United Nations System-Wide Earthwatch: Opening
United Nations System-Wide Earthwatch: Opening
United Nations System-Wide Earthwatch: Opening
1. The seventh meeting of the Earthwatch Working Party was opened on Monday
11 December 2001, on behalf of the UNEP Division of Early Warning and
Assessment by Mr. Arthur Dahl, Director, Coral Reef Unit, UNEP, who welcomed the
participants, outlined the origins of Earthwatch and noted the significance of the
current meeting in view of the lead-up to the World Summit on Sustainable
Development (WSSD) to be held in Johannesburg in 2002.
2. The agenda was approved as proposed (Annex 1), and Mr. Dahl was requested
to chair the meeting. The list of participants is given in Annex 2 and the list of
documents for the meeting is given in Annex 3. All documents relevant to the meeting
are available on the documents page of the Earthwatch Website
(http://earthwatch.unep.net/about/documents.html).
4. He briefly noted some of the other activities that had taken place since the last
reporting period and indicated that discussion on those issues would take place under
the relevant agenda items. Activities not covered under specific agenda items which
he also mentioned included the Dashboard of Sustainability developed at the
European Joint Research Centre at Ispra under the guidance of the Consultative Group
on Sustainable Development Indicators, which was described as a simple graphical
presentation of indicators which facilitated using complex data for decision-making.
6. The meeting in Canada was organized under three main themes: access to and
uses of information, data gaps and information systems, and new information
technologies. The principal conclusions of the meeting were that: reliable access to
information was essential for knowledge-based decision-making; access to sustainable
development data and information at the right time and at the right cost is critical; and
free, open and unrestricted access to sustainable development information is
indispensable. The meeting had addressed the widening gap between countries with
and without telecommunications infrastructure, (the “digital divide”) and had
suggested that one solution would be to take a step-by-step approach to
implementation of web-based information systems and to promote a combination of
on-line and off-line strategies to encompass those without access to the Internet. The
value of satellite remote sensing in providing vital information about the earth’s
ecosystem was recognized and it was recommended that the UN should promote
government, non-government and private sector partnerships to facilitate the sharing
of space science research, technologies and data between developed and developing
countries.
7. Regarding the follow-up to the Secretary General’s report, she noted that there
had been some confusion between countries’ understanding of indicators for the
coordinated follow-up to major UN conferences and CSD indicators, which had led to
reticence by some Governments to accept indicators which they feel might be linked
to conditionality of, for example, financing.
9. In the ensuing discussion it was noted that while the importance of training
courses on national data and information exchange could not be ignored, the need for
training in use of equipment and for operational support was vital and gaining
impetus. The problem of who owns data was also raised, given the importance of
determining valid and consistent data. In principle, primary data should be freely
obtainable while it is considered to be appropriate to charge for value-added
information products in certain circumstances. Further, concern was raised on the lack
of ability to apply environmental data to such issues as human health or energy trends.
The UN Economic Commission for Europe (ECE) study to investigate who asks for
what information and where it is going in the European region was considered to be
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11. Regarding the concerns expressed, especially while preparing for the WSSD,
over the lack of data required to prepare necessary reports on various issues, Mr.
Pissierssens pointed out that, as far as oceans were concerned, substantial data sets
were available within the data centres of the Committee for International
Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange (IODE) and the International Council
for Science Partner’s World Data Centres. He also stressed the importance of
metadata catalogues that had been developed at the national, regional and global
scale. For the latter he referred to NASA’s Global Change Master Directory (GCMD)
that covered land, atmosphere, space and water, and to Global Observing Systems
Information Center (GOSIC). It was recommended that Earthwatch seek cooperation
with the different data and metadata collecting agencies. Mr. Pissierssens also
informed the meeting on the IOC’s Ocean Portal initiative which currently included a
catalogue of ocean data and information sources on the web. As from 2002, IOC
would develop additional portals for example for Integrated Coastal Area
Management (ICAM), Coral Reefs and GOOS cataloguing websites pertaining to
those themes and programmes.
13. During the discussion mention was made of the need to develop multi-layered
indicators relevant to national and local as well as global and regional levels of
decision-making. Agencies noted other studies on-going under this mandate such as
the environmental impact of refugee camps, human environment index, human
vulnerability index, an index related to global disease burden, and a review of
environmental indicators initiatives. It was stressed that work on indicators should
avoid unnecessary duplication and the importance of communication amongst the
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15. Ms Kerr informed the meeting that the dates for the WSSD would most likely
change to 26 August to 4 September 2002. She added that all the regional preparatory
meetings had taken place and that a substantive preparatory committee would be
meeting in early 2002. She noted that multi-stakeholder involvement would be
stressed at that meeting and that one of its goals was to put forward ideas to the
WSSD for strengthening implementation, and actions for the future. She added that
high-level input was being given to the substantive preparatory committee and that
bureau members were taking a very active role, looking at potential outcomes of the
summit and at the question of governance.
17. Mr. MacDevette introduced the agenda item and, through a presentation
(UNEP/EWWP7/Inf.7) noted that there were a number of major environmental
assessments currently being undertaken, such as: the Global International Waters
Assessment, the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, the Forest Resource Assessment,
and the Land Degradation Assessment. At a meeting of the heads of the major
assessments held in November in Cambridge, United Kingdom, a number of actions,
detailed in the attached draft report were decided upon to promote the development of
a more effective global environmental assessment process.
18. The meeting also noted that, with regard to global information systems, a
series of framework data sets was needed in accessible format that could be used with
minimal effort and that the standard metadata should be provided for the global
environmental data sets. A common information system framework should be used
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20. Participants were invited to provide information on new and emerging issues.
Mr. Pissierssens introduced UNESCO’s Unit for Disaster Reduction and IOC’s related
Tsunami Warning System, and UNESCO’s Programme on Man and Biosphere (MAB)
(http://earthwatch.unep.net/about/docs/ewwp7-4.html). Mr. Pissierssens pointed out
the possible links between, amongst others, the invasive species issue and IOC’s
Harmful Algal Blooms programme and the coral reef issue and IOC’s activities in this
regard (e.g. GCRMN). He offered to invite relevant UNESCO/IOC colleagues to
contact the Earthwatch secretariat with a view to providing additional content for the
Earthwatch website.
21. The issue of vulnerability raised much interest at the meeting and it was noted
that it was a key theme in the GEO-3 report. A paper was presented by IOC
(UNEP/EWWP7/Inf.2) on issues related to the WSSD of concern to IOC and included
reference to vulnerability topics such as Tsunami waves and disaster reduction. WHO
had clustered their vulnerability mandate in emergency and humanitarian action with
a focus on vulnerable groups i.e. women and children, and was also looking at climate
change including early warning for heat waves. Children’s susceptibility to pesticide
poisoning, and disaster management with pilot projects using space technology to
strengthen institutions and study disaster effects were also mentioned. UNEP had
undertaken a review of international work in the area of vulnerability assessment and
indices and was developing an index of human vulnerability to environmental
changes. It was recognized that there was a need to make an assessment of increasing
human vulnerability due to environmental changes and to develop vulnerability
indices, based on transparent and sound methodologies.
22. The meeting heard a report on environmental security from ECE. With a view
to pushing environment higher on the political agenda of many European nations,
linkages were being made between environment and security issues such as poverty
leading to social tension and social unrest, shared natural resources especially
transboundary waters, and the economic considerations of vulnerability to natural
disasters and industrial accidents. Global health security issues related to HIV/Aids
and communicable diseases in general and the vulnerability of down stream
communities to a variety of environmental pressures was also noted. Finally, the
attention of the meeting was drawn to 2002 being the year of the mountain and it was
recognized that many areas recently designated as requiring humanitarian action were
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23. The Working Party also discussed the environmental and human impact on
major ecosystems such as coral reefs and was informed of the on-going International
Coral Reef Action Network (ICRAN)/UNEP work on that matter. Attention was
drawn to the UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre World Atlas of Coral
Reefs. Regarding biosafety it was noted that not enough was being done in the WSSD
process on that issue. WHO was undertaking assessments on the impact of modern
food biotechnology on health, and on biosafety and transport.
24. A short report was presented on recent developments in the Integrated Global
Observing Strategy (IGOS) Partnership between the Global Observing Systems and
their sponsors, the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS) of the space
agencies, the International Group of Funding Agencies (IGFA) and major global
research programmes (WCRP, IGBP). Details are available on the IGOS home page
created by Earthwatch and now hosted by IOC (http://www.igospartners.org).
Earthwatch was represented at the successful IGOS partners meetings in Paris, France
in June 2001 and in Kyoto, Japan in November 2001, which had demonstrated the
usefulness of the IGOS approach to reinforced cooperation and user-responsiveness.
27. A presentation was also made on the new Earthwatch website. While the
improved look of the site was commended as being professional, several suggestions
were made for focusing the information provided. It was suggested that additional
information should be provided on methodologies such as the use of satellite imagery,
information systems, global navigation satellite systems and indicators. It was also
considered that the website should focus on global data and should use agencies’
information database with cross linkages.
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28. In the light of the consultation under previous agenda items on the different
strategic elements and activities across the UN system and beyond of relevance to
Earthwatch, the meeting recommended that Earthwatch coordination should give the
following activities priority in the year ahead:
In view of the need to identify issues that would spark interest in information
exchange, assessment and monitoring, it was agreed that Earthwatch should
select key themes such as climate change, biodiversity, desertification,
deforestation, water and sanitation, and air pollution on which to collaborate in
particular for placing information on the website and to carry forth to WSSD.
31. Concerning new and emerging issues, summaries on issues related to agencies’
activities on vulnerability, and on mountains should also be placed on the Earthwatch
website. It was suggested that the Earthwatch secretariat, to improve its website,
should (i) create a media list; (ii) identify themes and request most relevant URLs
from agencies, index the web; (iii) create a subscriber list with monthly highlights by
e-mail; and (iv) prepare a concise abstract on the site that should be distributed to
partners. Agencies should continue to provide critical feedback on the website to
update and improve it, especially related to linkages to their sites, and, where
possible, should provide a contact point within their agencies. There should be an
informal method for placing information on the Earthwatch website and all agencies
should audit that information.
32. The Earthwatch secretariat would shortly be updating and reformatting the
compendium of information on each partner organization on the Earthwatch web site,
which could become a map to relevant information sources within each organization.
Agencies cooperation in that updating process was requested.
Other business
34. It was agreed that the eighth meeting of the Earthwatch Working Party would
be held in Geneva in November of 2002 to take into account the outcome of WSSD.
35. The Earthwatch secretariat would prepare and send out the draft report for
comments to the participants prior to its distribution to all Earthwatch partners.
ANNEX I
Earthwatch Working Party 7 UNEP/EWWP7/1
10-11 December 2001 10 December 2001
AGENDA
ANNEX II
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
Mr Carlos Corvalan
Scientist
Department of Protection of the Human Environment
World Health Organization
CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 791 42 08
Fax. +41 22 791 41 23
[email protected]
WMO Mr M. Coughlan
Director Coordinator for Climate Activities Programme
WMO
Case postale 2300
CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 730 81 11
Fax. +41 22 730 61 81
[email protected]
Mr A. Karpov
Acting Chief
Observing System Division
WMO
Case postale 2300
CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 730 81 11
Fax. +41 22 730 61 81
[email protected]
Mr Ibrahim Sow
Consultant
Secretariat of the Basel Convention
15 chemin des Anemones
CH-1219 Chatelaine, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 917 82 18
Fax. +41 22 797 34 54
[email protected]
Mr Arthur Dahl
Director
Coral Reef Unit
15 chemin des Anemones
1219 Châtelaine, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 917 82 07
Fax. +41 22 797 34 71
[email protected]
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Ms Meera Laurijssen
Consultant
Earthwatch
15 chemin des Anemones
CH-1219 Chatelaine, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 917 81 76
Fax. +41 22 797 34 71
[email protected]
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ANNEX III
LIST OF DOCUMENTS
Agenda UNEP/EWWP7/1
Annotated Agenda UNEP/EWWP7/1/Add.l
Earthwatch Progress Report UNEP/EWWP7/2
New and Emerging Issues UNEP/EWWP7/3
Note by the Secretariat
New and Emerging Issues UNEP/EWWP7/4
Submissions received from Partner Organizations
New and Emerging Issues UNEP/EWWP7/4/Add.1
Submitted by SBSTTA
GEO-3 Report UNEP/EWWP7/5
Report of the Meeting UNEP/EWWP7/6
List of Participants UNEP/EWWP7/7
List of Documents UNEP/EWWP7/8
Information Documents