Published by : International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)

http://www.ijert.org ISSN: 2278-0181

Vol. 7 Issue 02, February-2018

A Modelling of High Voltage Transmission Line

by Using MATLAB Simulation
Amjad Ansari Hashim Haidarali Ansari
Department of Electrical Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering
Theem College of Engineering Theem College of Engineering
Boisar-Maharashtra ,India. Boisar-Maharashtra,India.

Shashibhushan Mishra Pranay Anil Kulkarni

Department of Electrical Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering
Theem College of Engineering Theem College of Engineering
Boisar- Maharashtra, India. Boisar-Maharashtra,India.

Abstract Electrical power is increases day by day and .In this case of three phases electrical power system
transmits more electrical power transmission line capacity from mainly they are two faults occurs such as three phase balance
one station to another station.The main aim of this project is to fault and three phase unbalance fault on transmission line
detect and the location of the different faults on High of electrical power system faults are classified are L-G fault,
transmission lines. During some faults are occurred in the High 2L-G fault and 3L-G fault .The extra high voltage
Voltage transmission line system, such as Single Line to Ground transmission line fault detection and analysis helps to
Fault (L-G), Double Line to Ground (LL-G), Triple Line to selected and developing for a better to protection purpose
Ground Fault (LLL-G) and Line to Line fault (L-L). These types and their protection of transmission line. Protected system
faults are affecting the electrical power system component are circuit breakers and its rating is totally depends on
which are connect in High Voltage Transmission Line. The L-L-L fault. The triple line fault current is much higher as
major faults in HV transmission lines is Single Line to compare to other faults current.
Ground Fault which are harmful to the electrical equipment.
The Complete proposed model of HV transmission lines are Simulation is done by using MATLAB simulation
simulated in MATLAB software to Detect and the in computer and then analysis of Maximum voltage
faults.Fault element was taken from the Sim-Power system transmission line faults can be easily Detect and analysis.
block library. The whole simulation of different operating and When different fault are occurred two or more conductors
different conditions of fault on UHV transmission line, their
come in contact to each other or ground in three phase
faults are L-G fault, LL-G fault, and LLL-G fault circuit of
the proposed all work presented in this Report. systems, for it is at such times that the electrical power
system components are the greatest stresses from excessive
Keywords— UHV Transmission line, MATLAB Software, currents. L-G, LL-G and LLL- G faults gradually rise to
L-G fault. fault, 2L-G fault, 3L-G serious damage on electrical power system equipment .
When there a major fault which occurring on long
transmission lines not only affects the all equipment and it
I. INTRODUCTION also effect the electrical power quality. So, it is necessary to
In High Voltage Transmission lines there are different determine the types of fault and location of fault on the
types of fault occurs in electrical power system and then in transmission line and clear the faults as soon as possible
the process of ,transmission line fault analysis and in order not to cause some damages. A flash over,
detection, determination of bus voltage and the line current. lightning strikes to birds, wind, snow and ice load lead to
The electrical power system is terms bus voltage and bus short circuits. The deformation of insulator materials are
current of high transmission line are very important. The also to occurs a short circuit faults. Thus it is essential to
main purpose is to study the general fault types which are detect and analysis the fault quickly and separate the
balance and unbalance faults of long transmission line in the faulty part of the HV transmission line. We find out the
electrical power system and we have to perform the detect ground faults quickly they are more important for safety,
and analysis and obtain the result of various MATLAB economy and electric power quality. Now this transient
software . wavelet or waveform based fault analysis, detect and
This methods to find out such types of fault analysis compare the faults levels of wavelets of each phase and
and detection, direction estimation and faults distance zero sequence currents and thus detecting and classifying the
location can be classified into the following three faults.
categories name are transient signals-based methods, power
II. METHODOLOGY
frequency components- based methods and superimposed
components-based methods In three phase electrical power system mainly they are two
faults occurs such as three phase balance fault and three phase
unbalance fault on transmission line of electrical power

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 Published by : International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)
http://www.ijert.org ISSN: 2278-0181
Vol. 7 Issue 02, February-2018

system faults are classified are L-G fault, 2L- G fault and 3L- 1. Generating Section.
G fault . The extra high voltage transmission line fault 2. Transmission line.
detection and analysis helps to selected and developing
for a better to protection purpose and their protection of 3. Load.
transmission line.

The power system under consideration consists of two 865

KV single lines having 300 km length. The single lines are
feed from generators at 13.8 KV as is represented in the
block diagram. The single line models are distributed
parameter lines.The lines are assumed to be transposed
and their parameters R, L, C /km are specified in
positive- and zero- sequence components. We analysis and
detected the faults currents will give information about the
nature of the fault.
Figure 3.4: Block Diagram Of High Voltage Transmission Line

A 865 KV Ultra high voltage transmission line system

1. Generating Section: In This Section , Power Generated at
has been modelling and simulated to detection. Figure 1 Power Station ,which are stepped up to paricular High Voltage and
shows a block diagram of UHV transmission line fault has Transmitted towards Consumer through a Transmission line.
been used throughout the work. The long transmission
2. Tranmission Line : Transmission Line is a connecting link
line system consist of one generators of 865Kv is between Generating section and Load. The fault generally occur at
located on long transmission line are three phase Transmission Line. The different type of fault are as follow :
simulator used to simulate faults at mid position on Ultra a. Line to ground Fault
high-voltage transmission line. The faulted on UHV (L-G)
transmission line is represented by distributed paramete
b. Line to Line Fault (L-L)
c. Double Line to ground Fault (LL-G)
3: Load : The different type of load connected to
transmission line such as commercial load ,domestic load ,etc.
which vary according to the demand.
Using the Block Diagram 3.4, we will simulate and analyzed the
different type of fault Occuring in the high voltage
transmission Line.we will be using various tools from Matlab
Sim Power system Library.
Fig:1 Single line-to-ground fault:-

IV. SIMULATION RESULTS

In High transmission line is one of the important
components in electric power system. In HV,
transmission lines connect the stations (generating station)
and load centres. When their generating stations are far
away from the load centres and they run over few hundreds
of kilometres. It is an accurate faults location on their high
Fig 2: Double line-to-ground fault:- voltage transmission line it is the most important
requirement for a permanent fault.
A. Single Line To Ground Fault At Output Side :
Single line to ground faults occurs in UHV transmission
line system are R-G, Y-G and B-G faults. For an example R-
G fault is considered here. In this figure shows the voltage
and current waveforms of RG or L-G fault system. The
R phase signals having more transients or maximum value
of current than other phases. Here detailed coefficients are
calculated and Detected of energy associated with each
phase and ground is tabulated. It is clear that the energy
Fig 3: Tripple line-to-ground fault:-
associated with detailed coefficients of R phase and ground
is changed and thus this is an R-G fault system.
III. DEVELOPMENT.
To model the Transmission Line, it is divided into three parts:

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D. Single Line-Ground Fault At Input Side:- Here we

have simulation and Modelling on L-G fault occurs their one
phase is short to the ground and the fault the impedance is
not zero. When their output waveform shows the rise of
current on L-G fault occur on UHV transmission line.

Figure: 4 Output voltage and current waveform Single line to ground in

P.U.

B. Double line to ground Fault at output side:- The voltage and

current waveforms of RB-G fault system. The R, B and
zero signals having more transients fault than other
phases. The detailed coefficients are calculated and energy
Figure:7 L-G Fault waveform of current at input side in P.U
with associated in each phase and ground is below. It is
clear that the energy associated with detailed coefficients E. Double Line-Ground Fault At Input Side:-
and analysis of R, B phases and ground is changed and Now simulation and modelling on double line to ground
thus this is an R-B-G fault system. fault occurs their two phases is short to the ground. When
the magnitude of the faults current line are higher than the
normal input current and the voltage are not change in
magnitude and the fault the impedance is not necessary zero
and output waveform shows the gradually rise of current
where 2L-G fault occur on UHV transmission line.

Figure: 5 Output voltage and current waveform Double line to

ground in P.U.
C. Tripple Line To Ground Fault At Output Side:- In three
phase faults occurs in UHV transmission system are
RYB faults and R-Y-B-G faults. Simulation and modelling
Figure: 8 LL-G Fault waveform of current at input side in P.U.
results of both fault detect are discussed. The figure shows
the voltage and current waveforms of R-Y-B fault system. F. Triple Line-Ground Fault At Input Side:- Modelling
In R, Y and B phase signals having more transient waveform on triple line to ground fault occurs when three phases is
and more faults than other phases. If detailed coefficients short to the ground. When their magnitude of the faults
are calculated and energy associated with each phase current line are higher than the normal input current and
and ground is tabulated below. From the table it is clear the voltage are not change in magnitude. Thus output
that the energy associated with detailed coefficients of R, waveform shows the increasing of current when LLL-
Y and B phases changed and thus this is an R-Y-B fault G fault occur on UHV transmission line.
system.

Figure: 6 Output voltage and current waveform Triple line to ground in Figure: 9 LLL-G Fault waveform of current at input side in P.U.
P.U.

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G. Without fault Waveform:- J. 3L-G Fault Waveform At Fault Point:-

In UHV transmission line when we applied balance
input and there is no fault in their UHV transmission thus
output will be normal and balance value of current and
voltage. These energies are the reference parameters. There
is some change in these parameters, and then their phase is
considered as faulty condition.

Figure: 13 Fault Current waveform of LLL-G fault Location

VI. CONCLUSION
We had collected details on “Transmission
Line Fault Detection.”In particular, “A Modelling of
Transmission Line Using Matlab Simulation” along with
Figure: 10 Voltage and Current waveform of healthy network in P.U. all types of Transmission Line faults and their solutions
were studied.
H. L-G Fault Waveform At Fault Point:- The ultimate aim of the project would be simulation of
the circuitry on MATLAB and implementing in
MATLAB with most positive results and least limitations.

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Figure: 11 Fault Current waveform of L-G fault location R. E. Saha, M.M. and J. Izykowski, “A fault
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