English Series 8

Writing continued.....
Regulations in Examination Hall
a. Students are requested to come in time
b. Talking to each other is not allowed in the hall.
c. Taking copies, books, any sheet of paper into the hall is restricted.
Disobeying the rules may result into the expulsion of the examinees.
d. Everyone should bring the admission card to enter the exam hall.
e. Everyone is required to keep the exam hall peaceful.
Regulations in School
a. Every student is requested to come to school in school uniform.
b. Everyone is requested to register the name within a week at the beginning of the
session.
c. Getting out during the school hour is strictly prohibited
d. Any type of beverage product is strictly prohibited to have as snacks.
e. The student having less than 80% of presence will be excluded from the exams
f. Keeping clean environment in the school area is the duty of the students and teachers.
Regulations in Zoo
a. Visitors are strictly forbidden to feed the animals.
b. Entrance without a ticket is prohibited.
c. Visitors are requested to keep a safe distance from the animals.
d. Rubbish should be thrown in the designated place. No visitor is allowed to enter
before 8:00 am and stay after 5:00 pm.
e. Visitors are requested to show their tickets whenever the zoo officials ask for them.

5. Narrating sequence of events, arguments

We often use past tense to narrate sequence of events and we use time clauses like
„when, after, before, by the time, no sooner, as soon as, etc‟ to show the sequence of
events. We should narrate the sequence of events in the order of time.

a. Write a paragraph describing an unforgettable event in your life.

An Unforgettable Event
When I remember the incident that occurred to me at my uncle‟s house, I tremble
with fear and my body shrinks. Last month, I visited my uncle to give him some ripe
mangoes. It was a hot evening. I reached there at about 6:30 pm. After taking food, I
had a great talk with my uncle. He told me some interesting things about his
childhood. Then we went to bed. When I slept on bed, I realized something moving
under my mattress. It rolled and rolled and finally came up and crowded on my
stomach. I knew it was a real cobra. I was so nervous and afraid that I didn‟t even cry.
The snake reared up its head. It was about to bite me, then my uncle came there and
threw away the snake with a stick. Then he hit the snake to death. Now I always
check my bed before I sleep. This was an unforgettable event in my life.

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b. Study the following event that happened and develop a readable paragraph
putting them in sensible order.
(Students on a field trip/in a hill side/ run up the hill/ a student named Rabi/slip and
fall down /shirt torn/no serious injury/“You got a lesson,” says the teacher)
A Field Trip
At the end of the academic session, the Grade X students of Sumnima English
School were taken to a field trip by their social studies teacher. They were taken to a
hillside spot by bus. On the way, all of them were singing and playing the madal.
When they reached there, it was almost 1 pm. It was the last field trip for them. All
of them were excited and started playing. Some of them became busy in taking
photos while some ran up the hill. While running, a student named Rabi slipped and
fell down. His shirt was torn. His teacher saw him falling down. She ran to the boy
to find if he was OK. Luckily, he got no serious injury. The teacher looked at him
and said, “You got an event to remember the tour and a lesson today.” Rabi smiled at
the teacher‟s remark.
c. Develop a paragraph using the following clues:
(Prakash has called Rabina at a place to meet him. She does not come there on time.)
“You are unbelievable,” says Prakash
“Let‟s not argue now,” Rabina says, “tell me why you‟ve called me here.”
Prakash proposes her.
“Time is for learning and developing personality, not marrying,” Rabina replies.

Prakash and Rabina are friends. One day Prakash called Rabina to a place to have a
secret talk. He went to the fixed place in time and waited for her for a long time. But
Rabina was very late. Prakash was restless while waiting for her. After a long time,
Rabina came there. Prakash got angry at this. He said that she was unbelievable.
Rabina replied promptly saying that he could not understand her problem. She
suggested they shouldn‟t have unnecessary arguments. She asked him to tell why he
had called her there. Prakash proposed Rabina. Shocked at it, Rabina replied that it
was time for learning and developing personality.

d. Write a short paragraph on your first day at school:

My first day at school
My first day at school was very enjoyable for me. My father walked with me to
school on the first day. When I reached at the school gate, a teacher led me to my
classroom. Some children were crying as their parents went home leaving them in
the classroom. I did not cry because I had been to kindergarten before. I was very
happy as I got to know my new classmates. There were more than twenty students in
my classroom. Most of us were busy playing games and looking at toys and pictures.
Our teachers were busy writing down our particulars so we had plenty of time to
ourselves. Meantime some children continued to sob while the teacher came to stop
them crying. She gave us some sweets. Soon recess came. Some children went to the
bathroom whereas we began to eat our lunch. After recess we went back to our
classroom. The teacher taught us some rhyme songs. Soon we were laughing and
playing together. Once in a while the teacher had to tell us to keep quiet as we were

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 making too much noise. Finally the bell rang for us to go home. I was glad to see my
father waiting for me at the school gate. I waved bye-bye to my friends. It had been a
wonderful first day at school.

Practice Questions:
Write a paragraph on one of the following topics:
a. A robbery b. A birthday party
c. A road accident you have witnessed d. A violent argument
e. A bargain at a shop

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6. Skeleton Stories
Students are generally asked to build a complete story from the given outlines. It
carries six marks in the SLC examination. Here are some useful points for skeleton
stories:
a. Read the given outline carefully and understand the idea it conveys.
b. Generally the outline for a story is given in the present tense but the story is
often written in the past tense.
c. Completing a story is not simply a gap filling task. So do not add only a few
words in the gaps to complete the story. Try to develop a readable story using
the outline.
d. Remember a good story has a beginning, a problem, a solution to the problem,
an ending.
e. Think of a good starting in the first paragraph. Introduce the main characters;
use some adjectives to describe them. To bring your characters to life, you must
describe them: their appearance; their personalities; their strengths and
weaknesses.
f. Think of a good setting that expresses the time, place, and even the weather in
which a story occurs.
g. Use dialogues, exclamations, adverbs and some expressions to make your story
interesting and readable.
f. Give a suitable title and a moral to the story.

a. Write a readable story with the help of the following outlines:

An old lady becomes blind – calls in a doctor – agrees to pay large fee if cured, but nothing if
not – doctor calls daily – puts eyes on lady‟s furniture – delays the cure – everyday takes away
furniture – at last cures her – demands his fees – lady refuses to pay – saying cure not
complete – doctor brings a court case – judge asks why she will not pay – she says sight not
properly restored – she cannot see all her furniture – judge gives verdict in her favour – moral.
An old lady and a clever doctor
How could I get my eyes restored? Will I be able to find an honest doctor for
treatment? These were the questions in the mind of an old lady who became blind all of
a sudden. She always thought about her poor eyesight sitting on her beautiful sofas.
The old woman feared of hiring a doctor as the town was full of fake doctors. Yet
she decided to call in a doctor on one condition.
“Condition!” the doctor, whom she called in, said doubtfully, “What‟s it!” The
old lady said, “I have a condition; I‟ll pay the large sum if cured, but nothing if not!”
The doctor agreed and came to treat her daily. The doctor was lured at the items
of furniture in the lady‟s room. He began to take away one by one and so he delayed the
cure. After a few weeks, she was cured and the doctor demanded his charge but the old
lady refused to pay saying that her eye sight had not been properly restored yet.
The doctor brought the case in court. The judge asked the old lady, “Why aren‟t
you paying the doctor‟s fees?” She replied, “My Lord! My eyesight has not been
restored properly because I can‟t see any valuable furniture of my room.” The judge
knew the matter and gave the verdict in her favour.
Moral: You will be deceived if you try to deceive others.

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b. Write a readable story with the help of the following outlines:
Three artists complete – one paints a wreath of flowers – a bee comes and sits on the
picture –another paints a basket of fruit – an ox tries to seize it – the third paints a
curtain – all the three pictures placed before the judge – the judge tries to raise the
curtain – the pictures judged the best – it deceives a man – other only insect and
animals – moral.
The three artists
Long ago there lived three artists who were fully accomplished in art, and their
paintings were equally so good that it was very difficult for anyone to judge who was the
best among them.
Once an art competition was held to find out who was the best among them. The
three artists took part in the competition. One painted a flower. It looked so real that a bee
came and settled on it. Another painted a basket of fruit. It looked so natural that an ox
tried to seize some of it. The third artist painted a curtain that was also so real and
beautiful.
Everybody was excited to know who would be the winner among the three. All
the three paintings were presented before the judge. He looked at all the paintings. When
he looked at the curtain, it appeared so natural to him that he tried to raise it. The judge
said, “The first two paintings deceived only an animal and an insect, but the third
painting deceived a human being. So I declare the artist of the third painting as the
winner.”
Moral: The best always takes the first place.

c. Write a readable story with the help of following outlines.

Three friends .... talk standing outside a hotel ...... decide to purchase the hotel to start
a business.....a man hears them...... thinks to deceive them ...... asks them how much
money they have .... takes the money and gives them papers of hotel instead .......
happily enter hotel and have lunch... a waiter asks them to pay the bill .....they say they
are the new owners .......the papers are examined .....moral.

The Three Friends and the Hotel

Once there were three young friends in a village. They had recently completed
college education from a town. They were searching for jobs but they could not get a job.
They were tired of moving from door to door of offices, factories and stores. They
thought of starting their own business in their investment. Each of them borrowed some
money from their parents and set out for a town to start a business.
When they reached just outside a hotel in the town, they stood nearby and talked
about purchasing the hotel. The conversation among the three friends caught a man‟s
ears. He was standing beside them, at the entrance of the hotel. He knew that they had
big sum of money and he immediately made a plan to cheat them. He said to them, “I‟m

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the owner of this hotel. Do you want to purchase this hotel? How much money do you
have?” They honestly replied how much they had. They believed in what the man said
and agreed to purchase the hotel in haste. The three friends gave him the money. Then the
man said to them, “Look, these are papers of the hotel. Take these papers and you are the
owners of the hotel now.” They happily went into the hotel and had a good lunch. After
a while, a waiter asked them to pay the bill. But they said, “We are the new owners of
this hotel.”
The real owner of the hotel came and examined the papers and told them that
those were fake papers. Now the three friends were at a complete loss and they looked at
one another.
Moral: Haste invites trouble.

d. Write a readable story with the help of the following outlines:

A king disappointed – his people lazy – to teach them a lesson he had a big stone put
in the middle of the road one night – next day merchants pass and go round it –an
officer driving his car did the same – a young solider came cycling, did the same – all
cursed the stone and blamed the government for not removing it – then the king had
the stone removed – many people watched it – under it was an iron box, marked, “For
the man who moves away the stone” – inside was a purse full of money – the people
were ashamed – moral.
Lazy countrymen got a lesson
Once there was a wise king who was very much worried about his countrymen.
The people in his country were so lazy and didn‟t participate in any work or development
activities.
One evening the king thought of teaching the people a good lesson. He had a big
stone put in the middle of the road one night. Next day merchants passed and went
around it. An officer who came driving a car passed the stone without caring about it. A
young soldier came cycling but he also did the same. None of the people tried to remove
the big stone from the road, instead all of them cursed and blamed the government for not
removing the stone.
Knowing that no one was going to remove the stone, the king with a few of his
courtiers had the stone removed and many people watched the incident. Under the stone
there was an iron box marked, “For the man who moves away the stone” The king
opened the purse and it was full of money. The people watching it were ashamed of
themselves for not removing the stone.
Moral: Do what you can, rather than blaming or complaining about others.

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e. Write a readable story with the help of the following outlines:
Androcles– slave – runs away – lives in a cave in the desert – the lion comes limping –
thorn in its foot – Androcles pulls out the thorn – lion grateful – soon after Androcles
caught – condemns to be thrown to lions – one lion not touches him – lays at his feet –
same lion – master hears Androcles story – pardons Androcles – sets lion free–
moral.
A cruel master
Long ago there was a kingdom which was ruled by a cruel master. There was
extreme slavery and poverty in the kingdom. People were afraid of the master.
The master had many slaves working for him. Among them was Androcles, who
was so badly treated by his master that he ran away from the master to a desert. He
sheltered into a cave. One day he saw a lion with a wounded paw. It came to him
limping. He saw a big thorn in its paw. He took out the big thorn. The lion was very
much grateful to him and they became good friends.
Androcles and the lion were living happily in the desert till the day when he was
caught by his master again. He was condemned to be thrown before a hungry lion. His
master threw Androcles to a lion. But the lion didn‟t hurt him rather it laid at his feet. The
master and all others were astonished to look at the behaviour of the lion.
Androcles knew that it was the same lion that he had met in the desert. When the
master heard Androcles story, he felt so deeply that he pardoned Androcles and set the
lion free.
Moral: If you help others you will be helped.

f. Write a readable story with the help of the following outlines:

A bee falls into a tank – a dove flies past – drops a large leaf into the water – the bee
climbs on to the leaf – flies away–a hunter takes aim at the dove–the bee stings him –
the dove is saved.
A true friend
A small bee that was on its way to search nectar fell in a tank and tried its way to
come out but each time it tried it failed. Fortunately, a dove saw these all and felt pity on
the little bee struggling hard to save its life. The dove flew on the tree and picked up a
large leaf with its beak and dropped into the water. The bee climbed on the tree leaf and
the dove took the leaf out of water and the bee was saved. The dove flew away.
Some days later, the bee was sitting on a branch of a tree. A hunter took aim at the
dove but the bee saw the sight. Before the hunter could fire his gun, the bee stung him
and the hunter shouted aloud. Hearing the sound, the dove flew away. The little bee flew
away quite proudly for being able to repay the debt to his life saver once.
Moral: One who helps others will be helped.

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Practice Questions:
Write readable stories with the help of the following outlines:
a. A rich farmer.....apple garden......migrate to a nearest city.....a watchman......paid very
little......no honesty.....appoints a lady .....even no honesty....dismisses her
too........appoints a lame and a blind........no honesty.....title and moral
b. A merchant in a city - had a friend, monkey - helped the merchant in his works- the
merchant sleeping - monkey sitting near and looking after him - a housefly sate on the
merchant's face - monkey tried to chase - but couldn't - fly again on merchant's face -
monkey angry - picked up his sword - hit housefly flew away- result - Moral.
c. A heavy shower ..... birds comfortable in nests ....... monkeys getting wet at the
branches of the trees ......Birds sympathise them ...... monkeys with head and feet can't
build shelters ..... rain ceases ....... monkeys destroy nests ...... moral.
d. a hard working ant and grasshopper….ant worked all summer and collect food for
winter grasshopper spends by singing..........no food in winter ...go to the ant .beg for
food…….. the ant tells......don't you feel shy?....... title and moral.
e. Three men find a purse in a forest…….agree to divide the money…….all are
hungry…….one goes to buy food……….poisons it…….the other two decide to
murder him…….he is murdered on his return…….the other two eat the
food…….result…….moral.
f. A peacock.......proud of his looks.......admires his own beauty.......thinks he is.......bird
in the world.......proud peacock dances.......colourful feathers.......he meets
crane.......colourless feather.......the peacock mocks at him, “What.......you look so
ordinary!” .......the crane replies, “of course! .......but can‟t fly high up.......moral.
g. A girl age of 15…..works in a boss house …..goes to school completing household
works…..faces the different problems everyday…..discouraged in study by the
boss…..doesn‟t pay fee…..request in school for free education …..school
provides…..becomes school top in the final exam …..moral.
h. Midnight.......man with a basket containing charcoal .......policeman suspicious
.......questions him .......the man hesitates .......basket searched .......silver vessels found
.......result.......moral.
i. A woman.......3 old men in her front yard –WEALTH, SUCCESS and LOVE .......look
hungry and tired .......invites to come in ....... “which one of us you want in your
home!” asks the man.......goes inside the house .......husband says: let us invite
WEALTH .......wife says: why don‟t we invite SUCCESS? .......daughter says: would
it not be better to invite Love? Our home will then be filled with love!” .......goes out
.......invites LOVE .......walks toward the house .......the other two also get up and
follow LOVE .......Wherever there is Love, there is also Wealth and Success”.

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6. Paragraph Writing
A paragraph has been defined as a group of sentences that are closely related in
thought and which serve one common purpose. A good paragraph has the following
qualities:
1. A paragraph has a topic sentence that introduces the main idea of the paragraph.
It usually comes at the beginning of the paragraph.
2. It has good supporting sentences that give examples, evidence and facts to
support the main idea that the topic sentence expresses.
3. It has a concluding sentence that marks the end of the paragraph.
4. A paragraph should have unity. It means all the supporting sentences should
clearly point to or support the topic sentence of the paragraph.
5. A paragraph should have coherence. All the sentences and ideas in the paragraph
should be organized logically and they should flow smoothly together to make
clear and logical points about the topic.
6. Coherence in a paragraph can be achieved by arranging the sentences in a natural
or recognized order (time/chronological order, spatial order, emphatic order,
step-by-step order, etc) or by using transition words (besides, however, in
addition, in short, consequently, furthermore, then, finally, on the other hand, etc)
to show the connection from one sentence to another.

Read the following sample paragraphs:

Living in Cities
People prefer living in cities for various reasons. The main
Topic Sentence
benefit is that there is a certain security in living in a city. If we
are in trouble and we need some source of help, we can get it
from a police station or many other organizations. Another
reason is that when we fall ill, we can get medical care from a
nearby hospital. Moreover, we can have easy access to
qualitative education in cities as there are a lot of public and
private schools and colleges. Students can study various subjects Supporting Sentences
and can prepare themselves for better employment opportunities.
Besides, a large city often has many national and internal
industries and other organizations which are the sources of good
employment. Likewise, there is also the availability of various
modern facilities like Internet, telephone, post office, transport,
etc which make our life easier and comfortable. In short, looking
at all these opportunities available in a city, it has been a choice Concluding Sentences
of many.

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 My room
Topic Sentence I like my room very much because of its interior setting.
The walls are painted in pink and the room is carpeted in
the same colour. It has two big windows and a thick
wooden door. Air and sunlight gets into my room through
the windows. The curtains of the windows are also pink,
which is my best colour. There are three beautiful paintings
Supporting Sentences
on the wall that reflect the various groups of people in
Nepal. There is a double bed in the east corner of the room.
And a book-shelf is kept opposite the bed. There is a round
tea table between the bed and the book-shelf. There are two
chairs around the tea table. Everyone who visits my room
likes it very much.
Concluding Sentences

Importance of Breast Feeding

Bread feeding is important for a baby for its healthy growth
and a good mother-child bonding relationship. Mother‟s Topic Sentence

milk contains nutrients that match the perfect need of a

baby. These nutrients keep changing as per the need of the
baby. For example, the percentage fat in mother‟s milk
increases in the winter season to keep the baby warm.
Similarly, the percentage of protein increases and decreases
in mother‟s milk time and again, that helps to maintain the
bodily requirements of the baby with respect to its weight
and age. Mother‟s milk also contains sufficient antibodies Supporting Sentences
substances that help the child develop better immune and
resistance power against germs and diseases. Besides good
physical and mental growth, breast feeding helps to
establish a good attachment between the mother and the
baby. Such attachment ties both of them emotionally and
develops a sense of relationship and responsibility for each
other. So breast feeding should be given high priority to
that of packet milk.
Concluding Sentences

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 My School Library
My school library contributes significantly to students‟
Topic Sentence
learning. The library is well-stocked and well-maintained,
and we can read books on various subjects. These books
help a lot to our understanding of academic subjects. We
can find books on biology, chemistry, algebra, history,
geography, literature, language, etc. Besides academic
books, the library has a good collection of famous
magazines, newspapers and several other reading materials.
Supporting Sentences These reading items help us with our project work,
extracurricular and creative activities. When we finish a
lesson in our classroom, our subject teacher provides a list
of books that we need to go through for deeper and better
understanding. After school we visit the library and read
the books and magazines of our interests. Over all, my
school library is a good place for information and
knowledge.
Concluding Sentences

Adult Education
Adult education can bring a lot of changes in Nepalese
societies. In a developing country like Nepal where adult Topic Sentence

illiteracy is high, these groups of people are suffering a lot

as they cannot simply read and write. If uneducated adult or
old people are trained to read and write, they can bring
progressive changes in their family, health, society and
business. If they are educated, they can treat their family
members in a different way. They can read newspapers and Supporting Sentences
understand various social programmes on TV in a better
way. Not only this, they can know the importance of health
and health facilities. They may be made aware of
population and pollution problems. If they are involved in
farming, they can read some recent methods of farming and
can contribute to agricultural progress in Nepal. They can
raise a sound for prevailing social evils and bad traditions.
So if there is a good facility of adult education in our Concluding Sentences
societies, it can bring new prospects for adult people.
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