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    Experiment No - 2: Objective

    Uploaded by

    Mehar Gupta
    This experiment aims to simulate a pulse width modulation circuit and observe the modulated signal. The circuit uses a 555 timer IC in monostable mode to generate pulses of varying width proportional to an input audio signal, converting it to a digital PWM signal. Multisim software is used to simulate the circuit. Key waveforms show the input trigger pulse, control voltage signal, and resulting pulse width modulated output voltage with a duty cycle corresponding to the control signal amplitude. The circuit diagram developed in Multisim verifies the pulse width modulation concept.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Experiment No - 2: Objective

    Uploaded by

    Mehar Gupta
    41 views5 pages
    This experiment aims to simulate a pulse width modulation circuit and observe the modulated signal. The circuit uses a 555 timer IC in monostable mode to generate pulses of varying width proportional to an input audio signal, converting it to a digital PWM signal. Multisim software is used to simulate the circuit. Key waveforms show the input trigger pulse, control voltage signal, and resulting pulse width modulated output voltage with a duty cycle corresponding to the control signal amplitude. The circuit diagram developed in Multisim verifies the pulse width modulation concept.

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    Experiment No 2

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    This experiment aims to simulate a pulse width modulation circuit and observe the modulated signal. The circuit uses a 555 timer IC in monostable mode to generate pulses of varying width proportional to an input audio signal, converting it to a digital PWM signal. Multisim software is used to simulate the circuit. Key waveforms show the input trigger pulse, control voltage signal, and resulting pulse width modulated output voltage with a duty cycle corresponding to the control signal amplitude. The circuit diagram developed in Multisim verifies the pulse width modulation concept.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    41 views5 pages

    Experiment No - 2: Objective

    Uploaded by

    Mehar Gupta
    This experiment aims to simulate a pulse width modulation circuit and observe the modulated signal. The circuit uses a 555 timer IC in monostable mode to generate pulses of varying width proportional to an input audio signal, converting it to a digital PWM signal. Multisim software is used to simulate the circuit. Key waveforms show the input trigger pulse, control voltage signal, and resulting pulse width modulated output voltage with a duty cycle corresponding to the control signal amplitude. The circuit diagram developed in Multisim verifies the pulse width modulation concept.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    You are on page 1of 5

    EXPERIMENT NO – 2

    OBJECTIVE: -

    Learn to simulate the pulse width modulation circuit and to observe the
    modulated signal.

    APPARATUS USED: -

    MULTISIM 13 is used in this experiment for simulation purpose.

    THEORY: -

    Pulse-width modulation (PWM) is a modulation technique, which converts


    an analog signal into a digital signal for transmission. The PWM converts an
    audio signal (the amplitude-varying signal) into a sequence of pulses having a
    constant frequency and amplitude, but the width of each pulse is proportional to
    the amplitude of the audio signal.
    We are using LM555 IC in mono-stable mode to get the desired output
    waveform for pulse width modulation scheme.
    Block Diagram of 555 IC

    Working of 555 in mono-stable mode: -


    When a negative ( 0V ) pulse is applied to the trigger input (pin 2) of the
    Mono-stable configured 555 Timer oscillator, the internal comparator,
    (comparator No1) detects this input and “sets” the state of the flip-flop,
    changing the output from a “LOW” state to a “HIGH” state. This action in turn
    turns “OFF” the discharge transistor connected to pin 7, thereby removing the
    short circuit across the external timing capacitor, C1.
    This action allows the timing capacitor to start to charge up through
    resistor, R1 until the voltage across the capacitor reaches the threshold (pin 6)
    voltage of 2/3Vcc set up by the internal voltage divider network. At this point
    the comparators output goes “HIGH” and “resets” the flip-flop back to its
    original state which in turn turns “ON” the transistor and discharges the
    capacitor to ground through pin 7. This causes the output to change its state
    back to the original stable “LOW” value awaiting another trigger pulse to start
    the timing process over again. Then as before, the Mono-stable Multi-vibrator
    has only “ONE” stable state.
    The Mono-stable 555 Timer circuit triggers on a negative-going pulse applied to
    pin 2 and this trigger pulse must be much shorter than the output pulse width
    allowing time for the timing capacitor to charge and then
    discharge fully. Once triggered, the 555 Mono-stable will
    remain in this “HIGH” unstable output state until the time period set up by
    the R1 x C1 network has elapsed. The amount of time that the output voltage
    remains “HIGH” or at a logic “1” level, is given by the following time constant
    equation –

    WAVEFORMS: -

    There are various waveforms which complete the entire experiment. They
    are as follows.

    WAVEFORM OF INPUT PULSE AND TRIGGER PULSE -


    WAVEFORM OF CONTROL VOLTAGE AND PULSE WIDTH
    MODULATED VOLTAGE –
    The control voltage given is pure sinusoidal of frequency 250 Hz and the pulses
    are given with duty cycle of 50% and of frequency 1.5 kHz.

    CIRCUIT DIAGRAM DEVELOPED IN MULTISIM –

    CONCLUSION –
    As we can see that the width of the output modulated pulse varies
    according to the control signal. Hence the concept of pulse width modulation
    scheme is verified.

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