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    Truss System

    Uploaded by

    Arnav Dasaur
    The document describes the design of a truss structure using STAAD Pro software. It begins with an introduction to trusses, including their components and why triangles are used. It then outlines the objectives of designing two truss types for a mechanical workshop. Load calculations are presented for dead load, live load, and wind load based on relevant building codes. The key loads acting on the truss are then calculated.

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    Truss System

    Uploaded by

    Arnav Dasaur
    99 views38 pages
    The document describes the design of a truss structure using STAAD Pro software. It begins with an introduction to trusses, including their components and why triangles are used. It then outlines the objectives of designing two truss types for a mechanical workshop. Load calculations are presented for dead load, live load, and wind load based on relevant building codes. The key loads acting on the truss are then calculated.

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    The document describes the design of a truss structure using STAAD Pro software. It begins with an introduction to trusses, including their components and why triangles are used. It then outlines the objectives of designing two truss types for a mechanical workshop. Load calculations are presented for dead load, live load, and wind load based on relevant building codes. The key loads acting on the truss are then calculated.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    99 views38 pages

    Truss System

    Uploaded by

    Arnav Dasaur
    The document describes the design of a truss structure using STAAD Pro software. It begins with an introduction to trusses, including their components and why triangles are used. It then outlines the objectives of designing two truss types for a mechanical workshop. Load calculations are presented for dead load, live load, and wind load based on relevant building codes. The key loads acting on the truss are then calculated.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 38

    DESIGN OF TRUSS

    USING STAAD PRO


    CONTENT :
    Objective
    Introduction
    Collected Data
    Loads calculation
    Results
    For further Scope
    INTRODUCTION :

    TRUSSES
    What is a truss.?
    A Framework ,typically consisting
    of rafter , posts,
    and struts , supporting a roof ,
    bridge or other structure.
    A truss is a structure comprising one or more
    triangular units constructed with straight members
    whose ends are connected at joints refer to as
    nodes.
    Members are commonly wooden struct or metal
    bars
    Joint connections are formed by bolting or
    welding the ends.
    Different types of trusses
    Why are triangles used in trusses?
    Rectangles and squares are not very strong because the middle of each
    side would tend to bend or buckle easily. And these are not used in truss.

    A truss is a structure made up of triangles . Triangles are strong because


    when you define the length of the three sides the relationship between the
    nodes is fixed. Similarly when you identify any two angles of a side or two
    sides and a common angle all other properties are fixed. In any other shape
    there are more degrees of rigidity required to create a fixed structure.

    Triangles have sides that reinforce each other. They divide up the load.
    Truss Members
    The members which from the outline or perimeter of a truss are
    generally called the chord members.

    There are two chord members -


    01. Top Chord: Top members
    02. Bottom Chord: Bottom members
    Web Members The interior members connecting the joints of
    the chords are called the web members.
    There are two members-
    01. Diagonal members
    02. Vertical members
    Truss members :
    Distribution of loads :
    The top beams in a truss are called top chords
    and are generally in compression.

    The bottom beams are called bottom chords


    and are generally in tension.
    Application of trusses-
    Roof of factory shade.
    Ware house
    Railway platform
    Garage shed
    transmission towers
    Crane truss
    Bridge Truss
    Sport Stadium Truss
    SPARTAK STADIUM - RUSSIA
    Moses Mabhida Stadium ANZ STADIUM - AUSTRALIA
    - South Africa.
    POAND TORUN BRIDGE
    TOKYO GATE BRIDGE
    CRANE TRUSS
    some pictures of trusses:

    PRATT TRUSS FINK TRUSS


    OBJECTIVE :
    In the design & analysis of industrial shed, the type of
    truss used in shed is decided based on Importance of
    Structure, type of loads and purpose of shed.
    The design we have considered the mechanical
    engineering workshop of college VIGNAN INSTITUTE
    OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE which is FINK FAN
    TRUSS.
    The main aim is designing of two types of truss for the
    same configuration i.e , span length of truss, spacing of
    truss & length of shed.
    MECHANICAL SHED OF OUR COLLEGE WHICH IS FINK FAN TRUSS
    Collected data :

    Spacing of truss =4.921m


    Span length = 22.310m
    Height of shed upto crown=7.5m
    Length of shed =68.89m
    Location of shed - VITS, mechanical workshop.
    Terain condition - Hilly area.
    Roofing type AC sheet
    CALCULATION OF LOADS :

    DEAD LOAD

    LIVE LOAD

    WIND LOAD
    (OR)
    SESMIC LOAD
    DIFFERENT CODES USED FOR CALCULATING
    DIFFERENT LOADS
    DEAD LOAD - code (IS 875-1987 PART-1)

    LIVE LOAD - code (IS 875-1987 PART-2)

    WIND LOAD - code (IS 875-1987 PART-3)

    SNOW LOAD - code (IS 875-1987 PART-4)

    SESMIC LOAD - code (IS 1893-1984)

    SPECIAL LOADS and LOAD COMBINATIONS - code


    (IS 875-1987 PART-5)
    DEAD LOAD :
    A constant load in a structure (as a bridge, building, or machine)
    that is due to the weight of the members.

    It is also know as SELF WEIGHT.

    Dead load is obtained from the code (IS 875-1987 PART-1)


    As per code (IS 875-1987 PART-1)

    Dead load of ac sheeting = 0.17 KN/M2


    For fixing = 0.025 KN/M2
    As followed according to code we get dead load on each nodal point
    dead load on nodal point = 1.37KN (at intermediates)
    = .0685 KN (at ends).
    LIVE LOAD :
    Weight of everything superimposed on, or temporarily attached
    to, a structure (people, machinery and equipment, furniture,
    appliances, etc).

    Live load is obtained from the code (IS 875-1987 PART-2).

    Live load obtained after calculating according to code is


    0.552 KN.
    WIND LOAD :

    WIND means motion of air in the atmosphere.

    Wind is caused by air flowing from high pressure to


    low pressure.

    The response of the structure to wind depends on


    the characteristics of the wind.
    Wind load is obtained from the code (IS
    875-1987 PART-3).

    DESIGN WIND SPEED :


    (Vz)=Vb.K1.K2.K3
    where, Vb Basic wind speed (m/s).
    K1 Risk coefficient
    K2 Terrain height and structure
    size factor
    k3 Topography factor
    Vb Basic wind speed (m/s)= 44 m/s
    According to code by substituting required values we get :
    Design wind speed (Vz) = 48.97 m/s .

    Design wind pressure (Pz) = 0.6(Vz)


    = 1.439 KN/M.

    Calculation of wind load on individual members :


    F=(Cpe-Cpi)A*Pd

    where , Cpe external pressure coefficient.


    Cpi - internal pressure coefficient.
    Pd design wind pressure.
    A Surface area of structural unit.
    Where
    Area = 6.53 m
    Cpi = 0.5
    Assuming permeability of wind 5-20% of wall area.

    Cpe :

    = 0 = 90
    Wind ward leeward Wind ward lee ward
    10 -1.2 -0.4 -0.8 -0.6

    13.56 -0.92 -0.4 -0.764 -0.6

    -0.4 -0.4 -0.7 -0.6


    20
    FORCES obtained by substituting values along
    respective directions we get :

    At intermediate nodes :
    Wind angle Wind ward Lee ward
    0 -13.34KN -8.50KN
    90 -11.84 KN -10.33 KN

    At end nodes :
    Wind angle Wind ward Lee ward
    0 -6.67KN -4.25KN
    90 -5.92 KN -5.16KN
    RESULT

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