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com Quantitative Aptitude

13. ALLEGATION OR MIXTURE

Introduction
It is the rule that is used to determine the mean value of the mixture when the prices of the
individual items being mixed together and the proportion in which they are being mixed are given.
Here, the value of the mixture is always higher than the lowest value and lower than the highest
value of the items being mixed.
According to Rule of Allegation
i).q3q= KR +g7)D76 }63+7 KR 27)676  c7). D63+7
"
i).q3q= KR 27)676 c7). }63+7  }63+7 KR `g7)D76
It can be also expressed as,
Cost price of 1 unit
Cost price of 1 unit quantity of dearer (y)
quantity of cheaper (x)
Mean price (m)

(m-x)
(y-m)

(Cheaper quantity : Dearer quantity) = (y - m) : (m - x)

Where, mean price (m) is the cost price of a unit quantity of the mixture.
Also, if a container contains x units of liquid from which y units are taken out and replaced by water.

After n operations, the quantity of pure liquid is {9 G & H | unit.

Example 1 : How many kilograms of rice costing Rs. 18 per kg must be mixed with 30 kg of rice
costing Rs. 14 per kg, so that the resultant mixture cost Rs. 15 per kg.
Solution: Applying the rule of allegation, we have
(` 14) (` 18)

Mean price ( ` 15)

18-15=3
15-14=1

i).q3q= KR +g7)D76 63+7

"
i).q3q= KR 27)676 63+7 
; If cheaper rice is 3 kg, dearer rice is 1 kg.

If cheaper rice is 30 kg, dearer rice = / 0 kg = 10 kg

Example 2: In what proportion must a person mix rice Rs.12.00 per kg and Rs. 14.40 per kg so as
to make a mixture worth Rs. 12.60 per kg?
Solution: CP of 1 kg dearer
1200 paise rice 1440 paise

Mean price
1260 paise
180
60

By the allegation rule,

i).q3q= KR +g7)D76 63+7 '
" "
i).q3q= KR 27)676 63+7 % 
; He must mix rice in the ratio 3 : 1.
Example 3: In what proportion must water be mixed with milk to gain 20% by selling it at cost
price?
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CP of 1 L of water CP of 1 L of milk
`0 `1

Mean price

`

 
 

Solution: Let CP of milk = Rs. 1 per litre

; SP of 1 L of mixture = Rs. 1,
Profit = 20%

; CP of 1 L mixture =   = Rs.
 

; Required ratio = : = 1 : 5
 

Example 4: Two vessels contain mixture of milk and water in the ratio of 3 : 5 in the first vessel and
in the ratio of 2 : 7 in the second. In what ratio should the contents of these two vessels be mixed
such that the resultant mixture has milk and water in the ratio 1 : 3?
Solution . Here, we can apply the allegation rule taking the concentration of the mixtures. The

concentration of milk in the first vessel is 3/8 and that in the second is

Concentration of milk in Concentration of milk in

first vessel   second vessel  

Mean concentration of milk in the

new mixture  

     
   
   

The ratio in which the two mixture should be mixed is : " ': % " 2 : 9
 

EXERCISE
1. In what ratio, tea at Rs. 90 per kg should first group to the number of students in
be mixed with another tea at Rs. 120 per the second group.
kg to get a tea of Rs.100 per kg (a) 2 : 1 (b) 3 : 2
(a) 2 : 1 (b) 3 :1 (c) 3 : 1 (d) 4 :3
(c) 3 : 2 (d) 4 :3 4. On mixing two classes of students having
2. Two varieties of rice at Rs. 10 per kg average marks 25 and 40 respectively,
and Rs.12 per kg are mixed together in the overall average obtained is 30 marks.
the ratio 1 : 2. Find the average price of Find the number of students in first class
the resulting mixture if the second class has 30 students.
(a) Rs.11 per kg (b) Rs. 11.22 per kg (a) 45 (b) 60
(c) Rs. 11.33 per kg (d) Rs. 11.44 (c) 70 (d) 80
per kg 5. 4 kg of rice at Rs. 5 per kg is mixed with
3. On combining two groups of students 8 kg of rice at Rs. 6 per kg. Find the
having 30 and 40 average marks average price of the mixture
respectively in an exam, the resultant (a) Rs. 5 per kg (b) Rs. 5.55 per kg
group has an average score of 34. Find (c) Rs. 5.66 per kg (d) Rs. 6 per
the ratio of the number of students in the kg
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6. 5 kg of rice at 6 per kg is mixed with 4 14. One type of liquid contains 25% of milk,
kg of rice to get a mixture costing Rs. 7 the other contains 30% of milk. A
per kg. Find the price of costlier rice. container is filled with 6 parts of the first
(a) Rs. 7.00 (b) Rs. 7.50 liquid and 4 parts of the second liquid.
(c) Rs. 8.00 (d) Rs. 8.25 The percentage of milk in the mixture is
7. In what proportion must water be mixed (a) 27% (b) 31%
(c) 29 % (d) 33%
with spirit to gain  % by selling it at
 15. A mixture of 45 L of spirit and water
CP?
contain 20% of water in it. How much
(a) 2 :7 (b) 1: 8
water must be added to it make the water
(c) 1: 9 (d) 2: 9
25% in' the new mixture?
8. In what ratio a grocer mix tea at Rs. 22
(a) 5 L (b) 3 L
per kg and Rs. 32 per kg, so that by
(c) 4 L (d) 6 L
selling that mixture at Rs. 28 he may 16. A mixture of 20 kg of spirit and water
gain 12%? contains 10% water. How much water (in
(a) 3 : 5 (b) 7 : 3 kg) must be added to this mixture to raise
(c) 8 : 3 (d) 3 : 11 the percentage of water to 25%?
9. A mixture of 70 L of milk and water (a) 30 (b) 8
contains 10% water. How many litres of (c) 5 (d) 4
water must be added, so that water may 17. A person travels 340 km in 8 h. The first
be 30% of the mixture? part of the journey, he travels by car at
(a) 35 L (b) 33 L the speed of 50 km/h and in the second
(c) 20 L (d) 25 L part of the journey he travels by train at
10. Gold is 20 times heavier than water and the speed of 38 km/h. How many km did
copper 9 times. In what ratio should he travel by train?
these metals be mixed so that the mixture (a) 120 km (b) 190 km
may be 15 times as heavy as water? (c) 150 km (d) 210 km
(a) 6 : 5 (b) 3 : 2 18. A merchant lent out Rs. 6440 in two
(c) 5 : 1 (d) 4 : 3 parts, one at 8% and the other at 12%
11. A mixture of 150 L of wine and water interest. If the yearly average interest
contains 20% water. How many litres of comes out to be 9%. Find the amount lent
water must be added so that water may at 12% interest?
be 25% of the mixture? (a) Rs. 1610 (b) Rs. 4830
(a) 12 L (b) 8 L
(c) Rs.2640 (d) Rs. 3610
(c) 10 L (d) 6 L
19. A sum of Rs. 7.50 is made up of 21
12. Pure milk costs Rs. 21.50 per litre. A
coins which are either 25 paise or 50
milk man adds water to 60 L of pure milk
paise coins. How many coins are there of
and the resultant mixture costs Rs. 20
50 paise?
per litre. How many litres of water does
(a) 9 (b) 12
he add?
 (c) 7 (d) 10
(a) L (b)  L 20. In a zoo, there are some pigeons and
 
 some rabbits. If their heads are counted
(C) $ L (d)  L
  these are 100 and if their lE.g.s are
13. A dealer mixes tea costing Rs. 50 per kg
counted these are 320. How many
with a high quality tea and sells the
pigeons are there?
mixture at Rs. 54 per kg. If the ratio in
(a) 66 (b) 60
which the two quality tea were mixed is (c) 40 (d) 45
2 : 1, what is the cost of higher quality
tea? Answer Key
(a) Rs. 62 per kg (b) Rs. 58 per kg 1 a 5 c 9 c 13 a 17 b
(c) Rs. 66 per kg (d) Rs. 72 per kg 2 c 6 d 10 a 14 a 18 a
3 b 7 b 11 c 15 b 19 a
4 b 8 b 12 c 16 d 20 c
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SOLUTIONS
1.
` 120
` 90
Mean price
` 100
10
20    
  
Required ratio = 20 : 10 = 2 : 1 # # # #
! $
2.
` 12
Ratio of water and spirit = : = 1 : 8
% %
` 10 8. SP of 1 kg mixture = Rs. 28 Gain = 12%
Mean price !
`
CP of 1 kg mixture = Rs. %   &
!!
x-10
12-x =Rs. 25
By the rule of allegation, CP of 1 kg

       dearer tea
 CP of 1 kg cheaper

      ` 32
    (` 22)
 
    Mean price
  Rs. 11.33 per kg ` 
25-22=3
 32-25=7
3. Required ratio =
 Ratio of cheaper tea and dearer tea =7 : 3
 
  9. The mixture contains 10% water and 90%
  milk

   
4. By the rule of allegation
   
    
   Milk of 90% Milk of 0%(water
    
70% milk
 Students in first class =  30 = 60
!
5. Using the cross method if average price is 70-0=70 90-70=20
Rs. x per kg.
Ratio of milk and water = 70 : 20 = 7 :
Then
  2
 For 7 L milk, 2 L water is to be added.
  &'
        ' For 70 L milk, % &L = 20 L water is
&
    to added.
 x= Rs. 5.66 per kg 10. By the rule of allegation,
6.
`x Gold 20 Copper 9
`6
Mean price Mean 15
`7
4 15-9=6 20-15=5
5
By the cross method, Ratio of gold and copper = 6 : 5
  11. The mixture contains 20% water and 80%
      
  of wine.
      Rs. 8.25 By the rule of allegation,
7. Let the CP of the spirit be Rs. 1 per litre Wine of 80% Wine of0%(water

Then SP of 1 L of mixture = Rs. 1 per litre 75% Wine

! "
Gain   %  %
75-0=75 80-75=5
! $
CP of 1 L of mixture = Rs. ! " Rs. Ratio of wine : water = 75 : 5 = 15 : 1
!#! %
For 15 L wine, 1 L water is to be added.
By the rule of allegation. !"'!
' For 150 L wine,% &L=10 L to be added.
!"

12. By the rule of allegation

`1
(` 0)
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Mean price

`

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Cost per litre of pure milk # 

:   : 
2150 pasie Water 0 pasie  
"
Time spent in train =  8 = 5 h
Mean price $
2000 paise Distance travelled by train =385= 190 km
2000-0=2000 2150-2000=150
18. By the rule of allegation
()*+,-,. /0 1)23 4-56  
  Part I 8% Part II 12%
()*+,-,. /0 7*,32  
For every 40 L of pure milk he adds 3 L of Mean
interest 9%
water. 12-9=3 9-8=1
(' %
For 60 L of milk he adds =  Ratio of Part I : Part II = 3 : 1

! Amount lent on 12% interest
= 4 L of water !
13. Let the rate of second quality be Rs. x per =  6440 = Rs. 1610

&" "
kg. 19. Average price = paise = paise
! &
CP of 1 kg tea of 1st Kind CP of 1 kg tea of 2nd Kind By the rule of allegation
` 50 `x
25 pasie coins 50 pasie coins

Mean price Mean price

` 54
paise

(x-54) 54-50=4 



  
 
)"
Now  Ratio of 25 paise coins to 50 paise coins

!
! &"
           : =4:3
& &
    8    
no. of 50 paise coins =    #
' CP of second quality tea is Rs. 62 per kg &
"  20. Since there are 100 heads, it means that the
14. Milk in mixture =   8 
! ! number of pigeons and rabbits are 100. A
&
=27% pigeon has 2 legs and a rabbit has 4 legs. If
!
15. 45 L of mixture has 20% water so 45 L of all are pigeons, number of legs = 2 100 =
mixture has 9 L of water. suppose x litres 200
must be added. If all are rabbits, number of legs
Then = 4 100 = 400
8# Actual number of legs = 320
    By the rule of allegation, Rabbits
 8 
 8    8     9 Pigeons
400
16. Water in mixture = 2 kg
200
Let x kg of water should be mixed. Mean price
8 8  320
'      
 8   8   320-200=120
  8    8  400-320=80

       
17. Average speed of the journey Ratio of pigeons and rabbit
  = 80 : 120 = 2 : 3
  64/; Number of pigeons =  100 = 40
  "
By the rule of allegation
Speed of car (50 km/h) Speed of train (38 km/h)

Average
Speed
 

km/h  
  

   

Time spent in car : Time spent in train

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