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    Tutorial On Sustainability and Ethics Class

    Uploaded by

    Nayá Paiva
    This document contains four questions related to thermodynamics and sustainability. Question 1 asks about heat transfer between two water streams of different temperatures in co-current and counter-current flow geometries. Question 2 asks about estimating the work extracted from expanding carbon dioxide in a fire extinguisher. Question 3 asks about writing the fundamental thermodynamics equation for an open system in terms of internal energy, Helmholtz free energy, Gibbs free energy, and enthalpy along with the associated Maxwell relations. Question 4 asks about deriving formulas for various thermodynamic properties in terms of pure species properties and mole fractions for an ideal mixture.

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    Tutorial On Sustainability and Ethics Class

    Uploaded by

    Nayá Paiva
    15 views1 page
    This document contains four questions related to thermodynamics and sustainability. Question 1 asks about heat transfer between two water streams of different temperatures in co-current and counter-current flow geometries. Question 2 asks about estimating the work extracted from expanding carbon dioxide in a fire extinguisher. Question 3 asks about writing the fundamental thermodynamics equation for an open system in terms of internal energy, Helmholtz free energy, Gibbs free energy, and enthalpy along with the associated Maxwell relations. Question 4 asks about deriving formulas for various thermodynamic properties in terms of pure species properties and mole fractions for an ideal mixture.

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    Tutorial on sustainability and ethics class

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    Tutorial on sustainability and ethics class

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    This document contains four questions related to thermodynamics and sustainability. Question 1 asks about heat transfer between two water streams of different temperatures in co-current and counter-current flow geometries. Question 2 asks about estimating the work extracted from expanding carbon dioxide in a fire extinguisher. Question 3 asks about writing the fundamental thermodynamics equation for an open system in terms of internal energy, Helmholtz free energy, Gibbs free energy, and enthalpy along with the associated Maxwell relations. Question 4 asks about deriving formulas for various thermodynamic properties in terms of pure species properties and mole fractions for an ideal mixture.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    15 views1 page

    Tutorial On Sustainability and Ethics Class

    Uploaded by

    Nayá Paiva
    This document contains four questions related to thermodynamics and sustainability. Question 1 asks about heat transfer between two water streams of different temperatures in co-current and counter-current flow geometries. Question 2 asks about estimating the work extracted from expanding carbon dioxide in a fire extinguisher. Question 3 asks about writing the fundamental thermodynamics equation for an open system in terms of internal energy, Helmholtz free energy, Gibbs free energy, and enthalpy along with the associated Maxwell relations. Question 4 asks about deriving formulas for various thermodynamic properties in terms of pure species properties and mole fractions for an ideal mixture.

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    CP305: Ethics and Sustainability

    Tutorial Worksheet 2

    1. Consider a hot stream of water at temperature TH = 60 C and a cold stream of water at TC =


    20 C, both with a mass flowrate of m = 1 kg s1 .

    (a) How much work can be extracted from transferring heat between these two streams in a
    co-current flow geometry? What is the final outlet temperature of each stream?
    (b) How much work can be extracted from transferring heat between these two streams in a
    counter-current flow geometry? What is the final outlet temperature of each stream?

    2. Estimate how much work can be extracted from a fire extinguisher that initially contains 2 kg
    of carbon dioxide (molecular weight 44.01 g mol1 ) at an initial volume of 3 L, and at its vapor
    (saturation) pressure. Assume that the surroundings have a pressure of 1 bar and a temperature
    of 298 K, and that the expansion is isothermal. At 298 K, the carbon dioxide has a vapor pres-
    sure of pvap = 64.121 bar, with a liquid molar volume of Vl = 0.061745 L mol1 and a vapor
    molar volume of Vg = 0.18269 L mol1 .
    Take into account the non-ideal behavior of the carbon dioxide in the vapor phase by using the
    following equation of state:
    RT a
    p= 2
    V V
    where a is a parameter to be determined, R = 8.314 J mol1 K1 is the ideal gas constant, T is
    the absolute temperature, and V is the molar volume of the gas.

    3. Write the fundamental equation of thermodynamics for an open system in terms of the internal
    energy U , the Helmholtz free energy A, the Gibbs free energy G, and the enthalpy H. For each

    of these equations, write the three associated Maxwell relations.

    4. The total Gibbs free energy G of an ideal mixture is given by:



    X X
    G(T, p, x1 , x2 , . . . ) = N (T, p) + RT N ln x

    where T is the absolute temperature, p is the pressure, (T, p) is the chemical potential (molar
    Gibbs free energy) of pure component , and N and x are the total number of moles and
    mole fraction, respectively, of species .
    Derive formulas for the chemical potential , the molar entropy S, the partial molar entropy
    S , the molar enthalpy H, the partial molar enthalpy H , the molar volume V , and the partial
    molar volume V in terms of the properties of the pure species and their mole fractions.

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