d296 d297 Installation Manual - Fotobeam Bosch
d296 d297 Installation Manual - Fotobeam Bosch
d296 d297 Installation Manual - Fotobeam Bosch
Installation Instructions
EN Long-Range Beam
Smoke Detectors
D296/D297 | Installation Instructions | 1.0 Description
1.0 Description
1 - Transmitter 3 - Obscuring object
The D296 and D297 Long-Range Beam Smoke
Detectors have a separate transmitter and receiver. 2 - Beam 4 - Receiver
Internal pointability provides coverage flexibility
If the signal falls below the trouble threshold for more
without brackets. Automatic signal synchronization and
than 20 sec (caused by an object blocking the beam for
range adjustment reduce installation costs. Selectable
example), the receiver signals a trouble condition (refer
sensitivity and alarm response time provide installation
to Figure 3).
flexibility.
Figure 3: Beam Blockage
1 4
The receiver automatically compensates for the gradual 3.1 Avoid Heat and Air Movement
signal loss because of dust and dirt buildup on the cover. Sources
After a signal loss of 50%, the receiver indicates a
trouble. When the dust and dirt buildup are cleaned or Place the D296 and D297 Detectors where the beam
the blockage is removed, the detector automatically path does not pass near heating and cooling outlets.
returns to its normal operation level. Do not mount where hot or cold air blows directly
The receiver indicates a trouble if the beam strength into the beam path.
increases by more than 20% for longer than 20 sec. A Heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC)
trouble can be caused by an initial misalignment or the systems can blow smoke away from the beam path.
removal of a partial beam blockage during alignment. Smoke must accumulate in the beam path to be
Perform a fine-tune alignment as described in Section 6.3 detected.
Fine-Tune Alignment on page 8. Do not mount heaters close to the beam path. Heat
can distort the beam.
3.0 Installation Considerations Test for beam distortion by monitoring the signal
Correct D296 and D297 location and spacing is critical voltage.
in a properly installed and operating fire alarm system. After setup, the detectors signal voltage must read
For best results, place the detectors and space them 4 VDC. Monitor the voltage and turn on all heating
according to the National Fire Protection Association and cooling devices in the area. The signal voltage
(NFPA) Standard 72, The National Fire Code. This must not fluctuate more than 0.20 VDC. If it does,
standard is available at a nominal cost from: relocate the detector to avoid these disturbances.
NFPA Protection Association
Batterymarch Park 3.2 Avoid Bright Light Sources
Quincy, MA 02269
Sunlight and light from extremely bright sources such
In all installations, good engineering judgement must as the exposed bulbs of high-pressure sodium, mercury
prevail. vapor, and metal halide lights can cause stray signals.
Do not use mirrors. Install detectors with a clear Do not point the receiver toward any of these sources.
line-of-sight between the transmitter and receiver. Sunlight: Do not point the receiver directly at the
Clear the beam path of moving objects. rising or setting sun. If installing the receiver where
sunlight cannot be avoided, mount it slightly higher
Set sensitivity based on the distance between the
than the transmitter and aim it down toward the
transmitter and receiver (refer to Section 6.2 Sensitivity
transmitter. This causes the receiver to look below the
Adjustment on page 8).
horizon.
Mount detectors directly to the ceiling or to side
Bright Lights: Do not mount the receiver where it looks
walls. Do not mount them where the beam path runs
at exposed bulbs of high-pressure sodium, mercury
parallel within 4 in. (10.2 cm) of a corner.
vapor, and metal halide lights. Refer to Figure 4 to avoid
For a sloped or peaked ceiling, ensure the beam path exposed lights.
is within 3 ft (1 m) of the ceilings peak.
Figure 4: Avoiding Exposed Lights
Air stratification might prevent smoke from reaching
detectors mounted close to the ceiling. Stratification
occurs when smoke, rising because it is warmer than
the surrounding air, reaches a level where it is the
same temperature as the surrounding air and does not
rise to the ceiling. If this is possible, install extra
beams where stratification is expected.
Avoid areas with normal smoke concentrations, such 1 - Receiver
as kitchens and garages. 2 - Do not place bright lights in this area.
Do not install detectors where the normal ambient
Bare fluorescent lights can also create a problem,
temperatures are below -22F (-30C) or above
especially in long hallways where a series of lights are
+130F (+54C).
perpendicular to the beam. Incandescent lights are not a
problem as long as they are not directly in the beam
path.
3.3 Use Correct Wire Gauge and Length When you are uncertain about mounting surface
Beam smoke detectors are often used to protect large stability, measure the detectors signal voltage. This
areas, requiring long wire runs to power the detectors voltage must be 4 VDC. Beam misalignment can cause
and signal alarm conditions. The voltage available at the this voltage to increase or decrease. The detector
end of long wire runs might not be sufficient to power indicates a trouble condition when the voltage increases
the detector, especially when the system is running on to greater than 4.8 VDC or decreases to less than
battery backup. Use the correct wire gauge when 2 VDC over a long period. A trouble condition also
installation detectors. occurs when voltage decreases to 0.4 VDC for more
than 20 sec. Refer to Section 7.3 Reference Voltage
Refer to Table 1 for the proper wire size, wire length, Calibration on page 9 for voltage reading.
and the number of transmitter and receiver pairs.
If you expect the mounting surface to move, relocate the
Table 1: Wire Gauge and Length detector to a stable surface or add supports to the
mounting surface to prevent movement.
Wire Length Wire Size Mounting the detector to a square or octagonal electrical
14 AWG 16 AWG 18 AWG mounting box of 4 in. (10 cm) can bow the mounting
(1.8 mm) (1.5 mm) (1.2 mm) plate. Bowing can occur because the mounting box
500 ft (152 m) 20 pairs 13 pairs 8 pairs screw tabs are below flush with the top edges of the
1000 ft (304 m) 10 pairs 6 pairs 4 pairs mounting box. Overtightening the mounting screws
2500 ft (762 m) 4 pairs 3 pairs 2 pairs bows the mounting plate inward at the bottom, causing
5000 ft (1524 m) 2 pairs 1 pair 1 pair the optics to aim low.
Irregularities in the flatness of the mounting box edge
3.4 Provide a Stable Mounting Surface surfaces or screw tabs worsens this condition. Only use
mounting boxes with flat, regular surfaces and properly
formed screw tabs. Tightening the mounting screws to
Always select stable mounting surfaces. secure the mounting plate to 2 in. (5 cm) or 2 lb (0.9 k)
torque minimizes misalignment caused by mounting
plate bowing.
Beam smoke detectors depend on the projected beam
measurement to sense smoke. Trouble or alarm 3.5 Stratification in Cold Environments
conditions can be caused by shifts in beam alignment Effects
when the transmitter or receiver moves.
In extremely cold environments such as unheated
Never mount a detector to a suspended support, such as warehouses, smoke cools very quickly and is less likely
a pipe or length of wood that is supported at only one to rise to the ceiling. Add more detectors at lower
end. This type of mounting can create a pendulum effect mounting heights to compensate.
that greatly multiplies even very small movements at
one end of the support. For example, a 2 in. (5.1 cm)
3.6 Expected Fire Load
movement translates into a beam misalignment of more
than 20 ft at 350 ft (6 m at 107 m). Support mounting When designing a fire alarm system, allow for expected
surfaces at opposite corners to reduce the pendulum fire loads within the application. For example, fires
effect. caused by the ignition of flammable petroleum-based
liquids generally lead to a rapid buildup of heavy
Always select surfaces that are not subject to building
smoke. When this type of fire is probable, use sensitivity
movement. The D296s and D297s automatic
settings 0 or 1 for a 5-sec response time.
compensation circuits eliminate most problems created
by normal building expansions and contractions. In
some unusual circumstances, the walls and support
structure might be subject to more significant movement
because of heavy equipment operation, such as cranes
anchored to the top of the walls.
4.0 Mounting 4. Route the wiring from the electrical box through the
wire entrance.
1. Install a 10 cm (4 in.) square or octagonal electrical 5. Mount the back plate to the electrical box.
box (not supplied) to a rigid surface that is not
subject to movement or vibrations. 6. Attach the circuit carrier plate to the back plate
using a single mounting screw.
If you are not mounting these detectors to an
electrical box, ensure the surface cannot move or 7. Repeat Steps 1 through 6 to mount the transmitter.
vibrate. For example, do not mount the detector
directly to a suspended ceiling without extra
support.
2. Remove the screw on the receiver's access door.
Then remove the covers four screws (refer to
Figure 5).
Figure 5: Access Door and Cover
1 2
1 - Access door
2 - Cover mounting screw (4)
1 2
AUX.
RELAY FIRE TRBL
ALARM ALARM ALARM VDC
1
4
+
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Alarm Loop
2
Power Loop
Power Loop +
1 2
3
+
1 - Receiver
2 - End-of-line (EOL) resistor
3 - Transmitter
4 - Fire Alarm Control Panel (FACP)
2
5 7 6 5
1 - Alarm LED (red) 1 - Rear bore sight (2) 2 - Front bore sight
2 - Trouble LED (yellow) 2. Rotate the transmitter's optical module left or right
3 - Normal LED (green) until you see the aiming light image (or receiver
image, if aiming light is not used) in the mirror.
4. Mount a D309 Strobe Aiming Light or an
equivalent, such as a Faraday 5508, as close to the 3. If optical module is initially aimed too high or too
receiver as possible, preferably on top of the low, adjust the Vertical Fine Tuning adjustment Allen
receiver. screw (with the supplied Allen wrench) slightly up or
down until you see the image.
5. Point the D309 at the transmitter using it as your
aiming guide. An aiming light might not be 4. Use the Vertical Fine Tuning adjustment screw and
necessary for short distance separations. the Horizontal Fine Tuning adjustment screw to fine
tune the image to the center of the mirror (aligned
with the front and rear bore sights).
5. Replace and secure the transmitter's cover.
6. Ensure the transmitter's green LED is flashing.
7. Replace and secure the transmitter's access door.
1
7.3 Reference Voltage Calibration
2 1. Check the detectors reference voltage a minimum
of once each year. Check the voltage more often if
required by local regulations or AHJs.
1 - LEDs 2 - Setup button
2. Remove the receiver access door and measure the
reference voltage using the supplied test cable. You
Only press the Setup button if the covers can also measure the voltage at the D307 (if used).
are on both the transmitter and receiver. 3. If the voltage is less than 3.8 VDC, remove the
cover and use the Setup switch to perform a
A 1-min to 2-min automatic internal setup process fine-tune alignment.
begins. This setup ends in a reference voltage that is
If the voltage is greater than 4.2 VDC, press the
used to measure beam blockages.
Setup button. You do not need to calibrate if the
The red and yellow LEDs turn off and the green voltage is between 3.8 VDC and 4.2 VDC.
LED turns steadily on. After some voltage
fluctuations, the meter sets to 5.0 VDC. 7.4 Power Outage
When power is removed and reapplied to the receiver,
During this time, do not block the beam or
such as in a power outage or alarm reset, the original
move the units.
reference voltage information is lost.
If the cover is on during powerup, the receiver
11. At the end of the setup, the receivers green LED
automatically restarts the internal setup process for a
flashes and the voltage decreases to a range from
new reference voltage when power is applied. If the
3.8 VDC to 4.2 VDC. Use this voltage as a
cover is off, reattach it and press the Setup button.
reference when you compare later readings to
determine the need for cleaning. If the voltage is not
within this range, press the Setup button.
12. After setup, remove the test cable.
13. Reconnect the D306 connector if used.
14. Replace and secure the access door.
7.5 Remote Test Indicator Plate For example, if the expected smoke density is
Connector 0.5%/ft (0.5%/30 cm), the obscuration at 50 ft (15 m) is
20%. The obscuration at 250 ft (95 m) is 73% (refer to
1. Momentarily attach the connectors orange and Figure 17).
black leads to produce a Test alarm (refer to
Figure 17: Smoke Density and Obscuration Chart
Figure 16).
Figure 16: Remote Indicator Plate Connector
1
2
3
4
5
6
7.6 Smoke Density and Obscuration Table 4: Sensitivity Pot and Obscuration
The total obscuration of the infrared beam depends on
the density and width of the smoke cloud along the Sensitivity Pot Setting Total Obscuration at Alarm
beam path. As the width of the smoke cloud increases, 2 20%
less dense smoke is needed for an equal obscuration of 0 or 3 30%
the beam path. Assume the smoke cloud is the entire 4 40%
distance of the beam path. Select the total obscuration 5 50%
needed for an alarm by setting the Sensitivity Pot 1 or 6 60%
according to Section 6.2 Sensitivity Adjustment on page 8.
7 70%
Total beam obscuration by smoke increases with the
distance between detectors; there is more smoke within
the beam path. Therefore, you can lessen detector
sensitivity by increasing the distance. Detector
sensitivity is also less at greater distances because
obscuration by other contaminants, such as dust,
increases.
Set detector sensitivity to respond to the proper smoke
obscuration and to reduce the chance of a false
activation.
8.0 Troubleshooting
Table 6: Troubleshooting
Transmitter
LED Condition Solution
Flashing Normal
Off 1. There is no power at the transmitter. 1. Restore power to Terminals 1 and 2.
2. The Aim Mode button not pressed. 2. Press the Aim Mode button.
3. The transmitter is faulty. 3. Replace the transmitter.
Receiver Aim Mode
Red Yellow Green Terminals Terminals Condition Solution
LED LED LED 4 and 5 6 and 7
On On Flashing Open Open The alignment is acceptable.
On On On Open Open The beam is blocked or the Clear the beam path or
receiver is misaligned. realign the receiver.
On Flashing Flashing Open Open The sensitivity setting is invalid. Set the receiver to the
proper setting.
On Off Off Open Open There is no power. Check for power at
Terminals 8 and 9.
Receiver - Normal Mode
Off Off On Open Closed The receiver is initializing. It
stabilizes in 60 sec to 120 sec
Off Off On Open Open The receiver is initializing. The Replace the access
access door is missing or door.
loose.
Off Off Flashing Open Closed Normal.
Off Off Flashing Open Open The access door is missing or Replace the access
loose. door.
Off On On Open Open Trouble. Beam is blocked or Clear the beam path or
misaligned. realign the receiver.
Off On Flashing Open Open Trouble. If the reference voltage Clean the transmitter
is less than 2 VDC, dust on the and receiver covers. If
lens reduced the signal the reference voltage
strength or vibration misaligned does not return to 4
the receiver. VDC, realign the receiver
and press the Setup
switch.
Off On Flashing Open Open If the reference voltage is Perform a fine-tune
greater than 4.8 VDC, the alignment of the receiver
beam strength increased and use the Setup
because an initial beam button.
misaligned or a partial blockage
was removed at setup.
On Off Flashing Closed Closed Alarm. Determine the cause of
the alarm and reset the
receiver.
On Off Flashing Closed Open Alarm. The access door is Determine the cause of
missing or loose. the alarm and reset the
receiver. Replace the
access door.
On On On Closed Open Alarm and Trouble. An alarm Determine the cause of
occurred, then the beam was the alarm and reset the
blocked. receiver. Clear the beam
path.
When two or more adjacent detectors are installed in the same area, alternate the transmitter and
receiver locations. If the transmitter and receiver are not alternated, ensure the spacing between the
detectors is 1/5th the distance from the transmitter to the receiver.
Start
TX = Transmittter
RX = Receiver
Mount TX and RX
according to
Section 4.0 Mounting The green LED is off.
on page 5 and the Is the
At the TX, press the green LED Check the power.
applicable fire codes. Aim Mode button. No
on the TX
blinking? The green LED is
Apply power to the TX steadily on.
and RX. Call Bosch.
Go to the TX.
Yes
Is the
green LED
flashing? Press the Setup button
again.
Is the meter No
voltage between If still unsuccessful,
3.8 VDC and recheck the RX
4.2 VDC? alignment.
Alignment is complete.
11.0 Specifications
Table 7: Specifications