American English File 2 Student Book

American
English
Student Book
Clive Oxenden
Christina Latham-Koenig
Paul Seligson
OXFORD
U N IV E R S IT Y PRESS
Paul Seligson and Clive Oxenden are the

original co-authors of English File 1 (pub. 1996)
and English File 2 (pub. 1997).
Contents Grammar Vocabulary Pronunciation
4 Q Who's who? word order in questions common verb phrases, vowel sounds, the alphabet
classroom language
6 B Who knows you better? simple present family, personality adjectives third person and plural -s
8 Q At the Moulin Rouge present continuous the body, prepositions of place vowel sounds
10 El The Devil's Dictionary defining relative clauses (a person expressions for paraphrasing: pronunciation in a dictionary
who..., a thing that...) like, for example, etc.
12 P ractical E nglish At the airport
13 W ritin g Describing yourself
14 R e v ie w & C heck What do you remember? What can you do?
16 Right place, wrong time simple past: regular and irregular verbs vacations -ed endings, irregular verbs
18 A moment in time past continuous prepositions of time and place: 3 and sr
at, in, on
20 Fifty years of pop music questions with and without auxiliaries question words, pop music av /and h
22 One October evening so, because, but, although verb phrases the letter a
24 P ractical E n g lish At the conference hotel
25 W r itin g The story behind a photo
28 Q Where are you going? going to, present continuous look ( for, through, etc.) sentence stress
(future arrangements)
30 Q The pessimist's phrase book will/ won't (predictions) opposite verbs contractions (will/ won't),
/a/and oo
32 B I'll always love you will1 won't (promises, offers, verb +back word stress: two-syllable words
decisions)
34 EJ 1was only dreaming review of tenses: present, past. verbs +prepositions sentence stress
and future
36 P ractical E nglish Restaurant problems
37 W ritin g An informal letter
38 Review & Check What do you remember? What can you do?
40 Q From rags to riches present perfect (experience) +ever, clothes vowel sounds
never, present perfect or simple past?
42 Q Family conflicts present perfect verb phrases h , y , and dj/
+yet and already
44 B Faster, faster! comparatives, as.. .as/less...than... time expressions: spend time, sentence stress
waste time, etc.
46 Q The world's friendliest city superlatives (+ ever+present perfect) opposite adjectives word stress
48 P ractical E n g lish Lost in San Francisco
49 W r itin g Describing where you live
52 Are you a party animal? uses of the infinitive verbs +infinitive word stress
54 O What makes you feel good? uses of the -ing form verbs followed by -ing 0
56 B How much can you learn have to, don't have to, must, modifiers: a little (bit), extremely, sentence stress
in a month? must not, can't fairly, really, etc.
58 Q The name of the game expressing irovemant prepositions of movement, sports prepositions
60 P r a c tic a l English At a department store
61 W ritin g A formal e-mail
62 Review & Check What do you remember? What can you do?
Grammar Vocabulary Pronunciation
64 Q If something bad can /7+present; will +base form confusing verbs vowels
happen, it will (first conditional)
66 Q Never smile at a crocodile //+ past; would +base form animals stress and rhythm
(second conditional)
68 B Decisions, decisions may {might (possibility) word building: noun formation sentence stress, -ion endings
70 Q What should 1do? should/shouldn't get /of, sentence stress
72 P ractical E n g lish At the pharmacy
73 W r itin g Writing to a friend
76 C3 Famous fears and phobias present perfect +/brand since words related to fear /i/and /ai/, sentence stress
78 Born to direct present perfect or simple past? biographies word stress
80 B 1used to be a rebel usedto school subjects: history, sentence stress
geography, etc. used to/ didn't use to
82 The mothers of invention passive verbs: invent, discover, etc. -ed, sentence stress
84 P ractical E nglish A boat trip
85 W ritin g Describing a building
88 I hate weekends! something, anything, nothing, etc. adjectives ending in -edand -ing Id, /oo/,and /a/
90 Q How old is your body? quantifiers, too, not enough, health and lifestyle: use sunscreen, etc. /a/, / u / ( /a i/, /s/; linking
92 Waking up is hard to do word order of phrasal verbs phrasal verbs /g/ and /dy
94 "I'm Jim." "So am 1." so / neither+auxiliaries similarities vowel and consonant sounds,
sentence stress
96 P ractical E nglish On the phone
97 W ritin g Giving your opinion
100 Q What a week! past perfect adverbs: suddenly, immediately, etc. review of vowel sounds,
sentence stress
102 Then he kissed me reported speech say, tell, or askl rhyming verbs
104 Grammar
Quick grammar check for each File
106 Vocabulary, Pronunciation
Quick check of vocabulary, sounds, and word stress
108 Communication
118 Audioscripts
Look out for Study Link
126 Grammar Bank
This shows you where to find extra material for
144 Vocabulary Bank
more practice and review.
156 Sound Bank
G word order in questions
V common verb phrases, classroom language
P vowel sounds, the alphabet
What do you do? Where do you live?
1 INTRODUCING YOURSELF
Hi. I'm
a Introduce yourself to all the other students. Try to remember their names, Hello. I'm
Nice to meet you.
b Can you remember? Does anybody in the class have...?
a very long name an unusual name a very traditional name
a very short name the same name as a famous person the same name as another student
a name thats difficult to spell from your country
2 GETTING TO KNOW EACH OTHER

a Complete the groups of questions 1-5 below with a verb.
b M Listen and repeat the FR EE T IM E questions. Copy the rhythm.
c In pairs, ask and answer the questions. c^vife live in the city and we do yoga.
Can you fmd two things you have in common?
2 JOB/STUDIES
What d o y o u ?
1 HOME AND FAMILY Where do yo u ? What school / university do you to?

W here you from ?
Do y o u
I your job?
i
What y e a r_____you in?
Where d o y o u ?
Do yo u any brothers and sisters? Do y o u any foreign languages? Which?
4 THE FUTURE
Where are you going t o after the class?
What are you going t o this weekend?
3 FREE TIME 5 THE PAST

What kind of music do you to? Where you bom?
Do y o u a musical instrument? Which? Where did y o u English before?
Do you TV? What programs? What did y o u last summer?
Do y o u any sports? Which ones?
What books or magazines do y o u ?
3 GRAMMAR word order in questions 5 CLASSROOM LANGUAGE
a Can you rem em ber the questions? Reorder the words. a Complete the teacher s and students phrases.
1 from are you where?
2 watch you do TV?
3 to music you what kind of listen do?
4 English where you before did study?
5 are do what you weekend going this to?
b O p.126 Grammar Bank 1A. Read the rules and do
the exercises.
4 LISTENING & SPEAKING

a >-2 Listen and choose a or b.
--------- b p.144 Vocabulary Bank Classroom language.
Days of
1 What day of the week is the test? 6 PRONUNCIATION vowel sounds,
a Tuesday b Thursday the alphabet
2 What day is it today? a How do you pronounce the letters of the alphabet
b Monday below? Use the sound pictures to help you.
a Sunday
%
Telling the time
mm
r A H K
i .
3 What time is it?

a 8:35 b 925 B C D E P T V Z
4 What time does the class start?

F L M N S
a 9:45 b 10:15
3 When was the woman born?

a August 21st bAug
6 What day does he want tickets for?

a li i b :jy Q U
7 What number is the house?

a 117 b 170
b Complete the alphabet chart with these letters.
8 How much are the flowers? Y R J X O
W
a S i5 b $50
c Practice saying the letters o f the alphabet.
b In pairs, ask and answer the questions. d In pairs, play W hat does it mean? Think of six
What day is it today? words that you can spell and pronounce. Then
test another pair.
What days do you have your English class?
What time does the class start and finish? What does "awful" mean?
Very bad.
What time is it now?
How do you spell it?

A-W-F-U-L.
What's the number of your house or apartment?
5
G simple present
V family, personality adjectives
P third person and plural -s He likes movies.
He doesn't smoke.
Who knows you better?
1 VOCABULARY family, personality adjectives Who know s you better,

Can you rem em ber these words?
Do the puzzle in pairs. your fam ily or your friends?
1 The opposite of thin or slim is ... In our weekly "test," single people who are looking for a partner
2 Your brothers wife is your ... ask their mother and their best friend to help. The mother
3 Your sisters daughter is your ... chooses one partner and the best Mend chooses another.
4 Your mothers brother is your ... The test is to see who can choose the best partner!
5 Your aunts children are your ... This week's single man is Richard Taylor, a 26-year-old
6 Light hair is the opposite of ... hair. musician from Vancouver, Canada. His mother, Meg, chooses
7 The opposite of short is ... one woman, and his best friend, Danny, chooses another. Then
8 Your brothers, sisters, Richard goes on a date with each woman. Which woman does
cousins, etc. are your ...
he prefer? Who knows him better, his mother or his best
friend? Who chooses the right woman for him?
b W hats the mystery word ?

c O p.145 Vocabulary Bank Adjectives. Do part 1.
2 READING
a W ho do you think knows you better, your family
or your friends? Why?
a I usually work in Canada, but sometimes I work abroad, too
When I'm not working, I like going to the movies and eating in
b Read the introduction to the article.
nice restaurants. I don't like sports very much, and I don't
1 Who is Richard?
exercise, but at least I don't smoke.
2 Who is Danny?
3 What do Richards mother and Danny try to do? I think I'm open and friendly - I get along well with most
4 What does Richard have to do? people - but I can be kind of shy, too. For example,
I don't like going to parties. I prefer to meet friends
c Now read w hat Richard says. M ark the sentences
individually or in small groups.
T (true) or F (false). Correct the false ones.
I like intelligent, funny women who make me laugh, and
1 He sometimes travels for his job. T
2 Hes friendly and outgoing. ideally who love music. Physically, I prefer women with dark
3 He likes music and parties. hair who are not taller than me. And I like women who are
4 He prefers women who are shorter than he is. good listeners.
5 He likes women who talk a lot. I'm sure that my friend Danny knows me better than my family
6 He doesnt talk to his family about women. because we often talk about girlfriends and the problems we have. I
7 His mother doesnt think hes good at choosing girlfriends. don't usually talk to my family about that kind of thing. My mom
d Guess the meaning of the highlighted words always says that I look for the wrong kind of woman, but that's
or phrases. what mothers always say!
3 GRAMMAR simple present 5 PRONUNCIATION -sendings
a Com plete the questions about Richard. a - 15 Listen and repeat.
Where does he l i v e _________ ?
He works abroad.
In Vancouver, Canada.
She likes good food.
1 W h at______________ do?
Hes a musician. She laughs a lot.
2 W here________ He plays the piano.
In Canada and abroad.
She lives in Mexico.
smoke?
He enjoy comedies.
No, he doesnt.
exercise much? She exercises every day.
No, he doesnt. /iz/ He relaxes at night.
What kind of women She dresses very well.
Intelligent and funny ones.
6 _____________________ to his mother about girls?
b How do you say the he / she / it form o f these verbs?
No, he doesnt.
choose cook go know stop teach
b p.126 Grammar Bank IB . Read the rules and
do the exercises. c How do you say the plural o f these nouns?
c Cover the text. In pairs, try to remember five book friend language niece parent party
things about Richard.
He lives in Vancouver. d 1*6 Listen and repeat the verbs and nouns.
d Look at the photos of Claire and Rosa.
6 SPEAKING
a W ork in pairs, A and B. T hink of a person you know
well, a family m em ber or a friend, who is single. You
are going to tell your p artner about him / her. Look at
the chart below and prepare what you are going to say.
NAME?
AGE?
JOB/STUDIES?
HIS FRIEND'S CHOICE HIS MOTHER'S CHOICE
Claire
a
Rosa
j t f f j riljjflqpjW iapgy,-1'I.**-W -
LIVES IN?
o Communication Claire and Rosa A p. 108 B p.112.
PHYSICAL APPEARANCE?
W ho do you think is m ore Richards type? Why?
PERSONALITY?
4 LISTENING
a Listen to Richard talking about w hat happened SMOKES?
when he m et Claire and Rosa. Does he like them?
W hat are the problems? LIKES?
I-3 Claire t J-4 Rosa
DOESNT LIKE?
b Now listen again and write any adjectives or
expressions that Richard uses to describe Claire
b A describe your person to B.
and Rosa.
B listen and ask for m ore inform ation. Do you know
Claire Very friendly Rosa Very attractive anybody who would be a good partner for this person?
c W ho knows Richard better, his m other or Then change roles.
Danny? Are you surprised?
V the body, prepositions of place
P vowel sounds The woman on the right
is wearing a hat.
3 GRAMMAR present continuous

a Look at the painting A t the M oulin Rouge . In pairs,
ask and answer the questions.
1 What clothes are the people wearing?
2 What are the people at the table doing?
3 What are the two women in the back doing?
4 What are the two men in the back doing?
5 Describe the woman on the right. What do you think
7
shes doing?
6 One of the people in the painting is the artist,
Toulouse-Lautrec. Which person do you think he is?
I think the artist is the tall man who is
sitting between the two women.
Portrait of Dora Maar (1937) Pablo Picasso
a Look at this painting. Do you like it? Why (not)? b Underline the correct form of the verb.
1 In the picture the men wear / are wearing hats.
b Label the w om ans face with words from the box.
2 In some countries women often wear / are wearing
ear eyes hair lips mouth neck nose hats to weddings.
3 Karina usually sits / is sitting at the front of the class,
c o p.146 Vocabulary Bank The body. 4 Today she sits / is sitting at the back.
d In pairs, how many words can you remember c O p.126 Grammar Bank 1C. Read the rules and do
in two minutes?
the exercises.
2 PRONUNCIATION vowel sounds

4 LISTENING
a Look at the sound pictures. W hat are the words
a 18 Listen to a guide in an art gallery talking
and sounds?
about A t the M oulin Rouge. Answer the questions.
I LA I 1 What was the Moulin Rouge famous for?
2 Who did Toulouse-Lautrec include in his paintings
and posters?
3 Which person is Toulouse-Lautrec?
4 Why do some people think he liked painting the
dancers?
()
b Listen again. Write the num bers of the people next
to their names.
Toulouse- Lautrec
b *-7 Put the words in the correct columns.
His cousin Gabriel "Tl
Listen and check.

His friend, a photographer
arms bite ears eyes head hear heart Jane Avril, a dancer
nose shoulders smell stomach touch La Macarona, a dancer
La Goulue, a singer
c p.157 Sound Bank. Look at the typical spellings
for these sounds.
6
At the Moulin Rouge (1892/5) Henri Marie Raymond de Toulouse-Lautrec
5 SPEAKING b o Communication Describe and draw A p. 108

a Match the prepositions with the pictures. B p.112. Describe your picture for your partner
to draw.
behind between in in front of in the middle next to
c In small groups, ask and answer the questions.
on on the left on the right across from under
1 Do you paint or draw? What kinds of things?
2 Do you have a favorite painter? Who?
3 Do you have a favorite painting? What?
Can you describe it?
4 What pictures or posters do you have on the wall
in your bedroom or living room?
d Look again at the paintings in this lesson (here
3 Ob and on pages 108 and 112). Which one would
you choose to have in your house or apartment?
8
oo 6 i.9 SO NC J] Ain't got no - 1got life

o
O u
10 11
G defining relative clauses (a person who.. a thing that,..)
V expressions for paraphrasing: like, for example, etc.
P pronunciation in a dictionary A dentist is a person who
takes care of your teeth.
The Devil's Dictionary
1 READING 2 GRAMMAR defining relative clauses

a Look at the dictionary definition. W hat do you think a Read the definitions in le again. W hen do
the missing word is? we use who, thaty and where ?
is a person who puts metal in your mouth b o p.126 Grammar Bank ID. Read the
and takes coins out of your pocket. rules and do the exercises.
c Tell a partner about three o f the things

b Read the text once. W here is the definition from? below. Say why.
A different kind of dictionary

a person who is very important to you
a famous person who you like a lot
A
mbrose Bierce was a 19th-century American author and journalist.
His most popular book is probably the Devil's Dictionary, written something that you couldnt live without
i between 1881 and 1887. Bierce's dictionary does not contain a thing that you often lose
normal definitions - his definitions are funny and cynical. For example, a place where youd like to go for
in a normal dictionary, the definition of dentist is a special evening
"a kind of doctor who takes care of people's teeth."
a place where you were very happy
But in the Devil's Dictionary, the definition of dentist
is "a person who puts metal in your mouth and takes
when you were a child
coins out of your pocket." Today on the Internet you
can find many websites with more modern versions
of the Devil's Dictionary.
c Read the text again and answer the questions.

1 Who was Ambrose Bierce?
2 What is the normal definition of dentist?
3 Where can you find modern versions of the Devil's Dictionary?
d In pairs, think o f norm al definitions for these words or phrases.

a bank a boring person the brain a movie star a friend a secret
Now m atch the words / phrases in d to these cynical definitions,
___________ is a person who works 4 ___________ is somebody who

all her life to become famous and then dislikes the same people as you.
wears sunglasses so people dont
recognize her.
___ isaplacewhere you
can borrow money only if you can
is something that you show that you dont need it.
only tell one person.
is something that
is somebody who starts working when you get up in
talks about himself when you want the morning and stops working when
to talk about vourself. you get to work or school.
3 LISTENING 5 SPEAKING
i i-io Listen to the introduction to a TV game show, a i-w Listen to the definitions and com plete
h a t's the word? How do you play the game? the crossword.
b Ll 1 Now listen to the show. Write down the six answers. i 2

I _________________ 4 ___________
: _________ 5 ____________
3 ___________ 6 ___________
c i-U Listen and check your answers.
4 VOCABULARY paraphrasing
* WTiats the best thing to do if youre talking to som eone
in English and you dont know a word th at you need?
a Panic and stop talking,
b Try to mime the word. b O Communication Crossword A p. 108
c Try to explain what you mean using other words you know. B p. 112. Give each other definitions to complete
the missing words in the crossword.
b >13 Com plete the useful expressions w ith these
words. Then listen and check.
6 PRONUNCIATION using a dictionary
example how kind like opposite person
a Look at the two dictionary extracts. How do
place similar somebody thing
you pronounce the words?
i
busy / bizi/ adi having a lot of work or tasks to do
Useful expressions guitar /gitar/ n a musical instrument with strings
explaining a word that you don't know
This mark () shows stress. The stressed syllable
1 It'S who works in a restaurant. is the one after the stress mark.
2 It's the who takes the food from the kitchen to the tables. b Look carefully at the pronunciation of the words
below. Practice saying them correctly,
3 It's a where you go when you want to buy something.
laugh /laef/ eyes /aiz/ example /ig 'zaempl/
4 It's a that you use to talk. keys/kiz/ kind/kam d/ eighteen/ei'tin/
5 It's a of machine.
6 It's the of fat.
7 It's thin, but it means "thin and attractive."
8 It's to worried.
9 It's you feel when you have a lot of things to do.
10 For , you do this with the TV.
c Complete the definitions for these words.

1 a tourist Its somebody...
2 a gym Its a place...
3 a key It's a thing...
4 worried Its how you feel. ..
5 laugh You do this ...
airport P r a c t ic a l E n g lish
THE STORY SO FAR

1-15 Listen to the story o f M ark
and Allie. Answer the questions.
1 Where are Mark and Allie from?
2 What company do they work for?
3 Where did they meet?
4 What did thev do?
5 Did they get along well?
6 Whats Mark doing now?
AT IMMIGRATION
a 116 Cover the dialogue and listen. How long is going
to stay in the United States?
YOU HEAR YOU SAY
Good evening, maam . Good evening.

are you arriving from? From London.
the purpose of your visit? Business. Im here
for a conference.
long are you staying
in the US? A week.
are you staying? In San Francisco.
At the Pacific View Hotel.
b Listen again. Com plete the YOU HEAR phrases.
you know anybody here? Yes, Mark Ryder.
he family or a friend? Hes a colleague - and a friend. c 1-17Listen and repeat the YOU SAY phrases.
you have his phone number? Yes, his mobile is 405-655-7182. Copy the rhythm .
this your first visit d In pairs, role-play the conversation.
to the US? Yes, it is. A (book open) youre the immigration officer,
Enjoy your stay in San Francisco. Thank you. B (book closed) youre Allie. Change roles.
SOCIAL ENGLISH Allie arrives

a 118 Listen. Answer the questions.
1 How long was Allies flight?
US English UK English
2 Why couldnt she sleep?
3 What time is it...? parking lot car park
a in San Francisco b in London cell phone mobile
4 Where is Mark going to take her?
5 Where is Marks car?
b Complete the USEFUL PHRASES. USEFUL PHRASES
Listen again and check. M You look g !
M How was the f ?
c 1-19 Listen and repeat the
M You must be really t _
phrases. How do you say them
M Im so p you came!
in your language?
A Its great to see you a____
Study Link I MultiROM

Describing yourself W ritin g n \
i Read the e-mail. The com puter has found ten mistakes.
They are either gram m ar, punctuation, or spelling. Can you correct them?
1H , -
From: Alessandra [[email protected]]
To: Daniel [[email protected]]
Subject: Hi from Argentina
Hi Daniel,
My names Alessandra. Its an italian name because my grandmother was from
Italy, but Im Argentinian. I live in Mendoza, a big city in the west of the country. I
live with my parents and my two brothers. I have 19 years old, and Im in college.
Im studing computer science. Im in my first year, and I really like it.
Im going to tell you about myself. As you can see from the foto, I have long,
light brown hair and greens eyes. I wear glasses, but I want to get contact lenses
soon.
I think Im a positive person. Im pretty outgoing and frendly. My mother says
Im very talkative - I think she mean that I talk too much!
In my free time I love reading and going to the movies. But I dont have much
free time becuase I have classes every day, and a lot of work to do even on
weekends. I also go to English classes on friday afternoon.
Please write soon and tell me about you and your life.
Best wishes,
Alessandra
b Read the e-m ail again from the beginning. Then cover it and answer the questions from memory.
1 Where is Alessandra from?
2 Why does she have an Italian name?
3 Where does she live?
4 Who does she live with?
5 What does she do?
6 What color are her eyes?
7 Is she shy?
8 What does she like to do in her free time?
9 When does she go to English classes?
i
WRITE a similar e-mail about you. Write four paragraphs. <D
Do you know these e-mail verbs?
Paragraph 1 name, nationality, age, family, work / study
open reply
Paragraph 2 physical appearance
close send
Paragraph 3 personality
save print
Paragraph 4 hobbies and interests
delete
1
CHECK the e-mail for mistakes
( gram m ar , punctuation , and spelling ).
13
1 \ What do you remember?
GRAMMAR VOCABULARY
Circle the correct answer, a} b, or c. a classroom language
Whats name? Com plete the sentences with one word.
a vours vour
4 c you S it down and open your books.
1 A What ?
1 ________ do you say coche in English?
B Im a student, 2 What does abroad ________ ?
a you do 3 G o _________page 78, please.
b do you do 4 See y o u _____
_______Monday!
c do you work 5 _______ a good weekend.
2 W here from?
a your parents are b w o rd g ro u p s
b is your parents Underline the word th at is different.
c are your parents third seventh eighteen twentieth
3 David like sports?
1 uncle grandfather niece husband
a Does
2 shy tall dark slim
b Is 3 stingy unfriendly lazy generous
c Do 4 arms ears eyes fingers
4 L iz____ at an elementary school. 5 mouth blond head nose
a teach
b teachs c d efin itio n s
c teaches Read the definitions. W rite the word.
5 Sonia _____ a job. Its the place where you sleep. bed
a hasnt 1 Its the opposite of lazy.
b doesnt have 2 Its a place where you can buy stamps.
c dont have 3 Its a person who plays a musical instrument.
6 a picture in your bedroom? 4 Its a verb. You do it when youre thirsty.
a Is there 5 Its a kind of food, for example, macaroni.
b Is it
c There is PRONUNCIATION
7 The girl in the painting__ a U nderline the letter or w ord with a different sound.
a blue dress.
a wears
b wearing 1 B E
c is wearing
8 You dont need an umbrella. I t ____ L _l abroad walk along dont
a isnt raining
b doesnt rain person word third heart
c not raining
9 Shes the w om an____ works chair parents hear wear
in the office.
a what
b which give shv quiet eyes
c who
10 I need a workbook ___ has all b U nderline the stressed syllable,
the answers.
information
a what
b that relax university exercise stomach example
c who
What can you do? R e v ie w & C heck
i
CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THIS TEXT?

a. Read the article and m atch the headings Not next to me, please!
with paragraphs A-D. When you're traveling by plane or train, there are some
Space invaders passengers you just don't want to have next to you..*
Small children _ ! i L A _________
Conversation makers D Perhaps you normally like them, but when you are sitting next to
Nervous fliers _i them on a plane, its a different thing. They usually spend the whole
flight moving around and 1 dropping their toys on the floor, and
b Put a check ( / ) next to the things the when they're drinking their orange juice it ends up on your clothes.
w riter says. Then they decide they want to play with you, so you cant have the
1 You cant sleep if there are children next to you. little nap that you were planning.
I Children eat all your food. B __________
5 Some people want to talk all through the flight. You 2 recognize this type as soon as you sit down. They immediately
start talking about the plane, or the weather, or they ask you a personal
4 "Space invaders have long arms and legs.
question. Its very difficult not to talk to these people, and youll
5 Nervous fliers have a drink every five minutes. probably have to continue talking until the plane3 lands .
c W hat do the highlighted words mean?
Circle a or b. These are the people with pale faces who sit down and immediately
ask for a drink. Every five minutes they call a flight attendant to ask if
1 a letting (toys) fall from your hand
there are any problems with the plane. They also tell you about air
b putting (toys) somewhere disasters (which you are not interested in!). The best thing to do is
2 a say hello to to 4 pretend to sleep.
b know and understand
3 a goes into the air These people are not necessarily very big, but they have a terrible
b touches the ground habit of taking up all their space, and some of your space, too.
4 a try to do something They usually sit so that you cant move, with their arms and legs
b give the impression of doing something in your space. They also have a lot of hand luggage, which takes
up all the5 room in the overhead compartment.
5 a space
b seat
CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THESE PEOPLE? CAN YOU SAY THIS IN ENGLISH?
a 1.20 Listen to five short conversations. Circle the correct a Can you...? Yes (-/)
answer: a> b, or c. give personal information about yoursell
1 Her party is o n _________ talk about a person in your family
a Wednesday the 6th b Saturday the 9th c Friday the 8th [ j describe a picture you have in your home
2 How old is his mother? i give definitions for these words
a 59 b 50 c 60
3 Mr. Wong has a problem i n ________ journalist hospital guidebook airplane
a his left leg b his right knee c his left knee
4 John doesnt like the painting o f ________ . b Com plete the questions with is, are, do , or does.
a the woman b the boy c the guitar 1 What kind of books you read?
5 The woman wants to b u y ___. 2 there an art gallery in your town? Where?
a a computer b a digital camera c a USB cable 3 W hat your friends usually do on weekends?
b i-2i Listen to a w om an showing her friend some photos. 4 your town have a local festival? When?
Com plete the sentences with a nam e. 5 What do you think your parents doing
right now?
Martin Alice Bill Serena Gary
c Ask your p artn er the questions in b. Ask for
1 is in college. m ore inform ation.
2 _____ doesnt live in the United States.
3 wears glasses.
4 ___ __ doesnt like sports.
5 isnt very hardworking.
V vacations
P -ed endings, irregular verbs When did you
I went when
1 VOCABULARY vacations
a In one minute, write down five things you like doing when youre on vacation.
b O p.147 Vocabulary Bank Vacations.

The Travel Magazine
In the right place... but at the wrong time!
Last week we asked you to tell us about a vacation when the destination was perfect
but, for some reason, the time wasnt right... Here are some of your replies.
Tim, 20, student Gabriela, 28, m arketing manager

from San Antonio, Texas from Rome, Italy
When I was a teenager, I went on I'm from Rome, and the summer here is Three years ago I broke up with my
vacation with my parents to the really hot. So last year my husband and I boyfriend, and I decided to go on vacation
Gulf Coast in Texas. My parents decided to go to Sweden, to escape from by myself to the Seychelles. My travel agent
rented a fabulous house on the the heat. We booked a 10-day vacation in told me that it was a wonderful place. But
beach, and the weather was great. Stockholm, where the temperature in the he didn't tell me it was also a very popular
But I was 17, and I didn't want to summer is normally about 20 degrees place for people on their honeymoon.
be on vacation with my mom and centigrade. But when we got to Everywhere I looked, I saw couples holding
dad and my little brother. I wanted Stockholm, there was a heat wave, hands and looking romantically into each
to be with my friends. We went to and it was 35 C every day. It was awful other's eyes! The travel agent also said it was
the beach every day and sunbathed, because there was no air-conditioning always sunny there but the weather was
and we went to a fantastic seafood anywhere. We couldn't sleep at night terrible it was cloudy and windy. To pass
restaurant for my birthday. But I was it was boiling in the hotel, and in the the time, I decided to take a diving course
miserable and hated every minute stores and museums, too. We didn't (one of my lifetime ambitions). But it was a
of it. I didn't smile once in two want to go shopping or go sightseeing or complete disaster because the first time
weeks. What really made me furious do anything. We were too hot. We just I went under the water, I had a panic attack.
was that my parents let my older sat in cafes and argued all day. We didn't I couldn't escape from the island, so I spent
sister, who was 19, go to Mexico need to go to Sweden to do that! an incredibly boring (and expensive) two
with her friends. weeks in "paradise."
2 READING
i Read the three letters to The Travel Magazine and match
them with the photos.
? Complete the sentences with Tim, Gabriela, or Kelly.

1 wanted to go somewhere warm and sunny.
2 ______wanted to go somewhere cool.
3 had great food.
4 wanted to forget somebody
5 had trouble sleeping.
6 wanted to go on vacation with different people. 5 LISTENING
a 2-3 Listen to the story about Bill s uncle
; Find four adjectives in the article th at m ean very good and
and aunt. W hy was the vacation a disaster?
two that mean very bad. U nderline the stressed syllable.
1 Because the weather was awful.
fabulous (text 1)
2 Because the place was very noisy.
3 Because they argued a lot.
3 GRAMMAR simple past: regular and irregular verbs
i \Vhat is the simple past of these verbs? Are they regular
b Listen again. Correct the wrong inform ation.
or irregular? Check your answers with text 1. 1 Bill went to Ibiza.
His aunt and uncle went to Ibiza.
be go re n t_____
2 Theyre about sixty.
w an t sunbathe m ake le t_____
3 They wanted an exciting vacation.
b Now u n d erline the other |_+ simple past verbs in 4 They usually spend their vacation abroad.
texts 2 and 3. W hat are the base forms? 5 They knew it was the party island.
6 They first went there in the 1950s.
c Underline two negative simple past verbs in the 7 They booked the vacation at a travel agency.
magazine article. How do you make negatives and 8 The hotel was in a quiet part of town.
questions in the simple past...?
9 Theyre going to go abroad again next year.
with normal verbs
with was / were
with could 6 SPEAKING
a Think about your answers to these questions.
d p.128 Grammar Bank 2A. Read the rules and do
the exercises.
4 PRONUNCIATION -ed endings, irregular verbs Where / go? When?
A Remember! There are three possible pronunciations

Who / go with?
of regular -ed verbs. How / get there?
a 2*1 Listen and repeat the sentences. W hen do you Where / stay?
pronounce the e in - ed?. How long / be / there?
% /id/ I have good weather?
\Ve booked a vacation. We sunbathed. They rented a house. What / do during the day?
We walked to the hotel. We argued all day I decided to go to Hawaii. What / do at night?
b How do you pronounce the simple past of these verbs? / have a good time?
ask hate need smile stay talk / have any problems?
c i 2.2 ^ Listen and check. b W ork in pairs.
Ask a partner about his / her vacation.
d Circle the irregular verb with the different vowel sound. Listen and ask for more information.
1 bought saw told caught
2 put spoke took could c Change roles.
3 paid said made came
G past continuous
V prepositions of time and place: at, in, on
/a/ and, sr
moment in
1 GRAMMAR past continuous

a Look at the photos. Where are they? V/hat do you think b Read the text and m atch paragraphs 1-3
is happening? with the photographs.
spent 50 years
a r r y b enson
H taking dramatic and memorable

photographs for international
newspapers and magazines. Here he talks
about three of his best-known pictures.
I took this picture on August 9th, 1974.

I He was saying good-bye to his cabinet and the
White House staff after the "Watergate" scandal.
His family was standing around him. You can
see from their faces what they were feeling.
2
In 1989,1was working on a story in
London, when suddenly I heard the news
that the Russians were planning to make Berlin
an open city. So I got on a plane. When I arrived
in Berlin, many people, young and old, were
attacking the wall with stones. The woman in
the photo was shouting, "I hate it, I hate it."
When I took this photo, we were in a hotel

3 room in Paris in 1964. John and Paul were
at the piano, and at first nothing much was
happening, but suddenly they became
completely focused. First the melody came,
and then the words. "Baby's good to me you
know, she's happy as can be you know ...."
They were composing their song I Feel Fine.
c Read the texts again. Cover them and try

to remember. V/hat was happening when
he took the photos?
When he took the photo in Berlin, people were
attacking the wall, and a woman was shouting.
d Look at the highlighted verbs in paragraph 1.

Y/hat tense are they? W hats the difference?
e O p.128 Grammar Bank 2B. Read the rules
and do the exercises.
2 READING & LISTENING
. 1 ook at the photo on the right. W hat can you see?
"here are the people? W hat are they doing?
: ? rad what the photographer says and check your answers to a.
' .hat happened to the photo? V/hat happened 30 years later?
: 4 Now listen to M arinette and H enri talking about

their photo. Are they still in love?
: 1 'ten again and m ark the sentences T (true) or F (false).
1 They always knew that their photo was famous.
1 Marinette saw the book with their photo in a bookstore.
When the photographer took the photo, they were laughing.
- Marinette wanted Henri to stand near her.
5 They didnt know that the photographer was taking their photo. It was March 1957, and I was taking photographs
6 Henri was trying to kiss Marinette. in Paris. One afternoon I went up the Bastille,
Henri thinks they were arguing about their wedding. and I saw two lovers on a balcony. They were
> They got married a year after the photo. standing very near each other. They were talking.
9 Marinette and Henri work together every day. I took just one photo and they didn't hear me.
10 She says that she and Henri are very similar. I called it Lovers at the Bastille. Luckily for me this
photo became very popular in France. Soon
posters and postcards with my picture of the two
3 VOCABULARY at, in, on lovers were everywhere. But I never knew who
the two young people were. They never
i Complete the sentences with at, in, or on.
contacted me.
1 President Nixon left the White H ouse August 9th, 1974.
Thirty years later I had an exhibition of my
I The Beatles were a hotel ro o m Paris 1964.
photos in Paris. I was talking to some friends
3 Willy Ronis took the photo the balcony March 1957.
when suddenly a man came up to me and said,
4 The young couple went up to the balcony 3:00 in the afternoon.
I know your two lovers. They live near here.
- Henri and Marinette see each other every day, home
I can take you there if you want. I immediately
and work.
decided to go and meet them. This was their
O p.148 Vocabulary Bank Prepositions. Do part 1. story.
4 PRONUNCIATION te/ and h r !

A 3/ is the most common sound in English.
a 2.5 Listen and repeat the sound words and sounds, 5 SPEAKING
b 26 Listen to these words and underline the stressed syllable, a O Communication Famous photos
A p.109 B p.113. Tell your p artner about a
about exhibition photographer together balcony October
fam ous photo.
c Listen again and repeat the words. Practice making the b Talk to a partner. Ask m ore questions
h / and h r l sounds. if you can.
d 2.7 Listen and repeat the dialogue. Copy the rhythm. Do you have a photo you really like? Who took
A Where were you at six oclock in the evening? it? W hat was happening at the time?
B I was at work. Do you have any photos in your bedroom
A What were you doing? or living room?
B I was having a meeting with the boss. Do you like taking photos?
Who is good at taking photos in your family?
e In pairs, take turns answering the questions about yesterday.
Do you like being in photos?
Where were you a t...? What were you doing?
6:00 p.m. 6:30 a.m. 3:00 p.m. 11:00 a.m. lunchtime 10:00 p.m.
and without auxiiic
V question words, pop music
P /w/ and /h/
1 VOCABULARY & SPEAKING

a In pairs or groups, answer the questions,
1 What music / song / album do you like listening to...?
when youre happy when youre in a car
when youre sad when youre studying
when youre at a party when youre in love
2 Which is your favorite decade for pop music?
(the 1980s, 1990s, etc.)
3 Who are your favorite bands / singers of all time?
4 What was the last CD you bought?
b Complete the quiz questions with a question word.

How How many Where What How long
Which (x2) Why Who (x2) Whose When
c In pairs, answer the questions.
2 GRAMMAR questions with and without auxiliaries

a Cover the quiz and from m em ory complete the questions.
1 How lo n g the Beatles together?
2 W ho Hips D o n t Lie?
b Answer these questions.

1 How is question 1 different from question 2?
2 What is the subject of the verb in question 1?
3 What is the subject of the verb in question 2?
c O p.128 Grammar Bank 2C. Read the rules and

do the exercises.
m r n m m
in?er
Q of Q
^ ueen,
1 a 1981 b 1991 C 2001
a Heartbreak Hotel b Hotel California c Hilton Hotel

a For eight years b For thirteen years c For seventeen years
a Dido's b Barbra Streisand's c Madonna's
a He left the Rolling Stones. He became Sir Mick Jagger. c He divorced Jerry Hal!
a California Dreamin' b Good Vibrations c Like a Rolling Stone
a Britney Spears b Shakira c Beyonce

a Because they argued, b Because Kurt Cobain left, c Because Kurt Cobain died,
a Dire Straits b Genesis c Pink Floyd
a Four b Five c Six

a In a plane crash b He shot himself, c An accidental drug overdose
a Gwyneth Paltrow h Kate Winslet c Drew Barrymore

3 PRONUNCIATION /w/and/h/
_ Look at the two sound pictures.
WTiat are the words and sounds?
Write the words in the correct column.
ow what when where which who whose why
(?
k
Who wrote Imagine

2-8 Listen and check. Practice saying the words.
Imagine, John Lennons most famous song, was recently
i O p.159 Sound Bank. Look at the typical spellings voted Britains favorite song of all time. It is an idealistic
song about peace and the hope for a better world.
for these sounds.
Imagine all the people living life in peace. The song was
Listen and write the questions. Say the questions. a big hit in 1971, and again in 1980 after Lennon was
Copy the rhythm . murdered in New York. It became a hit for a third time
after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001.
But who really wrote the song? Until recently the answer to
4 SPEAKING
this question was always John Lennon. But on a TV program
0 Communication Music quiz A p. 109 B p.113. this week, Lennons wife, Yoko Ono, spoke for the first time
First write the questions. Then ask your partner about how she, in fact, helped write the song.
the questions. Ono said that the idea and inspiration for Imagine came from
some of her poems that John Lennon was reading at that time.
The poems began with the word imagine: Imagine a raindrop,
5 READING
Imagine a goldfish. Ono said, When I was a child in Japan
i Read the article once and m ark the sentences during the Second World War, my brother and I were terribly
T (true) or F (false). hungry. I imagined delicious menus for him, and he began to
1 Imagine was a hit three times. smile. If you think something is impossible, you can
imagine it and make it happen.
2 Yoko Ono helped write Imagine.
3 Ono wrote poems for John Lennon. In an interview just before he died, Lennon admitted that
4 Lennon never said that Yoko helped him with the song. Yoko deserved credit for Imagine. He said, A lot of it - the
5 Imagine was written in two places. lyrics and the concept - came from her, from her book of
poems, imagine this, imagine that. Lennon said that he
6 John Lennon opened the new Liverpool Airport.
was too macho to share the credit with her at the time.
b Read the article again. N um ber the sentences in the order Ono said that part of the song was written when they were
that things happened. flying across the Atlantic, and the rest was written on the
piano in their bedroom at their home in England. Ono said,
A John Lennon read Onos poems. C
The song speaks about John's dream for the world. It was
B John Lennon wrote Imagine. D something he really wanted to say. Imagine became a
C Yoko Ono helped her little brother. [T popular song for peace activists everywhere.
D John Lennon spoke about the song in an interview.
In March 2002 the airport in his home town of Liverpool
E Liverpool Airport was renamed John Lennon Airport. J was renamed John Lennon Airport. A sign above the main
F Yoko Ono spoke about the song on a TV program. HI entrance has a line from Imagine: Above us only sky.
G The song became a hit again after Lennon died. I]
H The song became popular again after September 11,2001.
6 12.10 1 SONG J] Imagine

V verb phrases
P the letter a She was going very fast because
she was in a hurry.
1 READING
A The next day Jamie called Hannah and invited her to dinner. He took her
to a very romantic restaurant, and they talked all evening. After that Jamie and
Hannah saw each other every day. Every evening when Hannah finished work,
they met at 5:30 in a coffee shop on Bridge Street. They were madly in love.
B Suddenly, a man ran across the street. He was wearing a dark coat, so
Hannah didn't see him until it was too late. Although she tried to stop, she hit the
man. Hannah panicked. She didn't stop, and she drove to the coffee shop as fast
as she could. But when she arrived, Jamie wasn't there. She called him, but his
cell phone was turned off, so she waited for ten minutes and then went home.
C I Hannah met Jam ie last summer. It was Hannah's twenty-first birthday,

and she and her friends went to a dub. They wanted to dance, but they didn't
like the music, so Hannah went to speak to the DJ. "This music is awful," she
said. "Could you play something else?" The DJ looked at her and said, "Don't
worry, ! have the perfect song for you."
Two hours later a police car arrived at Hannah's house. A policewoman

knocked at the door. "Good evening, ma'am," she said. "Are you Hannah Davis?
I'd like to speak to you. Can I come in?"
One evening in October, Hannah was at work. As usual she was going to
meet Jamie at 5:30. It was dark and it was raining. She looked at her watch. It was
5:20! She was going to be late! She ran to her car right away and got in. At 5:25 she
was driving along Bridge Street. She was going very fast because she was in a hurry.
Two minutes later he said, "The next song is by Coldplay. It's called Yellow,
and it's for a beautiful girl who's dancing over there." Hannah knew that the song
was for her because she was wearing a yellow dress. When Hannah and her
friends left the club, the DJ was waiting at the door. "Hi, I'm Jamie," he said to
Hannah. "Can I see you again?" So Hannah gave him her phone number.
a 2-11 Read the story and order the paragraphs 1-6. 2 GRAMMAR so, because, but, although
Listen and check. a Com plete these sentences from the story with
b Read the story again and answer the questions. so, because , but , or although. Use each word once.
1 When did Hannah meet Jamie? 1 She was going very f a s t _________ she was in a hurry.
2 Why did Hannah go and speak to Jamie in the club? 2 ___________ she tried to stop, she hit the man.
3 Why did Jamie play Yellow? 3 They wanted to dance,___________they didnt like
the music.
4 What happened when Hannah left the club?
5 Where did they go on their first date? 4 He was wearing a dark coat,____________Hannah didnt
see him.
6 Where did they go every evening?
7 What was the weather like that evening in October? b p.128 Grammar Bank 2D. Read the rules and do
8 Why was Hannah driving fast? the exercises.
9 Why didnt she see the man?
10 What did she do after the accident?
11 Was Jamie at the coffee shop?
12 What happened two hours later?
5 VOCABULARY verb phrases in a hurry
invite
[ike verb phrases with a verb from meet across the street
;ircle 1 and a phrase from circle 2. on the door
take
: . ite somebody to dinner knock a song/CD
to dinner
n Cover circle 1. Try to rem em ber play
be
the verb for each phrase. run in a coffee shop
wait somebody to a restaurant

try
to stop
4 PRONUNCIATION the letter a for somebody
H: nnah m et Jamie last summer.
A The letter a has different pronunciations.
Listen and repeat the sound words

2.12
in the chart. E
jM
J
2-13 Put these words in the right columns. madly later saw along
listen and check. panic take talk across
'Cross again all along although
. rrive away awful dance Liter
madly panicplay rain ran
romantic saw take talk wait
5 SPEAKING
i Read the story of H annah and Jamie in 1 again,

b In pairs, use the pictures 1-6 to retell the story.
6 LISTENING
i k Remember! W hen people speak fast, they link words together.
a 2.14That evening a policewoman went to b Now listen to the whole conversation. W hen the
2.15
Hannahs house. Listen to six extracts from teacher pauses the recording, answer the questions.
their conversation. W hat are the missing words? 1 What do you think the policewoman is going to say?
1 A policewoman____________ the door. 2 What do you think the bad news is?
2 C a n ___________________? 3 Do you think Jamie is OK?
3 Well, Im afraid I have____________ news for you. 4 Who do you think was driving the car?
4 It was a __________________________car. 5 Why do you think the policewoman wants to see
5 The police___________________ her. Hannahs car?
6 Did you know y o u r____________ is broken? Now close your books and listen again.
Can you follow the story?
CHECKING IN
216 Listen to Allie checking in. Answer the questions.
1 Does the receptionist call Allie Ms. Gray or Mrs. Gray?
2 How many nights is Allie staying?
3 Whats her room number?
4 What time is breakfast?
5 Which floor is the Pavilion Restaurant on?
US English elevator
SsJ
UK English lift
CALLING RECEPTION
a 2.17 Cover the dialogues and listen. W ho does Allie call? Why?
YOU HEAR YOU SAY
Hello, reception. Hello. This is room 419.

How can I help you? I have a problem with the
air-conditioning. It isnt working,
and its very hot in my room.
Im sorry, maam. Il l _____
someone up to look at it right now. Thank you.
service. Can I help you? Hello. This is room 419.
Can I have a tuna sandwich, please?
Whole wheat or bread? Whole wheat, please. b Listen again. Complete the YOU HEAR phrases.
or without mayo? Without. c 2.18 Listen and repeat the YOU SAY phrases.
With _______ or salad? Salad, please. Copy the rhythm .
to drink? Yes, a Diet Coke.
d In pairs, role-play the dialogues. A (book
With and lemon? Just ice.
open) youre the receptionist / room service,
Itll be there in five minutes, maam. Thank you.
B (book closed ) youre Allie. Change roles.
SOCIAL ENGLISH coffee before the conference

a 2.19 Listen and m ark the sentences T (true) or F (false)
1 Mark is going to take Allie to dinner tonight.
2 The cocktail party is on Thursday.
3 Allie wants to see the bay and the Golden Gate Bridge.
4 Brad is from the San Francisco office.
5 Brad offers to take Allie sightseeing.
b Com plete the USEFUL PHRASES, USEFUL PHRASES

Listen again and check. M Did you s___ well?
A How are t ___ ? M Theyre fine.
c Listen and repeat
2.20
A What are the p ____ for the week?
the phrases. How do you
M Allie, t is Brad Martin.
say them in your language?
M Its t to go.
Study Link MultiROM
Every week we ask readers to send in a favorite photo with
a short description of why the photo is important to them.
This week's winner is Dominic, a graphic designer from Chicago
1 One of my favorite photos is of a man cooking fish.
2 I took the photo 1 in the summer of 1999 when I was2 vacation

in Africa.
3 We were Zanzibar, and we were sailing around the islands. We

caught some fish and then landed 4 one of the islands. Our guide
made a fire and cooked the fish.
4 Richie, the guide, was a wonderful person, and he became a good friend.
He was also a fantastic cook. I can't remember exactly what kind of fish he
was cooking in the photo, but it tasted delicious!
5 I keep this photo the wall in my studio.5 a freezing cold day

in Chicago, I just have to look 7 it. Then memories of a wonderful
adventure come back, and I can imagine that I'm 8 sunny Africa again.
a M atch the questions w ith paragraphs 1-5. (T) You can keep a photo...
What was happening when you took the phot< an album.
Where do you keep it? Why do you like it? in your wallet.
Whats your favorite photo? your bedroom.
Who took it? When? Where? the wall.
on
a table.
by your bed.
b Com plete the text with at, in , or on.
WRITE about your favorite photo. Answer the questions in a in the right order.
CHECK your description for mistakes ( gram m ar , punctuation , and spelling ).
Attach a copy o f the photo if you can.
GRAMMAR VOCABULARY
Circle the correct answer, a, b, or c. a travel verbs
Whats name? Com plete the phrases w ith a verb.
a yours (^)your c you go shopping
1 W here on vacation last year? 1 ________ photos
a you went 2 ________ for a walk
b did you go 3 ________ at a hotel
c you did go 4 ________ two days in Rio / 1,000 yen
2 He didnt to go to the movies 5 ________ a good time
with us.
a wanted b p rep o sitio n s
b wants Com plete the sentences w ith at, in, or on.
c want Im sitting in a taxi.
3 W e_____ to San Francisco last summer.
1 We m e t a party.
a flown
2 The two lovers were talking a balcony
b fly
3 We were sitting the garden.
c flew
4 There was a p h o to the wall.
4 When I took the photo, you
looking at me. 5 I was waiting the bus stop.
a werent c q u estio n w ords
b wasnt
c didnt Complete the questions with a question word.
W hat__ doing when you Who was the Beaties drummer?
called him? 1 did the Beatles make their first record?
a he was 2 wrote their songs?
b was he 3 albums did they sell?
c were he
4 happened to them in the end?
W h o ____ that song?
5 of their songs do you like best? r i
a did write
b wrote
PRONUNCIATION
c did wrote
7 W hen ? a Underline the w ord w ith a different sound
a he died
b died he 1 a n wore forgot story airport
c did he die
8 She was driving fast__ she was late, took could found put
4
a although
b because shop choose exhibition musician
c so
the music was awful, we danced
all night. whose how who when
a But
b Although ob aryue jealous manager
c So
10 It was d ark,____ she didnt see him.
b Underline the stressed syllable,
a but
information
b so
c because incredible horrible photographer suddenly although
CAN YOU a Read the article and m ark the sentences T (true), F (false),
or DS (doesnt say).
1 Rachel and Jeremy were climbing for the first time.
Mountain climbers 2 They couldnt go down the mountain because of bad weather.
3 Avery was sleeping when Rachels message came.
rescued by text message 4 Avery called the mountain rescue team in Switzerland.
5 Rachels other four friends didnt reply.
6 The helicopter couldnt rescue them immediately.
7 Rachel and Jeremy spent three nights on the mountain.
8 They wanted to buy Avery a gift.
b Underline and learn six new words or expressions from
the article. Use your dictionary to check the m eaning and
pronunciation.
CAN YOU i 11 I
a 2.21 Listen and circle the correct answer: a, b, or c.
1 Where did the woman go on vacation this year?
a Peru b Mexico c Hawaii
2 What was the weather like in Toronto?
a It snowed. b It was hot. c It was sunny.
3 Where did the photographer take the photo of the actor?
a On the stairs b In the hotel lobby c On the street
Two British climbers were rescued yesterday after
4 What was the model doing when he took the photo?
sending an SOS text message to a friend in London.
a Talking b Reading c Walking on the runway
Rachel de Kelsey, 32, and a friend, Jeremy Colenso, 33, who 5 What year did the pop group make their last album?
are both experienced climbers, were on a mountain-climbing
vacation last week in Switzerland. But on Saturday night,
a 2003 b 2004 c 2005
when they were 3,000 meters up in the mountains, there was
a terrible storm. The wind was incredibly strong, and the
b 2.22 Listen to the story and m ark the sentences
snow was two meters deep. They couldnt move, so they had T (true) or F (false).
to spend the night on the mountain. Rachel had her cell 1 She was driving to work,
phone with her, so she sent a text message to five friends in
2 It was raining.
the UK, asking for help.
3 She saw a man in the middle of the road asking her to stop.
About four hours later, one of her friends, Avery Cunliffe in
4 The two men drove away in her car.
London, replied with a text message. Avery said, I dont
usually have my cell phone in the bedroom. At about 4 a. m .
5 She called the police on her cell phone.
I woke up and saw Rachels message. I found the number of
the police in Switzerland and called them. They contacted the
CAN YOU L
mountain rescue team.
a Can you...? Yes ( / )
But the weather was so bad that the helicopter couldnt get to
the two climbers. The rescue team sent a text message to H talk about your last vacation
Rachel and Jeremy telling them that they had to spend a LH talk about your favorite photo
second night on the mountain. The message said: So sorry
Rachel. We tried. Wind too strong. Have to wait till morning.
H talk about your favorite singer or group
Take care. Be strong. Rachel said, I thought we were going
to die. It was freezing, -15C, and really windy on the
b Com plete the questions with was , were , do, did , or -.
mountain. We spent the night talking and planning a vacation 1 What kind of books you read?
in the sun! 2 W here you at 9:00 this morning?
~ The next morning the storm passed, and the helicopter 3 W h at_______ happening when you got homelast night?
s arrived to take them off the mountain. Avery said, When I 4 W h a t_______ you doing on September 11,2001?
.S heard that Rachel and Jeremy were safe, I was dancing
5 How many people came to class today?
^ around my apartment. Rachel said that she and Jeremy were
now looking forward to a hot bath and a good meal. But first
c Ask your p artner the questions in b. Ask for m ore
< they were going to buy the rescue team a gift!
inform ation.
G going to, present continuous (future arrangements)
V look ( for, through, etc.)
P sentence stress When are you going?
When are you coming back?
Where are you going?
1 READING
a W hen was the last tim e you went to an
airport? Were you m eeting som eone or
going somewhere?
3 Airport Stories
b Read the magazine article. Com plete it John F. Kennedy Airport in New York City is a busy international
with these questions. airport. Every day thousands of travelers arrive at JFK Airport from
many different countries. Every one of them has a different story to
A Do you know anybody here? tell. We spent an afternoon in the arrivals area at JFK last week talking
B Are you going to stay for long? to travelers arriving from abroad. We asked them: Why are you here?
C / Is this your first visit? LOOKING FOR A JOB

D What are you planning to do? Marina, 23, from Porto Alegre, Brazil
When are you leaving? 3i ssss
Does he know you re coming?

I'm going to look for a job. Maybe as an au pair,
G How are you going to get there? taking care of children. And I want to improve
my English too, so I can get a better job when
H How long are you going to stay?
I go back home. I hope I can find some work
Where are yon staying in New York? quickly. I'm going to look through the
newspaper ads today.
Read the article again and write 1 Is this your first visit?
M (M arina), J ( Jonathan), or K (Koji).
Yes, it is. I'm really looking forward to living
1 K_ is going to stay at a hotel. here, but I'm a little nervous, too.
2 is going to stay at a friends house.
3 is going to visit a family member. Six months or a year. It depends how things go.
4 is going to the theater tomorrow. 3 ______________________
5 is only going to be in the US Yes, I have a friend who's working here in a

for four weeks. restaurant. I'm going to stay with her for a few
weeks until I can find my own apartment.
6 is going to work.
2 GR AMMAR going to, present continuous A FAMILY REUNION

Jonathan, 35, just arrived
a In pairs, cover the text. Can you rem em ber
from Melbourne, Australia
three o f M arinas plans? Can you rem em ber
three of Jonathans plans?
Marina is going to work. I'm going to see my dad in Connecticut.
It's his seventieth birthday tomorrow.
b Look at the interview with Maki and Koji. 4 ______________________
Highlight six present continuous sentences. No. It's going to be a big surprise for him. And it's going to be very
Do they refer to the present or the fu tu re ? emotional, too. I moved to Australia in 1998, and the last time I saw
my dad was five years ago. It's too expensive to visit very often, and
c o p.130 Grammar Bank 3A. Read the rules my father can't fly - he had a heart operation last year.
and do the exercises. 5 ________________
By train. The whole family is waiting at my parents' house. We're
going to have a big party there tomorrow night.
6 ________________
Yes, for a month. It's too far to come for a short time - and I want
to see all my old friends here as well as my family.
3 LISTENING
a 31 Listen to Marina talking six m onths later.
Mark the sentences T (true) or F (false).
1 Shes working in a Mexican restaurant.
2 It was easy to find a job.
3 She isnt living with her friend now.
4 She isnt going to English classes.
5 She doesnt know if shes going to go back to Brazil.
6 Shes leaving the restaurant next month.
7 Her boyfriend is a waiter.
8 Her family is very happy that shes getting married,
b Listen again for more details. Correct the false sentences.

ON THEIR HONEYMOON
Maki, 25, and Koji, 27,
4 VOCABULARY look (for, through, etc.)
from Nagasaki, Japan
a Look at Marinas interview on page 28 again. Find and underline three
expressions with look. Match them to their dictionary definitions.
We're on our honeymoon. We got
1 _________ try to find something
carried last Saturday.
Congratulations!
2 _________ wait with pleasure for something that is going to happen
3 _________ read something quickly
We're staying at the Kitano Hotel. b Com plete the sentences with for, forw ard to, or through.
We're just here for a few days.
1 I always lo o k my notes before a test.
2 Shes going to Peru next month. Shes really looking it.
Everything is organized for us. 3 I cant find my keys. Can you help me lo o k them?
Tomorrow we're taking a bus tour of the 4 Im not looking the final exam - its going to be very difficult.
city, and in the evening we're seeing a
5 Our house is a little too small. Were looking a newone.
Broadway show. Then on Tuesday we're
6 As soon as he gets home, he looks the mail.
going to a baseball game at Yankee
Stadium, and on Wednesday we're flying c Tell your p a rtn e r...
to Boston.
something you are looking forward to
something you often have to look for in the morning
On Friday. We're going to Toronto next, something that you usually look through
and then to Montreal...
5 PRONUNCIATION sentence stress

a U nderline the words that are im portant for com m unication
in these questions (the stressed words).
1 Where are you going? 4 Where are you staying?
2 When are you leaving? 5 When are you coming back?
3 How are you getting there?
b 32 Listen and check. Listen again and repeat. Copy the rhythm.
6 SPEAKING
going to the movies
a W rite down three plans or arrangem ents
on Friday night.
that you have for this week. Work in pairs.
A tell B your plans. B listen and ask
r . i C What are you going to see?
lor m ore inform ation. Then change roles. [ _ Q
b O Communication Where are you going on vacation?p.116.
Find a travel com panion for an exotic vacation.
29
G will / won't (predictions)
V opposite verbs
P contractions (will/ won't), /a/ and /ou/ I'm taking my driving test today.
You'll fail.
The pessimist's phrase book
1 We're having a picnic in the park. It'll rain.

2 I'm taking my driving test tomorrow. You wonjLggss.
3 We're meeting Ana and Daniel at 7:00.
4 I'm taking my first skiing lesson today.
5 My brother has a new girlfriend.
6 I lent Tony some money yesterday.
7 I'm going to watch a movie in English.
8 We're going to drive into the city.
9 My team is playing tonight.
10 I'm catching the 7:30 train.
1 GRAMMAR will/ won't for predictions

a Look at the picture. W ho is the optimist? W ho is the pessimist? Which are you?
b Read the YOU phrases. Find the THE PESSIMISTS responses in the box below and write them in the phrase book.
He won't pay you back. You'll miss it. You won't understand a word,
You won't pass. They'll be late. It won't last
They'll lose. It'll rain. You'll break your leg.
You won't find a parking space.
c Listen and check. Repeat the responses.
d Practice in pairs.
A (book open) read the YOU phrases.
B (book closed) say THE PESSIMIST phrase.
Then change roles.
e Look at THE PESSIMIST phrases and answer the questions.

1 Do the sentences refer to the present or the future?
2 What are the full words in the contractions 11 and wont?
f p.130 Grammar Bank 3B. Read the rules and do the exercises
2 VOCABULARY opposite verbs A B

pass fail
a W hats the opposite o f the verbs in A? Use a verb from B. win borrow
lose find
b O p.149 Vocabulary Bank Verbs. Do part l .
lend lose
PRONUNCIATION contractions (will/won't), /a/ and loul
3-4 Listen and repeat the contractions. Copy the rhythm .
I'll Ill be late Ill be late for work.
Youll Youll break Youll break your leg.
Shell Shell miss Shell miss the train.
It'll Itll rain Itll rain tomorrow.
Theyll
/
Theyll lose Theyll lose the game.
5-5 Listen. Can you hear the difference?
want I want to pass.
3.6 Listen and w rite dow n the six sentences.
LISTENING
3-7 Listen to the introduction to a radio program . W hy is positive thinking good for you?
Try to guess the missing words in these tips.

Tip
Caller 1 Live in the , not in the
Caller 2 T h in k ___ thoughts, not negative ones.
Caller 3 Dont spend a lot of time reading th e _____ or watching the on TV.
Caller 4 Every week make a list of all t h e _________ that happened to you.
Caller 5 Try to u s e ______________when you speak to other people.
3-8 Listen and check.
Listen again. W rite down any extra inform ation you hear.
'.Vhich tips do you think are useful?
SPEAKING
In pairs, m atch the positive phrases w ith the situations. ffl p | j | |p Hill
Make a positive prediction, V m sure you II.. V m sure itl l .., etc. tfc -m m V
Your friend says... You say...

Don't worry!
1 I have an important exam tomorrow. Good luck! Vm sure youll pass. Congratulations!
1 Im getting married next m o n t h . _______
3 Im a little depressed t o d a y . ________________________ I S r j 0 0 (i
4 Im going to Peru next m o n t h . ________________________
5 I cant go out tonight. I dont have any m o n e y ._______________________
Ask and answer w ith a partner. Use a phrase from the box and say why.
Are you a positive thinker? I hope so. (I hope not.)

I think so.
Do you think... I don't think so.
you'll go somewhere exciting you'll do something fun this weekend? Maybe. / Possibly.
for your next vacation? you'll get an interesting e-mail from Probably.
you'll pass your next test? someone tonight?
Definitely.
you'll get a good (or better) job? you'll get to the end of this book?
G will j won't (promises, offers, decisions)
V verb + back
P word stress: two-syllable words It's a secret
OK, I won't tell anyone.
I'll always love you
1 READING Promises, promises

a Look at the six prom ises below. W hat do you think
they have in com m on? We make them and we break them because
I won't tell anyone. I'll write. some promises are very hard to keep. Here are
I'll always love you. I'll pay you back tomorrow. the top six most common broken promises ...
Ill come back tomorrow. This won't hurt.
b Read the article once and write the correct promise

You always hear this from
in the blanks 1-6.
builders, plumbers, and
c Read the text again. Find words that match the electricians. But the truth
definitions. Underline the stressed syllable. is very different. They
wont come back until
1 (n) a person who repairs water
next week (or later). And
pipes, toilets, etc.
you will probably need to
(n) studies to find more information call them five times first.
about something
(n) putting medicine under
the skin with a needle We love hearing secrets and
(v) give something to somebody in we happily make this promise. And at the time we really
return for something else mean it. Dont worry, we say, your secret is safe with me.
5 (adv) every time But of course it isnt. Research shows that everybody will
always tell one other person the secret. Very soon the whole
6 (adj ) something that lasts forever
world will know!
2 PRONUNCIATION word stress: two-syllable words

A favorite phrase of doctors, dentists, and nurses. They
Most two-syllable words are stressed on the first usually say it just before they give you a shot. But the
syllable, e.g., father. When words are stressed on the phrase is not complete. The full phrase is: This wont hurt
second syllable, e.g., although, underline the stress me (but it will probably hurt you a lot).
and learn them.
a Look at these two-syllable words from the text. You make a new friend on vacation or on a long flight,
you exchange e-mail addresses, and you make this promise.
W hich four are stressed on the second syllable?
Six months later you find a name and e-mail address on
secret worry exist a card or an old piece of paper. Uh-oh! you think
always forget dentist but then you remember that they didnt write to you, either!
borrow complete money
promise e-mail doctor
In Hamlet, Shakespeare told us never to borrow or lend money.
builder before stingy
He was right. When we lend people money, they always make
this promise, but then they forget. If we then ask for the money
b 39 Listen and check. Practice saying the words
back, they think we are stingy. If we dont ask, we never get the
money back.
Whitney Houston sang a song about this. Every day, all over
the world, thousands of people make the same promise to
each other. We know eternal love exists, but is this promise
the most difficult one to keep of them all?
3 GRAMMAR will / won't for promises, offers, and decisions
* lo o k at the cartoons. W hat do you think the people are saying?
B C
4 VOCABULARY verb + back

a Look at the sentences.Whats the difference between go and go back ?
Im going to Mexico. Im going back to Mexico.
b Com plete the dialogues w ith a phrase from the box.

call back come back give it back pay me back take it back
1
A I love that shirt you gave me for my birthday, but its a little small.
B Dont worry. Il l _________ to the store and exchange it.
2
A Can I speak to Mr. Park, please?
B I m sorry. Hes not here right now.
A OK. Il l _________ later.
? Complete sentences 1-6 with a verb from 3
below. Then m atch the sentences with the A Excuse me. Could I talk to you for a moment?
cartoons (A-F). B Im really busy right now. Could y o u in five minutes?
have help love open pay take 4
A Thats my pen youre using!
1 111 the steak, please.
B No, its not. Its mine.
2 Il l _____you back tomorrow.
A No, its m in e.________ !
3 Il l you!
4 Ill always you. 3
5 Il l _____the window. A Can you lend me $50?
B It depends. When can y o u ________ ?
6 Yes, its very nice. Il l it.
A Tomorrow. Ill go to the bank first thing in the morning.
j Look at the sentences again. In which
two are people...? c %3.io Listen and check. In pairs, practice the dialogues.
making a promise Z a n d ___
making a decision and 5 SPEAKING
offering to do something a n d __
O Communication I'll game p.117. Follow your teacher s instructions
d O p.130 Grammar Bank 3C. Read the to play.
rules and do the exercises.
6 I3.ii SONG 0 White Flag
33
G review of tenses: present, past, and future
V verbs + prepositions
P sentence stress I dreamed about a road.
That means you're going to travel.
I was only dreaming

a In pairs, say if you think these statem ents are
true or false.
1 We can only remember a dream if we wake up
in the middle of it.
2 We always appear in our dreams.
3 People often have the same dream many times.
4 Psychoanalysts use dreams to help their patients.
5 Dreams can predict the future.
3.12 Youre going to listen to a psychoanalyst

talking to a patient about his dreams. Cover the
dialogue and listen. N um ber the pictures 1-6
in the correct order.
Dr. Muller So, tell me, what did you dream about?
Patient I was at a party. There were a lot of people,
Dr. Muller What
Patient They were
Dr. Muller Were you drinking?
Patient champagne.
Dr. Muller And then what
Patient Then, suddenly I in a garden. There
a lot of flowers...
Dr. Muller Flowers, yes... what kind of flowers?
Patient really see it was dark. And I
hear music - somebody the violin.
Dr. Muller The violin? Go on.
Patient And then I ____ an owl, a big owl in a tree...
Dr. Muller H ow you _ ? Were you frightened?
Patient No, not frightened really, no, but I ____
very cold. Especially my feet - they were
freezing. And then I __________
Dr. Muller Your feet? Hmm, very interesting, very
interesting indeed...
Patient So what , doctor?
Now uncover the dialogue. Listen again and fill

in the blanks with a w ord or phrase.
if nat do you think the patient s dream means? M atch the things in his dream with interpretations 1-6.
- -C-V-N. K V V v-t * ' *>. -.v-v-.. . y ^ V A V V v . ' - > * V
-.'.-

v-t*r*

Vr!-*-'''

r.-r,*.. .
-
-*
- . . . . . .
Understanding
rat you are at a party. 1 the person you love doesn't love you. your
rat you are drinking champagne.
axmt flowers.
rat somebody is playing the violin.

2 you are going to be very busy.
3 you'll be successful.
4 you're feeling positive about the future.

dreams
scout an owl. 5 you want some romance in your life. You are looking for a new partner.
rat you have cold feet. 6 you need to ask an older person for help.
: Now listen to Dr. M uller interpreting the 3 PRONUNCIATION sentence stress

r itien ts dream. Check your answers to d. a J-14 Listen to sentences 1-6 and underline the
' listen again. Look at the pictures again and rem em ber stressed (inform ation) words.
hat Dr. M uller said about each thing. Com pare with 1 Youll have a meeting with your boss.
vour partner. 2 Somebody was playing the violin.
3 Youre going to meet a lot of people.
The party means he's going to meet people T ^ )
4 How did you feel?
5 Im meeting her tonight.
2 GRAMMAR review of tenses 6 She doesnt love me.
i lo o k at the chart. W rite the sentences below the chart
in the correct place in the Example colum n. b Listen and repeat the sentences. Copy the rhythm .
Tense Example Use
4 SPEAKING
simple present You work in an office. D
o Communication Dreams A p.110 B p.114.
present continuous
Role-play interpreting your p artn ers dream.
simple past
past continuous
going to + base form 5 VOCABULARY verbs +prepositions
will I wont + base form Com plete the questions w ith a preposition
from the box.
J was drinking champagne.
You 11 have a meeting with your boss.
about (x3) for of to (x3) with (x2)
I saw an owl.
1 What did you d re a m last night?
You re going to meet a lot of people.
2 What radio station do you usually liste n _____ ?
You work in an office.
I'm meeting her tonight. 3 What do you ta lk with your friends?
4 Did you w a it a bus or a train today?
? Now com plete the Use colum n with uses A-F. 5 Who do you usually ag ree______ in your family?
A Future plans and predictions. 6 Are you going to w rite ______ anybody tonight?
B Finished actions in the past. 7 What do you th in k this book?
C Things happening now, or plans for a fixed time/place. 8 What are you th in k in g now?
D Things-that-happen always or usually. 9 Do you a rg u e people a lot?
E Future predictions, decisions, offers, and promises.
10 Who was the first person you sp o k e this
F Actions that were in progress at a past time. morning?
j O p.130 Grammar Bank 3D. Read the rules and
do the exercises.
Restaurant problems P ra c tic a l E n g lish
"" .. ... ...............

ORDERING A MEAL
%3.15Listen to Allie and M ark at the restaurant.
Menu
Answer the questions.
Appetizers Main courses
1 What do they order for appetizers?
Tomato and mozzarella salad Fried chicken
2 What does Allie order for her main course?
Mushroom soup T-bone steak
3 What kind of potatoes do they order?
Grilled shrimp Grilled salmon
4 How does Mark want his steak - rare, medium, or well-done?
All main courses served with a baked potato or fries.
5 What are they going to drink?
PRO BLEM S WITH A MEAL

a 3.16 Cover the dialogue and listen. W hat three problems do they have?
YOU HEAR YOU SAY
Chicken for you, maam, and the Im sorry, but I asked for a baked
steak for you, sir. potato, not fries.
No problem . _
Excuse me.
Yes, sir? I asked for my steak rare, and this
is well-done.
Im very sorry.
back to the kitchen.
Could we have the check, please?
Yes, sir. b Listen again. Complete the YOU HEAR
Your check. Thanks. Excuse me. I think theres phrases.
a mistake in the check. We only had
two glasses of wine, not a bottle. c %3.17 * Listen and repeat the YOU SAY
Yes, youre right. Im very sorry. Thank you. phrases. Copy the rhythm.
Its not my day today! _
________ a new check. d In pairs, role-play the dialogue. A (book
US English fries check open) youre the waiter, B (book closed)
UK English chips bill youre M ark and Allie. Change roles.
SOCIAL ENGLISH after dinner

a 3.18 Listen to M ark and Allie. M ark the sentences T (true) or F (false).
1 Jennifer is Marks ex-wife.
2 Mark was married for three years.
3 His wife left him for another man.
4 Allie met her previous boyfriend at work.
USEFUL PHRASES
5 After dinner theyre going to go dancing.
A That was a 1_____ dinner.
Com plete the USEFUL PHRASES. M Im g you enjoyed it.
Listen again and check. A Can I ask you s_____ ?
M We could have a_____
Listen and repeat the phrases.
3.19 cup of coffee.
How do you say them in your language?
Study Link MultiROM

An informal letter W ritin g
1 22{ Baker Street

2 ____________________
""hank s|Ou -for \jOur letter. Were ver^ happv) that

oure coming +o siCAy with us in August, and v/er e
sure 'ooull have a good time
//hat fime are \)0u arriving at the airport? Von can

get a train to the cit\) -from there Do \ôu have a
'ell phone? Then you can call us when vjoure on the
-rain, and we II meet \jou at the station.
lould \)0u also tell me a few more things about

>cursel-f? Xs there amthiv^g yx< cant eat or drinlC? Do
>CMwant a single room, or do \)0u prefer to share a
--com? Are mou going to go back to Seoul right a-fter
'he course ends? X-f not, how man\j more days are
\jou ging to stavj with us?
,C\r\Q S>ar\d$r^
________ X m S0ndin0 sjOm c\ pho+o of the

amil^ so you'll recognise us c\i +he .station!
i C han-ho is a Korean student whos going to study English in San

Im agine you are going to stay with
Francisco. Hes going to stay with a family. Read the letter from
Mrs. Sanders. Answer her letter using
Mrs. Sanders and complete it with expressions from the box.
your own inform ation. Remember to
San Francisco, CA 94111 Best wishes 221 Baker Street RS. include your address and the date.
Dear Chan-ho April 14, 2007 Looking forward to hearing from you
WRITE three paragraphs:
b Read the letter again and answer the questions. Paragraph 1 Thank her for her letter.
1 When is Chan-ho going to the United States? Paragraph 2 Say when you are arriving, etc.
2 How is he going to get there? Paragraph 3 Answer her other questions.
3 How many questions does Mrs. Sanders ask him?
End the letter with Best wishes and
4 Does Looking forward to hearing from you m ean...?
your name.
a I hope you will write soon,
b Im going to write again soon. CHECK your letter for mistakes
5 Why does Mrs. Sanders send Chan-ho a photo? ( gram m ar , punctuation , and spelling ).
c W hat differences are there between an informal letter and an e-mail?
EE
GRAMMAR VOCABULARY
Circle the correct answer, a, b, or c. a p re p o sitio n s
Whats name? Com plete the sentences with the correct preposition.
a yours b your c you Where do you com e from ?
1 We live with Johns parents. 1 Last night I dream ed______ being alone on a desert island.
a re going
2 I looked_____ you everywhere. Where were you?
b re going to
3 Im looking to the weekend.
c go to
4 I w aited_____ the bus for half an hour.
2 What tim e _____ ?
5 I often argue my dad about politics.
a you are leaving
b are you leaving b v erb s + back
c are you leave
M atch the phrases.
3 Im su re ......... lose the game.
Im going tomorrow. When are you coming back?
a they
b theyll 1 Could you lend me $50? A Yes, Ill give it back tomorrow.
c they going to 2 Im sorry, shes not at home. B No. Go away and dont come back
4 Its very late. They probably_____ 3 Do you have my book? C OK, Ill call back later.
come now. 4 My new phone doesnt work. D If you can pay me back before Fridi
a wont to 5 Dont you want to see me again? E Take it back to the store.
b wont
c dont c o p p o site verbs
5 I pass the test. W rite the opposite verb phrase,
a dont think shell push the door guU the door
b not think she will 1 lose a game
c dont think she wont 2 remember to pay
6 Its very hot in here. I open 3 buy a car
the window.
4 learn Spanish
a go to
5 get a letter I
b U
c dont
7 A I dont have a car. PRONUNCIATION
B Dont w orry. take you. a Underline the w ord with a different sound.
a We
b We are
love come home month
c Well L
1 J
8 I about my grandmother.
a dream often lose too good do
b often am dreaming
c often dream let wont box doctor
9 I in the park when I saw an
enormous dog. fin ; go know dont down
a walked
b was walking ILÎ
borrow tonight open probably
c m walking
10 W here go next summer?
a are you going to b Underline the stressed syllable,
b you will information
c are you E pessimist prediction remember important interesting
What can you do? R eview & C heck
i
CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THIS TEXT? CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THESE PEOPLE?
a 3.20 Listen to five short conversations.
woman the hunter,
2020 man the househusband
Circle a, b, or c.
1 On Saturday the woman is going t o _________
a stay home b go swimming
A new report on life in 2020 was published yesterday. This report predicts c play volleyball
i:ig changes, not just in technology but also changes in the way we live, 2 Who do they think will win the World Cup?
"hese are some of the predictions for work and family life. a Mexico b Brazil c Italy
3 This weekend the weather is going to b e ________
a wet and cold b sunny but cold
c warm and sunny
4 The woman is going to b u y ________
a the red sweater b the blue sweater
c the black sweater
5 Last night the student_________
a had a bad dream b had a good dream
c didnt dream
Fam ily life Work and study b 3.21 Listen and complete the flight details.
__ One in five fathers will be \Z One in five school classes will be
"ousehusbands, while the
~others go out to work.
online via the Internet. Students will
also often have video classes with
Supertravel
a "superteacher" from another city Flight from Miami to 1 .....
_ People will live near other
:eopie who have the same or country.
Departure Tuesday May 6th
iterests, for example, Most workers will have short-term
i golf villages. Return 2
contracts. They will have to learn to do Jo
t
p ,
_ There will often be three lots of different jobs because they will 5" Flight times Outbound: leaves 6:30, arrives 3
CO
n ,
generations living in the same change jobs frequently.

ouse, e.g., grandparents, parents, Return: leaves 4 . . , arrives 11:30
I ! Most people will work a twenty-five
2nd children.
hour week. This will usually mean Passenger's Henry 5_________ ___1 ;- : ! i i l S g 8 I I I . I
People will live until their working five hours a day, although name
ZJ
4I
~iid-eighties, but women will some people may work three eight-
-arc
n .
still live slightly longer than men. hour days and have four days off. < CAN YOU SAY THIS IN ENGLISH?
a In English, can you...? Yes (/)
Read the article about 2020. Put a check { / ) next to the
predictions that you think would be a good thing. U talk about your plans for tonight
t i talk about your plans for next year
"v Read the article again. M ark the sentences T (true),
H make three future predictions about your town
F (false), or DS (doesnt say).
make three promises about your English
According to this report, in 2020...
1 20% of fathers will stay home and take care of the children. b Reorder the words to make questions.
2 People will live near other people who like the same things. 1 doing weekend this what you are ?
3 Grandparents will take care of their grandchildren. 2 English year you next going study to are ?
4 Men and women will live until they are 80. 3 think do who will election next you win the ?
5 Superteachers will sometimes travel to give classes. 4 rain think tomorrow will you do it ?
6 Many people will work in the same job all their lives. 5 you dreams how your remember do often ?
Everybody will work five hours a day.
c Ask your partner the questions in b. Ask for
U nderline and learn six new words or expressions from m ore inform ation.
the article. Use your dictionary to check the m eaning
and pronunciation.
G present perfect (experience) + ever and never; present perfect or
V clothes
P vowel sounds Have you ever been to that store?
What did you buy?
1 READING & VOCABULARY

a W hat is the m ost popular place to buy
clothes in your town? Do you buy your
clothes there? If not, where?
b Read the text about Zara. Then cover it and

answer the questions below from memory.
1 Who is Amancio Ortega?
2 What is unusual about him?
3 What was his first job?
You probably have because it is one of the
4 When did he open the first Zara store?
fastest-growing chains in the world. The person 5 Where are there Zara stores now?
behind Zara is Amancio Ortega. He is the richest 6 What are the secrets of Zaras success?
man in Spain, but very few people know his face. c Read the text again and underline any
There are only two official photographs of him,
words th at are connected with clothes.
and he rarely gives interviews. Although he is a
multimillionaire businessman, he doesnt look d O p.150 Vocabulary Bank Clothes.
like one. He doesnt like wearing suits or ties and
prefers to wear jeans and a shirt.
2 PRONUNCIATION vowel sounds
When he was young, he worked as a salesperson in a clothing store, but he
a 4-> Put two clothes words in each column
always dreamed of having his own business. In 1963 he started a small
company that made womens pajamas. In 1975, at the age of 40, he opened
Listen and check. Practice saying the words
his first clothing store in La Coruna, a city in northwest Spain, and named it belt cap clothes coat jacket shirt
Zara. Now you can find Zara stores all over the world, from New York to
shoes skirt socks suit sweater top
Moscow to Singapore. So why is Zara so successful?
The main reason is that Zara reacts extremely quickly to the latest designer \f/
fashions and produces clothes that are fashionable but inexpensive. Zara
can make a new line of clothes in three weeks. Other companies normally &
take about nine months. The clothes also change from week to week, so
customers keep coming back to see whats new. Zara produces 20,000 new
designs a year, and none of them stay in stores for more than a month.
So if youve seen a new jacket or skirt that you like in a Zara store, hurry up
and buy it because it wont be there for long.
b Ask and answer with a partner.
What did you wear yesterday?

What are you going to wear tonight?
What were the last clothes you bought?
Whats the first thing you take off when
you get home?
Do you always try on clothes before
you buy them?
How often do you wear a suit?
3 LISTENING
4-2 Listen to three people being interviewed about Zara. Com plete the chart w ith their inform ation.
Woman 1 Woman 2 Man Your partner
1 Have you ever been to a Zara store?
2 When did you last go there?
3 Where?
4 WHiat did you buy?
5 Are you happy with it?
4 GRAMMAR present perfect or simple past?

i Interview your partner about Zara (or another store in your area) and write his / her answers in the chart.
b Look at questions 1 and 2 above.

What tense are they?
Which question refers to a specific time in the past?
Which question is about some time in your life?
c O p.132 Grammar Bank 4A. Read the rules and do the exercises.
5 SPEAKING
i Complete the questions w ith the past participle o f the verb.
1 Have you ever worn (wear) something only once?

What? When / w ear it?
2 Have you ev e r______ (be) to a fashion show?

Where? / enjoy it?
3 Have you e v e r (dance) in very uncomfortable shoes?

Where? What / happen?
4 Have you e v e r (wear) a costume?

When? What / wear?
5 Have you e v e r (meet) someone who w as wearing

exactly the same clothes as you? When? How / you feel?
6 Have you e v e r (buy) something and never worn it?

What? Why / not w ear it?
7 Have you e v e r (ruin) clothes in the washing machine?

What? What / happen?
8 Have you e v e r (have) an argument with

your family about clothes? What about?
Interview a partner with the questions. If he / she answers, Yes, I have,

ask follow-up questions in the simple past.
Have you ever worn something only once? C Yes I have. A suit.
When did you wear it? job interview.
6 4.3 SONG S] True Blue

1 VOCABULARY verb phrases b Cover the text. Can you rem em ber the eight bad habits?
a Read the magazine article and com plete it c In pairs, say which o f these things are a problem in your
with these verbs. hom e and why. W hat else is a problem?
changes cleaned cleans up housework food
does (x2) leaves makes take the TV / computer the bathroom
pets (e.g., a dog) homework
Q *31y*
2 GRAMMAR present perfect +yet and already
a
iftm
3? <& .rf;
a L -o H l a %4-4 Listen and num ber the pictures 1-4.
#/
Here are some of the top "hates.
1 He never makes his bed. If I make it, I find

strange things in it like dirty socks, CDs
without their cases...
2 He never his room its always a mess.

The floor is covered with empty soda cans, more
dirty socks...
3 She wet towels on the bathroom floor

and doesn't pick them up.
b Listen again and complete the dialogues with a past participl
4 She walks around the house eating food without 1 A Have y o u yet?
a plate, usually just after Iv e the floor. B No, not yet.
Then she says Im sorry with a sweet smile. A Well, hurry up! I m going to be late for work.
2 A You left a towel on the floor.
5 He has breakfast, lunch, and dinner at home,
B I havent a chance to clean up my room yet.
but he n e v e r the dishes.
A Well, dont forget to pick it up.
6 W hen she comes into the living room, she always 3 A When are you going to do your homework?
the channel on the T V - usually when Im B Ive already it.
watching my favorite program. A Really? When?
B I did it on the bus this afternoon.
1 We bought a dog for him because he promised
4 A Ive already you to get a plate for that sandwich.
to it for a walk every day. Guess who I just cleaned the floor, you know.
always does it? B OK. Oops - sorry. Too late.
8 She always her homework at the last c Look at the conversations and underline yet and already.
minute - usually late on Sunday night. This means
W hat tense is the verb with them? W hat do you think they
mean?
she needs the Internet, just when her sister is
chatting online with her friends. d o p.132 Grammar Bank 4B. Read the rules and
do the exercises.
: PRONUNCIATION & SPEAKING / h / , / y / , / d 3/
45 Listen and repeat. Practice saying the sentences,
a
Me hasnt helped with the o usework today.
S
^=-4
Have you used your new computer yet?
Jim has joined a judo class.
- 0 Communication Has he done it yet? p. /16.
: READING
Problems with your
i Answer the questions in pairs. teenage children?
At what age do young people usually leave home
in your country?
y not throw them oi
1 What do you think is the right age for a young person
to leave home? Why? A What did the Serranos' boys do? In fact, they didn't
b J.ead the paragraphs and put them in order. go very far from home. The oldest boy, David, went to live
N um ber them 1-5. with his girlfriend and just started a job in her father's
construction company. The youngest son has rented an
^ v.ow read the whole article in the correct order.
apartment near the family home. (His mother paid the first
Choose the best summary, A, B, or C.
month's rent only.)
Mr. and Mrs. Serrano argued with their children.
The children decided to leave home. B So Maria and Mariano asked their sons to leave
1- Mr. and Mrs. Serrano argued a lot. Their children the family home. But the two boys didnt want to go.
were unhappy, so they left home.
Then. Mr. and Mrs. Serrano made an unusual decision -
Mr. and Mrs. Serrano argued with their children a lot.
they went to court.
They told their children to leave home.
: In pairs, underline any words or phrases you Do you have rude and moody teenage children
dont know. Try to guess their m eaning. Then living in your home? Have you ever secretly wanted to
check with the teacher or with your dictionary. throw them out? A Spanish couple, Mr. and Mrs. Serrano
Choose five to learn. from Zaragoza in Spain, have done exactly that.
: Do you think Mr. and Mrs. Serrano were right
or wrong? Why? Do you think the story will have 2 __ Maria and her husband, Mariano, lived with their
a happy ending? two sons, David, 20, and Mariano, 18. "The situation was
impossible, said Maria. We were always arguing, our
46 Listen and check.
children were treating our house like a hotel, and they
werent contributing anything. Also they werent studying
or looking for work. They were complaining all the time
and insulting us. They didnt respect us. I love mv
children, but in the end it was ruining our lives."
Normally, under Spanish law, parents do not have

the right to make their children leave home. But in this
case the judge decided that the situation in the Serrano
family was intolerable. He gave Mr. and Mrs. Serrano
the right to tell their children to go.
Elizabeth N ash. The Independent, October 18. 1999 43

G comparatives, as...as, less... than..
V time expressions: spend time, waste time, etc.
P sentence stress We work harder, and we have
less free time.
1 G RAM MAR comparatives, as... as, less... than... 3 READING & VOCABULARY
a Read the introduction to the article Were living faster... a Youre going to read about some ways in which our
Is it optim istic or pessimistic? Why? lives are faster. Work in pairs. A read 1-3, B read 4-6.
b Read it again and cross out the wrong word. b A tell B about paragraphs 1-3, B tell A about
According to James Gleick, today w e... paragraphs 4-6. Use the pictures to help you.
1 work longer / shorter hours. Are any o f these things true in your country?
2 have more / less free time. c Now read paragraphs 16. In pairs, look at the
3 talk faster / more slowly. highlighted expressions with the w ord tim e and
4 are more relaxed / less relaxed. guess their m eaning.
5 will probably have longer / shorter lives than our parents.
c Com plete the sentences w ith as or than . Then check

with the text. WERE LIVING FASTER
1 We sleep less previous generations.
2 If we dont slow down, we wont live lo n g ___
our parents.
d O p.132 Grammar Bank 4C. Read the rules and

do the exercises.
J k Remember! Unstressed words like a,

and, asy and than have the sound h i , and
-er is pronounced h r /.
4-7 Listen and repeat the sentences.

Copy the rhythm .
1 Im busier than a year ago.
2 Life is more stressful than in the past. ot lo n g ago people believed that in the future we would
3 We work harder than before. work less, have more free time, and be more relaxed.
4 We walk and talk faster. But sadly this has not happened. Today we work harder,
5 Im not as relaxed as I was. work longer hours, and are more stressed than ten years ago.
6 We wont live as long as our parents. We walk faster, talk faster, and sleep less than previous
generations. And although we are obsessed with machines that
save us time, we have less free time than our parents and
grandparents had. But what is this doing to our health?
In his book Faster: the acceleration of just about everything,
American journalist James Gleick says that people who live in
cities are suffering from "hurry sickness" - we are always trying to
do more things in less time. As a result, our lives are more
stressful. He says that if we don't slow down, we won't live as
long as our parents. For most people, faster doesn't mean better.
4 LISTENING & SPEAKING ARE YOU LIVING FASTER...?
4-8 Look at the questionnaire. 1 Compared to two years ago, do you spend more or less time on
these things? Say why.
Listen to four people answering
working or studying sitting in traffic cooking
question 1. Which activity (working,
talking on the phone seeing friends eating
studying, etc.) are they talking about?
working on a computer shopping sleeping
1 ___________________________________
2 Do you have more or less free time than a year ago? W hy?
7
W hat don't you have enough time for?
3 __________________________ _________
3 How do you get to work / school? How long does it take you?
Is this longer than a year ago?
: Listen again. Why do they spend
4 Do you usually arrive on tim e...? Why (not)?
m ore (or less) tim e on these things?
for work/school for your English class to meet your friends
: In pairs, interview each other using 5 Which machines save you tim e?
the questionnaire. Do they make your life simpler or more complicated?
6 Do you waste a lot of time every day? Doing what?
BUT ARE WE LIVING BETTER?

1 No time for the news 4 No time to relax
Newspaper articles today are Even when we relax, we do
shorter and the headlines are everything more quickly. Ten years
bigger. Most people don't have ago when people went to art
enough time to read the galleries, they spent ten seconds
articles; they only read the looking at each picture. Today they
headlines! On TV and the radio, spend just three seconds!
announcers speak more quickly
than ten years ago.
2 No time lor stories 5 No time for slow sports

In the US there is a book called In the US, baseball is not as
One-Minute Bedtime Stories popular as before because it
for children. These are shorter moves slowly, and games
versions of traditional stories, take a long tim e. Nowadays
specially written for "busy many people prefer faster and
parents" who want to more dynamic sports like
save tim e! basketball.
3 No time to listen 6 ...but more time in our cars

Some answering machines now The only thing that is slower than before
have "quick playback" buttons so is the way we drive. Our cars are faster,
that we can replay people's but the traffic is worse, so we drive
messages faster we can't more slowly. We spend more time
waste time listening to people sitting in our cars, feeling stressed
speaking at normal speed! because we are worried that we won't
arrive on time . Experts predict that in
ten years the average speed on the road
in cities will be 17 km/hour.
a Read the introduction to the article. In pairs, answer the questions.
1 What are the three tests?
Big cities often have a reputation
for being rude, unfriendly places for tourists.
2 Do you think they are good ones?
3 Which city do you think will be the friendliest / most unfriendly? Journalist Tim Moore went to four cities, London,
Rome, Paris, and New York, to find out if this is
true. He went dressed as a foreign tourist and used
three tests to see which city had the friendliest and
most polite inhabitants. The three tests were:
1 The photo test

Tim asked people on the street to take his photo
(not just one photo, but several - with his hat, without
his hat, etc.). Did he find someone to do it?
2 The shopping test

Tim bought something in a store and gave the
salesperson too much money. Did the person
give back the extra money?
3 The accident test

Tim pretended to fall down on the street.
Did anybody come and help him?
Rome ___
I asked an office worker who was I asked some gardeners to take my I asked a very chic woman in
eating his sandwiches to take my photo in front of the Eiffel Tower. sunglasses. She took a photo of me
The photo test photo. "Of course Ill take your They couldnt stop laughing when with my hat on, then without my hat.
picture. Again? Sure! Again? No they saw my hat. Then with my sunglasses. Then she
problem. Have a nice day!" asked me to take a photo of her!
1bought an 1 love New York 1bought some fruit in a grocery store 1 bought a newspaper at a newstand
T-shirt and drinks from two and gave the man a lot of coins. near the train station. It was three
The shopping test different people. 1gave them too He carefully took the exact amount. euros. 1gave the man four, and he
much money, but they both gave didnt give me any change.
me the extra money back.
1fell down in Central Park. 1didnt 1fell down on the Champs Elysees. A When 1fell down, about eight people
have to wait more than thirty minute passed before someone said, immediately hurried to help me.
The accident test seconds. Oh, no! a man said. Is Are you OK? And he was Scottish!
this your camera? 1think its broken.
b Read about what happened in New York, Paris, and Rome. Answer the questions with NY, P, or R.
1 Which city do you think was the friendliest in the photo test? 4 Where did he buy a souvenir?_
2 In which city did he take a photo, too? 5 In the accident test, where did he wait longest for help?
3In the shopping test, where didnt he get the right change? 6 In which city were people most helpful?___
4 9 Now listen to Tim M oore talking about what 4 PRONUNCIATION word stress
ippened in London. Answer the questions. a Underline the stressed syllable in the adjectives below.
1 Its the most polluted city Ive ever been to.
London 1 2 Hes the most impatient person Ive ever met.
1 Who did he ask first? 3 This is the most comfortable hotel Ive ever stayed at.
he photo test 2 What did the man say? 4 Its the most interesting book Ive ever read.
5 Theyre the most expensive shoes Ive ever bought.
3 Who did he ask next? What happened?
6 Its the most beautiful place Ive ever seen.
4 What did he buy? Where?
b 4.10 Listen and check. W hat other words are stressed?
T>e shopping test 5 How much was it?
c Listen and repeat the sentences. Copy the rhythm.
6 Did he get the right change?
7 Where did he do the accident test?

5 SPEAKING
"> e accident test a O Communication The best and the worst A p.UOB p. 114.
8 Did anyone help him?
Read your instructions and write the names of people,
9 What did the man say? places, etc. in the ovals.
2 GRAM MAR superlatives (+ ever +present perfect)

. Iross out the wrong form in these questions.
Vhich city was the friendlier / the friendliest of the four?
1 ' . nich city was the more unfriendly / the most unfriendly?
.hats the friendliest place youve ever been to / be to?
: Ask and answer the questions with a partner.
: 0 p.132 Grammar Bank 4D. Read the rules and

i exercises.
3i VOCABULARY opposite adjectives

i W hat are the opposites o f these adjectives?
rriendly rude noisy boring
p.145 Vocabulary Bank Adjectives. Do part 2.

!n pairs, choose five questions and ask a partner,
vhats ...
:r.e ______ (unfriendly)
the _______ (beautiful)
d ie----------- (ugly)
n e _______ (expensive)
place youve ever been to?
:r.e_______ (polluted)
:he_______ (exciting)
:h e _______ (dangerous)
Lie_______ (noisy)
b Ask and answer questions about the things you and your
partner wrote in the ovals. Ask for more information.
Why did you write Egypt? Because it's the hottest
place I've ever been to.
When did you go there?

4 \ Lost in San Francisco P r a c t i c a l E n g lis h
d ir e c t io n s
4.11 Listen to Allie talking to the hotel
"""
receptionist. O rder the directions 1-5.
Its the third street on the left.
Go straight ahead, down Sutter Street. Union
Go out of the hotel and turn left. Square
-
Union Square will be right in front of you.
Turn left at Stockton.
\
ASKING FOR INFORMATION

a Cover the dialogue and listen. W here does
4.12
Allie want to go? How is she going to get there?
M ark the route from U nion Square on the map.
Can you recommend

a good museum? Well, s f m o m a is f a n t a s t i c .
Sorry? Where did you say? s f m o m a . The San Francisco .___
of Modern Art.
Where is it? O n ________ Street.
How far is it from Union Square? Not far. Its just a of blocks
Can I walk from there? Sure. Itl l you ten minutes.
Can you show me on the map? Yes, Union Square is here, and the museum
b Complete the YOU HEAR phrases. Listen
is here. From Union Square you go down
Geary to th e ________ and turn right. and check.
Thats Third Street. Go down Third and c 4.13 Listen and repeat the YOU SAY
youll see s f m o m a on th e ________ phrases. Copy the rhythm.
What time does it open? It opens a t ________
Thanks very much. Have a good day. Im sure youll d In pairs, role-play the dialogue. A (book
________ the museum! open) youre the receptionist, B (book
closed) youre Allie. Change roles.
SOCIAL ENGLISH looking for Union Square

a 4.14 Listen and circle a or b.
1 Allie and the man... a have met before. b havent met before,
2 Mark is... a meeting Allie later. b in a meeting.
3 Del Monicos is... a a coffee shop. b a restaurant,
4 Brad wants to... a go shopping with Allie. b take AJJie to Union Square,
5 Brad loves... a Allies conversation. b .Allie s pronunciation.
b Com plete the USEFUL PHRASES,

USEFUL PHRASES
Listen again and check.
B Dont I k_ vou?
j
c Listen and repeat
4.15 A I don't t so.
the phrases. How do you say B What are you d ____ here?
them in your language? A Im 1____ for (Union Square)
A Thats really k of you.
A Are you s___
Study Link MultiROM
Describing where you live writing f L
i : z id the text and match the questions with paragraphs 1-5. b Complete the text with these words.
hat is it famous for? air etty festival lifestyle parks
%h at is the weather like? _ population shopping streets tourist weather
Vhat is the best thing about it? Do you like living there?
I escribe your hometown. HI c Find one gram m ar mistake in each highlightec
'.'"ere do you live? Where is it? How big is it? D phrase. C orrect it.
I live in Guadalajara, which is the larg est1city. in Guadalajara is known for many things, especially
die state of Jalisco in Mexico. Its 2 is over three mariachi bands, who originated here . Every
million people, making it the second bigger city September Guadalajara holds its famous mariachi
in Mexico. biggest 7_____ ,attracting musicians from all over the world
One of the biggest8 attractions is the Mercado
Guadalajara is a beautiful place, and its great for Libertad, the largest covered market in Mexico.
.valking around. There are lots of tree-lined 3_____ , Some people calls it a 9 paradise.
and the city is full of m onum ents,4_____ , and
fountains. There is many reminders of the citys rich But I think the best things about Guadalajara are the
history, with fabulous colonial architecture everywhere people and the 10_______Its a major business center.
vou look. yet the pace seems to remain calm and leisurely. The
people have a real sense of history, and thats why
o The 5 here is ideal - both summer and winter I like live here so much.
are mild and pleasant. During the summer months,
it often rain in the afternoons . Afterwards, the
6 is much cleaner.
WRITE a description o f the place where you live.

Write five paragraphs. Answer the questions in a in the correct order.
CHECK your description for mistakes ( gram m ar , punctuation , and spelling

Attach a photo if you can.
GRAMMAR VOCABULARY
Circle the correct answer, a, b, or c. a verb phrases
Whats name? Complete the phrases.
a yours b your c you make your bed
1 ever been to a Zara store?
do pick up take out clean up waste
a Do you
b Have vou/ 1 your room
c Did you 2 things on the floor
Ive never ___ him in a suit and tie. 3 the garbage
a seen 4 the dishes
b see 5 time
c saw
b clothes
A Would you like a coffee?
B No, thanks. four cups today. Com plete the sentences.
a Ive had already Thats a very nice jacket__
b Ive already had 1 Levis are famous for their j_____
c I already have had 2 Business people usually have to wear a s_____ to work.
You havent done the dishes______ 3 I always t on clothes before I buy them.
4 Take o your coat. Its very hot in here.
a already
5 Put on your p and go to bed.
b never
c yet c adjectives
Iv e seen that movie twice.
W rite the opposite adjective,
a already
big small
b ever
1 rude
c yet
2 noisy
The traffic i s than it was an
3 possible
hour ago.
4 dangerous
a badder
5 patient
b worse
c more bad
PRONUNCIATION
7 Radio announcers speak m o re _____
than before. a Underline the word with a different sound.
a quickly
b quick 1 shirt wor shorts ski t
c quicker
T~7~^
8 TV game shows arent as they bought blouse towel mouth
once were.
a popular than
friendly pretty men many
b popular that
c popular as
% ill ke complain great fast
Whats th e ____ city youve ever seen?
a most beautiful
b more beautiful vet \ellow alreadv vour
c beautifulest
10 This is th e _____ city in the world.
a most noisiest
information
b noisiest
c noisier pajamas already nearly busier friendliest
CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THIS TEXT? a Read the article and m ark the sentences T (true ,
F (false), or DS (doesnt say).
1 Audrey Hepburn was going to marry a playboy.
2 She wanted to get married in Rome.
3 Her wedding dress was white with flowers on it.
4 Before the wedding, she fell in love with another man.
5 She asked Zoe Fontana to give the dress to a friend.
6 Amabile Altobello was the same age as Audrey Hepburn.
7 The people of Latina also gave her things for her house.
8 Amabile Altobello and her husband are still married.
b Guess the m eaning of the highlighted words.
CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THESE PEOPLE?

a 4-'6 Listen and circle the correct answer, a, b, or c.
1 He thought the fashion show w a s_______ ____
a exciting b interesting c boring
2 The woman b o u g h t _______
a a shirt b a skirt c some shoes
3 The floor i s ___________
a wet b dry c dirty
4 What time does he finish work?
a 7:00 b 8:00 c 9:00
5 The most beautiful place hes been to i s ___________
a the Amazon rainforest b Phuket c the Grand Canyon
N 1952, Audrey Hepburn was in Rome, making the movie
I
b 4.17 Listen to an interview with a model.
Roman Holiday. She was engaged to marry James Hanson,
a London playboy, and she asked a famous Italian designer,
M ark the sentences T (true) or F (false).
Zoe Fontana, to make her a dress for the wedding. 1 She often wears clothes she doesnt like.
2 She broke her leg during a fashion show.
Signora Fontana said, Audrey was 23. She was so young and
so beautiful then. She tried the dress on many times. It was
3 She has never been to Africa.
in white lace, with a lot of tiny buttons down the back, and 4 She went to Argentina two years ago.
she wanted to wear flowers on her head. 5 She would like to go to India again.
But two weeks before the wedding, Audrey Hepburn decided not
to get married. She called Zoe Fontana and said, Ive canceled CAN YOU SAY THIS IN ENGLISH?
the wedding. But I want another girl to wear my wedding dress, a Can you...? Yes (V)
perhaps a poor girl who could never pay for a dress like this one.
Find a beautiful young woman and give the dress to her. say what clothes you wore yesterday
H say what housework you / other people in your familv do
Signora Fontana found a poor 20-year-old girl in Latina, a town
near Rome. She was exactly the same size as Hepburn and the say if you have more or less free time than last year, an i whv
dress fit her perfectly. Her name was Amabile Altobello.
b Make five questions w ith the present perfect and
Signora Altobello said, I wanted to get married, but my fiance a superlative.
- and I didnt have enough money for a wedding. When Audrey
What / good book / ever / read?
Hepburn gave me the dress, it was like a dream come true.
Everybody in the town was very excited, and they also gave us
W hats the best book youve ever read?
z furniture, and even arranged a honeymoon for us in Paris. 1 What / hot place / ever / be to?
I Today Signora Altobello is over 75 years old, but she still has 2 What / bad movie / ever / see?
the dress. We are still poor and we have had a hard life, 3 Who / generous person / ever meet?
J- but we have three daughters and five grandchildren. We have 4 What / good restaurant ever be : :
had a happy marriage, so the dress brought me luck. 5 What / long trip / taken?
c Ask your partner the questions in b.
G uses of the infinitive
V verbs +infinitive
P word stress
1want to go to the party.
Are you a party animal?
Has this ever happened to you? You arrive at a party or wedding

reception where you dont know anybody. Everybody there seems
to know each other. What can you do? Here are five simple tips.
Dont stand in the corner. You need 1 to be positive. Find somebody
you think you would like 2______________ and go and introduce yourself.
T ry 3______________ impersonal questions like I love your bag. Where

did you get it? That will help4______________ a conversation.
the conversation. When you are nervous, its very

about yourself all the time. Nobody wants
to your life story when theyve only just met you.
1 SPEAKING Smile, smile, smile. Use your body language8___________ a positive,
Interview a partner with the questionnaire. friendly impression. That way people will want9____________ to you.
Ask for more information. Is your partner
If you want10___________ from a really boring person, say that you
a party anim al? are going to the bar11____________ another drink or that you need
12___________ to the restroom. Dont come back!
Do you like going to parties? Why (not)?
Do you like giving parties? Why (not)?
2 GRAMMAR uses of the infinitive
When was the last time you went to a party
a Read the article about parties. Complete the five rules with an infinitive.
or celebration? (for example, a wedding,
a birthday party, etc.) to ask to b e not to dominate to escape to get
Whose party was it?
to give to go to listen to meet to start to talk (x2)
Did you have a good time? b Read the article again and then cover it. Can you remember the tips?
What did you wear? c M atch the examples AC from the text with rules 13 below.
A Its very easy to talk about yourself all the time.

What kind of music did they play?
B Say that youre going to the bar to get another drink.
Did you dance? C Try to ask impersonal questions.
Did you meet anybody new? Use the infinitive...

1 after some verbs (e.g., want, try, etc.)
What did you have to eat and drink? 2 after adjectives IJ
3 to say why you do something.
Did you stay until the end?
d o p.134 Grammar Bank 5A. Read the rules and do the exercises.
: READING & LISTENING b 5.1 Now listen to some people at a partv who sav the
i - r i d this article about the right things to wrong things. Complete the D ont say phrases. Did you
:o different people at parties. In pairs, guess any o f them?
r_ess how to complete the D ont say phrases. c Listen to the people at the party again. Complete the
conversations with an infinitive.
Conversation 1 I want h im a
Happy Birthday.
Conversation 2 Maybe you would lik e___
my class sometime.
Conversation 3 Id like
somewhere hot.
Conversation 4 Youre just the person I want
to.
Conversation 5 I need to the restroom.
4 VOCABULARY verbs + infinitive

a p.154 Vocabulary Bank Verb forms (Verb + infinitive).
Look at som e other verbs followed by the infinitive.
Highlight any that you didnt know.
b Communication Guess the infinitive A p.110 B p.114.
5 PRONUNCIATION & SPEAKING word stress
A Two- and three-syllable nouns and adjectives usually

have the stress on the first syllable. W ith verbs, the stress
is often on the second syllable. Always underline the stress
in new words.
a In pairs underline the stressed syllable in these words.
dangerous decide difficult forget important

interesting possible pretend promise remember
I* voure talking to a doctor...
Don't say: I have a ______________ Could you b 5.2 Listen and check. Practice saying the words,
c Choose five questions and ask a partner.
Sav: You look tired. Would you like a drink?
If voure talking to a teacher...

Do you find it difficult to remember peoples names?
Dont say: Youre so lucky! You h a ve ______ Do you think its important to learn to cook?
Say: I' m sure its very difficult to motivate teenagers.
Whats the most interesting place to visit in your town?
; voure talking to a travel agent...
Dont say: Can you recom m end_____________ ? Have you ever forgotten to turn off your cell phone in
Say: Whats the most interesting place youve ever a movie theater or a concert hall?
:een to?
Do you think its possible to learn a foreign language
without going to the country?
Dont say: What do you think of
s it to o _____________ ? Is there any part of your town where its dangerous
Say: What do you think will be the new style to go at night?
:his year?
Do you always remember to send your friends binhdiv :ard?
If youre talking to a psychiatrist...
When was the last time you promised not to come home late?
Dont say: Are y o u _____________ ?
Say: Do you work with children or adults? Have you ever pretended to be sick wher. . u weren't
Have you decided to go anywhere next summer?
G uses of the -ing form of verbs
V verbs followed by -ing
P /rj/
I love waking up on a sunny morning. )
What makes you feel good?

We asked readers from all over the world to tell us what makes them feel good.
Eating outside. I enjoy sitting in street cafes or Getting out of the city. It doesn't matter where to:
having meals in the yard, even when the weather's to the beach, or to the country, or to the forest
not perfect - which it often isn't. Being in the middle of nature makes me feel alive.
* Being with people I like (and not being with people Watching heavy rain storms through the
I don't like). window from a comfortable, warm room with
a fire, and knowing I don't need to go out.
Sitting on a plane when it takes off. You
can't control what's going to happen for Talking to intelligent people: good conversation
the next 2-3 hours, so you can really relax. is one of life's great pleasures.
Waking up on a sunny morning Having time for myself. Unfortunately, it

during my vacation when I know I doesn't happen very often.
have a whole day ahead to do
whatever I feel like doing. Reading books or magazines in
English I'm Colombian, and I still
find it hard to believe that I can
enjoy reading without using a
dictionary in a language that once
was a complete mystery.
Cleaning my closets. It
stops me from thinking
about my problems.
1 READING 2 GRAMMAR uses of the -ing form of verbs

a Read the article once. How many A Being w ith people I like (makes me feel good).
people m ention...?
B I enjoy sitting in cafes...
1 the weather
C I can enjoy reading w ithout using a dictionary.
2 vacation and traveling
3 housework a M atch sentences A-C with rules 1-3 below.
4 nature Use the -ing form ...
5 other people 1 after some verbs (e.g., enjoy, feel like, etc.)
b Read the article again and put a check 2 when we use a verb as a noun (e.g., as the subject of a sentence)
(V ) next to the three things you agree 3 when we use a verb after a preposition
w ith most. Then put an (x ) next to any b Look at the highlighted verbs. Can you remember the spelling
you dont agree w ith. Com pare w ith a rules for making the -ing form?
partner. Say why.
c O p.134 Grammar Bank 5B. Read the rules and do the exercises.
c Underline five new words or phrases
you want to learn from the text. d Now write about two things that make you feel good (that are
not in the article). Compare with a partner.
PRONUNCIATION /g/ 5 LISTENING
5-3 Listen and repeat the sound picture
_nd the words.
thine bring wrong language

sittinsD watching thanks think
p.159 Sound Bank. Look at the typical spellings

or this sound.
t i 'Alien we add -inghr}/ to a verb, the pronunciation

o f the original verb doesnt change.
do /du/ -* doing /'duig/
forget forgetting
5-4 Listen and say the -ing form o f the verbs

vou hear.
a Ask and answer these questions in pairs.

OCABULARY & SPEAKING
Do you ever sing...?
p.154 Vocabulary Bank Verb forms (Verb +-ing), in the shower
lo o k at other verbs that are followed by the in the car
-mg form. at karaoke bars
V. ork in pairs. Choose five things to talk about while youre listening to a CD
from the list below. in a choir /'kwaiar/ or a band
2 job you dont mind doing in the house b In pairs, say if you think sentences 1-7 are T (true)
or F (false).
i sport you enjoy watching
1 Singing is good for your health.
something you feel like doing tonight 2 To sing well you need to learn to breathe correctly.
something you practice doing regularly 3 People who sing are fatter than people who dont.
something you havent finished doing today 4 Not everybody can learn to sing.
5 You need to know how to read music to be able to sing well.
something you spend a lot of time doing
6 If you make a surprised face, you can sing high notes better.
somebody you dream of meeting 7 It takes a long time to learn to sing better.
mething you dislike doing alone
c 5*5 Now listen to an interview w ith the director
. country you are interested in visiting o f a singing school and a student who took a course there.
'Omething you are thinking of doing this weekend W ere you right?
something you have recently stopped doing d Listen again. Choose the right answer.
something you are not very good at doing 1 When you are learning to sing, you need to correctly.
a stand b dress c eat
A tell B about the five things. Say why. B ask for
2 Singing well is 9 5 % ______
more inform ation. Then change roles.
a repeating b listening c breathing
3 Jennys course lasted ..
I don't mind cooking. a one day b one week c one month
In fact, I find it relaxing.
4 Jenny has always______
a been good at singing b been in a band c liked >i::in2
Do you cook every day?
5 In the morning the students learned to
a breathe and sing b listen and breathe c lister, ind sing
6 At the end of the afternoon, thev could sins _
d Km-
a perfectly b much better c a little better

G have to, don't have to, must, must not, can't
V modifiers: a little (bit), extremely, fairly, really, etc.
P sentence stress You have to come to all the classes.
You don't have to take a test.
How much can you learn in a month?
1 G RAM MAR have to, don't have to, must, must not, can't 3 READING & LISTENING
a Look at these signs. Have you seen any like these in your school? a Do you think people from your country
are good at learning languages? W h y (not)?
B C
Tonights movie:
SILENCE Course fees b Read about Anna, an Am erican journalist
Pirates o f the
Exam to be paid who took an intensive Portuguese course.
Caribbean
in progress in advance
Admission free Then cover the article and answer the
questions.
Extra pronunciation class
5 :0 0 p .m . 1 W hy did Anna choose to learn Portuguese?
2 Where did she take the course?
Match the signs w ith the rules.
3 What did she think was the most difficult

u
1 You have to pay before you start. thing about Portuguese?
2 You dont have to come if you dont want to. 4 Where is she going to take the tests ?
3 You must not eat or drink in here. 5 What five things does she have to do?
4 You must turn off your cell phone. 6 What are the rules?
5 You cant talk near here.
6 You dont have to pay to see this.
c Look at the highlighted expressions and answer the questions.
1 Which two phrases mean...? You have to
It is a rule. Theres an obligation to do this. ____________
2 Which phrase means...? ____________
It isnt obligatory. It isnt necessary.
3 Which two phrases mean...? ____________
It isnt permitted. It is against the rules.
d O p.134 Grammar Bank 5C. Read the rules and do the exercises.

a 5-6 Listen and write the five sentences.
b Listen again and repeat the sentences. Copy the rhythm .
c Make true sentences about the rules in the school where you are
studying English. Use We have to, We don't have to, or We cant.
1 come to class on time,

2 turn off our cell phones,
3 eat or drink in the classroom,
4 come to class on Saturday,
5 bring a dictionary to class,
6 take a final exam,
7 smoke in the building,
8 do homework after each class,
9 take a test every week.
c 15.7 W hich test do you think w ill be the easiest for Anna?
How much can you W hich w ill be the most difficult? Listen to Anna taking the
tests in Sao Paulo and check your answers.
learn in a month? d Listen again. M ark the sentences T (true) or F (false).

Correct the false ones.
I work for a magazine, which was doing an article 1 The taxi driver couldnt speak English.
about Americans learning foreign languages. As an 2 Anna understood the waitresss question.
experiment, they asked me to learn a completely 3 She ordered a small coffee.
new language for one month. Then I had to go to the 4 Anna asked for directions to a bank.
5 She couldnt understand what the woman on the street said.
country and take some tests to see if I could
6 Anna couldnt understand everything the woman on the
survive in different situations. I decided to study phone said.
Portuguese because I've always been fascinated by 7 Anna thought telling the time in Portuguese was very easy.
Brazilian culture and really wanted to travel there. 8 She didnt find out what time it was.
9 Fabiana gave her eight out of ten for her Portuguese.
I took a one-month intensive course at a language
school in Atlanta. At first, Portuguese sounded like
Russian to my ear. Luckily, I found that some words
4 SPEAKING
were similar to English, such as computador a H ow well could you do Annas five tests in English? H ow
(computer) and musica (music). However, the much do you think you can learn in a m onth?
pronunciation turned out to be extremely difficult b Talk to a partner.

for me. Some of the sounds are hard to imitate
Have you ever...
because we don't use them in English. Also, the
spoken in English on the phone? Who to? What about?
spelling is tricky until you get used to it. For seen a movie in English? Which? How much did you understand?
example, the letter r at the beginning of a word spoken to a tourist in English? When? Why?
often sounds like an h in English, and the letter o at read an English book or magazine? Which one(s)?
the end sounds like ooh. So Rio sounds almost like asked for directions in a foreign city? Where? What happened?
"hee-ooh. Wow! learned another foreign language? How well can you speak it?
My course finished yesterday, and Im traveling to

Brazil next week for my tests. A local guide named 5 VOCABULARY modifiers
Fabiana will go with me and will give me a score
The pronunciation was extrem ely difficult.
of 1-10.
I felt a little stupid when the taxi driver spoke perfect English.
These are the tests and the rules:
a Com plete the chart w ith the words in the box.
Tests a little (bit) extremely fairly really very

You have to...
1 get a taxi.
2 order a drink in a cafe.
Portuguese is very difficult.
3 ask for directions (and follow them).
4 call and ask to speak to someone.
5 ask somebody what time it is.
not very
b Com plete the sentences w ith one o f the words, so they

Rules are true for you. Compare w ith a partner.
- you can't use a dictionary or phrasebook.
1 I m good at learning languages.
- you cant speak English at any time. 2 I m motivated to improve my English.
- you must not use your hands or mime. 3 English pronunciation is difficult.
4 English grammar is tricky.
5 I m worried about the next English test.
6 English is useful for my work / studies.
ii expressing movement
V prepositions of movement, sports
1 VOCABULARY & SPEAKING

sports, prepositions of movement
a Look at the photos. Can you name the sports?
W rite them in the correct columns.
play go do
b 4 58 ^ Listen and check.

2 GRAMMAR expressing movement
c In pairs, say...
Which of the sports in a are usually team sports?
How many players are there? 1 You play this sport outside with one, two, or more
players. You have to hit the ball into a small hole. You
In which sports do you.. .the ball?
must not hit the ball into the water.
a hit b throw c kick d shoot
2 You can play this sport outside or inside with two or four
d Ask and answer w ith a partner. players. You have to hit the ball over a net and the
Do you play any sports? Which one(s)? ball must not go out of bounds.
Which sports do you enjoy watching? 3 You usually do this sport outside (but it can be inside).
Which sports do you hate watching? You have to go around a track many times and be the first
Are you (or is anyone in your family) a fan of a sports team? one to go past the finish line. Sometimes you have to
Which one? go around a country, for example, France,
Do you (or they) watch their games? Where?
You play this sport outside with two teams. You have to pass
e W here did the ball go? Com plete w ith a preposition. the ball to other players with your foot and try to kick the ball
into the goal. You cant touch the bail with your hands.
across along down into ever
You play this sport on a field with two teams. You have
to throw the ball to other players and carry the ball into
r"o
the end zone to score a touchdown. You also kick the ball
through two high posts to get points.
IV
a M atch the rules to the sports in 1. W hat are the sports
b 5-9 Listen and check.
The ball went over ., the wall, _ the street, c Look at the sports rules again and the highlighted
the steps,_______ the street, and _ the river. words. How do you express movement in English?
d o p.134 Grammar Bank 5D. Read the rules and

f p.148 Vocabulary Bank Prepositions. Do part 2
do the exercises.
3 PRONUNCIATION prepositions
i M atch the prepositions w ith the phonetics. H ow
do you pronounce the words?
across along around into

over through toward
1 /'into/
/'oovor/
3 /o'raund/
4 /tord/
5 /o'kros/
6 /0 ru/
7 /oToq/
b 5.10Listen and check. Underline the stressed

syllable, and practice saying the prepositions.
c O Communication Cross country p.117, Tell your

Your most exciting
partner where the runner went. sporting moments...
4 READING & SPEAKING This week, Due from Vietnam writes:
i How long does a norm al soccer match last? How The most exciting soccer 1 match I have ever seen was the 1999
Champions League Final between Manchester United and Bayem
m any minutes are added after each half?
Munich in the Nou Camp 2_______ inBarcelona.
b Read the article and complete it with a word from
below. After 90 minutes Manchester United was losing 1-0. The Bayem
Munich 3______ in the stadium were already celebrating their
champions fans goal match field 4 ______ s victory. The Manchester United fans in the stadium
players referee scored stadium team and millions around the world were watching in despair.
There were now just three minutes of added time. Twenty seconds
c Read the text again. Num ber the sentences 1-6. passed and United got a comer. The atmosphere in the stadium
A Manchester United scored their first goal. was incredibly intense. All the Manchester United 5_________
B The Bayern Munich fans started celebrating. (including their goalkeeper) were in the Bayem Munich penalty
area. David Beckham took the corner and Teddy Sheringham
C The 90 minutes finished, and the referee added
three minutes. 6__________ It was 1-1!
D Bayern Munich scored a goal. m The Manchester United fans were ecstatic. There was only about
E Manchester United scored their second goal. 11 one minute left now, but United attacked again and scored another
F The UEFA president left his seat to go to 7__________ Now it was 2-1! Thirty seconds later we heard the
present the cup. _ 8 blowhiswhistle. The match was over. The United
players were the 9_________ ! Many of the Bayem fans and players
d W hat is the most exciting sporting event youve were crying. They had lost the match in less than three minutes.
ever seen? Prepare your answers to these questions.
The next day I read that the UEFA president missed both
1 What sport was it?
Manchester Uniteds goals. He was going down to the ---
2 When and where was it?
to give the cup to the German team when United scored their nrst
3 Who was taking part? goal, and he was going back up to his seat when they scored their
4 Were you there or did you see it on TV? second! He missed the most exciting and unforgettable three
5 What happened? minutes of soccer I have ever seen.
e Ask and answer the questions w ith a partner.
5 s... so n g o We are the champions

At a department store P r a c t ic a l E n g l is h
BUYING CLOTHES
5-12 Listen to A llie shopping.
Answer the questions.
1 What does Allie want to buy?
2 What size is she?
3 Does she try it on?
4 How much does Allie think it costs?
5 How does she pay?
TAKING SOMETHING BACK

a 5.13 Cover the dialogue and listen. W h ats the problem w ith
A llies sweater? Does she exchange it or ask for her m oney back?
YOU HEAR YOU SAY
Can I help you? Yes, I bought this sweater

about half an hour ago.
Yes, I remember. Is there a Yes, I ve decided its too big for me,
W h a t___ is it? Medium.
So you need a ______
I dont see one here Do you have any more?
I ll go and check. Just a ______
I m sorry but we dont have
one in black. Oh dear.
b Listen again. Complete the YOU HEAR phrases.
We can order one for you.
Itll only take a few ______ No, I m leaving on Saturday. c 5.14 Listen and repeat the YOU SAY phrases.
Would you like to exchange it Copy the rhythm .
for _ else? Not really. Could I have a refund?
No problem. Do you d In pairs, role-play the dialogue. A (book
the receipt? Yes, here you are. open) youre the salesperson, B (book
closed) youre Allie. Change roles.
SOCIAL ENGLISH the conference cocktail party

a 5.15 Listen and complete w ith M ark , Allie , or Brad.
1 Allie tells about the shopping and museum.
2 comes to say hello to an d ______
3 is surprised th a t an d ____ met this morning.
4 asks if she wants a drink.
5 is annoyed, but he goes to get the drinks,
b Complete the USEFUL PHRASES. USEFUL PHRASES

Listen again and check. M What did you t of it?
c Listen and repeat
5.16 A Never m ______
the phrases. H ow do you A What a 1______ evening
say them in your language? A I got 1______
M What would you like to d
B What a good i______
Study Link MultiROM
A formal e-mail W r it in g
i
Read the e-mail to a language school. b Look at the highlighted expressions. How would they be
Check ( / ) the questions that Hugo different in an inform al e-mail (or letter)?
wants the school to answer. Formal e-mail Informal e-mail
How much do the courses cost? Dear Sir / Madam, ______________
When do the courses start and finish? I am writing ______________
How many students are there in a class? I would like ______________
Are there business English classes? I look forward to hearing from you ______________
. _ Where can students stay? Sincerely, ______________
Where are the teachers from?
PI
From: Hugo Lopez [hlop31@m edell.net]

To: The Language Center of California [[email protected]]
Subject: Information about courses
Dear Sir / M adam ,
I am writing to ask for information about your language courses. I am especially interested in an
ntensive course of two or three weeks. I am 31 and I work in the library at the National University
o* Colombia at Medellin. I can read English fairly well, but I need to improve my listening and
sneaking. The book I am currently studying is at a pre-intermediate level.
nave looked at your website, but there is no information about intensive courses next summer.
Z ould you please send me information about dates and prices? I would also like some
"formation about accommodation. If possible, I would like to stay with a family. My wife is going
'2 visit me for a weekend when I am at the school. Could she stay with me in the same family?
I look forward to hearing from you.
Sincerely,
-ugo Lopez
-------------
D
Kead the advertisements and choose a course. Think o f two or three questions you would like to ask.
Tennis lessons in Canada

Learn to cook Thai food in northern Thailand. One- or two-week sessions in different
One week sessions, from April to October. parts of the country. Professional tennis
Your accommodation in Chiang Mai is included. coaches. All levels, beginners
to advanced. Small groups or private
k % Beginners welcome. E-mail us for more
lessons. For more information e-mail
information at [email protected]
us at [email protected]
iVRITE a formal e-mail asking for inform ation. W rite two paragraphs.
: aragraph 1 Explain why you are w riting and give some personal inform ation
? iragraph 2 Ask your questions, and ask them to send you inform ation.
CHECK your e-mail for mistakes ( gram m ar , punctuation , and spelling ).

GRAMMAR VOCABULARY
Circle the correct answer, a, b, or c. a verb phrases
Whats name? Complete the sentences.
a yours bjyour c you I dont etljo)L going to parties.
1 We w ant a party next month.
decide dream of forget hate hope learn like need start try
a have
b to have 1 A Which movie would you__________to see? B I dont care. You cho
c having 2 Dont ___________tobuysome milk at the supermarket.
It's often d ifficu lt___ new friends. 3 I __________finding the perfect job someday.
a to make 4 Your hairs very long. You __________to go to the hairdresser.
b make 5 What did you . ? Are you coming or not?
c for make 6 Id like to ________ to play chess. Can you teach me?
I dont have anything to the 7 I always travel by train or car because I _________ flying.
wedding. 8 I __________to see you soon.
a for to wear 9 __________to read in English as much as you can.
b for wear 10 Dont ________ running until you hear uGo.
c to wear
early on a sunny morning b prepositions o f m ovem ent
makes me feel good. Complete the sentences w ith a preposition.
a Waking up
In the 100-meter race the athletes have to run jalong. a track.
b Wake up
1 In golf you have to hit the b all the hole.
c To waking up
2 In tennis you have to hit the b all_____ the net.
My brother doesnt enjoy______
3 In soccer you have to pass the b a ll the other players on your team.
by plane.
4 In auto racing you have to drive a track.
a travel
5 In basketball you have to throw the b all the net.
b to travel
c traveling c sports verbs
I'm tired o f _____ TV. Lets do Complete the sentences w ith play , do , and go in the correct form.
something different.
1 W e ______ baseball every Saturday. 4 She often cycling
a to watch
2 I skiing last year.' . after w orL
b watching aerobics.
3 He judo twice a week. ^ They love
c watch
7 I like Saturdays because I work.
a must not PRONUNCIATION
b dont have to a Underline the word with a different sound
c havent to
8 She cant come to the movies 1 jjjj| hit mind kick finish
because she to study.
C a^ f
a must
g ig ) promise like decide tired
b have
c has
You drive a car without have game race
ja -B
fi
S B J& -
a license.
a cant out around down throw
b must not to
c dont must
^ 4j through must doing two
10 The golf b a ll____ the hill and into
the river.
a down b Underline the stressed syllable,
b downed information
c went down
promise decide forget enjoy practice

i Read the article. Is Alexandra Kosteniuk... ?
1 beautiful but not very good at chess
2 not very beautiful but good at chess
5 beautiful and good at chess
b Read the article again and m ark

the sentences T (tru e), F (false),
or D S (doesnt say).
1 The International Chess Federation
wants chess to have a more modern image.
Alexandra Kosteniuk is changing the Making the game faster is another part
I Alexandra never wears glasses.
world of chess. The International Chess of the campaign to make chess more
3 Alexandras father taught her to play chess. Federation has asked her to be the new face popular. There are now strict time
4 She became a grandmaster after playing of the game, which traditionally has had an limits for making moves. Games that
chess for five years. image of middle-aged men wearing glasses. once lasted for hours can now take
5 She thinks that chess should be more Alexandra started playing chess when she place in five minutes. The longest
popular. was five. She learned to play from her international tournament games,
6 If you have Internet access, you can play father and became a grandmaster when which sometimes took days, now last
chess with Alexandra. she was only 14. Experts say that her game only four to seven hours.
is one of the most exciting they have seen
Nigel Short has an attractive personality. Grandmaster Nigel Short says, 'There
for a long time.
are a lot of attractive women in chess,
Chess is not as popular as it should be, and but Alexandra Kosteniuk has made a
I think I could help it, Kosteniuk said last very big impression. She is obviously
week. It is an honor for me to be described very talented. Any sport needs
as the face of the game. She has her own attractive personalities, and I have
website with pictures, poems, and the no problem with marketing the game
opportunity to play chess against her. through her.
Adapted from a newspaper
CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THESE PEOPLE? CAN YOU SAY THIS IN ENGLISH?
5.17 Listen to five short conversations. Circle a, b, or c. a Can yo u ...? Yes (</)
1 Anna to go to the party. talk about the last party you went to
a wants b doesnt want c isnt sure if she wants D talk about what makes you feel good and why
2 The concert w as______ say what you have to do to learn a language
a awful b pretty good c very good describe the rules for a sport you know
3 Claudia is late for class.
Complete the questions w ith a verb
a never b hardly ever c often
in the -ing form or infinitive.
4 The woman speaks very well.
I Where do you want for your
a Spanish b Italian c Portuguese
next vacation?
5 Henri kicked the b a ll______
2 Have you ever tried to learn ?
a into the goal b over the top of the goal c to the left of the goal What happened?
: 5-18 Listen and complete the form for the sports center. 3 Do you enjoy ? W hy (not)?
4 Do you have to at work / school?
Sport: Day: 2_ 5 What sport would you lik e ?
Time: from 3 to 4 _ c Ask your partner the questions in b.

Name: 5 Cost: 6 Ask for more inform ation.
G if+ present, will + base form (first conditional)
V confusing verbs
P vowels
1 GRAMMAR if+ present, will + base form

a Read the beginning of the story. W hy do you think the Italian doesnt want to lend his newspaper to the American?
M r on the Orient Express'

A young American was traveling to Venice on the Orient Express.
It was a long trip, and he was bored. Sitting opposite him there
was an Italian man. He was about 50 years old. He had an
English newspaper on the seat next to him. I
Excuse me, the American said. Can I borrow your newspaper?
No, said the Italian. Im sorry. You cant.
Why not? asked the American.
Well," said the Italian, its very simple...
b Look at the pictures. Num ber the rest o f the story 1-9. 2 VOCABULARY confusing verbs
If you meet Nicoletta, youll fall in love with her. a W h ats the difference between know and meet,
If we start talking, well become friends. and borrow and lend7. U nderline the right verb.
[ I If I invite you to my house, youll meet my beautiful 1 Youll know / meet my beautiful daughter, Nicolett
daughter, Nicoletta
2 Do you know / meet my sister's boyfriend?
So thats why I wont lend you my newspaper.
3 Can I borrow / lend your newspaper?
If I find you, I ll kill you.
4 If I borrow / lend you my newspaper,
If you fall in love with her, youll run away together. well start talking.
! ] If we become friends, I ll invite you to my house in Venice.
DU If I lend you my newspaper, well start talking.
b p.149 Vocabulary Bank Verbs. Do part 2 .
If you run away, I ll find you.

3 READING
c 6-1 Listen and check. Then cover sentences 1-9 and
a If you are in a supermarket and you change lines,
look at the pictures. Try to remember the sentences.
what w ill happen?
d Look at the sentences again. W hat tense is the verb after z/?
W hat tense is the other verb? b Read the first paragraph of the article Murphy's
Law. W ho was Murphy? W hat exactly is his law?
e O p.136 Grammar Bank 6A. Read the rules and
do the exercises. c Read the rest o f the article. Can you guess how
the examples 1-8 o f M urphys Law finish?
4 PRONUNCIATION vowels
W a 62 Listen and repeat the pairs of vowels.
Practice making the difference.
jj ^
1 9 |
***#
Murphy's Law
du change lines in a supermarket, what will happen?
e line that you were in before will move more quickly.
*: j know what will happen because there's a law of life
- at says, "if something bad can happen, it will happen."
5 called Murphy's Law, and it took its name from Captain
::.*.ard Murphy, an American airplane engineer in the
' ?-0s. He was investigating why planes crashed, and not &
_ rrisingly, he got a reputation for always thinking of the
.erst thing that can happen in every situation...
At home
f you wash your car,...
I ; you look for something you lost,...
b Put these words into the chart.
Social life
beautiful excuse fall got if law
* f you wear something white,...
leave look meet move opposite push
4 ;f someone near you is smoking,.,. I]
seat stop talk took w ill win
Shopping
f f you find something that you really like in a store,... c 63 Listen and check. Practice saying the words.
: * you take something that doesn't work back to a store,... I I d p.157 Sound Bank. Look at the typical spellings
transportation for these sounds,
y If you stop waiting for a bus and start walking,...
: * you get to the station and a train is Just leaving,... D 5 SPEAKING
In pairs or small groups, invent some new
i Now match the examples 1-8 with A-H below M urphy s Laws beginning with the sentence
halves below.
A you'll spill coffee on it.
B it'll rain. If you're single and you meet somebody you really like,...
C they won't have it in your size. If you throw something away,...
D it'll be your train. If you park a long way from where you're going,...
E the bus will come. If your baby goes to sleep late,...
F it'll start working.
If you're driving somewhere and you're in a hurry,...
C you'll find it in the last place you look.
If you arrive very early to catch a plane,...
H the smoke will always go directly toward you.
If you get to work late,...
: In pairs, look only at the first half o f the sentences If you leave your cell phone at home,...
in the text. How m any o f the laws can you
If you push a door,...
remember? Can you think o f any others?
G if+ past, would + base form (second conditional)
Would you survive? We all enjoy seeing wild

animals on television.
But what would happen if
we met one in real life?
Take our animal quiz and
see if you would survive.
1 What would you do ...
... if you were in the middle of a river and suddenly you saw
a crocodile swimming quickly toward you?
a I would try to swim to the shore as quickly as possible,
b I wouldnt move. Id stay still and wait for the crocodile to go away,
c I would try to hit the crocodile in the face.

... if you were in a forest and a very large bear came toward you?
a I would climb up the nearest tree.
b I would lie on the ground and pretend to be dead.
c I would run away as fast as I could.

... if you were in the middle of a field and a bull started running toward you?
a I would run.
b t would throw something (e.g., my hat) in another direction,
c I would shout and wave my arms.
1 SPEAKING & LISTENING

a Read the quiz and put a check (/ ) next to your answers, a, b, or c. Com pare w ith a partner.
b Now listen to a survival expert. D id you choose the right answer?

c Listen again. W h y are the other two answers wrong? Com pare what you heard w ith a partner.
2 GRAMMAR if +past, would + base form PRONUNCIATION stress and rhythm

a Look at question 1 in Would you survive? and answer a 6-5 Listen and repeat the sentence halves
these questions. and then the whole sentence. Copy the rhythm.
1 Is the crocodile situation...? 1 If I saw a crocodile, Id climb a tree.
a one that could easily happen to you 2 WTiat would you do if you saw a snake?
OR 3 We could have a dog, if we had a yard.
b one that is not very probable 4 If a bear attacked me, I wouldn't move.
2 What tense of the verb goes after if ? 5 If I were you, Id go on a safari.
3 What is the form of the other verbs in the question
and in the answers? b Cover the right-hand column. Try to remember
the sentences.
b o p.136 Grammar Bank 6B. Read the rules and
do the exercises.
VOCABULARY animals 6 READING
Answer the questions w ith a partner. a Can you remember the best way to survive a crocodile attack'
1 Do you (or did you ever) have a pet? What? b Read the article about crocodiles and m ark the sentences
2 W hafs the most dangerous animal in T (tru e), F (false), or D S (doesnt say).
your country?
1 The Australian crocodile is bigger than all other kinds.
3 Whats your favorite movie about an animal?
2 Crocodiles can run faster than horses.
4 W hats your favorite cartoon animal? 3 Crocodiles only attack you if you are in the water.
5 If you went on a safari, what animal 4 The German tourist didnt know that there might be crocodiles in the lake
would you most like to see? 5 The crocodile also attacked the womans friends.
6 Are there any animals or insects that you are 6 The Australian boy was killed when he and his friends went
really afraid of? swimming in a river.
7 If you were an animal, what would you like 7 His friends escaped by climbing a tree.
to be? 8 Norman Pascoes aunt was attacked by a crocodile.
9 She hit the crocodile on the nose, and it opened its mouth.
o p.151 Vocabulary Bank Animals.
6.6 Listen. W h ich anim al can you hear? HE AUSTRALIAN CROCODILE
is the largest crocodile in the
i world. It can grow up to seven
SPEAKING meters long, and the biggest can weigh
Choose five questions up to 1,000 kilos. It has only two muscles
and ask your partner. to open its mouth but 40 to close it!
What would you do... What makes crocodiles so dangerous

... if you saw a mouse is that they attack extremely quickly,
in your bedroom? and they take their victims under the
... if you were driving water to drown them. They usually
and a bee flew into attack in the water, but they can suddenly come out of a river and attack
the car? animals or people. And they can run on land as fast as 17 kilometers per hour.
... if you saw a spider in the bathtub?
Every year in Australia there are crocodile attacks on humans. Two years ago
... if you were on a beach that was famous
a 24-year-old German tourist died when she went for a swim in a lake.
for shark attacks?
Although there were signs warning people that there might be crocodiles,
... if someone offered to buy you a fur coat? woman and her friends decided to go for a midnight swim. The
... if you went to your friends house for woman suddenly disappeared, and the next morning her
dinner and they gave you horse meat? body was found. Near it was a four-meter-
... if your neighbors dog barked all night? long crocodile. And only last month two
... if a friend asked you to watch their Australian boys watched in horror as their
cat or dog? friend was killed by a crocodile when
they were washing their bikes in a river.
They climbed a tree and stayed there for
22 hours while the crocodile waited below.
But you CAN survive a crocodile attack. Last year

Norman Pascoe, a 19-year-old, was saved from a
crocodile when his aunt hit it on the nose. Norman's aunt
said: "I hit it and I shouted, 'Help!' The crocodile suddenly
opened its mouth and my nephew escaped."
c Cover the text. In pairs, can you remember what these numbers refer to?
7 1,000 40 17 24 22 19
d Read the text again and check your answers.
7 6-7 SONG S] Wouldn't it be nice?

G may / might (possibility)
V word building: noun formation
P sentence stress, -ion endings
I might go, but I might not.
Decisions, decisions
1 SPEAKING 2 GRAMMAR may / might

a Com plete the definitions w ith words from a 6-8 Cover the dialogue and listen. W ho is
the box. Underline the stressed syllable. indecisive, Roz or M ari? About what?
decision decisive indecisive decide

R Hi, Mari. Its me... Roz.
M Hi, Roz.
] /di'said/ verb think about two or more R Listen, Mari. Its about
possibilities and choose one the party tonight.
M Youre going, arent you?
2 ________ /di'sijn/ noun from 1
R I dont know. I m not sure.
3 ________ /di'saisiv/ adj good at making decisions I m ight but I might not.
I cant decide.
4 ________/indi'saisrv/ adj not good at making decisions
M Oh, come on. Youll love it. And
you m ight somebody new.
b Interview your partner with the questionnaire. R OK. I ll go then.
Ask for more inform ation. W hich of you is M Good. So what are you going
more indecisive? to wear?
R Thats the other problem. I m not
sure what to wear. I m ight____
Are you indecisive? my new black pants. Or maybe
the red dress - what do you think?
CO M If I were you, Id wear the red dress.
0)
R But the red dress m ay too
a? small for me now...
to o E
z W
CO M Well, wear the black pants then.
R OK. I ll wear the black pants.
Do you find it difficult to make decisions?
M How are you getting there?
Do you have problems deciding... R I m ight with Eduardo... or
Ruth... or I m ay there...
- what to wear when you go out?
I m not sure yet.
- what to eat in a restaurant? M OK, I ll see you there. Bye.
Bye.
- what to do in your free time?
- where to go on vacation? M Hello?

R Mari? Its me again. Roz. Listen
- what to buy when you go shopping?
I changed my mind. Sorry. I m
Do you often change your mind not going to go to the party.
about something?
Do you think you are indecisive?

b Listen again and complete the conversation.
Yes. No. Im not sure.
J c U nderline the verb phrases in the dialogue w ith may i might.
Do we use them fo r...?
1 an obligation OR 2 a possibility
d O p.136 Grammar Bank 6C. Read the rules and do the exercise
6
3 PRONUNCIATION & SPEAKING 5 VOCABULARY noun formation
a 6.9 Listen and repeat the may / might phrases from the
dialogue. Copy the rhythm . Are may and might stressed?
A W ith some verbs you can make a noun by
adding -ion, -sion , or -ation , for example,
b Communication Decisions, decisions A p.l 10 Bp. 115. decide > decision; imagine > imagination
In pairs, role-play being indecisive.
a Com plete the chart.
4 READING Verb Noun
a You are going to read some tips to help people make confuse confusion
decisions. Before you read, cover the text. In pairs, decide decision
try to predict what one o f the tips w ill be.
imagine imagination
b Q uickly look through the article. Is your tip there? inform
Then complete the text w ith the verbs below. elect
ask compare confuse feel have invite
make (x 2 ) take use wait organize
educate
c Read the article again. In pairs, try to decide which tip
translate
is the best. Can you think o f one other tip?
communicate
b 6-W Listen and check. Underline the stressed

syllable in the verbs and nouns.
1 How do you pronounce -sion and -tion ?
2 Where is the stress in nouns that finish in -ion7.
c Complete the questions w ith a noun from a.
1 When was the last time you had to make a big

?
*
2 What kind o f_________ do you often get from

How to make decisions the Internet?
3 When was the last time you had a n _________
When you have to choose to a wedding?
4 Who won the last general__________in your
between two possibilities: country?
5 Do you belong to any (for example,
. 1 Take your time. The most important thing is not to Greenpeace, etc.)?
make a decision in a hurry. 6 What do you think is the best form o f _________
. 2 ______a list of the positive and negative points for both e-mail, telephone, or text-messaging?
options. Then decide which points are most important and
d In pairs, ask and answer the questions in c. Ask
3_________ the two lists.
for more inform ation.
. If you 4__________ other people for their advice, don't ask
more than one or two. If you ask a lot of people, this will
probably 5________ you.
. 6__________your imagination to help you. Imagine yourself in

both situations. How do you 7__________? Relaxed or stressed?
. After you've made a decision, 8 ____a little while

before you tell other people, to see how you feel. If you feel
comfortable with your decision after an hour, then you have
probably made the right decision.
. Finally, remember that you can't9__________ everything.

Choosing one of two possibilities always means that you
can't have the one you didn't choose. And it's impossible
to always 10_________ the right decision!
G should/ shouldn't
V get
P I d /, sentence stress
You should talk to her.
What should I do?
1 LISTENING & READING

a Read this inform ation about a radio show. RADIO guide
1 What kind of program is it?
2 Why do people call the program? W H ATS THE PROBLEM?
3 Would you call a program like this? W eekdays 8:00-8:45 a.m .
Daily advice program with Jack

b 6-11 Listen to three people calling
Green. W hatever your problem,
What's the Problem? Then complete the
sentences w ith one word. call the program and ask for
help. Listeners can e-mail their
clothes jealousy money
suggestions to the W hats the
Barbaras problem is about__ Problem? website. Todays subject
K evins problem is about____ is friends.
Catherines problem is about__________ i
c Now listen again. W hat exactly are their problems? Compare what you understood w ith your partner.
d Read the e-mails that listeners sent to the What's the Problem? website.
M atch two e-mails to each problem. W rite Barbara, Kevin, or Catherine.
V ' ' -fe 1
V ": ' - <
v .*m-h-. u>
'*
>' .\(V
AUTHO R M ESSA G E AUTHO R M ESSA G E
1 Hi Hi
I think you should talk to your girlfriend, not CQ I think it depends on whether your friend is
rnmrnm good company or not. If he is, then I think
your friend. She might like the way your friend _>
treats her. Maybe thats why he does it. mwarn you should pay for him. If not, dont tell
< IS) him where youre going when you go out.
Why dont you tell her to ask him to stop?
Silvia
Aki
Dear
Dear. When your friend gets home tonight, I think
s
y
If I were you, I wouldnt say anything to
your friend. I think you should lock your
you should talk to her. Say Im really sorry but
Im a little bit obsessive about my things. I dont
a-
clothes in a closet. Sh e ll soon get the like other people touching them. That way
message, and that way youll stay friends. shell stop, but she wont get angry or offended.
Marcia Lian
H i_________ ,
Hi
C You definitely shouldnt pay for him. When the
You shouldnt be so sensitive. Its not really
Ml
%asr waiter brings the check, pretend that nobody
a problem; it just shows your friend thinks tr has money to pay for him. Then hell have to
Immi you have good taste. And dont argue with <T3
BB make an excuse to the waiter, and maybe
your friend. Women arent worth it.
K
hell learn that he has to pay for himself.

Darren
Martyn
e Now read the e-mails again. In pairs, say which advice you think is best for each person and why.
70
2 GRAMMAR should/ shouldn't 5 VOCABULARY get
a Highlight examples of should and shouldn't a Look at these sentences from exercise 1. M atch
in the e-mails on page 70. the examples o f get w ith meanings A-D.
b Does You should talk to your girlfriend m ean...? 1 I m sure youll soon get some e-mails
with good advice. _
1 You have to talk to your girlfriend.
2 When your friend gets home tonight,
2 I think its a good idea if you talk, to your girlfriend.
you should talk to her. _
c O p.136 Grammar Bank 6D. Read the rules and 3 She wont get angry with you.
do the exercises. 4 I get along very well with her.
A receive B be friendly with

3 PRONUNCIATION & SPEAKING !ui C become D arrive
a 6.12 Listen and repeat. W rite the words.
1 /Jud/ = should 4 /'wudnt/ - b o p.152 Vocabulary Bank get
2 /Judnt/ = 5 /kod/ = c In pairs, take the get questionnaire.
3 /wod/ = 6 /'kodnt/ =
6-13 Listen and repeat these sentences. Copy the rhythm .

1 You should talk to your friend.
2 You shouldnt be so sensitive.
3 You should lock your clothes in a closet.
4 You definitely shouldnt pay for your friend.
5 What should I do?
6 Should I write to him?
4 W RITIN G & SPEAKING

a Choose one o f the problems below and w rite a short note
giving advice.
Its my girlfriends birthday next week, and

want to surprise her with a special present
or a special evening somewhere. What
should I do?
My friend has gone away on vacation for 1 Do you ever get to school / work late?
two weeks, and Im taking care of her cat. When was the last tim e?
Yesterday I couldnt find the cat anywhere.
2 When was the last tim e you got lost?
My friend is coming home in three days. Im
desperate. Should I call her now and tell her? W here w ere you trying to go? W hat happened?
What should I do?
3 W hat makes you get angry?
W hen was the last tim e you got really angry? W hy?
My best friend wants to borrow some money
to help her buy a car. I have the money, and 4 W hen was the last tim e you got a present?
she says shell pay me back next year. But W hat was it? W ho was it from ?
Im worried that its not a good idea to lend
money to friends. What should I do? 5 W ho do you get along with best in your fam ily?
Is there anybody you don't get along with?
I really want to get in shape and exercise
more. The problem is I hate going to gyms, and 6 W hat do you think is the best age to get married?
theyre very expensive. And there are no parks W hy?
near me to go running. What should I do?
7 Which problems in your country are getting better
Which are getting worse?
b In pairs, read each others notes. Decide which problem
they refer to. Do you agree w ith the advice? W hy (not)?
C \ At the pharmacy P r a c t ic a l E n g l i s h
ASKING FOR HELP

Listen and underline the correct phrase.
1 Allie asks the receptionist for some aspirin / painkillers.
2 Allie has a headache / backache.
3 The receptionist gives / doesnt give her medicine.
4 Allie wants / doesnt want a doctor, r ----------
5 The pharmacy is / isnt near the hotel. S US EnSlish pharmacy
U K English chemist's
ASKING FOR M EDICINE

a 6.15 Cover the dialogue and listen. W hat does the
pharm acist give her? How often does she have to take them?
H ow much are they?
YOU HEAR YOU SAY
Good morning. Can I help you? I have a bad cold. Do you have
something I can take?
W hat do you have? I have a headache and a cough.
Do you have a ? No, I dont think so.
Does your back ? No. b Listen again. Com plete the YOU HEAR phrases.
Are you allergic to any drugs? I m allergic to penicillin.
aspirin better hurt symptoms
No problem. These are______
temperature twenty-four
These w ill make you feel______ How many do I have to take?
Two every four hours. Sorry? How often? c 6.16 Listen and repeat the YOU SAY phrases.
Every four hours. If you dont Copy the rhythm.
feel better in hours,
you should see a doctor. OK, thanks. How much are they? d In pairs, role-play the dialogue. A (book open)
$4.75, please. Thank you. youre the pharmacist, B (book closed) youre
Youre welcome. Allie. Change roles.
SOCIAL ENGLISH talking about the party

a 6.17 Listen and m ark the sentences T (true) or F (false).
1 Mark apologizes for getting angry last night.
2 Allie thinks Brad is annoying.
3 Brad isnt Allies type of man.
4 Today is Allies last day. USEFUL PHRASES
5 Theyre going to have dinner M B you!
on a boat.
M Im really sorry a______
b Complete the USEFUL PHRASES. (last night).
Listen again and check. A What do you m______?
M H ______ about
c 6.18 Listen and repeat the (a boat trip around the bay)?
phrases. How do you say them
A That s fantastic.
in your language?
Study Link MultiROM

Writing to a friend W r itin g z s : i
From: Daniel
To: Alessandra
Subject: Visit
Hi Alessandral
Thanks for your last e-mail. I hope your exams went well.
I have some exciting news, and Im writing to 1 ask for
your advice.
12 to go on vacation to Argentina next year. What
do you 3 is the best month for me to come? I can
only come for three weeks, so which places do you think I
should 4______ ? Do you think I should 5______a car or
travel around by bus or train?
Im planning to 5 a few days in and around Mendoza,
and it would be great if we could 7 Can you
8 a good hotel (not too expensive)?
Hope to hear from you soon!

Best wishes,
Daniel
a Read the e-mail and complete it with these verbs.
ask meet recommend rent spend think visit want
b Im agine that D aniel has w ritten to you about visiting

your country. Plan how youre going to answer his
questions. Com pare w ith a partner.
c Look at the USEFUL PHRASES. W hat are the missing words?
USEFUL PHRASES
1 Thanks your e-mail.
2 It was great to hear you again.
3 I m really happy that you w ant visit my country.
4 I think you should com e July.
5 If I were you, I d travel__ bus.
6 Im looking forw ard____ seeing you soon
WRITE an e-mail to Daniel. Use the phrases in c to help you.

Paragraph 1 Thank him for his e-mail, etc.
Paragraph 2 Answer his questions about your country. Give reasons.
Paragraph 3 Answer his question about your town. Give reasons.
CHECK your e-mail for mistakes ( gram m ar , punctuation ,

and spelling ).
E H
GRAMMAR VOCABULARY
Circle the correct answer, a, b, or c. a confusing verbs
Whats name? G ross out the wrong verb.
a yours ip, your c you
I dont watch / look-at TV very often.
1 If we start walking, the bus _ 1 Where did you know / meet your husband?
a come 2 Shh! Theyre making / doing their homework.
b came 3 How much money does she earn / win?
c w ill come 4 He was carrying / wearing a black umbrella.
2 Dario come to the party if his 5 You look / look like your sister. You have the same eyes.
ex-girlfriend is there,
a wont b animals
b dont W rite the names o f the animals.
c doesnt Its a popular pet and it barks. dog.
If w e lines, the first line will move 1 Its a big cat and it lives in Africa.
more quickly. 2 It has eight legs and it eats flies.
a change 3 People ride this animal in races.
b w ill change 4 Its the largest animal in the sea.
c changed 5 Its a male cow and it can be dangerous.
What would you do if yo u a bear?
a saw c noun form ation
b w ill see Make nouns from these verbs,
c see imagine imagination
If we had a yard, w e a dog. 1 communicate ____________
a 11 have 2 organize _____ _______
b d have 3 discuss ______ _
had 4 translate ____________
go to the party. Im not sure. 5 decide ____________
might
b w ill PRONUNCIATION
c may to a Underline the word w ith a different sound
7 The bank open today.
Its a holiday,
1 rob lose shopping problem
a may not be
b may not to be
we meet lion sheep
c may to
8 I think yo u ____ go to the doctor.
a would carry camel watch happen
b should to
c should olM T garden start married shark
9 Sh e ..... come home so late.
a not should zoo food you mouse
b shouldnt
c shouldnt to b Underline the stressed syllable.
10 If I you, Id talk to your girlfriend. information
a were
13
b be advice crocodile decision happen translation
c am
CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THIS TEXT? CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THESE PEO PLE?
a Read the article and match the questions a 6-19 Listen and circle the correct answer, a, b, or c.
and answers. 1 The man and woman decide to __________
a walk b wait c get a taxi
A question 2 The wom an_________ Deborah.

a knows b hasnt met c wouldnt like to meet
of principles 3
4
Is the woman afraid of mice?
a Yes. b No. c We dont know.
Where does the man decide to go?
The first of a new series in which celebrities a home b to the cafe c to a movie
answer questions on moral dilemmas. This week, 5 What pet does the woman think he should buy?
radio presenter Stephen Bruce. a a fish b a cat c a hamster
A If your girlfriend were allergic to the dog youve
b 620 Listen and m ark the sentences T (true)
had for ten years, would you give your dog away?
or F (false).
B If your boss gave you tickets to the theater and 1 Dave got married five years ago.
you forgot to go, would you tell him the truth 2 His wife just had a baby.
when he asked? 3 Daves wife doesnt give him much attention.
4 Dave is more tired than his wife.
C If your young daughters hamster died, would
5 The advice he gets is to help his wife more.
you buy an identical one or tell her the truth?
D If a coworker told everyone that he was 45, CAN YOU SAY THIS IN ENGLISH?
but you knew he was five years older, would
a Can yo u ...? Yes ( / )
you keep his secret?
say three things youll do if it rains tomorrow
E If a celebrity were having a secret romance with say what you would do if you were attacked by a
your neighbor, would you sell the story to a newspaper? crocodile
say what you might do this weekend
1 Id tell everybody the truth, probably in front of him. say what you should or shouldnt do if you have
think telling lies about your age is ridiculous. problems sleeping
2 No, Id say that it was the best show Ive ever seen! b W rite second conditional questions.
I wouldnt want to offend him. But he would probably 1 What / you do if / lose / wallet?
guess I was lying. 2 What / you do if / win the lottery?
3 What / you do if / find some money in the street?
Im afraid the dog would win! Id tell my girlfriend that 4 What / you do if / have more free time?
my dog and I had been together for a longtime, but
5 What / you do if / can speak perfect English?
that she might not be here next week.
c Ask your partner the questions in b. Ask for more
It would be an interesting story - my neighbor is a inform ation.
92-year-old, bald Swedish man! No, I wouldnt. Id just
tell my girlfriend.
Id buy another one. It happened to me once when the

childrens goldfish died. I bought another one, but
they saw that it was different. I told them it had
put on weight.
b Read the article again. Guess the meaning o f the

highlighted words or phrases. Check w ith the
teacher or your dictionary.
G present perfect + for and since
V words related to fear
P h/ and /ai/, sentence stress I've been afraid of spiders
since I was a child.

a M atch the words
w ith the pictures.
flying
heights
closed spaces
open spaces
snakes
spiders LJ
bees
water
Are you afraid o f any o f these things?

W hy? Do you know any people who are?
I'm afraid of flying.
Were all afraid...
I have a friend who is afraid of water.
Famous people have phobias like the rest of us,
He can't swim. and sometimes they seriously affect their lives.
Read the article and complete each W inona Ryder, American actress
paragraph w ith a word from a. Winona Ryder has been afraid o f since 1983.
When she was 12 years old, she fell into a lake and
U n derline the four words in the text
almost died. Luckily someone pulled her out, and after
related to being afraid.
a few minutes she came back to life again. It can be
a real problem when she's making a movie. For
GRAMMAR present perfect +for example, in some of the scenes in Alien III, she had
to get into a boat, and she was terrified.
and since
Read about W inona Ryder again and
answer the questions. Rupert Grint, British actor
Rupert Grint has been afraid o f since he was
When did she begin to be afraid of water?
In _____ a child. In this respect he is like the character he played
in the Harry Potter movies, Ron Weasley, who is also
Is she afraid of water now? YES/NO
frightened of them. Rupert had a very hard time in the
second Harry Potter movie, when he and Harry had to
Com plete the answers w ith a year or a
fight a giant one (the size of an elephant) with very
number o f years.
hairy legs!
How long has she been afraid of water?
She has been afraid of water sin ce_____ Dennis Bergkamp, former soccer player
She has been afraid of water fo r years. Dennis Bergkamp has been afraid o f since 1994.
He was on a plane in the US with the Dutch national
Complete the rule w ith for and since.
team during the World Cup tournament. A journalist said
U se with a period of time. that there was a bomb on the plane (there wasn't), and
U se with a point in time. everybody started to panic, including Dennis. He decided
never to travel by plane again. Because of his fear,
o p.138 Grammar Bank 7A. Read the Bergkamp could not play in many important matches
rules and do the exercises. for Holland, Inter Milan, and Arsenal.
3
a 7-1 Listen to Scott, a doctor, talking about his cat phobia.
W hat happens if he sees a cat?
Listen again and answer the questions.

1 Whats the medical name of his phobia? 4 Does his phobia affect his work?
2 How long has he had his phobia? 5 What treatment is he getting?
3 How did it start? 6 Does he think his phobia will disappear?
4 PRONUNCIATION ill and /ai/, sentence stress

a Put these words in the correct colum n.
child children in Ive like life line

live (v) mine minute (n) since win
b 72 Listen and check. Practice saying the words.
c Practice saying the sentences.

Ive lived here since I was a child.
Ive liked rice since I lived in China.
d 7.3 Listen and repeat the questions. Copy the rhythm .

1 lived here have you lived here How long have you lived here?
2 known her have you known her How long have you known her?
3 been married have they been married How long have they been married?
4 had his dog has he had his dog How long has he had his dog?
5 SPEAKING
Ask and answer in pairs. the other students in this class
A ask B six How long ...? questions
your best friend
with a verb phrase.
B answer with for or since. the teacher
Give more information if you can.
Then change roles.
in this town
How long have you known your best friend?
in your house or apartment
Since we were in elementary school together.
in this school
married
a lawyer, nurse, etc,
your car
the shoes youre wearing
your watch
7
u presem pencil ur simple past'
V biographies
P word stress in Knoxville, Tennessee
Born to direct
1 VOCABULARY & PRONUNCIATION

a Underline the stressed syllable in the highlighted words below. Hitchcock or Tarantino?
Events in your life
1 He appeared in small roles in almost all
go to college fall in love of his movies. H
be born get divorced 2 He was a very intelligent child, but he had
go to elementary school have children difficulties with reading and writing. He quit
start work get married school when he was 15 and went to work
in a movie theater, where he checked
graduate from college go to high school
tickets at the entrance.
die separate n 3 He was born in London in 1899.
retire graduate from
4 His muse is Uma Thurman, who he
high school
has directed in several of his most
successful movies.
b 7.4 Listen and check. Practice saying the phrases.
c Num ber the expressions in what you think is a logical order.

Com pare w ith a partner. Do you agree?
2 READING & SPEAKING

a Look at the m ovie photos. In pairs, answer the questions.
1 Who directed the movies?
2 Have you seen either of the movies? What kind of movies are they?
b Read fifteen facts about the lives o f the two directors.

In pairs, decide which eight are about Hitchcock,
5 He was married, and his daughter Patricia
and which seven are about Tarantino. W rite H or T.
appeared in several of his movies.
c A re-read the facts about Hitchcock, and B about Tarantino. 6 He went to school at St. Ignatius College,
in London, and later studied art at the
d W ork in pairs.
University of London.
A (Book closed) in your own words say everything
7 He was famous for not liking actors. He
you can remember about Hitchcock.
once said, "All actors are children and
B (Book open) listen and help. Then change roles. B Say everything should be treated like cattle."
you can remember about Tarantino.
8 He was born in Knoxville, Tennessee,
in 1963.
3 GRAMMAR present perfect or simple past?
a Answer the questions.
1 Look at the eight facts about Hitchcocks life.
What tense are all the verbs? Why?
2 Look at the seven facts about Tarantinos life.
What three tenses are there? Why?
b p.138 Grammar Bank 7B. Read the rules and

do the exercises.
4 SPEAKING
a Think about a member o f your fam ily (who is alive), tor examp e,
a parent, uncle, aunt, or grandparent. Prepare to answer the
questions below about their life.
The past The present

Where / born? Where / live now?
Where / go to school? How long / live there?
Is he / she married?
When / start work?
How long / be married?
When / get married?
Is he / she retired?
How long has he / she be retired?
How many children / have?
b A interview B about their person. Ask for more inform ation.

Then change roles.
9 He spent a short time in prison because | , 5 LISTENING

he could not pay a parking ticket. I !
a Look at the photo o f Sofia
10 His muse was Grace Kelly (later Princess Coppola and her father. W hat
Grace of Monaco), who he directed in do they both do?
several of his movies. I___
11 He died in 1980.
b Youre going to listen to part
o f a T V program about Sofia
12 He began his career as an actor. His
Coppola. Look at the
biggest role was in an episode of the
inform ation below. Before
TV series The Golden Girls. He played
the part of a man who impersonated you listen, guess what the
Elvis Presley. ___ connection is w ith her.
I think she directed The Godfather.

No, she was too young.
New York 1971

A
7 Lost in Translation The Godfather
(Oscar nomination)
Spike Jonze
The Godfather Part II!
(movie director
(Mary Corleone)
^ 1999 - The Virgin California Institute

Suicides of Art
13 He never won an Oscar for Best Director,
although he was nominated five times.
When the Academy finally gave him an c 75 Now listen and take notes. Compare with a partner.
honorary Oscar, he received a standing
d In pairs, ask and answer the questions.
ovation. He just said, 'Thank you" and
left the stage. Have you seen any of the movies in b? Which onet s ? Did you like it themf
4 He has been nominated for an Oscar for Have you seen a good movie recently? Which one? W ho was in it'
Best Director, but he hasn't won one yet. Whats the best movie youve seen this year? Who directed it?
15 He says he hates drugs and violence, Whats the worst movie youve seen this year? Who directed it'
but they appear a lot in his movies.
G used to
V school subjects: history, geography, etc.
P sentence stress: used to / didn't use to Did you use to like elementary school?
Yes,
1 READING
a Look at the picture. Does it A famous rebel - but was he really?
make you think of your school
ic k Ja g g e r went back to his old
days? W h y (n o t)?
b Look at the photos and read the

M school recently - for the first time
since he graduated in 1961. He was
article about M ick Jagger. Do you invited to the school to open the Mick
think he was really a rebel when Jagger Performing Arts Centre, a new
he was in school? W h y (not)?
music and drama department at
c Read the text again. In pairs, guess the Dartford Grammar School.
meaning of the highlighted words.
Jagger said that he was "honored" that
the center was named after him. But in
2 GRAMMAR used to a newspaper interview two days earlier
a Underline six phrases w ith used to / he told a journalist that in fact he hated
didn't use to in the text. Does used to school and that he used to be a rebel.
refer to ...
He didn't use to do the homework - "there was far too much"- and he was
1 the present or the past? continually at war with the teachers. He used to break the rules all the
2 things that happened once or for time, especially rules he thought were stupid, about how to wear the school
a long time?
uniform and things like that. Once he even organized a mass protest
against "appalling" school dinners. "It was probably the greatest contribution
b O p.138 Grammar Bank 7C. Read
the rules and do the exercises. to school I ever made," he said. Although he made a good start at school,
Jagger said his school work deteriorated
because of "music and girls."
However, according to one of his old

school friends, musician Dick Taylor,
this is not true. He says that Mick didn't
use to be a rebel at all - he was very
bright and used to work hard. He also
used to play a lot of sports.
Also Mick's school records show that

he was a very good student. So maybe
Dick's memory is better than Mick's...
3 LISTENING 5 VOCABULARY school subjects
2 Look at the photos of Melissa when she was in a M atch the words w ith the pictures.
school and today. How has she changed?
SSwfr/lltH!
/ p o e. ~r
PE (=physical education)
geography
computer science
math
history
foreign languages (English, etc.)
literature
b 76 Listen to her talking about her school
days. Was she a rebel or a good g irl in school?
science (physics, chemistry, and biology)
W h at does she do now?
b 79 Listen and practice saying the words.
; Listen again. M ark the sentences T (true) or F (false).
c Think about when you were 11 or 12 years old. Talk about
1 Melissa is a teenager in the photo. each subject w ith one of the expressions below. Say why.
2 She used to write things on the walls.
I used to / didnt use to lik e _____
3 She didnt like any of the subjects at school.
4 Her least favorite subject was PE. I didn't use to like math. I was really bad at it.
5 The PE teacher made them try to do difficult things.
6 She used to break the rules about the school uniform.
7 She wanted to be a doctor. 6 SPEAKING
8 Her parents wanted her to be a teacher. a Think about when you were 11 or 12. W ere these
things true or false about you? W hy?
4 PRONUNCIATION sentence stress I used to be a rebel. I used to play a lot of sports,
I used to work hard. I used to wear glasses.
A used to and (didn't) use to are both pronounced
I used to like all the teachers. I used to wear a uniform.
/'yusts/.
I used to hate school. I used to have longer ha r.
a 77 Listen and underline the stressed words.
Then listen and repeat. b W ork in groups of three.
1 I used to go out a lot. A tell B and C about how you used to be. B and C listen
2 He used to hate school. and ask for more information. Then change roles. Did
you have anything in common?
3 They didnt use to be friends.
4 She didnt use to like him. I didn't use to be a rebel. I was well-behaved,
5 Did you use to wear glasses?
? 7.8 Now listen and w rite six more sentences. 7 7.10 SONG 0 It's all over now
G passive
V verbs: invent, discover, etc.
P -ed, sentence stress
It was invented by a woman.
The mothers of invention
1 LISTENING
a Look at the photos. Five of these things were invented by women.
In pairs, decide which five you think they are.
b 7n Now listen to a radio program about inventions.

W ere you right? Com plete the sentences w ith the invention.
1 _______________ was invented by Josephine Cochrane in 1886.
2 _______________ were invented by Mary Anderson in 1903.
3 _______________ were invented by Marion Donovan in 1950.
4 _______________ was invented by Bette Nesmith Graham in 1956.
5 _______________ was invented by Stephanie Kwolek in 1966.
c Listen again and answer the questions.

1 What happened after Josephine Cochranes dinner parties?
2 What was the problem with cars before 1903 when it rained or snowed?
3 How many disposable diapers are used every day?
the vacuum cleaner
4 What was Bette Nesmith Grahams job?
5 What was special about the material Stephanie Kwolek invented?
d W hich o f the five inventions do you think was the best?
2 GRAMMAR passive
a Make five true sentences using the words in the chart.
The dishwasher is called white-out today.
Disposable diapers was invented by Marion Donovan,
More than 55 million diapers are protected every day. the bulletproof vest
Ms. Grahams invention were invented by the bulletproof vest,
Police officers all over the world are used by an American woman,
The dishwasher was invented by an American woman.
b Look at these two sentences and answer the questions.

a An American woman invented the dishwasher,
b The dishwasher was invented by an American woman.
1 Do the sentences have the same meaning?
2 Do the sentences have the same emphasis?
3 Which sentence is in the passive?
white-out
c p.138 Grammar Bank 7D. Read the rules and do the exercises.
a Com plete the text below w ith the correct verb in the right form.
base create design (x2 ) discover invent name use write
id vou know...?
Text-messaging was 1invented by the Finnish company Nokia. They
wanted to help Finnish teenagers, who were veiy shy. They found
it easier to text their friends than to call them.
The first bikini was 2 by two Frenchmen. It was

after Bikini Atoll, the island where the atomic bomb was first tested
The Frenchmen thought that the bikini would have a similar effect
on men as a bomb exploding.
Light bulbs are 4_________ specially to last only a certain number

of hours. It would be possible to make light bulbs that lasted forever,
but then the manufacturers wouldn't make so much money.
The first Harry Potter book was in a cafe in Edinburgh,

Scotland. J.K. Rowling was unemployed, and she didn't have enough
money to pay for heat, so she wrote it in the cafe, where it was warmer.
Although penicillin was 6 by Alexander Fleming, he didn't know

how to make it into a medicine. It was first made into a medicine
ten years later, by Australian scientist Howard Florey.
Spiders were as a cure for toothaches in the 17th century.

They were first made into a paste, and then put on the bad tooth,
Sherlock Holmes, the great detective, was 8 by writer

Arthur Conan Doyle. Holmes was 9_________ on a real person
Doyle's teacher at medical school, who was famous for saying to
his students, "What can you tell me by just observing the patient?"
b Read the facts again. In pairs, say which one is the most surprising.
4 PRONUNCIATION -erf, sentence stress iu i 1
i How is the -e d pronounced in these past participles?

Si*
45 /id/
Put them in the correct colum n.
based designed directed discovered invented

named painted produced used
b 712Listen and check. Underline the stressed syllable

in each m ultisyllable verb.
c7-13 Listen and repeat the sentences. Copy the rhythm . W hich words are stressed?
1 The movie was based on a true story. 4 My sister was named after our grandmother.
2 These clothes were designed by Armani. 5 These pictures were painted by my aunt.
3 This cheese is produced near Ziere. 6 Garlic and ginger are used a lot in Chinese cooking.
5 SPEAKING
Communication Passives quiz A p.111 B p.l 15. Make sentences for your partner to
decide if they are true or false.
HOW TO GET THERE
7.14 Listen to M ark and A llie and m ark the
sentences T (true) or F (false).
1 Allie is feeling worse.
2 Mark thinks Allie might get cold.
3 Theyre going to get a taxi to the bay.
4 Allie wants to be at the hotel again at 1:00 p.m.
5 Shes expecting an important visitor.
BUYING TICKETS
a 7.15 Cover the dialogue and listen. Com plete the sentences.
The next boat leaves at a.m. The trip takes hour(s) and costs
YOU SAY YOU HEAR
Good morning. Good morning, sir.

What time does the next boat leave? At 10 oclock.
How long does it take? _ an hour.
Where exactly does the boat go? It goes the bridge, __
Angel Island an d Alcatraz,
and then here. b Listen again and complete the
Can we get anything to eat or drink YOU HEAR phrases.
on the boat? Yes, maam, theres a bar.
c 7.16 Listen and repeat the YOU SAY
Can I have two tickets, please? Sure. Tw o______
phrases. Copy the rhythm.
How much is that? Thats $40.
Here you are. Thank you, sir. d In pairs, role-play the dialogue. A (book
Thank you. open) youre the ticket seller, B (book
closed) youre M ark and Allie. Change role
SOCIAL ENGLISH on the boat

a 7.17 Listen and answer the questions. b Com plete the USEFUL PHRASES. Listen again and check.
1 Does Allie prefer San Francisco to London? c 7| 8 L jsten and repeat the phrases. How do you say
2 Does she think she could live there? W hy (not)? them in your language?
3 What did the building on Alcatraz use to be?
4 Whats the weather like?
5 What does Mark ask the boatman to do?
USEFUL PHRASES
M What do you t of (San Francisco)?
A W hy do you a ?
M Oh, no reason. I j_ wondered.
A Im really 1 forward to it.
M C ______you take a photo of us, please?
B Are your ?
Study Link MultiROM

u
1 The most beautiful building in my city is
the 1cathedral (the Duomo). It is in the
center of Milan, in the Piazza del Duomo.
2 Nobody knows who it was 2________ by,

but peopel think it was an architect from
northern Europe. Construction began in
1386, but the building wasnt 3_______
for another 500 years.
3 It is one of the largest cathedrals in the

world, and it has 135 spires and 3,400
statues. On top of the Duomo there is
a gold 4_______ of the Madonna, which
watches over the city. The statue is called
the Madonnina, or the little Madonna,
althought it is four meters tail.
4 Inside the Duomo it is fairly dark. There

i Read the description and complete it with words from the box. are beautiful big 5________ and a lot of
cathedral completed designed roof steps statue view windows intresting statues and monuments. In the
chapel of St. Fina there are some
b M atch the questions w ith paragraphs 1-6.
wonderful frescoes by Ghirlandaio.
Is there a view from the building?
Describe the building outside.
Describe the building inside. 5 One of the best things you can do in Milan
How much does it cost to go in? U
is to go up to the 6________ of the Duomo.
Whats the most beautiful building in your city? Where is it?
The 7 is fantastic on a cleer day
Who was it designed by? When was it built?
you can see the Italian Alps. You can take
: Find one spelling mistake in each paragraph and correct it. the elevator, or if you are feeling energetic,
you can walk up the 250 8________
WRITE a description of a building in your city.
Answer the questions in b in the correct order.
CHECK your description for mistakes ( gram m ar ,

6 It is free to go in, but you must
punctuation , and spelling ).
dress apropriately.
GRAMMAR VOCABULARY
Circle the correct answer, a, b, or c. a tim e expressions
W h a ts name? Complete the sentences w ith for or since.
a yours b) your c you I ve lived here since __ 1998.
1 I in this house since I was a child, 1 I ve had this p en __________ I was a child.
a live 2 Hes been m arried__________last June.
b m living 3 Theyve known each other__________a long time.
c ve lived 4 Shes studied French literature__________three years.
2 My father has had his c a r______ 5 Youve worn that sweater every d ay_________ New Years!
a for two years
b since two years
b verb phrases
c two years ago Com plete the phrases w ith a verb.
3 How long afraid of flying? be get fall have graduate retire
a are you
b have you been have children
c you have been 1 in love
4 Tom Cruise and Nicole Kidm an______ 2 from school / college
married for ten years, but divorced in 2001. 3 married / divorced
a are 4 when youre 65
b have been 5 born
c were
5 W h en ? c school subjects
a did Alfred Hitchcock die Complete the sentences w ith a school subject.
b is Alfred Hitchcock dead If you study computer science, you learn to use computers.
c has Alfred Hitchcock died 1 If you study________ , you learn about what happened in the past.
6 M y brother glasses. 2 If you study______ , you learn about countries, mountains, rivers, etc
a used to wear 3 If you study________ , you learn to add, multiply, etc.
b use to wear 4 If you study________ , you learn physics and chemistry.
c used to wearing 5 If you study________ , you learn about plants and animals.
7 I like vegetables when I was
a child. PRONUNCIATION
a dont use to a Underline the word w ith a different sound.
b didnt use to
c didnt used to
8 Radium discovered by Pierre
1
S6 since time child life
and Marie Curie.

a is
2 or
0 -A
school food cartoon book
b were
c was use ugly university uniform
X k
9 The Lord of the R in g s by
J. R. R. Tolkien. scene science scarf since
a wrote
b was wrote
change teacher school children
c was written
10 Paper the Chinese.
a was invented by
information
b invented for
c was invented for afraid favorite directed discovered invented
CAN YOU
a Read the article quickly. W hat is surprising b Put a check (/ ) next to the things the article says.
about Lady Morton? 1 Lady Morton has had a lot of accidents.
2 She bought a Nissan Micra recently.
3 She couldnt see the traffic island because she didnt have her lights on.
4 She wasnt badly hurt.
5 After her latest accident, she needs a new car.
6 She thinks shes a safe driver.
7 The amount of traffic isnt a problem for her.
c Read the article again. Guess the meaning of the highlighted

words or phrases. Check with the teacher or your dictionary.
CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THESE PEO PLE?

a 7-19 Listen. Circle a, b, or c.
1 How long has Matt lived in Chicago?
a Since he was in college, b For six months, c For a year.
The worlds most 2 Johns sister married.
a is b is going to get c was
experienced driver? 3 He started running______
a a few years ago b in school c a few days ago
One of Scotlands most active centenarians , 4 Whats her favorite subject?
Lady Morton, has been a driver for almost a geography b literature c math
80 years, although she has never taken a driving 5 When was the Lincoln Memorial completed?
test. But last week she had her first-ever accident a In the 19th century, b In 1914. c In 1922.
- she hit a traffic island when she took her new
b 720 Listen and complete the table w ith a num ber or one word.
car for a drive in Edinburgh.
Lady Morton, who celebrated her 100th birthday Main floor: 1a collection of by Margaret Kennedy.
in July,2 was given the Nissan Micra as a
Second floor: 2 children's________
surprise present. Yesterday she talked about the
accident. I wasnt going fast, but I hit a traffic Entrance hall: 3 the museum______
island. I couldnt see it because it had no lights, 4
Price of guidebook:
which I think is3 ridiculous . But I am all right,
Museum doses at: 5
and luckily my car wasnt badly4 damaged
5 In spite of the accident, she is not planning to

stop driving. Some people are just born to drive,
CAN YOU SAY TH S IN ENGLISH?
and I think I am one of them. Ive never taken
a Can you...? Yes (V )
a test, but Ive been a good driver since the first
time I got in a car. Im musical, so I listen to the say how long you have lived in your town, had your job, etc.
sound of the car to know when to change gears. talk about the life of an old person in your family
Some people are very rude - they ask me if Im say three things you used to do when you were in (elementary school
still driving at my age.6 It really annoys me f describe a famous building in your town
Lady Morton bought her first car in 1927. The b Com plete the questions w ith an auxiliary verb.
main change she has noticed since then is the ] How long_________ you been in this class?
traffic. Its 8 appalling . I dont mind it, because 2 Where ________ your grandparents born?
3 What TV programs___________ youuse to watch whenvou were a child?
i am experienced, but I feel very sorry for
4 W hats the oldest building in your town? W h en _____ it built?
beginners.
Adapted from a newspaper c Ask your partner the questions in b. Ask for moreinform ation.
G something, anything, nothing, etc.
V adjectives ending in -ed and -ing
P Id, loul, IaI
I didn't do anything on the weekend.
I hate weekends!
I
Most people say that Saturdays or Sundays are their

favorite days of the week - but not everybody. For some
people weekends are not much fun...
Mara from the US is a
"I must admit that for me now the
weekends are more tiring than the week.
During the week I have 5 some_______
to help me, but on the weekends we're
on our own. My husband is always
Sergio from Colombia is a ________
exhausted from his job and wants to
relax, but6 no _______ can relax with "My weekend is usually very stressful,
two small kids around. Our apartment more stressful than during the week. If
we're playing at home, I can't go out on
isn't ver/ big, so there's 7 no_______
Friday night. All my friends know that,
you can go to have some peace and
Marco from Brazil is a so 9 no ________ invites me out on a
quiet. Before we had children,! used to
hate the weekend. The weekend is Friday. I have 1Usome_______ light to
work, too, and weekends were perfect.
when I'm busiest. I never go 1any whem eat, watch TV, and go to bed early. Very
We had 8 no ________ to do except enjoy
boring! On Saturday morning I usually
and I don't really do 2 any except ourselves. Now I'm really happy when
relax and prepare myself mentally, as
work. On Friday and Saturday nights we're it's Monday morning."
our home games are usually at 3:00 in
usually full, and I have to be on my feet
the afternoon. What I do on Saturday
for seven or eight hours both days. We're
night depends on whether we win or
supposed to close at 1:00, but people
lose. If we win, I have to go out with
often don't leave until 1:30 or even later
the team to celebrate. If we lose, we're
- they never think that we might want to
too depressed to go 11 any_______
go home. Luckily we close after lunch on
When we play away, the weekend
Sunday, but when I get home, usually at
doesn't exist. We travel12some_______
about 5:30, I'm so tired that I don't want play, and then travel back again. I look
to see 3 any or do 4 any forward to having a weekend just for me.'
except lie on the sofa and watch TV.
The best day of the week for me is
Wednesday - that's my day off."
1 READING d Complete the sentences with M arco, M ara, or Sergio.

1 always gets home late on Saturdays,
a Is the weekend your favorite part
2 goes to bed early on Friday night,
of the week? W hy (not)?
3 usually spends the weekend with the family,
b Read the article. In pairs, guess 4 sometimes goes out on Saturday night,
what the three people do. 5 used to love the weekend,
c 8.1 Listen and check. 6 prefers Wednesdays to Saturdays.
e Read the texts again. Complete the words 1-12 with -thing , -body, or -where.
2 GRAMMAR something, anything, nothing, etc. 5 SPEAKING
i Look again at 1-12 in the text. Com plete the rules Ask and answer these questions with a partner.
w ith things, places, and people. Ask for more information, too.
Use something, anything, and nothing fo r ________
Use somebody, anybody, and nobody for . Every weekend
Use somewhere, anywhere, and nowhere f o r ________ / you usually have to work or study on weekends?
/ there anything you always watch on TV?
b O p.140 Grammar Bank 8A. Read the rules / you usually have to buy anything on Saturdays?
and do the exercises. / have to do anything in the house (clean, etc.)?
3 PRONUNCIATION / s / ,/ o u / ,/ a /
Last weekend
/ you go anywhere exciting on Friday night?
i W hat are sounds 1-3? / do anything tiring on Saturday morning?
/ you meet anybody on Saturday night?
/ you do anything relaxing on Sunday?
Next weekend
1 2 3 / you go out of town?
: W hat sound do the pink letters make in each / you do anything special on Saturday?
sentence? W rite 1, 2 , or 3. / you go anywhere interesting on Sunday?
1 Nobody knows where he goes. I_l

2 Somebodys coming to lunch.
3 I never said anything. D 6 LISTENING
4 I ve done nothing since Sunday. a ** Listen and num ber the pictures 1- 8.
5 Dont tell anybody about the message. D
6 Theres nowhere to go except home. _
; 8.2 Listen and check your answers.

Practice saying the sentences.
4- VOCABULARY adjectives ending in -ed and -ing

i Look at the two sentences from the article.
W h ats the difference between tired and tiring ?
I'm so tired that I dont want to see anybody.
Weekends are more tiring than weekdays.
: Look at the adjectives in bold in these sentences.

How do you pronounce them?
1 Friday night is bored / boring. I never go out.
2 In i bored / boring with my job. Its always the same.
3 If we lose, we feel depressed / depressing.
4 My team never wins. Its depressed / depressing.
5 Reading is very relaxed / relaxing.
6 I feel very relaxed / relaxing on the weekend.
7 His latest movie is really interesting / interested.
8 Im not very interesting / interested in sports.
9 I m very excited / exciting about my vacation.
10 It was a really excited / exciting soccer game.
: Cross out the wrong word in each sentence.
b In pairs, use the pictures 1-8 to retell the story.

u L j u a i i u h c i yf Lu u r i i u i c i i u u y i i
V health and lifestyle: use sunscreen, etc.

P / a / , jwj, / a i / , /s/; linking I eat too much meat,
I don't drink enough water.
B How old is your body?
How old are you? How old is your body? The answer to these
1 READING
two questions isn't always the same. Our body age can be a Read the introduction to the article and
much younger or much older than our calendar age (even answer the questions.
eighteen years different!)-. We can now calculate our body age 1 Is our body age the same as our calendar age?
by answering questions about the way we live. If our body age 2 How can we calculate our body age?
is older than our calendar age, we should change our lifestyle. 3 What should we do if our body age is older
than our calendar age?
EX ERC ISE b Look at the photo of Tariq and read about him.
I know i'm too heavy because I don't get enough exercise. I spend too
Underline the things he does that are good.
much time sitting in studios. All I do is play squash, but I don't play very
Circle the things he does that are bad. Compare
often - about once a month.! would go to a gym if I had more time.
w ith a partner.
DIET
c Cover the Doctors verdict. W hat do you think
I eat a lot of fresh food and a lot of fruit, but I probably eat too much
meat. My girlfriend says I don't drink enough water. I drink a little Tariq should do?
alcohol - just a glass of red wine with my dinner. But I don't drink any
d Now read the Doctors verdict Was the advice the
beer. I drink a lot of coffee. It goes with the job.
same as yours? W hat do you think Tariqs body
LIFESTYLE age is?
Like everybody, I'm too busy! There aren't enough
hours in the day. I love my job, but I work too
2 GRAMMAR quantifiers, too, not enough
much (sometimes I spend 14 hours a day in the
studio - that's too many). I often feel a little bit a Can you remember how to use much, many, etc.?
tense and irritable. 1smoke a few cigarettes when In pairs, choose the correct word or phrase for
I go out, but I'm not a regular smoker. I only use each sentence. Say w hy the other one is wrong.
sunscreen when I go to the beach. My skin is
1 How much / many coffee do you drink?
fairly dark, so 1don't think it's a problem.
2 I dont eat much / many vegetables.
PERSO N A LITY 3 I eat a lot of / many bread.
'm often pessimistic. I always think that things will go
4 I smoke a lot / a lot of.
wrong - and they usually do, especially at work
5 A How much tea do you drink?
SOCIAL LIFE B Any / None. I dont like it.
I don't have much free time, but I
have a few close friends and I try to b Match the phrases 1-6 with the meanings A-F.
see them regularly. If I'm too busy,
1 I drink too much coffee. A I dont drink much.
then I call them.
2 I m too heavy. B I need to get more.
3 I work too many hours. C I have two or three.
4 I dont get enough D I work more than
exercise. I want.
I drink a little alcohol. E I should be a little
thinner.
I have a few close F I drink more than
friends. I should.
o p.140 Grammar Bank 8B. Read the rules and

do the exercises.
Tariq, a music producer
Calendar age 32 Body age
jii
5 PRONUNCIATION / a /, / u /, /ai/, /e/; linking
i Cross out the word w ith a different pronunciation.
What's your body age?
1(k enough much none busy
.1 )J
j 5T few should too food

E X E R C IS E
try/ diet little like How much do you walk each day?
m
a a lot b a fair amount c not much d very little
J many any healthy water How much exercise do you get each week?
a a lot b a fair amount c a little d none
8.4 Listen and check. Practice saying the words
A Remember! W hen people speak quickly, they

How much fast food (processed and pre-prepared)
dont separate the words.
do you eat?
a I eat too much. b I eat some,
8.5 Listen and w rite the six sentences, c I don't eat much. d I don't eat any.
i Listen and repeat the sentences. Copy the rhythm. 4 How many portions of fruit and vegetables
do you eat per day?
4 SPEAKING a only a few b some c a lot
a Read the questionnaire and circle your answers. 5 How much water do you drink?
a a lot b some c a little
b Interview your partner and underline his / her
answers. Ask for more inform ation. 6 What's your worst diet habit?
How would you describe yourself mentally?

c O Communication Body age p.m. Figure out a I am a veiy positive person. b I am not positive enough,
your body age. c i'm very pessimistic.
d Look at your partners answers. Give him / her How would you describe your stress level?
some good advice. a I am too stressed, b I am stressed,but it'sunder control,
c I am very relaxed.
I think you should get more exercise. For example...
10 How often do you use sunscreen?
a all year b only when I'm on vacation cwhen it's sunny
S O C IA L L IF E
11 How many close friends do you see regularly?

a a lot b some c not many / none
12 How much time do you have for yourself?

a none b not enough c a lot
B B B B IWM J
m
G word order of phrasal verbs
V phrasal verbs
P /g/ and Id3/ I wake up and I turn on the radio.
Waking up is hard to do
1 VOCABULARY phrasal verbs

a M atch the questions 1-7 w ith the pictures A-G.
1 What time do you wake up in the morning? m

2 Do you use an alarm clock to wake up ?
3 Do you turn off the alarm clock immediately?
4 W hats the first thing you turn on after you wake up ?
5 Do you get up immediately after you wake up ?
6 How do you feel when you first get up ?
7 When you get dressed, whats the last thing you put on ? [_
b Cover the questions and look at the pictures. Try to remember the questions,
c In pairs, use the pictures to ask and answer the questions.
d Q p.153 Vocabulary Bank Phrasal verbs.
2 GRAMMAR word order of phrasal verbs

a Look at the pictures 1-3 and underline the object of the phrasal verb in each sentence.
b Complete the rules about separable phrasal verbs with noun or pronoun.
1 If the object of a phrasal verb is a _____ , you can put it after the verb +up, on, etc.
OR between the verb and up, on, etc.
2 If the object of a phrasal verb is a , you must put it between the verb and up, on, etc.
'Torn fhC
c O p.140 Grammar Bank 8C. Read the rules and do the exercises, a ta rM d o c k
d M atch the sentences. Then cover the sentences on the right. Try to remember them.
1 Your cell phone is ringing. [E] A You need to give it up.
2 This is an important rule. B Put them away.
3 I cant hear the music. [ ] C Turn it up.
4 If you dont know what the words mean, D Throw it away.
5 This is an immigration form. E Turn it off.
6 Coffee is bad for you. F Please fill it out.
7 Your clothes are on the floor. G Write it down.
8 Thats trash. D H look them up.
3 READING 4 LISTENING & SPEAKING
a Do you know what these scientific words and a 8.6 Listen to David being interviewed by a
expressions mean? researcher. Is he a morning or evening person?
a gene DNA your body clock research b Listen again and w rite down D avids answers.
b Read the article about m orning and evening people. 1 What do you do?
Choose a, b, or c.
2 When do you work?
1 Scientists say that if we are bad at getting up
in the morning, this is because 3 What time do you get upinthe morning?
a we are born like that.
4 If you have a test, do youstudy best in
b we go to bed too late.
c we drink too much coffee. the morning, afternoon, or at night?
2 Researchers asked people questions about 5 If you exercise, when do you prefer
a the way they lived.
to do it?
b science.
c sports and exercise. 6 Do you like your work/class schedule?
3 They discovered that people who have a short clock gene 7 Why (not)?
a are better in the morning than in the evening.
b Would you like to change it? How?
b get tired very early.
c are better in the evening than in the morning.
4 They recommend that people who have a long clock gene
a should work only in the afternoon and evening.
c Interview your partner using the questions in
b should start work early and finish early,
b. Is he / she a m orning or evening person?
c should start work late and finish late.
5 PRONUNCIATION /g/and/d3 /
Are you allergic to mornings? a How is the letter g pronounced in these
Are you somebody who can't wake up in the words? Put five words in each column.
morning? Do you need two cups of coffee
gene get go change energetic
before you can start a new day? Do you
gym good give hungry age
feel awful when you first wake up?
Scientists say it's all because of our genes.
How did they find this out? Researchers
interviewed 500 people. They asked them
questions about their lifestyle, for example,
I
what time of day they preferred to exercise
and how difficult they found it to wake up in the
morning. Scientists then compared their answers to
the people's DNA.
They discovered that we all have a "clock" gene, also called a Period 3
gene. This gene can be long or short. People who have the long gene
b 8.7 Listen and check. Practice saying the words.
are usually very good in the morning but get tired fairly early at night.
People who have the short gene are usually more active at night but c Now practice saying the sentences.
have problems waking up early in the morning. How does it help us to 1 She gets up early to go to the gym.
know if we have the long or short gene? Scientists say that, if possible, 2 George and Greta are good at German.
we should try to change our working hours to fit our "body clock." 3 I m allergic to mornings. Its in mv genes.
If you are a "morning person," then you could start work early and 4 I generally feel hungry and energetic.
finish early. But if you are bad in the morning, then it might be better
to start work in the afternoon and work until late at night. So maybe, 6 48.8 SO N G -1 / say a little prayer
instead of nine to five it should be seven to three or twelve to eight.
93
C so/neither + auxiliaries
V similarities
1like dogs.
P vowel and consonant sounds, sentence stress
So do I.
I'm Jim." "So am I.
1 LISTENING c 89 Cover the dialogue. Listen once. Fry to

a Look at the photos and describe the two men. remember three things they have in common
b Read about the two men and answer the questions d Uncover the dialogue. Listen again and fill in
the blanks.
1 Who are Jim Springer and Jim Lewis?
2 Why didnt they know each other? A Hi! Im Jim.
3 When did thev meet? B So I. Great to meet you. Are you married,
Jim?
A Yes.. .well, I've been married twice.
B Yeah? S o I. Do you have any children?
A I have one son.
B So _ I. Whats his name?
A James.
B Thats amazing! My sons name is James, too.
A Did you go to college, Jim?
B No, I didnt.
A N either 1.1 was a terrible student.
B So I. What do you like doing in your free
time, Jim?
A I like making things, especially with wood.
Some years ago, two identical tw ins were
B Thats incredible! S o I.
born in M innesota, USA. They were adopted
A But I dont get any exercise at all. Look at me.
by two different fam ilies. The two new
B Dont worry. N either I.
fam ilies both called their babies Jim . Jim
A Say, do you have any pets?
Springer never knew that Jim Lewis existed.
B Yes. I have a dog.
But when they w ere 39 years old, they met
A So I! What kind of car do you have?
for the first time and they had a conversation
B A Chevrolet.
i :l a
A Me too! Hey, lets go and have a hamburger, OK?
B Sure. You know, I once worked in a hamburger
restaurant.
A Unbelievable! S o I!
2 GRAMMAR so, neither + auxiliaries

a Look at the dialogue again. W rite one phrase that
the twins use...
when they have something E0 in common. __
when they have something - in common.
b p.140 Grammar Bank 8D. Read the rules and do

the exercises.
IM sp ringer AND JIM lew is were reunited after
J
39 years by Dr. Thomas Bouchard, Professor of
a Read the text and answer the questions.
psychology at the University of Minnesota. He was
1 Who reunited the two Jims? investigating how much of our personality depends
2 What did Dr. Bouchard want to find out? on genes. Dr. Bouchard was amazed by how many
3 What was he very surprised by? things the twins had in common. He had expected
4 What are their sons and their dogs called? them to look identical and to have similar medical
histories. But he and his team were very surprised
5 What do they both do for their wives?
to find the enormous similarities in the two Jims'
6 What does Dr. Bouchard believe, as a result of the case of the two Jims?
personalities, their lifestyle, their hobbies, their religion,
even their political beliefs.
b Com plete the phrases w ith these words.
Some of the similarities are incredible: Jim Springer's son
as both like neither so similar is called James Allen, and Jim Lewis's is called James
Similarities Alan. They both have dogs named Toy. They like and hate
the same sports and they voted for the same president.
1 Jim Springer looks exactly__________Jim Lewis.
And both Jims have the same romantic habit of leaving
2 Jim Springers son has the same nam e Jim Lewiss son.
little love letters for their wives around the house.
3 The two Jim s have dogs.
Dr. Bouchard is convinced that genes are probably much
4 Jim Springer likes baseball an d ____ does Jim Lewis.
more important in determining our personality and
5 Jim Lewis doesnt like basketball an d __ does Jim Springer.
preferences than people used to think.
6 Dr. Bouchard didnt expect them to be so to each other.
c Complete the sentences about you and your family. Tell your partner.
1 I have the same color eyes as m y _________

2 1 look like m y .
3 My personality is very similar to my _____ s.
4 M y __________and I both lik e __________
5 I lik e __________and so doesm y __________
6 I dont like and neither does my
4 PRONUNCIATION vowel and 5 SPEAKING

consonant sounds, sentence stress a Com plete the sentences so they are true for you.
-i The same or different? Circle the word ME WHO ELSE?
w ith a different sound in each group.
I love . (a kind of music)
1 so no do
2 they neither both I dont like (a TV program)
3 two twice twins Im a ____ . (star sign)
4 identical incredible immediately I m not very good at ___________ (a subject)
5 food good wood
I m going to this weekend, (an activity)
6 now know how
7 speak great each I have to __________ every day. (an obligation)
8 been free weekend I dont eat (a kind of food)
I m not very (adjective of personality)
b 8.10 Listen and check. Practice saying
the words.
Move around the class saying your sentences. For each senten
8.n Listen and repeat the dialogues. try to find someone like you, and write down their name.
Underline the stressed words. Respond to other peoples sentences. Say So do 11 So am I or
1 A I like tea. B So do I. Neither do 11 Neither am I if you are like them.
2 A I m tired. B So am I. love classical music.
3 A I dont smoke. B Neither do I.
So do
4 A Im not hungry. B Neither am I.
d 8.12 Listen and respond. Say youre the

same. Use S o I / Neither I.
CHECKING OUT
8-13 Listen to Allie talking to the receptionist. Answer the questions.
1 When is she leaving the hotel?
2 When does she want to pay?
3 What time is her flight?
4 What time does she have to be at the airport?
5 What is the message for her?
MAKING PHONE CALLS

a 8.14 Cover the dialogue and listen. W ho does A llie want
to speak to? W hat happens the first tim e she calls? Is the news
good or bad? W hat is it?
YOU HEAR YOU SAY
Hello. Hello. Is that MTC?

Sorry, youve got th e number. Oh sorry.
M TC New York. How can I help you? Hello. Can I speak to Lisa Formosa, please? b Listen again and complete
the YOU HEAR phrases.
lust a moment. I l l yo u ______
Hello. Hi, is that Lisa? c 8.15 Listen and repeat

No, I m sorry. Shes not at her desk right now. Can I leave a message, please? the YOU SAY phrases. Copy
Sure. Tell her Allie Gray called. Ill call back in the rhythm.
five minutes.
d In pairs, role-play the
M TC New York. How can I help you? Hello. Can I speak to Lisa Formosa, please? dialogue. A (book closed)
youre Allie, B (book open )
Just a moment. I m sorry, the lines ______
Do you want to ? OK, I ll hold. youre all the other people.
Hello. Hi, Lisa. Its Allie Gray. Change roles.
Allie, hi. Hows California? Great, great Well? Is it good news or bad news?
Its good. You got the job in Paris! Oh wonderful! Thats fantastic!
SOCIAL ENGLISH saying good-bye?

a 8.16 Listen and m ark the sentences T (true) or F (false).
1 Mark thinks that their relationship has a future.
2 Allie thinks its a problem that Mark is very different from her.
3 Mark tells Allie hes going to move to another company.
4 Allie is very surprised.
5 Allie is going to be Marks wife. USEFUL PHRASES
A Thanks for e___
Com plete the USEFUL PHRASES. M C _! To us.
Listen again and check. A What do you m______
8.17 Listen and repeat the M I that amazing?
phrases. H ow do you say them M Whats the m ?
in your language? M I dont b it.
Study Link MultiROM

Giving your opinion W r it in g
a Read the article and complete it w ith these words.
above all although another but general however secondly which who
weekend
The good side The bad side
For me the first good thing about the weekend 5______ , there are some things I don't like about the
is that I don't have to go to work. I like my job, 1 but weekend. First of all, I have to go shopping on Saturday
1have to spend all day inside, in an office, and I'm a person morning, and the supermarket is always crowded. 6 ,
2 loves being outside. 3 good thing is that I on Sundays we always have lunch with my husband's family.
7 my mother-in-law is a good cook and her food is
don't have to get up early. During the week I have to get up
delicious, I don't usually have a good time. The family always
at half past six every day. It's not too bad in the summer, but
argues, and we end up watching TV, 8 I think is boring.
I hate it in the winter when it's dark in the morning.
B u t4 _______, I like the weekend because I have time But in 9 I love the weekend - I often get a little
to do all the things I really enjoy doing, like listening bit depressed on Sunday afternoon when I know that the
to music, reading, or going out with friends. weekend is almost over.
? Read the article again. Now cover it and, from memory, m ark the sentences T (true) or F (false).
1 She works outside.
2 She has to get up early during the week.
3 She enjoys shopping on Saturdays.
4 Her husband always makes lunch on Sundays.
5 She doesnt like watching TV.
W hat do you think of the weekend? WRITE two paragraphs.

Paragraph 1 The good side
For me the best thing about the weekend is...
Paragraph 2 The bad side
However, there are some things I dont like. For example,...
Final paragraph Do you love it or hate it?
But in general,...
CHECK your article for mistakes ( gram m ar , punctuation , and spelling ).
97
GRAMMAR VOCABULARY
Circle the correct answer, a, b, or c. a adjectives ending in -ed and -ing
Whats name? Com plete the sentences w ith an adjective.
a yours yo u r c you The movie was very exciting.
1 A What did you do this weekend? 1 We had a very r__________vacation - we just lay in the sun.
B 2 I only got three hours sleep - I m really t_________
a Nothing, 3 I saw a really i__________TV program last night.
b Nobody, 4 She failed all her exams, so she feels a little bit d__________
c Anything. 5 M y jobs very b__________- I have to do all the photocopying.
We didnt go _ on Sunday.
a somewhere b health and lifestyle verbs
b anywhere Com plete the sentences w ith a verb.
c nowhere She drinks a lot of coffee.
She spoke to _ in the office. 1 I dont __________ enough exercise.
a anybody 2 You should__________sunscreen if youre going to the beach.
b somebody 3 H e _________ too many cookies.
c nobody 4 I _________ my friends every weekend.
He eats_____ potato chips. 5 You should ._________ smoking; its a terrible habit.
a too
c phrasal verbs
b too much
c too many Complete the sentences w ith a verb.
I cant go. I m _____ busy. I get up at 7:00.
a enough
get look put take turn wake
b too
c too much 1 Please off the TV when you go to bed.
You dont d rin k ______ 2 You should up new words in a dictionary.
a water enough 3 up. Its 7:00 a.m.
b enough water 4 on a coat. Its cold.
c a few water
5 I have to care of my little brother today [H
Here are your shoes. P u t______
a on them PRONUNCIATION
b them on a Underline the word w ith a different sound.
c it on
8 I cant find my keys. Can you help me 1 something nobody nothing somebody
?
a look them for not spoken home
nobody
b look for them
c for them look
magazine energetic investigate get up
9 A My father loves jazz.
B _____
a So I do. neither they both these
b So am I.
c So do I. speak great each meat
10 A I didnt go to college.
B _____
a Neither do I.
information
b Neither did I.
c Neither I did. somebody relax diet enough identical

a Read the article and m ark the sentences T (tru e),
F (false), or D S (doesnt say).
1 Haile Gebreseiassie is a runner.
2 He runs twice a day.
3 He enjoys being rich.
A
4 His family is also very rich.
5 He cant understand why Europe is richer than his country.
6 The soldiers stop because Haile is famous.
b Find a word or phrase in the article that means:

1 a short sleep (paragraph 1)
2 took care of when he was young (paragraph 2 )
*y 3 give something you have to other people too (paragraph 3)
4 very cold (paragraph 3)
5 calls in a loud voice (paragraph 4)
Born to run
The Ethiopian runner, Haile Gebreseiassie, the "Emperor,"
CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THESE PEOPLE?
a 8.18 Listen and circle the correct answer, a, b, or c.
1 Where did the woman go on the weekend?
is probably the greatest athlete of all time. He has won a to the movies b nowhere c to the beach
two Olympic titles and seven world titles. He has also 2 The man doesnt eat enough______
broken numerous world records in the 5,000 and 10,000 a fruit bfish c vegetables
3 How often does the woman go to the gym?
meter races. The journalist Paul Kimmage went to
a only on Friday b twice a week c every day
interview him at his home in Addis Ababa.
4 What time does the woman get up?
Haile's routine has not changed since he became an a 7:00 b 7:15 c 7:30
athlete. Every morning he gets up at 5:45 and runs for 5 What do the men have in common?
two hours. He takes a nap after lunch and then goes out a They drink coffee, b They used to be married,
running again. c Theyre teachers.
Haile was brought up in a very poor family. Although today
he is a multimillionaire, he has never been comfortable with b 8.19 Listen and w rite M (the m an),W (the wom an),
being a rich man in such a poor country. 'The thing that or B (both).
really offends me," he says, "is that the most important value
W ho...?
in the 21st century is how much money you have."
1 went to bed late ___
In the future, when he retires from athletics, Haile may 2 is good in the mornings ___
go into politics. "I want to do something to help the people
3 went to Cal State ___
of Ethiopia. I have traveled to many countries. I have
4 studied economics ___
experience and I want to share that experience." What Haile
can't understand is why Europe is so rich and Ethiopia so 5 knows Anna ___
poor. "I was in Germany a week ago and it was freezing!
Minus five. We have a much better climate. But we don't
CAN YOU SAY THIS IN ENGLISH?
have enough water, and so we don't have enough food, u
and there are too many people." a Can yo u ...? Yes (/ )
>
As we drive through the city in his ten-year-old Mercedes, | _] talk about why you like / dont like the weekend
everybody recognizes him and shouts his name. A truck I J talk about your lifestyle (food, exercise, etc.
carrying soldiers waits to let us pass. "Even soldiers in the | ! ! talk about your typical morning
army are your fans," I say. "No," replies Haile. "That was
because there is a white man sitting in the front seat of g- b Tell your partner about food you like dont like.
the car with me." <
Find three things you have in common.
G past perfect
V adverbs: suddenly, immediately, etc.
P review of vowel sounds, sentence stress She had left the door open,
so the man went into her house.
What a week!
Tact Is arrays stranger than fiction-

Here is a selection of true stories that happened around the world last week.
Prize of the week.
James Bolton, who is unemployed, was very excited when he won
first prize in a raffle last week. The prize was a weekend for two at a
hotel on the coast of England. Unfortunately, he was less excited
when he saw the name of the hotel.
Mistake of the week

A 33-year-old Norwegian man came home late one night and got
into bed next to his wife. The woman immediately woke up,
screamed, and jumped out of bed. "Who are you?" asked the
man. "You aren't my wife."
Helpful advice of the week

3 An Italian man was driving along the highway when his cousin
called him on his cell phone. He told him to drive more slowly,
because the police were waiting a few kilometers ahead to catch
drivers who were going too fast. The driver slowed down, but two
kilometers later the police stopped him and gave him a ticket.
Animal story of the week

4 Nurse Katie Parfittfrom Manchester, UK, couldn't understand why
her cat was behaving so strangely. The cat came home, attacked
her bed, and then jumped on her plate while she was having her
dinner. Then it fell asleep and began snoring. The next day when
she spoke to her neighbor, the mystery was solved.
Honest citizen of the week

5 A man in Baltimore, US, was arrested when he tried to become
a police officer. When he filled out his application form for the
job, he answered "yes" to the question, "Have you ever
committed a crime?"
Romantic hero of the week

6 The passengers on a bus in Germany were amazed when their
driver suddenly stopped the bus, got out, and began hitting a
man who was making a phone call in a public phone booth. First,
the bus driver hit the man twice. Then the other man hit the bus
driver very hard with the phone. The passengers were left sitting
in the bus, and the bus driver was taken to the hospital.
1SPEAKING & READING 3 PRONUNCIATION vowel sounds, sentence stress
a Look at the pictures 1-6 on page 100. a W hat sound do the pink letters make in each sentence? Match the
In which picture can you see...? sentences w ith the sound pictures.
somebody screaming
someone getting a ticket
somebody winning a raffle
something snoring A B C D E F
somebody being arrested
1 He suddenly understood why his brother hadnt come. HH
some passengers looking amazed D
2 I didnt know Linda hadnt written since the spring.
b Read the stories and look at the pictures. 3 The police had seen me on the street. D
Then in pairs, match them w ith their 4 George had taken the course before, so he was bored. U
endings A-F.
5 We hadnt heard a word about the third murder. EH
A They had seen him using his cell phone 6 Wed waited for ages to see the famous painting.
while he was driving.
b 9-i Now listen and repeat the sentences. Copy the rhythm ,
B He had discovered the day before that and practice making the sounds.
his girlfriend was dating the man in the
phone booth.
4 VOCABULARY adverbs
C When they questioned him, the man
a Circle the adverbs in these five sentences from the stories in 1.
admitted he had stolen a car a few months
Underline the stressed syllable. W hich two adverbs are opposites?
before and had robbed five people.
The man had accidentally gone into his neighbor's house.
D The neighbor had seen it earlier that
evening in a nearby cafe. One of the Unfortunately, he was less excited when he saw the name of the hotel.
customers had given it a drink of rum.
Luckily, it has not become an alcoholic! The passengers were amazed when their driver suddenly stopped the bus.
Luckily, it has not become an alcoholic!

E It was the hotel where he had worked as
a porter the previous month. He had lost The woman immediately woke up, screamed, and jumped out of bed.
his job there.
b Com plete the sentences w ith one o f the adverbs.
F The man had accidentally gone into his
1 I _______ took the office keys home with me.
neighbor's house. The neighbor had left
the back door open because she was 2 They were having a relaxing dinner when________ the baby started to c
waiting for her husband to come home. 3 The boss left, and everyone started talking again.
4 _______ , the weather was terrible when we were on vacation.
: Read the stories again. Look at the
5 Last week I had a car crash._______ , nobody was hurt.
pictures. Can you remember the stories?
c In pairs, finish the sentences w ith your own ideas.
2 GRAMMAR past perfect 1 She got to work very late. Luckily...
i Look at these sentences from story 3. 2 I was watching a good movie on TV when suddenly...
Answer the questions. 3 When we got out of the car, it was raining. Unfortunately, we...
a The police stopped the driver, 4 I got home, took a shower, and immediately...
b They had seen him using his cell phone. 5 I m really sorry about the book you lent me. I accidentally...
1 Which action happened first, a or b?
2 What is the form of the verb in sentence b? 5 SPEAKING
Communication What had happened? A p.\U B p.115.
: Read the endings o f the other five stories
Try to say your partners sentences.
again and underline examples o f had +
past participle. D id these actions happen
before or after the m ain part of the story?
: O p.142 Grammar Bank 9A. Read the

rules and do the exercises.
G reported speech
V say, tell, or ask?
P rhyming verbs
Then he kissed me
1 SPEAKING & LISTENING
ask dance say walk (x2 ) want
1 Well, he 1walked up to me and he 2. me if 13 to dance.

He looked kind of nice, and so 14_ I might take a chance.
When he 5 he held me tight
And when he 6 me home that night
5 All the stars were shining bright
And then he kissed me.
cant don't know is say see
Each time him 5 wait to see him again.

wanted to let him know that he 9____ more than a friend,
I 10 just what to do
10 So I whispered "I love you"
And he 11 that he loved me, too
And then he kissed me.
He kissed me in a way that I've never been kissed before,
He kissed me in a way that I wanna be kissed forever more.
ask feel give know take
15 12
that he was mine, so 113 him all the love that I had.
And one day he 14 me home to meet his mom and his dad.
Then he 1!j me to be his bride
And always be right by his side
I 15 so happy I almost cried
20 And then he kissed me.
a Number the pictures A-H in a logical order. Glossary

b Complete the song with the verbs in the simple L.2 He looked kind of nice He looked like a nice person.
past. Use the glossary to help you. L.2 take a chance try something to see if you are lucky
L.3 hold somebody tight put your arms around somebody strongly
c 9-2 Listen and check. W ere your pictures
L.5 shining bright with a very strong light
in the correct order?
L.14 wanna want to
2 GRAMMAR reported speech 4 PRONUNCIATION rhyming verbs
a Match a verb in the past tense from A w ith a
A l love you, too.
rhym ing one in B.
B Do you want to dance? b Listen and check.
C He said he loved me, too. B

said slept
paid read
D He asked me if I wanted to dance.
caught knew
kept stood
a Look at the sentences. In pairs, answer the questions,
spent meant
1 Which sentences are the speakers exact words told played
(direct speech)? flew sold
2 Which sentences describe what the speaker said heard bought
(reported speech)? U U could preferred
3 What tense are the verbs in direct speech? simple p__
4 What tense are the verbs in reported speech? simple p
5 SPEAKING
b O p.142 Grammar Bank 9B. Read the rules and
do the exercises. a Put a check ( / ) next to five questions below to
ask your partner. Ask your questions and write
c Change these sentences from direct speech to
down his / her answers.
reported speech.
Do you like flying?
cc He said that his name was Dean
My name is Dean.
if W hat's your favorite color?

Do you want a drink? He asked her if . .
I'm not thirsty. She said Can you play a musical instrument?
He asked _ .
Will you go out with me?
Do you like flying?
u He asked
Can 1walk you home?
cc
Where are your parents from?
Where do you live? He asked
cc How long have you lived here?

1live nearby. She said
1fell in love at first sight He told M illie

What languages do you speak?
3 VOCABULARY say, tell, or askl

Complete the sentences w ith said, told, or asked. What kind of computer do you have?
1 la n e me if I could lend her some money.

2 I _______him that I couldnt meet him tonight. Do you have any phobias?
3 I _______that I was too busy to go out.
4 We the man if he could help us.
Where do you buy your clothes?
5 Annie : I have a problem.
6 Annie us that she had a problem.
7 She _ her husband that she was leaving him. b Change partners. Tell partner 2 what you asked
8 He _ the teacher that he had forgotten his homework. partner 1 and what his / her answers were.
I asked him what his favorite color was,

and he told me that it was blue.
FILE I Grammar Bank p.126 F I L E 4 Grammar Bank p.I32
In pairs or small groups, circle a, b, or c. In pairs or small groups, circle a, b, or c.
1 W h ere ? 1 any of his movies?
a is from your sister b your sister is from aHave you ever saw b Did you ever seen
c is your sister from c Have you ever seen
2 A W hat ? 2 A Do you want some coffee?
B Hes a doctor. B No thanks, some.
a does Ricardo do b is Ricardo do c does Ricardo a I ve already had b I ve yet c I already have
3 My father never_____ TV. 3 A Is your brother here?
a watch b watchs c watches B No, h e ______
4 In the painting two women at a table. a hasnt already arrived b yet hasnt arrived
c hasnt arrived yet
a are sitting b sits c are sit
4 She doesnt w ork Mary.
5 A W hats that?
B Its the thing_____connectsmy camera to the a as hard as b as hard than c as hard
computer. 5 This is city I ve ever been to.
a who b that c where a the nicest b the nicer c the most nice
FILE 2 Grammar Bank p.128 F I L E 5 Grammar Bank p.134

In pairs or small groups, circle a, b, or c. In pairs or sm all groups, circle a, b, or c.
1 W here last summer? 1 He went to the supermarket some milk.
a you went b did you went c did you go a for to get b for get c to get
2 The exercise was very difficult. W e do it. 2 Were thinking o f a new office.
a didnt can b didnt could c couldnt a opening b to open c open
3 When I opened the door, I saw i t ______ 3
a was raining b rained c were raining
4 W h o _______this song? I like it.
a write b wrote c did write
5 it was dark, I could read the map.
a Because b But c Although
FILE 3 Grammar Bank p,130

In pairs or small groups, circle a, b, or c.
1 take a vacation this year.
a I dont going to b I m not going to
c I m not going
2 A W hat this evening?
B Nothing special.
a do you do b are you doing c are you going
3 A M y final exam is tomorrow.
B Y o u ______ a dont must to b must not c dont have to
a wont pass b dont pass c arent passing 4 You show your passport when you enter
4 A Its hot in here. the country.
B open the window. a must to b must c have
a I ll b I c W ill 5 He the stairs and opened the door.
5 In my dream I saw a man. H e the violin. a ran b up c ran up
a was played b playing c was playing
R ev iew & C h ec k
i LE 6 Grammar Bank p.136 FILE 8 Grammar Bank p.140

In pairs or small groups, circle a, b, or c. In pairs or small groups, circle a, b, or c.
1 What will you do if yo u the exam? 1 When Im tired, I dont want to see_____
a wont pass b dont pass c will pass a anybody b nobody c somebody
2 If we had a yard, I a dog.
a would buy b bought c 11 buy
3 I wouldnt camp near a river if I there
were crocodiles there.
a would thought b thought c think
4 A What are you going to do this weekend?
B I dont know. I ______
a might to go away b might go away
c may to go away
5 You coffee late at night.
a shouldnt to drink b dont should drink
c shouldnt drink
FILE 7 Grammar Bank p.138

1 I ve known my best friend______
a since ten years b for ten years c for 1999
2 How long your car?
a do you have b have you c have you had
3 Hes divorced now, but he_____ for 20 years.
a has been married b was married
c is married a too many b too much c too
4 He have a lot of friends in school. 3 I dont eat______ I should eat more.
He wasnt very popular.
a fruit enough b some fruit c enough fruit
a didnt used to b didnt use to
4 Theres a towel on the floor. Please______
c doesnt use to
a pick up b pick it up c pick up it
5 The rad io by Marconi.
5 A I hate football.
a invented b is invented c was invented
B _____
a So am I. b So do I. c Neither do I.
FILE 9 Grammar Bank p.142

1 We were too late. When we arrived, the game
a had finished b has finished c finished
2 They couldnt open the door because they the key.
a didnt brought b hadnt brought c haven't brought
3 I love you. She said she me.
a love b loved c is lovinsC?
4 I asked her i f to dance.
a he wanted b she wants c she wanted
5 She asked the bov
# w h a t ____
a was his name b is his name c his name was

105
9T Vocabulary
Do the exercises in pairs or small groups
a Circle the word that is different. d W rite the opposite verb or adjective,
car train CstatiorT) bus 1 friendly ____________

2 talkative ____________
1 funny friendly lazy generous 3 crowded ____________
2 eye mouth nose toe 4 rude ____________
3 feet legs knees fingers 5 patient ____________
4 see hear ear smell 6 lend m o n e y ________
5 foggy windy sunny cloudy 7 pass an exam ____________
6 dress cap skirt blouse 8 push the door ____________
7 socks shoes pajamas boots 9 find your k e y s ____________
8 get an e-mail get a message get home get a present 10 buy a house ____________
9 duck chicken butterfly swan
10 dolphin whale eagle shark e Label the pictures.
b Com plete the phrases.
carry do get go know make

meet spend sunbathe wear
1 on the beach
2 a coat
3 a bag
4 a noise
5 housework
6 somebody for a long time
7 somebody for the first time
the river 7
8 swimming
9 angry
10 time (with your friends)
c Com plete w ith on , wp, back, etc.

1 I was b o rn April 2nd.
2 The bank is closed weekends. 8
3 We always go on vacation July.
4 1 dont agree______ you.
5 Wait _ me. I m nearly ready.
6 Dont throw _______those newspapers.
7 1 always t r y clothes before I buy them.
8 H u rry_______ Were late.
the tunnel the factory
9 I have to take care my little sister today.
10 Ill pay you the money tomorrow.
10
Pronunciation R ev iew & C h e c k
Do the exercises in pairs or small groups,
a Underline the word w ith a different sound. b Underline the stressed syllable.
information
nothing enough mouse must
1 biography
2 exercise
shoes house through few 3 university
4 divorced
i since nice might eyes 5 borrow
6 decision
8 many already friends secret 7 always
8 promise
although clothes come most 9 dangerous
10 polite
& wont rob father body 11 under
4. k
12 afraid
\f/
worn shirt dirty 13 education
worst
14 interesting
15 along
mouth how slowly round
16 important
17 anything
bored four story work
18 depressing
19 language
fast pass ask walk
20 unfortunately
who hour holiday hate c W rite the words.

1 /Jod/
age just enjoy glasses 2 /'k waist/
3 /luz/
gym argue forget goal 4 hV Sou/
5 /'titJar/
A used yet years very/ 6 /'nA0ii]/

7 /'rili/
8 /'hauswsrk/
which where twin whose
9 /m'd30i/
10 /laef/
i
r
1 Communication
IB Claire and Rosa Student A
a Ask B questions an d com plete th e c h art for Rosa.
Name Claire Rosa
Age? 25
From? Toronto, Canada
Lives in? Seattle, Washington
lob? Journalist
Smokes? No
Likes? movies, especially comedies; cats
Doesnt like? men who smoke
b A nsw er Bs questions a b o u t Claire.

c In pairs, decide w ho is the best girlfriend for R ichard. Why?
1C Describe and draw Student A ID Crossword Student A

a Look at y o u r p ain tin g for a m inute. a Ask B for the definitions o f yo u r m issing w ords
T h en describe it for B to draw. Guess the w ords and com plete y o u r crossw ord.
b Listen to B describing his / her What's 2 across? What's 5 down?

painting. Try to draw it. D o n t lo o k
a t it. Ask B questio n s to help you. b Give definitions o f the w ords B asks for.
c N ow com pare y o u r draw ings w ith

the original paintings!
108
2B Famous photos Student A 2C Music quiz Student A
a W rite yo u r questions.
1 Which singer (PLAY) soccer for Real Madrid?
a Julio Iglesias b Enrique Iglesias c Placido Domingo
Which group Beyond (SING) in?
a Destiny's Child b The Spice Girls c En Vogue
Who (SING) Livin' La Vida Local
a Bruce Springsteen b Marc Anthony c Ricky Martin
4 What kind of music the Sex Pistols (INVENT)?
7
a reggae b punk c hip-hop
T WAS 1953. The photographer was living in Paris.
He didn't have much money, and he was living in a
5 When MTV (BEGIN)?
small room and taking photos of the city every day.
One day he saw that some people were painting the
Eiffel Tower, and he decided to take some a 1971 b 1981 C1991
photographs. He went up the tower, and suddenly he
saw the man in the photo. The man was painting. The
6 Which of these groups (NOT HAVE) brothers or sisters in it?
photographer was very nervous because he was sure
that the painter was going to fall. He took his photo,
and a few weeks later the photo was in Life magazine. a Oasis b The Corrs c Red Hot Chilli Peppers
The photo became very
famous, and they made
7 Whose daughter Michael Jackson (MARRY) in 1994?
postcards and a poster
?
with it. Later the
company that paints the a Elvis Presley's b Frank Sinatra's c Paul McCartney's
Eiffel Tower called him
and invited him to
8 Which Spice Girl David Beckham (MARRY) in 2000?
lunch. They told him that
_ _ ?
the painter was an
acrobat. His name was a Posh Spice b Sporty Spice c Ginger Spice
Zazou.
9 Which group (SING) Losing my Religion?
a Blur b REM c Evanescence

a Look at the photos and read the text about The Eiffel
Tower painter. Try to rem em ber the inform ation.
10 Which instrument Sting (PLAY) in the song Every Breath you Takel
b Tell B the story o f The Eiffel Tower painter. Try to ______________ -____________ i
____________________I m
tell it from m em ory. a piano b guitar c double bass
c N ow B will tell you about Leaving for Newfoundland. b Ask B your questions. Give yo u r p a rtn e r one m ark for
each correct answer. .Answer Bs questions. W ho got the
m o st correct answers?
i Communication
3D Dreams Student A 5A Guess the infinitive Student A
a Last night you dream ed ab o u t these things. Prepare a Look at sentences 16. W h at do you th in k th e
to tell B about your dream . m issing infinitives are?
LOST & FOUND
Dont write anything yet!
{+} - affirmative infinitive 0 = negative infinitive
1 I dont like my job. Ive decided_________ another one. +
2 Oh no! I fo rg o t_________ the lights. E3
3 I p ro m ise_________ anybody your secret. LH
4 Your sisters really friendly. It was very n ic e ________
her. +
5 I was sorry you when you were here
last week, t
6 You dont need an umbrella. Its not going
to rain.
b B is a psychoanalyst. Tell him / her ab o u t your dream .
He / she will tell you w hat it means. b Read yo u r sentence 1 to B. If its n o t right, guess
a n o th e r verb until B says T h a ts rig h t T h en w rite
Last night I dreamed about a river... in the infinitive. C o n tin u e w ith 2 -6 .
c Change roles. Now you are a psychoanalyst. Listen to c Listen to Bs sentence 7. If its the sam e as 7 below,
Bs dream . N um ber the things below in the order he / say T h a ts right. If n o t, say Try again u n til B gets
she talks about them . it right. C o n tin u e w ith 8-12.
7 Remember to call your father on his birthday.
Ice cream - You will get some money (from the lottery or
8 Its often difficult to understand movies in English.
from a relative).
9 Its a very formal dinner, so its im portant
Long hair - You want to be free. Perhaps you have problems
not to be late.
with your family or your boyfriend/girlfriend.
10 Im going to Australia to visit some friends.
A key - You have a problem, and you are looking for a solution.
11 The jacket was really expensive, so I decided
People speaking other languages - You think your life is not to buy it.
boring - you would like to have a more exciting life. 12 My phone number is very easy to remember.
Traveling by bus - You are worried about a person who is
controlling your life.
6C Decisions, decisions Student A
d N ow use the inform ation in c to interpret Bs dream . a Im agine th a t you are a very indecisive person.
B is going to ask you som e questions. A nsw er Bs
First you dreamed about... This means...
questions. Give two possibilities each tim e, using I mu\
or I might. T hen B will help you m ake a decision.
4D The best and the worst Student A I don't know. / I'm not sure. I might... or I may.
a W rite nam es in at least SIX o f the ovals o n p.47.
In 1, one of the best books youve ever read. b C hange roles. N ow B is indecisive. Ask B q u estio n 1
In 2, the coldest place youve ever been to. below. H elp B m ake a decision using I f I were you,
In 3, the most generous person you know. Vd ... Say why. C o n tin u e w ith the o th e r questions.
In 4, the most beautiful modern building youve ever seen. 1 Where are you going to go on vacation next summer?
In 5, the worst program currently on TV. 2 What are you going to do after class?
In 6, the most frightening movie youve ever seen. 3 What are you going to wear tomorrow?
In 7, the best restaurant youve ever been to. 4 What are you going to buy when you next go shopping?
In 8, the messiest person in your family. 5 Where are you going to have lunch on Sunday?
b Go back to page 47.

110
7D Passives quiz Student A 9A What had happened? Student A
i Complete your sentences w ith the verb in the passive a Look at sentences 1-6 a n d th in k o f the m issing
and the right answer. verb (EE = affirm ative verb, FI = negative verb).
1 Until 1664 New York_________ (call)___________ D ont w rite anything yet!
a New Amsterdam b New Hampshire c New Liberty 1 Diana was very angry because her husband
2 Pasta__________ (invent)b y___________ ________ dinner. 0
a the Egyptians b the Italians c the Chinese 2 He couldnt catch his plane because h e ______ __
his passport at home. 0
3 The Italian flag__________(design) b y_____ .
3 We went back to the hotel where w e ________
a Garibaldi b Mussolini c Napoleon
on our honeymoon. 0
4 The first Levi's jeans_________ (wear) by
4 The telephone wasnt working because they
a farmers b miners c cowboys ________ the bill. 0
5 The first credit card_________ (use) in _ 5 Miriam was surprised to hear that s h e ________
a 1950 b 1960 C 1970 the exam. 0
6 The Indiana Jones movies________ (direct) by 6 The salesperson agreed to exchange the sweater
a Steven Spielberg b George Lucas c Stanley Kubrick because I _________ it. E j
7 Penguins_________ (find)___________ b Read y o u r sentence 1 to B. If its n o t right, try

a in Alaska b at the North Pole c at the South Pole again u n til B tells you T h a ts right. T hen w rite
8 In the world 15,000 babies (be born)___ in th e verb. C o n tin u e w ith 2 -6 .
a every second b every hour c everyday c Listen to B say sentence 7. If its the sam e as
- D
Read yo u r sentences to B. B will tell you if you are right. 7 below, say T h a ts right. If not, say Try
again until B gets it right. C o n tin u e w ith 8-12.
Now listen to Bs sentences. Tell him / her if he / she is right,
7 We went back to see the house where we had
B s answers lived when we were children.
1 T he M P3 player was invented in G erm any. 8 The apartm ent was very dirty because nobody
1 The Star Wars m ovies w ere directed by G eorge Lucas. had cleaned it for a long time.
5 A lexander the G reat was b o rn in M acedonia. 9 The crocodile was hungry because it hadnt
4 The book that is stolen most often from libraries is eaten anything for a long time.
The Guinness Book o f Records.
10 I ran to the station, but the last train had left.
5 T he electric chair was invented by a dentist.
11 I didnt want to lend him the book because I
? M o d ern soccer was first played by th e British.
hadnt read it yet.
In 1962 th e original L ondon Bridge was b o u g h t by an A m erican.
; T he n o u n th a t is used m ost frequently in conversation is time.
12 They got to the theater late and the movie
had started.
88 Body age Students A+B

.. Start w ith your calendar age. Add 0 or subtract 0 years according to your answers.
1 a -2 b-1 cO d +1
2 a -2 b-1 cO d +2
3 a +2 b+1 cO d-1
4 a +1 b-1 c -2
5 a 2 b-1 c +1
6 a +1 b+1 c +2 do
7 a -3 b+1 c+5
8 a -3 b+1 c +2
9 a+3 b0 c-2
10 a -2 b +1 c +1
11 a -2 b-1 c +2
12 a +2 b+1 c -1
Communication
IB Claire and Rosa Student B ID Crossword Student B
a A nsw er A s questions ab o u t Rosa. a Ask A for th e definitions o f y o u r m issing w ords. Guess the
w ords an d com plete yo u r crossw ord.
What's 1 down? What's 6 across?
b Give definitions o f th e w ords A asks for.
Name Claire Rosa

Age? 23
From? Mexico
Lives in? Vancouver,
Canada
lob? Painter
Smokes? No
Likes? good food, music
Doesnt sports
like?
b Ask A questions and com plete the ch art

for Claire.
c In pairs, decide w ho is the best girlfriend

for R ichard. Why?
1C Describe and draw Student B

a Look at yo u r p ain tin g for a m inute.
b Listen to A describing his / h er painting.
Try to draw it. D o n t lo o k at it. Ask
questions to help you.
c Now describe your painting for A to draw.
d N ow com pare y o u r draw ings w ith the
original paintings!
112
2B Famous photos Student B 2C Music quiz Student B
a W rite y o u r questions.
1 Which song Celine Dion (SING) in the movie Titanic?
Which song did Celine Dion sing in the movie Titanic ?
a / Will Always Love You b My Heart Will Co On c Love Is in the Air
2 Who (SEND) A Message in a Bottle in 1979?

-- ?
a The Beach Boys b Dire Straits c The Police
3 Who (WRITE) the song Nothing Compares 2U1

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________- - .
?n
a Prince b Sinead O'Connor c Bono
E TOOK THIS PHOTO in 1949 in France. He was
working for a magazine. They wanted photos
of fishermen. The people in the photo were a 4 Which "boy band" Justin Timberlake (SING) with?
fisherman called Marcel, his wife, and their little baby boy. ____________________________________________________________ 7
Marcel was leaving to go to Canada, and the photographer
a Backstreet Boys b NSYNC c BoyzllMen
wanted to take a photo of him and his wife in front of the
boat. He said, "Kiss your wife good-bye. I need a photo
with a kiss." But Marcel was very shy, and he gave his wife 5 Which Beatle (DIE) in 2001?
a very cold kiss, So the photographer said, "Is that how ?
you kiss your wife?" So he kissed her again, very naturally.
a Ringo Starr b John Lennon c George Harrison
This time he forgot about the photographer. The photo
became very famous. Many years later Marcel saw his
photo in my book, and he wrote to the photographer. 6 Who (BE) a Material GirP.
He said that his son (the baby in the photo) was now -)#
30 years old and was a fisherman, too.
a Mariah Carey b Madonna c Christina Aguilera
7 Which heavy metal band Ozzy Osbourne (SING) with in the 1970s?
?
a Black Sabbath b Deep Purple c Led Zeppelin
8 Who (SAY) "I don't know anything about music. In my line you don't have to'
?
a Eminem b Arnold Schwarzenegger c Elvis Presley
9 How reggae singer Bob Marley (DIE)?
a He drowned in the ocean, b In a car accident, c He had cancer.
10 Which song Elton John (REWRITE) for the funeral of Princess Diana in 1997?
a Look at the photos and read about Leaving for
Newfoundland.
a Sacrifice b Candle in the Wind c Your Song
: A will tell you a b o u t The Eiffel Tower painter.
b A nswer A s questions. T hen ask A your questions.
: Now tell A about Leaving for Newfoundland. Try to Give your p a rtn e r one m ark for each correct answer.
tell it from memory. W ho got the m ost correct answers?
I Communication
3D Dreams Student B 4D The best and the worst Student B
a Last night you dream ed ab o u t these things. Prepare to a W rite the nam es in at least SIX o f the ovals on page 47.
tell A ab out your dream . In 1, the healthiest person you know.
In 2, the best concert youve ever been to.
In 3, the most dangerous sport or activity youve ever done
In 4, the cheapest person you know.
In 5, the most boring sport youVe ever watched.
In 6, the most beautiful old building youve ever seen.
In 7, the hottest place youve ever been to.
In 8, the worst movie youve seen this year.
b Go back to page 47.
5A Guess the infinitive Student B

a Listen to A say sentence 1. If its the sam e as 1 below,
b You are a pyschoanalyst. Listen to A s dream . N um ber say T h a ts right. If n o t, say Try again u n til A gets i:
the things below in the order he / she talks about them . right. C o n tin u e w ith 2 -6 .
1 I dont like my job. Ive decided to look for another one
Taking a bath - You have a secret that nobody knows about.
2 Oh no! 1 forgot to turn off the lights.
Dogs - You are looking for friends.
3 I promise not to tell anybody your secret.
Losing hair - You are going to lose some money.
4 Your sisters really friendly. It was very nice to meet her.
Lost and Found - A problem you have will soon get better. 5 I was sorry not to see you when you were here last week
A river - You are going to be very lucky. 6 You dont need to take an umbrella. Its not going to rair
c Now use the inform ation in b to interpret A s dream . b Look at sentences 7-12. W hat do you th in k th e missi"
Well, first you dreamed about... This means
infinitives are? D ont w rite anything yet!
0 = affirmative infinitive 0 - negative infinitive
d C hange roles. Now A is a psychoanalyst. Tell him / her 7 R em em ber________ your father on his birthday. 0
about your dream . A will tell you w hat it means. 8 Its often difficult_________ movies in English. 0
Last night I dreamed that I had long hair... 9 Its a very formal dinner, so its im portant
________ late. E
10 Im going to A ustralia_________ some friends. 0
11 The jacket was really expensive, so I decided
4B Has he done it yet? Students A+B
________ it. 0
a W ork individually. Look at the list of things M ax does 12 My phone number is very easy 0
every m orning. W hich ones has he already done? Try to
rem em ber w hat was in the picture. W rite sentences. c Read y o u r sentence 7 to A. If its n o t right, guess
a n o th e r verb until A says T h a ts rig h t T hen w rite ir
He's already made the bed. OR He hasnt made the bed yet.
the infinitive. C o n tin u e w ith 8-12.
make the bed turn off the computer
wash his coffee cup put his clothes in the closet
clean up his desk take a shower
pick up towels have breakfast
take the dog for a walk
b W ork in pairs. C om pare your sentences w ith your partner.

Are they the same? T hen go back to page 116 a n d
com pare yo u r sentences w ith the picture. W ere you right?
114
6C Decisions, decisions Student B 9A What had happened? Student B
a A is a very indecisive person. You are going to help a Listen to A say sentence 1. If its the sam e as
him / h er m ake som e decisions. Ask A q u estio n 1 below. 1 below, say T h a ts right. If n o t, say Try
Help A m ake a decision using I f I were you, Vd ... Say why. again u n til B gets it right. C o n tin u e w ith 2 -6 .
C o n tin u e w ith the o th er questions. 1 Diana was very angry because her husband
1 W hats the next movie youre going to see? hadnt cooked dinner.
2 What are you going to cook for dinner tonight? 2 He couldnt catch his plane because he had left
3 What are you going to do on Saturday night? his passport at home.
4 What kind of car are you going to buy next? 3 We went back to the hotel where we had stayed
on our honeymoon.
5 How are you going to celebrate your next birthday?
4 The telephone wasnt working because they
b C hange roles. N ow im agine th at you are a very indecisive person. hadnt paid the bill.
Answer A s questions. Give two possibilities each tim e, using 5 Miriam was surprised to hear that she had
I m ay or I m ig h t... A will help you m ake decisions. failed the exam.
I don't know. / I'm not sure. I might... or I may... 6 The salesperson agreed to exchange the sweater
because I hadnt worn it.
b Look at sentences 7-12 and th in k o f the missing

7D Passives quiz Student B
verb ( 0 = affirmative verb, 0 - negative verb).
i Com plete your sentences w ith the verb in the passive D o n t w rite a n y th in g yet!
and the right answer.
7 We went back to see the house where we
1 The MP3 player__________ (invent) in __________
when we were children. 1+
a Japan b the US c Germany
8 The apartm ent was very dirty because nobody
2 The Star Wars movies_________ (direct) b y___________ ________ it for a long time. 0
a George Lucas b Steven Spielberg c Stanley Kubrick
9 The crocodile was hungry because it
3 Alexander the Great (be born) in _________ ________ anything for a long time.
a Greece b Macedonia c Egypt
10 I ran to the station, but the last train
4 The book that__________ (steal) most often from libraries
is
11 I didnt want to lend him the book because
a The Bible b The Guinness Book of Records c The Lord of the Rings
I _________ it yet. 0
5 The electric chair_________ (invent) b y___________
12 They got to the theater late and the movie
a a teacher b a dentist c a politician
6 Modern soccer_________ first___________ (play) by__________
a the British b the Romans c the Greeks c Read your sentence 7 to A. If its n o t right, try
again u n til A tells you T h a ts right. T hen
7 In 1962 the original London Bridge . (buy) by
w rite in the verb. C o n tin u e w ith 8-12.
a an American b a museum c the British royal family
8 The noun that (use) most frequently in conversation
is _________
a money b time c work
b N ow listen to A s sentences. Tell h im / h er if they are right.

As answers
1 U ntil 1664 N ew York was called New A m sterdam .
2 Pasta was invented by the C hinese.
3 T he Italian flag was designed by N apoleon.
4 T he first Levis jeans w ere w orn by m iners.
5 T he first credit card was used in 1950.
6 T he Indiana Jones m ovies were directed by Steven Spielberg.
7 Penguins are fo u n d at the S outh Pole.
8 In th e w orld 15,000 babies are b o rn every hour.
c Read y o u r sentences to A. A will tell you if you are right.

I Communication
3A Where are you going on vacation? Students A+B
FIJI
Spend two or four weeks in Go on a two- or four-week
the South Pacific with tropical safari for the experience of a

lifetime. In a 4x4 you will see
beaches, sun, water sports, etc
lions, zebras, and elephants in
An unforgettable experience. their natural habitat.
Departure June 1st Departure June 1st

Return June 15th or 30th Return June 15th or 30th
Fly Quantas Airways (via Honolulu) Fly British Airways (via London)
or Air New Zealand (via Los Angeles) or KLM (via Amsterdam)
Hotels Blue Lagoon (small beach hotel) Accommodation in luxury campsites or in hotels
Tropics (modern luxury hotel)
a Read the ads and choose a vacation. Decide: b N ow find a p a rtn e r w ho has p la n n ed exactly the
Where are you going? sam e trip as you:
How are you getting there? A W h ere are y o u going?
V/hen are you leaving? _____________ B To Fiji.
Where are you staying? ___________ A M e too. H o w are y o u g e ttin g there?
When are you coming back? __________ B I m fly in g A ir N e w Z ea la n d .
A I m fly in g Q u a n ta s A irw a ys, so w e c a n t go together.
4B Has he done it yet? Students A+B

Look at the picture for one m inute an d try to rem em ber w hat s in it. p.l 14
116
3C I'll game
Follow your teacher s instructions to play the game.
^ = >
5D Cross country Students A+B

My partner's race
a You are the organizer o f a cross-country race. You have to plan the race for the runners. D raw a route
on the m ap m arked MY RACE, beginning at START an d finishing at the FIN ISH line. Your route m ust
include all the things in the picture, b u t you can choose the order.
b Take tu rn s. A describe yo u r ro u te to yo u r p artn er.

You have to go down the hill, around the lake
B m u st draw it on your m ap m arked MY PARTNERS RACE.
c C hange roles.
d C om pare the tw o routes. W hich is the m o st difficult?

Audioscripts
1.2 Mexican accent, Richard, youre very sweet, 1.11
but Im sorry, youre not my type.
1 A W hens the test? Presenter OK. You have two minutes to
B Next week. 4 1.8 ?t guess whats on the six cards starting now!
A Yeah, I know, but what day? Is it OK, Adam. Card num ber 1. Its a person.
Wednesday or Thursday? OK, now... the painting were looking at now Its somebody who works in a restaurant.
B Neither one. Its Tuesday. is by the French painter Toulouse-Lautrec. Adam A cook.
2 A The weekend goes so quickly. The painting is called A t the Moulin Rouge. Presenter No, no. Its the person who takes
B I know. I cant believe that tom orrow As you probably know, the Moulin Rouge is the food from the kitchen to the tables.
is Monday. a nightclub in Paris. Maybe some of you Adam Oh, a ______
3 A Excuse me! Do you have the time? remember the movie Moulin Rouge? In the Presenter Thats right. Card num ber 2.
B Yes, its twenty-five to nine. nineteenth century, the nightclub was very Its a place. Its a place where you go when
A Thanks. famous for its beautiful dancers and singers. you want to buy something.
4 A Were going to be late for class. Toulouse-Lautrec did a lot of paintings and Adam A store.
B Relax. Tt doesnt start until a quarter posters of the Moulin Rouge. He especially Presenter Yes, but its a very big store where
after ten. Its only five after. loved painting the dancers. And in these you can buy almost anything.
5 A When was she born? paintings he sometimes included his friends, Adam Is it a ?
B Lets see. She was born on too. Presenter Yes, very good! OK, card num ber
August 23rd, 1977. In the middle of the picture, there are five 3. Its a thing..,uh. Its a thing that you use
A Where? people who are sitting at a table having a to talk to people.
B In Colombia. drink. The woman whos wearing a black and Adam Your mouth?
6 A Do you have any tickets left for the white hat is a dancer - her name is La Presenter No, no. Its a kind of machine.
5th of June? Macarona - and the man sitting next to her Its very small. Nearly everyone has
B Lets see... yes, we do. How many on the left is a friend of Toulouse-Lautrecs. one nowadays.
would you like? He was a photographer. On the right, here, Adam _____ !
A Two, please. theres a woman with blond hair, blue eyes, Presenter Thats it! Card num ber 4. It's an
B OK, thats forty dollars, please. and very red lips. Her face looks very white. adjective. Its the opposite of fat.
7 A Hello? Thats another famous dancer called Jane Adam Thin?
B Hi, its me. Im on your street, but I Avril. At the back of the picture, on the right, Presenter Its like thin, but it means thin
cant remember the num ber of your there are two women who are standing and attractive.
house. Is it 117? together. One of them is touching her hair. A d a m ______
A No, its 170. Thats La Goulue, and she was one of the Presenter Yes! N um ber 5. Its an adjective
8 A How much are those flowers? most famous singers at the Moulin Rouge at again. Uh.., Its how you feel when you
B Fifty dollars. that time. have a lot of work.
A Fifty? Thats not cheap. Now this is very interesting. If you look Adam Worried?
carefully to the left of the two women, there Presenter No, but its similar to worried.
%1.3 I are two men walking out of the nightclub. One Its how you feel when you have a lot of
of them is very tall and the other one is very things to do, but you dont have time to
Richard short. The very tall man is Toulouse-Lautrecs
I was very optimistic when I went to meet do them.
cousin Gabriel, and the other man is Toulouse- Adam Busy?
Claire. My first impression was that she was Lautrec himself. Toulouse-Lautrec was only
very friendly and outgoing. Physically, she Presenter No!
one meter 50 centimeters tall. He had very Adam _____ ?
was my type - she was rather slim and not short legs and couldnt walk very well. Some
very tall, with long dark hair - very pretty. Presenter Yes, excellent! And card num ber
people think that this is why he loved painting 6, the last one. OK. Its a verb. For
And she was very funny, too. She had a great the dancers of the Moulin Rouge... because
sense of humor. We laughed a lot. But the example, you do this with the TV.
they all had beautiful, long legs. Adam Watch?
only problem was that Claire was very
talkative. She talked all the time and I just Presenter N o ... Its the thing that you do
| 1.10 I when you finish watching the TV.
listened. She wasnt very interested in me. At
the end of the evening, I knew everything Presenter Good evening, ladies and Adam Uh... go to bed?
about her, and she knew nothing about me. gentlemen, and welcome to W hats the Presenter No, you do it to the TV before
Claire was the kind of woman I could have word? And our first contestant tonight is you go to bed.
as a friend but not as a girlfriend. Adam. Hello, Adam. Are you nervous? Adam Is i t ?
Adam A little bit. Presenter Yes!
i 1.4 1 Presenter Well, try and relax, Adam, and
play W hats the word? with us. In case ^1.15 I
When I first saw Rosa, I couldnt believe it. youre watching the show for the first
I thought, Wow! Thanks, Mom. Shes very Mark
time, heres how we play the game. I have Hi. My nam es Mark Ryder. Im American,
attractive - she has short dark hair and shes six cards with things, people, or places
fairly tall. Shes Mexican, from Guadalajara, and I live in San Francisco. I work for a
written on them. Im going to give Adam music company called MTC. Im divorced
but her English was fantastic. definitions, and hes going to try and
At first, she was a little shy, but when we and I have a daughter.
guess the words on my six cards. But of Last m onth I went to England on a work
started talking, we found we had a lot of course, I cant use any of the words on the
things in comm on - we both like music, trip, and I met Allie. Shes British, and she
cards in my definitions. So, for example, if works for MTC in the UK. We had a great
good food, and traveling. We got along really I have a card with taxi driver, I cant use
well - we didnt stop talking for the whole five days. We went out for coffee. We went
taxi or driver in my definition. Are you shopping. It was my birthday, and she bought
evening. When it was time to go, I knew I ready, Adam?
really wanted to see Rosa again, and I asked me a present. We went out for dinner. I really
Adam Uh...yes. liked her, and I think she liked me, too.
her to go on another date. But... she just Presenter OK. You have two minutes to
smiled at me and said in her beautiful I invited her to a conference in San
guess whats on the six cards starting now!
118
-'ancisco, and she said yes. And now Im at motorcycles, and people shouting. They Oh no.
ne airport. Im waiting for her to arrive. couldnt sleep at all. They were too tired to But dont worry, Hes going to be OK.
do anything during the day. They tried to When did this happen?
1.18 get some sleep, but they couldnt because This evening at 5:25. He was crossing the
Mark Allie, hi! it was too hot. When they came home, street on Bridge Street.
Allie Hi, Mark. they were in a state o f shock. And the driver of the car?
Mark You look great! Presenter Oh, n o ... So, what are their plans She didnt stop.
.vllie You too. How are you? for this year? She?
Mark I' m fine. How was the flight? Bill I dont know. I think theyll probably Yes, it was a woman in a white car. The police
Allie Long! Eleven hours. stay at home this year... and next year... are looking for her.
Mark You must be really tired. and probably the year after th at... Can I go to the hospital to see Jamie?
Allie Yes. I couldnt sleep at all. The people Presenter Well, thank you, Bill. And now ... Yes, I can take you there now.
next to me had a baby with them. W hats Ill get my coat. OK, Im ready.
the time here? I need to change my watch. i 2.4 I Is that your car, maam? The white one over
Mark Its seven in the evening. Marinette We didnt know that our picture there?
Allie Its three in the m orning for me. was so famous until 30 vears later. One Yes, it is.
J
Mark OK, Im going to take you right to the day I was working in the cafe when the Can I have a look at it? Did you know your
hotel and you can rest. man from the bookstore next door came front light is broken?
.Allie Fine. Sorrv! in. He was holding a new book, which had No, I didnt
'lark You are going to love San Francisco! a photo on the cover. Suddenly I said, I W hat exactly were you doing at 5:25 this
Im so pleased you came! dont believe it! Thats Henri and I when evening, maam?
-Allie Me too. Its great to see you again. we were very young!
Mark Come on. My cars in the parking lot. I remember that afternoon at the ^2.16)
Lets go. Bastille very well. When the man took Clerk Good evening, maam. How can I
that photo, we were arguing! Henri was help you?
2.3 I standing very near me. I was saying, Allie Good evening. I have a reservation.
Presenter Hello and welcome to todays Henri, dont stand so near me, there is My nam es Alison Gray. Im here for the
Travel Program. Today weve asked you to somebody behind us.
J
MTC conference.
call in with your vacation horror stories - Henri We didnt know that the Clerk Just a moment. Ah, here it is. Ms. Gray.
photographer was taking a photo of us. For six nights?
vacations where things went wrong. Our
first caller today is Bill. Hi, Bill. We were arguing. I cant remember exactly Allie T hats right.
what we were arguing about. I think I was Clerk OK, Ms. Gray. Heres your key. Youre in
BUI Hello.
Presenter So where was this vacation? trying to kiss Marinette and she didnt room 419 on the fourth floor.
want to. Or I think maybe we were arguing Allie Thank you. What tim es breakfast?
Bill Well, this didnt happen to me;
about our wedding - we got married a few Clerk From seven to nine, in the Pavilion
it happened to my aunt and uncle
months after the man took the photo. Restaurant on the sixth floor.
last summer.
Presenter Where did they go? Marinette People who know this photo Allie Thanks. Wheres the lift?
always think of us as the eternal lovers, Clerk The elevators are over there.
Bill To Ibiza, in Spain.
Presenter A fantastic place for a vacation. like Romeo and Juliet. But life isnt like Allie Thanks.
that. Its very difficult to stay in love when Clerk Do you need any help with your bags?
Bill Yes, a fantastic place if youre seventeen
you see your husband every day at home, Allie Yes, please.
- but theyre nearly seventy!
Presenter O h... and you see him every day at work, too.
3ill And they wanted a quiet, relaxing And I m very hardworking, but Henri is i 2.19 I
vacation - you know. They like walking in still a dreamer. Ah, those were the days... Mark Here you go, Allie. A cappuccino - see,
the woods, sitting on quiet beaches - things I remembered!
like that. They dont go abroad very often, 2.15* Allie Well done! Thanks.
but they wanted to do something different. Two hours later a police car arrived at Mark Did you sleep well?
Presenter So why did they choose Ibiza? Its H annahs house. A policewoman knocked Allie Yes, very well. How are things?
the party island. at the door. Good evening, maam, she Mark Theyre fine.
Bill Yes, it is now, but they didnt know that. said. Are vou
J
Hannah Davis? Id like to Allie W hat are the plans for the week?
You see, they first went to Ibiza in the late speak to you. Can I come in? Mark Well, today we dont have any free time.
sixties, when it was a beautiful, peaceful The policewoman came in and sat down on But tom orrow Im going to take you to this
island with traditional cafes and the sofa. great little restaurant I know.
restaurants, deserted beaches. And this was Are you a friend of Jamie Dixon? she said. Allie That sounds good.
exactly what they wanted. So they looked Yes, said Hannah. Mark And then on Wednesday night there s a
on the Internet - my uncle loves using his I understand you were going to meet him cocktail party here at the hotel, and then a
computer - and they booked a hotel for a this evening." conference dinner on Thursday. Is there
week in the same part of the island where Yes, at 5:30, at a coffee shop. But he didnt anything special you want to do?
theyd been before. And they found some come, so I didnt see him. Allie Well,* Id like to see the bay/ and the
cheap flights. It all seemed so perfect. Well, Im afraid I have some bad news for Golden Gate Bridge. And Id like to go
Presenter So what happened? you, said the policewoman. shopping if theres time.
Bill Well, you can imagine. It was a What? What happened? Brad Hi, Mark, how are you doing?
complete disaster. Their hotel was in San Jamie had an accident this evening. Mark Hi, Brad. I'm fine, just fine.
Antonio, a resort thats full of bars and Oh no! W hat kind of accident? Brad Arent you going to introduce me?
clubs. He was crossing the street, and a car hit him. Mark Oh, sure. Allie, this is Brad M artin. Brad
Presenter Oh, no. Is he ... Is he ...OK? works in the Los AneelesO office. Brad, this is
Bill Yeah... There was music until 5:00 in Well, hes going to be in the hospital for a Allie Grav from the London office.
the morning, noise of car doors opening, long time. Allie Hello.
i Audioscripts
Brad Hi, Allie, great to meet you. Mark told healthier, get better more quickly when group of people. This means that youre
me you were very nice, but he didnt tell theyre sick, and live longer. A recent study going to meet a lot of people. 1 think
me you were so beautiful. So, is this your shows that people who are optimistic and youre going to be very busy.
first time in San Francisco? think positively live, on average, nine years Patient At work?
Allie Yes. Yes, it is. longer than pessimistic people who think Doctor Yes, at work... you work in an office,
Brad Has Mark shown you the si ghts? negatively. So, lets hear what you the I think?
Allie Well, not yet. listeners think. Do you have any tips to Patient Yes, that's right.
Brad Then maybe 1 can show you around. help us be more positive in our lives? Doctor I think the party means you are
I love this city. going to have a lot of meetings.
Mark Allie, its time to go. Excuse us, Brad. 3.8 Patient What about the champagne?
Brad Well, great to meet you, Allie. See Presenter And our first caller this evening Doctor Let me look at my notes again. Ah
you around. is Andy. Hi, Andy. W hats your tip for yes, you were drinking champagne.
Allie Yes. Nice to meet you, too. Good-bye. being positive? Champagne means a celebration. Its a
Brad Bye. Andy Flello. Well, I think its very im portant symbol of success. So we have a meeting or
to live in the present, not in the past. meetings and then a celebration. Maybe in
3.1 Dont think about mistakes you made in the future youll have a meeting with your
Interviewer So Marina, did you find a job as the past. You cant change the past. The boss, about a possible promotion?
an au pair? im portant thing is to think about how you Patient Well, its possible. I hope so... What
Marina Well, I found a job, but not taking will do things better in the future. about the garden and the flowers? Do they
care of children. Im working in a Presenter Thank you, Andy. And now mean anything?
restaurant - a Mexican restaurant. Im a we have another callcr. W hats y o u r Doctor Yes. Flowers are a positive symbol. So,
4
waitress. I work very long hours! name, please? the flowers mean that you are feeling positive
Interviewer Was it difficult to find a job? Julie Hi, my names Julie. My tip is think about the future. So perhaps you already
Marina No. There are lots of jobs in positive thoughts, not negative ones. We knew about this possible promotion?
restaurants and hotels, things like that. all have negative thoughts sometimes, but Patient No, I didnt. But its true, I am very
Interviewer Are you still living in your when we start having them we need to happy at work and I feel very positive about
friends apartment? stop and try to change them into positive my future. That's not where my problems
Marina Yes, because its very expensive here ones. Like, if you have a test tom orrow are. My problems are with my love life. Does
and I cant afford my own apartm ent. New and you start thinking Im sure Ill fail, my dream tell you anything about that?
York is incredibly expensive! then youll fail the test. So you need to Doctor Hmm, yes, it does. Youre single,
Interviewer Your English is much better! change that negative thought to a positive arent you?
thought. Just think to yourself I'll pass. I Patient Yes, well, divorced.
Marina Well, a bit better, but I dont go to
classes, because I dont have time. As I said, do this and it usually works. Doctor Because the violin music tells me
I work very long hours in the restaurant. Presenter Thank you, Julie. And our next you want some romance in your life.
But 1 watch a lot of American TV, and I caller is Rosa. Hi, Rosa. Youre looking for a partner perhaps?
speak English at work. Rosa Hi. My tip is dont spend a lot of time Patient Yes, yes, I am. In fact, I met a very
Interviewer When are you going back to reading the newspapers or watching the nice woman last m onth - I reallvJ like
news on TV. Its always bad news, and it her... I think Im in love with her. Im
Brazil?
just makes you feel depressed. Read a book meeting her tonight...
Marina I dont know. My plans have
or listen to your favorite music instead. Doctor In your dream you saw an owl... in
changed a little bit.
Interviewer Why? Presenter Thanks, Rosa. And our next a tree?
Marina Well, T met someone at the caller is Mi-young. Mi-young? Patient Yes, an owl... a big owl.
restaurant. Hes the chef. Were getting Mi-young Hi. Doctor The owl represents an older person.
Presenter Hi, Mi-young. W hats your tip? I think youll need to ask this older person
married next month.
Interviewer Congratulations! Is he from Mi-young My tip is every week make a list for help. Maybe this "older person is me?
o f all the good things that happened to Maybe you need my help?
Brazil, too?
Marina No, hes Mexican. From you. Then keep the list with you, in your Patient Well, yes, what 1 really want to
bag or in a pocket, and if youre feeling a know is... Does this person... this
Guadalajara. Hes a fantastic cook.
woman... love me?
Interviewer So, are you going to stay in little sad or depressed, just take it out and
read it. Itll make you feel better. Doctor You remember the end of your
New York?
Presenter Thanks, Mi-young. And our dream? You were feeling cold?
M arina Yes. Im very happy here now. We
last call is from Michael. Hi, Michael. Patient Yes, my feet were very cold.
both really like New York. O ur dream is to
Were listening. Doctor Well... I think perhaps you already
open a restaurant together someday.
Interviewer Is your family coming to Michael Hi. My tip is to try to use positive know the answer to your question.
language when you speak to other people. Patient You mean she doesnt love me.
the wedding?
You know, if your friend has a problem, Doctor No,1 I dont think so. I think youJ will
Marina No! They don't even know Im
dont say Im sorry or Oh poor you. need to find another woman. Im sorry.
getting married! You see, they want me to
go back to Brazil. Say something positive like Dont worry!
Interviewer Well, good luck with Everything will be OK. That way youll 3.15
everything, Marina. make the other person think more Waiter Are you ready to order?
Marina Thank you. positively about their problem. Mark Yes, to start a tom ato and mozzarella
Presenter Thank you, Michael. Well thats all salad is that right, Allie?
% 3.7 % weve got time for. A big thank-you to all Allie Yes.
our callers. Until next week then, good-bye. Mark And the m ushroom soup for me.
Presenter Todays topic is positive thinking.
Waiter And for your main course?
We all know that people who are positive
i 3.13 I Allie Ill have the fried chicken.
enjoy life more than people who are
Patient So what does it mean, doctor? Waiter With French fries o r a baked potato?
negative and pessimistic. But scientific
Doctor Well, first the party. A party is a Allie A baked potato, please.
studies show that positive people are also
Waiter And for you, sir?
120
Mark And Id like the steak, with French fries. Woman 1 H m m ...yes and no. I like the 4.9
Waiter How would you like your steak? jacket, but the color was a mistake. Its rj-i*
Rare, medium, well-done? already dirty. Tim
Mark Rare, please. Interviewer Thank you very m uch for First I did the photo test. I was near
Waiter And to drink? your time. Charing Cross station. I stopped a man who
Mark Could your bring us the wine list, 2 was wralking fairly slowly down the street
Interviewer Hello. Do you m ind if I ask and I said, Excuse me, could you take my
you a few questions about Zara? photo? The man said, No, no, I have no
3.18 Woman 2 How long will it take? time for that, and just continued walking.
Interviewer Only a few minutes. Then I asked a woman in a business suit,
Waiter Your check, sir. who was walking toward the station. She
Mark Thanks. Woman 2 Well, all right.
Interviewer Have you ever been to a took one photo, but when I asked her to take
Waiter Thank you. another one, she walked away quickly.
.Allie Thank you, Mark. That was a Zara store?
Woman 2 Yes. Next, it was the shopping test. I went to a
lovelvJ dinner. souvenir shop and bought a key ring and a
Mark I 'm glad you enjoyed it. Interviewer When did you last go there?
Woman 2 Last month. red bus. The red bus was very expensive. The
.Allie Hows your daughter? total price was 40.1 gave the man 100
Mark Jennifer? Shes fine. Shes with her Interviewer Where?
Woman 2 In Spain. two fifty-pound bills. He gave me 60 back.
mother in Los Angeles. Finally, it was time for the accident test.
.Allie Mark? Interviewer W hat did you buy?
Woman 2 Just a scarf. I tried on some pants, For this test, I went down into the Tube (the
Mark Yeah. London subway). As 1 went down the stairs,
.Allie Can I ask you something? but I didnt buy them.
Interviewer Are you happy with the scarf? I purposely fell down and landed on the
Something personal? floor. A man immediately stopped and
Mark Sure. What? Woman 2 Yes. I like it a lot.
3 looked down at me. I thought he was going
.Allie How long were you married? to help me, but he didnt. He just said, Why
Mark Three years. Interviewer Have you ever been to a
Zara store? dont you look where youre going?
.Allie Why did you break up?
Mark There were a lot of reasons. We were Man Yes, once.
Interviewer When did you go there? 4.11 I
very young when we had Jennifer. We
were both working very hard. We didnt Man In August. Clerk Good morning, maam. How can I
spend much time together... the usual Interviewer Where? help you?
story. What about you, Allie? Man At an airport. Allie I want to go shopping. Wheres the
Allie Well, there was someone. I met him Interviewer Uh-huh. What did you buy? best place to go?
when I was at university. We were together Man Well, I almost bought lots of things, but C lerk Well, all the big departm ent stores are
for two years. We broke up. in the end 1 didnt buy anything. But my around Union Square.
Mark Whv? girlfriend bought some shoes. Allie Can you tell me how to get there?
/
Allie I dont know. Usual story! Clerk Yes, of course. Go out of the hotel and
Mark Thank you. Listen, its early - its only 4.8 turn left. Go straight ahead, down Sutter
nine oclock. Shall we go for a walk? 1 Definitely more. My daughter got married Street. Turn left at Stockton - its the third
Allie Good idea. Where shall we go? last vear, and she and her husband live street on the left. Union Square will be
J *
Mark Theres a place called Fishermans pretty far away. She calls me almost every right in front of you. You cant miss it.
W harf its right on the bay. There are day to tell me how everything is going, and Allie Thanks.
lots of cafes and bars. We could have we usually talk for hours. My phone bill is
another cup of coffee. now double what it was when she was 4.14
.Allie Fine. Lets go. living at home. Allie Oh, where is it? Excuse me. Can you
2 I spend a lot less time than before. My tell me the way to Union Square?
4.2 I youngest child just started school, and Ive Brad Hey - dont I know you?
gone back to work, so I never make lunch Allie I dont think so.
Interviewer Excuse me, sir, Im doing a ... now during the week - I just have a Brad Allie, Im Brad! Brad Martin from the
sir? Excuse me, maam, do you have a few sandwich. And in the evenings we often get Los Angeles office. Im Marks friend,
minutes to answ er... take-out pizza or Chinese food, or we heat remember? We met yesterday at the hotel.
Passer-by Sorry, I really dont have time. something up in the microwave. I spend a Allie Oh yes, thats right. Brad. Im so sorry.
Interviewer Excuse me. Could 1 ask you a little more time in the kitchen on Brad No problem. What are you doing here?
few questions about Zara? weekends, though. Allie I want to go shopping. Im looking for
Woman 1 Yes, OK. 3 Well, Id say less - though Im not sure if Union Square. But Im lost.
Interviewer Have you ever been to a my parents would agree. I get so much Brad Wheres Mark?
/
homework now that I never go to bed Allie Hes at the hotel - he had a meeting,
Zara store?
Woman 1 Yes, many times. before 11:00 or 12:00, but 1 still get up at I think.
Interviewer And when did you last go there? 7:00 in the morning. Its true I get up later Brad Listen, Allie. Im going to take you for
Woman 1 About three weeks ago. on weekends, but thats only two days out a cup of coffee at Del Monicos - they
Interviewer And where was that? of seven. have the best coffee in San Francisco, and
Woman 1 Here in Houston. At the 4 More, much more. Before, it only used to amazing cookies. And then I II walk with
Galleria Mall. take me fifteen minutes to get to work, and you to Union Square.
Interviewer OK, thank you. What did now it takes me at least half an hour. Its Allie Thats reallv# kind of vou.
/ .Are vou
/ sure?
you buy? mainly because there are just more cars on B rad Absolutely. Its my pleasure.
/ V
Woman 1 Uh, a white jacket. the road. Sometimes I think I should use Allie OK. Great. Im awful with new cities. I
Interviewer And are you happy with it? public transportation, but its so always get lost.
complicated from where 1 live. Brad Oh, I love your British accent...
Audioscripts
5.1 5 harmony. It was amazing. In just one day
Andrea Hi. Im Andrea. Nice to meet you. we really were much better.
1 Steve Hello. My names Steve. Interviewer Could you two give us a
Harry Hello, youre one of Peters friends, Andrea What do you do, Steve? No, dont little demonstration?
arent you? tell me! Let me guess your job! Let me see. Martin 8c Jenny Oh, OK.
Alan Thats right. Im Alan. You look like a ... professional athlete.
Harry Hi, Im Harry. Axe you enjoying the Steve No... Im a psychiatrist. i 5.7 I
party? Andrea A psychiatrist! Ooh, how fascinating! I arrived at Sao Paulo Airport with Fabiana,
Alan Yes, I am. Steve ...? Are you analyzing me?
Harry So, what do you do for a living, my guide. Test num ber one. 1 had to
Steve Uh, no, Im not. Excuse me, uh, get a taxi to the hotel. I said to the taxi
Alan? Andrea. I need to go to the restroom. driver, in Portuguese, To the Holiday Inn
Alan Im a doctor.
Harry A doctor? Oh, good. Listen, I have a Hotel, please - Vamos para o hotel Holiday
5.5 Inn, por favor." No problem. The driver
problem with my back. Could you take a
look at it? Ive got a pain right here... Interviewer Good morning and welcome. understood me. But then he started talking
Alan Im sorry, can you excuse me? I see In todays program, were going to talk to me in perfect English. I felt a little stupid.
Peter over there, and I want to wish him a about singing. In the studio we have We got to the hotel, checked in, and then
Martin, the director of a singing school in we went to a cg.fe for test num ber two.
happy birthday.
2 Atlanta, and Jenny, a student at M artins A waitress came up to us and I said, Uma
school. Good m orning to both of you. dgua mineral, por favor. That is, a mineral
Man Jim, this is Sandra.
Jim Hi. Martin & Jenny Good morning. water, please. Then the waitress said
Interviewer First, Martin, can you tell us, something in Portuguese and 1 understood
Sandra Nice to meet you.
M an Sandras a math teacher in a why is it a good idea for people to learn to her! She said, A large or a small water?
high school. sing? Large, I said. I was so happy that I could ,
Jim A teacher? Really? W hat a wonderful Martin First, because singing makes you understand her. I really enjoyed that drink.
feel good. And secondly, because singing is Next we went out into the street for test
job! Youre so lucky.
Sandra Why lucky? very good for your health. three: asking for directions. I decided to ask
Interviewer Really? In what way? for directions to a drugstore because I knew
Jim Well, you have really long
Martin Well, when you learn to sing, you the word for drugstore, farmdeia. 1 stopped a
sum m er vacations!
need to learn to breathe correctly. Thats woman who looked friendly and I said, in
Sandra Yes, thats what people always say.
Maybe you would like to teach my class very im portant. And you also learn to Portuguese, Excuse me, please, is there a
stand and sit correctly. As a result, people drugstore near here? No problem. But then
sometime. When you teach teenagers all
year, you need a long summer vacation. who sing are often in better shape and she started talking really fast and pointing. I
healthier than people who dont. tried to listen for left or right or anything I
3
Interviewer Are your courses only for could understand, but no, I couldnt
Kate Hello. We havent met before, have we?
professional singers? understand anything. I was sure that Fabiana
Luke No, 1 dont think so.
Martin No, not at all. Thevre for was going to give me zero for this test!
Kate I m Kate. Im Peters sister.
everybody. You dont need to have any I was feeling less confident now. We went
Luke Oh, hi, Pm Luke. I went to school
with Peter. experience singing. And you dont need to back to the hotel for test four: making a phone
be able to read music. call. Fabiana gave me a phone number and
Kate Ah, Luke! Youre the travel agent,
Interviewer So how do your students learn told me to ask to speak to her friend. His name
arent you?
to sing? was Adam. I dialed the number. A woman
Luke Yes, I am.
Kate Peters told me all about you. Listen, Martin They learn by listening and repeating. answered the phone. Is Adam there? I said
Singing well is really 95% listening. hopefully. Ndo, ele ndo estd, she said. I
can you recommend a cheap vacation? Id
Interviewer OK, Jenny. Tell us about the understood that! No, hes not in. I wanted to
like to go somewhere hot. Aaid I want to
course. How long did it last? say, When will he be back? but I could only
go in August. But when I say cheap, I
mean cheap. Oh, and I cant fly because Jenny Only one day. From ten in the say When home? Quando etn casa?And I
morning to six in the evening. didnt understand her answer. So I said thank
Im terrified of flying.
Interviewer Could you already sing well you and good-bye very politely. Fabiana
4
before you started? smiled, so I thought, well, that wasnt bad.
Woman Deborah, can 1 introduce you to an
Jenny No, not well. But I have always liked Finally, test five: asking for the time. 1
old friend of mine, Laura?
singing. But I cant read music, and I knew this test was going to be easy. Numbers
Deborah Hi, Laura.
never thought I sang very well. in Portuguese arent too difficult for me, and
Laura Nice to meet you.
Interviewer So what happened in the course? Ive always found telling the time very easy.
Woman Lauras my hairdresser.
Jenny Well, first we did a lot of listening I stopped a man in the street and said,
Deborah Ah. Youre just the person I want
and breathing exercises, and we learned Excuse me, do you have the time?
to talk to. Laura, what do you think of my
some other interesting techniques. Surprisingly, I couldnt understand the
hair color?
Interviewer W hat kind of things? answer, but I had a great idea and said, Can
Laura Well...
Jenny Well, for example, we learned that its I see your watch, please? He showed it to
Deborah Come on, tell me the truth. Is it
easier to sing high notes if you sing with a me. Seven forty. Perfect!
too blond?
surprised look on your face! How well did 1 do on the tests? Well, Fabiana
Laura U h... no. I think its fine.
Interviewer Oh really? Could you show us? gave me five out of ten for language, and eight
Deborah Are you sure?
Jenny Well, Ill try. for imagination. So can you learn a language in
Woman Laura, what would you like to drink?
Interviewer And for those of you at home, a month? Not Portuguese, definitely!
Laura Oh, a diet soda, please.
Deborah Do you think my hair would look 1 can promise you that Jenny looked
better shorter?
very surprised. Were you happy with i 5.121
Woman Deborah, Lauras not at work now. your progress? Salesperson Can I help you?
Deborah O h... sorry. Jenny Absolutely. By the end of the course, Allie Yes, I really like this sweater. Do you
we were singing in almost perfect have it in a medium?
122
Salesperson Lets see... u m .. .we have it in to be dead. A bear usually stops attacking about it. What can I do?
red in a medium. when it thinks that its enemy is dead, and Presenter Well, lets see if one of our
Allie No, 1 want it in black. so, if you were lucky, it would lose interest listeners can help, Kevin. And our last
Salesperson Just a minute, Ill go and check. in you and go away. caller is Catherine. OK, Catherine, over to
Here you are. A black medium. Do you Interviewer And finally, the bull attack. you. W hats the problem?
want to try it on? M ichael Well, if you were in the middle of a Catherine Hello. Im in college and 1 live
Allie No, thanks. Im sure itll be fine. field, forget about running. Bulls can run on campus. I live in a dormitory, and I
How much is it? incredibly fast. And dont shout or wave share a room with a roommate. Shes
Salesperson $43.38. your arms because bulls react to really nice. I get along very well with her,
Allie It says $39.99. movement, and this will just make the bull but theres one big problem.
Salesperson Yes, but that doesnt include come in your direction. The best thing to Presenter W hats that?
sales tax - thats 8.5% extra. do is to try not to move, and just stay Catherine Well, she always borrows things
Allie Oh, OK. Do you take MasterCard? where you are, and then at the last moment from me without telling me.
Salesperson Yes, of course. to throw something, a hat or your shirt, Presenter W hat does she borrow?
away from you. If you were lucky, the bull Catherine Well, first it was CDs and books,
5.15 would change direction to follow the hat or but then she started taking my clothes
shirt and youd be able to escape. By the to o ... sweaters, jackets, and things.
Mark Allie! You look great, as usual.
How was your morning? way, it doesnt matter what color the shirt Yesterday she took a white sweater of
is. It isnt true that bulls like red. They dont mine and she didnt tell me. So when I
Allie Really good. First I went shopping, and
see color; they only sec movement. wanted to wear it this afternoon, it was
then I went to the Museum of Modern Art.
dirty. I dont want to lose her as a friend,
Mark What did you think of it?
Allie It was wonderful. But I didnt have 6.11 but what should I do?
Presenter Welcome to this m ornings Presenter Thank you, Catherine. So... if you
enough time to see it all. Never mind.
Mark Maybe next time. edition of W hats the problem? Today were can help Barbara, Kevin, or Catherine, e-
talking about friends, so if you have a mail us at [email protected]...
Allie W hat a lovely evening!
Brad Hi, Allie. How was the shopping? problem with one of your friends, call us
Allie Great, thanks. now. And if youre listening to the <6.14
Brad Hi, Mark. And did you like the program, and you think you can help with Clerk Hi. How can I help you?
museum? I hope you didnt get lost again! any of the problems, just send an e-mail Allie Do you have any painkillers? I have a
Mark Hey, I didnt know you two were to our website. O ur e-mail address is headache.
friends already. [email protected]. O ur first Clerk I 'm sorry. We cant give our guests
Allie We met this morning. I got lost. I was caller today is Barbara. Hello, Barbara. medicine. But we can call a doctor for you
trying to find Union Square - and Barbara Hello. if you like.
suddenly Brad appeared. Presenter So, Barbara, whats the problem? Allie No, its OK. I dont need a doctor. Its
Brad So I took her to my favorite coffee shop. Barbara Well, I have a problem with a just a cold. But is there a chemists near
Mark Allie, what would you like to drink? friend called Jonathan. (Thats not his real the hotel?
Allie Id like a cocktail please. A margarita. name.) Well, Jonathan often goes out with Clerk Do you mean a pharmacy?
Brad W hat a good idea. Ill have one, me and my friends. The problem is that Allie Sorry, thats right, a pharmacy.
too. Mark, could you get us a couple hes really cheap. Clerk Sure. Theres one right across
of margaritas? Presenter Cheap? the street.
Mark Oh, so now Im the waiter, am I? Barbara Yes, he never pays for anything. Allie Thank you.
Brad So tell me about the museum, Allie. When we have a drink, he always says he Clerk Youre welcome.
W hat was your favorite painting? doesnt have any money or that he forgot
to bring his wallet. So in the end one of us i 6.17
6.4 always pays for him. At first, we thought, Mark Bless you! Are you OK?
Interviewer OK, Michael, can you tell us Poor Jonathan, he doesnt have much Allie Its just a cold. I had a bad headache
what to do in these three situations? First, money. But its not true. His parents this morning, but I feel better now,
work, and he works on Saturdays in a store Mark Listen. Im really sorry about last night.
what about the crocodile attack?
- so he must have some money. Do you Allie W hat do you mean?
M ichael Well, once a crocodile has seen you,
it will attack you. So doing nothing is not think we should say something to him? Mark At the party. I got kind of angrv at
Presenter Thanks, Barbara. Im sure youll Brad. He was really annoying me.
really an option. And a crocodile attacks so
soon get some e-mails with good advice. Allie Oh, I think hes very nice.
quickly that people never have time to
OK, our next caller is Kevin. Hello, Kevin. Mark Yeah, women alwavs think so.
swim to safety. The crocodile will try to get * 4
you in its m outh and take you under the Kevin Hi. Allie Dont worry, Mark. Brads not mv r re
Presenter W hats the problem? Mark So what is your type, Allie?
water. Your only hope is to try to hit it in
the eye or on the nose. If you did this and Kevin Uh, my problem is with my best Allie You know what my type is. Dar- hair,
friend. Well, the thing is, hes always 34 years old, lives in San Francisco...
you were very lucky, the crocodile would
open its m outh and give you time to flirting with my girlfriend. Mark Listen, tomorrow's your last ca1 I
Presenter Your best friend flirts with want to do something specie', '' "hat
escape. But I have to say that its very
difficult, although not impossible, to your girlfriend? would you like to do?
Kevin Yes, when the three of us are Allie I dont mind. You choose.
survive a crocodile attack.
Interviewer W hat about the bear attack? together, he always says things to my Mark How about a boat trip around the
girlfriend like, Wow! You look fantastic bav? We could do that in the mornir.a. and
Michael When a bear attacks someone, their / V
natural reaction is always to try to run today, or I love your dress, Suzanne, then have a nice dinner in the evening.
things like that. And when we re at parties, Allie That sounds fantastic.
away or to climb up a tree. But these are
both bad ideas. Bears can run much faster he always asks her to dance. Mark Its too bad vou can t stavi longer.
# KJ
than we can and theyre also much better Presenter Well, do you think hes in love Allie Yes, it s a pit}- - this week has gone so
and faster at climbing trees. The best thing with your girlfriend? quicklv. I feel I've iust arrived and now
to do in this situation would be to pretend Kevin I dont know, but Im really angry
Audioscripts
Im going home. in fact she actually appeared in the movie - Interviewer W hat did you want to be when
Mark Well, Im going to make sure she was the little baby in the baptism scene. you were in school?
tom orrow is a really special day. After she graduated from school, she Melisssa I wanted to be a lawyer.
decided to become an actress, but her career Interviewer Why?
% 7.1 % as an actress didnt last long. When her Melissa Well, I used to watch a lot of TV
Interviewer What exactly is your father made The Godfather Part III, he gave programs and movies about lawyers at the
his daughter a part in the movie. She played time, and I used to think it would be fun
phobia, Scott?
Scott Well, the medical name is Mary Corleone, the Godfathers daughter. to argue with people all day.
felinophobia or gatophobia. But it was a disaster, and the movie critics Interviewer So why did you become an
Interviewer And what does that mean wrote terrible things about her. So she elementary school teacher?
exactly? stopped being an actress, and she went to Melissa Lots of reasons. But I think the
Scott It means Im afraid of cats. the California Institute of Art, where she main reason is that both my parents were
Interviewer Cats? studied fine arts and photography. Then she teachers, and they both used to tell me,
decided to become a movie director. When you grow up and get a job, dont
Scott Yes.
Interviewer How long have you had Nineteen-ninety-nine was a really big be a teacher. So as 1 was a rebel, I did
this phobia? year for her. She directed her first movie, exactly the opposite.
Scott Since I wras a child. The Virgin Suicides, and this time the
Interviewer And how did it start? critics thought she was great. She also got 7.11 >
Scott When I was five or six years old, I married, to the movie director Spike Jonze Presenter Good afternoon, and welcome to
remember going to a friends house, and I - but they separated after a few years. another edition of Science Today. In
saw a cat on the stairs. And the cat was And then in 2003 she made her next todays program we are going to hear
looking at me, well, staring at me. I went movie, which is the one were going to see about women inventors. When we think
to touch it, and it bit me. And since then now, called Lost in Translation. Lost in of famous inventors, we usually think of
Ive always been afraid of cats. Translation was the movie that made Sofia men, such as Alexander Graham Bell,
Interviewer W hat happens if you see a cat? Coppola famous. For this movie she Guglielmo Marconi, Thomas Edison. But
Scott Well, I start to feel very nervous, and became the first American woman to be as historian Sally Brown will tell us, many
my heart beats quickly. And I have to go nom inated for an Oscar for best director, of the things that make our lives easier
away very quickly from where the cat is. although she didnt win it. today were invented by women.
For example, if I see a cat on the street, I Presenter Thank you very much, Anthony. Sally Thats absolutely right. Lets take the
always cross to the other side. And now, lets watch Lost in Translation. dishwasher, for example. This was invented
Interviewer Hmm... What do you do? by a woman named Josephine Cochrane in
Scott Im a doctor. % 7.6 1886. She was a rich American woman who
Interviewer Is your phobia a problem for Interviewer How old are vou in the gave a lot of dinner parties. But she was
you in your work? photograph, Melissa? annoyed that her servants used to break
Scott Yes, sometimes. For example, if I go Melissa Twelve or thirteen, I think. plates and glasses when they were washing
to a house and there is a cat, I have to ask Interviewer Did you like school? them after the party. So, Josephine decided
the people to put the cat in another room. Melissa Not really. to try to invent a machine that could wash
I cant be in the same room as a cat. Interviewer Why not? a lot of plates and glasses safely. Today the
Interviewer Hmm. Have you ever had any Melissa Because I didnt like any of the dishwasher is used by millions of people
treatm ent for your phobia? subjects. Well, thats not completely true; I all over the world.
Scott Yes, I just started going to a therapist. liked English, but that was the only class I The car was invented by a man, but it
Ive had three sessions. used to look forward to. I didnt like math, was a woman, Mary Anderson, who in
Interviewer Hows it going? didnt like science at all, and I hated phys ed. 1903 solved one of the biggest problems
Scott Well, now I can look at a photo of a I used to argue with the PE teacher all the o f driving. Until her invention, it was
cat w ithout feeling nervous or afraid. And time. She used to make us do impossible impossible for drivers to see where they
I can touch a toy cat. The next step will be things, things we couldnt do, like climbing were going when it was raining or
to be in a room with a real cat. ropes and jumping over the horse. I think snowing. The name of her invention?
Interviewer Do you think you will ever lose she just wanted to humiliate us. Windshield wipers.
your phobia of cats? Interviewer Were you a good girl at school? A fantastic invention that definitely
Scott I hope so. Im optimistic. Who knows, Melissa It depends on what you mean by improved the lives of millions of people
maybe someday Ill have a cat as a pet. good. I didnt smoke, I didnt use to was disposable diapers. They were
write graffiti on the walls or anything like invented by a woman named Marion
7.5 that. But I was a little bit of a rebel. I used Donovan in 1950. Anybody who has a
to break rules all the time, and of course small baby will know what a big difference
Presenter Good evening and welcome to
the teachers didnt like that. disposable diapers make in our lives.
Movie o f the Week. Tonight we arc going
Interviewer What kind of rules did Today more than 55 million disposable
to see Sofia Coppolas movie Lost in
you break? diapers are used every day in the world.
Translation. This movie came out in 2003,
Melissa Well, for example, the school was A few years later in 1956, Bette Nesmith
and it gave the young director her first
very strict about the school uniform - we Graham was working as a secretary. She
Oscar nomination. Before it starts, Anthony,
had to wear a blue skirt, and the skirt had used to get frustrated and angry when she
can you tell us a little bit about her?
to cover our knees. I used to make the made typing mistakes. In those days if you
Anthony Well, of course as you know, Sofia
skirt shorter. And sometimes I used to made a mistake, you had to get a new sheet
Coppola is the daughter of Francis Ford
wear blue socks and a black sweater, like of paper and start again from the beginning.
Coppola, so you could say that she was
in the photo, instead of a gray sweater, She had a brilliant idea, which was to use a
born with a camera in her hand. She was
and gray socks. The teachers used to get white liquid to paint over mistakes. Her
born in New York in 1971 while her father
really angry; I just thought it was silly. invention is called white-out today. Ms.
was making the movie The Godfather, and
Graham was a divorced mother, and her
invention made her a very rich woman.
124
And finally... Police officers, soldiers, 8.3 D avid At 5:45.1 have to get up early
and politicians all over the world are because I start work at 8:00, and it takes
protected by something that was invented N ew sreader And now for our top news story. me an hour to get to work.
by a woman. In 1966 Stephanie Kwolek Last Friday Steve Olson, a businessman Interview er What time do you go to bed?
invented kevlar, a special material that was from Seattle, was looking forward to a David Probably around 10 oclock.
very light but extremely strong, much relaxing two days in the mountains. He and Interview er If you have a test, do you study
stronger than metal. And this material is his wife had arranged a skiing weekend in a best in the morning, afternoon, or at night?
used to make the bulletproof vest. Her luxury hotel. But the weekend didnt work David Let me think, I havent taken a test
invention has probably saved thousands of out exactly as they had planned. for a long time, but when I was a student,
lives. Steve worked until late on Friday evening. I used to study better in the morning.
Presenter Thanks very much, Sally. So... if His office was on the 12th floor. When he Interview er A nd... if you exercise, when do
you thought that everything was invented finished, at 8 oclock, he locked his office you prefer to do it?
by men, think again. and got into the elevator... and he didnt get David In the morning, definitely. I love
out again until Monday morning! going for a long walk or cycling. Its really
7.14| Steve I pressed the button for the first floor, great early in the m orning because you
and the elevator started going down but feel that you're the only person in the
Mark Hi, Allie, How are you feeling today? then stopped. I pressed the button again,
Allie Much better. world whos awake at that time.
but nothing happened. I pressed the alarm Interview er Do you like your work schedule?
Mark Good. Are you going to be warm and shouted, but nobody heard me. Most
enough with just that sweater? It might be D avid I dont mind it. Finishing work early
people had already gone home. I tried to means I can pick up my daughter from
a little cold on the boat. call my wife, but my cell phone didnt work
Allie Ill be fine. Are we going to walk to school and take care of her in the
in the elevator... I couldnt do anything, I afternoons. Its true that I cant really have
the bay? just sat on the floor and hoped maybe
Mark No, its too far. Its better if we get a cab. a social life during the week because I go
somebody would realize what had to bed at ten, but thats OK.
-Allie How long does it take by cab? happened. But on Saturday and Sunday, I
-lark About ten minutes. Interview er All right, and the last question.
knew nobody would be there. I slept most Would you like to change your work
Allie And how longs the boat trip? of the time to forget how hungry I was.
Mark Im not sure. I think its an hour. Why? schedule?
N ew sreader Meanwhile Steves wife, Kate, D avid Well, yes, I would. Id like to work
Allie Well, I have to be back here by 1:00 - was waiting for her husband to come home.
Im expecting an im portant phone call, four days a week, maybe working more
Kate I was very worried when he didnt come hours in the day and have a three-day
lark Not from Brad, I hope? home on Friday evening, and I couldnt
Allie Well, actually... No, o f course not! weekend. Then I could spend three full
understand why his cell phone wasnt days a week with my family.
From the New York office. working. 1 called the police, and they looked
M ark OK. Lets go. Interview er Thats great. Thank you very
for him but couldnt find him anywhere. I much for your time.
thought maybe he was with another woman.
7.17|
N ew sreader So Steve was in the elevator the I 8.13 *
lark So, what do you think of whole weekend from Friday evening until
San Francisco? Monday morning. At 8 oclock, when the Clerk Good afternoon. How can I help you?
Allie Its beautiful, Mark. I love it. office workers arrived, they called the Allie Hi. I m leaving tomorrow morning
'a rk Better than London? emergency number, and somebody came very early. Could you prepare my bill so I
Allie Not better. Different. and repaired the elevator. can pay this evening?
lark Do you think you could live here? Steve I was very happy to get out. 1 hadnt Clerk O f course.
ALlie No, I dont think so. eaten since Friday afternoon, and I was Allie And could you order me a cab?
Mark Oh. Why? extremely hungry. Its lucky that Im not Clerk For what time?
-dlie Well, its a long way from London. I claustrophobic because the elevator was Allie My flights at 9:15, so I have to be at
think Id miss all my family and friends. very small. The first thing I did was to call the airport at 7:15.
lark Could you live somewhere else - but my wife to say that I was OK. Clerk Then youll need a cab at six oclock.
in Europe? N ew sreader Steve will soon be the fittest Ill order one for you.
-_lie Maybe. Why do you ask? man in his office - from now on hes going Allie Thanks. Oh, and has there been a
'ark Oh, no reason. I just wondered. to take the stairs every day - even though phone call for me?
: your left you can see the island of Alcatraz. its 12 floors. C lerk Oh, yes. Theres a message for you.
''.ark Look, can you see that building? That Can you call this num ber in New York?
used to be the prison, but it was closed in i 8.6 I Allie Right. Thanks.
1963. Its a museum now. Clerk Youre welcome.
Interview er Excuse me. Could I ask you a
A llie Where are we going for dinner tonight?
few questions? Were doing some research.
.ark Its a surprise. D avid Sure. W hats it about?
-Hie Im really looking forward to it. Interview er Well, we want to find out if you
'lark Me too. are a morning or an evening person.
Allie Brr. Im cold. David OK, fine.
4 ark Do you want to borrow my coat? Interview er OK, and whats your name?
A llie No. Its OK. Im going to miss you, Mark,
David David Cope.
lark Hey, excuse me! Could you take a Interview er And, what do you do, David?
photo of us, please? D avid Im a magazine editor.
Ian Sure. Are you ready? Interview er OK, and when do you work?
-ilie Ready. D avid Monday to Friday, eight till four.
Man Say cheese! Interview er What time do you get up in
the morning?
1A word order in questions
Questions with do / does / did in simple present and past Questions with be, present continuous, and going to
Question word Auxiliary Subject Base form (= verb) Question word be Subject (adjective, noun,
Do you live with your parents? verb + -ing, e tc .)
like Chinese food? Is Ana a student?
Does Lian
Where do you live? What are they doing?
are you talking about?
What kind does Lian like?
Where is he going to live?
of food
In questions with be, make questions by inverting
In the simple present use the auxiliary verb do / does the verb and the subject.
to make questions. | ' -----------------------
In the simple past use the auxiliary verb did to make questions. If a verb is followed by a preposition {listen to, talk
In these questions the subject goes after the auxiliary verb. about), the preposition goes at the end of the question.
Remember to use the base form of the verb in questions with What are you talking about?
do, does, and did. NOT About what are you talking.
IB simple present adverbs and expressions of frequency

I / you / we / they he / she / it We often use the simple present with adverbs
+ I usually work at home. Danny knows me very well. of frequency (always, often, sometimes, usually,
They dont live near here. It do esnt usually rain here. hardly ever, never).
7
Do you smoke? Does Rosa like music? Adverbs of frequency usually go before the
X main verb, but after be.
Yes, I do. / No, I dont. Yes, she does./No, she doesnt.
He never goes out NOT Me goes never out.
Use the simple present for things you do every day, week, year, She's always late. NOT Shes late always.
and for things that are always true. Expressions of frequency (every day, once a
Remember the spelling rules for 3rd person singular s: week, etc.) usually go at the end of a sentence.
work>works add 5 I have English classes twice a week.
study>studies consonant + y :y and add ies
fmish>finishes sh, s, ch, x: add es
go>goes do>does have>has
1C present continuous: be + verb + ing Use the present continuous for things happening
now, at this moment.
I you / we / they he / she / it My brother is working in South America.
A What are you doing?
+ Im working You He B f m sending a text message to Sarah.
We re working She s working Remember the spelling rules for the -ing form.
They It cook>cooking study > studying
Im not working You He live>living run>running
We arent working She isnt working A Some verbs are not normally used in the
They It present continuous, for example like, want,
? X
Are you working? Yes, I am. No, Im not. have (= possess), need.
Is he working? Yes, he is. No, he isnt. J need to talk to you now.
NOT Tm needing to talk to you new.
ID defining relative clauses with who, that; where

A You can use that instead of who.
A cook is a person who works in a restaurant.
A clock is a thing that tells the time. She's the woman who / that works with my brother.
A post office is a place where you can buy stamps. You can use which instead of that to talk about
things.
Use relative clauses to explain what a place, thing, or person is
or does. Its a thing which / that connects two computers.
That's the woman who won the lottery last year.
This is the restaurant where we had dinner last week.
Use who for a person, that for a thing, and where for a place.
1A
Put the w ord or phrase in the right place in the question. b Put the w ords in the right order to make questions,
old
How/are you? (old) you live where do? Where do you live?
1 you going to go out this evening? (are) 1
2 Where does your work? (sister) 2
3 What song are you listening? (to) 3
4 Does finish at 8:00? (the class) 4
5 Why you write to me? (didnt) 5
6 Do you to the movies a lot? (go) 6
7 What this word mean? (does) 7
8 What time did arrive? (your friends) 8
IB
W rite sentences an d questions w ith the sim ple present, b C om plete w ith a verb in the sim ple present.
he / usually get up late '+J He usually gets up late. get along not have listen live open not talk not work
1 Anna / like music
He lives in an apartment.
2 she / have a lot of hobbies 0
3 I / get along well with my sister 0 1 the b a n k s in the afternoon?
4 my brother / know me very well I-j 2 My sister many friends.
5 they / have any children I? 3 We hardly e v e r to the news in the car.
6 the movie / finish late |T 4 Shes very shy. S h e much.
7 he / go out twice a week _ 5 Jane well with her boss?
8 we / usually talk about politics E 6 My cell phone is new, but i t very well.
1C
Write sentences with the present continuous, b C om plete the sentences w ith the simple present or present continuous.
It / rain. 3 It isnt raining. The girl in the painting js_plqyjng the guitar. (play)
1 Hey! you / stand on my foot! l+J 1 My dog isnt dangerous. H e ______ (not bite)
2 they / play very well today E 2 W hy you sunglasses? I t _____ i (wear, rain)
3 what / you study right now |T| 3 You can turn off the radio. I ____ to it. (not listen)
4 we / think of you 1 4 I to go to the bank. I _ any money. (need, not have )
5 she / wear makeup I? I 5 Be careful! The baby _ that pencil in her mouth! (put)
6 they / make / a big mistake 0 6 A you usually on weekends? (cook, eat)
7 your brother / work in Taipei now [T B No, we alw ays____ out.
A W hat you here? (do, meet)
8 she / talk on the phone right now _d
B I Keiko. Look, there she is,
ID
a Com plete the definitions w ith who, that, or where. A c W rite sentences w ith who, that, or where.
Its the person who serves you in a cafe. that / the dog / always barks at night
1 Theyre p e o p le ______ make you laugh. Thats the dog that always barks at night.
2 Its a m a ch in e ______ cuts the grass. 1 she / the woman / lives next door to me
3 Its an anim al______ lives in the sea 2 that / the store / 1 bought my dress
and has eight legs.
3 he / the actor / was in F riends
4 Its a r o o m people try on clothes. 4 they / the children broke my window
5 Hes the perso n _______helps you with your luggage. 5 this / the restaurant thev. have cgreat pasta
I
6 Its a kind of f o o d keeps vampires away. 6 that / the switch controls the air-conditioning
b M atch the definitions and the pictures. 7 he / the teacher teaches my sister
8 that / the room we have our meetings
Study Link MultiROM www.oup.com/elt/americanenglishfile/2

2A simple past: regular and irregular verbs
I Base form Past

You work worked
He stayed at a hotel, didnt stay at a hotel,
stay stayed
She went on vacation. didnt go on vacation.
It like liked (just add d if verb finishes in e)
We study studied (y>i after a consonant)
They stop stopped (if a one-syllable verb ends in
X ? Did you stay at a hotel? Yes I did. consonant-vowel-consonant,
double the final consonant)
Did you go on vacation? No, I didnt.
Use the simple past to talk about finished actions in the past. To make the simple past EB of regular verbs add -ed.
The simple past is the same for all persons. Remember the spelling rules.
Use the base form after Did... ? and didnt for negatives Many common verbs are irregular in !+_ simple past, for
and questions. example, go>went. See the Irregular verb list on p. 155.
2B past continuous: was / were + verb + ing simple past or past continuous?
+
____
I You When I took the photo, they were writing a song.
He was working. We were working. I was sitting on the sofa when I saw the news on TV.
She They
It Use the simple past for a completed action.
I You I took the photo. / 7 saw the news.
He wasnt working. We werent working. Use the past continuous for an action in progress.
She They They were writing a song. / 1 was sitting on the sofa.
It
T v x Was he working? Yes, he was. No, he wasnt.
Were they working? Yes, they were. No, they werent.
Use the past continuous to describe an action in progress at a specific moment in the past.
A t six oclock last night, I was driving home.
On April 1st I was staying with some friends in the country.
2C questions with and without auxiliaries

Questions with an auxiliary Questions without an auxiliary
Question Auxiliary Subject Base form Subject Verb
What music do you like? What happened after the concert?
Which CD did he buy? Which team won the game?
Who did you go with? Who writes their songs?
To make questions in the simple past and simple When the question word {Who? What? Which? How many?)
present, we normally use the auxiliary verbs do / is the subject of the verb in the question, we do not use an
does / did + base form. auxiliary (do, does, did). The verb is in the third person.
What music do you like? NOT Who writes their songs? NOT Whe does write their songs?
In these questions the subject goes after the
auxiliary verb.
2D so, because, but, although

because and so but and although
She was driving fast because she was in a hurry, (reason) She tried to stop, but she hit the man.
She was in a hurry, so she was driving fast, (result) Although she tried to stop, she hit the man,
Hannah spoke to the DJ because they didnt like the music, (reason) It was late, but she couldnt sleep.
They didnt like the music, so Hannah spoke to the DJ. (result) She couldnt sleep, although it was late.
Use because to express a reason. Use but and although to show a contrast.
Use so to express a result. Although can go at the beginning or in the
middle of the sentence.
r u t the verbs in parentheses in the sim ple past. b R eorder the w ords to m ake questions.
v- summers ago we took (take) our vacation in Vancouver. Where did you go on vacation? go where vacation you on did?
e' (drive) there from San Francisco, but our car Chicago
(break) down on the freeway and w e 3 (spend) 1 __________________ ? time did have you good a?
e first night in Seattle. When w e 4 (get) to Vancouver, we Yes, it was great.
(not can) find a hotel - they6 (be) all full. 2 _________________ ? with did who go you?
r (not know) what to do, but we finally8 (find)
With some friends.
: rd and breakfast, and w e 9 (stay) there for the week.
3 _________________ ? stay where did you?
Ve - (see) the botanical gardens, (go) to
r arts festival, and 12_____ (buy) a lot of souvenirs. We
At a hotel.
(want) to go to Victoria, but we 14 (not have) ? you it why didnt like?
r'ough time. The weather15_____ (be) good, but it Because it was noisy and very expensive.
T (start) raining the day we v (leave). 5 _________________ ? how did cost plane much the ticket?
$500.
Complete w ith a verb in the past continuous. P ut the verbs in to th e sim ple past o r past contin u o u s.
1 He met his wife when h e ________ in Japan, (work) She arrived when we were having dinner, (arrive, have)
1 T h ey _________for us when we arrived. wait) 1 I _________ my arm when I _________ soccer, (break, play)
3 she a coat when she went out? wear) you fast when the police you
4 What y o u ___ at 7:30 last night? do) (drive, stop)
5 I ___ when you gave the instructions, not listen) 3 I t ________ when w e __________ the theater, (snow, leave)
6 I ___ when you called me. drive) 4 I ________ the game because I ____________(not see, work)
7 I t __ _ when I woke up this morning. not rain) 5 When you me, I to my boss, (call, talk)
2C
Cross o u t the w rong question. W rite the questions. Do you know the answers?
What you did / did you do last night? Who said , Hasta la vista, baby? (say)
1 What happened / did happen to you? 1 How many Formula 1 world cham pionships________________ ?
(Ayrton Senna / win)
2 What means this word / does this word mean?
2 Which US president______________ the Nobel Peace Prize in 2002? (win)
3 How many people came / did come to this class?
3 W h o _____________ the movie The Godfather7, (direct)
4 Which bus goes / does go to the airport?
4 W h e n ________________ president of South Africa?
5 Which actor won / did win the Oscar this year? (Nelson Mandela / become )
6 What said the teacher / did the teacher say? 5 Who The Lord of the Rings? (write)
6 What before he became a singer? (Sting / do)
2D
C om plete w ith so, because, but, o r although. M atch the sentence halves an d com plete w ith so, because,
We couldnt find a taxi, so we walked home. but, o r although.
1 it was very cold, she wasnt wearing a coat. 1 I was tired last night, _so E A I lost your e-mail address.
2 I woke up during the n ig h t____ there was a noise. 2 She drove very fa st____ B it was her birthday.
3 I called h im , his cell phone was turned off. 3 His English isnt very good,____ C they didnt have any rooms.
4 shes very nice, she doesnt have many friends. 4 I called him at his office,____ D he lived in Canada for two vears.
J
5 There was nothing on TV,____ I went to bed. 5 Shes not feeling very w ell,____ E I went to bed early.
6 All die cafes were full it was a holiday. 6 I didnt write to y o u ____ F she was in a hurry.
7 She wanted to be a doctor, she failed 7 He called the hotel,____ G he was in a meeting.
her exams.
8 I took her to a restaurant____ H she can't so to class tonight.
Study Link MultiROM www.oup.com/eli/americanenglishfile/2

3A going to present continuous for future arrangements
+ Pm going to work in a restaurant. Im seeing some friends tonight.
Shes going to meet me at the airport. Were having dinner at their house tomorrow.
We arent going to stay very long. She isnt leaving until Friday.
He isnt going to like the weather there. They arent coming to the party.
1m
Are you going to find a job? ? What are you doing this evening?
When is your brother going to visit you? Is she meeting us at the theater?
Use (be) going to + base form to talk about future plans You can also use the present continuous for future
and predictions. arrangements that you have planned for a fixed time
I m going to work in the US for six weeks, (plan) or place.
I think it s going to rain this afternoon, (prediction) Dont use the simple present for this. NOT I see some
When you use going to go, you can omit to go. friends tonight
I m going to go to college next year The present continuous is especially common with the
or Im going re-ge to college next year. expressions tonight, tomorrow, this weekend, etc. and
with these verbs: go, come, meet, see, leave, and arrive.
3B will, won't + base form (predictions)
I I I I I
You You you you you
He He he he he
She 11be late. She wont be late. Will she be late? Yes, she will. No, she

wont.
It It it it it
We We we we we
They They they they they
Contractions: 11= will; wont = will not We often use I think / 1 dont think ...+ will... I think hell fail the
exam. I dont think hell pass the exam. NOT I think he wonVpass.
Use will / wont + base form for future predictions.
(You can also use going to. See 3A above.)
The future of there is / are - there will be;
the future of I can - I ll be able to NOT Ill can.
3C will (promises, offers, and decisions) Use will / wont + base form for making decisions, offering;
and promising.
Decisions I wont have the fish. Ill have the steak. Ill help you with those bags. NOT I-help you.
Well take the 6:30 train.
Offers Ill help you with your homework. In [2J sentences with I and we, shall (and not will) is sometimes
Ill open the door for you. used to offer to do something or to make a suggestion, but this
is not a common use.
Promises Ill always love you. Shall we go for a walk?
I wont tell anyone.
3D review of tenses: present, past, and future

Tense Example 1Use
simple present I live downtown. Things that happen always or usually.
She doesnt smoke.
present continuous Hes looking for a new job. Things that are happening now or plans for a fixed
Im leaving tomorrow. time or place.
simple past We saw a good movie last night. Finished actions in the past.
We didnt do anything yesterday.
past continuous He was working in Taipei. Actions that were in progress at a past time.
What were you doing at 7:00?
going to + base form Im going to see Tom tonight. Future plans and predictions.
Its going to rain.
will / wont + base form Youll love Bangkok. Predictions, instant decisions, offers, and promises.
Ill call her later.
Ill help you.
130 Ill pay you back tomorrow.
3A
a C om plete w ith going to + a verb. b Cross o u t the w rong form . P ut a check () if b o th
form s are possible.
be buy get married not go not pass see snow stay
I-see / Pm seeing my boyfriend tonight.
What movie fire y0L1 going to see tonight? 1 What are you doing / do you do after class today?
1 Hes very lazy. Im sure h e his exams. 2 Is it going to rain / raining tomorrow?
2 your siste r __ a new house? 3 Were going to go away / going away this weekend.
3 Y ou___ in my class next year. 4 Pm meeting / 1 meet Susan this evening.
4 W e ___ camping next summer. W e ____ at a hotel. 5 Where are you going to stay / staying in Seoul?
5 A When th e y ? B In October. 6 Hurry up! Were going to be late / being late.
6 Its very cold, but I dont think it today. 7 Shes going to come / coining tonight.
3B
a W rite sentences and questions with will / w o n t b C om plete the predictions w ith will / w o n t + a verb,
Use contractions w here you can.
be do have last make
it / be difficult + Itll be difficult.
1 th e y /w in I- I dont think w eIZ have another war. This one is probably the last.
2 the meeting / be long |T Richard Nixon, 1971 (talking about the Vietnam War)
3 h e /g e t the job 3 1 H e never anything im portant in life.

Albert Einsteins teacher (said to his father), 1895
4 you / see him at the party 7?
2 No movie about the Civil War ever any money.
5 it / be impossible to park s
An MGM executive, 1945 (about the movie Gone With The Wind.)
6 you / like the movie Ej
3 Its a bad joke. I t .
she / love the chocolates we bought her Coco Chanel (about the miniskirt)
3 there / be a lot of traffic at 6:00 ~-r
4 I don't think th e re a woman Prime Minister in my lifetime.
9 you / can find a good job 0 Margaret Thatcher, 1973
i M atch the sentences. b Com plete the sentences with w ill/ w o n t + a verb,
Its cold in here. G A Ill help you with it. call forget have help pay take tell
1 Im thirsty. B Ill make you a sandwich.
A What would you like? B 17/ have the pasta.
2 That music is too loud. C Ill carry one for you.
1 A I cant open this window. B I you.
3 This exercise is hard. D Ill lend you some money. 2 A Its a secret. B I anyone, I promise.
4 Pm hungry. F Ill send it by e-mail now. 3 A When will I see you again? B I you tonight,
5 These bags are heavy. 4 Can I borrow $50? I you back tomorrow.
6 I left my wallet at home. H Ill turn it off. 5 A Its my birthday next week. B Dont worry. I
I need that photo urgently. I IU get you a glass of water. 6 A I dont feel very well. B I you home.
3D
C om plete the sentences w ith an auxiliary verb. P ut the verb in the rig h t form .
W here did you have lunch yesterday? A What jSre we doing tonight? (do)
B We 1 dinner with my sister, (have)
1 ____ you usually remember your dreams?
A But we 2 dinner with her last week! (have)
2 W hen your m other coming to stay?
B Yes, but she 3______ to tell us some good news, (want)
3 you see the game last night?
4 W ho you talking to a few minutes ago? A Oh, OK. I 4 some champagne, (buy)
5 W ho you th in k win the elections? B Its 7:00! W h a t5 to you? (happen)
6 your brother like classical music? A When I 6 home, I 7 *
to buv J
7 W h a t____ you going to cook tonight? the champagne, (come, stop) And then
8 it raining when you left? I 8_ Jim at the store... (meet)
B Well, hurry up. We 9 late! (be)
Study Link I MultiROM www.oup.com/elt/americanenglishfile/2 131

4A present perfect (experience) + ever and never
L+ Use the present perfect to talk about past experiences
... when you dont say exactly when they happened.
Ive (I have) I havent I ve been to London. NOT Ive been to London last year.
Youve (You have) You havent My brother has worked abroad.
Hes (He has) heen
UW toIU He hasnt For regular verbs the past participle is the same as the past
Shes (She has)
Mm. worked in
Korea. She hasnt a bank. simple (+ ed). For Irregular verbs see page 155.
Its (It has) It hasnt We often use the present perfect with ever (= in your
Weve (We have) We havent life until now) and never.
Theyve (They have) They havent Have you ever been to London? No, I ve never been there.
X
Compare the present perfect of go and be.
Have you ever worked in a bank? Yes, I have. No, I havent. Hes gone to Paris. - Hes in Paris now.
Has he ever been to Korea? Yes, he has. No, he hasnt. Hes been to Paris. - He went to Paris and came back.
present perfect or simple past?

Conversations often begin in the present perfect (with a general
A Have you ever been to Mexico? B Yes, I have. question) and then change to the simple past (with questions asking
for specific details, when, where, who with, etc.)
A When did you go there? B I went last year. Use the simple past to ask / say exactly when something happened.
4B present perfect + yet and already

yet already
A Have you finished your homework yet? A Do you want to see this movie?
B No, not yet. I havent finished yet. B No, Ive already seen it three times.
A Do you want a newspaper?
Use yet + the present perfect in H and 3]
B No, Ive already bought one.
sentences to ask if something that you
think is going to happen has happened or Use already in j+J sentences to say that
to say it hasnt happened. something happened before now or
Put yet at the end of the sentence. earlier than expected.
Put already before the main verb.
4C comparative adjectives comparative adverbs

Adjective Comparative Adverb Comparative Adverb Comparative
short shorter one syllable: +er Regular Irregular
big bigger one vowel + one consonant: quickly more quickly hard harder
double final consonant slowly less slowly well better
busy busier consonant + y: y + ier badly worse
relaxed more relaxed two or more syllables:
more + adjective Use comparative adjectives to compare people and things.
good better irregular My brothers taller than John.
bad worse Use comparative adverbs to compare actions.
far farther, further He drives more slowly than my father.
You can also use (not) as + (adjective/ adverb) + as.
John isnt as tall as my brother.
He doesnt drive as fast as my father.
4D superlatives (+ ever + present perfect)

Adjective Comparative Superlative Use the + superlative adjectives to say which is the biggest, etc.
cold colder the coldest in a group.
hot hotter the hottest Its the highest mountain in Asia.
pretty prettier the prettiest Shes the best in the class.
beautiful more beautiful the most beautiful We often use a superlative with the present perfect.
good better the best Russia is the coldest place weve ever been to.
bad worse the worst , Thats the most beautiful painting I ve ever seen.
far further the furthest
4A
W rite sentences or questions w ith the b Right () or w rong (x)? C orrect the w rong sentences.
present perfect. H es got up late this morning. * He got up late this morning.
he / ever / be there ? Has he ever been there? 1 Weve been to Pusan last year. ____________
1 you / ever buy / clothes from that store? 2 Have you ever been to Chile? ____________
2 1/ not read / the newspaper today. 3 Janes gone to the bank an hour ago. ___ ________
3 We / never be / to that shopping mall. 4 I like your shoes. Where did you buy them? _______ ___
4 your brother / live abroad / all his life?
5 Ive seen that movie last week. __________
5 They / go / to live in South America.
6 I spoke to him a minute ago. ____________
6 She / never fly / before.
7 We / not save / enough for a vacation. 7 My sisters a writer. Shes written five novels. __ __ _____
8 you / eat / in this restaurant before? 8 World War II has ended in 1945. ____________
4B
Reorder the words to make sentences. b W rite sentences o r questions w ith already o r yet. Use the presen t perfect.
1 made have you yet your bed? he / arrive (already) Hes already arrived.
2 gone already to work shes. 1 you / finish your homework? (yet) 4 Youre too late. He / go home (already)
3 yet we havent a cup of coffee had. 2 the movie / start (already) 5 you / speak to him? (yet)
4 I found a job havent yet. 3 1/ not meet / his girlfriend (yet) 6 1/ not read his new book (yet)
5 sent me yet an he hasnt e-mail.
6 house already sold theyve their.
4C
a W rite com parative sentences. Rewrite the sentences so they m ean the same. Use a s... as.
Mike is stronger than Jim. Jim isnt as strong as M ike.
Hong Kong is / expensive / Bangkok,
Hong Kong is more expensive than Bangkok. 1 Cindy is taller than Kelly. Kelly isnt ____
2 Your laptop is heavier than mine. My laptop isnt
1 Ana is / thin / my sister.
3 Mexico City is bigger than Bogota. Bogota isnt __
2 Im / busy / this week / last week.
3 Quebec is / far from Toronto / Ottawa. 4 Soccer is more popular
than tennis. Tennis isnt
4 I did / bad / on the final exam / the midterm.
5 Children learn languages faster
5 Our team played / well / theirs.
than adults. Adults dont
6 my new job is / boring / my old one. John doesnt
6 You work harder than John.
7 Brazil played better than Italy. Italy didnt _
4D
a C om plete the sentences w ith a superlative. b W rite sentences w ith ever.
Is this the noisiest city in the world? (noisy) it / hot country / 1 be to
1 Yesterday w a s __________ day of the year, (hot) Its the hottest country fv e ever been to.
1 it / good movie I I I see
2 This i s __________time of day to drive downtown, (bad)
2 he / unfriendly person I I I meet
3 Shes __________ person in the class, (friendly)
3 it / hard test / he / take
4 This is part of the test, (difficult)
4 they / expensive shoes / she buy
5 T he_ . m onth to visit is September, (good) 5 it / long book I I I read
6 Its __ city in the world, (polluted) 6 she / beautiful woman I see
7 The _ , Ive ever flown is to Australia, (far) 7 it / bad meal / I / eat

5A uses of the infinitive
infinitive
I want to go to the party. Use the infinitive after:

Tneed to buy some new clothes. - some verbs (want, need, would like, etc.) See Verb Forms page 154.
Itll be nice to meet some new people. - adjectives
Its important not to be late. It isnt easy to find a job. Nice to meet you.
The negative infinitive is not + infinitive.
Try not to be late tomorrow.
infinitive of purpose
A Why did you go to the party? B To meet new people. Use the infinitive to say why you do something.
I went to the party to meet new people. I came to this school to learn English. NOT for learn English.
5B uses of the -ing form Use verb + -ing: - after prepositions

as the subject of a sentence He left without saying good-bye.
Eating outside in the summer Smoking is bad for you. Remember the spelling rules for
makes me feel good. - after some verbs, (finish, practice, the -ing form (See page 126 1C )
I enjoy reading in bed. enjoy, etc.) See Verb Forms page 154.
Im thinking of buying a new car. Have you finished doing your
homework?
5C have to, don't have to, must, must not; can't + base form
have to, don't have to must j must not / can't
+ She has to get up at 7:00 every day. All traffic must turn right.
You have to drive on the left in Japan. Passengers must not leave bags unattended.
We dont have to wear a uniform at this school. You cant bring food into the library.
He doesnt have to work on Saturdays.
Do I have to buy a grammar book? Use must + base form to talk about rules and obligations.
Does she have to study tonight? You must turn off your cellphone before coming into class.
Use cant / must not + base form to say something is
Dont contract have or has.
prohibited or to state a rule.
I have to go. NOT
You cant park here. / You must not park here.
Use have to + base form to talk about rules and The words cant and must not have similar meanings, but
obligations, or to say something is necessary.
cant is more common in speaking. You can also use cannot.
Use dont have to + base form to say there is no
obligation, or something is not necessary. The verbs must I must not I cant are the same for all persons.
Use do / does to make questions and negatives. The verb must is not often used in questions (have to is
Do I have to go? NOT Have I to go? more common).
Must and have to are very similar, but have to is more Must not and dont have to have completely different meanings,
common, especially in speaking. Must is often used in Compare:
official forms, notices, and signs. You must not go ~ You cant go. Its prohibited.
You dont have to go - You can go if you want, but its not
obligatory/necessary.
5D expressing movement: go, run, etc. + preposition

The man went up the steps and into the building.
I ran over the bridge and across the park.
Be careful with in / into and out I out
She drove out of the garage and along the street.
of. Use into / out of + noun, but if
To express movement, use a verb of movement, for there isnt a noun, only use in or out.
example, go, come, run, walk, etc. and a preposition of Come into the living room. Come in.
movement ( up, down, etc.) He went out o f the house. He went out. X T JT
G ram m ar B ank
i
5A
a C om plete w ith an infinitive. M atch the sentence halves.
Im planning to take a vacation next month. They want to go to Ecuador D A to celebrate getting the job.
do not drive go learn leave not make meet 1 Hes going to have a party B to get some gas.
2 Youll need a visa C to buy stamps.
1 A Hi, I'm Su-jin.
3 Dont forget to call the
B Im Renata. N ic e _____ you. restaurant D to visit their family there.
2 W hat do you w a n t_____ this evening?
4 I stopped at the gas station E to tell them where we are.
3 I n e e d ______ to the bank. I dont have any money.
4 T ry _______ noise. Your fathers asleep. 5 Shes gone to the supermarket F to go to China.
5 Id really lik e _______ a new language. 6 I went to the post office G to make a reservation.
6 Be careful__ too fast on the way home. 7 Ill send them a text message H to get some food for tonight.
7 Shes decided her husband.
5B
a C om plete the sentences w ith a verb in the -ing form . b Put the verbs in the -ing form or infinitive.
be do go learn remember study talk teach I feel like listen in g to a CD. (listen)
1 _______yoga is good for your health, (do)
I dont enjoy doing housework.
2 We decided_______to the party, (not go)
1 My m other is very bad a t _______ names.
2 _______ teenagers is really hard work. 3 We wont take the car. Its im possible_________ (park)
3 You cant sing well without to breathe properly. 4 Im not very good a t _______ maps, (read)
4 My sister spends hours on the p h o n e______ to her boyfriend. 5 You can borrow the car if you prom ise_______ slowly, (drive)
5 I h a te ______ the first to arrive at parties. 6 Have you finished your homework? (do)
6 _______ by train is cheaper than by plane. 7 I dont m in d _______but I dislike________ the dishes, (cook, do)
7 Ill keep on until dinner time.
5C
a W rite sentences w ith the correct form o f have to. b Com plete the sentences w ith have to, d o n t have to, or ca nt.
I / work on Saturday ~ I dont have to work on Saturday. We dorvt have to work tomorrow. Its a holiday.
1 jane / work very hard s 1 Y ou_______ enter the country without a passport.
2 you / wear a uniform L2J 2 W e _______ take the bus to school. Its too far to walk.
3 The concert is free. Y ou_______ pay.
3 my sister / go to school El
4 Its late. I go now.
4 1/ finish this now IT] bring food into the library.
5 Y ou___
5 we / get up early tomorrow El 6 You___ come if you dont want to. I can go by myself.
6 Harry / work tomorrow T] 7 In Australia y o u _______ drive on the left.
7 we / hurry or well be late El 8 Y ou_______be very tall to play soccer.
5D
a Cross ou t the w rong preposition.
My phone stopped working when we went across / through a tunnel. b Com plete the sentences w ith in, into, out, or out of.
1 She ran to / down the lake and jumped into / out of the water. She jum ped into her car and drove away.
2 If you go over / past the school, youll see my house on the left.
1 1 like to g o _______on a Friday night.
3 He walked along / across the street until he got to the drugstore.
2 C o m e ________ The doors open.
4 The plane flew on / over the town and then landed.
3 He took his p a ssp o rt_______ his jacket.
5 The police officer walked toward / to me, but then he stopped.
4 She walked the cafe and ordered a coffee.
6 We drove over / out of the bridge and in / into the city.
7 The cyclists went around / under the track three times.

6A if + present, will + base form (first conditional)
It I miss the bus, Ill get a taxi. You can also use the imperative or can.
She wont be angry if you tell her the truth. I f you miss the bus, get a taxi.
What will you do if it rains? If you miss the bus, you can get a taxi.
Use if + present, will + base form to talk about

a possible future situation and its consequence.
The if clause can come first or second.
Ill come if you like. OR I f you like, I'U come.
6B if+ past, would + base form (second conditional)

If a bear attacked me, Id run away. The (/clause can come first or second.
I I didnt have children, I wouldnt live in the country.
I f I saw a bear, I'd run. OR I d run if I saw a bear.
Would you take the managers job they offered it to you? * Remember with can, use could + base form, not
would can.
Use if + past, would + base form to talk about an improbable / I f I had a car, we coidd drive there.
impossible or hypothetical future situation and its consequence.
If a bear attacked me, I'd run away. = Im imagining this With the verb be use were (instead of was) after I
situation. Its very improbable. and he / she / it
I f he were here, hed help you.
would / wouldn't is the same for all persons.
We often use the expression I f I were you...
The contraction of woidd i s 'd (I'd, you'd, he'd, etc.), and the
for advice.
contraction of would not is wouldnt I f I were you, I d find a new roommate.
First and second conditionals
Compare the first and second conditionals:
Use the first conditional for possible future situations.
If I have time tomorrow, I ll help you. (= maybe I will have time)
Use the second conditional for improbable / impossible or hypothetical situations.
I f I had time tomorrow, Id help you. (= I wont have time.)
6C may / might + base form (possibility)

We might have a picnic tomorrow, but it depends on the weather. A You can also use May I... I May we... to ask
I might not go to the party. I havent decided yet. for permission.
I may go to the party, but Im not sure. May I use your phone? (Can I use your phone?)
I may not have time to do everything today.
Might not and may not arent usually contracted.
Use might / may and might not i may not + base form to talk about a future possibility.
It might I may rain. = Its possible that it will rain.
Might / May (not) is the same for all persons, / might / may, he might I may, we might / may, etc.
6D should / shouldn't + base form (advice)

I think you should change your job.
The government should do more for old people.
Use should / shouldn't + base form to give somebody advice orsay what you think is theright thing to do.
You should cut your hair. = I think it would be a good idea.
should / shouldnt + base form is the same for all persons.
You can also use ought to instead of should. We dont usually use ought to in the negative form.
You ought to change your job.
6A
a M atch the sentence halves. b C om plete w ith the correct form o f the verbs.
If you leave now, C A if you dont start now. If you Jell me your secret, I wont tell anybody, (tell, not tell)
1 It will be cheaper B will you give it back to me? 1 If w e ________ walking, the b u s _______ .. (start, come)
2 If I dont see you later, 2 H e _______ angry if y o u _________ him. (be, not tell)
3 Youll learn more D if you go by bus. 3 Ifl it down, I ________ it. (not write, not remember)
4 y o u ________ me if y o u ________ any news?
4 If you get the job, E Ill see you on Friday. (call, hear)
5 You wont have time F if you come to every class. 5 If you _ _ her nicely, she you. (ask, help)
6 If I lend you this book, G will you earn more money? 6 Y ou__ the test if y o u _ . (not pass, not study)
6B
M atch the sentence halves. b C om plete w ith the correct form o f the verbs.
Youd feel much better C A we could go shopping. If I found a good job, I would move to Mexico,
1 Id enjoy the weekend more B Id get a new job. (find, move)
2 If you stayed for another day, 1 W e __________ the house if i t ___________ bigger.
(buy, be)
3 Would you wear it D if I went to live in China? 2 I f l __ his number, I him.
4 If I were you, E if I bought it for you? (know, call)
5 I wouldnt work F if I didnt need the money. 3 Y ou______ more if you harder.
6 Would you come with me (learn, work)
G if I didnt have to work
on Saturday. 4 If you for a week, you see
everything, (stay, can)
5 W e__________ our son more often if he
closer to us. (see, live)
6 I __________ to the doctor if I ________ you. (go, be)
6C
a M atch the sentence halves. b C om plete the sentences w ith m ight + a verb.
Take your umbrella. D A You might fall. be cold be sick be in a meeting go to th e movies
1 Lets buy a lottery ticket. B It might not be your size. not have time not like it win
2 Call the restaurant. C We might get lost.
Im not sure what to do tonight. I might go to the movies.
3 Dont stand on the wall. D k n i g ht rain;
1 Jong-mi wasnt in class today. She _ _ ______________
4 Lets take a map. E I might be late.
2 Danilo isnt answering his phone. H e _______________
5 Try the shirt on. F You might cut yourself. 3 Its an unusual movie. Y ou _________________________
6 Dont wait for me. G It might be closed 4 I dont know if Ill finish it. I _____
on Sundays. 5 Its a difficult game, but w e ________________________
7 Be careful with that knife. H We might win. 6 Take your coat. I t _________________________________
6D
C om plete the d o c to rs advice w ith b C om plete the sentences w ith should or shouldn't + a verb,
should o r shouldnt.
drive go leave relax study walk wear
You should stop smoking.
1 You eat too much red meat, We should leave early. There might be a lot of traffic later.
2 You work 12 hours a day. 1 Y ou a jacket. Its cold outside.
3 You lose some weight, 2 I ____________ tonight. I have a test tomorrow.
4 You eat more fruit, 3 Y ou___________ alone in that part of the city. Get a taxi.
5 You drink a lot of coffee, 4 S h e ___________ more. Shes verv/ stressed.
6 You get enough sleep, 5 People____________ so fast when its raining.
7 You start exercising. 6 Y ou___________ to bed early tonight. You look really tired.
Study Link MultiROM www.oup.com/ell/aniericanenglishfile/2 137

7A present perfect + for and since
A Where do you live now? B In Tokyo. A You cant use the simple present here.
A How long have you lived there? B Ive lived there since 1990. NOT How long do you live here?
A Where do you work? B In an elementary school. I live in Tokyo since 1990.
A How long have you worked there? B Ive worked there for five years.
Use the present perfect + for or since to talk about actions and states Use since with the beginning of a period of time,
that started in the past and are still true now. for example, since 1990, since last June, etc.
Ive lived in Tokyo since 1990. = I came to live in Tokyo in 1990, I ve been afraid of water since I was a child.
and I live in Tokyo now. Use for + a period of time, for example, for two
Use How long?to ask questions about the duration of an action or a state. weeks, for ten years, etc.
I ve had this car for three months.
7B present perfect or simple past? A Dont use since with the simple past.
How long has Tarantino been a director? Hes been a director since the 1980s,
You have to use from ... to.
How many movies has he made? Hes made six movies. He was president from 1993 to 2001.
How long was Hitchcock a director? He was a director for 50 years.
How many movies did he make? He made 52 movies.
Use the present perfect + how long?, for, and since to talk about a period of time from the past until now.
How long have you been married? I ve been married for 10 years. ( - Im married now.)
Use the simple past + how long? and for to talk about a finished period of time in the past.
How long was he married? He was married for two years. (= Hes not married now.)
7C used to / didn't use to
I I I I I
You You you you you
He He , he he he
r, used to cl didn t use to Did , use to wear glasses? Yes, did. No, . didn t.
She . She , she she
j wear glasses. wear glasses.
we we we
We We they they they
They They
Use used to / didnt use to + base form for things that happened repeatedly or over A
a long period of time in the past but are usually not true now, for example, for ik Dont use use to for present habits.
things that happened when you were a child. Use the simple present + usually.
I used to have long hair. I used to play in the street. I didnt use to have a cell phone. I usually cook in the evenings.
You can also use the simple past here: I had long hair when I was a child. NOT fuse to cook in the evenings.
7D passive: be + past participle

Present
Risotto is made with rice. It isnt made with pasta. Is it made with meat?
These offices are cleaned every morning. They arent cleaned on Saturdays. Are they cleaned on Sundays?
Past + 7
Guernica was painted by Picasso. It wasnt painted by Dali. When was it painted?
The pyramids were built by the Egyptians. They werent built by the Greeks. Why were they built?
You can often say things in two ways, in the active or in the passive. Make the present passive with
Picasso painted Guernica, (active) Guernica was painted by Picasso, (passive) am I is I are + the past participle.
In the active sentence, the focus is more on the person (e.g., Picasso). Make the past passive with
In the passive sentence the focus is more on the painting (e.g., Guernica). was / were + the past participle.
You can also use the passive when its not known or not important who does or Use by to say who did the action.
did the action. The Lord of the Rings was written
My car was stolen last week. (I dont know who stole it.) by Tolkien.
7A
W rite questions w ith H ow long an d the p resen t perfect, b A nsw er the questions in a. Use the present
perfect + for o r since.
you / be married How long have you been married?
Vve been, married since 1986s
1 he / have his car _____________________
1 H e ______________________ three years.
2 your parents / live in this house
2 T h e y ______________________ a long time.
3 you / be a teacher _____________________
3 I _ 1990.
4 she / know her boyfriend _____________________
4 She _ May.
5 Poland / be in the E U ____________________ 5 It _ 2004.
6 you / have your dog _____________________ 6 We _ about two years
7 Tim / be afraid of water _____________________ 7 He _ he was a child.
7B
a Right () or w rong (x)? C orrect the w rong sentences. b C om plete w ith th e p resen t perfect o r sim ple past.
She is married since 1990. * Shes been married since 1990. 1A Where does Joanna live now?
1 He has finished school last year. B In Washington.
A How lo n g ___________ there? (she / live)
2 I lived in Ottawa for two years,
but then I moved to Toronto. B For six months. S h e __________ there in February, (move)
2 A W h e n ___________ ? (Picasso / die)
3 She lives in Hollywood since 2004.
B In 1973, in France, I think.
4 My sister has had her baby yesterday!
A How lo n g ___________ in France? (he / live).
5 I work in a bank. I work there for twenty years. B For a long time. H e __________ Spain when he was 23. (leave
6 The city has changed a lot since I was a child. 3 A My sister and her husband get along very well.
7 They have been married for a year. Theyre divorced now. B How lo n g ___________ married? (they / be)
7C b M ake sentences w ith used to,

a Look at how James has changed. W rite five sentences ab o u t d id n t use to, or did ... use to.
how he was T H E N . you / have long hair ffl
Did you use to have long hair?
THEN He didrrt use to be slim. NOW
1 where / you / go to school IX
1 ________________short hair.
2 1/ like vegetables when I was a child s
2 ___________heavy.
3 my sister / hate math in school E
3 ________________ glasses. 4 what / you / do in the summer
4 ________________a school 5 they / live near here 0
uniform.
6 this building / be a theater
________________wine. 7 your brother / study here IT
7D b Rew rite the sentences in the passive.

C om plete w ith present passive o r past passive. Shakespeare wrote Hamlet.
Hamlet was written by Shakespeare.
The Eiffel Tower was built in 1889. (build)
1 All the singers clo th es_____________ specially for her. (make) 1 Last night the police stopped us.
Last night w e ______________
2 The g ra ss_____________ every month, (cut)
2 American teenagers eat a lot of fast food.
3 This morning I up by the neighbors dog. (wake) A lot of fast f o o d ______________ _____
4 Baseball_____ in the summer in the US. (play) 3 Toulouse-Lautrec painted A t the Moulin Rouge.
5 These songs _ last year, (record) A t the Moulin Rouge ___________________
6 Most children in public schools, (educate) 4 The marketing manager organizes weekly meetings.
Weekly m eetings_______________________
5 Oxford University Press published this book.
This b o o k _______________________

i
8A something, anything,nothing, etc.
? and verb Short answer
people somebody anybody nobody
someone anyone no one
things something anything nothing v///V///7
Somebody's in Is anybody in There isn't anybody
places somewhere anywhere nowhere the bathroom. the bathroom? in the bathroom.
Use somebody, something, someone, etc. when you dont say Use nobody, nothing, nowhere in short
exactly who, what, or where. answers or in a sentence (with a 0 verb).
Somebody broke the window. Whos in the bathroom?
I went somewhere nice last weekend. Nobody. Nobody's in the bathroom.
Use anything, anybody, anywhere in questions or with a [-j verb. NOT Anybody is in the bathroom.
I didn't do anything last night. NOT I didnt do nothing. Somebody, nobody, etc. are the same as someone, no one, etc.
8B quantifiers
too, too much, too many
Im stressed. I have too much work. Use too, too much, too many to say ltmore than is good.
My diet is unhealthy. I eat too many cookies. Use too + an adjective NOT Im too much tired.
I dont want to go out. Im too tired. Use too much + uncountable nouns (e.g., coffee, time).
Use too many + countable nouns (e.g., cookies, people).
enough a little, a few
Do you eat enough vegetables? A Do you take sugar? B Yes. Just a little.
I dont drink enough water. A Do want some fries? B Yes, but just a few.
This dress isnt big enough. I eat a little meat. Can you buy a few bananas?
I drink very little coffee. He has very few friends.
Use enough before a noun
to mean all that is necessary Use a little / very little and a few I very few to talk about small quantities.
Use enough after an adjective. Use a little / very little with uncountable nouns and a few / very few with countable nouns.
8C word order of phrasal verbs

With these verbs you can put the particle {on, off, etc. ) before or after the object.
Every morning I get up at 8:00.
Put on your coat OR Put your coat on.
Then I turn on the radio.
Turn off the TV OR Turn the TV off.
I always have to look for my glasses.
When the object is a pronoun {me, it, him, etc.), it always goes between the verb
A phrasal verb = verb + particle (preposition and particle.
or adverb) get up, turn on, look for. Here's your coat. Put it on. NOT Put on it.
1 Some phrasal verbs dont have an object. I don't want to watch TV. Turn it off. NOT Turn off it.
Come in and sit down. 3 Some phrasal verbs have an object and are inseparable.
What time do you get up? I'm looking for my keys,
2 Some phrasal verbs have an object Vm looking for them.
and are separable. With these phrasal verbs, the verb (look) and the particle (for) are never separated
Put on your coat I looked through my notes. NOT I looked my notes through.
Turn off the TV. I looked through them. NOT
8D so, neither + auxiliaries

A I love soccer. Use So do I / Neither do I, etc. to say that you have The auxiliary you use depends on the tense
something in common with somebody. used in the sentence you are responding to.
B So do I.
A I went to college. Use So + auxiliary + I with sentences, I love soccer. So do I.
B So did I. A I'm happy. B So am I. NOT I didn't like the movie. Neither did I.
A Im not married. Use Neither + auxiliary + I with sentences. I can swim. So can I.
B Neither am I. A I'm not hungry. B Neither am I. I wasn't very tired. Neither was I.
A I dont smoke. NOT Neither I am. I've been to Europe. So have I.
B Neither do I. I wouldn't like to go there. Neither would I.
n
8A
A nsw er w ith Nobody, N ow here, o r N othing.
C om plete w ith som ething anything, nothing, etc.
Did you m e e t anybody last night? 1 What did you do last night? ____________
2 Where did you go yesterday? ____________
1 Are you d o in g ______________ tonight? 3 Who did you see? ____________
2 __________ called when you were out. He said hed call back later.
3 I saw your car k e y s_____________ , but I cant remember where. Answer the questions in b w ith a full sentence,
4 D id ______________ happen while I was out?
1 I didnt d o ____________________________
5 Did you g o ______________ exciting last night?
2 ____________________________________
6 I bought y o u ____________ _ for your birthday. 3 ______________________________________
7 _____________answered.
I knocked at the door, b u t ________
8 We went shopping, but we didnt buy
8B
a Cross o u t the w rong form . C om plete the sentences w ith too, too m uch, too m any, o r enough.
How much / many meat do you eat? My fathers not in good shape. He doesnt get . enough exercise.
1 I drink too / too much coffee. 1 You e a t _________ red meat. It isnt good for you.
2 I eat too much / too many cookies. 2 I cant walk to work. Its _________ far.
3 I dont drink enough water / water enough. 3 There are cars on the roads today.
4 I cant go. I am too / too much busy. 4 I dont get sleep - only six hours, but I really need eight.
5 You work too much / too many. 5 I w a s ___ tired to go out last night.
6 I only drink a few / a little coffee. 6 There were people at the party, so it was impossible to dance,
7 I dont have enough time / time enough.
8 She has a few / a little good friends.
8C
a C om plete the sentences w ith a particle from the box. P ut a check () next to the sentences in a where the
away back down (x2) for off on out up particle (on, off, etc.) could also go after th e object.
C om plete the sentences w ith it or them and a particle,
Turn off. your cell phone before you come into class.
1 T u rn the radio. Its too loud. away off (x2) on up (x3)
2 What time do you usually g e t in the morning? 1 I cant hear the radio. T u r n ________
3 John called when you were out. Hell c a ll later. 2 Your clothes are all over the floor. Pick
4 My sister is lo o k in g ____ a new job. 3 Heres your coat. P u t _____________
5 I think you should throw those old jeans. 4 What does this word mean? L o o k __
6 I always t r y new clothes before I buy them. 5 Your shoes are wet. T ake__________
7 Do you want to go _ tonight or stay home? 6 I dont need those papers. T h ro w ___
8 You should write _ new words in your book. 7 Dont watch the TV now. T u r n _____
8D
a C om plete Bs answ ers w ith an auxiliary verb. b R espond to A. Say you are the same.
A I like coffee. B So do I. Use
1 A Im really hungry. B So I. A Neither do I.
2 A I didnt go out last night. B Neither _ I. 1 A
3 A I was born in India. B So I. 2 A
4 A I dont smoke. B Neither I. 3 A
5 A Ive been to Bangkok. B So I. 4 A
6 A I cant swim. B Neither I. 5 A
7 A Id like to go to China. B So _ I. 6 A
8 A I saw a movie last night. B So I. 7 A
Study Link MultiROM www.oup.com/elVamericanenglishfile/2 141

9A past perfect
+
I I
You You
He He
S he d seen the play before. She hadnt seen the play before.
It It Suddenly he remembered that he had seen the movie before.
We ,J We
They Use the past perfect when you are already talking about
They
the past, and want to talk about an earlier past action.
contractions: Id - I had I hadnt = I had not When I woke up the yard was all white.
It had snowed during the night
? X

I arrived at the coffee shop twenty minutes late, and my

I I I friends had already left.
you you you Make the past perfect with had / hadn't + the past
he participle.
Had l seen it before? Yes, ^ had. No she hadl,,t The past perfect is the same for all persons.
we we we
they they they Be careful: Vd can be I had or I would.
9B reported (or indirect) speech

reported sentences reported questions
Direct speech Reported speech Direct speech Reported speech

I love you. He said (that) he loved her. Do you want He asked her if she wanted
to dance? to dance.
I want to see you He told her (that) he wanted
again. to see her again. Where do you live? He asked her where she lived.
Use reported speech to say what another person said. * In reported questions:
I love you7'^> He said (that) he loved her. - the tenses change in exactly the same way as in
reported sentences, e.g., present to past, etc.
Other tenses change like this: - we dont use do / did.
Direct speech Reported speech What do you want?^>
I can help you. He said (that) he could help me. He asked me what I wanted.
Ill call you. He told me (that) he would call me. NOT He asked me what did I want.
- if the question begins with do, can, etc., add if.
I met a woman. He told me (that) he had met a woman.
Do you like the m usic?^5 askcd her i f she liked
----------------------------- the music.
Ive been at work He said (that) he had been at work
since 8:00. since 8:00. Can you singT") S/te asked him i f he
'1 coul d sing.
that is optional after say and tell - the word order is subject + verb.
Pronouns also change in reported speech, for example:
I changes to he / she, etc. Are you a s tu d e n t^ He asked her if she was
------ a student.
Im co m in g /'') She told me that she was coming.
Have you seen the movie?^? She asked him if he had
-------------------- ------------- seen the movie.
You can use said or told in reported speech, but they are
used differently.
- You cant use said with an object or pronoun.
NOT He said her he loved her
- You must use told with an object.
He told her that he loved her NOT he told th at...
G ram m ar B ank
9A
M atch the sentence halves.
I couldnt get into my house because D A He had made other plans.
1 When our friends arrived, B I realized that Id seen it before.
2 I took the sweater back because C she hadnt flown before.
3 Jack didnt come with us. D Id forgotten my keys.
4 I turned on the TV E I hadnt turned off the stove.
5 Fumiko was nervous because F he had bought me the wrong size.
6 When the movie started, G we hadn't finished cooking the dinner.
7 At work I suddenly remembered that H to see what had happened.
b C om plete the sentences. P ut the verbs in th e sim ple past o r past perfect.
We didn't get a table in the restaurant because we hudirt made a reservation, (not get, not make)
1 I ____________ Maria because s h e _____________ her hair, (not recognize, cut )
2 My friend to tell me I my jacket in the car. (call, leave)
3 When I __ the TV, the g a m e __ (turn on, finish)
4 S h e _____ me the book because she it yet. (not lend, finish)
5 H e _____ all his final exams because he __________at all. (fail, not study)
6 When we home, we saw that somebody the kitchen window, (get, break)
9B
a W rite th e sentences in rep o rted speech. b M ake rep o rted questions.
He said, I love you. He told her that Do you want to dance? He asked her if she
he loved her wanted to dance
1 Im tired. She said that 1 Do you like Mike asked me if I

football?
2 I dont like He told her 2 What kind of 1 asked her what kind of music
rock music. music do you like? _________________________
3 Ill make He said 3 Are you tired? She asked me

a reservation.
4 Ive seen that Paul told us that 4 Have you been I asked them
movie twice. to Brazil?
I live in She said that 5 Where did you He asked me

the city. live before? __________
6 We can do it. They said that 6 Can you swim? She asked him
I saw the movie Julie said that 7 Where are I asked him
on TV. vou from?

I
Classroom language
YOU HEAR YOU SAY
a M atch the phrases an d pictures, a M atch the phrases.
A B
1 How do you say in English? Very bad.
2 How do you spell it? 84.
3 Could you repeat that, please? 1 A sheep.
4 How do you pronounce it? See you. Bye.
5 What does awful mean? Yes. S-H-E-E-P.
6 Can I have a (piece of paper), please? Thats OK. Sit down.
7 Which page is it? /Jip/
8 Sorry Im late. You too. See you on Monday.
9 Bye. S-H-E-E-P.
10 Have a good weekend! Here you are.
b Cover co lu m n B. R em em ber the answ ers. T h en cover co lu m n A.

R em em ber the phrases.
YOU READ
a M atch the in stru c tio n s a n d pictures.
a'o Have you ever been

To Zara store? You
\\\^ "
\s 0
% 'f
A B) C How is you?
How are you?.

2
Where
are you V 'v i S )
de-yeu
from? ^
How is you? Y
cat^
dog
Ask and answer the questions. How are you?
mouse |
Dont write. 6 8 10
Dont speak (Spanish).
circle underline complete
Go to page 33.
cross out check 1 choose
Write down the words.
copy the rhythm put an x
Sit down.
match cover the text
Stand up.
Look at the board. b Cover the instructions. Look at the pictures and rem em ber them ,
Turn off your cell phone.
O p.5
1 Work in pairs.
b C over the phrases. Look at the

pictures an d rem em b er the phrases
144 Study Link MultiROM www.oup.com/elt/americanenglishfile/2

Adjectives V ocabulary B ank
1 Personality adjectives
: . latch the adjectives and definitions.
friendly /'frsndli/ hinny generous lazy shy talkative
Adjective Opposite
A person who talks a lot is ... talkative
A person who likes giving presents is ...
A person who never does any work is ...
A person who makes people laugh is ..,
A person who is open and nice is ...
A person who is nervous and uncomfortable meeting new people is ...
b C om plete the O p p o site colum n.
hardworking outgoing quiet /'kw aret/ serious/'siriss/ stingy /'stindî/ unfriendly
Cover th e A djective and O p p o site colum ns. Look at the definitions an d say the adjective and its opposite.
O p.6
2 Opposite adjectives 3 V
V
i M atch the w ords an d pictures 1-8.
Opposite \
boring
crowded /'k rau d ad /
dangerous /'d ein d jsras/ ____
1 far near
modern ____
noisy ___________
polite /p s lait/ ___________
polluted ___________
M atch these adjectives w ith th e ir opposites in a.
clean empty exciting / interesting near old-fashioned quiet rude safe
: Cover the w ords and look at the pictures. R em em ber the adjectives and th e ir opposites,
i Put the adjectives w ith the correct prefix to m ake opposites.
comfortable /'kAmfartabl/ happy un

happy
healthy /'helGi/ mature / m s 'tju r/ im
patient /'peijnt/ polite possible
- Test a p artn er. A say an adjective. B say the opposite.
O p.47
Study Link I MultiROM www.oup.com/elt/americanenglishfile/2 145

The body
a M atch the w ords and pictures.
arm(s)
11 ear(s)
6 eye(s) /ai/
face
finger(s)
14 hair
hand(s)
head /hed/
8 lip(s)
1 m outh /m a o 9/
2 neck
9 nose
shoulder(s) /'Jb u ld sr/
stomach /'stAmak/
back
foot (plural feet)
knee(s) /ni/
18 leg(s) 15
brain
heart /h a rt/
teeth (singular tooth)
toes /tooz/
23 tongue /tAg/ 16
b Cover the w ords an d test yourself or test a partn er.

Point to a p a rt o f the body for yo u r p a rtn e r to say the w ord.
c W hat p art(s) o f the b ody do we use t o . ..?
see h e a r ___________ sm ell________ k is s _________ bite ________

touch /tAtjV __________ th in k _______ fe e l________ k ic k -------------- smile
d Test a p artn er. Ask W hat do you use to see? etc.
A In English we use personal p ro n o u n s (ray, your, etc.) w ith p arts o f the body, n o t the.
Give m e your hand. N O T
O p.8
146 Study Link MultiROM wvwv.oup.com/elt/arnericanenglishfile/2

Vacations V ocabulary B ank
Phrases with go
M atch the verbs and pictures,
go abroad
u ---------------- /s'brod/
go swimming / sailing
go sightseeing
go camping
go by car / bus / plane / train
go to the beach
c?
go out at night
go away for the weekend
go for a walk
Cover the phrases an d look at the

pictures. Test yourself or a partn er.
Other vacation activities

C om plete the verb phrases.
uy have meet rent spend stay sunbathe /'sAnbeiS/ take walk
at a hotel / campsite on the beach in the mountains / around the town

photos a good time friends
souvenirs money / time a car / an apartment
.est yourself. Cover the verbs. R em em ber the phrases.
3 The weather
- latch the w ords
m d pictures.
sunny
windy
*"* foggy
cloudy /'klaodi/
snow
A All these w ords are adjectives except rain and snow, w hich are n o u n s or verbs
hot I ts snowing. It snows every year. Theres snow on the ground.
It rarely rains. It rained a lot this morning. There was a lot of rain last year.
cold
boiling b Test a p artn er. Im agine you were on vacation last week. P oint to a picture.
freezing A Say What was the weather like?
B Answer in the simple past.
It was sunny. / It rained.
O p.16
MultiROM www.oup.com/elt/americanenglishfile/2
Prepositions
1 at / in / on
a C om plete the c h a rt w ith at, in, or on.
PLACE
Countries Buildings, Transportation home, work, the airport, the station,
and cities a store, a museum, a bike, a bus, train, plane, a ship (not car) a bus stop, a party, the door, the end
France, Paris the library, school A surface ^
Rooms Closed spaces the floor, a table, a shelf, CW
the kitchen a park, a garden the balcony, the roof, the wall
TIME
Months Years, Centuries Dates Times
February, June 2008, the 21st century March 1st six oclock, half past two, 7:45
Seasons Times of day Days Times of day
the winter the morning, Tuesday, New Years Day, night, noon, midnight
the afternoon, Valentines Day lunchtime
the evening (not night)
the weekend, weekends, Monday morning
b Look at the c h art for a few m inutes. T h en test a p artn er:

A (book open) say a place o r tim e w ord, e.g., Singapore, Tuesday, etc.
B (book closed) say the p rep o sitio n (at, in, o r on).
Change roles.
O p.19
2 Prepositions of movement M F W S PAPERS
a M atch the p repositions a n d pictures.

under (the railroad)
along (the street)
around (the lake)
through /0ru/ (the tunnel)
NEWSPAPERS,
mto (the store)
across (the street)
over (the bridge)
up (the steps)
past (the factory)
toward /tord/ (the lake)
1 down (the steps)
out of (the store)
b Cover the prepositions. W here did the

dog go? It went down the steps. ..
O p.58
148 Study Link MultiROM vwvw.oup.com/elt/americanenglishfile/2

Verbs V ocabulary B ank
1 Opposite verbs
a M atch the verbs an d pictures.
Opposite
buy (a house) ________
1 win (a game) ________
lend (money to somebody) ________
find (your keys) ________
push (the door) ________
pass (an exam) ________
forget (a name) ________
turn on (the TV) _______
send (an e-mail) ________
miss (a train) ________
arrive (at the station) ________
teach (a language) ________
b Find the opposite verbs below. W rite th em in the O p p o site colum n.
borrow (from somebody) catch fail get / receive

learn leave lose (x2) pull remember sell turn off
c C over th e verbs an d look at the pictures. R em em ber the verbs and th eir opposites. O p.31
2 Confusing verbs
a M atch the verbs a n d pictures.
wear carry
clothes a bag
win earn
a prize a salary
a game money
know meet
somebody somebody for the
something first time
make do
a cake homework, housework,
lunch, dinner the dishes, the laundry,
a noise judo, aerobics, yoga, a job
hope wait
that something for a bus
good will happen
watch look at
TV a photo
look look like
happy your mother
b Cover the w ords and phrases an d look at the pictures.

Test yourself or a p artn er.
Study Link MultiROM www.oup.com/ell/americanenglishfile/2

Clothes
a M atch the w ords and pictures.
Singular clothes
a dress
1 a top
a skirt /sksrt/
a shirt
a belt
a T-shirt
a sweater /'sw star/
a suit /sut/
a coat /k o o t/
a tie /tai/
a scarf
a warm -up suit
a jacket
a hat
a cap
a blouse
Plural clothes
pajamas /ps'djaem sz/
pants
jeans
shorts
shoes /Juz/
L
boots I
tennis shoes / sneakers
socks
tights / pantyhose
b C over the w ords a n d look at the pictures. Test yourself o r a partner.

Verbs used with clothes
a M atch the phrases and pictures.
get dressed
wear (a black hat)
take off (her boots)
try on (a dress)
put on (her coat)
b C over the phrases. W h at is she doing in each picture?

Q p.40
150 Study Link MultiROM www.oup.com/elt/americanenglishfile/2

Animals VOCABULARY BANK
M atch the anim als and the pictures.

insects
bee
butterfly
fly
mosquito
spider
farm animals
bull
chicken
cow /kau/
goat /g o o t/
horse
Pig
sheep
wild animals
bear
camel
crocodile
dolphin
elephant
giraffe
gorilla
kangaroo
lion
mouse (plural mice)
rabbit
shark
snake
tiger
whale 26
birds
duck
eagle
swan /sw an/
b Cover th e w ords an d look at the pictures. Test y o u rself or a p artner.
O p.67
Study Link MultiROM www.oup.com/elt/americanenglishfile/2 151

' g e t
a M atch the phrases and

the pictures.
get + adjective
get divorced
1 get angry
get in shape
get married
get lost
get + comparative
get older
get worse
get better
get = buy / obtain

get a job
get a ticket
get an apartment
get a newspaper
get + preposition (phrasal verbs)

get along (well) with
get on (opposite o ff)
get into (opposite out o f)
get up
get = arrive
get to work
get home
get to school
get = receive
get a paycheck
get a letter
get a present
get an e-mail
b Cover the w ords a n d look

at the pictures. Test yourself
o r a p artn er.
O p.71
Study Link MultiROM www.oup.com/ell/americanenglishfile/2

Phrasal verbs V ocabulary B ank
a M atch the sentences and the pictures.

We often stay up late on the weekend.
The game will be over at about 5:30.
I dont get along with my father.
I want to find out about hotels in Madrid.
I should give up chocolate.
Please put away your clothes.
Dont throw away that letter!
Turn down the music! Its very loud.
Turn up the TV! I cant hear.
1 He looked up the words in a dictionary.
Could you fill out this form?
Please pick up that towel.
C over the sentences an d look at the pictures.

R em em ber the phrasal verbs.
Look at these o th e r phrasal verbs from Files 1-7.

C an you rem em b er w hat they m ean? 10
get up turn on (the TV)
come back turn off (the TV)
go back put on (clothes)
hurry up take off (clothes)
go away try on (clothes)
go out give back (something you borrowed) look for (something you lost)
come in take back (something to a store) look forward to (a vacation)
sit down call back (later) look through (the advertisements)
stand up pay back (money you borrowed)
run away write down (the words)
Green = no object. The verb and the particle (on, up, etc.) are never separated.
I get up at 7:30.
Blue = + object. The verb and the particle (on, up, etc.) are never separated.
Look for your keys. NOT Look your keys for.
Red = + object. The verb and the particle (on, up, etc.) can be separated.
Turn the TV on. OR Turn on the TV.
O p.92
Study Link MultiROM www.oup.com/elt/americanenglishfile/2 153

i Verb forms
A Verbs + infinitive
decide We decided to go to South America.
A help can be used w ith b o th th e infinitive
a n d base form w ith no real difference
forget Dont forget to turn off all the lights. in m eaning.
*help He helped her to start the car. She helped m e to move.
hope We hope to see you again soon. She helped m e move.
learn Im learning to drive.
start can be used w ith b o th the infinitive
need I need to go the bank. I dont have
and verb + -m g w ith no real difference
any money.
in m eaning.
offer He offered to take me to the airport. It started raining.
plan Theyre planning to get married soon. It started to rain.
pretend He pretended to be sick, but he wasnt really. start + verb + -ing is m ore c o m m o n w hen
promise She promised to pay me back. we talk a b o u t a h a b it o r a longer activity.
^remember Remember to bring your dictionaries I started w orking here in 2005.
tomorrow. W hen did you start playing the piano?
*start The children started to cry. try an d rem em ber can also be used w ith
*try Im trying to find a job, but its not easy. th e infinitive an d verb + ing b u t the
want I want to go home. m ean in g is different.
would like Id like to buy a new car. W hy don t you try doing yoga?
(= exp erim en t w ith som ething)
Q p.53 Do you rem em ber m eeting him last year?
(= rem em b er so m eth in g after it h appened)
hate, like, an d love can be used w ith the

B Verbs + - i ng
infinitive and verb -I- -ing w ith n o real
dislike I dislike flying in bad weather. difference in m eaning. The -m g form puts a
enjoy I enjoy reading in bed. little m ore em phasis on the action o f the verb.
feel like I feel like singing. John hates / likes / loves w atching TV.
finish Have you finished getting dressed? John hates / likes / loves to watch TV.
keep on (=continue) He keeps on interrupting me. stop can also be used w ith the infinitive, but
*hate I hate getting up early. the m eaning is different.
*like I like having lunch in the garden. I stopped to get a newspaper on the way
*love I love waking up on a sunny morning. to work.
(dont) mind I dont mind cooking. Its OK. (= stop som ew here in order to do som ething)
practice I practice playing the piano every day.

spend time She spends hours talking on the phone.
*start I started reading this book last week.
*stop Please stop talking.
O p.55
154 Study Link MultiROM vwvw.oup.com/elt/americanenglishfile/2

Verb forms V ocabulary B ank
C Irregular verbs
Base form Simple past Past participle
be was/were been make made made
become became become mean meant /m ent/ meant
begin began begun meet met met
bite bit bitten pay paid paid
break broke broken put put /p o t/ put
bring brought /brot/ brought read read /red/ read /red/
build built /bilt/ built ring rang rung
buy bought /hot/ bought run ran run
can could /kod/ say said /ssd/ said
catch caught /kot/ caught see saw / sd/ seen
come came come sell sold sold
cost cost cost send sent sent
choose chose chosen sing sang sung
cut cut cut shut shut shut
do did done /dAn/ sit sat sat
drink drank drunk sleep slept slept
drive drove driven speak spoke spoken
eat ate eaten spend spent spent
fall fell fallen stand stood /stud/ stood
feel felt felt steal stole stolen
fight fought /fat/ fought swim swam swum
find found found take took /tu k / taken
fit fit fit teach taught taught
fly flew /flu/ flown /floun/ tear tore torn
forget forgot forgotten tell told told
get got gotten think thought /Got/ thought
give gave given throw threw /Gru/ thrown /Groon/
go went gone understand understood understood
grow grew /gru/ grown wake woke woken
have had had wear wore worn
hear heard /hard/ heard win won / waii/ won
hit hit hit write wrote written
keep kept kept
know knew /nu/ known /n o o n /
leave left left
lend lent lent
let let let
lose lost lost
Study Link MultiROM www.oup.com/elt/americanengIishfile/2

Vowel sounds
1 tf: :e /tri /
2 fs h /f J/
3 r Ar/
4 c t /k e t/
5 egg /eg/
6 ch air /tjcr/
7 cl ck /kl k/
8 s /so/
9 h se /hi s/
10 b ot/but/
11 b 11 /b 1/
12 to l ist /'t ist/
13 up h P/
14 c mputer /ksm
15 bir d /b 5: d/
16 1 /at 1/
17 ph ne /fc n/
18 cm /kar/
19 tra in /tr n/
20 b v /boi/
21 bike /b u k /
t(@
fl vowels followed by /r/ %
diphthongs

Sounds and spelling SOUND BANK
usual spelling A but also usual spelling but also

ee feel teeth people machine
A very unusual sound.
ea teach mean key/ niece
Europe furious sure plural
e she we taxi receive
tree tourist
u sunny must come does
i thin lips English women
funny run someone eno sgh
II history kiss busy decide
m lucky cut young touch
if since gym build
up
fish
eer cheers engineer serious Many different spellings,
ere here were usually unstressed.
ear near fear nervous arrive polite agree suggest
computer terrible problem
a hand hat er person verb earn work

& ir dirty shirt world worse
back catch
carry match J S ur nurse turn picture
cat bird er/or painter writer
(unstressed) inventor
e spell lend friendly head
smell send sweater any ou shout around
very red said says m outh blouse
ow crowded down
3wl
air airport stairs their there
fair hair wear bear o* open hope snow throw
where wont so although
n * are square careful
oa coat goal shoulder
ch
phene
o top rock yacht
socks college quality ar far arms heart
vli
i_b
hot box O scarf dark
*()
clock a father
car
al walk talk bought thought
A -iv w w v W aw awful draw abroad August a* face wake break steak
augh caught daughter ai brain fail great eight
saw
<n a ~ f lg i - ,- L
ay away pay they
train gray
or boring worn four
sports airport oi coin noisy
ore more score boiling
ho rse oor door floor oy toy enjoy
bov
oo school choose do suit juice
u* rude use shoe lose i* smile bite buy eyes
ew new knew through y shy why height
boot ich
o might sights
f-- ' ' -------- ^ i bike
u pull push would shou d
u
oo foot book woman
look took
I
Study Link I MultiROM www.oup.com/elt/americanenglishfile/2

Consonant sounds
74
1
1/
1%

X V
voiced
unvoiced
22 arrot /' aerat/ 23 ag / g/ 24 key /ki/ 25 girl /gsrl/

26 lower /' laoar/ 27 ase / eis/ 28 tie /lai/ 29 cog / log/
30 nake /sneik/ 31 ebra /'zibro/ 32 ower /' auar/ 33 televi on /'te la v r n/
34 i umb /Bahi/ 35 mo er /'niA ar/ 36 cl ess / cs/ 37 azz /il3z/
38 eg / eg/ 39 ight / ait/ 40 itch / it f/ 41 yacht / a t/
42 monkey /' iAT)ki/ 43 ose / ouz/ 44 si i er /'sir)ar/ 45 ouse / aos/
158 Study Link I MultiROM www.oup.com/elVamericaneng!ishfi!e/2

Sounds and spelling SOUND BANK
usual spelling A but also usual spelling A but also

p promise possible th thing throw
copy cap healthy tooth
pp opposite appearance math both
parrot thumb
b belt body th weather the
probably job cab sunbathe that
bb rabbit robbed clothing either
bag mother
c camping across school stomach ch chicken child beach question
k skirt kind chemistry mosquito tch catch match
ck neck kick t (-t-ure) picture future
iness

g grow goat guest spaghetti ) jacket just ugenerous teenage:

o
forget begin lune enjoy college
gg foggy bigger dge bridge judge
s;irl jazz
f find afraid safe enough laugh 1 ittle less
ph elephant nephew plan incredible
ff off different 11 will silly
lower leg
v video visit o r really rest written wrong
love invent practice train
over river rr borrow married
ase re were here
t try tell walked dressed w wet twins one once
start late worried win question
tt better sitting wh why which wh;
tie witch
d did dead loved tired y yet year
hard told young yoga
dd address middle before u useful uniform
acht
s stops faster science answer m mountain modern columi
ss miss message psychology remember smell comb
ce/se place house mm summer swimming
c cent city cycle
nake (before e, i, y) monkey
z zoo lazy freezing n need nephew knees knock
s reason lose
n I none any
A
has toes nn funny dinner
L> ebra nose
sh shut shoes sugar sure ng tongue fingers think thank
wash finish machine alongO thingC7
ti patient information bring going
shower (+ vowel) singer
hit hate who whose
An unusual sound. ahead p en ap s whole
Asia decision confusion usually garage hard
televi on house
Study Link I MultiROM www.oup.com/elt/americanenglishfile/2

J - JL JL JL W V JL JL Student Book
Motivating, real-world texts and tasks
English File get students speaking
Practical English lessons with
integrated video focus on everyday
Get everyone talking language
Fun, motivating lessons Illustrated Vocabulary Bank,
Texts and activities use humor, intrigue, and a few Grammar Bank, and Sound Bank
provide extra reference and practice
surprises to spark conversation.
Workbook with MultiROM
Emphasis on communicative competence
A balance of skills, vocabulary, pronunciation, and
grammar gets students speaking with confidence.
J Lesson-by-Iesson reviews include extra
pronunciation and listening practice
Study tips focus students on how to learn
Study integrates multimedia into the core lessons
Icons in the Student Book and Workbook show
I
M
MultiROM (self-study CD-ROM and
audio CD in one) includes grammar,
vocabulary, listening, pronunciation,
learners when to use the MultiROM and and video activities
Website for better results.
Teacher's Book
Full teaching notes and extra suggestions,
plus tips for mixed-ability classes
Reproducible language and
communicative activities for every
lesson, plus a song for every file
Video
Fully integrated in the Student Book to bring
the Practical English lessons to life
Class Audio CD Student Book 2

Complete listening and pronunciation program
for the Student Book activities
Real-world input guaranteed
Test Generator to spark interest
Over 1,000 items that can be edited to create Practical English with
personalized tests integrated video
Ready-to-print quizzes and tests for each file,
Grammar Bank
plus entry, mid-term, and final tests
Illustrated Vocabulary Bank
Website Illustrated Sound Bank
Student website with interactive exercises
with unique sound pictures
and games
www.oup.com/elt/americanenglishfile
Teacher website with extra resources and
reference material
www.oup.com/elt/teacher/americanenglishfile
English Sounds Pronunciation Chart CEF
based on an original idea and design
O X FO R D by Paul Seligson and Carmen Dolz
ISBN 978-0-19-477432-1
UNIVERSITY PRESS oxford
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American English File 2 Student Book

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American

Paul Seligson and Clive Oxenden are the

2 GETTING TO KNOW EACH OTHER

b M Listen and repeat the FR EE T IM E questions. Copy the rhythm.

1 HOME AND FAMILY Where do yo u ? What school / university do you to?

3 FREE TIME 5 THE PAST

4 LISTENING & SPEAKING

3 What time is it?

4 What time does the class start?

3 When was the woman born?

6 What day does he want tickets for?

7 What number is the house?

How do you spell it?

Who knows you better?

1 VOCABULARY family, personality adjectives Who know s you better,

b W hats the mystery word ?

3 GRAMMAR present continuous

Portrait of Dora Maar (1937) Pablo Picasso

2 PRONUNCIATION vowel sounds

Listen and check.

At the Moulin Rouge (1892/5) Henri Marie Raymond de Toulouse-Lautrec

5 SPEAKING b o Communication Describe and draw A p. 108

oo 6 i.9 SO NC J] Ain't got no - 1got life

The Devil's Dictionary

1 READING 2 GRAMMAR defining relative clauses

c Tell a partner about three o f the things

A different kind of dictionary

c Read the text again and answer the questions.

d In pairs, think o f norm al definitions for these words or phrases.

Now m atch the words / phrases in d to these cynical definitions,

___________ is a person who works 4 ___________ is somebody who

b Ll 1 Now listen to the show. Write down the six answers. i 2

c i-U Listen and check your answers.

6 It's the of fat.

7 It's thin, but it means "thin and attractive."

9 It's you feel when you have a lot of things to do.

10 For , you do this with the TV.

c Complete the definitions for these words.

THE STORY SO FAR

YOU HEAR YOU SAY

Good evening, maam . Good evening.

SOCIAL ENGLISH Allie arrives

Study Link I MultiROM

CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THIS TEXT?

b O p.147 Vocabulary Bank Vacations.

In the right place... but at the wrong time!

Tim, 20, student Gabriela, 28, m arketing manager

? Complete the sentences with Tim, Gabriela, or Kelly.

4 PRONUNCIATION -ed endings, irregular verbs Where / go? When?

A Remember! There are three possible pronunciations

% /id/ I have good weather?

1 GRAMMAR past continuous

H taking dramatic and memorable

I took this picture on August 9th, 1974.

When I took this photo, we were in a hotel

c Read the texts again. Cover them and try

d Look at the highlighted verbs in paragraph 1.

: 4 Now listen to M arinette and H enri talking about

4 PRONUNCIATION te/ and h r !

1 VOCABULARY & SPEAKING

_ is a person who works 4 _ is somebody who