Radio News 1939 02 R

TRODUCTION TO TELEVSONSPAGE
FEBRUARY
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VISUAL
EVIATIO
MONITOR
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OWN
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A M A T E U R A M A T E U R
D I V I S I O N D I V I S I O N
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February, 1939 RADIO NEWS
J ei?!eit/grt a Jw,z %e
to show how I train you
at home in spare time
J. E ErvjITH, President
NATIONAL RADIO INSTITUTE
Established 1914
The man who has directed the home study train-
ing of more men for the Radio Industry than Clip the coupon and mail it. I will prove I can
any other man in America.
train you at honte in your spare time to be a
RADIO EXPERT. I will send you my first lesson
FREE. Examine it, read it, see how easy it is to
understand -how practical I make learning Radio
Book Mail Coupon-
Get Sample Lesson and 64 Page
Act Today. Mail the coupon now for sample lesson
at home. Men without Radio or electrical knowl- and 64 -page book. They're free to any fellow over
edge become Radio Experts, earn more money than 18 years old. They point out Radio's spare time
over as a result of my Training. and full tints opportunities and those coming in
'television; tell about my training in Radio and
Get Ready Now for Jobs Like These Television ; show you letters from sett I trained,
telling what they are doing and earning. Find
Radio broadcasting stations employ engineers, op- out what Radio offers YOU MAIL COUPON
!
erators, station managers and pay up to $5,000 a in an envelope, or paste on a postcard -NOW 1
year. Fixing Radio sets in spare tinte pays many 1. E. SMITH, President
Broadcasting Stations $200 to $500 a year-full time jobs wills Radio
Employ managers, engineers, operators, installa- jobbers, manufacturers and dealers as much as $30, Dept. 9BR
tion and maintenance then for fascinating jobs $50, $75 a week. Many Radio Experts open fall or NATIONAL RADIO INSTITUTE
and pay up to $5,900 a year. part time Radio sales and repair businesses. Radio WASHINGTON, D. C.
manufacturers and jobbers employ testers, inspec-
tors,.foremen, engineers, servicemen, and pay up
to $6,000 a year. Automobile, police, aviation, com-
mercial Radio, loud speaker systems are newer
fields offering good opportunities now and for the
future. Television promises to open many good jobs ERE'S
soon. Men I trained have good jobs in these
branches of Radio. Read how they got their jobs.
Mail coupon.
PROOF
Why Many Radio Experts Make S10 Week
in
$30, $50, $75 a Week Spare Time
Repairing Radio Sets
"pare time set repair work pays many $5, $10,
$15 a week extra while learning. Full time serv-
icing pays as much as $30, $50, $75 a week.
Radio is young -yet it's one of our large industries. More
than 25,000,000 homes have one or more Radios. There are
more Radios than telephones. Every- year millions of Radios
get out of date and are replaced. Millions more need new
tubes, repairs. Over $50,O00,000 are spent every year for
Radio repairs alone. (]ver 5,000,000 auto Radios are in
use; more are being sold every day, offering more profit-
making opportunities for Radio experts. And RADIO IS
STIIT, YOUNG, GROWING, expanding into new fields.
' "Sly work has
onsisted
Radio set serv-
icing, with
some Public
Address Systems work
in my spare time. My earn-
ings in Radio amount
about $10 a weck. " -WIL-
-
all
of
to['
The few hundred $30, $50, $75 a week jobs of 20 years LIAM MEYER, 705 Ridge
ago have grown to thousands. Yes, Radio offers opportu- Road, Hobart, Ind.
nities -now and for the future!
Many Make $5, $10, $15 a Week Extra Earnings

in Spare Time While Learning Tripled
by N. R. I.
The clay you enroll, in addition to our regular Course, I Training
start sending Extra Money Job Sheets. show you how to do "I have beeen
Radio repair jobs. Throughout your training I send plans doing nicely,
Loud Speaker Systems and directions that made good spare time mosey -$200 to thankstoN.7t.I.
$500 -for hundreds. while learning. I send you special Training. My present earn-
Building, installing, servicing and operating pub- Radio equipment to conduct experiments, build circuits. ings are about three times
lic address systems is another grossing field for This 50 -50 method of training makes learning at home what they were before I took
men well trained in Radio. easy, fascinating, practical. the Course. I consider N.R. t.
Training the finest in the
world."-BERNARD COS-
TA, 953 Manhattan Ave.,
Lesson on Radio Servicing I Also Give You This Professional Brooklyn, N. Y.
Servicing Instrument
Tips FREE fps
I'll prove my Training gives practical, money-
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od 02 FREE SAMPLE LESSON
sial text. "Radio Receiver
ive' Trouble, Their Cause
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troubles in :1st'., D.C., battery, universal, auto,
T.R.F., superheterodyne, all -wave, and other J. E. SMITH, President
types of sets. A cross reference gives you the
Probable cause and a quick way to locate and
National Radio Institute, Dept. 9BR I
remedy these set troubles. A special section is
devoted to receiver cheek -up, alignment, balanc-
Washington, D. C.
I
ing, neutralizing and testing. You can get this
lesson Free. No obligation. I
Dear Mr. Smith: Without obligation send me free the Sam-
ple Lesson and your 64 -Page Book "Rich Rewards in Radio,"
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eMII= MliMMsMMM MIN It111---I
14X-1
4
WITHIN
Including Articles on POPULAR TELEVISION

The Magazine for the radio amateur
experimenter, serviceman & dealer
VOL. 21 NO. 2
OF THE EDITOR
WE
are firmly convinced that tele-
vision is on the way. We believe
Contents for February, 1939
that the ham should do something in FEATURES
this newest field. To that end we offer Introduction to Modern Television M W. Thompson 6
to publish (at our usual rates) all pic- An easy introductory course in television. First Part of Six.
tures and articles dealing with ama- The Video Reporter
teur television apparatus and ex- W C Dorf 9
The latest doings and happenings on the television front.
periences, provided only that the pic-
ture is interesting and the article suit- Radio Controlled Model Airplane R A Isberg 10
able for publication. Well, fellows, A complete review and instruction on this little known subject.
what say? Are you "going to town" Visual Deviation Monitor Oliver Read, W9ETI 13
on television ? Which amateur will be An unusual unit, for monitoring your frequency by sight.
the first to develop a television trans- Raising Your Transmitter Efficiency Gordon E. Gray, W9CG 15
mitter which will send out "live" pro- Getting the most from the equipment in your rig. First Part of Two.
grams ? We predict his name will go
down in contemporary ham history. Making Your Own Records L. M. Feiler 17
* * * Opening up a new source of revenue for the serviceman.
FOR the thrill of thrills cast over Automatic Frequency Control Measurements . . Edward Lovick, Jr. 19
the short waves for transatlantic Fully explains the servicing problems of the A.F.C. systems.
phone conversations. Almost always Bench Notes Lee Ward 21
they will be "scrambled." But once in How a poor advertisement can hurt the serviceman.
a great while for one reason or an- Build Your Own Television Receiver Holmes Webster 22
other they won't be, and that is when Why not enjoy television now with a home -built receiver?
you hear persons around the world
discussing home affairs with the non - Serviceman's Experiences Lee Sheldon 25
chalance of the old party wire. A mistake in judging a customer's pocketbook may lose a sale.
* * * A 100 -watt Bandswitch Transmitter with A.M.C.
NEXT to that, hearing the pilots re- Edward Caldicott, W2GVX 26
port from their airplanes as they 2nd Prize Winning article of the RADIO NEWS Receiver Contest.
fly the airlanes is a sensation that will Filter Choke Design Louis J. Gamache, W9RGL 29
live in your memory. Generally you For those who want to design or build an occasional choke.
can hear the roar of the motors, and Commercial Ham Transmitter Royal J. Higgins, W9AIO 30
knowing that the pilot is somewheres An explanation of why the commercials design xmtrs as they do.
above the earth, a great distance
away, never fails to provide a "kick" Something New in Receivers Carl Dorf 35
which is hard to beat. Describing the newest addition to the commercial receiver line.
* * * An Amateur's Freq -Meter Irvin L. Glerum 37
NOWNOW is the time to write that newly Uses B. C. Stations to plot the ham's frequency, exactly.
Senator or Congressman
of yours, and find out where he stands
on the ham band situation. Don't take DEPARTMENTS
"No" for an answer either. National QSO Page 33 Sirela 38 Short Wave Flashes ....42
* * *
What's New in Radio .32 QRD? 36 R.N. Seal of Accp't'nce.36
WATCHING the action of the Radio Gadgets 28 Short Wave Time Table.40 Radio Physics Course ..63
Philco Mystery Control, the
thought came to us that here was a Copyright, 1939
`super-super" manner of controlling ZIFF -DAVIS PUBLISHING COMPANY
that new bandswitch transmitter of Member of the Audit Bureau of Circulations
which we have been thinking. Unfor-
tunately, we have only been doing
some thinking -not building -and un- RADIO NEWS is published monthly by the Ziff -Davis Publishing Company at 608 S. Dearborn St., Chicago, III.
William B. Ziff, Publisher; B. G. Davis, Editor; Karl A. Kopetzky, W9OEA, Managing Editor; Oliver Read,
doubtedly before we ever put a solder- W9ETI, Technical Associate; E. Stanton Brown, Associate Editor; Herman R. Bollin, Art Director; John H.
ing iron to wire, someone else will Reardon, Circulation Director; S. L. Cahn, Advertising Manager. New York Office, 381 Fourth Ave. Subscrip-
tion $2.50 per year; single copies, 25 cents; foreign postage $1.00 per year additional, except Canada. Entered
have built up the same idea. as second class matter, March 9, 1938, at the Post Office, Chicago, Illinois, under the Act of March 3, 1879.
* * * Contributors should retain a copy of contributions. All submitted material must contain return postage. Con-
tributions will be handled with reasonable care, but this magazine assumes no responsibility for their safety.
OUR Friday evening get -togethers Accepted material is subject to whatever revisions necessary to meet requirements. Payment will be made at
our current rates upon acceptance and, unless otherwise specified by the contributor, all photographs and
continue to be a marked success. drawings will be considered as constituting a part of the manuscript in making payment.
(More earshot on page 57)
Fe.lei'"uary, 1939 RADIO NEWS J
MEISSNER
12 -TUBE "CUSTOM"
SUPER KIT
NOUTSTANDING radio engineering triumph you can build
yourself-with just a screwdriver, a pair of pliers and a
soldering iron as the only tools!
The MEISSNER 12 -Tube, All -Wave, "Custom" Super covers
from 7.1 to 2270 meters-the Broadcast band, the Police band,
every Short -wave band, and even the Long -wave band! Gives you
real 'round the world reception with high fidelity output that will
NEW! make you beat your chest with pride! That's because it contains
every major engineering feature known to radio!
120 -PAGE A two -stage Ferrocart (Iron Core) I. F. channel with electrically
COMPLETE
variable band expansion provides several degrees of selectivity to
fit all requirements for high selectivity or high fidelity. A push -
INSTRUCTION pull 6L6 output stage with inverse feedback affords 15 watts
BOOK! undistorted output power. Separate controls for bass and treble
provides perfect tone quality to suit even the most fastidious.
Packed with theory and tech-
nical data. Easy -to- understand
Available in two models -push button with 7 station selector
or "Magic Eye" Cathode Ray Tuning indicator
-
graphs, charts, pictorial and See this complete kit at your Parts Jobber now. Or write Dept.
schematic diagrams, alignment N -2 for further information.
data, constructional data and
operating instructions for 20 NOTE: Meissner Kits are available from 1 to 14 tubes
new Meissner receiver kits. Also AC operated, battery operated, etc
information on adapters and
converters. At your Parts Job -
ber-or order direct addressing
Dept. N -2. Price 50c.
6

. 1 .c J. .. Jt
P OJJERN TELEVISI( N
By M. W. THOMPSON
Television Engineer, Chicago, Illinois
Here is your introductory course to tele- YOU gentlemen with more than
the average broadcast listener's
vision written so that all the difficulties interest in radio, who intend
are made understandable and very easy. getting acquainted with Miss Televi-
sion during her "coming out" parties
of the next few months, will find this
fascinating newcomer speaks a'new-
and strange language. Her sense of
time is not that of seconds, minutes
and hours, but is in terms of "H" and
The television "V " -3H, 0.15H, 0.10V and 0.07V-in
eye, or camera which "H" is 1 /13230th -second and
includes an i "V" is 2201/2 H's.
conoscope and For this new miracle of the air
associated am- waves is a matter of timing far finer
plifiers on a than ever was achieved by Rockne's
movable stand. immortal Four Horsemen, the bat of
the Yankee's Babe or a Bobby Jones
iron shot. The successful maneuvers
worked out for the triumph of the
electrons, by coaches Zworykin, Ma-
loff, Farnsworth, DuMont, Preisman.
etc., are timed in micro-seconds, and
consist of "blanking," "pulses," "inter-
lace," "keystoning" and many others.
The long- debated matter of "when
should television be released" was
brought to a head and settled last
June when the RMA Television Com-
mittee voted approval of a set of
Television Transmission Standards
for this country. As the RMA and the
FCC have been in constant touch on
this subject, it seems a certainty that
the recommendations will be accepted
by government authorities.
One thing should be made clear at
this point. The system of television
to which this series will give the
greater space is most certainly not the
only way in which this modern miracle
can be accomplished; it is, however,
the result of many months of work by
the Television Committee of R.M.A.
and represents the standards for trans-
mission and reception that will, ap-
parently, be general practice in this
country.
There is much of merit in the devel-
opments of Marconi, Telefunken, Fern -
seh, Mihaly- Traub, Scophony, Dumont,
Farnsworth and many others. While
it apears that American practice will
be developed around electron optical
scanning systems, based on the cathode
ray tube, equally good results have
been achieved with mechanical optical
systems. Research into the work done
both here and abroad during the past
ten years, brings to light an almost
unbelievable number of combinations
of lenses, apertures, prisms and mir-
rors mounted on drums, spirals and
discs. As this is being written, an-
7
nouncement has been made by Sco-

phony, Ltd. (British) that a $10,000,-
000 American affiliate will be formed
to market receivers utilizing mechan-
ical optical designs.
Allen Dumont has an excellent sys-
tem of television which involves no
sychronizing signals, has 4-to -1 instead
of 2 -to -1 interlace, and utilizes two car-
riers. Over in England they use "nega-
tive" modulation which means that
highest amplitude is white rather than
the sychronizing pulse level in black-
est black, and the sync pulse level is
zero radiated power where our stand-
ards of "positive" modulation result in
white. Should one care to make a care-
ful study of the wor,( of many very
brilliant minds and-- n form his own
opinion of the relative merit of each
one's methods, it will be interesting,
and definitely instructive; the fact will
remain, however, that the electron op-
tical systems are going to dominate
commercial television just as gasoline
motors outnumber diesels, there will
be synchronizing signals transmitted,
441 will be the generally -used line fre-
quency, and sync signals will be above
blackest black.
In this first article, I will present
briefly the many features, new to channel, be a definite distance apart. The newest television. receiver will
Thus they can be tuned -in simultane- be so matie that more than one person
radio men, that are essential to com- will be able to enjoy the broadcasts.
mercially practical television, then in ously, heterodyned by one oscillator,
the second article explain with circuits and each diverted into its own inter-
and charts how they are accomplished, mediate amplifiers. How this works
in both transmission and reception, out is illustrated in Figure 2. For
then, with later articles, bring every- this example, the channel in use at
one up to the point where he can in- the Empire State Building (N.B.C.)
telligently plan and construct his re- 44MC 50MC
ceiver. While few of us will attempt
the construction of a television trans- 6MC
mitter, it is essential to the building, 1-4--4.5OMC APPROX.
.25MC
altering or servicing of a receiver,
that one know all the whys and
wherefores of the complete system, as
it is about to be handed to a more- i The Kinescope which makes the recep-
than- expectant public. tion of television signals possible.
First of all, television broadcasting P CTURE SOUND
is to be done in the ultra high fre- CARRIER CARRIER
quency spectrum, and, to start, seven 45.25 49.75
Figure 2. The modern television receiver is a
channels have been assigned for this
service between 44 and 108 mega- transmitter is chosen -the channel bit more complicated than the BC set.
cycles, and another twelve between from 44 to 50 megacycles (mc.).
156 and 294 megacycles (see Figure 1). It has been found that the wider
This is necessary as it was only in the video sidebands, the better the
this division of the useful frequencies detail and entertainment value, so,
that enough frequencies were availa- rather than transmit both sidebands
(video) and have each be 2.5 mc. deep,
I
Z 13 .0 16i it will be the practice to utilize but
44 56 66 78 96 108 MC one sideband and have it, roughly, 4.0
RES5 b2E6
Fin
rttigiEfiE
in e
Mt E1m m
mc. deep. The other will be sup-
UN NEI
156 180 204 234 258 282 294 MC
pressed. In Figure 2, the video car-
Figure 1. rier is shown as 45.25 mc. and placed
1.25 mc. from the 44 mc. (lower fre-
ble to permit a few channels with the quency) edge of the channel. Its side -
relatively wide sidebands required (a band is about 4.0 mc. deep. The sound
television channel is six megacycles in carrier is at 49.75 mc., placing it 4.5
width). Here also, reflections from the megacycles above the video carrier
"heaviside" layer occur but seldom. and 0.25 mc. from the 50 mc. (higher
Reflections would be disastrous, as the frequency) edge of the band. This 4.5
difference in time between the arrival mc. separation, and the 0.25 mc. plac-
of the ground wave and that of the ing of the sound carrier, are in the
reflected wave would produce images recommended standards.
in offset pairs or "ghosts." If, at the receiver, we tune an oscil-
Each channel is complete in itself, lator to 58 mc., and have it hetero-
that is it will include both the video dyne the 45.25 and 49.75 mc. carriers,
(picture) and the audio (sound) we automatically secure the RMA
transmission, and these will, in every standard sound intermediate fre-
8
current, which is stronger as the pic-

MICROPHONE TRANSMITTING ANT. RECEIVING ANT. ture is darker and weaker as the pic-
ture tends toward white, varies the in-
V-z--,....IMIRROR - tensity of the electron stream in the
CAMERA
ICONOSCOPE Kinescope as the beam scans the inner
a IMAGE SCREEN surface of the glass end of the tube.
Ma. ELECTRON KINESCOPE As this inner wall of the tube is coated
SCANNING
BEAM AUDIO CABLE
with a preparation (may be either a
CO-AXIAL
FOR VIDEO ELECTRON BEAM
CONTROL ROOM I
THE AUDIO &VIDEO TELEVISION LOUD

ARE CONTROLLED XMTR. SPKR. 2
HERE
RECEIVER 3
4
Diagram showing the various stages of the television and audio broadcast. 5
B
make the current discussion more 7
readily understandable. The pickup of B
a scene is, in principle, not difficult to
understand when an illustration is
available. The left wall of the Icono-
LE---- E --- 9
10
scope, as shown in Figure 3, is of ex- VISUALIZATION OF INTERLACING

ceptionally clear, highly-polished glass, Figure 4.
with a lens of the order of f2.8 or f3.5 sulfide or a silicate of zinc) which is
mounted at correct focal distance so highly luminescent, the original scene
the scene to be transmitted is reduced is re- created in approximately 225,000
to proper size on the Signal Plate pin points of light with surprising
The heart of the television transmitter. within the tube. As the electron beam fidelity. The negatively- charged par-
SCENE TO BE
ticles that compose the beam are mov-
quency of 8.25 mc. and the video inter- TRANSMITTED
SIGNAL
PLATE ing with velocities of the order of
mediate frequency of 12.74 mc. 30,000 miles per second.
Whether one tunes to the 44 -50, the Thus, what one will really see is a
50-56 or the 78 -84 mc. channel, the two rapid sequence of pictures as "scanned"
FOCUSING
carriers will tune correctly and hete- LENS by a lightning-fast electron pencil.
rodyne to their proper i.f. passbands. To avoid flicker, it was known that 24
Probably the easiest way to visual- TO XMTR complete pictures (movie standards)
ize the "pickup" and re-creation of ELECTRON or better, would have to be created
SCANNING BEAM
television transmission of a scene is per second on the end of the Kine-
YOLK CONTAINING BEAM
to imagine that you have before you, CONTROLLING MAGNETS scope. The number 30 was chosen, be-
as a photoprint, the scene to be trans- (TRANSMITTING TUBE)
cause, being a multiple of the 60 -cycle
mitted, as it would be at any given ICONOSCOPE supply frequency, hum difficulties could
1/30th- second. You have a current - more readily be avoided. Hum would,
generating pencil, from which a wire CONTROLLED ELECTRON in this case, show itself as a dim pat-
leads to the transmitter -you draw a SCANNING BEAM tern moving across the picture.
straight line across the top edge of the Further to eliminate flicker, it was
picture, and, as you go over a black decided to "scan" the image in a man-
spot the current generated increases, SEE
IMAGE ner known as "interlacing" (see Fig-
while a gray spot produces less cur- LUMINESCENT COATING
HERE ure 4). This means that, instead of
rent, and a white area would result WHICH EMITS LIGHT THAT picking up our lines in regular 1, 2,
in no current flowing. Obviously, us- VARIES WITH BEAM INTENSITY 3, 4, 5 order, we pick them up as 1, 3,
ing a photograph, the current would (REPRODUCTION TUBE)
KINESCOPE 5, etc., until we have 2201/2 lines and
constantly be changing. then jump back and get 2, 4, 6, etc.,
Figure 3.
Now you draw another line as close through another 2201/2 lines -each
to the first as possible, so that a total systematically covers the image on the complete operation taking not more
of 441 lines will cover the picture com- Signal Plate, a constantly -varying than 1 /60th- second. The full set of
pletely. When you have finished, every current is caused to flow to amplifiers 441 lines is known as a "frame" while
point of the picture will have been rep- and the transmitter. each half is a "field."
resented by a current, either strong or At the receiving end, this varying (Scan page 54 next, please)
medium or weak, flowing from your
pencil. In television, a tiny stream EQUALIZING PULSES
(or beam) of electrons is caused to

EQUALIZING PULSES
BOTTOM OF PICTURE
FIELD.A
--+ii VERTICAL
SYNC.POLSE
HORIZONTAL
TOP OF PICTURE
FIEL WES'
travel, just as you did it, over the 3H 7 I
SYNC PLUSES
image picked up by a lens and a com- i41-14.1
M
NONONI
M
plex variety of cathode -ray tube called i

n.11
an Iconoscope. This is called "scan- TIME

PICTURE 1,
BLACK
LEVEL
ning" and it results in a constantly -
varying current, modulated onto a 1,
r-H
MAXIMUM -.. k-H
high frequency carrier, which, when --i
HORIZONTAL
M -4-
received, can be re-created into an BLANKING TOP PICTURE

ELD "C
identical picture by another beam on
FIOF
BOTTOM OF PICTURE M
FIELD-B" ., ION ONO
the end of another type of cathode - 1
ray tube termed a Kinescope. TIME
While cathode -ray tubes, as used in A
!AMPLITUDE
television, will be analyzed and ex- 6 SECOND

LATER
plained in detail in the next article, I
I
4
-41 144-.5H VIDEO SIGNAL
PICTURES 4 VERTICAL BLANKING -15TO22H
present in Figure 3 a simplified sketch A diagrammatic breakdown of a television signal.
ONE LINE
of the Iconoscope and Kinescope, to Figure 5.
9
3h-e-
ltY W. C. DORF
sc; the future will A review of the statements made by

d as the year in many of the leading executives and en-
on made its auspi- gineers emphasized the fact that tele-
cn regular television provision's major problem at this time is
ms to the American public ? The the program; that is, the type of pro-
ever increasing activity in recent gram best suited to television, the art
weeks, with announcements of new of staging the program, and primarily
cathode -ray tubes, complete receivers its financing. As David Sarnoff, Pres-
and kits, new design in television an- ident of RCA, recently pointed out in
tennae, the granting of several impor- an address, "You can't have home re-
tant television patents, new stations, ceivers before you have transmitters
and other inter -related progressive ad- to send them programs. You can't
vancements, strongly point to '39 as have transmitters until you have pro-
the television year. It is increasingly grams to put on those transmitters."
evident that the large broadcasting Will these obstacles and other prob- Erecting NBC's Television Antenna.
chains, receiver manufacturers and lems confronting this field be over-
parts companies are all set to take come, so that the American radio en- teresting talk over station WOR on
their individual places in this new thusiasts can look forward to the early the new Andrea sight and sound re-
radio field of video art. introduction of television on a com- ceivers. He brought out some excel-
mercial basis? "Undoubtedly," says
this writer, but the reader can form his
own good opinion and at the same time
lent points one of which was right
down the serviceman's alley, viz
"One of the most serious problems in
-
keep posted on all the latest television television is the total lack of trained
developments, by re viewing the television servicemen to install and
monthly material gathered here, there service the sets. They are so different
and everywhere on the New York tele- from broadcast receivers that radio
vision front. receiver experience is not adequate.
This makes television an entirely new
Special Demonstration for field." Plenty of work ahead, radio -
the Auto Moguls tricians, and there's a tip to get busy
DURING the recent auto show in and brush up on the mysteries con-
New York City, the various auto nected with this new radio equipment.
manufacturers were given a demon- Mr. Sleeper stated the Andrea sets
stration in the NBC studio in Radio will be released after the first of the
City on the practical application of year, when the New York television
television. NBC's mobile unit tele- transmitters will star t scheduled
cast a parade of the new 1939 cars broadcasting.
in Rockefeller Plaza, which was fol-
lowed by a studio video presentation Compact 16 -Tube Kit
of the latest motor car advancements YOUR reporter dropped into the
in gear shifts, motors, etc. Wholesale Radio Service Co.'s
showroom the other day and saw the
One tip for Schenectady new Garod Television Kit in assembled
HE General Elecric Company is form. This new rig is adapted to the
constructing a new 10 -kw. televi- RMA standards, reproducing images
sion station in the Helderberg Hills, scanned at 441 lines, interlaced, 30
twelve miles from Schenectady, N. Y. frames per second. The kit is inex-
It is to be linked with the studio by a (Scan further on page 50)
1.4 meter ultra short -wave beam in-
stead of a coaxial cable. The station
is to be constructed on top of a 1500
foot hill with the antenna on 100 foot
towers. The new station is to main-
tain its own motion picture depart-
ment and a camera equipped truck
roving the Albany district for spot
telecasting.
New Profits for Servicemen
M B. SLEEPER, well known engi-
neer and radio pioneer (and I
mean pioneer, remember way back, Compare the new "Stubby" with the
Completed NBC Television Antenna. the Sleeper reflex circuit), gave an in- older type of Cathode Ray Teletube.
10
A I : : it
.i ': :: e
By R. A. ISBERG
Engineer, Station KOA
Denver, Colorado
The author gives the first complete,

comprehensive study on the radio
control of model aircraft wit
diagrams on how to build your own.
NDESCRIBABLE thrills are in and model builders were concerned

store for the pilot of a model there were other more interesting
plane whose maneuvers can be things to do and with the exception
directed by radio. Mastery of two of an occasional flicker of activity,
highly specialized sciences is requisite, thoughts of radio control were only
each with its own absorbing problens day dreams.
and the combination presents excep- An announcement of a radio con-
tional opportunities for individual and trolled model airplane competition at
group achievement, something which the Detroit meet in 1937, started the
is rapidly disappearing in the ham first general wave of enthusiasm. Six
game as a result of the general adop- modelers displayed ships and control
tion of manufactured receivers and systems, but only one ship, built by
Control equipment mounted in the transmitters. Chester Lanzo,l flew. His control sys-
model plane ready for the takeoff. A radio amateur need not necessa- tem (for direction only) consisted of
rily take up the building of model a three tube regenerative receiver
airplanes in order to have a part in operating on 80 meters, a homemade
the fun. In fact, that would hardly sensitive relay, and a small 11/2 volt
be advisable, because he would prob- locomotive motor with a gear train to
ably slight the airplane in order to operate the rudder. The controls were
better accommodate the radio equip- demonstrated to be operatable by sig-
ment; likewise, the model builder is nals from an amateur station several
poorly prepared to add radio control hundred miles away. His plane weighed
to his plane. The ideal arrangement, five and three -quarter pounds includ-
(if you are not already a dyed in the ing the one and three -quarters pound
wool ham and aviator combined) is to receiver and control mechanism. A
find someone in your locality who un- one -fifth horsepower gas engine pow -
derstands model aircraft construction ered the ship and 1 understand it was
and then form a partnership. usually hand launched because this
This is not difficult because there was not quite enough power for the
are model clubs in practically every weight of the plane.
town. If you don't know any of the The late Ross Hull developed a sys-
modelers in your community, write to tem' for controlling sail planes during
the National Aeronautics Assn., Wash- the same summer. His receiver con-
ington, D. C. (every owner of a gas sisted of a type 30 self -quenched super -
model is registered) for addresses or regenerative detector, a 1B5 first audio
The control receiver removed from shop around the department stores and a 1F4 second audio stage. An Eby
the plane to show its construction.
until you find a clerk behind a counter sensitive relay in the output circuit
full of model accessories. Another was used to control a solenoid which
advantage of working with someone operated a simple rubber powered es-
All test points a n d switches a r e else-the expenses are shared and if capement permitting selection of right,
mounted externally f o r simplicity. the experiment ends with a disastrous neutral, left and neutral rudder posi-
crackup you will have someone to tions. This scheme is very practical
console-and to console you. because the "pilot" on the ground
Radio direction of models is by no knows exactly what position the rud-
means a new field, it really started der is in and how many impulses are
with radio communication; however, required to turn it to a desired posi-
the bulk of the equipment necessary tion. A system not using an escape-
plus the unreliability of its operation ment, such as a motor driven gear
retarded development and interested box without stops, is likely to bring
only a few advanced amateurs who about a crackup due to poor coordi-
specialized in model boats. The method nation between the pilot and plane.
most used until recent years utilized While the 1938 entries in the Detroit
a spark transmitter (which is illegal) competition were more advanced and
to send impulses to a coherer type re- were probably capable of more satis-
ceiver. Naturally, the range of op- Lanzo. Radio Controlled Gas Model, Air
eration was very limited and the Trails, Vol. 9, No. 4: January, 1935.
2 Hull & Bourne, Radio Control of Model
results uncertain. Aircraft, QST, Vol. 21, No. 10, October,
As far as the majority of amateurs 1937.
11
factory operation than those of 1937, Two views taken of the model in
super- regenerative hiss of the detector actual radio -controlled flight.
none of them could be demonstrated which in turn caused the bias on the
in the actual competition. The win- grid of the second audio tube to
ning ship, Walter Good's, cracked up be substantially reduced, causing a
just after taking off and no other change from .6 to 2 ma. in plate cur-
entries were flown due to the uncer- rent. The idling current of .6 ma. in
tain wind conditions. Good's plane plate circuit magnetized the core of
was equipped with two radio channels, the Eby relay enough to make tension
using two one tube (type 30) receivers adjustments difficult and the addi-
of the type shown in Figure 3. His tional 1.4 ma. plate current (when a
control system operated both rudder pulse of carrier was transmitted) was
tab and elevators by means of Sigma not quite enough to close the contacts
relays and home made electromag- when they were adjusted for minimum
netic escapements.' Second place was effect of motor vibration.
awarded Clinton B. DeSoto on merit. After taking stock of the situation
The plane used in our experiments we decided there must be some other
was designed and built by Robert Van way which would eliminate the relay
Buskirk of Denver who has been and its troubles and at the same time
active in local and national model reduce the weight of the receiver. A
competition. The plane has a twelve tuned reed system was decided upon
foot wing spread and a seven foot because it would permit selective right
fuselage. It is powered by a 1/3 hp. or left direction and would not be in-
Forester gas engine and it weighs fluenced by a frequency other than the
about twelve pounds complete with resonant frequency of the reed. After
all radio equipment, batteries, and considerable effort a reed system
fuel. It has sufficient power to take which would operate on one milliwatt
off and climb steadily provided there was built. It worked very well as long
is not a strong wind. as it was fed a pure tone from a good
Our control has been used for di- audio oscillator, but distortion of the
rection only because we wanted thor- transmitted wave form on the low The co ntr o l end of the flight.
oughly to master turning the ship frequencies (30 -70 cycles which were A 5 meter transmitter was used.
before we tried diving or zooming. It found optimum for transmitting power
is easy enough to washout the experi- to the motor) caused us to abandon
ment if there is only one control to the reed experiment.
manipulate; particularly if the ship Those of you who have worked with
turns across a gusty wind when it is audio amplifiers on low frequencies
only a few feet off the ground. Con- will appreciate that distortion of wave
trol of direction is more valuable and form is more apparent and amplifier
necessary than control of elevation. It efficiency falls off rapidly below 100
is most important to keep the plane cycles unless special design features
within vision and to make it land on and components are used. The added
the field from which it took off; not to complications and increased weight of
mention the fun you can have turning the receiver, let alone the construction
it to the right or left and describing of a high quality modulator and accu-
figure eights in the sky. rate tone generators made it imprac-
Four receivers have been used in tical. However, we learned that reeds The take -off must be made into
our plane. The first was patterned can be operated on low power, and we the wind, before radio can help.
after the receiver Ross Hull described know that, fundamentally, a reed sys-
for use in sail planes. It was found to tem can be made to work. coupled to the 1E5G through a core -
be impractical for powered ships be- Our next receiver, and the first suc- less 5 to 1 audio transformer. A trans-
cause its output was too low to operate cessful one, was an improvement on former is best in this circuit because
the relay satisfactorily when the con- the Hull receiver. It used a 1H4G voltage drop in a plate resistor would
tacts and tension spring were ad- detector, 1E5G second audio, and a 49 be very wasteful with only 45 volts
justed for minimum effect of motor in the last audio stage with a 5000 of "B" battery available. The core
vibration. The receiver operated on ohm Eby relay in the plate circuit. was removed in order to reduce weight
pulses of carrier which would stop the The 1H4G was found to be better than and also because it is unnecessary for
S De Soto, Ham Radio Models, QST, a 30 as a super- regenerative detector amplification of rush frequencies. The
Vol. 22, No. 9, Sept., 1938. and also less microphonic. It was 1E5G amplifies the rush noise and
12
Raytheon Production Corp. had an-
nounced a new type gas filled triode,
RK62, designed to operate on 45 volts
of battery with a large enough car-
rier on and off plate current change
to operate a sensitive relay. The fila-
ment current and voltage is also
lower (rated at 1.4 v. at 50 ma. d.c.),
permitting the receiver to operate
on a single flashlight battery of the
fountain pen type, though it may be
necessary to use two cells and a
series resistance to limit the fila-
ment voltage to about two volts if
the set will not work satisfactorily
any other way. A sensitive relay built
like a meter movement and capable of
operating on only four milliwatts d.c.,
available in field resistances of 50 to
8000 ohms, is an ideal partner for the
one tube receiver. The relay is manu-
Control was by an ordinary ham xmtr. factured by the Sigma Instruments The rear of the ground control rig.
Co., Belmont, Mass., and is available
blocks the grid of the 49 when the only through them. It is furnished to and C in the motor battery circuit.
carrier is off. The plate current of the modelers stripped of mounting base This is how it operates a pulse of :
49 when no carrier signal is being and dust cover and weighs only three carrier is transmitted causing the
received is .2 ma.; when the carrier ounces. plate current of the detector to change
is on the plate current rises to 4.5 ma. For those who wish to control both from 1.7 ma. to .5 ma.; the relay con-
Two- tenths of a milliampere is not elevators and rudder and possibly tacts close and the motor starts. As
enough current to magnetize the relay ailerons and throttle, the new tube the motor turns, disc A turns and lifts
core and the 4.3 ma. change in plate and the light weight relay have the spring rider so that contact is
current is enough to insure reliable opened the way. Such a plane could made with C until the next notch has
operation when the relay tension and be built so that it would not be much been reached when the circuit is again
contacts are adjusted so as not to chat- larger than our ship, but of course broken. This entire operation re-
ter with the motor running. In fact, such a job shouldn't be tackled by a quires less than a second, therefore
the plate current change is still about novice. the starting pulse of radio carrier for
2.5 ma. when the plane is on the Probably the best plan for the new- each operation of the rudder need not
ground two miles from the control comer to the "directed" model field last longer than the time required for
transmitter, thus insuring reliable op- would be to build a ship capable of B to contact C. An ordinary telegraph
eration as long as the ship is still in carrying about one and one -half key or even a push button can be used
sight. pounds of equipment. Such a plane for keying the transmitter provided
Several successful flights were made would be less apt to be buffeted by the operator keeps count of the trans-
until a major crackup resulted from winds and its lower cost makes it missions. This is necessary with single
a small whirl- more desirable. channel control, because the rudder
wind taking A single channel control consisting must pass through left and neutral
charge of of a one tube receiver, relay, motor before it can turn right, and so forth.
things tj us driven gear box, and batteries can be Counting the number of transmis-
after the ship built to weigh about a pound and a sions may be eliminated by building The
had taken off. quarter. The gear box should be a "control stick" keying system. junk
By the time equipped with electrical stops so that "control stick" can be built of
the plane had the motor will stop with the rudder found around most ham shacks. All
WIRE
STOPS been restored in neutral, left, neutral, and right po- that is needed is an old ratchet from
The Control Stick. to normal, sitions. Reference to the figures will a screw driver or curtain roller, a
clarify the following explanation. The piece of ply wood for a panel, a metal
disc A turns on the shaft which moves strip for a handle, and four contacts.
the control arm. The jack spring con- The base board is laid out in quad-
CONTROL ARM
RUBBER BAND jCONTROL CABLE tact B rides on the circumference of rants marked left, neutral, right, and
the disc A. Notches in the disc every neutral. The ratchet bearing is mount-
MOTOR GEARS
CRANK MADE
or DRILL ROD 90 allow the jack spring to break con- ed in the center of the board and the
tact with C. The control relay con- handle is fastened to the shaft. If a
tacts are connected across contacts B (Further flight on page 44)
MOTOR LOAD
Q4FT.ANT. R.C.A E5GI R.C.A.49
.0I M F
LI RLY
BOTTOM ALUMINUM
OF FUSELAGE REINFORCEMENT IO//OMMF
Control Motor Construction. 4111,
4 F ANT. RK62
?,\
2 MEG. n3^-M0
.02MF
N
1.5 V
B I.5 V. DC. 250M 2
MOTOR 11 MEG
LI PIN JACK
A
PST
05MF
3-3MMF
50. OMIDGET
3-30MMF S. P. S.T. PLATE TO P.P. GRIDS XFMR
05MF 1.5 V (CORE REMOVED) O
PIN
BURGESS
- SACKS A- B+ B+
W30FL OR SIGMA A+ 45V.
EVEREADY t
XIBO I I I 2B BOOOfLFIELD RLY S.P.S.T.
B- 22V.
One tube control circuit. Three tube control circuit.
i
Visua.
Dcvia4ei
Moni. ;
By OLIVER READ, W9ETI

Technical Associate, RADIO NEWS
Here at last is a sensitive vis-

ual means of checking your
transmitter frequency, and not
interrupting your best QSO.
The meter will show any deviation from transmitter frequency.
Y the time this is in print, many that the monitor was developed to the cycles the meter gradually rises in the
of the amateurs will have corn- extent that it can now be easily du- indication of the amount of a.c. volt -
- plied fully with the F.C.C. reg- plicated by anyone at an extremely age. From 5000 cycles to 10,000 cycles
ulations requiring an external means low cost. it drops off very rapidly and beyond
of checking their transmitter fre- One of the oldest phenomena known 10,000 cycles it fails, or refuses, to
quency. Some of them will have used to the radio amateur is the effect, register any voltage whatsoever. The
their superheterodyne receivers, and termed "zero beat." This occurs when frequency has passed beyond the scope
others will have external frequency two carriers of identical frequency are of a normal 60 cps. meter. It was
monitors. Also, they will have had a superimposed one on the other. The this additional phenomenon of which
chance to observe the operations of resulting frequency, numerically, will advantage was taken in building the
both of these means of test. Imme- be of zero audio amplitude and if visual frequency monitor.
diately it will become apparent that either of the two frequencies are The action of this visual frequency
there are certain inconveniences asso- changed they will produce a beat note, monitor is as follows Supposing that
:
ciated with using the receiver or the the frequency of which is the differ- the transmitter is operating on a fre-
external frequency monitor as a means ence, numerically, between the two quency of 3800 kcs. The meter was
of checking. In the first place, trans- carriers. warmed up to operating temperature
missions of voice frequencies must be It was this condition of which ad- and set for a frequency of 3800 kcs.
stopped and an accurate check on the vantage was taken and the frequency This resulted in a zero beat signal or
frequency monitor must be made. This monitor was developed so as to have an a.c. (audio) component in the out-
will take anywhere from one or two this beat note become visual rather put of the audio amplifier of zero
minutes up to five or twenty minutes. than aural. volts. Now if the transmitter frequency
During this time the transmitter must To do this an oscillating detector were to shift by one thousand cycles
run and announcements must be made was built with an amplifier, and in the the 3801 kc., frequency of the trans-
every ten minutes giving the call output of the amplifier a simple a.c. mitter and the 3800 kc. oscillating
letters. voltmeter was placed. frequency of the detector would beat
Bearing this in mind, it was de- Since this a.c. voltmeter will read one against the other resulting in a
cided that there must be some simpler any amplitude of alternating current, beat note of 1000 cycles, which, if a
way of determination, after the trans- and since a beat note is of that char- pair of phones were placed in the out-
mitter has been established as being acter, little or no difficulty was experi- put of the monitor, would be distinctly
on the correct frequency, that it did enced in having the meter register the heard as a high pitched whistle. In
not shift or vary from that wave- beat note which was imposed upon it. addition to this, this 1000 cycle note
length. What was required was a Fortunately for the author, the av- has a definite a.c. component and is
visual means of continual monitoring, erage a.c. voltmeter is not linear. By registerable in voltage on the meter.
such that if the frequency varied or this it is meant that the higher the In using this theory in the construc-
shifted even by so much as 50 cycles audio (a.c.) frequency, the less the tion of the visual monitor it was
it will become apparent at once and response of the voltmeter to this fre- found in actual operating that this
transmissions can be stopped until off- quency as long as the voltage is varied was not practical. This was so be-
frequency shift can be rectified. with the a.c. component. The curve cause on zero beat the meter did not
This indicated that a meter type of of the response of the meter rises to register anything, and it took a con-
instrument was to be used. In this a certain frequency per second in siderable "off-frequency" shift to make
way the meter could be directly in eye cycles and then drops off rapidly the meter show an appreciable amount
view at all times and when the fre- again to zero. This may be checked of increase of voltage. Or the monitor
quency shifted, the meter would at very easily by any amateur if he will may be loosely coupled to any one of
once indicate this change. As the work put an audio oscillator across an a.c. the modulated buffer stages; the
developed in the laboratory, the re- voltmeter and see that, rising from higher the frequency the better since
sults were so completely satisfactory zero beat to say about five thousand the transmitter oscillator frequency
14
if one were transmitting on 3800 kcs. the regeneration control. This con-
the visual deviation monitor would be denser controls the amount of feed -
tuned to 7600 kcs. The signal put out back in the detector circuit and is
by the oscillating detector on 7600 kcs. used to adjust the regeneration to a
would not be audible in the receiver maximum indication of the needle on
at 3800 kcs. Nevertheless, the visual the indicating meter after the trim-
deviation monitor would work exactly mer condenser has been properly set.
the same as if it were kept on the A phone jack is provided so that the
fundamental frequency. As a matter signal appearing in the output may be
of fact, it was determined that when monitored. By so doing, the operator
operating on the first, second or even may instantly tell the approximate
third harmonic of the original trans- change in frequency required to change
mitter frequency, the meter became the reading on the output meter and
that much more sharp because of the by becoming familiar with this change
lesser amount of power picked up by he can estimate how many kilocycles
the visual deviation monitor. the transmitter frequency has shifted,
Construction assuming that the detector is operat-
The metal chassis measures 9 "x5" ing day and night or at least long
Rear view shows padders at the side. and is 2" deep. This size is convenient enough to have reached a proper op-
for the amount of parts which are to erating temperature.
be mounted, but any handy size may The wiring of the various parts is
is multiplied by the buffers. In order
be used, if the various parts are not simplicity itself and the only precau-
to check whether the transmitter fre- crowded. It was first intended that a tion needed is to keep the wires short
quency has shifted beyond the range standard full -wave rectifier be used
of the meter, a 'phone jack is inserted and direct.
with a power transformer but after It is important that the temperature
in the output circuit and it can there making tests on the stability of the
be determined aurally that the fre- detector it was felt that a half -wave in the metal box be kept as constant
quency has shifted more than 500 cy- rectifier furnishing a lower plate volt- satisfactory as possible. It would be even more
cles and has shifted beyond the audio age to the tube would greatly add to box with a layer to line the insides of the
range. of Celotex or some
itself, the stability. other form of insulating material. The
Still a third point presented A combination rectifier and output use of heater -type tubes adds to the
which was that the oscillating detector pentode tube is used which receives stability as a change of line
could be picked up in the receiver its filament voltage through a resistor operating does not affect the operating
when in receiving position. This, of cord the same as is used in the a.c.- voltage of the tubes as much as
course, would be most annoying when d.c. receivers. This tube is wired in temperature drop filament voltage on a
tuned to receive a signal. Therefore, series with the combined detector and filament type in would a
tube.
the monitor frequency is detuned to first audio tube. Filtering of the recti- Remember that in order to main-
produce a note of- say -500 cycles, fier output is done with a 2000 ohm tain an even temperature in the moni-
and thereafter this setting and fre-
carbon resistor in place of the usual tor cabinet certain requirements must
quency of the monitor is used as a choke. Meter is 0 -150 v. AC. @ 100 be met. It is not necessary that plate
reference point. ohms per volt resistance. voltage be applied when the monitor is
Thus it can be seen that the visual The controls on the front panel are not in service, but the filaments should
monitor does not give the actual fre-
arranged so that short
quency during operation but rather may be made to the tuned circuits. be
and direct leads left on at all times if the rig is
every day.
shows any deviation whether plus or The upper right -hand knob is the used While the construction of the mon-
minus from the fixed frequency trans- trimmer condenser which sets the fre- itor may be applied to various types
mission. Summing up, then, with the quency of the regenerative detector of relay racks, etc., it is best that it
oscillating detector set at 500 cycles to a point within a few cycles of the be built in compact form so as to have
off the frequency of the transmitter, signal from the transmitter. it as close to the operating position as
any further change by the transmitter incomingThe band -setting condensers mount possible or at least near enough to be
will manifest itself as change in a.c.
the inside of the chassis in order clearly read.
voltage or audio on the output meter, along that they may afford short leads to Adjustment
whether this change be up or down. the selector switch as well as being When the monitor has been finished
In other words, the note will become readily accessible to tune from the and tested it should be allowed to run
500 cycles plus or minus whatever the side when the bands are being set. for an hour or so to reach a fixed
frequency to which the transmitter Directly under the trimmer conden- temperature. The unit operates in
shifts and it is this particular change ser is the special shorting type selec- much the same manner as a regenera-
which is looked for on the meter and tor switch. This switch is furnished tive receiver. The amateur bands are
which indicates that the transmitter with isolantite insulation to further first located by means of a signal gen-
is not operating on its proper fre- aid the over-all efficiency. To the left erator or the signal from the trans -
quency. of the switch control knob is mounted (Check further on page 52, please)
So far the discussion of the visual
monitor has limited itself to c. w. or
unmodulated signals. If the signal
were to be modulated, the additional
a.c. imposed upon the carrier by the
voice would immediately become ap-
parent on the meter and would result
in a violently fluctuating meter rising
and falling with the voice frequencies.
This would make it difficult to read
so it is only necessary that modulation
be momentarily stopped to obtain our
reading; on the exact frequency of the
transmitter. In order to get away 7TURNS6 SPACED TO I'LONG
TAP AT SECOND TURN FROM GND C- -IOMF 300V.
10 LINE CORD
from this it was determined to tune I.5-DIAMETER Mr
the oscillating detector to a
above the frequency at which the
harmonic -
INSULATE
D.P..S.T FROM
110V.AC
PANEL
transmitter is operating. Thus with Circuit diagram of the Visual Monitor.
the problem which was above outlined,
15
The output of your trans-

mitter can be raised if you
will pay some attention to the
efficiency of the stages.
By GORDON E. GRAY, W9CG

Sales Engineer, Ohmite Mfg. Co.
Chicago, Illinois
The set -up used to determine the efficiency of a transmitter.
aisin g Your 7ransmit-. : ;
tfficiency
TRUE dummy antenna is use - of answers to calls, most of the power and filter equipment along with a
ful, of course, in substitution must be getting into the antenna. All PDQ50 to get the necessary drive.
- for the regular antenna to check admitted, however, that the difference Another angle on the possibility of
the transmitter before going on the air. between 60% and 80% efficiency rep- direct savings can probably best be
The utility of such a device by no resented about one third more useful illustrated by a hypothetical case.
means ends here. While its use solely power which they might or might not Suppose a 200 watt transmitter had a
for this purpose was unanimously rec- be getting. If they were not, it was final efficiency of 60% (the broadcast
ommended as early as the spring of costing them something on the elec- station figure). The useful output
1935 (see QST report on the meeting
of the Board of Directors, June 1935)
tric bill on each and every QSO. -
would be 200 X .60 120 watts. Im-
provement in efficiency to 75% would
by the Board of Directors of the ARRL result in a useful output of 200 X .75
as a means of more effective employ- = 150 watts. How much would addi-
ment of amateur frequencies, its tional equipment cost (power supplies,
adaptability as a tool in better trans- larger tubes, larger tuning conden-
mitter adjustment far over -shadows While the Dummy Antenna de- sers, insulators, etc., to say nothing
its limited substitution of the regular scribed herein does not of itself of the steady increased drain on the
antenna. radiate, the transmitter under test may light bill for each hour of operation)
Technically a true dummy antenna do so. All unlicensed persons should
familiarize themselves thoroughly with for a larger transmitter at the 60%
is a compact high wattage resistor figure to obtain this 150 watt output?
of low inductance. It follows, there-
fore, that such a device has long been
the Federal Communications Commis-
sion's Rules and Regulations, so as to
avoid violations thereof with the at-
Simple calculation (150 X .6 -
watts) shows that enough equipment
250
one of the chief instruments missing tendant heavy penalties. The Editors. to make over the transmitter from a
from the long lists of units available 200 watt job to a 250 watt job would
to the amateur, experimenter and be necessary.
manufacturer for use in radio fre- This would undoubtedly include ad-
quency work, particularly in connec- ditional driving equipment and asso-
tion with measurement of radio ciated power supply equipment. There
frequency power on transmitters, effi- The improvement in efficiency of all is little doubt that by brute force and
ciency of receiving antennas, dia- stages of the transmitter would rep- cramming every watt of the allowable
thermy equipment and like r.f. gen- resent a definite saving on the ama- 1000 watt input into the final, we can
erating equipment. teur's pocket -book. More concrete get enough out even under extremely
The writer, in making a check and tangible evidence is likely to be poor efficiencies to work all the DX we
among fellow amateurs some of whom noticed through saving in equipment. want to. There is less doubt that the
had rigs as modern as the state of the How many of us have purchased a cost of equipment and power under
art permitted, found in almost every PDQ150 for the final which the manu- such conditions is far out of propor-
instance that the overall efficiency of facturer assures us can be driven to tion to the results obtained.
the final amplifier as well as the asso- the moon and back by a single PDQ15! A simple and direct means of meas-
ciated radiating equipment was an However, after hours of fussing and uring radio frequency power there-
unknown quantity. Each reckoned that nursing the driver stage, because we fore means to the amateur a simple
in view of the fact that the "plates have not had an accurate means of solution of heretofore tedious adjust-
of the tubes didn't melt the efficiency checking the performance of PDQI5 ments of often unknown value in
must be pretty good-probably be- stage while making the various ad- tuning up the various stages of a
tween 60 and 80 %." They further justments, we finally make an unnec- transmitter, as well as linking the
thought that since they worked fair essary investment in a higher voltage transmitter itself to the antenna.
DX and had a reasonable percentage plate transformer, associated rectifier (Turn the page, please)
16
C probably because the r.f. amme- duced until it is definitely established

ter and dummy are more removed that leads have not become shorted
from the r.f. field of the tank coil.) either in the series circuit or to
Where the impedance match for the ground. The r.f. current in a shorted
maximum transfer of energy occurs turn can be unbelievably high even in
is dependent upon the design of the a low power stage and thermocouples
tank circuit. Since the resistance of can be burned out. After assurance
the dummy is 73 ohms, (if it were a that all is well the normal input can
different value, the theory remains the be applied.
same) it is necessary to find that point By multiplying the current reading
on the tank where the impedance is of the r.f. ammeter obtained in am-
likewise 73 ohms, or whatever resist- peres by itself and then by the imped-
ance value the dummy might have. A ance of the device (I' X Ohms =
true experimenter will start with the Watts), the watts being transformed
proposition that his antenna match into heat is the result. This represents
point on the tank might be wrong, and the output of the stage being meas-
seek the proper match to the dummy ured. The efficiency of the stage is
experimentally. represented by the ratio of the output
The optimum coupling for the maxi- figure just determined to the d.c.
mum transfer of energy is determined watts input to the plate circuit.
experimentally by clipping across ad- For example, suppose an amplifier
ditional tank turns progressively until is drawing 1/10 ampere at 1000 volts.
the r.f. meter reads the greatest Input = (.1) X (1000) = 100 watts.
amount of current flowing at tank Suppose the dummy is 73 ohms and
resonance. For 600 ohm dummies this the r.f. ammeter reads 1.02 amps.
Internal view of the Dummy Antenna.

may amount to several turns.
In the case of a dummy of 73 ohms,
optimum coupling for the best trans-
fer of energy will be found very close
(generally a turn or less) from center
Efficiency = -
Output = (1.02) (1.02) (73) = 76 watts
76
100
X 100% = 76%
After finding out exactly what out-
In connection with an r.f. am- of the coil for each clip in the case put can be obtained from each stage,
meter the vacuum type dummy an- of a balanced tank circuit and a turn all the regular adjustments should be
tenna, becomes this unit which will or less from the r.f. ground end in made in bias, etc. to obtain the maxi-
become fully as indispensable and im- the case of a single ended circuit. mum output as measured by the r.f.
portant an instrument in the ham It should be mentioned here, that ammeter, always referring back to the
shack as the voltmeter, the milliam- the clips, the connecting wires, etc., input and calculating the efficiency
meter, the monitor and oscilloscope can add stray capacity and some in- after each adjustment. After all, if
have proven to be. ductance into the dummy system. the plate input goes up faster than the
The dummy antenna becomes an With reasonable care in setting up output nothing has been gained in ef-
r.f. watt indicator when used in series the test circuit, correction for this ficiency. If the tube is operating in
with an r.f. ammeter, and the fol- should not be necessary for the prac- accordance with manufacturers' rec-
lowing determinations serve as a tical determination of the output of ommendations as to bias, drive, plate
starting point to better transmitter the r.f. stage. For a more accurate volts, filament volts, etc., and the effi-
operation. We have to find out how determination of efficiency, the stray ciency is still low, the next step would
good or how bad our transmitter capacity and inductance of the leads be to look for circuit components
really is. can be balanced out by inserting a which are robbing the dummy of the
(a) Determination of effici- small exterior inductance and variable power it should take. Remember that
ency and output of the condenser in series with the dummy the tube can be operating at maxi-
crystal or oscillator antenna and r.f. ammeter. The val- mum efficiency, as evidenced by nor-
stage. ues of the inductance and condenser mal temperatures and cool plate, and
(b) Determination of effici- should be such that resonance can be actually be delivering to the output
ency and output of in- obtained as is noted by a dip in the or tank circuit most of the power that
grid circuit meter (high voltage of is in turn being delivered to it.
termediate and buffer Leaky insulation, high circulating
stages. plate being off) when tuned to such
(c) Determination of effici- resonance. In this state all stray current losses, and so on, may mean
ency and output of the capacities and inductances are bal- that the load may not get even an
final amplifier. anced out, and the dummy is the only appreciable percentage of this power.
resistance effective in the circuit. Unless warm or hot inductances, by-
A, B and C are in reality the same The stage can now be fired up and pass condensers, etc. make this unde-
problem. They are solved by using tuned to resonance. niably apparent, the engineer may
the dummy load in series with an r.f. CAUTION: The input should be re- (Measure further on page 52)
ammeter (or r.f. milliammeter in the
case of small wattages as in the crys- SINGLE ENDED CIRCUIT
tal stage) and a short length of twist-
ed pair or concentric line with a loop
used to couple the device to the plate
tank of the stage being measured.
If the quality of the twisted pair
and link is in doubt, the combination
can be coupled directly to the plate
tank (Figures la and lb) remember-
L1 ---J
BALANCED TANK CIRCUIT
= DIRECT DUMMY COUPLING
INTERSTAGE COUPLING
BALANCING OUT STRAY
ing, of course, that high voltage d.c. is INDUCTANCE &CAPACITY
present and should be treated accord-
ingly. (The technique of the operator
is a factor and a short coupling means D.A.
may prove to give less trouble in ad-
justment. One foot of concentric feeder
has been found less critical in adjust-
ment than direct coupling (See Figure arious problems solved with the Dummy Antenna.
17
The complete set-up needed to make instantaneous recordings.
ake Your Own RECOI

by L. M. FEILER
S
Sound Engineer, Allied Radio Corp.
Chicago, Illinois
There are many times when the serviceman can make an increased income by
being able to make records. The average serviceman has most of the equip-
ment right in his shop. The author tells how to assemble a home -recorder.
HERE are many times when the phone such as crystal high impedance back head on the record, accurate re-
serviceman will be asked "Can dynamic or high impedance velocity production is had of what has been
- - you make a record ?" Invariably types. The tube lineup consists of one impressed upon the record blank.
the answer will be, "No, I'm sorry." 6C8G double triode, two 25L6G's and So much for the brief discussion of
There is not any reason why this sit- one 25Z5G rectifier. Resistance or the instrument as it is assembled. A
uation should exist in the shop of any transformer coupling may be used be- lot of ingenuity and difference of con-
well equipped serviceman. Especially, tween stages, although some weight struction will, of course, create a lot
if he has an amplifier, a few odds and and space can be saved with the of different types of machines, but a
ends lying around, and if he will pur- former. The output of the amplifier number of axioms should be observed
chase a recorder. is coupled to a DB meter, the use of in making recordings.
Briefly, a recorder is simply a loud which will later be explained, and Never use more audio than is nec-
speaker from which audio signals have through that to a double pole double essary to get a full recording. The
been used making a record instead of throw switch; then to a matching acetate upon which the average re-
giving aural response. The output of transformer which accurately matches cordings are made is only a few
the amplifier is hooked to the record- the impedance of the recording head thousandths of an inch in thickness. If
ing head, which in turn places the to the output of the amplifier. too much audio is impressed on the
audio response on a composition or The output transformer of the av- cutting head, the groove will be too
acetate record. This is not to be con- erage amplifier system has output of deep and sometimes even scratch into
fused, of course, with the commercial 4, 8, 16 and 200 ohms, and the average the aluminum disk beneath the ace-
wax recording outfits, which are far recording head is 500 ohms. Some, tate. This will cause distortion and
too involved for any serviceman to at- however, have impedances of 5 ohms. other undesirable features in the rec-
tempt. In the particular amplifier used there ord and at times even make it unin-
This article will confine itself solely was not a 500 ohm output tap and so telligible. The average groove, if
to a simplified method of recording the matching transformer operating correctly cut, will not exceed two ten
which may be installed by any service- from 5 ohms input to 500 ohms output thousandths of an inch in depth. The
man so as to realize on a market he was used to match the output of the easiest way to judge whether or not
has heretofore been turning away from amplifier system to the recording head. you have too much audio (without
his door. In order to play back the record playing the record back) is to test
In the recorder assembled here, a after it has been made, a second the thickness of the "scrap" which will
Knight 5 Watt High Gain Amplifier, switch is used. This throws the micro- unfurl as the record is cut. This
was used as a speech amplifier. Any phone out of the circuit and throws in scrap should not be thicker than 3
amplifier of approximately that out- the play -back head. The first switch human hairs intertwined. Unfortu-
put may be used. A brief description of which mention was made, is used nately the average serviceman, with
which will serve as a guide follows: to throw in the speaker in place of the his desire to get the maximum record-
Amplifier operates from 110 Volts a.c. recording head. By throwing these ings, will find that his scrap is of the
or d.c. and has two input channels, one switches first in the "up" position, a thickness of a horse's hair, which is
for a phonograph pickup (playback) record is made, and by reversing the far too deep and the recording will be
and the other for a high gain micro- switch position and putting the play- entirely unsatisfactory. For those who
18
are more accurate -minded, the scrap An indispensable addition to the Also, the acetate must be very
should be approximately the same serviceman's recording outfit is a smoothly put on the record and free
size as No. 36 bare copper wire; and cheap microscope such as can be pur- of impurities. These types of records
it is a good point to have a piece of chased by approximately $1.00 in any are slightly more expensive than the
that size wire on hand together with novelty store. Dismount the micro- other types. With the slower speed it
a pair of cheap micrometers to meas- scope from the stand and mount it is extremely important to watch the
ure whether or not there is any great upon the recording head, placing a groove and the depth of the cut since
difference between the scrap and the 6 volt pilot light so that it will throw with the record turning so slowly any
sample wire. Dispose of all scrap its rays directly upon that part of the faults are greatly magnified.
carefully as it is inflammable. record being inspected. Inspection is In closing, it might not be amiss to
In making any record it is necessary made continuously during a recording. state that all business is best run with
to "ride the gain." This is a com- In looking through the microscope the a "fine" front. If the serviceman will
mercial term which has come into depth and width of the groove both take the trouble to fit up a room with
general use and means that the oper- can be observed and the recording Celotex or other sound deadening ma-
ator making the record must sit at head jumping the groove in any over- terial on the walls, rent a piano and
the gain control of the amplifier to load peak can be avoided. set up a professional looking record-
prevent the peaks from overloading The recording machine can also be ing studio, he will find himself hand-
the cutting head. Sometimes this is used without the amplifier to make somely repaid in dividends, not only by
extremely difficult, especially when the records from the "air." This is a profit- customers coming to his store to watch
speech or the song is totally unknown able source of income for servicemen others making recordings, but by
to the operator. But a little practice living in small towns and communi- making recordings themselves. Also,
will enable the serviceman to tell in ties, which support a local broadcast it will establish him in business of
advance when a high peak is about to station. There are any number of recordings as far as the broadcast
be reached; and he will gradually artists both amateur and professional artists are concerned.
lower the gain such that when this who would value a record of their Here is still another legitimate field
peak does come about, the recording broadcast performance. for the serviceman. The market of
head will not be overloaded and a deep The method of procedure is exactly home recorders in so far as making
scratch in the record will be avoided. like making a record from the micro- permanent records of broadcasts at
Probably the easiest way to deter- phone, excepting that the recording home is concerned, has hardly been
mine both the "level" and the amount head transformer is matched to the scratched. There are many persons
of peaks is to have the customer make output transformer of the radio re- who are denying themselves the pleas-
a test record, trying different audio ceiver. It is well to make several tests ure of making records of their fa-
stages and "breaking in" on the record before going ahead with the recording. vorite broadcasts, because they believe
to announce what audio stage is being This can be done by starting in a good that they must purchase a new ex-
used. half hour before the appointed time pensive radio -recorder receiver.
These audio stages are read directly and obtaining a "level" and making a The serviceman should test his own
from the DB meter as plus or minus number of test records. Once the level territory and discover how many there
so many DB. In playing the record has been obtained through the same are who would be interested in this
back, then, that stage which gives the means used before, the record may fascinating field, and then with dem-
finest fidelity should be used for the proceed as if the recording artist were onstrations reap the harvest by selling
entire record. This explains the pur- in the studio or store of the service- them not only the recorders and allied
pose of the DB meter. man. One thing is sure, in recorded equipment, but also the blanks and
Aural monitoring by means of ear radio programs be sure to include the the installations.
phones is resorted to with all records announcement of your customer's By adding a switch for the insertion
and no record should be made without name as made by the station an- of a microphone in the input of the
the operator listening carefully in for nouncer on the record; since without average radio's audio end, and a
hum, peaks, scratches and other im- it will not have nearly the value as matching transformer in the output,
purities of tone which might enter it would have with this little touch. a simple, fairly good recorder can be
into the amplifier system and thereby There are some recorders which use made. All of this means added rev-
be transcribed to the record. Back- 331/3 RPM and some which use 78 RPM enue in sales and service which should
ground noise should be kept low. and there are still others which use not be overlooked.
To make your recordings, proper both speeds. It will be found that the Fortunately for the serviceman
needles, recommended by the manu- average 12" record will "take" a full there is not anything sweeter to the
facturer should be used, and in play- fifteen minute program on the 331/3 ears of any customer than to hear his
ing the record back a similar caution RPM speed. Whereas at the 78 speed own voice come from a record. Cer-
should be observed. If a record is the record will take approximately 7 tainly here is a lucrative field to which
correctly made, it may be played back minutes. The slower speed is very any enterprising salesman may fall
up to 500 times without destroying it, much more difficult to record and a heir if he will but equip himself with
although this applies only to the higher powered motor must be used the bare essentials.
heavier coated records. to turn the turntable. 30
nO
MIKE Q PHONE JACKS MATCHING
I XFMR
AMPLIFIER SYSTEM
(5 WATTS) O<D.B.
D. P D.T. METER
SWITCH
SPEAKER
a--ck.
SWITCHES UP- RECORD' 1;k
D. P D.T.
SWITCHES DOWN - PLAYBACK SWITCH
IJ
PLAYBACK
How to hook up the home- recorder.
19
lI
By EDW AI[D LOVICK,
,s .:'e: :
Jr.
,
e: . . ;s
Falls City, Nebraska
One of the 3rd Prize Winning Articles of the RADIO NEWS Receiver
Contest. The servicing of Automatic Frequency Control is easily
understood after reading this very fine description by Mr. Lovick.
UTOMATIC frequency control, as quencies greater than resonance, in- R and C are filter components. In
applied to modern receivers, is ductive reactance is predominant in actual practice this circuit is not com-
easily serviced when once it is the tuned circuits and Va leads V, by monly used because it has several dis-
understood. As with other special cir- less than 90 . Conversely, for frequen- advantages. The tube acts as a poor
cuits, automatic volume control was cies less than resonance, capacitive re- condenser and hence introduces losses
an example, automatic frequency con- actance is the greater and V. leads V, into the oscillator tank. The amount
trol was sprung upon many service- by more than 90 . Since V. is un- of control varies considerably with
men who were not in a position to changed in phase, the alternations of frequency and is unsymmetrical about
understand it well enough to be able to Va and Vb no longer coincide and the resonance.
meet service problems. rectifier currents become unbalanced A better system involves inductive
because a greater voltage results in control as shown
one side of the secondary than the in Figure 2b. In
other. At higher frequencies than osc
this circuit a
resonance diode 1 will have the greater G pentode is used
current flow and vice versa for lower to control t h e
frequencies. oscillator f re -
In figure lb we see just how the c quency. Screen
control voltage is developed. From A. F.C. grid, suppressor
this illustration it becomes evident ) FIG.2A = and cathode con-
that this control voltage may be either Two circuits de- nections are
Basically each automatic frequency positive or negative and of various am- scribed by author made in the
control system consists of a discrim- plitudes. Electrons move from nega- standard m a n-
inator and an oscillator control cir- tive to positive so that all one must ner. The gain of
cuit. The so-called discriminator is a do to determine the polarity of the the tube is con-
selective rectifier -filter system which voltages E, and E, is to visualize the trolled by means
supplies a d.c. voltage, which varies electron flow. Since these are in of the additional
with the exciting frequency, to the series E2, the control voltage, equals bias supplied by
oscillator control tube. Oscillator fre- E, plus E, added algebraicly. t h e discrimina-
quency control is brought about When suitably filtered, the control tor.
through regulation of the gain (am- voltage is delivered to the control tube A small amount
plification) of the control tube by where the actual frequency control is of the voltage developed across the
means of the voltage supplied by the accomplished. Two methods of utiliz- oscillator tank is fed into the control
discriminator. ing vacuum tubes for frequency con- grid of the pentode (this same grid is
Figure la illustrates a typical dis- trol are shown in Figures 2a and 2b. biased by the control voltage) and am-
criminator circuit. Consider the trans- Figure 2a illustrates a typical type in- plified. This exciting signal voltage
former T to be loosely coupled and volving variation of effective capacity undergoes a 90 phase shift across
tuned to the fre- to change frequency, while Figure 2b condenser C, and hence causes the
quency of the re- depicts the inductance variation type. plate current of the tube to lag its
ceiver. The situa- A triode with a choke in its plate plate voltage by approximately 90 .
tion at resonant circuit reflects capacity into its grid The result is apparent shunt induc-
C frequency is as circuit. Degeneration resulting from tance across the oscillator tank.
follows. the condenser C, increases this effect. Therefore, frequency change is read-
As the voltage The actual amount of reflected "capac- ily accomplished by varying the gain
FIG.IB V, bui1dsup ity" depends upon the gain of the tube of the tube and hence the amplitude
across the pri- and it is this fact which is used to of its output.
mary a current in phase with V, is affect frequency control by varying the Essentially these are the basic prin-
induced into the secondary. Because effective bias on the grid of the tube. ciples underlying automatic frequency
the current lags voltage by 90 elec-
trical degrees in an inductance, the
TO IST IF.
voltage Va induced into the secondary 50M1L, 6K7
by this current is 90 ahead of V, at 8+
6J7 -
resonance. At the same time a cur- 25Mfl
rent through C induces a voltage VI, 500
MMF
25
MMF
in the secondary. Because these volt-
ages induced in the secondary are in IMEG
phase they alternate in step and hence
cause equal currents to flow through
the diodes. (The induced voltages
reach similar values simultaneously.) .05 MF
70011
350A
- 250MIIMEG
I
The total voltage is equal to Va plus R
100Mn 300
VI, and is arbitrarily called V2. B+ MME
Under off resonance conditions either
inductive or capacitive reactance pre- 25MF
MIDWEST MODEL VT -20
250M11
dominates and the phase of the volt-
age Va changes accordingly. At fre- G osc. = sGl'+ FIG.3
20
control. And now that they are under-

stood, let's go looking for trouble. 1100 6J7G TOIF.STAGE 6J7G 6H6
Probably the first thing to be done Gsc.
is to conduct careful tests of the tubes
involved. Unbalanced diode currents
can cause mistuning or even station
rejection so a tester which checks both
diodes is essential. Of course the con-
trol tube must be able to amplify
evenly and well or it should be dis-
carded. A power output or mutual
conductance tester is preferable for
these tests.
An open in the condenser C (Figure
la) will result in negligible response ARVIN 1237 -1247
of the discriminator. The effects of a FIG.4
shorted condenser should be evident. The Arvin 1237-1247 set discussed in the article.
Incorrect use, although not a defect,
is also a responsibility of the service-
man. In order to be able to help his used across the output of the discrim- erodyne system. A second oscillator
customers he must know how to use it inator but is not reliable because it converts the i.f. into another of a dif-
himself. A set using A.F.C. will select draws current and hence does not show ferent frequency. A.F.C. applied to
the station (from two or three on ad- zero voltage accurately. Connect the the second oscillator in the conven-
jacent channels) which has the great- voltmeter from ground to the junc- tional manner results in very smooth
est carrier voltage in the receiver's tion of the output resistors and tune and uniform control.
antenna, hence do not set up push the primary for maximum output. Philco has an interesting setup in
button A.F.C. so that a stronger sta- Then, with the meter across both re- their model 38 -2, illustrated in Figure
tion may over -ride the desired one. If sistors (from cathode to cathode), 5. The discriminator output is bal-
the stations involved have equal car- tune the secondary for minimum out- anced above ground. Two "lines" sup-
riers the set will select the one with put. A vacuum tube voltmeter is by ply bias to the two grids of the 6N7G
the highest percentage of modulation. far the better instrument to use. used as the control tube. A small
Such a set is liable to swing from one Check these adjustments with an out- amount of voltage from the oscillator
to another if their modulation percent- put meter. During these alignment is introduced into both control grids
ages differ enough. Swinging or operations the set should be tuned to simultaneously. The control grids are
shifting from one station to another is the center of the band, 1000 kc. for the effectively in parallel for r.f. and so
sometimes troublesome on short waves broadcast band. the voltages on the grids are in phase.
where fading is quite severe. Situa- Testing the A.F.C. is quite impor- However, the plates are in push pull
tions such as this must be carefully tant and is easily done if this method and hence the output voltages are 180
explained to the customer. is used. Tune in and zero-beat a signal out of phase. Cancellation in the plate
Naturally the question of suitable from a signal generator set to 1000 circuit governs the amplitude of the
test equipment comes up. Several ke., with the A.F.C. off. Then, with output.
types of equipment may be used, de- the A.F.C. on, the output should not As in other inductive control circuits
pending upon the connection used for change. After this test try several the grid voltage undergoes a 90 shift
measurement. stations and listen for a change in across the coupling condenser and
A conventional output meter may quality (which should not occur). Try hence the plate current lags the plate
be used across the output stage. If tuning considerably off resonance. voltage by 90 electrical degrees, again
such an indicator is used the A.F.C. The station should snap in. appearing as inductance. This appar-
can be tuned in this manner. After Commercial versions of the basic ent inductance is then reflected into
aligning the r.f. and i.f. stages in the circuits previously discussed are pre- the oscillator tank circuit. The am-
conventional way, tune the set to zero - sented in Figures 3, 4 and 5. plitude of this shunt inductance is di-
beat with the signal generator which Figure 3, the Midwest model VT -20, rectly proportional to the amount of
should be set at 1000 kc. Detune the is nearly standard except for the sep- cancellation in the plate circuit of the
discriminator secondary winding a bit arate A.F.C. amplifier, a 6K7, which control tube. From the foregoing dis-
and tune the primary for minimum serves to isolate the A.F.C. circuit and cussion it may be seen that only the
output. Then adjust the secondary provide more positive action. Such method of using the discriminator out-
winding for maximum output. If the amplifiers are now quite common. put is different from the ordinary.
output reading does not change when The Arvin 1237 and 1247 circuit, Fig- If after checking through all of the
the A.F.C. is switched off and on the ure 4, is very like the one in Figure 3 discriminator circuits, the set still re-
adjustment is correct. but the whole set is interesting be- fuses to function, it is best to remem-
A high resistance voltmeter may be cause it employs the double superhet- ber that there are many other things
that may not be in order. Do not put
the whole blame on the A.F.C. alone.
OSC FIG.5 Checks should be made as for any
SERIES PHILC038-2 service job to see that there are no
COMP.
250 shorts, or opens. Special attention
--
MMF should be given to the tubes to see
6ABG TOM 11 that they are up to snuff in their
TUNNING emission and characteristics. This is
CONO.
B+ =1
3MR
i
B+
ON-OFF most true of the diodes which have a
A.F.C. habit of burning out in the connection
99M11 end if overloaded for any period of
time. A checked tube is one source of
8511 freedom from worry.
I. Careful study of the schematics of
IIOMMF several receivers should banish com-
.05 MF
99MI1 3MF pletely any doubt one may have con-
OSC COMP.
cerning service and adjustment of
The A. F. C. System of the Philco 38.2, which is explained. A.F.C. systems.
30
B E N C 1H N 2%'.E' 21
by LEE WARD
Service Manager, San Francisco, California
Repairman's Holiday case as frankly as his position would me and my instruments under the
- NE night last week, after a busy permit. Under such conditions, it actual conditions of the work being
stint in the shop, I put the new might be impolite to exhibit his ex- sought. I don't suppose there's much
- tube types, competition, and planations simply to ridicule Smith- harm in a dealer's or serviceman's
automatic tuning mechanisms to the son's specific case. I believe, however, certificate, if used as a customer ex-
back of my mind and sought relaxa- that an impersonal discussion of the hibit on a sales floor, but I would
tion in the comparative tranquility of letter will serve to help both the serv- never show it as a mark of personal
war reports. My favorite evening pa- icing 'gentry and those who, like the merit for fear it would be taken as an
per offers them with the proper polit- store executive, finds himself drafted indication of inexperience.
ical bias, so that the present current into charge of an orphan radio repair The bell.
of events, although excessive, does not department which is necessary wheth-
overheat me. The editor, evidently, is er or not it loses money. Round Two
a very sensible and just person, for his To me, the letter discloses matters "The adjustments our servicemen
opinions are in resonance with mine. of policy which are representative of will make for $1 are as follows: trim-
On this particular night, however, I widespread ills in my profession, and, ming of condensers, cleaning aerial and
did not doze at the end of the long as such, need treatment. Let us con- ground connections, lining up of
sedative journey from the front page sider the following discussion as a speaker, soldering of loose connections,
back to the radio programs; as a two - diagnosis, and try to evolve remedies. testing of tubes-as a matter of fact,
column box caught my eye: Your opinions, of course, are of equal our servicemen will make any adjust-
value to mine. My shirt, simply be- ments within reason which do not in-
cause I am behind a typewriter, is not volve new parts. You say you are
RADIO SERVICE so stuffed that I think one man can familiar with the radio service business,
Phone JUniper 9970 for a li- represent the stata of every type of and therefore I assume you know a
censed radio service engineer to professional in a field as diverse as tremendous proportion of service calls
adjust, inspect, clean your radio, radio servicing. If, after you finish are only this type of adjustment."
check aerial and ground connec- this column, you believe professional
tions, test all tubes. benefit will result from an expression I didn't know that. The calls to my
$1 complete of your opinion, send it in! shop cost me $2.02 before I get to the
Smithson's, Inc. Meanwhile, let's get into the customer, and my net time cost after
rougher language of the abstract con- that is about one dollar an hour. If
flict. May both sides win! a large proportion of my calls required
Smithson's department store is a top the listed work for a dollar, with no
string place of business; two members Round One repair or tube sales, the wolf would be
of my family swear by it, and many Smithson's retreats cautiously: "I wasting his time at my store door, for
of my friends have traded there pleas- quite agree with you that the use of it would be locked.
antly for years. The ad seemed unin- the word `license' was perhaps a little "Trimming of condensers" can only
teresting at first reading because it misleading. Probably `certified' would mean aligning a super; and any serv-
was so stereotyped, but it lead to the have been better, since, as you know, iceman who, at his own responsibility,
thought that I had never come across the leading (manufacturers) do issue a risks ruining a speaker cone simply to
a repairman who called himself an certificate to repairmen whom they con- justify a dollar charge, needs divine
engineer. I had worked with repair- sider qualified; and all of our men have guidance, a large stock of free cones,
men who were engineers by qualifica- these, of course." and a new set of reasons for voice coil
tion, but none of them claimed the positioning.
title just because they repaired broad- BENCH NOTES leads with a china My charge for the job, as listed,
cast receivers. The reference to licens- chin: I am sorry to say I have been would average about eight dollars. A
ing made me curious, too. in the repair business more than fif- larger store than mine might take the
teen years without being certified. I attitude: "Our radio department has
Gall, Divided into Three Parts have never been pasteurized, either. always lost money on 'guarantee'
I wrote to the advertiser, asking: I am known personally to the various calls, but it is necessary to provide
1. Who licenses your service- distributors' staffs in this city because this service, even at a loss, to keep
men ? I do business with them, and if one of our customers. If we go after new
2.What adjustments will they the boys sent me a certificate after all business, and keep our advertised
make for one dollar? these years, I would not post it in my word, is it any business of yours ? The
3. By virtue of what accomplish- shop. I would cut it up with my scout basic test of any technical phrase in
ments are they called "en- knife. advertising is whether or not it con-
gineers" ? If I ever apply for a job which in- veys an erroneous impression."
volves work on one particular make That is a truthful assumption, as far
The answers came in due time, and of set, I shall not expect my employer as advertising is concerned; neverthe-
were in the tone expected from a re- to ask me for proof of my proficiency less, I should not like to rankle in a
liable store. As you read them you in affidavit form; I will either give customer's memory because I had con-
will see that the manager of the fur- him a distributor's 'phone number, or tracted for a cheap job which bene-
niture department (who wrote it) ask him to clock my work on a chassis fitted neither of us, simply to provide
made an honest effort to present his he has deliberately jimmied up to test (More on the fight on page 61)
22
0W L :' : .
:LEVISION RECEIVE
WITH television looming on the superheterodyne receiver and include
horizon an attitude of watch- one r.f. stage, combined oscillator -
ful waiting is being assumed mixer, 3 i.f. stages and diode detector.
by the radio public in general. But This differs in a number of respects
neither the ham nor general radio ex- from conventional broadcast super -
perimenter is the type to sit and wait hets. First of all, every r.f. and i.f.
for someone else to do things for him. circuit must be capable of passing a
Not so many years ago when there tremendously wide band of frequen-
began to be some thought given to the cies which constitutes the video signal.
possible practical value of short waves Even where only a single side -band is
for communication and broadcasting transmitted the receiver circuits are
these men didn't wait for someone called upon to pass a band approxi-
else to point the way. They dug in mately 2500 kilocycles wide or more.
and pioneered development. There is This is accomplished by heavily load-
every chance that they are likewise ing the tuned circuits of both r.f. and
going to play a big part in the evolu- i.f. with resistors as shown at Rl, R6,
tion of television. Even the Radio R10, etc. The r.f. and i.f. tubes are all
Corporation of America recognized of the new ultra -high frequency type
this possibility when over a year ago developed especially for television use.
it made both information and special
television tubes available to experi-
menters, and particularly to hams.
-
These tubes provide high gain at these
frequencies gain comparable with
that obtained at lower frequencies
The public in general can watch and from the 6K7, etc.
wait, and can plunge when satisfied The tuning range is approximately
that television is not only here, but 39 to 63 megacycles, and the interme-
here to stay. But how about the ex- diate frequency 12 megacycles. The
perimenter? Is he going to do this receiver is designed to receive pictures
too, and then become a stereotyped from stations using the R. M. A. stand-
looker in ? Or is he going to dig in ards of 441 lines, 30 pictures per sec-
before that time, find out what makes ond with interlaced scanning. It can
the wheels go round by building his be adapted to other standards by al-
own receiving equipment, and be one teration of the sweep constants.
of those "in on the ground floor" when The first and second video ampli-
the game becomes fully and finally fiers (1852 and 6V6G) function like
established in the spring of 1939? the audio amplifier in a sound super -
There are many experimenters het except that they must be capable
whose minds are made up in favor of of passing a wider frequency range.
the latter course of procedure, just There is also the difference that the
waiting for a ripe time to get going. signal as amplified by these tubes con-
To these a few words of suggestion tains not only the picture modulation,
may be in order to get these more but also the synchronizing impulses
hardy persons started in this field. by means of which the viewing process
In this video set, which is based on at the receiving end is kept in exact
the Garod Model 100, certain refine- step with the scanning operation at the
ments have been avoided-refinements transmitter. There are two groups of
whose complications do not justify impulses, one controlling the horizon-
their advantages. It is believed by the tal sweep and operating at 13,230
designers, for instance, that to build cycles per second, the other the ver-
the sound and video receivers in one tical sweep, at 60 cycles per second.
unit would add complications not war- These three components must be
ranted by the saving in space and a separated at the output of the 6V6G
few tubes that might result. More- so that each can perform its individ-
over, a separate receiver can be more ual function. The image signal is fed
readily used for other ranges such as to the control grid of the 2005 cathode -
the 5- and 10 -meter ham bands, the ray tube where it varies the brilliance
u.h.f., high- fidelity broadcast stations, of the spot of light on the end of this
etc. than can one whose circuits are tube, thus providing just the right de-
intertwined with those of the video gree of light or shadow for each small
Top view of the tele- element of the image as it is built up.
vision receiver as it receiver.
will appear when it's The complete circuit diagram for the [See Introductory Television Course in
completed. It will re- video receiver and power supply is this issue. -Ed.]
ceive fine telecasts shown in the figure. These are two The scanning impulses are of great-
in a radius of about separate units as shown and are inter- er voltage amplitude than the picture
30 to 40 miles fro m connected by means of cable and plug. signal and are separated from the lat-
the transmitter site. The first six tubes constitute the ter by means of the 6H6 diode just to
23
For those living within a short radius of the

transmission of television pictures, this fine
receiver will give entire satisfaction with a
large, clear and distinct image reproduction.
By HOLMES WE BSTER
Engineering Dept.. Wholesale Radio Service Co., Inc.
New York City, N. Y.
the right of the 6V6G video amplifier. line -up beginning with the 1852 r.f.
This diode is biased by means of the stage corresponds exactly with the
potentiometer R36 so that it passes left-to -right arrangement of the tubes
current only voltages above a prede- in the figure. The four sweep oscil-
termined level appear in the output lator tubes are those grouped at the
of the 6V6G. Thus by adjusting this end of the chassis. The cathode -ray
level (by means of R36) to a point tube mounts horizontally above this
somewhat higher than the picture sig- chassis, being supported by its socket
nal output the synchronizing impulses and a large bracket just behind the
are separated from the picture signal variable condenser gang.
and cause current to flow through the Considering the front of the chassis
6H6 corresponding to the synchro- as the end on which the tuning con-
nizing impulses. Then by means of denser is mounted, the controls along
properly proportioned circuits, the the left -hand side, from front to rear
high- frequency and low- frequency are i.f. gain (contrast), vertical (low -
:
synchronizing impulses are separated, freq.) sweep, horizontal (high freq.)

the former being fed to the control sweep, synch. separator bias, vertical
grid of the high- frequency sweep oscil- centering, horizontal centering, focus,
lator and the other component to the cathode -ray tube bias (brilliance).
low- frequency oscillator. As will be seen from the foregoing,
These two oscillators each utilize the construction is straight -forward
two tubes in a multi- vibrator arrange- and is well within the ability of the
ment, the circuit constants of which experimenter who has had an appre-
are adjusted to approximately the de- ciable amount of experience with ra-
sired frequency. Then when the syn- dio construction. The building of this
chronizing frequencies are impressed equipment is not recommended for the
on their grids, they lock in at the novice, or for one whose technical
impressed frequency exactly. Their background is not sufficient to provide
outputs, taken off at the cathode cir- an understanding of the principles
cuits of the 6F8G's are fed to the utilized in television circuits. A tele-
deflection plates of the cathode ray vision receiver necessarily involves a
tube and thus control the horizontal considerable amount of technical com-
and vertical movement of the electron plication but is well within the ability
beam which traces the picture on the of anyone who has a fair understand-
sensitized end of this tube. ing of the principles of operation of
Separation of the synchronizing sig- other modern radio equipment, and
nals after rectification in the 6H6 is who is willing to devote a little study
accomplished through selection of the to the fundamentals of television. A
proper resistance -capacity filter val- more complete discussion of television
ues. C32, having a value of only .00001 theory and practice will be found in
mfd. will not pass the low- frequency (1) two comprehensive volumes enti-
signal but will pass the high- frequency tled Teletision, published by the R C A
impulses to the grid of the high -fre- Institutes Technical Press, 75 Varick
quency oscillator. The low- frequency Street, New York City, and (2) in the
impulses are readily passed by C31 to extremely simple comprehensive tele-
the grid of the low- frequency oscil- vision course appearing in this publi-
lator but the high- frequency impulses cation.
are blocked out of this circuit by the So, for the experimenter who is
high resistance of R34. Thus complete "rarin' to go" it is believed that this
separation is effectively obtained. set provides the means, and will be
The cathode -ray tube employed is productive of real results in actual
one of the 5 -inch type in which the on- the -air operation. In addition the
image has a greenish tint. Tubes job of constructing and adjusting the
which provide a black and white im- finished receiver will provide first -hand
age can be used but have the objection experience which will prove invaluable
that for given anode voltages the for the man who looks on television
images are less brilliant, which is an- as an opportunity to get into an un- While the connections
other way of saying that for equally questionable coming field of business may seem complicated,
brilliant pictures the "green" tube is activity. they are not; and the
less expensive. set is easily assembled
All voltages for the cathode -ray Construction IIinis and Data by following the ex-
tubes are provided by the 879, high - The antenna primary L16 is con- cellent instructions
voltage supply. The 5Z3 supply takes nected to the Dipole (or other type) and routine sug-
gested by the author.
care of all other tubes. antenna through a twisted pair. The Careful construction
Referring to the top view, the tube secondary is tuned to the carrier fre- makes good pictures.
24
quency by the first section of the three stants are used for the horizontal Coils Li, L2, L3, and L16 are wound
gang condenser, and is fed into the (high) and vertical (low) sweep fre- with No. 16 bare wire. A 1/2" diameter
grid of the 1852 R.F. amplifier. The quencies. The saw -tooth waves gen- form is used and removed after wind-
plate circuit feeds through inductor erated in such a multi-vibrator, are, ing. Turns are spaced approximately
L2 as a plate load into the control if no compensating means is used, 1/e ". The number of turns is indicated
grid of the 6K8 converter (through logarithmic in form. Chokes L12 and in the diagram.
the .0001 mfd. coupling condenser). L13 are therefore inserted to correct It is important that the wiring
The oscillator is of the Hartley type, this deficiency and produce a saw - shown in diagram be followed care-
although the elements have been used tooth, substantially linear, so that the fully. As each wire or component is
in a somewhat unconventional man- electron beam is carried across the put in, it should be checked off. The
ner. Note that the oscillator plate tube at a uniform rate. grounds and heaters should be wired
(No. 6 pin) is not used. It was found The synchronized saw -tooth pulses first, then the various B voltages, i.f.
that better stability was obtained with are then fed to the two sets of deflect- transformers; then resistors, mica and
the circuit as shown, than with the ing plates to scan the face of the pic- tubular condensers. All wiring should
conventional arrangement. The con- ture tube by means of the electron be as short and direct as possible.
verter is followed by three I.F. stages beam emitted by the electron gun in Particular care should be taken in
operating at 12 M.C. The 6H6 is used the neck of the tube. This beam is in wiring the video amplifier to avoid
as a diode detector in the usual way. turn modulated (through the control high grid or anode capacities to
The two chokes L8 -L9 together with grid) by the picture impulses obtained ground, since this will result in a loss
the .00003 mfd. condenser serve as a from the output of the 6V6. of high frequencies with consequent
filter to remove the I.F. component Means are provided for centering poor detail. This applies especially to
from the video channel. The 1852 and the picture by varying the fixed posi- leads from the Diode detector to the
6V6 act as 1st and 2nd video amplifiers tive potential on the two sets of de- 1852 and coupling condenser from 1852
respectively for the picture signal. A flecting plates. Other controls focus to 6V6 as well as wiring from L11.
single 11/2 volt cell such as is used for the beam by changing the potential These should be lifted away from the
Pen -Lite flashlights supplies the "C" on the focusing electrode (R59) and chassis 1/4 to 1/2 inch. Do not fasten
bias for the 1852 first video stage. adjust the bias on the cathode ray tube the grid lead from the picture tube to
This cell will last for a considerable (R56) to set the average brightness, the chassis or wrap it around the
period, since no current is drawn. The (contrast). other leads in the cable.
output of the 6H6 is connected to the Assembly and Wiring CAUTION
control grid of the cathode ray tube The assembly of the component Approximately 1400 volts is supplied to the high
voltage Anode. This voltage should be treated
as well as the synch. separator. parts may be seen from the photo- with great respect, since under certain conditions
The sweep circuit oscillators are of graphs and diagrams. All parts should it may be DANGEROUS. Be sure that the power
switch is OFF or better still, remove the line cord
the multi- vibrator type, are very sta- be assembled as shown and checked from the outlet, when making any changes, or
ble in operation, and can be readily against the circuit diagram to prevent touching any parts, other than the control knobs.
controlled by the synch. pulses, which any possibility of error. With a high resistance (1000 ohms
are introduced into the respective Note that the end of the shield on per volt) voltmeter, measure all volt-
grids of the 6L7 tubes. Both sweeps the underside of the chassis is soldered ages, with respect to the chassis. Re-
utilize the same circuit arrangement, to a lug fastened under one of the sults should be approximately as tab-
screws on the gang condenser. ( Synchronize further on page 64)
except of course, that different con-
1852 .0001MF 6K8 12 MC 1852
LIB
TURN
12OMMF
OS ME
1500
1 50M11
120
MMF
OSMF
OSMF
O Tri
&son (=>
LI
5 TURN S
L3
4TURNS
SEE TEXT SMR
TOB
5Mn 1 0 MF
5MR
.05MF SOMA.
05MF
.1 MF 0001MF,
2-6L7Gs 2-6F8GS
IQ ^500MR
_ V V
2005
DUMONT
CR. TUBE ti
I
2M11 2M .1MF 2.5MEG
SSUH 120011 3MA
.O5MF .00085M 50M 2
I6MF 350M11
SOUH
300 H
I-
.05MF 150MR 350MA
-
1I-
SOM11 16
IBMF
.002MF 10011411
5MR SOMA 5M11 SMEG

3 40M 200MR 1000 H
25M11.
3Mn 00MA'25MF ."H
.05MF
R68 11 879
SEE TEXT
SOMR
2000HY C.R.FIL.
25V. . 2.55.
1500V.
-IIBMF
HP.
,00&o, ., IBMF
00440,
06000
115V.AC
$ IISVAG
Circuit diagram of the home -built television receiver.
25
SRAvickman:a pthtco4
by LEE SII ELDON
Chicago, Illinois
Never try to guess the state of a pocketbook by
appearances, -is an important axiom of business.
", \HIS set doesn't seem to have The fellow was enthralled when he The happy pair drove away to-
any of the new improvements," found out how to get classical music gether. The errand boy waited in the
- - the customer protested. "Can't at the right volume. He sat down and store until Al came back with the
you show me something more elabo- listened with his eyes closed and his truck. Al, as expected, was loaded
rate than this midget ?" head thrown back, and passed into a with venom when he returned.
I take care of the store while Al is coma murmuring: "Beautiful, beau- "Listen, conclusion -jumper," he an-
out to dinner, and during that time I tiful." nounced, "the next time you decide to
try to prove my superior salesmanship Al stood by quietly, wasting his throw a sweepstakes winner out of the
by selling as fiercely as I can; but this time. The customer didn't fool me store because you can't sell him the
fellow's clothes indicated he was a any -I knew his common appearance cheapest set in the place, the path of
poor sales target, even for my expert indicated paucity of pocketbook, and your life will be made to fly out at a
markmanship. I steered him toward that it was foolish to spend time with tangent to our little business circle!"
the door, hoping to get rid of him be- a ditch -digger on an aesthetic spree.
fore my partner got back, so I could "Turn it off!" he shouted suddenly.
"I thought-" I began.
"Every time you think, it costs us
be alone in my defeat. "I can't stand it any longer!" Al shut money. I don't expect you to sell
But Al came in, leaned against the it off, and the derelict continued: everyone who calls, but you can keep
tube shelves, and watched me per- "Ever since radio started, I've wanted quiet while they sell themselves!"
form. I knew his tactics: he hovers tone quality like that. How much is "You must admit he looked like a
over my sales until they die, and then it poor prospect," I insisted. "That sale,
lights into the carcass with both "Two hundred dollars," Al replied, in a radio repair shop, is an isolated
claws. The old buzzard lives on situa- "with all the trimmings." case, and never happened before."
tions like these. "How soon can you deliver it ?" "Never try to guess about tone
"What do you expect for $18.75 ?" "Soon as we finish the paper work," quality, human nature, or state of
I demanded of the customer. "This is Al said. "There are certain formali- pocketbook," Al replied. "And what do
our most popular midget. Look -it ties-" you know of precedents ?"
even has tone control!" "I understand," the erstwhile in- "Our first one crossed the Delaware
"The set I'm throwing away has digent said, pulling two crisp pieces in a rowboat," I said, just to show I
tone control," the economic peasant of Federal lettuce from a banded didn't take his advice seriously.
replied. "Haven't you got one of packet. "Will these finish the paper If you can't judge by appearances,
those deluxe models with three- dimen- work ?" what can you judge by? I hadn't
sional volume distension, like I see ad- "Practically eliminates it," Al said, been in the radio business all these
vertised ?" seeing they were hundreds, and acting years without learning how to size up
"Sure," I admitted, "there on the as if cash sales were our usual way the persons I met, and my keen, ana-
other side of the room. But the price of doing business. "Give me your lytical mind had more than once been
is 'way up-take you two years to pay name and address, and I'll have the an asset to Salutary Sales cf Service,
for it. Why not buy a smaller one handy -man deliver it at once. Oh, whether Al admitted it or not. Al-
for cash ?" He understood what I Lee!" though there wasn't any repair work
meant -that I didn't wish to take a I started for the front of the store, to pick up, I took the truck out just
chance on his payments over a long but stopped when I heard the cus- to get away.
term contract. tomer say: "Let me help you -Idon't I stopped the car in front of Nick's,
He walked to the biggest console, think your errand boy appreciates a preparatory to clearing my mind with
ran his dirty hand over the celluloid good musical instrument." (More Experiences on page 59)
visor, and said: "It looks fine, and it
must sound lovely. Mind if I listen to
it
On the way to the back of the store,
I snapped the switch on for him, and
warned him not to play it too loud,
because I had work to do. He turned
up the volume control, mistaking it
for the tuning dial, and when the
tubes heated, the music came up like
dawn on the road to Mandalay. I ran
out to yell that the windows were
shaking, but Al got there first, throt-
tled it down, and said pleasantly:
"These new models are complicated,
aren't they ?"
"I'm terribly sorry about that
noise," the customer said meekly.
"Does it harm a set to turn it up so
high ?"
"Of course not," Al chuckled.
"Here-I'll show you how the thing
works. The gadgets are worth while
after you learn to operate them." The well-appointed work bench of North Star Radio Service, St. Joseph, Mo.
26
.
00 I J / _ S. T: . )01
are to be covered, it is necessary only
to change one or two coils, as these
are all plug -in types. The input ca-
pacity of the 807 is larger than that
of the triode doublers, so that if one
of the self-tuned coils is carefully res-
onated when connected to the 807, it
will need a small additional capacity
across it when switched to the doubler
grid. So each triode grid has a small
variable condenser connected from
grid to cathode. Each coil is adjusted,
by spacing the turns to exact reso-
nance for the middle of the band,
while coupled to the 807, then after
switching it to a doubler grid, the
small capacity is used to tune it again
to resonance.
The plate coil of the 807 must be
carefully isolated from the grid circuit
to prevent parasitic or self -oscillation.
So it is mounted in a shielded can,
plugging in above the chassis. It is
tuned by a 100 mmfd. variable con-
denser, and by keeping stray capaci-
ties low, permits tuning two bands
Front view of the 100 -watt transmitter which won 2nd Prize. with one coil, one near maximum, and
one near minimum capacity. For two
WITH apologies to the author, ECO operation. The Pierce type os- adjacent bands, this coil need not be
may I ask, "Breathes there a cillator has a crystal current so low as changed. The 807 doubles very well,
ham who never to himself to be almost unobservable with any so that four bands may be covered, in-
hath said, this is my own, my ideal type of flashlight bulb in series with stead of three, without changing coils
transmitter "! Probably every one of the crystal. It has no tuned circuit, in the exciter section, and with only
us has said that while working on pa- so that there will be no chance for a two coils for the 807.
per plans, but how many can say that critical crystal to be shifted by an in- The final stage may use any of the
of a finished rig ? I do not think it is correctly tuned oscillator. The oscil- small triodes now being offered by
humanly possible to do so, but the one lator will take crystals for 1.75, 3.5 or Taylor, RCA, and Raytheon. I am us-
to be described comes closer to this 7 mc., and even some 14 mc. rocks will ing T20s, but the 809 would also do
ideal than any other I have built, or work in it. very well, especially if the input is de-
seen in other shacks. The 6C6 following acts as a buffer - sired up around 150 watts. The grid
This transmitter was built to fit doubler for crystal, or as the oscillator coils, link coupled from the 807, are
certain specific requirements, such as : when working on ECO. The circuit all in the same type shield cans as the
a power input of 100 watts or slightly for this change without additional 807 plate coils. Small air variable
more; Phone -CW change -over rapidly; switches is of my own development, condensers, mounted inside the shield
inter -band QSY rapidly; intra -band and works excellently, so long as the cans, tune these coils to the middle of
QSY easily without too many coils to ECO cathode tank is not tuned to the the band. (On 28 mc., the condenser
change; crystal or ECO control with crystal frequency when using crystal is adjusted from the top of the can,
high stability. It was to be used for control. In my case the crystals are so as to permit full excitation over a
a period of three months a year as a all either 3.5 or 7 mc., and the plate wider range of frequency) and the 807
portable in Maine, and as an exciter coil of the 6C6 is tuned to 7 mc. No is loaded to about 60 ma. plate cur-
for a kilowatt final the rest of the difference is noted when changing rent, for excitation to the final.
time, or as a regular station rig when from one crystal to another, the 6C6 The crystals may be changed from
high power is not desired. Eminently doubling as well as it amplifies. one end of the band to the other with
successful in filling every require- Next in line is a double- triode, pro- no retuning being necessary, except as
ment, it has been giving reliable op- viding two doubler stages, to 14 and noted above on 28 mc. The plate coils
eration at all times. 28 mc. It will be noted that so far for the final are self- supporting for 7
The whole rig is built on three relay no tuning condensers are used. These
rack panels and chassis. coils are all resonated with only the
R.F. Chassis stray capacities of tubes and wiring,
The circuit diagram of this unit may and cover a complete band with prac-
seem rather complicated for only a tically no detuning, except on 28 mc.,
100 watt unit, but this very complex-
where only the range from 28.0 to 29.0
is covered with essentially constant
ity produces simplicity in the final op- output. Somewhat more can be cov-
eration by supplying abundant excita- ered with a slight drop in excitation
tion without requiring great care in to the final.
tuning and adjusting to get the last
fraction of a watt from each stage. By means of a three position, three
The crystal oscillator is a 6C5 tube, point switch, the output of any of
and is seen in the lower view, tucked these three stages is applied to the
away in a corner below decks. An 807 driver tube. Up to this point, for
eleven point switch is used to select any three adjacent bands, no coils are Under chassis view shows how care-
up to ten crystals, and also to shift to changed. If more than three bands fully the various parts are placed.
27
A'
This is the Second Prize winning ar-
ticle of the RADIO NEWS Receiver
Contest. It features a fine band-
switching arrangement and the new
automatic modulation control is in-
cluded. Something for every amateur.
By EDWARD CALDICOTT, W2GVX

New York City
Top chassis view showing the t.ansformer arrangement.
mc. and higher frequencies, mounted incorporated, for it insures no appre- be left out, without any change in the
on the base made for the National ciable over -modulation. audio circuit, and then at some future
Buffer Coil assembly. The link coil is This is of particular benefit when date you may put it in very easily and
thus made easily variable by bending someone not familiar with the rig is quickly.
it into or out of the center of the tank using it, for you need only open up Some form of fixed bias is almost
coil, producing a more flexible ar- the gain, and let the AMC circuit take essential to satisfactory operation,
rangement than if the coil form were care of the volume for you. If you permitting keying in any stage, and
used. do not want this feature, it can just (Please QSY to page 56)
The plug -in base for the coils is held
up above the chassis by brackets made
from brass strips, bent to shape and
drilled, so as to mount in the same
holes used for the condenser frame
mounting screws.
When changing frequency over a
range of not over 3 parts in 100 (such
as from 14.0 to 14.4 mc.) only the final
plate tuning needs adjusting. This is
very handy in a DX contest, as well as
for general operating. Two bands are
covered by changing only grid and
plate coils for the final. Three or four
bands are covered by the additional
change of the 807 plate coil, only 10
different coils being required for four
bands, and this includes operation on
56 mc., with almost the same perform-
ance as on lower frequencies. A 50 or G
60 watt carrier, crystal controlled, on

"5," goes a long way.
Audio and Bias Chassis

The circuit for this unit shows the
top placement of parts. This is the 01 sor ro H
chassis which carries the full audio

equipment, the low level audio power
supply, and the bias supply for the r.f.
unit. Most of this is straightforward,
standard material, requiring no spe-
cial comment. The speech is designed
for the popular crystal type micro-
(
=
phone.
The one special feature of the audio
is the inclusion of the AMC circuit,
automatically to reduce the audio
gain when the final modulation per-
centage reaches about 90 per cent or
so. No phone can be considered "up
to the minute" without this feature Circuit diagram of the entire transmitter.
28
TECHNICAL BOOK
& BULLETIN REVIEW
THE RADIO MANUAL, new third edi-
tion, has just been released by D. Van
Nostrand Co., Inc. This very complete
and up -to -date technical book has been
rewritten to include the very latest
developments in a fast moving field.
Keeping Battery Terminals CIean Many of the communication systems Operators who are preparing for any
Make a solution of Sodium Bicar- leave the receivers in constant opera- grade of license will find chapters on
bonate (ordinary baking soda) with tion, including the plate as well as all branches. Written by Geo. E. Ster-
water, and pour this solution on the the filament supply. It is a decided ling, an outstanding authority on ra-
battery where the corroded part is, advantage to be able to come home dio, this book should be a valuable ad-
and let it stand for a full three min- with the intention of "looking over dition to any library.
utes or longer, and then pour clear the band" as the Ham would say, and
water to rinse it off. A tablespoon- find the receiver ready and willing to RCA Institutes Technical press has
ful of soda in a cup full of water remain as originally calibrated at the published a book in two volumes on
should clean the battery. If the first factory. The life of a vacuum tube RADIO FACSIMILE, written from mate-
application does not clean the bat- operated under the above conditions rial supplied by the engineers of the
tery very well apply it a second time. is increased as the heating and cool- RCA laboratories. The student inter-
The user might find that by using a ing effect is reduced when a constant ested in entering the television field
little more soda in the same amount temperature is maintained. will find much of interest within its
of water he might get quicker re- pages. Contains 353 pages, chapters
sults. CARE SHOULD BE TAKEN Tinning the Soldering Iron on different methods of scanning, etc.,
NOT TO LET ANY OF THIS SOLU- Many servicemen do not know how are covered very completely.
TION GET IN THE BATTERY HE to tin an iron with rosin -core solder
IS CLEANING. By frequently re- after the iron has become hot and STANDARDS ON ELECTRO ACOUSTICS
peating this process it will keep bat- has been in use. If the iron is too has been published by The Institute of
teries clean and neat in appearance. hot to take hold, the cord should be Radio Engineers. It contains chapters
removed for a minute or so to reduce on definitions of terms, symbols, meth-
Stand -by for Telephones this heat. As the iron cools off it ods of testing loudspeakers, etc.
Here's a handy telephone stand -by will reach a temperature where
switch for the amateur or radio serv- solder will readily take hold, provid- Two new catalogs are now being dis-
iceman who receives unexpected calls ing, of course, the tip of the iron is tributed by the Tobe Deutschmann
while a receiver is going full blast. clean. Filing of the tip will improve Corp. of Canton, Mass. The latest in
A jack switch from the junk pile is matters in any case. Filterettes for noise suppression are
re- arranged as shown, so that when shown on one, and the other contains
the telephone receiver is removed their line of capacitors. Copies may
Reaming with Tools Made of Soft
TO RCVR Steel be obtained from the manufacturer.
Much trouble can be caused by us-
METAL
STRIPS
ing handles of pliers, etc., as a THE RADIO AMATEURS HANDBOOK, sev-
reamer when enlarging holes in chas- enth edition, is now available from the
sis and panels. The friction may American Radio Relay League at
BAKELITE magnetize the tool and then when it Hartford, Conn. The new volume con-
BAKELITE is further used near small parts will tains 560 pages, with over 300,000
pick these up and cause no end of words. Written for the beginner and
CONTACTS
grief. Heating the afflicted tool over old- timer, this book is a complete
the gas burner will usually restore source of technical knowledge for the
the tool to good condition. amateur.
Concerning Doublet Antennae Radio, Limited, of 7460 Beverly

Many an experimenter and service- Blvd., Los Angeles, announce the lat-
HOOK ON PHONE
man has installed the most expensive est RADIO HANDBOOK, 5th edition. This
type of commercial doublet in an ef- book has been enlarged and revised
from its cradle, the contacts will open fort to reduce the noise level, and to and contains many new pages on ama-
and break the circuit to the receiver increase the signal input. Sometimes teur equipment and theory. The con-
B- or B supply. they have even made up elaborately structional articles have been brought
This same idea may be employed in double spaced double -doublets only to up -to -date and many new transmitters
reverse, with the jack contacts closed find that after they were hooked up to and receivers are shown.
when the phone receiver is off the cra- the set, that they did not work as well
dle. By connecting the leads across as a single wire. Wholesale Radio Service Co., Inc.,
the speaker voice coil, the audio will The fault lies not with the doublet, 100 Sixth Ave., New York City, have
be shorted. but with the match between the an- a new catalogue on radio and cameras
tenna and the set. with special gift section. Many new
Reducing Drift in Receivers The first thing is to determine what electrical appliances are listed and il-
When constructing a communica- the input -to-the -receiver impedance is. lustrated. A postcard addressed to
tion receiver it is desirable that the Next a doublet must be used that will this company or any one of its
filament transformer have a large match that input. We know of at branches will bring a copy of this cata-
safety factor to prevent excessive least one receiver that has an impe- log free.
heat within the cabinet. By going a dance of only 200 ohms. It is wholly
bit farther, it is good practice to al- useless to match a 600 ohm doublet to THE RESEARCH WORKER, published by
low the tube filaments or heaters to it, since there will not be the maxi- Aerovox Products, continues to print
remain turned on at all times which mum transfer of energy. very fine material on various radio
will then maintain a fairly constant Always match the doublet to the set, subjects. This leaflet is published
temperature around the various and make the doublet so that it will monthly and may be had at the rate
parts in the set and a great reduction match. Formulae are available in of 50 cents per year in the U. S. A. or
in frequency drift will be the result. most handbooks. 30 60 cents per year in Canada. - 3-
29
Many a serviceman, experimenter, or

amateur has wanted to wind a special
choke at some time. The author tells
how to design and build up your own.
By LOUIS J. G Ali AI'IIE, W9IIGL

Development Engineer, Standard Transformer Corp.
Chicago. Illinois
Three stages in the building of' a choke.
signing a Filter Choli J

-
' VERYONE has heard of chokes
and has probably seen a large
-A variety of various sizes. The
Chokes may be built in a form of
the open coil type of construction on
wasteless E cg I laminations or in the
The number of turns per layer of wire
allowing .187 inches on each end for
insulation for 3,000 volts, and using
operation of the choke is not generally pot of a speaker field. In detailing the the winding factor of 87 per cent with
understod by all those who have seen choke design, it is best to take a spe- enameled wire, it is found that each
them. It may be likened to the action cial case as an example. Then the layer will have 103 turns. The wind-
of dirty water through filter paper. steps needed to complete the design ing factor is determined by dividing
The particles of dirt will be held back will become at once clear and ap- the winding into the space available.
and the water will continue to flow. parent. These steps may be followed The reason that 100 % of the space is
The filter offers resistance to the flow either in building a coil or checking a not available is that allowance on each
of water which compares to the d.c. manufactured one. wire turn must be made for the enamel.
resistance of a choke, and it holds back The hypothetical current required The selection of the proper thick-
the particles of dirt by offering a much for this example was calculated to be ness of layer of Kraft paper insulation
greater resistance to these particles 200 milliamperes. By allowing 1,000 is next in line, and for number 27 wire
than it did to the water, because of circular mils per ampere, it is found .003 will be used. A table gives this.
the size of pores in the filter paper. that number 27 wire with 201.50 cir- Knowing the above, the build must
It is safe to state that chokes offer cular mils will be satisfactory. (Note: be determined on paper. This is done
very high resistance to alternating To determine the circular mils area by measuring the window space, which
current and a much lower resistance of any bare wire, measure the diam- was found to be .75" and allowing for
to direct current. The resistance of- eter in mils, a mil being .001 inch. a calculated total build of 85 per cent
fered to the alternating current is This value squared is the circular mils of this space. The reason that 87
called impedance. This is converted area of the wire.) For number 27 wire winding per cent was used is to allow
into the term "henry." the diameter is 14.2.mils at 20 Centi- for bulges in the coil and overlapping
L -Xr, grade. Any wire table may be con- of the insulation, etc. The net space
sulted for wire diameter and circular available is .637 inches. From this is
21*F mils derived therefrom; or a chart subtracted the thickness of the wind-
where X.
L = henrys of the choke
2 - reading directly in circular mils may
be used., The wire size must be such
ing tube (.05 ") and the thickness of
the final standard wrapper, .020 ". The
R = resistance, d.c.
F = frequency of a.c. component
that the circular mils of the wire ex-
ceeds the number of milliamperes to
net winding space is then .637 .07,
or .567 inches. Each layer will be the
-
Z = impedance of choke to a.c. go through the wire. wire diameter, .0151 ", plus the thick-
Thus the "henry" formula in terms of Knowing the wire, size, the next ness of insulation .003 ", or a total of
resistance, frequency and impedance step is to select the proper iron size. .018" for each layer. This divided into
is With this example, a core 11Ll" square .567 is 31 plus. Therefore, the coil will
-
:
Z2 R2 will be used. The iron size in waste- have 31 layers of 103 turns, or 3,200
L= less lamination is determined by the
.
turns. The length of the average turn
2irF width of the center leg of the E piece. is found to be 9 inches; since the short-
The value of a choke depends en- This multiplied by 3 will give the over- est turn is 6" and the longest 12 ".
tirely on its impedance (henrys) to the all length of the iron. The center leg Therefore, the coil has 2,400' (9" X
circuit to be filtered. Of fundamental multiplied by 2.5 will give the width 3,2001 of number 27 wire.
necessity, also, are the current carry- of the E piece plus the I piece. Consulting the wire chart, it is
ing capacity of the wire, and the fre- On Standard iron, the window width found that number 27 wire has 51.47
quency of the a.c. component to be fil- is one -half of the iron size, or on 112" ohms per thousand feet at 20 Centi-
tered. These three points, then, are iron it is 3/4" wide. The length of the grade, making the resistance of this
the outstanding considerations in coil is 11/2 times the iron size, or 2.25 ". coil (.2 amperes at 3,200 turns) 127
choke design. From this, it may be seen that the ohms. The ampere turns in this coil
window area is 34" x 210 ", or 1.69 is 640 (200 mils X 3,200 turns). With
square inches on each side of the cen- ampere turns of 640, and with a mag-
E' PIECE ter leg. It is now necessary to calcu- (Build further on page 58)
W
u
late the build of this coil.
W

First, the thickness of the side of the
insulating tube, made of Kraft paper Paper Insulation Table
used to isolate the winding from the Wire Sire! Paper Thickness Type Paper
case, is completed, and from practice
it is found that .050" is satisfactory. 14 -18 . .007" Kraft
IAMINATIO AS STAMPED
LAMINATION AS USED 19-24 .005" Kraft
' FIENNEt, Radio Entineerinp Handbook, 25 -30 .003" Kraft
Wasteless laminations. 2nd Ed. Page 10: copper wire tables. C'irc. 31 -41 .002" Glassine
31, Bur. of Standards.
30
n n
Transmitter By ROYAL J. HIGGINS, W9AIO
Engineer, The Hallicrafters, Inc.
Chicago, Illinois
A cleverly designed 325 -watt

transmitter featuring band -
switch and reasonable cost.
sive. Still, to tube when working straight through

have the output on the crystal frequency.
power agreed Seldom should it be necessary to
upon as satisfy- band switch more than 3 bands.
ing the high Rather than limit this high powered
power desired transmitter for operation on only
one of two three bands, however, the coils of the
courses must be excitation stages are plug -in. The
followed: use one flexibility of such an arrangement is
high voltage tube immediately apparent. One might be
or two or more interested only in 10, 20, and 40 meters
low voltage, high for most of the communications work,
current tubes. but imagine how concerned in the in-
Considering effi- vestment one would be if one wanted
ciency and co -or- to work on 80 or 160 meters at odd
dinating it with times and your transmitter was wired
the price of both only for 10, 20 and 40. Coils for the
the tubes and three bands used most are left in the
power supply the transmitter and output from these
high voltage tube shielded coil combinations, seen at the
wins out. So the right of the top view of the transmit-
3000 volt RK63 ter, is available at the flip of the band
The entire bandswitching mechanism is housed on top. Raytheon tube switch. When a seldom used band is
for the f in al desired, one of the coil boxes is re-
VERY amateur will agree that stage is chosen. This high mu tube moved and the new band coil box sub-
1 325 watts of carrier power on requires only 17 watts of driving
- J fone and 450 watts on c.w. rep-
resents a signal capable of really going
power amply provided by the parallel
RK39 tubes which act as drivers.
stituted. Briefly, coils boxes for all
bands can be kept on hand and those
for the 3 most used bands plugged into
places. While stating the power out- Doing a little juggling of conveni- the transmitter and left there until
put, in the design of a transmitter, ence, cost and efficiency, "plug -in" is the need arrives for operation on a
before first considering the oscillator, the answer for the final plate coil. Only seldom used band. The shielded coil
doubler and the other stages before in the driver stages, where efficiency boxes represent a very foolproof way
the final amplifier, might appear to be can be overlooked at no expense of of conveniently connecting the proper
putting the cart before the horse, prac- driving power, inasmuch as the paral- coil and condenser combinations into
tically it's the most straight forward lel RK39's initially provide more the band switch circuit. The only
way to plan a transmitter and what power than is necessary, the conven- other operation necessary when going
goes into it. ience of band switching dictates its from one band to another is plugging
It must be appreciated that if the inclusion in this transmitter. in the final plate coil for the band on
output power of our transmitter were So many old timers, failing to real- which operation is desired.
doubled the effective signal strength ize the advantages to be gained with The RK63 is rated at 3,000 volts at
at the point of reception would go up the latest screen grid tubes, doubt that 230 milliamperes but, inasmuch as its
only about 3 DB, -1 S unit or so -and a 6L6 doubling could drive the parallel output is going to be modulated, 2,000
when the cost for that slight increase RK39's to full output. Actually the volts will allow the desired carrier
in signal strength is considered, one 39's require considerably less excita- power to be obtained and still keep the
has to ask, is it really worthwhile ? tion than the amount delivered by the cost of the high voltage power supply
Power goes hand and hand with a loud 6L6 doubler. Tests show a marked within reason. All transformers in the
signal but some middle path has to be decrease in output from these tubes transmitter under consideration are
chosen or one's desires will run away if more than a/4 watt of grid drive are
with his pocketbook. Amateurs know fed to them. Kenyon and are conservatively de-
that 300 watts of fone carrier power A 6F6 very reliably performs the signed for their particular job. The
is a really healthy signal and with 400 function of crystal oscillator. And, 2,000 volt power supply, with 866 tubes
watts on c.w. they wouldn't have to when the transmitter is being worked as rectifiers, is capable of providing
take the back seat from any signal on the crystal frequency rather than a plate power for the push pull class
on the air. harmonic, the 6F6 has sufficient output "B" RK38's and also power for the
Large tubes cost money and power to drive the RK39's direct. The band RK63 final r.f. amplifier. The regula-
supplies to run them are also expen- switch is so wired to jump the 6L6 tion of this power supply is excellent
31
and allows it to properly perform this
dual function. When operating the
transmitter 'on c.w. the slight increase
in plate voltage on the RK63, due to
the modulator being inoperative, is de-
sirable for increased c.w. output.
The RK38 modulators are driven by
push pull class "A" 2A3's. A little ma-
neuver in economy at no expense in
performance disclosed the possibility
of working the 2A3 plates at ground
potential which would allow the same
power supply to deliver bias for the
final r.f. stage as well as the modu-
lator tubes. A separate 5Z3 rectifier
takes care of the exciter stages, so the
number of power supplies are kept at
a minimum consistent with satisfac-
tory performance of the equipment
supplied by them.
If you have ever been backed
against the wall by a high voltage
shock you'll agree that some protec-
tive measures should be used to re-
mind you of the danger of high volt-
age. It has been a frequent cause of
wonder that each year more amateurs
are not killed through carelessness.
Two thousand volts can be lethal, so
the designed transmitter, when the
cover of the r.f. unit is removed to
change the final plate coil, an inter-
lock switch is operated which opens
the primary of the high voltage power
supply. Because of the pains taken
to enclose everything but the plate
connections to the RK39 tubes, and
the fact that tuning adjustments of
the exciter stages are made with the
top cover removed, plate voltage to
the low power tubes remains con-
nected.
Additional protective steps are
taken by interlocking the protective
perforated back on the transmitter.
When the back is removed the high
voltage circuit is dead and will remain Rear view of the 325 -watt transmitter.
that way until the back is replaced,
which automatically closes the plate
interlock switch.
The transmitter is now ready to be
placed in operation and the preampli-
fier, usually set on the operating table
next to the receiver, is so arranged to
control the unit from the operating
position. After the filaments are
lighted by closing the switches on the
front panel, and the transmitter is
resonated to the frequency desired, the
whole transmitter can be turned on
and off with the standby switch
mounted on the front of the pream-
plifier. On this unit is also provided
a jack into which the key is plugged
for c.w. operation.
The tube lineup in the preamplifier
is a 6J7, 6J5 in cascade, which in turn
drives push pull 6J5's. A crystal mi-
crophone is connected inside the metal
housing around the 6J7, and gain is
controlled in the input circuit of the
first 6J5. R.f. feedback is eliminated
by an ounce of prevention, worth a
pound of patience, in first shielding
and carefully filtering the high gain
amplifier .circuit. The output of the IISVAC
push pull 6J5's is transformer coupled

(Please QSY to page 53) Circuit diagram of the transmitter.
32
desired capacity. Insulation is Isolantite.
Wh4
Mounting may be accomplished by using
the regular Trim -aire brackets, or from
the mounting posts.' Temperature co-
efficient of capitance is approximately 50
parts per million Per degree C.
The Kato Engineering Co., Mankato,
Allen B. Dumont Labs., Inc., 2 Main of volume control, these new rotary units Minn., are making a complete line of gaso-
Ave., Passaic, N. J., are now offering a will find many applications. Switches are line- driven generators with ratings of from
compact television receiver which is little available in S.P.S.T., D.P.S.T., S.P.D.T. 300- 10,000 watts. These plants are very
more in size than a table model broadcast and S.P. with hushing terminal. Rated at compact and are well suited to he used in
receiver. The use of a 14 inch tube makes 1 a., 250 v., 3 a., 125 v., and 10 a., 12 v.
Overall dia., 1 3/32".
.
RCA Mfg. Co. of Camden, N. J., intro-
duces a low cost portable sound system.
Two speakers and velocity type microphone
are supplied with this twelve -watt ampli-
fier. The speakers are of the permanent
mobile, sound trucks, farm and emergency

installations. The unit illustrated furnishes
110 volt, 60 cycle current with a capacity of
2000 watts. The overall dimensions are 28"
long by 18" wide, and 23" high. Available
in remote self -starting types.
magnet type which simplify the power re-
quirements. The two parts of the carrying A new "Gain In-
it possible for a large group of people to case are used as baffles for the dynamics. dicator" is now off-
witness the program. The black and white The case measures 21h" high, 11" deep, ered to the radio
image measures a full 8x10 inches. The set and 163/4" wide. The total weight is only serviceman, engi-
includes a total of 21 tubes and the large 43 pounds, ready to carry. neer for the meas-
cathode ray tube. urement of power
A new A -B eliminator that changes 110 - amplifiers. The
National Union Radio Corp., Newark, volt raw a.c. to pure d.c. is announced by gain of the ampli-
N. J., announces the addition of a 9 -inch Electro Products Laboratories, 549 W. fier can be meas-
Videotron television picture tube to its Randolph St., Chicago, Ill. This new elim- ured in decibels.
present lines of television tube types. The inator is suitable for use with 1% and 2- Fidelity curves can
new Videotron has been assigned the num- be made on ampli-
ber 2109. Complete characteristics are fiers with speed and
available upon request to the company. accuracy. Model 44
illustrated has an input and output impe-
dance of 500 ohms. Maximum gain that
A new 25 watt P.A. System, offering new may be measured is 110 db.
convenience in installation for portable
sound systems, has been introduced by the John Meck Instruments, 164 N. May St.,
Radolek Company of Chicago. It affords Chicago, have made available to the trade
high fidelity 130 db. gain amplifier with a new "Bridgemaster" instrument. This unit
dual microphone input and phonograph in- tests different types of condensers, re-
put mixing and fading facilities, record sistors and inductances. The tester is de-
player, microphone demountable floor stand signed so that speed is attained in making
and speaker all housed in a single carrying the various measurements, and switching
case. simplified.
The Pauley -James The Worner Products Co. of Chicago,
Corporation, 4619 Ill., have perfected an extremely sensitive
Ravenswood Ave., volt farm or battery- operated receivers and photo- electric relay burglar -alarm device.
Chicago, Ill., manufac- the power supply is sufficient for any size Models are available for operation on both
turers of various types set, be it 3 -tube or 11 -tube. The makers de- 110 v. 60 cycle or from self- contained bat-
of vibrators, announce clare the unit to be hum -less in operation. tery supply. The alarms operate up to 300
a new type of con- feet from the light source. Infra -red light
struction which offers The Allen D. Cardwell Co. have released filter prevents an intruder from being able
many improvements. types EU -25- 100-AF and EU -50- 100 -AF to detect it even in the dark. An external
Band -spread condensers to the trade. alarm may be installed on the outside of
Employing a push -pull These compact condensers will find many the building in addition to the unit within
coil circuit, this full uses in frequency meters, etc. The high - the room.
line is now in produc- capacity tank section may he locked in any
tion. New replacement Coaxial cable in kit form is being manu-
charts are now avail- factured by The Transducer Corp., 30
Rockefeller Plaza, N. Y. C. It contains a
able and free copies supply of Anhygron B separator beads,
may be had by writ- conductor wire, an outside shielded braid
ing to the corporation. and a complete set of explanatory dia-
grams. This type of cable is rapidly find-
An inexpensive power switch may now ing favor in the amateur field for use as
be obtained from the Clarostat Mfg. Co., link coupling, for antenna feeders and as
Inc.,,285 -7 North Sixth St., Brooklyn, N. Y. a low -loss conductor for use with high fre-
Similar in appearance to the midget type quency work. 30
33
THE NATIONAL QSO PAGE

u M STRINGING THE
'T
%
IS an
IIAM
unfortunate commentary on our
on what to him must be a small matter
amateur radio. France has her internal tur-
-
contravene their statements nor their demands
present times that the average amateur moil and it must be stated that she, although
is very little interested in his hobby be- terming herself the "cradle of Liberty," will
yond actually calling "CQ" on the air and not do anything in favor of the amateur. The
making an occasional contact. His interest situation in Germany, Russia, Italy, Greece,
has not extended beyond his immediate shack Turkey and the other totalitarian states is, of
and he knows very little of what is going on indication that they might be, then the ama- course, well known.
outside nor does he seem to care. teur in 1942, even in these United States, " Naturally, there is not any guarantee that
We had hoped by showing the amateur the must be brought to such a turn as practically in 1942 the present conditions will obtain,
situation as it exists and wherein the Directors to be legislated out of existence. Although but there is certainly every indication that
of the ARRL had been remiss in giving him this has been repeatedly said and stated in they will not be any better.
ACTION, that by this time there would have The National QSO Page, the reaction has Meanwhile, in our own western hemi-
been a concerted movement on the part of been very, very sluggish. There are always a sphere there is a certain amount of unrest
these amateurs to get that action. We are few who listen and there are a few who will between the South and North American conti-
sorry to report that the movement has been do something, but the majority has been con- nents. Argentina, for one, is thoroughly
very slow in starting, and in fact has been so spicuous in its indifference to the entire affair. steeped in the dictatorial idealisms of both
slow as to be almost infinitesimal. Perhaps Germany and Italy and it is hard to con-
we are wrong. Perhaps the amateurs are well What Would T.O.M. Do? ceive that if this situation continues in Ar-
satisfied with the situation and are satisfied to We feel confident that if The Old Man gentina, that she will back our demands for
view 1942 with a complete placid calm and (Hiram Percy Maxim) were alive today he more, or even as many, frequencies as the
indifference as to what the Rome Convention would not view this situation so stogily. He ham has today.
will bring. would not take matters so easily, nor would All these things seem to point only one
Considering that the hobby of Amateur he shrug his shoulders and say, "Let George way and that way is that the ham will be
Radio is probably the freest in the United Do It." He would certainly take it upon legislated out of existence, or at best will be
States and considering further that our gov- himself to go to Washington. He would find put to such frequencies where his operations
ernment has shown itself most appreciative of out what the F.C.C. plans to do. He would in the ham bands will be above 30,000 kcs.
the work of the amateur and thereby has per- find out what the Senate plans to do; and he Although we have pointed this out regularly,
petuated him this far, it would seem that would find out what the Representatives plan the hams themselves have remained absolutely
with the impending threat directed against to do. If necessary, he would interview the aloof of the entire situation and refuse to be-
his status in 1942, that in the last six months President of these United States to determine lieve or have refused to do anything about
some voice would have been heard in the for himself, and then report to the members it.
wilderness requesting and urging that some- just exactly what the Executive attitude to-
thing be done at Washington other than ward the amateur was. He would not be sat- Now Is the Time to Act!
what has been done in the past. Obviously, isfied with a blank white-washed statement Certainly, as long as the ARRL is the of-
if the "patient" in the past has continued to that the amateurs had survived this far and ficial spokesman for the American Ham (and
lose ground because of a certain treatment, that they would survive in the future. Nor it is so considered), it should certainly begin
it is useless to continue this treatment in the would he be pleased to listen to a glorification to do something and begin to make plans
future with the hopes of curing him. of what the amateur had stood for in the past for 1942. These plans can take effect by es-
in the hopes that that by itself would per- tablishing a lobbyist in Washington. State-
League Makes No Membership .
petuate the amateur in the future. He would ments and representations should be made,
Inquiry want concrete assurances insofar as they could not only to the Senate and Representatives,
As presently constituted, the League makes be given, that the hobby of amateur radio but also to the President, and the F.C.C. Un-
little or no inquiry into the qualifications of would be perpetuated forever among the less a protracted plan of continual favorable
its members and there is not any reason at amateurs of the United States. publicity and propaganda is carried out from
all why anybody regardless of what he may now until 1942 so there is small hope that
know or care about amateur radio cannot be- Iow Will Rome Delegates be the delegates then will have the general pub-
come a member of the League. This condi- Instructed? lic opinion behind them in demanding more
tion has emasculated that august body and We have watched with considerable inter- or at least as much for the amateurs as they
brought it to the state of affairs where it est the reaction of the Official Group at head- presently enjoy.
seems more interested in the membership fee quarters of the ARRL to these statements. Nor is this all. A protracted series of con-
than in the qualifications of the persons who Their only reaction was when at one time ferences with the emissaries of the foreign
compose its membership. What must be the they took issue with us on the statement con- nations should be held. There is no reason
natural result of such a practice? The League cerning the delegates to the Rome convention, why at this time we cannot determine the at-
is composed of approximately 26,000 persons, stating that such delegates could not be in- titude of Japan, or Norway or Sweden or any
some of whom are licensed amateurs and structed to act in favor of the United States other country toward the amateur so that we
some of whom are not. Some of these mem- amateurs. Partly, this could not be so, since will be better guided in figuring out what
bers are actively interested in furthering the all delegates by any country are thoroughly we will ask for in 1942 and how we will
amateur status and others have no further instructed as to what the legislative body of go about getting it. If we know in advance
care other than to read the magazine pub- that country will or will not approve. Re- what the foreign nations think of the ama-
lished by the ARRL and to continue to shout cently the Mexican Senate refused to ratify teur and if we can get them to commit them-
their QSO's over the air. that portion of the Havana Treaty which selves, then we are that much better prepared
It is the latter type which, in spite of the dealt with the broadcasters. This type of with what we have to do in order to counter-
former type, endangers the status of all. The refusal can be extended; and probably will act this influence. One thing is certain, that
situation is extremely grave and it is made the be extended to amateur situation in 1942. is that the "handwriting is definitely on the
more serious by the absolute lackadaisy of the Already Great Britain has served notice upon wall." There is not any doubt in our mind
membership toward its ultimate destiny. If us that we need not expect any assistance or in the minds of a great many serious think-
the powers of the dictators abroad, -if the from her with regard to the international ing amateurs that the American ham is "on
current trends stifling not only the free press amateur's status and certainly Mr. Neville the way out." He is in this position solely
but also the free expression of ideas by ama- Chamberlain's policy of Appeasement of the because of his own lethargy and his aloofness
teurs should be followed, and there is every Dictators seems to indicate that he will not and his absolute belief in the quotation that
34
"George will do it, "as well as his indifference mercials will ever be able to do it. Not only W9TLO, W9VUY, W9RYL, W9ZDC, W8GQQ,
to what his Director does at Headquarters. would the development of television have W8SHA, W2GUX, W2JBY, W2KTJ, W2GTG,
been laid, for the most part, at the feet of the W6NTX, W1BIC, W2BUX, W6DDS, W9CNO,
It seems a horrible waste of space and a W9TPW, W9TKD, W2JJC, W1JFG, W9ITA,
greater waste of time to continue to tell these ham, but he would have received training that and W3CXE.
later could have been turned into a source of Best 73
amateurs exactly what the situation is, if they revenue to himself.
will not lift their hands even one mite to (Sgd) John H. Harvey, W9ISR
Picking up video signals in the city and for The Vigilantes'
help themselves. relaying it through several other hams into 2617 W. Huron St.,
the outlying districts would have sold John Chicago, Ill.
Think It Over. Then Act! Q. Public that the radio amateur had a use
We urge all amateurs who read this to after all -even when there were not any floods e Thank you, W9ISR, for your report.
We will be interested in knowing just
think the matter over carefully. Whether you or major catastrophes. A grateful public what The Vigilantes are doing and what
agree or not, we think that you should de- would have done much towards moulding the the results of the poll will show. We corn -
mand ACTION from the Directors, who in opinion of the Senators and Congressmen to mend you on your organizing for AC-
backing the ham. TION. The Editors.
turn should demand the same from the ARRL. That is the opportunity that we have
Unless there is a concerted movement by all thrown away. But it is not too late. Steps Dear Sirs:
of the 50,000 amateurs in the United States, I am a ham as my letterhead will signify but
should be taken at once to remedy the situa- not of USA. I am member of both RN and
there is not a single chance of a snow ball tion, and the League as the spokesman of ARRL. Well I have been following with great
in the well known "nether regions" of our the ham should enter into negotiations with interest RN's fight for a better ARRL and
coming out of the 1942 conference with any- the F.C.C. to see whether the chance cannot excuse nie had been content to watch as I was
be revived. And it is up to the membership sure that something will be done. But I guess
thing but a few measly ultra high frequency I have something to say.
channels left to us. to see to it that it does this. The Editors. You have said "Save the bands for US" and
I guess that the "us" includes the hams of the
whole world. And it is with this spirit I ans
MUFFING AN CORRESPONDENCE writing. We haven't and it is not possible either
OPPORTUNITY for us to have a powerful body as the ARRL.
Of course we are members of BERU too but as
It is well known that one of the strong- Dear Editors: I sensed the trouble to the bands long ago I
est points in favor of the continued existence I am pleased to report that The Vigilantes are thought that if anything could help keep the
of the American Radio Amateur is that he gaining ground fast. Members are coming into bands for us ARRL must be one. So help it in
the folds of our organization at the rate of about
had a great deal to do with the development 10 a week. We plan on keeping up with our
the only way possible "Be a member." The
of the present day radio. Not necessarily the membership of ARRL is not limited to USA
work until we shall be sure that 1942 will not and as it admits members outside USA I guess
radio of the technicians, but the broadcasting spell out a final "30" to all hams operating be- these members has got a claim on ARRL too.
as it is enjoyed by millions of our people. low 30mc. You haven't felt the failure yet, we have.
It is within our memory when a group During the last month we have had discus- [Italics, ours. Ed.] A few Xtals are with
of interested spectators gathered at our house sion among the members concerning a plan for nie which can hardly be used any more, ex-
to hear election returns as they came over taxation of the ham by the Federal Govern- cept on 14mc. but if the 14 goes well I think
ment. The plan is as follows:
the ham bands, sent in code from various Every ham to be taxed 50c a year regard-
it is time to get rid of the rig now. But could
public spirited ham's shacks. This was the I? That's the trouble here and the mere thought
less of power; and a license fee of $1.00 to he is painful. Also if the rest of the world looses 7
introduction to the general public of what imposed on every person taking an examination. & 14mc. bands what about the amateur fratern-
they could expect from the then untried field This money is to be earmarked for the use of the ity. The contacts on 28 is still not a very sure
of "wireless." hams only. It is to be used to pay the salary one. And isn't 14 the band which is linking the
In the last few months, and particularly and expense of a separate officer to be added to worlds amateurs today. The world wants peace
in the last year there has been much con- the present FCC, and this official to have sole and I think Hann Radio contributes quite a lot
troversy among the amateurs concerning tele- interest in ham- radio and its problems. The of- towards that. How can you quarrel with a man
ficial will be recommended to the FCC by pop- to whom you have been saying 73s so long. I
vision. After the smoke of battle cleared ular direct vote of the hams, and he will act on
away, the general concensus of opinion was am sure BERU will fight for the 14mc. band
the FCC only in regard to ham matters, by but it can't fight alone. ARRL would surely
that the ham should not develop television as advising the FCC and the Legislature concern- lend a strong arm of aid only if it did. So I
he had radio, and the F.C.C. was asked to ing those problems that particularly affect the say if Amateur Radio is to remain so interest-
remove television from those of our bands amateur. The rest of the money is to be used ing a hobby as it is, the whole world must enjoy
below 21/2 meters. This it did. to defray the expense of sending a special ac- the frequency facility as it is doing now. Of
credited delegate to the 1942 Rome Convention course by the world I mean the hams. I hope
It was claimed that the television signals whose sole purpose will be to co- ordinate, advise in Rome ARRL will be successful and the
took up too much space in the ham spec- and vote on ham radio status. changes will be done before then, if necessary.
trum and that were the ham to go ahead with An amendment to the idea has been suggested But I have one objection to W8RYL's letter and
the development of the art, that he would that Congress be asked to match the money ideas. So big a body as ARRL is not built in
eventually be shoved from the very fre- raised by taxation of the ham, dollar for dollar, a day. So why wreck something ready, when
quencies in which he had engineered the tele- so that a complete survey and review of the we need one now. The best way to do the stuff
ham situation may be held. will be to improve the present one and use it.
vision signals. This will prove to have been Another matter under discussion before The
a short -sighted viewpoint. It is ours isn't it, so there is no sense in break-
Vigilantes concerns itself with a Resolution coming something which is ours. I would ask 8RYL
The ham has definitely muffed the greatest mending the attitude of Chairman McNinch of to join the ranks and start the goodwork now
opportunity offered to him since the advent the FCC in his stand that the air over which than to build something. The steel is there only
of general public broadcasts. Here was the all radio is sent belongs to the people of these it requires tempering. And finally I would re-
chance to have the public back him, and even United States and should be so treated. The quest you to bring it to the notice of hams in
go so far as to demand that he not be legis- Vigilantes who have been contacted feel that USA that the bands in question is valuable be-
such a stand will do much to help the ham cause the rest of the world is there to reply
lated out of existence. status against the commercials.
Picture, if you please, the fact that tele- the CQ.
A third proposition on tap is to appeal to the (Sgd) A. Banerjee, VU2LL.
vision will be many years in reaching the President that he make his position clear on Ballygunj, Calcutta, India.
proportions that present audio broadcasts how he stands in regard to the ham insofar as
enjoy. For the most part, television is al- the amateur may be a necessary adjunct to the Thank you for your letter, VU2LL. If
ready centered in the large cities, and there Armed Forces of our Government and a backstay you have felt failure, then you know what
to our Democracy. is in store for the American Ham. We
seems small hope that it will leave these As soon as the ballots have been distributed
places and go into general coverage until the agree with you. The League SHOULD be
and the results known, I will let you have them, built up. But it should also be made to
industry can finance expensive co -axial cables so that all the hams may know what is going give its members ACTION. The Editors.
or many relay stations. on.
We should have every ham who has his hobby
The Opportunity as a serious interest, join up with us. We are
Dear Sir :
I want to say that I am in sympathy
In this state of facts lay the salvation of neither pro nor anti ARRL. We are a direct - with your nationwide drive to arouse the
the ham. He should have jumped at the action group who believe that the best way to amateurs to a fight to retain their rights.
opportunity. Today all of the television re- get something done-IS TO DO IT OURSELVES Many hams in this section are alarmed at
ceivers tune continuously from about 42 and not wait for the other bird to do it. the changes of the last few years. . . .
Membership to date includes the following: (Sgd) James Boland,
megacycles to 86 megacycles. This band inex -W9ZN (Honorary), W9ETI, W9VFO
cludes the ham five meter band and a num- U
W2JUU, W9WXB, W2DSY, W9IUV, W2JNB,
ber of presently unused television channels. W6NCR, W8RCC, W3GQR, WBDK, WIIZP, Keep up the good work.
Had the ham asked for a special television W1IKN, W1EOG, W1IHW, AV2HMA, AV1JYT, (Sgd) A. J. Scribanis, W2JNB.
band on a share -with -a- commercial basis in W8QVH, W3BMA, W9UII, W9MJQ, W9AUQ, Dear Ed :
W9SRZ, W3CIC, W9VBF, W9UWD, W9BWN,
the u.h.f. brackets plus the right to rebroad- W5FFS, W2KDY, W2HUS, W6PFF, W1LIG, Please count on me to help you clean
cast commercial video signals, he would have W1KKG, W9OXT, W9KQH, W9YUR, W9VFH, house. . .
been instrumental in bringing television to W9NSK, W9WKL, W9WDO, W9COY, W9VDD, (Sgd) Bill Samuel, W8SKX.
the rural districts far sooner than the corn- W2IKV, W9FB, W9JPO, W9YAR, W9UVW,
35
A new receiver that features a

different treatment of the crystal
stage and noise limiter.
Ry CARL DORF
New York City, N. Y.
The symmetrical layout makes the receiver easy to handle.
S : mething New in Heceiv *s

' HETHER or not a "ham" or The explanation is that the band - tion will then be accurate throughout
short wave enthusiast builds spread tuning gang is in parallel with this particular range.
his own receiver, it is always the main tuning gang, the latter for While there are a number of factors
of interest to study the new ideas in- any given tuning range representing which influence oscillator stability,
corporated in receivers by the com- the greater part of the total capacity. one of the most important is plate
mercial design laboratories. Any minor change in the main -gang voltage changes which result from va-
The new Hammarlund HQ -120X re- setting will have little effect on the riations in the applied a.v.c. voltage
ceiver utilizes a total of 12 tubes which tuning curve of the band -spread con- with signals of different intensity.
provide one r.f. stage, mixer -oscillator, denser (frequency plotted against de- Thus a strong signal may bias the
3 i.f. stages, detector- a.v.c., noise lim- grees rotation). Therefore, should controlled tubes almost to the point
iter, b.f. oscillator, power amplifier, there be even the smallest shift in the where plate and screen current cuts
meter amplifier, voltage regulator and stability of the oscillator circuit, this off entirely, yet a weak signal drops
power rectifier. Its tuning range is can be compensated by slightly retun- the bias to the normal minimum value
from 540 lcc. to 31 mc., covered in six ing the main dial so that a signal of and the plate and screen current rise
bands. known frequency will come in exactly to full value. If there are three con-
Extreme precautions are taken to at its proper spot on the band -spread trolled tubes, these extreme conditions
insure stability of the oscillator-even dial calibration. Thus the signal from -and such extremes are commonly
to the extent of using a voltage -regu- his own crystal controlled transmitter, encountered -may result in a varia-
lator tube to maintain constant plate or a harmonic from its oscillator, can tion of as much as 30 to 40 ma. in the
voltage on this tube. But with all be used to precisely line up the band- power supply load and a quite appre-
these precautions it would still seem spread calibration by setting this dial ciable change in supply voltage even
hazardous at first glance to calibrate for his exact frequency and then though inherent regulation may be of
the band -spread dial in megacycles. touching up the tuning on the main a relatively high order.
Yet in actual practice the calibration dial until the signal is tuned in "on To overcome this the receiver under
is extremely accurate. the nose." The band -spread calibra- (Please QSY to page 51)
Extreme care is taken to shield everything. Short connections and grouped parts make for efficiency.
36
WE liked the way a certain Uni- THE ingenuity of former Ham ops Bob
Fruitop requested information Brooke and Miv Adams, now NBC
regarding a billet in the airways. technicians, saved the day for a lot of
He gave us his qualifications, which in- firefighters during the three day, half
cluded five years batting a key on sea-
going ships. Here's what we liked
quote-I have no intention of quitting
- billion dollar fire near Los Angeles.
When they were cut off from each other
by the flames, they signalled to each
my present job and seeking an airways other from mountain tops two miles
berth unless I am thoroughly certam away, using ordinary flashlights.
that I meet with all qualifications, not * * *
ANNOUNCEMENT is made of the only of obtaining but of retaining such WE were sure happy to note that
following RADIO NEWS Seal of a position. I wish to get the Infor- Brother Pennywell is now the sole
Acceptance awards mation that will enable me to attempt to Owner, Captain, Radiop and Navigator
:
master such prerequisites that I now of the Tunaclipper Destiny. Goes to
To: CONSOLIDATED WIRE & probably lack. There's no use of going prove go the
ASSOCIATED CORPS. into anything half- cocked as a fellow ucccss ladder. As n an ops on the TC
success
512 S. Peoria Street, can't get away with much bluffing these Northwestern, AF saved every dime he
days . unquote. Now, there's a chap could until he had enough money to buy
Chicago, Ill. who knows the score and is willing to his own boat. In the meantime he kept
Awarded RADIO NEWS Seal of face facts. Not a bad idea for youse studying for his Skipper and Navigation
guys and gals to sort of give heed to tickets. And the Destiny is nothing to
Acceptance No. 100.00 these words, especially with new fields of
Product: Dynamic Conductance Tube radio science opening up every day
you've gotta know your stuff ... ...
or else.
sneeze at! Just shows to go you what
perseverance and the wherewithal can
Tester. Model 9000. * *
do for you. Good Luck, skipper, and good
sailing, always.
Claims Approved: Dynamic mutual ANOTHER gentleman genius shoots in
conductance testing. Coun- an epistle bemoaning the fact that DAN BROADHURST will be remem-
ter or portable use. he has had an application filed with bered by many of the oldtimers,
Compensates for line volt- most of the major airline companies and having sailed the seven seas for the past
age variations between 90 so far nothing returns but memories of thirteen years. He gave ye colyumist a
having written the letters. This radiop few pointers in oratory whilst visiting
and 130 volts. Makes hot has splendid qualifications, good ability, Local '7 of -the ARTA. His pet peeve, and
cathode shorts and leakage etc., but nobody has ever seen an airlines it's a reasonable one, too, is whyinell
tests. Tests all types of tubes personnel manager doing a somersault in don't shippers squawk when they see
-glass, metal and ballast. ecstacy over the application of any ra- American oil being shipped to foreign
diop. As a matter of fact, if there's room countries in foreign bottoms. He insists
Tests pilot lights, Xmas tree in the file cabinet, the letter is inserted there'd be a few less seamen on the
bulbs. Has neon glow bulb with thousands of other hopeful bon beach and a few less radiops warming
leakage indicator. Highly mots, but if no room, then it is filed in local chairs. Not a bad thought to give
the one under his desk, the waste basket. to your local representative. Dan knows
sensitive meter which needs Unless you can be more unique than your his commercial setup, we'll say.
no special "Diode OK" mark- brethren in writing applications, such * *
ing. Simple fool -proof op- as different colored paper, different on one man, auto alarm
eration. Easy reading tube methods of delivering the letter, etc., equipped vessels will not be required
your petition, regardless of your qualifi- RADIOPS at 4 A.M. PST (1200GCT)
chart indicates tester set- cations, is just another application. to get up
tings. Test circuits isolated mornings to send the usual wea msg.
* *
Instead, the WeaBu has changed this
from power source. Built SHUFFLING through the deck of mail, time to 10 P.M. PST (0600 GCT) This .
from excellent materials. here's another: Red Gale (GL) flash was the good news sent out by E. H.
Tests tubes under similar to from the Orient, short circuited his Bowie of the 'Frisco WeaBu.
plans to go home and see how the mort- * * *
operating conditions. Each
section of multi- section gage was going. It's still there ...on
so Red's looking for a soft
SEVENTY -NINE radiops employed on
the roof vessels of the Soconj will receive an
tubes tested separately. Rec- billet with the Airways. Here's how, Red. approximate increase of $17,000 per year
tifier tubes tested under high Write to the Dept. of Commerce for an under an agreement which was worked
alternating voltages. application, and good luck. out by the ARTA and the Standard Oil
* * * Company of New Jersey. Incidentally,
Applications, signed, on hand 18. this is the company that employs Hoyt
SHIP owners received a setback from Haddock, former President of the ARTA,
the representatives of organized ra- as Labor Advisor. This agreement had
SEALS are awarded to those manu- diops who testified before the FCC hear- been under consideration for more than
facturers whose products exactly ing as to the inadequacy of the 50 watt a year, so that some of the men will re-
measure up to the claims they make Xmtrs. Section 12 (c) of the Ship ceive back pay for the past six months.
Radiotelegraph Safety Rules of May 31, Vacations with pay, better living quarters
for them. The Seals are given out 1937, provides for the installation of 200 and clerical allowance were a few added
free as a service alike to the buyers watt xmtrs to further the safety of life features to the wage increases.
at sea. But the ship owners were only
and manufacturers. The former can worried about the extra cost for this new
* * *
purchase knowing that an impartial which is approximately $1,750 WITH South America and Europe be-
equipment, ing focal points for important po-
source has checked the product against per vessel. F. Howe, of the ARTA, took litical and commercial news, CBS has
claims made for it, while the latter the stand and exhibited printed forms just completed new directional antennae,
has the opportunity of getting an un- which had been filled out by radiops on W3XAU, near Philadelphia. The anten-
ships all over the world to prove that a nae are of the horizontal "V" type, with
biased opinion on the article. 50 watt xmtr could not cover 200 miles each leg of the "V" approximately 500
For further information, write to during the daytime in many parts of the feet long and the radiating portion 110
the RADIO NEWS Seal of Acceptance world. Said Howe, .. I do not be- feet high. It is stated that this 10KW
Div. 608 S. Dearborn St., Chicago, Ill. lieve the engineers of the commission are Xmtr will give a signal to listeners in the
competent to say what a xmtr will do area of the beams as great as though
Hereafter each month this Division under all conditions and circumstances 100KW. Xmtr were pushing it. This is
of the publication will carry a list of in all parts of the world. The ops who the answer to European propaganda
products on which Seals have been work these sets are the only ones who broadcasts directed to South American
know what they will do." The hearing countries.
awarded. closed with the FCC taking all the evi- (Further QRD? on page 60)
dence under consideration.
37
A.-
Freq -Meter
By IRVIN L. GLERUM
Chief Engineer, E. I. Guthman & Co.
Chicago, Illinois
A commercial frequency monitor

with good accuracy, using any
A large dial snakes checking easy. broadcast station as a standard.
r HE new Federal Communication meter against standard frequency sig- transmitter location close to the edge
Commission regulations for ama- nals now available to any good re- of any amateur band, with the assur-
- - teur stations, effective Dec. 1, ceiver. Besides resulting in a simpler, ance that the transmitter so located
1938, have imposed a new and strin- and therefore more desirable instru- will definitely be within band.
gent requirement upon all their trans- ment, the premise of the second school This frequency meter-monitor pro-
mitters. Section 152.44 requires that sems to be more sound technically. It ceeds upon this technically sound
every "amateur station shall provide is rather beyond the scope of the ama- premise and was designed by McMurdo
for measurement of the transmitter teur to provide the primary frequency Silver. But instead of depending
frequency and establish procedure for standard essential to really precise upon only the one standard frequency
checking it regularly." No longer may calibration and measurement, this be- station WWV, it can be checked to a
the use of an oscillator crystal of sup- ing properly the job of the Bureau of very high order of accuracy upon
posedly -known frequency in the trans- Standards. With regular standard fre- twenty -two different frequencies avail-
mitter satisfy the law, which specifical- quency transmissions available to able from over seventy stations.
ly requires that the means of fre- every amateur from Bureau of Stand- These many calibration- setting fre-
quency measurement shall be inde- ards station WWV, accurate to one quencies are, at the poorest, accurate
pendent of the transmitter itself. Sep- part in the 5,000,000 cycles of its 5,000 to 6 parts in 850,000. They are pro-
arate frequency measuring apparatus kc. transmissions, it is foolish for the vided by WWV and two additional
is required to be available to every amateur to try to duplicate such ac- standard frequency stations and by the
amateur licensee, and to be regularly curacy in building a calibration oscil- broadcasting stations operating be-
used by him in measurement of his lator into his frequency meter. It is tween 850 and 1030 kc. Required by
transmitting frequency. so much more simple, and much more law to maintain frequency to within
Fundamentally, a frequency meter is accurate, to rely upon the Bureau of 50 cycles, check of the logs of these
a very stable and accurate oscillator Standards for calibration signals. This stations as submitted to F.C.C. shows
against whose frequency an unknown, is additionally apparent when it is that their accuracy is better than 6.cy-
or to -be- measured frequency may be realized that any attempt to build in cles against their assigned frequen-
compared. The excellence of the fre- a calibrated oscillator will require that cies. Station WSUI, at Iowa City, Ia.,
quency meter is therefore dependent its accuracy must be checked against for instance, has for four years past
upon the stability, accuracy, and read- such a primary frequency standard as been within minus 1 cycle of its as-
ability of the instrument-to quickly WWV, and the actual frequency meter signed frequency of 880 kc.
summarize the numerous detailed re- oscillator then compared against it. It Upon the basis of a 1000 kc. broad-
quirements affecting its design. Two is obviously simpler and more accurate cast signal accurate to 6 cycles, fre-
schools of thought exist with reference to make not two checks, each yield- quency meter accuracy when calibra-
to frequency meters. The first ating a small but possible error, but to tion is set against such a station is 12
tempts to build one or more frequency check direct against the primary fre- cycles at 2,000 kc., increasing harmoni-
standards for calibration right into the quency standard of WWV. This is in cally for the intervening amateur
instrument, while the second relies the interest of the type of precise fre- bands up to only 360 cycles at 60 mega -
upon calibration of the frequency quency measurement that enables safe (Check further on page 49)
INPUT
3-35
MMF PENTODE SECTION
100 MF 43 25A7G
100 MF
r -7 00V
4.25MF
5MMF
- /7-
.5MEG
IOOM 3MIL
2MEG v
103.8 20MF 2MEG. .02MF PHONES
MMF
- 1 GUTHMAN U12
400V
MF
50MO
MF
400V.
MF 400V.
DIODE SECTION
S.PS.T S.P.S.T. 25A7G 2M02W
ILS.
105-125V SN
AC.-DC.
\,III
II LINE CORD
2000 IOMF300V TMF300V.
Circuit diagram of the freq- monitor.

Coils are enclosed separately.
38
S = L A
-A UNIVERSAL RADIO LANGUAGE
by E. STANTON BROWN
Associate Editor, RADIO NEWS
News of forthcoming Spatari programs and club activities is given this month and
the new phase of the radio language introduced in the last issue is continued.
-
1H air is full of SIRELA, the
Spatari Radio Language, this
- month. The first news that should
DOSODOMI-CMHM (1450 kc., 206.8
m.) Cienfuegos, Cuba. January 28th
from 2:00 a.m. to 6:00 a.m. EST.
write SO with a small "s" and SI
with a capital S.
Only one syllable should be marked
be released is about the formation of in each column and only one combi-
the first Spatari Club. A group of These programs will give you an nation should be marked in one box.
radio fans in Seattle, Washington, excellent opportunity to receive the In the illustration the code words have
have organized and have been meeting announcements in SIRELA and to send been printed below each box merely to
twice weekly. The promoters of the in your verification request cards in show the simplicity of copying in this
project hope that other clubs of like the Spatari Radio Language. All of manner. They do not appear on the
nature will be formed throughout the the stations named will send Spatari copying chart itself. Comma, space,
United States, and eventually through- veri's to those accurately verifying decimal point, and separation of prop-
out the world, thus making interna- reception. Direct your communica- er names may be expressed by repeat-
tional communication comparatively tions to the stations at the following ing the vowel in the last syllable of
easy. The group has not released com- addresses: the combination preceding the punctu-
plete information as yet, but will soon CFAC, 1006 Southam Building, Cal- ation mark. In such cases a diagonal
announce their future plans to help gary, Alberta, Canada. line is drawn as shown in the accom-
popularize Spatari, induce stations to TG -1 and TG -2, Julio Meza Cabal- panying illustration.
broadcast in Spatari, and inform ex- leros, Director General of Elec- Those who are interested in secur-
isting radio clubs of Spatari activities. trical Communications, Guate- ing copying charts may purchase them
Some of the groups cooperating on the mala City, Guatemala. in pads of 125 sheets for sixty -five
use of SIRELA are The International
: CMHJ, Calle Santa Cruz No. 94, cents from the Spatari Language
DX'ers Alliance, Bloomington, Ill.; Box 112, Cienfuegos, Cuba. Foundation, 27 -20 25th Avenue, Asto-
National Radio club, Erie, Pa.; Inter- CMHM, Hotel Union, Cienfuegos, ria, N. Y.
national Listener's Association, Dry- Cuba. The code word groups for the Gen-
den, Wash.; Jackson Short Wave To facilitate the copying of SIRELA, eral Program Data, which was begun
League, Jackson, Mich.; and the Inter- Professor Spatari has devised the sim- last month, are continued on the next
national Short Wave club, East Liver- ple form illustrated on this page. While page. Unfortunately the columns can-
pool, Ohio. it is not necessary to use this form not be given completely this month be-
Second on the list of news items is (the syllables may be copied down as cause of space limitations. Conse-
an announcement of a number of DX you hear them), it does provide a re- quently, the upper halves of the MISO,
programs to be broadcast in SIRELA ception sheet that is always ready and MILA, and MISI columns are repro-
during the month of January. Ar- easy to use. duced in this issue, and the lower
ranged through the cooperation of the The copying chart is used in the halves will be given next month. The
International DX'ers Alliance, these following manner. Suppose that the pages may then be clipped from the
programs will come from Canada, combination MIDORE FA REMI RE two issues and pasted together to form
Cuba, and Guatemala. The programs the complete columns. Also, because of
are listed below, together with the is heard on the air. It would be copied lack of space, only reference Column
SIRELA equivalents for the stations' in the manner illustrated in the first A is given this month. Reference Col-
call letters. horizontal column of boxes illustrated. umn B will be given in the March issue
It is not necessary to use the vowels of RADIO NEWS. This will then com-
DOFABO-CFAC (930 kc., 322.4 m.) in copying since the vowel is under- plete the pages for the General Pro -
Calgary, Alberta, Canada. January stood by the consonant preceding it. gram Data.
15th from 4:00 a.m. to 5:00 a.m. To distinguish between SO and SI,
EST.
DODOFARE-TG -1 (1310 kc., 228.9 m.) DO$D D D DOD D D D DO D D D D DO D D D D DO D D D D DO D D D D
Guatemala City, Guatemala. Janu- RE R* R R RE R R R R *E R R R R AE R R R R RE R R R R RE R R R R
4.11.. M M M M MI M M M M MI#EMMM MI MMMM MI MMMM MI MMMM
ary 21st from 3:00 a.m. to 4:00 a.m. FA F F F F fi4 F F F F FA F F F F FA F F F F FA F F F F FA F F F F
EST. so s s s s so s s s s so s s s s so s s s s so s s s s so s s s s
DODOMISI -TG -2 (6.19 meg., 48.47 m.) LALL L L LALL L L LA L L L L LAL L L L LAL L L L LAL L L L
SI S S S S SI S S S S SI S S S S S I S S S S S I S S S S SI S S S S
Guatemala City, Guatemala. Janu- BOB B B B BOB B B B BO B B B B BOB B B B BOB B B B BOB B B B
ary 21st from 3:00 a.m. to 4:00 a.m. (MIDORE FA REMI RE)
EST.
DOSODOFA -CMHJ (1160 kc., 258.5 DOD---BD DO D D D D D D D D DO D D D D DO D D D D DO D D D D
m.) Cienfuegos, Cuba. January 22nd RE R R R R -4{- R R R R RE R R R RE R R R R RE R R R R RE R R R R
from 2:00 a.m. to 6:00 a.m. EST. 4.41-MMMM MI MMMM MI M M -MF-MMMM MI MMMM MI MMMM
FA F F F F FA F F F F FA F F F FA F F F F fde- F F FA F F F F
DODOFARE =TG -1 (1310 kc., 228.9 m.) so s s s-s so s s s s so s s s so s s so
F F
so s s s s
Guatemala City, Guatemala. Janu- LA L L L LA L L L L LA L L L L LA LL
s
L
s
L LA
s
L
s
L
s
L
s
L LA L L L L
ary 22nd from 3:00 a.m. to 4:00 a.m. SI

BOB
S S
B
S
B
S
B
SI
BOB
S S
B
S
B
S
B
S
BO
I S
B
S
B
S
B
S
B
SI
BO
S
B
S
B
S
B
S
B
SI
BO
S
B
S
B
S
B
S
B
-51-
BO
S
B
S
B
S
B
S
B
EST.
DODOMISI -TG -2 (6.19 meg., 48.47 m.) (MILADODO RE DO -O MI FA 51
Guatemala City, Guatemala. Janu- Above is shown part of the simple copying chart devised by Professor Spatari for
ary 22nd, 3:00 a.m. to 4:00 a.m. EST. taking down SIRELA broadcasts. A line is drawn through each syllable as it is spoken.
39
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40
-
WORLD SNORT WAVE TIME-TABLE
'
Compiled by the Editors of RADIO NEWS
Hours of transmission for the World's Short Wave Broadcast Stations
EASTERN STANDARD TIME HOURS OF TRANSMISSION
la
-
HOURS OF TRANSMISSION
Wave- -
'
-
8 9 M 3 4 5 6 7
length Call Frequency city
8 9 i0 ,11 N 2 3 4 5 6 7
-^_
40 2 Meters Letters Kc. Country
-
11 4
__
ow : -: 13.93 W8XK 21540 Pittsburgh, Pa. .
13.93 21530 Daventry, England
13.94 W2XE
W2X 21520 New York, N. Y. l<<
13.95 GSH 21500 a entry, Y.
_-
:"
Daventry, England
:-
13.97 GSH 21470
13.99 DJS 21450 Zeesen, Germany .. NIM
HS8PJ Bangkok, Siam IZIN =NM MMIll=
15.77 19020 Al
=MUM=
16.86
16.87
GSG
JZL
17790
17785
Daventry, England
Nazaki, Japan
Bound Brook, N. J.
.11.11=1
Mill
-
MIMI =MN
_i
16.87 W3XL 17780
r 6.33 PHI2 17770 Huizen, Holland
16.89 DJE 17760 Zeesen, Germany VAIIR111 ..
MI= Zeesen, Germany

__ 19.56 DJR 15340
MUM= -
19.57 W2XAD 15330 Schenectady, N. Y. NM

19.60 GSP 15310 Daventry, England =INS
-
MN.
=HMI=
1. KyRi -- --
19.62
19.63
LRU
DJQ
15290
15280
Buenos Aires, Arg.
Zeesen, Germany
AMIOMM. NIMME
NM=
--- ---
mg
19.65W2XE 15270 New York, N. Y. NM
INNI
---- --
19.66GSI 15260 Daventry, England --
19.68TPA2 15243 Pontoise, France

19.71PCJ2 15220 Huizen, Holland /1.
19.72W8XK 15210 Pittsburgh, Pa. EM1 IIMEIMMM
_---
19.74 DJB 15200 Zeesen, Germany -
E_
`
M'r
..
19.76GSO 15180 Daventry, England
I MEN
_
III Nazaki, Japan =11111111=M
.=
19.79JZK 15160
.. 19.82GSF 15140 Daventry, England
Vatican City
19.84HVJ
19.85 DJL
15121
15110 Zeesen, Germany =MN..
1L',i
'
_C_w_ 19.88 RKI 15090 Moscow, U.S.S.R.
-y-==
111.1= R 20.04 LZA 14970 Sofia. Bulgaria
--
'
20.08 PSE 14935 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Switzerland
_ 20.64
22.00
HBj
SPW
13635
13635 Warsaw, Poland
=-- S S '
., .
24.52 TFJ 12235 Reykjavik, Iceland
--
I
25.00 RNE 12000 Moscow. U.S.S.R.

25.21 XE \ \'I
25.24 TPA3
25.27 W8XK
11900
11885
11870
Mexico, D. F.
Pontoise, France
Pittsburgh. Pa. MINN
=1
MIMS
=11 ilt
1INEMMOMMENw -- -
APTIlg/.0EV
-=1_=1
IMI
--
N=
MM
...
-
25.29 GSE
25.34 OLR4A
25.36 \V9XAA
25.36 W2XE
25.40 2R04
25.42 DJZ
25.42 JZJ
11860
11840
11830
11830
11810
11801
11800
Daventry, England
Podebrady. Czech.
Chicago, III.
New York, N. Y.
Rome, Italy
Zeesen, Germany
Nazaki, Japan
MEE
MENIMEN '.
MM
MOM_MUNN
U MM.
=1=11=1111=111=111
IMO
IMIM
MEN
N B
II
MUM
MS MEMMISMIlLy -. -NE
-
25.45 W1XAL 11790 Boston, Mass.

M 25.49
25.51 OLR4B
DJD
11770
11760
Germany
Podebrady, Czech. MEN
N
.
=MI
MM15
=UM
..`
25.53 GSD 11750 Daventry, England
- --- i. MIMI
"
_ -__ -1R1
Winnipeg, Canada
Ffil 25.58 CJRX
25.60 TPA4
11720
11713 Pontoise, France OW
..
-161
5 - IMIMIM MIMI=
wig, 25.60 CR7BH 11718 Lourenzo, Marques
-.
- -
---___
-
25.63 SBP 11705 Motala, Sweden
M
-:
25.64 HP5A 11700 Panama, Pana. MNIMIR41
MINIII MUM
_
25.66 XTJ 11690 Hankow, China
Il MN Warsaw, Poland
.lIC
26.01 SPD
26.24 COCX
11535
11435 Havana, Cuba
IM 1=
111111
MR7
1=RA
-- 26.31 HBO
27.17 CSW
11402
11040
Geneva, Switzerland
Lisbon, Portugal MIS N .1==
1 U..
_MEM-
MIMI 27.27 PLP
29.04 ORK
11000
10330
Bandoeng, Java
Ruysselede. Belgium plu- EN
No- 29.24 PAIN 10260 Bandoeng, Java
MIMI =M
_a. -
mu- 29.35 PSH
30.43
30.52
30.51 CSW
10220
9860
9830
9737
Rio de Janeiro. Brazil
Madrid, Spain
Rome. Italy
Lisbon, Portugal
Bound Brook, N. J.
-__MIS_ 31.02 \V3XAL 9670

31.06 LRX 9660 Buenos Aires, Argentina
-EM
- '
31.09 CS2WA 9650 Lisbon, Portugal

31.10 HH3W 9645 Portau Prince, Haiti
IuI
Rome, Italy
31.14 12R03 9635
M
MIN
IV M
'7111
31.20 HJ1ABP
31.25 RAN
31.28 VK6ME
31.23 W3XAU
9616
9600
9590
9590
Cartagena, Colombia
Moscow, U.S.S.R.
Perth, Australia
Philadelphia, Pa. MIt
RI.R'li
111111
..3 MM=
eMMrM
' ,
VK2ME
31.28 9590 Sydney, Australia
31.28 PCJ 9590 Huizen, Holland
_- -1
--'= MI
MINN
,.
31.28 HP5J
31.32 GSC
31.32
31.35
31.37
VKVLR
WIXK
OAX4T
9590
9580
9580
9570
9562
Panama City, Pana.
Daventry, England,
Lyndhurst, Australia
Millis, Mass.
Lima, Peru
S
Zeesen, Germany MilliMEN
=-
-: .. - 31.38 DJA 9560
Schenectady, Y.
-
.:
31.41 W2XAD 9550 a
Podebrady, Czech.
III
MEM
31 41
31.42
W
XEFT
9550
9550 Veracruz. Mexico
Zeesen, Germany
MEN
MIME MIMI MENS -
y:MMrFM=
31.45 DJN 9540
-- 31.43 \V2XAF 9530 Schenectady, N. Y. MIMMI MIME .'

31.48 LEC 9530 Jeloy, Norway
MI= =MN
Hong Kong, China
31.49
31.51
ZBW3
OZF
9525
9520 Skamlebak, Denmark =MI
Y 31.55
31.55
31.55
GSB
HJIJ
VK3ME
9510
9510
9510
Daventry, England
stralis
Melbourne. Australia. WA 11
41
WORLD SHORT WAVE TIMETABLE

Compiled by the Editors of RADIO NEWS
Hours of transmission for the World's Short Wave Broadcast Stations
EASTERN STANDARD TIME HOURS OF TRANSMISSION

HOURS OF TRANSMISSION
8 9 10 11 M 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Ware-
length Call Frequency City 8 9 10 N 2 ISI 5 6 7
.-.
,Meters Letters 11 1
... Kc Country
31.82 COCH 9428 Havana, Cuba
.
3, 1' OAX4J 9330 Lima, Peru
33 32 COBZ 903U Havana, Cuba - -
I
34.62 COJK 8665 Camaguey. Cuba
ME=
-
38 48 1113P
44.74
7797
6796
Geneva, Switzerland
San Pedro,
MEN -
MUM MOM
R.
_i7u
O
jyl TH
44 71
45 22
45 25
TIEP
I -IC2RL
HIT
PRADO
071(1
6635
6630
6618
San Jose, Costa Rica
Guayaquil, Ecuador
Trujillo, D. R.
Riobamba, Ecuador __ -__
II=
. OMMMfl
I ==,/MI
45 34
TH 45.80 H14D 0550 Trujillo, D. R. ffl UM
46 01 YV4RB 0520 Valencia, Venezuela
II
46 08 HIL
46.66 HI1S
46 85 YVSRH
6510
6430
6400
Trujillo, D. R.
Puerto Plata, D. R.
Caracas, Venezuela
IM = IIM
47.10 YV5RF 6375 Caracas, Venezuela
4712 YV1RH 6360 Maracaibo, Venezuela
47.24 HRPI 6350 San Pedro Sula, Hond. MEM M
!R :
-Nil 47 77 6280 Trujillo. D. R.
OM=
-
47
48
48 15
COHB
77 CO
05 HIN
OAX4G
6280
6243
6230
Cancti Spiritus, Cuba
Trujillo, D. R.
Lima, Peru
ME- IMlM =IMO
I 11 48 50 HIIA 6185 Santiago, D. R.
-
48.62 OAX1A 6170 Chiclayo, Peru
48.70 XEXA 6160 Mexico. D. F. Mexico
48.72 Y VSRD 6158 Caracas, Venezuela
l----I
1110001001 5A SA SA
MM
-
. ,
48.78
48.82
48.86
CJRO
IIJ4ABE
6150
6145
6140
Winnipeg, Canada
Medellin, Colombia
Pittsburgh,
I I ,MUM=
I 1
-
.. 48.88 CR7AA 6137 Lourenzo Marques, A.
' RER 48.94 LKJ 6130 Jeloy, Norway
48.94 VE9HX 6130 Halifax, N. S.
Pr.
=48.94 COCD
48.96 HJ3ABX
6130
6122
Havana, Cuba
Bogota, Colombia MMIMMINI
=1.`.-
PP--
M.= ..
=M=
----
r_--I r- \ \
49.00
49.10
49.18
49.18
\\'2XE
GSL
YUA
VVeXAL
6120
6110
6100
6100
New York. N. Y.
Daventry, England
Belgrade, Yugoslavia
Bound Brook, N. J. .' IMINI.
MWr MM..
MN
EMIN.
I, MM
-...
49.18 ZRK 6100 Klipheuvel, So. Africa
__Ii: 49.20 ZRJ 6098 Johannesburg, Africa

.
. 49.26 CRCX 6090 Toronto, Canada MOMON.

MrM
-MI-= r__M__
49.30 HT5ABD 6055
rNM
Cali, Colombia "
49.31 H}3ABF 6084 Bogota, Colombia ( .
49.32 VO7LO 6083 Nairobi, Kenya, Afr.

I
..
1
.
49.34
49.34
11125F
XETA
6080
6080
Colon, Panama
Monterrey, Mex.
"Il -RIM
7I iJ
=1
49.34 6070 Penang, S.
`. 49.42 1 \'1RD 6070 Maracaibo, Venez.
RU 49 46 SBO
49.50 WSXAL
6065
6060
Motala, Sweden
Cincinnati, Ohio MGM.= _-
----
49.50 W3XAU 6060 Philadelphia, Pa.
M.`Rim-. \
49.59 6050 Bogota, Colombia
49.59 GSA 6050 Daventry, England
Engl
49.1.5 HJIABG 6042 Barranquina, Colom.
- - 49.67 \VIXAL 6040 Boston, Mass. NM
.
"gig
_
49.67 l'DA 6040 '1 anjong Java
---`
nIVII 49.75
49.75
49.83
49.83
OLR2B
HPSB
DJC
XEUW
605(1 Podebrady, Czech.
6030 Panama City, Panama
6020 Zeesen, Germany
6020 Veracruz, Mexico
wriiiii.
MI
M
-!
MONMME
w
49.88 XEWI 6015 Mexico, D. F., Mexico
49.90 IIJ3ABH 6012 Bogota, Colombia W M
-_
49.92 COCO 6010 Havana, Cuba -
MO1411.0 ;:: _.
49.96 CFCX 6005 Montreal. Canada
49.96 HP5K 6005 Colon, Panama
=MEW
=i
50 00 XEBT 6000 Mexico, D. F., Mexico
.
50.25 HJN
50.25 YV5RC
50.26 HVT
50.50 TG2X
50.72 HT-12S
50.76 H RN
5970 Bogota, Colombia
5970 Caracas, Venezuela
5969 Vatican City
5940 Guatemala City, Gua.
5915 Port -au Prine, Haiti
5910 Tegucigalpa, Honduras
-m-
=1/1
m __gni MIMI
-
.,
7!
50.85 YV3RA 5900 Bargmsnneto, Venez_
_, IIIM
5 6 id 8 9 10 11 M 1 2 3 4
25.25
PACIFIC COAST TIME
11880 Tokyo. Ja, Australia
fl 6 9 10 hi N 12 3 4
45.00 JZJ 16900 o, Japan
43.00 NGXA 69i Chungking China
Chungking,
=MIME 70.26 RVI5 4270 Khabarousk, U. S. S. R
IMMM -
61.48 VUC2 4880 Calcutta, India
LIST OF SYMBOLS
S- Sunday Th- Thursday ME -Daily
M- Monday F- Friday 0E3-Irregular
T- Tuesday SA- Saturday Cl -Daily
W- Wednesday SS- Saturday, Sunday
0 Except Sunday
-Daily
Except Saturday, Sunday
42
MACAO-The mysterious transmitter whose call
starts with CR9 which is being heard about one day
a month between the hours of 9 and 10 a.m. is be-
lieved by some to be CQN with a new call.
MARTINIQUE-Radio Fart -de- France (9.7), has
-
been boosted in power to 1,600 watts.
MEXICO XETA (6.08), Monterrey, is being
heard irregularly evenings to 10:30 p.m.
PERU -OAX1A (6.334), Chiclayo, signs-off at 11
p.m. with the Goodnight Song.
SPAIN -Radio National, Burgos, usually in the
vicinity of 10.37, is being heard nightly to 9:30
U. S. S. R.-ROU (14.79), Omsk, heard testing
and JOHN D. CLARK with musical recordings and contacting Moscow at
11:30 to 11:55 p.m. RIR. (10.08), Tiflis, can be
heard nightly near 1 a.m. RIS (13.74), may often
given at 9 a.m. Both men and women announcers be heard working Moscow in clear speech near 5:20
by CHARLES A. MORRISON
are employed. to 6 a.m.
Frequency in megacycles Time is Eastern Standard UNITED STATES -The Amers of Pomona, Calif.,
XOZ (15.51), and XOY (9.37), both of Chengtu,
Short -Wave International Friendship Programs inform me that the owners of WXA (9.74), of
West China, are broadcasting news in English, for
January 15, from 9 to 10 p.m. over Europe and the United States respectively, from 9:45 Seattle, advise that it is against their policy to issue
SUNDAY,
OAX4J (9.34), of Lima, Peru. verifications. WXE (12.25), of Anchorage, Alaska,
to 10:30 a.m.
Saturday, January 21, and Sunday, January 22, FINLAND -New calls and frequencies that have part of the same aircraft network, verifies. W2XAA
from 3 to 4 a.m., over TG2 (6.19), of Guatemala been assigned to the transmitter at Lahti, Finland, (8.655 or 12.8625), owned by the Bell Telephone
City, Guatemala (program will feature announce- are as follows: OII (21.55), OIH (17.8) and OIE Company of Chicago, Illinois, may be heard testing
ments in SIRELA). (15.19). irregularly throughout the day with phonograph re-
Saturday, January 21. from 9 to 10 p.m., over GUATEMALA-R. B. Oxrieder of Corozal, Canal cordings. The following new frequencies have been
HPSG (11.78), of Panama City, Panama. Zone, reports hearing a partially unidentified station granted to W8XAL of Cincinnati: 21.65, 17.76, 15.27,
17 Nations to Salute N. Y. World's Fair whose call started with TG , on a frequency of 11.87 and 9.59. Power Is to be increased to 50,000
Each Sunday, from 1:30 to 2 p.m., elaborate pro- 11.704, near noon. watts. KSET (2.6), Lake Bluff, Illinois, may be
grams saluting the N. Y. World's Fair are being P.4VAMA -HOA, the first station in the newly heard intermittently throughout the evenings han-
broadcast jointly by the National Broadcasting Com- assigned Panama Tropical Band, is relaying HPSG dling shore to ship telephone traffic.
pany, the Columbia Broadcasting System and the nightly from 8 to 10 p.m., on a frequency of 2.34. YUGOSLA VIA-Listeners sending reports to YUA
Mutual Broadcasting System, and their affiliated PERU -OAX2A (11.85), power 250 watts, owned (6.1), Belgrade, are put on that station's mailing
short -wave outlets. Each broadcast features a short by Rafael Larco H. Hoyle of Hacienda Chiclin, Tru- list for weekly advance program bulletins which also
talk by the ruler, or outstanding figure of a foreign jillo, Peru, is on the air and has been heard testing contain scenic photos.
nation. The following short-wave pick -ups with prin- near noon.
SPAIN -According to a letter of verification re- Special Transmission of Interest
cipal speakers for each have been scheduled:
Jan. 15- Denmark: King Christian. X; ceived by Roger Legge of Binghamton, New York,
Daily -at4 p.m., news in English, over TPB11
(9.55) of Paris, France; from 7 to 7:30 p.m., Radio
Jan. 22- Netherlands: Queen Wilhelmina; RR6 (11.991), Radio Requele, Postas 19, Vitoria,
Newspaper, edited by George Williams, over HP5J
Jan. 29- Russia; power 450 watts, is operating as follows: daily from
(9.59) of Panama City, and over HP5F (6.08) of
Feb. 5- Canada: Governor General Lord Tweeds- .4 to 4:30, 8 to 10 a.m., 1 to 1:30 p.m., 1:30 to 2
Colon, Panama; 7 to 8 p.m., North American broad-
muir; p.m. in French and English, 4 to 7 p.m., and every cast, over HAT4 (9.12) of Budapest, Hungary; 9:15
Feb. 12- Rumania: King Carol; Wednesday and Saturday from 8:30 to 9 p.m. for
to 10:15 p.m., broadcasts in French, over RAN
Feb. 19- Norway: King Haakon; Spanish America in Spanish, but soon to be in both
(9.6) of Moscow, U. S. S. R.
Feb. 26- Belgium: King Leopold III; Spanish and English. Week- Days -noon to 12:15, and 5 to 5:15 p.m.,
March5- Yugoslavia: Prince Paul, regent; UNITED STATES -W2XQO (26.55), the Knick-
short -wave mail bag, over W9XA (26.45) of Kansas
March 19- Hungary: Admiral Nicholas Horthy, erbocker Broadcasting Co. of Flushing, New York,
City, Missouri.
regent; has been granted a license for the operation of a 100
March 26- Poland: President Ignatz Moscicki; watt station. W6XBE, the first short -wave station in Week -Days except Saturdays -at4:55 p.m., URSI-
gram broadcasts of scientific data, over W1XAL
April2- Japan: Prince'Yasuhito Chichibu; the U. S. A. west of the Mississippi River, will be
(11.79) of Boston, Mass.
9-
April Sweden: King Gustav V or Crown Prince erected on Treasure Island, site of San Francisco's
Sundays -1 to 3 a.m., special dx program, over
Gustav Adolf; world's fair, and will be in readiness for operation
Guatemalan stations TG2 (6.19), TGQA (6.4) and
April 16-Brazil: President Getulio Vargas, and with the opening of the fair the middle of February.
TG3 (2.34).
April 23 -Great Britain: Sir Louis Beale, Commis- This 20,000 watt General Electric transmitter will
sioner General to the Fair, and others. operate on 9.53, and 15.33, sharing time with Mondays -8 to 9 p.m., Modern Radio course, over
W1XAL (6.04) of Boston, Mass.
W2XAF and W2XAD in Schenectady, New York.
Short -Wave Broadcasts to South America Hours of operation will be daily from midnight to 6
Mondays and Fridays -at 4:15 -p.m., and Tues-
Intensified a.m., which will afford evening reception in the orient. days and Wednesdays -at2 p.m., international edu-
For years the propaganda stuffed broadcasts ra- W9XA (26.45), the Commercial Radio Equipment
cational programs, over W2XAD (15.33), and
diated by the powerful short -wave stations of Ger- W2XAF (9.53), of Schenectady, N. Y.
Co. of Kansas City, Missouri, relays KITE; has a
many and Italy completely dominated the dials of short-wave mail bag program daily from noon to Wednesdays -7
to 7:30 p.m., program for North
all short -wave receivers in South America, but since America, over ZIZ (6.384) of St. Kitts, B.W.I.
12:15 p.m. Those reporting reception will receive a
the advent of United States short-wave broadcasters Fridays -11 to 11:30 p.m., English hour, over
valuable booklet giving data on W9XA and other
into this highly competitive field the picture has ultra -high frequency stations. XEXA (6.172) of Mexico City.
changed. The National Broadcasting System is in-
tensifying its coverage of Latin America by the in- Notes of Interest Revised Schedules
stallation of new short-wave antennas that will swing BELGIUM -ORK (10.33), Ruysselede, now oper-
BERMUDA -ZFB (10.05), Hamilton, may be ating daily 1:30 to 3 p.m., beamed on the Belgian
radio beams over South America like rays of a pow- heard working British ships near noon, 5, and 7 p.m.
erful searchlight at the mere touch of a button. Pro- Congo.
irregularly. FRANCE -the Government Short-Wave Stations are
grams for Latin listeners are now being broadcast 16 CHINA -XGX (9.09) has been off the air since
hours each day. An even more powerful impetus will now operating as follows: over TPB3 (17.81), from
the fall of Hankow. . . An unidentified station an- 9:30 to 11 a.m. for the Far East; over TPB6 (15.13).,
be given to our international broadcasts with the nouncing as "The Voice of China," being heard on
official inauguration of General Electric's new 100,000 from 7 to 9:15 p.m. for South America; over TPA2
a frequency of approximately 11.38, from 8 to 8:35 (15.243), 6 to 11 a.m. for Far East; TPA3 (11.885),
watt super -power short -wave station at Schenectady, a.m., may be XTJ of Hankow which formerly oper- 2 to 5 a.m. for Africa, and from 11:15 a.m. to 6 p.m.
New York, and the opening of its new 20,000 watt ated on 11.69.
Pacific coast station, W6XBE, on Treasure Island in for Africa; TPB7 (11.885), 9:30 p.m. to midnight,
COLOMBIA-HJIABB of Barranquilla, is being for North America; TPA4 (11.718), 7 to 9:15, and
San Francisco Bay. The Columbia Broadcasting Sys- heard on dual frequencies of 4.875 and 8.
temm is also expanding its international facilities by 9:30 p.m. to midnight, for America, and TPB11
D. R. -HIN, HI1X and HIZ sometimes work as (9.55), 2 to 5 a.m. for Africa, and 11:15 a.m. to 7
combining the services of W2XE in New York, and a network after 7:40 p.m.
W3XAU in Philadelphia, in such a way that it can p.m. for Africa.
EGYPT-According to Warren Stark of Wauwa- INDIA -VUD3 (15.16), Delhi, now operating
direct its short -wave broadcasts to South America and tosa, Wisconsin, SUZ (13.82), Cairo, often works
Europe at the same time. nightly 9:30 to 11:30 p.m.
GBB2 (13.595) after 3 a.m. SWEDEN -SBP (11.705), of Motala, is now
New Short -Wave Stations ETHIOPIA -ETA (18.27), Addis Abara, is being operating weekdays from 1 to 4:15 p.m. and on
(On the Air) heard irregularly between 4 and 5 a.m. Sundays from 1:15 to 4:15 p.m., and on Wednesdays
ALBANIA -A 3,000 watt short -wave station has FRANCE-A weird three -tone whistle and a pecul- and Saturdays from 8 to 9 p.m. for North America.
been opened in Albania. The studios are in the iar background hum are characteristic marks of iden- SWITZERLAND-The revised schedule for Radio
Tirana City Hall, the transmitter in a new building tification for most of the French commercial phone Nations is as follows: Sundays, 10:45 to 11:30 a.m.
near Tirana. The following frequencies have been stations. . for India, over HBJ (14.535); 1:45 to 2:30 p.m., for
allotted the station: 7.487. 9.9875, and 15.765; the INDIA -VD2 (9.59), Delhi, has been excellent Africa and Europe, over HBO (11.4) and HBQ
latter being used for occasional broadcasts to America. of late near 8 a.m., sometimes reaching a good R8
(6.675); 2:30 to 2:45 p.m. for Europe, over HBQ;
CANADA -Ray Shaffar of Waterloo, Iowa, re- to 9. . QSL cards are being prepared for use of
7 to 7:45 p.m., for North America, over HBL
ports CFBT (6.03), heard testing at 2 a.m. This All -India Radio's short-wave stations in confirming
(9.345) and 8 to 8:45 p.m., for South America, over
may be a new call for VE9CA. reports of reception. HBL; Mondays, 3:30 to 3:45 a.m., over HBO (11.4)
CHI NA-Ashley Walcott of San Francisco, Calif., JAMAICA -VRR4 (11.595), Stony Hill, often and from 4 to 4:15 a.m. over HBJ, and from 6:50 to
writes that XGSA (7), announcing as the Kweiyang works WNC (15.055), Hialeah, Florida, near 6 to
8:15 p.m., for North America, over HBL (9.345)
Broadcasting Station, Kweichow Province, China, is 6:15 p.m.
and HBP (7.797).
operating daily from 6:30 to 7:30 p.m., 1 to 2 and JAPAN -For verification purposes JZK is now is-
suing a new QSL card picturing the Diet Building, Frequency Changes
8 to 10:10 a.m. Announcements in English are made
every quarter hour, while the news in English is and a pagoda in Uyeno Park. (Tune to page 45, please)
February, 1939 RADIO NEWS 43
ISUPERIOR PRESENTS
cents,
5 INSTRUMENTS many new features all proven to be sound
from its NEW 100 series))))) Never before has Superior
1
offered so much for so little! Always the Best Buy in the and practical. We urge you to read the descriptions below
Instrument Field, Superior in this new 100 series gives carefully; see how these instruments fit your needs. Buy
1
you even more value! We have incorporated many refine- direct from manufacturer and save 50%.
SUPERIOR INSTRUMENTS ARE GUARANTEED FOR ONE YEAR
THE NEW MODEL 1110 -S
THE
A.C. - D.C. VOLT OHM MILLIAMMETER NEW
A Midget in Size -A G iant in Performance
MODEL
1130 -S
MODEL
til0-s Signal
Generator
with
Audio
Frequen-
cies
SPECIFICATIONS:
Features modern 0 -1 d'Arsonval type meter, precision resistors, neat
etched panel housed in new striped fabricoid case.
I. Combination R.F. and Audio Signal Generator, R.F. 100 ke. to 100 Me., A.F.
100 -7.500 cycles. All Direct reacting. all by front panel switching. 2. R.F. and A.F.
-
SPECIFI CATIONS: output independently obtainable alone or with A.P. (any frequency) modulating R.F.
0.1.5 volts D.C. 0 -500 ohms 500- 500,000 ohms. 0 -I5 volts A.C. 3. Accuracy is within 1% on I.P. and Broadcast bands on higher frequencies.
0 -15volts D.C. 0 -1 ma. D.C. 0 -40 volts A.C. 4. Audio frequencies in 5 bands; 1011. 400, 1001). 5000, and 7500 cycles. 5. Giant
0 -25volts D.C. 0 -10 ma. D.C. 0 -75 volts A.C. airplane full vision, direct -reading dial. 6. Condenser and other leakages tested to
0 -75volts D.C. 0 -100 ma. D.C. 0 -200 volts A.C. 100 megohms. 7. All services on 90 -130 volts A.C. or D.C. (any frequency).
0.500 volts D.C. 0 -500 ma. D.C. 0 -1200 volts A.C.
Model 1110 -S supplied complete with batteries, test leads and $ 85 Model 1130 -S comes complete with tubes, test leads, carrying
handle, instructions. Size 12" x 9" x 61/-L ". Shipping weight
instructions. Size: 51A" x 5" x 31/4". Shipping weight, .51/
pounds. Our net price 15 pounds. Our net price
THE NEW MODEL 1150 -S THE NEW MODEL 1180 -S THE NEW MODEL 1140 -S
SUPER - ALLMETER SET TESTER TUBE TESTER

A Complete Laboratory
Featuring the New Sloping Panel All in One Unit!
Featuring Our New Type Sloping Pend for
Precise and Rapid Servicing
A really modern tube tester conforming to

all standards of good engineering practice.
A genuine achievement! For accurate and rapid
Utilizes a 3" d'Arsonval type meter with
measurements. Note the following features: A.C. calibrated scale. Furnished in a sturdy black
case with sloping panel for easy operation.
and D.C. Volts. A.C. and D.C. currents. Resist- Removable cover and carrying handle for
ance. Capacity. Inductance. Decibels. Watts. either portable or counter use.
SPECIFICATIONS: SPECIFI CATIONS:
D.C. Voltage: 0 -15, 0 -150, 0 -750 volts D.C. 1. Tests all 4. 5, 6, 7, 7L. and octal base tubes,
A.C. Voltage: 0 -15, 0 -150, 0 -750 volts A.C.
including diodes.
2. Tests by the well -established emission method
D.C. Current: 0 -1, 0 -15, 0 -150, 0 -750 ma. D.C. for tube quality, directly read on the GOOD?
A.C. Currant: 0 -15, 0 -150, 0 -750 ma. A.C. BAD scale of the meter.
3. Affords separate neon test for leakage and shorts
2 Resistance Ranges: 0 -500 ohms between elements.
500 -5 megohms 4. All services performed by the use of only five
High and Low Capacity Scales: .0005 to 1 mfd. and .05 controls at maximum. and many tests do not
to 200 mfd. require working all the controls.
3 Decibel Ranges: 10 to +19, 10
10 to +53. to +13, 5. Supplied with instructions and reference table so
Inductance: 1 to 700 Henries that the filament voltage and emission measuring
Watts: coot ols may be properly set for the enumerated
Based on 6 mw. at 0 D.B. in 500 ohms, .006000 to 600 A complete testing laboratory all in one nit! long list of tubes, which includes all tubes
bines Superior models 1140 -5 and 1150 -S. For Com-spe- commonly encountered in servicing.
Utilizes new OW square 0 -1 d'Arsonval time meter with cifications read the description of both these models 6. Works on 90 -120 volts A.C. 60 cycle.
precision resistors housed in our newly devised sloping herewith. Comes housed i stur, black case with
case for rapid and accurate servicing. Csloping panel for rapid ands simple measurements. Model 1140 -S comes complete with instructions
omplete with test leads. tabular charts, instructions and tabular data for every known receiving type
Model supplied complete with test and tabular data for every known of tube as well as many transmit-
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Size 10^ x I%" x 4% ", shipping weight
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many 'transmitting types. Size
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Model 1150 -A Portable carrying cover Model 1140 -A with Portable
750 additional. Model 1180 -A for Portable Cover, add 05e. Cover 75e additional
SUPERIOR INSTRUMENTS CO. NELWerYORK, NRNY.
44 RADIO NEWS February, 1939
The energy expended in building an "B" battery cells until the maximum
Radio Airplane Model electrical stop system is justified even recommended current value is reached
(Continued from page 12) with a two channel reversible system and then remove the unnecessary
because it insures that the controls cells. Some value between 30 to 45
ratchet is not available, several heavy are either stopped at the extreme of volts will be best for a given value of
wires or pins may be soldered to the their movement (right or left) or at plate resistor and bypass.
metal arm which will prevent it from neutral. When an airplane is in trou- The maximum plate current may be
being run backwards. If a mistake is ble it is always best to have the con- increased by increasing the value of
made, the pins dig into the wood and trols in neutral, that is for flying the plate bypass, decreasing the value
stop the rotation. Four contacts, con- straight ahead and on an even keel. of the plate resistor, or both. The
nected in parallel, are mounted on the Control tabs should be rather small. average plate to filament voltage
board between the quadrants so that On our ship a tab nine inches long and drop of the tube (plate resistance)
the handle will brush over them as it two inches wide at the bottom and may be reduced by decreasing the L/C
is turned from quadrant to quadrant. tapered to a point at the top was ratio of the tank circuit, increasing the
Keying line to the transmitter is con- plenty when turned ten to fifteen de- antenna coupling or length, or both.`
nected to the handle and the four grees. The stabilizer has an area of Thus there are a number of variables
contacts. The "control stick" setting 116 square inches. A larger rudder and all are related; change one and
should be checked with the position of tab would lead to overcontrolling and then adjust the others for maximum
rudder before each flight, i.e., when probably a crackup. Unless an ob- performance. This may appear to be
rudder is neutral and next position is struction is in the path, it is best not a lot of trouble, and to some an almost
right, be sure control stick is set at to try to turn the plane until it has hopeless task, but it really isn't very
neutral with next position indicating sufficient altitude so that it can regain difficult.
a right turn. its stability if flying speed is lost. A pair of head phones, a 0 to 5
In order to simulate actual flying Probably this altitude should be set at milliameter, and a high resistance
conditions of a plane, that is, in order a hundred feet or more for' initial voltmeter are all the test equipment
to instantaneously turn the rudder flights. Low altitude turns are more necessary to get a receiver in operat-
right or left a desired amount another safely made against the torque of the ing condition and keep it that way.
radio channel will have to be added motor and propeller because the plane Plate current of the detector normally
which will reverse the control motor. will be less likely to spin. It is even should be about 1.7 ma. (slightly
Reversible control motors which will recommended that the neutral posi- above rating but gives better sensitiv-
operate on 11/2 to 3 volts are not diffi- tion of the rudder tab be set so as to ity) without signal and with a local
cult to obtain. The one we used was counteract the torque even to the ex- signal it should be about .5 ma. A
a Varney locomotive motor which is tent that the plane will execute coun- distant signal (from anticipated maxi-
sold with Varney model locomotive ter torque turns of large radius.' mum range of operation) should shift
kits. It has a permanent field magnet A radio control transmitter does not the plate current at least .8 ma.
so that it can be instantly reversed differ from conventional ham rigs ex- It is best to make final adjustments
by reversing the polarity of the bat- cept that operation may be necessary in the open and under as nearly actual
tery. A separate battery in conjunc- on several frequencies if two or more flying conditions as possible. The tun-
tion with the second radio channel and receivers are installed in the model. ing and general operation of the
relay is the most satisfactory method Electron coupled oscillators, or crystal equipment should be checked before
for reversing this motor. The auto oscillators on 14 mc. with outputs dou- each flight. Having pin jacks mounted
radio industry has provided a neat bling to 28 mc. and driving a doubler on the side of the fuselage for insert-
little tuning motor which will do the on 56 mc. will be very satisfactory for ing a milliameter in the plate circuit
job admirably and it has a separate a radio control transmitter. The will facilitate tests. Mount the fila-
winding on its field for reversing pur- power output need not be very great, ment switch and a switch to open the
poses thus eliminating a second bat- but depends upon how far away posi- battery circuit of the control motor
tery. The reduction of weight is tive control of the model will be neces- near the pin jacks. Fountain pen type
questionable as it requires 3 and pref- sary. Two to five watts is enough for flashlight cells may be used for fila-
erably 41/2 volts to operate reliably. most work, but this depends upon how ment and motor control if they are
Utah Radio Products Company of Chi- sensitive the receiver is. replaced frequently. All testing should
cago is one of the manufacturers who Everything should be taken into ac- be done with external batteries for
build this type of motor and it weighs count in order to make the one tube economy's sake.
six ounces, about the same as the receiver work properly. Variations in The battery manufacturers have
Varney used in our experiments. individual tubes and circuit constants been on their toes the past few years
The gear box shown is easy to build make it more than a cut and dried and have developed all sorts of light
but the design details are left to the proposition, but even a type 30 tube batteries for experimental and scien-
individual because nearly everyone has can be made to work though it may tific purposes. The fact that these bat-
an alarm clock that can be junked for be necessary to select it from an as- teries are available is probably the
gears and the most fun of this business sortment. Out of six 30's that I tried, contributing factor making radio con-
is to design your own equipment. The only one had the necessary plate shift trol of model aircraft possible. A 2 oz.
gear ratio is not important as long to operate the relay reliably. Even 45 v. battery X 180, not much larger
as the motor is geared down so that with the RK62, it may be necessary to than a flashlight cell and having a
plenty of power for turning the rudder adjust the plate voltage as well as an- useful life of about two hours may be
is available. With the Varney motor tenna length and coupling, grid leak obtained direct from the National Car-
any ratio of from 80 to 150 to one is and plate bypass condenser. bon Co. Burgess has an 8' oz. 45 v.
excellent with 11/2 volts of battery. When the RK62 is operating cor- battery designated as W30FL. This
Care must be exercised in laying out rectly, it will produce audio as well as battery will give much longer service
the gear box because unnecessary fric- rush frequency oscillations until a sig- and is recommended if the weight can
tion or binding will either make the nal is received. The gas will be be carried. Three volt ignition bat-
device inoperative or it will require ionized and plate current high. The teries are available to gas model fans,
three volts to operate it reliably. Build Raytheon Production Corp. recom- but they weigh slightly more than two
everything as well and as lightly as mends a variable series resistance in large flashlight cells and do not seem
possible. Use aluminum every place the plate circuit of the RK62 to limit to give longer service. Bright Star
metal is necessary and lock washers the plate current to the conservative flashlight cells seem to be better than
under all nuts and screws. Vibration maximum value of 1.5 ma. It is more other makes for ignition, motor, and
of the little gas engine can shake ev- economical from the weight stand- filament power. 30
erything loose before the plane is off point to tap the "B" lead down on the Raytheon Engineering Service Bulletin,
the ground if precautions are not }Model Aeronautics Yearbook for 1938, iCCS1663 for RK62 Tube De Soto, Radio
Model Aeronautics Publications, 83 East Control of Power Models, QST, Vol. 22, No.
taken. 10 St., New York City. 10, October, 1938.
'February, 1939 RADIO NEWS 45
Shortwave "hashes
(Continued front page 42)
,gym, rhaep. mtm w,t "3.1u2. WoId
CUBA-COBC to 9.98. COCD to 6.135. COJK.
Camaguey, to 6.688.
CHILE- CB1180. Santiago, to 11.96.
FINEST RADIO RECEIVER"
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC -HIZ to 6.315.
ECUADOR- HCIGQ,-Quito, to 9:18: now signing-
off at 10:30 p.m. HC2CW, Guayaquil, now variable
near 9.06.
EL SALVADOR-VSP, San Salvador, varying from
as low as 10.36 to as high as 10.41 is usually in the
vicinity of 10.4.
HONDURAS-HRP1. San Pedro Sala. iras shifted
slightly to 6.36.
ITALY-IQV, Rome to 11.63.
The 30 Tube
PANAMA-HP5F, Colon, being heard irregularly
on new frequency of 6.137. HP5J, Panama City, still
highly variable, is now in the vicinity of 9.61.
U. S. S. R. -RV96, Moscow to 13.2;
CUSTOM-
Data
ANGOLA -The following stations are in operation
in Angola: CR6AA (7.174 and 7.614), Lobito;
CR6RS (14.269), Lobito, 40 watts, and CR6RC
BUILT
(11.79), 50 watts, owned by the Radio Club of
Angola, Luanda, which may soon receive a power
increase to 5,000 watts.
AUSTRALIA -VLR3, Melbourne, is operating on
11.88, daily front 3:30 p.m. to 3 a.m.
CANADA-CHNX (6.13), Halitas, operates week- The Precision -Builf Tuning Chassis
days from 7 a.m. to 10:15 p.m. and on Sundays from
12:15 to 10 p.m.
CHILE -CB970 (9.73), power 1,000 watts, owned
by the Sociedad La Cooperative Vitalicia, in Val -
pariso, operates nightly from 6:30 to 11:30 p.m., or
midnight. Interval signal is a chorus of "Anchors
Aweigh."
COLOMBIA -Many changes have taken place in
the calls and frequencies of short -wave stations in
Colombia. The following list presents what is be-
lieved to be a fairly accurate picture of the stations TheScoff Philharmonic Power Amplifier
actually in operation at present.
HJ6ABB 6.103 Manizales THE new Scott Philharmonic is, Scratch Suppressor (pat. applied for) is
HJIABG 6.050 Barranquilla available only with Scott Receivers.
HJ3CAX 6.012 Bogota. formerly HJ3ABX. relays
we believe, by far the finest in-
HJ3CAZ strument known to radio engineering A FEW OF MANY AMAZING FEATURES
HJ6ABU 5.880 science. Incorporated in its design Six wave bands covering all wave lengths
HJ3CAH 4.895 Bogota, formerly HJ3ABH, relays
are not only the newest general de- from 3.75 to 2000 meters Overall fidelity
HJ3CAI 30 to 16,000 cycles, about 4 times the
HJ7EAH 4.890 Bucaramanga velopments in radio, but also many tonal range of average factory -produced
HJ4ABP 4.880 Medellin special, exclusive features developed
HJ6FAH 4.870 Armenia, formerly HJ6ABH receivers Six noise reducing systems
HJ2BAJ 4.860. Santa Marta, formerly HJ2ABJ by our own Research Laboratories. Undistorted Class "A" Power Output
HJIABZ 4.860 Although it is an instrument of truly 40 watts, almost 7 times that of produc-
HJ3CAF 4.850 Bogota, formerly HJ3ABF
amazing scientific accomplishment, yet the tion type radios Approximately 5 times
HJ3CAB 4.840 Bogota, formerly HJ3ABD the selectivity range, and 6 times more
HJIABE 4.830 Cartagena Scott Philharmonic is so dependable in sensitive, than the average radio.
HJ5ABD 4.820 Cali operation, so simple to tune, that even
HJ2BAC 4.810 Cucuta, formerly HJ2ABC the most inexperienced can readily manip- CUSTOM -BUILT TO ORDER
HJ6FAC 4.790 Ibaque. formerly HJ6ABC ulate the convenient controls correctly. Scott Receivers are hand made in world
HJIABB 4.785 Barranquilla famous Scott Research Laboratories, by
HJ7GAB 4.775 Bucaramanga, formerly HJIABD
HJ7ABB 4.760 Bucaramanga
FINER BROADCAST AND RECORDED MUSIC highly skilled technicians, for performance
COSTA RICA -TILS (5.9), Radio Penal, uses the Tremendous strides have been made by impossible with mass- produced radios, yet
organ solo "Donkey Serenade," as an interval theme. our Research Laboratories in reducing the they cost no more! They have been pur-
CUBA -CCBZ (9.02). Havana, has a new photo- effects of static and electrical interference. chased by some of the most distinguished
graphic QSL card picturing views of its studios and Proud owners of the Scott Philharmonic leaders in science, music, and industry in
transmit ter. America, and by thousands of critical
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC -HIH (6.775). La Voa revel in a degree of quiet tonal perfec-
tion that the owners of regular production listeners in 153 foreign countries!
de Higuamo, San Pedro, signs -off at 8:30 p.m. with
English announcements and the National Anthem. type receivers would say was impossible! GUARANTEED 5 YEARS
HI5G (6.66), now at Isabel la Catolica (Altos), So truly inspiring is its magnificent tonal The Scott Philharmonic is precision built
Trujillo City, relays HI6V. HISN (6.15), Moca realism that it numbers among its enthusi- from such high quality parts and is so
City, is off the air, but operating as amateur HI9L' astic owners such musical leaders as John
on the 20 and 40 meter bands. HI9T (6.12), San
thoroughly tested with sensitive laboratory
Barbirolli, Conductor of N. Y. Philhar- equipment, that it carries a 5 year written
Cristobal, formerly HIGH (6.6) of Trujillo City, is
operating daily near 3 and 6 v.m.
monic Symphony Orchestra; Eugene guarantee . . . 20 times longer than the
EL SALVADOR -YSP (10.4), La Voa de Cusrat- Goosens, Conductor of Cincinnati Sym- usual 90 day guarantee offered with mass
lan, owned by Fernando Albayeros Sosa of San Sal- phony Orchestra; Lauritz Melchior, world - produced receivers.
vador, relays broadcast station YSP, daily front 1 to famous Wagnerian Tenor, and many
30 DAYS HOME TRIAL
3 and from 6:30 to 11 p.m. The QSL card is light others. Record reproduction has also been
blue. raised to a new high degree of perfection. 30 days' trial and liberal time payments
GUADELOUPE -Roger Legge of Binghamton, New Disturbing needle scratch has been elimi- anywhere in U. S. A. NEVER SOLD
York, writes that FG8AA (7.05), announcing as lei nated without affecting high fidelity, at THROUGH STORES.
Pointe a Pitre a la Guadeloupe au Antille Francaise,
operates nightly from 6 to 7 p.m. and sometimes normal volumes. The Scott Needle SEND FOR SPECIAL OFFER!
front 9 to 10:30 p.m.. amid considerable c.w. QRM.
GUATEMALA -The Cleveland Radio Club sup-
plies the following revised schedules: TG \VB (6.51,
E. H. SCOTT RADIO LABORATORIES,
(Also successors to McMurdo Silver Corporation)
INC.,
weekdays 7:45 to 9 a.m., 12:45 to 3:45, 7:30 p.m. 4440 Ravenswood Ave., Dept. 5B9, Chicago, Ills.
to 12:15 a.m. and Sundays 10:30 a.m. to 5:15 and Send all facts and Special Offer on the new SCOTT PHILHARMONIC.
7 p.m. to midnight; TG2 (6.19), Radio Morse,
Guatemala City. weekdays 7:30 to 9 a.m. (Sundays Name
to 11 a.nt.), Mondays and Fridays 6 to 11 p.m.,
Saturdays 6 p.m. to 1 a.m. and Sundays 3 to 8 p.m.; Street
TGQA (6.4). Quezaltenanto. Mondays and Fridays City
from 9 to 11 p.m., Saturdays from 10 p.m. to 1 a.m., State
STUDIOS: NEW YORK CHICAGO BUFFALO DETROIT LOS ANGELES
and Sundays 1 to 3 p.m.; TG2X (5.945), Guatemala
City. Mondays and Thursdays from 9 to 11:30 p.m., 2 to 3 a.m. on a frequency of
A New Type of Saturdays from 10 p.m. to midnight, and Sundays
from 2 to 5 a.m.
on the air daily from
14.006, and from 3 to 5 p.m., or later, on Pone or
c.w., on frequencies of 14.006 or 14.31.
ITALY- -The new Imperial Short-Wave Center, IRAQ- -YI2BA (14.33), is being heard again near
Push Button Switch at Prato Smeraldo, near Rome, was officially inaugu-
rated on October 31. The installation includes two
new 100,000 watt transmitters, and two new 50 000
12:15 a.m. The new operator is Eddie Behnan, who
has taken over from Mellon -who didn't have time
to QSL. Behnan is trying to catch up on forwarding
watt transmitters. So far transmissions have been QSL cards.
made on the following frequencies and under the fol- NIUE-Walter Kanupan, Caracas, Venezuela, has
lowing calls only: 2R06 (17.82), 6 to 7:30 and from received the first QSL card, I know of, from ZK2AA
10 to 11:15 a.m.; 2R05 (15.3), 11:15 a.m. to 12:15 in Niue (Oceania). The card pictures a view of
and from 2 to 4 p.m.; 2R04 (11.81), 4:40 a.m.. to Niue harbor.
12:05 p.m. and 2R03 (9.635), 12:05 to 9 p.m. PITCAIRN- VR6AY's QSL card pictures a map
Several other frequencies will be put into use in the of the island, and the pieces of equipment donated
near future, it is believed. by various manufacturers. (hi).
NEW CALEDONIA- According to Alan Breen of SOUTH AFRICA -The SAARL (South African
Dunedin, New Zealand, FK8AA (6.122) of Noumea, Radio Relay League) is sponsoring a "ZS Amateur
operates Wednesdays and Saturdays from 2:30 to Contest," on both phone and c.w. The rules will be
3:30 a.m. The power of the station is soon to be about the sanie as the A ERL Interna'ional Contest.
NICARAGUA -
increased from 30 to 70 watts.
YNRS, Radio Nicaraguente, Ma-
nagua, appears to be operating on dual frequencies
It will take place on Saturday, January 14, from
11 a.m. to Sunday, January 15, at 5 p.m.
UNITED STATES-Sew amateur prefixes recently
of 6.74, and 8.57. assigned by the FCC to the Insular possessions of the
PHILIPPINES-KZIB (9.5), Manila, is now oper- United States are as follows: K4, Puerto Rico; K4,
ating daily from 7 to 9 a.m. Announcements in Virgin Islands; KS, Canal Zone; K6, Hawaii; KB6,
Philippine and English. Chimes similar to the NBC Guam; KC6, Wake Island group; KD6, Midway
for Meter Switching on Test are used as an interval signal.
PORTUGAL -CSW2 (11.04), Lisbon, is now
Islands; KE6, Johnston Islands; KF6, Baker Island,
Howland Island, American Phoenix Islands; KG6,
Equipment, Analyzers, broadcasting daily from 9:30 a.m. to noon and from
2 to 5:30 p.m.
Jarvis Island and the Palmyra group: KH6, Ameri-
can Samoa, and K7, Alaska, including the Pribilof
SOUTH AFRICA -ZRD (9.72), Durban. is being Islands.
Tube Checkers and Radio heard on the West coast with excellent signals daily Last Minute Notes
from 9 to 11:30 a.m. John DeMyer of Lansing, Michigan, writes the
Transmitters SPAIN -Radio Nacional is still broadcasting on
dual frequencies, one near 10.37, the other in the
following India short -wave stations are being heard
with amazing signals between 7 and 8 a.m. EST:
vicinity of 11.01. The station on 7.49 carrying the VUC2 (4.88), VUB2 (4.905), VUM2 (4.95) and
Nationalist programs is EAJ43 of Tenerife. . . VUD2 (4.995). Each carries a different program.
The Mallory -Yaxley Type 2190 Roger Legge of Binghamton, New York, writes that VUC2 and VUM2 were the loudest of the four. This
station AZ (6.74), relays the Nationalist program of reception was recorded without an antenna, using
non -shorting switches provide Salamanca daily from 7 to 8 p.m., as also does only a few feet of lead-in wire for an aerial. Are
EA1B0 (7.5) of Bilbao. there any others who have heard these?
new convenience, simplicity STRAITS SETTLEMENT-ZHP (9.69), is oper-
SHORT WAVES IN THE WEST
ating week days from 4:40 to 9:40 a.m., Wednesdays (AU Times Are PACIFIC STANDARD)
and economy in the construc- from 12:40 to 1:40 a.m., Saturdays from 12:25 to by JOHN D. CLARK
1:40 a.m., and on Sundays from 5:25 to 9:40 a.m.
tion and operation of radio test and from 10:40 a.m. to 1:10 p.m. The station's QSL China
card depicts a sunset through palm trees. STATION XGOX has shifted location to Chung-
equipment. Through it a single TURKEY-The new 20,000 watt station at An- king, China, and is now on the air with a power-
kara was officially inaugurated on Oct. 30. TAP ful new transmitter. Using a frequency of 15.19
current reading meter may be (9.465), is on the air daily from 11:30 a.m. to 4, meg., broadcasts are now being carried out from 6 to
or 5 p.m. TAQ (15.195), operates daily from 9:30 9 p.m. daily, and good reception is reported in all
used to measure a number of to 11 a.m. and from 5:30 to 7 a.m. irregularly. parts of the Pacific Coast. Although announcements
circuits ... the insertion of the Frequent announcements are made in German, are almost entirely in Chinese, as are also the pro-
French, Turkish, and English. grams, the station may be easily identified by the
U. S. S. R. -RV15 of Khabarovsk, which formerly call "X -G-O -X . X-G -O -X" which is repeated at
meter in the circuit being ac- operated on 4.27, is nosy broadcasting on 6.045, where irregular intervals.
it may be heard with excellent signals relaying broad- The first hour is the best for west coast reception,
complished merely by depress- cast stations RV69 and RV54, daily from 2 to 11. a.m. as signals often become weak and erratic after 7 or
UNITED STATES-The operating schedule for 7:30. Programs are relayed from long -wave station
ing a button. Other circuits W1XAL, Boston, Mass., is as follows: on 15.25, XGOY in Chungking. It is understood that the
weekdays except Saturdays 2 to 3:30, or 4 p.m.; on present transmission is experimental only, but may
connected to the switch remain 15.13, Sundays from 10 a.m. to 1 p.m.; on 11.79, be put on a permanent basis if reception reports are
Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, from 4:55 to satisfactory.
closed and uninterrupted. 6:30 p.m., Tuesdays and Thursdays from 4:40 to Station XGXA, also located in Chungking, is now
6:30 p.m.; Saturdays from 1:45 to 6 p.m. and on being received as early as 4 a.m. on 6.975 meg.,
Mallory -Yaxley Type 2190 Sundays from 3 to 6:30 p.m.; on 11.73, weekdays despite numerous printed timetables which list a later
except Saturdays from 9:15 to 11:30 p.m. and on schedule. The powerful 35,000 watt transmitter
switches are also suitable for 6.04, weekdays except Saturdays from 7 to 8:30, or comes through with excellent volume until sign -off at
9 p.m. . . . According to the Universal Radio DX 7:20 a.m. The announcer of XGXA is female, while
meter switching on low and that of XGOX is male.
Club, the schedule for W9XF (6.1), Chicago, Illi-
nois, is Mondays through Fridays from 4 to 6:50 XGAP of Peking is still working on 9.56 meg.
medium power radio transmit- p.m., and 1 to 2 a.m.; Saturdays from 4 to 5:30 near 6 a.m., but is completely blocked by Germany's
p.m. and 1 to 2 a.m., and Sundays from 1 to 5:50 powerful DJA.
ters, and public address systems Station XTJ of Canton is again being heard irreg-
p.m.
where they replace with added VENEZUELA -The signature selection for YV1RI ularly on 11.7 nieg. near 4:15 a.m. after being silent
(6.21), Coro, is the Tres Colores Marcha; the infor several weeks. This transmitter is also used for
phone work near 7 a.m.
safety, conventional jack and terval signal is 5 marimba notes.
Amateur Reception Notes U.S.S.R.
plug systems. ALBANIA -ZA1CC (14.1) is being heard near The Siberian broadcast situation is again thrown
midnight. English listeners think this is an unlicensed into confusion. It was announced in this column
Italian using the ZA call to escape detection, since last month that RV15 had shifted from 4.27 to 6.04
no one has received his QSL or knows his QRA. meg., and for a time an additional frequency of
P. R. MALLORY & CO., Inc. BOLIVIA--Henry E. J. Smith, CP1AA of Casilla 6.80 meg. was used simultaneously.
669, La Paz, writes that the dispatching of QSL After a short trial, 6.80 meg. (which produced an
INDIANAPOLIS INDIANA almost unbelievably strong signal on America's west
cards has become such an expensive proposition that
Cable Address - PELMALLO he is forced to put the following limitations upon
those sending in reports to be verified in the future.
coast) was discontinued. Two weeks later, RV15 also
vanished from the 6.04 meg. wave and promptly re-
Report must contain sufficient information to check appeared on 4.27 meg.
Use satisfactorily with station log, most enclose an inter-
Then still a stranger thing took place. A few
national reply coupon, a self- addressed envelope and days later, a mysterious new Russian (perhaps RV59)
appeared on 6.03 meg. near 7 a.m. with a program
MALLORY
APPROVED RADIO
a card to be filled in by CP1AA in lieu of the
nary QSL card. Such letters will be answered imme-
diately.
ordi-
different from that of RV15. And to further corn -
plicate matters another new Russian appeared at the
PRECISION PRODUCTS DUTCH NETV GUINEA-Earl Roberts of In- same time on 9.52 meg. relaying the same program
as that on 6.03 meg. Both new stations announce
dianapolis, Indiana, writes that PO6ZA (6.425 and
11.355), is the commercial call for PK6XX of the only in Russian, and the 49 meter wave is hetero-
Archbold Expedition at Hollandia. These frequencies dyned slightly by Canada's VE9CA.
As we go to press, we note a reliable report stating
are usually used near 3:30 a.m.
FRANCE -Charles Guilbert, F3LG, 35 Rue Jean - that an unidentified Russian used a frequency of 6.49
Mermoz, Deauville (Calvados), France, reports he is meg. for a few days, before shifting to 9.52.
RAT 3
NEWS a Television
Data Book
CONTENTS
TELEVISION
3k2z!
RECEIVER CONSTRUCTION
To Those Subscribing for Radio News NOW!
RECEPTION AIDS The 1939 Radio and Television Data Book is crammed
from cover to cover with hard -to -get information of use
AMATEUR RADIO
to every radio enthusiast -no matter what his connec-
EXPERIMENTAL DATA tion with radio! It has articles of interest to everyone,
written in a simple, easy -to- understand, concise manner.
SERVICING It tells you how to build all kinds of radio apparatus,
how to get best results in short -wave reception, includes
AND ENGINEERING NOTES
useful experimental data, and has many charts of vital
SOUND EQUIPMENT interest to every radio man.
There are over 160 illustrations, charts, hook -ups and
STATION LISTS diagrams, over 70 different items and articles, covering
all phases of radio! See the list of contents at left for
BEGINNER'S SECTION
a complete picture of the wealth of information in-
cluded in this book. Then, mail the coupon today, while
our limited supply lasts!
NOT FOR SALE!

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Enclosed find $1. Send me the next six issues of RADIO NEWS and rush a
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check here .)
Name
ACTUAL SIZE 8" x 11"

Address
OVER 160 ILLUSTRATIONS

City State
If you are a serviceman please check here D.
Evidently the Soviets are conducting extensive ex- actually JZK (15.16 meg.) which sends a fine signal
perimental broadcasts, and it is impossible to say to the United States at this time.
whether the present set -up of 4.27, 6.03, and 9.52 Although JZJ is still being used for the Overseas
meg. will be continued. It does appear, however, Broadcast directed to this region between 9:30 and
that the super-powered RV15 will continue to operate 10:30 p.m. reception here has been very erratic dur-
WHOLESALE RA- on 4.27 meg. from 10:00 p.m. to 8:30 a.m. daily. ing the past few weeks. At times. reception is ex-
DIO COMPANY LIM-
ITED, TORONTO, CANADA [Ed. note: RV15 is still probably the most powerful cellent during this broadcast, but on certain occasions
-offers YOU their brand new 1939 overseas station now being heard on the Pacific it has been all but impossible to pick up the station's
catalogue FREE! Ninety -two pages Coast.] signals. Several reports indicate that JZJ is not
chockful of everything NEW in radio for Siam always audible from 5 to 6:30 a.m., although JVP
1939. If you service, build, sell radios, or A new Siamese broadcaster is now working on 6.11 (7.51 meg.) is usually excellent at this hour.
operate an amateur station in Canada-you'll It has been re- Station JIB (10.53 meg.) announces in English
save MONEY EVERY WAY when you buy meg. from 5 to 7 a.m. irregularly.
from WHOLESALE RADIO. All- inclusive ported on Monday, Wednesday, and Saturday with at 6 a.m. daily "You will now hear the news in
listings of short wave sets, parts, ham gear, fair volume, but call letters have not as yet been English from the radio station in Taiwan."
kits, test equipment, sound systems, books A strong Japanese phone transmitter works on
tools, accessories at AMAZING
PRICES! Nationally known merchandise
lightning fast delivery. Write TODAY to
LOIFW
- ascertained. Programs consist almost entirely of re-
corded music with announcements in Siamese and
French at about 10 minute intervals.
about 6.32 meg. irregularly near 10:30 p.m.
Indo-China
WHOLESALE RADIO COMPANY Japan The powerful signals of Mexico's XEWW have
LIMITED -Dept. E.R. -1133 -1137 BAY Despite the fact that the Broadcasting Corporation been causing considerable interference with Indo-
STREET, TORONTO, CANADA. of Japan's time schedule lists only JZJ on the daily China's Radio Hanoi, on 9.51 meg. XEWW hetero-
5 to 5:30 p.m. transmission, the carrying station is dynes the Hanoi transmitter until the latter leaves
the air at 6 a.m., thereby rendering reception from
PARASITIC the trans- Pacific station all but impossible. Radio

Hanoi also works on 11.90 meg., but is usually very
weak on the higher frequency.
OSCILLATIONS
that at
reduce efficiency and output desired 10 p.m. to midnight.
Australia
According to announcements, CLR3 (11.88 meg.)
is now on the air from 2 to 8 p.m., as well as from
At 12:15 a.m., VLR takes
over on 9.58 meg., and relays the ABC programs
radio frequency and introduce distortion in until 5:30 a.m. daily. and until 6 a.m. on Saturday.
phone transmitters, can be The higher frequency is very close to that now in use
by the French TPA3 (commencing at 11 p.m.), but
eliminated with a Ward Leon- as yet the Parisian broadcaster has not caused any
ard Parasitic Suppressor. serious interference.
For full information send for Late Western Tuning Tips
Circular 507. CZECHOSLOVAKIA. Station OLR4B of Prague
(11.76 meg.) has been heard on an unannounced
schedule near 7:15 a.m. with a woman announcer.
WARD LEONARD This is one of the strongest Czech transmissions to
reach the Pacific Coast at the present time.
INDIA. Stations VUC2 of Calcutta, VUD2 of
PARASITIC SUPPRESSORS Delhi, and VUM2 of Madras (on 4.88, 4.90, and
4.99 meg. respectively) seem to be getting stronger
every day. All three of these broadcasters may now
be tuned in with surprising volume near 5 a.m. daily.
WARD LEONARD ELECTRIC COMPANY, VUC2 continues to hold up well until after the Eng-
47 South Street, Mount Vernon, N. Y. lish news broadcast at 7:15.
JAVA. A new and unidentified Javanese broad-
Please send me FREE " Circular 507". caster is releasing programs of native music on about
6.04 meg. near 5 a.m.
Name MISCELLANEOUS . Our listeners tell us . . .
that KZRG (9.50 meg.) which was heard near 5 a.m.
Street for several weeks has left the air for a short time,
and that KZRM (9.57 meg.) is completely blocked
City and State by W1XK of Springfield, Mass. . . . that ZHJ of
Penang, Straits Settlements, is improving with win-
ter atmospheric conditions, but is still quite weak on
Call Signal 6.08 meg.. working from 3:40 to 5:40 a.m. . that
a new Nicaraguan broadcaster YNRS of Managua

now operates on 6.75 meg. until 8:30 p.m. daily
that Chile's new CB960, working on a frequency of
Do You Know How 9.60 meg., and testing until 8 p.m. irregularly, is
one of the strongest South American stations to be
Easy it is to Keep Your
Shop up to the Minute FEwS,41. N,0 heard on the Pacific Coast at the present time . . .
that Cuba's COCQ has again shifted frequency
-in
-
WHp USE WOOL
IOU this time to 8.83 meg.
interference . . that
another attempt to avoid
CSW of Lisbon, Portugal, is
COHpoSE
.
with Latest High now reaching the western states with surprisingly
Efficiency Test BE WI' good volume on 9.74 meg. This is the first Portu-
Rpp10M BuSy 61V1 ,RppKp guese broadcaster which has ever succeeded in reaching
Equipment the ... KEEp ALL

EAR ,e.
America's western coast with a truly satisfactory sig-
nal. Maximum volume is attained between 5:30 and
6:00 p.m. . . . that an unidentified newcomer has
NATIONAL UNION been heard several times on 11.41 meg. near 5:30 a.m.
WAY? EQBIPMEt This is probably the new Chinese XGRV of Chung-
king.
141:iA Early A.M. on 31 Meters
HERE'S WHAT YOU DO: With the great improvement in a.m. reception from
the European transmitters, the 31 -meter band is now
Select the equipment you almost as crowded during the early morning hours
3 want. as the 49-meter band is during the early evening.
small
2 and Sign a National Union tube
/or condenser
ing agreement.
purchas-
A Order a
quanlity of N a -
tional Union tubes
For west coast fans, strong stations are now au-
dible on almost every available channel. XEWW of
and /or condensers Mexico City is extremely loud on 9.50 meg.; Radio
Place a small at the time you Hanoi of Hanoi, Indo- China, is fair on 9.51 meg.
deposit which sign the agree- until 6 a.m.; the new Russian transmitter is fair on
will be re-
funded to you
ment.
9.52 meg. until 7:30 a.m.; ZBW3 of Hongkong,
as a merchan- China, is good on 9.53 meg. until 7 a.m. daily, and
disecredit Apply your
when your 5Jmonthly purchases of
regular until 8 a.m. Saturday; VPD2 of Suva, Fiji Islands
purchasingis tubes and condensers is good on 9.54 meg. from 2:30 to 4 a.m.; YDB of
agreement against the requirements Bandoeng, Java, is fair on 9.55 meg. until 7:30 a.m.,
completed. of the contract. and until 8 a.m. on Friday and Saturday; WIXK
Come on! Build Customer Confidence of Springfield, Mass., is strong on 9.57 meg. het-
with NATIONAL UNION TUBES and erodyning Manila's KZRM; VLR of Melbourne, Aus-
CONDENSERS! tralia, is excellent on 9.58 meg. to 5:30 a.m., and
For name of nearest Distributor write- 6 a.m. Saturday; VUD2 of Delhi, India, is usually
very good on 9.59 meg. from 4 a.m.; but fades out
NATIONAL UNION RADIO CORP'N rapidly after 7; ZRK of Johannesburg, South Africa,
is surprisingly good on 9.61 meg. near 7 a.m.; and
RN -239 NEWARK, N. J.
JFO of Taihoku, Taiwan, is fair on 9.62 meg. until line accuracy and reading against an
7:15 a.m. Commercial Freq -meter anti -parallax indicator, for all except
Treasure Island (Continued from page 37)
Construction is now under way on the powerful above 5 meter amateur bands. Cali-
new short wave broadcasting station whirls will be bration covers 324 of a full circle,
located on Treasure Island in San Francisco Bay. cycles, the top end of the 5 meter band. with low frequency bands at inside and
The new station will be a feature of the 1939 Expo- This is quite some accuracy, while high frequency bands at outside. This
sition, and will operate on 9.55 and 15.33 meg. from
9 p.m. to 3 a.m., Pacific Time. It will be the only using WWV for calibration setting, its gives a maximum effective scale length
regular short wave broadcasting station in the west- accuracy of 1 cycle in 5,000,000 multi- of 217/8" for the outerscale, which is
ern United States. plies to any error of only 12 cycles at devoted to a vernier scale of 500 divi-
Treasure Island will also be the setting for the 60 megacycles. To this must be added
1939 International DXers Convention from July 11 sions. Accurately readable to one -half
to 14. Further details will appear in this column the accuracy of the operator's zero - division, each band may be accurately
at a later date. beating of the frequency meter against read to 1 /1000th part, and even more
Last Minute Flashes the standard frequency signal. This closely with a little care, by virtue of
NEW ZEALAND. An unconfirmed report has been may be quite small indeed, and, even the long dial scale length.
received stating that a New Zealand station announc-
ing as 2ZB or 2Z r; is working on the low frequency allowing 20 cycles against WWV at This main dial may be operated by
of 3.48 meg. Sign -off is at approximately, 4 a.m. 5,000 kc. still gives an error of only 240 its center large knob, or for precise
PHILIPPINES. KZRM of Manila has an alter- cycles at 60 megacycles. With such ac- setting by the 10 to 1 vernier reduction
nate frequency of 11.84 meg. which may be used in curacy the instrument to be described
the near future to avoid interference with WIXK of knob at its lower right. To the lower
Springfield. may safely be relied upon for setting right is the on -off switch and head-
INDO- CHIVA. Station announcements indicate a transmitter within 500 to 1000 cy- phone jack, with input coupling
that Radio Hanoi of Hanoi. Indo -China is also on cles of the edges of the 5 meter band through the small jack at the upper
the air from 9 to 11 p.m. tin addition to its early
morning broadcast I. As yet. no reports of this eve-
in the hands of a careful operator, right. The small knob and dial at
ning transmission have been received for either 9.51 and, in proportionate harmonic rela- lower left are the zero -setter, or cali-
or 11.90 meg. tion, much closer in the lower fre- bration setter. By first setting the
RUSSIA. Another new and unidentified Soviet quency bands. [Operation of 'phone
broadcaster has been heard several times on approx- main dial to any standard frequency
imately 9.41 meg. near 2 :30 a.m. and again near signals is not now permitted that close station signal and then adjusting the
6 a.m. to the edge of any band. Ed.] Such ac- zero- setter knob to zero beat, calibra-
SUMATRA. The latest schedule from Medan in- curacy assumes calibration check tion is automatically made accurate
dicates that YDX is now using 8.09 meg. for daily against WWV, measurement of trans -
transmissions which conclude at 11 p.m. YDX also for the entire range. Despite a very
still operates on 5.17 meg. from 5 to 7 a.m., but is matter frequency, and recheck of cali- high order of stability, no reliance is
often blocked by United States airport stations. bration against WWV. Accomplished placed upon such stability, and never
BURMA. The British owned and operated station within a couple of minutes, this check should be in precise frequency meas-
in Rangoon, Burma, has evidently increased power.
and is now being received in all parts of the Pacific and double -check eliminates any pos- urement, over long periods of time.
Coast with good volume. Signals are strongest just sibility of drift or change in the fre- Calibration should be definitely
before the sign -off which usually takes place at ap- quency meter itself, and gives a very checked and set with the zero -setter
proximately 7:08 a.m. The announcer states that a precise order of frequency measure-
frequency of 3.49 meg. is also being used simulta- before any period of use. Yet the sta-
neously with 6.007 meg. Programs consist almost en- ment indeed. bility is such that the frequency meter
tirely of recorded music. and all announcements are The frequency meter -monitor has a will hold zero beat with a standard
in English. 7 Y." chromium dial calibrated to hair- frequency signal for many hours at a
PRESENTS, ,
-(44l. N E W
Mq MURDO SILVER
ENGINEERING TRIUMPHS
DUAL DIVERSITY FOR EVERYONE PRECISION FREQUENCY METER

Diversity reception is the only effective means known of The law requires that every amateur station shall regularly
eliminating fading and its accompanying noise in reception. check and measure transmitter frequency. Frequency meas-
Heretofore the very cheapest of diversity receivers has cost uring apparatus is required to be external to transmitter fre-
many hundreds of dollars. quency control. For precise frequency measurement a stable
Now, through a new invention of McMurdo Silver, GUTH- and dependable frequency meter -monitor is indicated.
MAN exclusively offers the new McMurdo Silver Diversity GUTHMAN is proud to offer the precision frequency meter
Coupler. Simply and easily connected to any good communi- and amplified monitor illustrated above, and parts for its
cation or broadcast receiver, and requiring nothing more construction.
than a second antenna at right angles to the regular receiv- This instrument provides features heretofore available only
ing antenna, it automatically and noiselessly eliminates in precision laboratory equipment. Designed for precise
fading. measurement, it offers 73/4 ", 324 degree dial accurately
Available as a kit for only $16.80 net to amateurs, or calibrated for 5 to 160 meter bands, zero adjuster for use
$22.20 factory wired and tested with tubes, the Diversity with 22 precision calibration frequencies regularly available,
Coupler has been described by RADIO NEWS as "THE radio A.C. or D.C. operation, stabilization of electron coupled
invention of 1938." For an insignificant cost it turns any oscillator, and monitor detector -amplifier.
good set into a dual diversity receiver
commercials could afford up to now.
...
such as only the It is styled to "dress up" any station, priced extraordinarily
low, designed for precision work.
WAIT ... WATCH! Something new in communication receivers wil be offered by Guthman early in 1939. Designed and built
by McMurdo Silver to commercial construction standards, giving an order of efficiency quite
I
extraordinary, and boasting features and

performance worthy of $100.00 to $200.00 receivers, it's worth waiting for Style and appearance to make your mouth
price will delight you. Don't buy a new receiver until you see the Silver Super at your jobber, or write water .
Dept. 402 for full details.
See your jobber or write tor full

details on these and an out-
EDWIN I. &CO.,INC. standing line of quality r. f. and
i. f. transformers, fixed and vari-
able condensers and other parts.
402 S.PEORIA s CHICAGO, U. S. A.
time, and easily for 24 hours and more.
The stability is obtained by an elec- The Video Reporter
tron-coupled oscillator circuit consist- (Continued from page 9)
ing of a very wide- spaced, Steatite -in-
sulated, ball- bearing tuning condenser, pensively priced (sells around $99.00),
high -Q 15/41 Litz inductance wound it is well designed and compact. It em-
on low temperature -coefficient Stea- ploys a five -inch electrostatic deflec-
F R O M S E A R S N E W tite form, and a padding or "swamp- tion type cathode -ray tube, and the
A ing" capacity of low -drift silver - video receiver utilizes 16 tubes in all,
R A D I O C A T L O G
plated -on -mica construction com- which includes 5 of the new type 1852
pletely ceramic -sealed. All are housed high -transconductance tubes. The
in a tightly closed metal box. This power supply employs one 5Z3 and one
box provides a "dead air" mass around 879 high voltage type rectifier.
FOR AMATEURS the frequency determining circuit
which effectively resists temperature To Be, or Not to Be?
changes. In turn, enclosed inside the IS television right around the cor-
Silvertone outer cabinet 91/2" high, 101/2" long ner ? ? ? As previously stated we
and 6" deep, the effects of external in common with many others believe
12 -Tube short -duration temperature changes that it is. Yet it is rumored that one
Receiver such as might affect stability are ef- executive associated with the business
fectively eliminated from the tuned end of broadcasting has expressed his
$845
The finest radio of this type we have ever
circuit. Stability is further assured
by running tube heaters continuously.
opinion that it will be four years hence
before any appreciable number of New
offered. Also a complete selection of Halli- The heating elements maintain tem- York City homes are equipped with
crafter Receivers. perature within narrow and stable television receivers -due primarily to
range well above ambient tempera- lack of suitable programs before that
ture. time. What is more, this same rumor
FOR EXPERIMENTERS The fundamental range of the oscil- has it, he has placed a wager that the
lator is 850 to 1030 kc., so that it may end of 1940 will still find television so
be checked directly against the signals much in its infancy that not one home
Meissner 3 -Tube of broadcast stations tuned in on the out of a thousand in New York City
Radio Kit receiver--or even directly upon the will be equipped for television recep-
frequency meter in the case of locals tion. And New York is supposed to be
$368 for it is in itself a receiver. Har- the ringleader in this new art. The
funny part of it is, this bet was
monics of this range cover 1700 to
Contains everything nec- 2060 kc. thus including both new and snapped up by another man who has
essary to build an effi- old 160 meter amateur bands. Through been identified with the technical end
cient little radio receiver. Also many other
new set builders' items that will interest the use of a 43 power pentode as oscil- of the game for years.
you. lator, it can both be run in the fre- If the experts can't agree among
-- - quency stable range well below maxi- themselves, where does that leave Mr.
FBR sERVICE
MEN
-y mum rating, and at the same time put
out husky harmonics right down into
John Q. Public?
the 5 meter band. Coupling is to the Stubby Videotron for Lower Cost
Triplett plate of the 43 electron coupled oscil- THE National Union Radio Corp.
I200A lator, in itself forming no part of the just made an important announce-
oscillator circuit, and additionally iso- ment of a new improved type of cath-
Multimeter lated by a small 3 -35 mmfd. adjustable ode -ray television receiving tube, the
$2335 coupling condenser which may be so
set that external coupling will not af-
size and design of which should ma-
terially lower the cost of televisors. It
Also listed in Sears fect oscillator frequency. has been designed by Marshall P.
new catalog are 79 other Triplett, Read - To be fully useful for measurement Wilder, television engineer of the
rite, and Supreme testers. Available on
-^-
Sears Easy Payment Plan. of received signal frequency, a high - above company.
gain pentode is used as beat -note de- The tube is considerably shorter
tector- amplifier, and is coupled to the than the earlier 9 -inch screen models
PUBLIC ADDRESS isolated oscillator plate circuit; thus permitting the use of more compact
may the user measure not only his own cabinets and direct "off- the -screen"
transmitter frequency, but the fre- viewing. Also, the image is reproduced
Silvertone 20 -Watt in black and white tones preferred by
Public Address System quency of signals heard upon his re-
ceiver. This detector -amplifier is the many television enthusiasts.
pentode section of a 25A7G dual tube, Mr. Wilder has nicknamed the tube
its diode being the power supply recti- "Stubby" because of its shape in com-
fier. A.c. -d.c. operation is provided, parison to the earlier 9 -inch models.
We feature
not in the interest of cheapness, but in Offering the same size picture as the
the finest old 23 -inch -long tube, the new Video -
s o u n d
equipment
order to obtain the best possible sup- tron measures only 16 inches in length
for schools, ply voltage regulation. Omitting the -approximately the length of the
churches, usual power transformer, which al-.
etc. present tube with 5-inch viewing
ways introduces some regulation prob- screen.
lems, operation is direct from the
_
power line, with only the B supply New Streamlined Antenna

filter and rectifier tube as factors to THE new RCA-NBC unique stream-
impair regulation. By isolating the lined television antenna marks a
power line from the metal cabinet, the revolutionary engineering advance in
possibility of shock usual to user sim- telecasting antennas. Mounted on top
Write today ultaneously touching a grounded metal of the Empire State Building in New
for catalog
RN8132L, care object and the chassis is eliminated York City television signals are now
of Personal being launched into space from its
Service Dept., completely, and the frequency meter
cabinet may be directly grounded. torpedo-shaped radiators.
SEARS, ROEBUCK AND CO.
Chicago RCA engineers say that the device
overcomes a technical bottleneck in the against line voltage variations. solely by the crystal circuit and selec-
transmission of television signals by An exclusive feature of the HQ- tivity can be varied in five steps, from
departing from the use of wires or 120-X receiver is the new crystal filter 1/4 to 2?4 kilocycles (all measurements
their equivalent in pipes or masts in circuit, providing a complete range of at 10 times down). This means that
various arrays. The new device is de- variable selectivity from the maximum anything from excellent single -side-
signed to radiate television waves over band -width of the set to the usual band c.w. selectivity to a band width
a band -width of 30 megacycles a sec- razor-edge selectivity of ordinary that permits not only completely un-
ond without accentuating or "peak- crystal filters. It has heretofore been derstandable but good voice and music
ing" the energy contained in any seg- the practice in receiver design to vary quality is obtainable, all by virtue of
ment of the band. In engineering overall selectivity by varying the this innovation. With the crystal cut
terms, the transmission characteris- coupling between i.f. stages, but once out the normal selectivity is 31/2 kc. at
tics of the antenna is "flat" over a 30 the crystal is switched in the selectiv- 10 times down. Selectivity variation
megacycle band. ity becomes fixed or nearly so, as de- is accomplished by a six position
The desirability of creating such an termined by the crystal. If the crystal switch on the front panel, the crystal
antenna (which is still so new that it circuit is designed to provide most ef- being in the circuit in five of these po-
has not yet been named) was realized fective selectivity for c.w. operating it sitions. This circuit is not to be con-
in the first field tests conducted on the is proportionately less effective for fused with other so- called "variable
present experimental standard of 441 phone and vice versa. But in this new selectivity crystal" circuits.
lines to the picture. Antenna designs design variable selectivity is provided N
existing at that time were found in-
sufficient to handle the desired band-
width. The new device, in contrast,
will accommodate six times the de- Full tuning range
sired band coverage. 9.7 to 555 meters
When this antenna problem was pre- (31 -.54 mc.)
sented some months ago, it was erected
by a research group under N. E. Lin -
denblad of the RCA Laboratories at
Rocky Point, L. I. With them worked
R. K. Gallup, E. D. Thorne and L. A.
Batterman, as well as G. L. Usselman,
whose specially designed test trans-
mitter made possible vital observa-
tions.
The radiation components of the new
antenna consists of two "doublets" for
the picture signal and four "doublets"
for accompanying sound. Both anten-
nas are energized through concentric
feeders in a common vertical shaft.
HQ -i2o
Interference between sight and sound
signals is eliminated by calculated ar-
with 409e
rangement of the two antennas and by
using the equivalent of a closed loop
for the sound channel and open radia- CRYSTAL FILTER
tors for picture signals. INTERFERENCE in
The electrical measurements in- HETERODYNE
crowded short -wave broadcast and ama-
volved in the new structure are as pre- teur phone bands has been one of radio's great-
cise as the specifications for a watch, est problems. It remained for Hammarlund
engineers to develop a satisfactory "full range" "HQ -120" selectivity curves.
yet in service it must withstand the
rigors of the elements at its precarious
perch. The antenna includes electrical
crystal filter applicable to reception of both voice
and music. The use of this variable crystal filter
for phone reception allows the operator to phase
CI:I:CC' rararaeiiii
heating units to prevent the formation out annoying heterodyne and splash -over inter-
of ice, which would enlarge its effec- ference and still bring in vocal or musical pro-
irr
i,r.
tive physical dimensions and detract grams with marked clarity. The phasing con-
from the perfection of its perform-
ance. The entire structure is topped
by a lightning rod.
The radiating units nearest the top
trol is located on the panel just below the
selectivity switch. No longer is it necessary to
wait for an interfering station to sign off or
fade out in order to enjoy the program or get
the announcement of call letters of some distant
iIi1iIIIili
C
si: 1un,,/
Mt. iNI
are for sound signals, and consist of transmitter. See curves at right.
u1
mo\ma1\m /mII
a unique type of doublet, which dou-
bles back on itself. The four together
form a complete loop.
There are many other exceptional features
that make the new "HQ -120" an outstanding
buy for 1939. Consider how many times short IItlTII1i
i..,....
\ I//
wave reception has been made impossible due
to automobile ignition interference and similar
A New Receiver disturbances. The "HQ -120" has a highly effec- ------ t....,.tt,.
----------
rsararartaranur. ur+a.raarar rarara
tive noise limiter for just such occasions. Over
m lee/6
eatsie
y, MI
(Continued from page 35) 310 -degree band -spread, with dials calibrated in R1 i1I/IM
megacycles; special antenna compensator for im-
discussion employs a type VR-150 reg- proved signal-to-noise ratio; accurate "S" meter
ulator tube in the plate supply circuit. for measuring signal strength; beat oscillator;
Its function is to keep the oscillator A.V.C.; phone jack, and 10 permanent magnet
plate voltage constant regardless of dynamic speaker make the "HQ -120" a receiver
variations that may take place in you'll be proud to own.
0 2 aJ N ! q
either the line voltage or the output Write Dept. RN -2 for l6 -page booklet KC OFF RESONANCE
voltage of the power supply. The reg-

ulating facilities of this tube are like-
wise applied to the meter amplifier
HAMMARLUND MFG. CO., INC. ,iw
tube to maintain the accuracy of the
424 -438 WEST 33rd ST., NEW YORK
signal strength meter readings even CANADIAN OFFICE: 41 WEST AVE., NO., HAMILTON, ONT.
Visual II-Dieter Transmitter Efficiency

(Continued from page 14) (Continued from page 16)
mitter. In the 5 meter position the overlook these possible sources of in-
trimmer condenser only is used to efficiencies unless they practically
EASILY AND jump right out at him. The writer
cover the band. Set the selector
ACCURATELY switch to the off position which will remembers only too well a metal clad
disconnect the padders and tune the plate blocking condenser mounted on
trimmer to a 10 meter signal. Advance a metal chassis without benefit of
Use the New the regeneration control to the point stand -off insulators. Without a means
where the tube breaks into oscillation. of measuring the output, the writer
OHMITE Tune for a whistle which will give
a reading on the output meter and
rested snug in the satisfaction of a
job well done because the tube appar-
Model D -100 then readjust the trimmer for maxi- ently was doing its stuff, until a pool
mum indication on the meter. Now of compound dripping to the stage be-
any variation in the signal will change low indicated that about half the tube
DUMMY this beat note or whistle and will like-
wise change the reading on the output
output was melting compound instead
of going up the feeders.
meter. Remove phones. Visible proof of losses may not
ANTENNA The above procedure is followed for always be so apparent. There is no
doubt that the difference in the plate
the other bands and the initial adjust-
(Patents Pending) ments are made by adding additional current reading between the loaded
capacity from the selector switch and and unloaded conditions gives a fair
-And Get More Output Per Dollar its associated padding condensers. A indication of the presence of losses,
shorting type switch must be used so however, several factors (tube char-
you know what output you are actually
Dogetting or can get from your transmitter? that as the switch is rotated, the con- acteristics, bias behavior) involved
Now, for the first time, you have an easy, ac- densers will add to each other in make it practically impossible to esti-
curate, direct way to measure the R.F. Power of capacity. mate the probable efficiency. It is not
your transmitter, so you can tune it up to peak A total of five positions cover the intended in this article to more than
efficiency-while at the same time you avoid creat-
ing interference during periods of tuning-up and 5- 10- 20 -40 -80 meter bands with the border on the many possible sources
adjustment. * This new Ohmite Model D -100 capacities shown on the schematic of inefficiencies in r.f. circuits. Prac-
Dummy Antenna Resistor is a unique non- induc- tically all amateurs have handbooks
tive, non- capacitive unit, in a glass bulb with a diagram. Each variable padder has a
four prong steatite tube base, and mounts in a capacity range of from 10 to 70 mmfd. and other sources of information on
standard tube socket. * Has practically constant The 40 and 80 meter bands are tuned the subject treated with far more
resistance up to and even beyond 15 megacycles. thoroughness than could be employed
Transmitter power is easily determined from R.F. with a higher capacity than would be
Ammeter reading. * Available in 73 ohm, 600 reached with the padders alone so in an article of this type.
ohm, and other resistance values, to match con- additional capacity is furnished by the I have endeavored to show, however,
centric, twisted pair and open wire lines. * Rated that a simple means of measurement
at 100 watts. * Easily groupen for increased fixed mica condensers as shown. The
power capacity and other required resistances high C. greatly adds to the stability of power will enable the amateur to
List Price $5.50 of the monitor. see some tangible proof of his efforts
In actual use with a low power os- to improve his transmitter antenna
10 GOOD WAYS TO IMPROVE YOUR RIG
SEND TODAY for FREE BULLETIN 111 cillator it was founa that a short piece and stages. As a matter of fact, even
of wire about one foot in length of- if the final amplifier had proved to be
fered sufficient pickup to the monitor 80% efficient in the first place, there
OHMITE MANUFACTURING COMPANY is a great deal of personal satisfac-
even though located some 10 feet
4840 Flournoy Street, Chicago, U. S. A.
away. Do not use too much pickup as tion in knowing what the actual fig-
Send me Free Dummy Antenna Bulletin 111 to do so will block the monitor signal. ure is. Then, too, 90% efficiency is still
telling about 10 ways to improve my rig. worth trying for and not at all unat-
The extreme sensitivity of the meter
Name makes it important that the case be tainable.
grounded to reduce body- capacity ef- Because the dummy load can be
Address
fects. A vernier dial in place of the used as an accurate indicator of r.f.
City State knob shown will further add to the power, additional uses other than the
RN-2
operating ease and precision adjust- determination of efficiency alone be-
ment. come apparent, for example :
In conclusion it is well to repeat (d) Determination of the op-
that the monitor reads changes in fre- timum setting of all
quency in cycles and is therefore fast coupling devices for
RHEOSTATS RESISTORS TAP SWITCHES maximum transfer at the
reading if this condition takes place.
nominal impedance (im-
READ
AND
SEND CODE
Learn Easily at Home This Quicker Way
No experience needed. Beginners read code
A frequency change of but a fraction
of one kilocycle will cause the needle
on the output meter to drop to zero
if care is taken in properly setting the
pedance matching) be-
tween stages.
This is solved as follows. Regard-
less of what the efficiency of the stage
quickly. copy accurately. If already an op, speed regeneration and trimmer controls.
up your wpm with this approved amazing all Elec- The users of this instrument will be being measured is, there will be one
tric .Master Teleplex Code Teacher. Only instru- amazed at the drift in their trans- setting of the coupling device (link
ment which records your sending in visible dots
and dashes on specially prepared paper tape -then mitters, but it can safely be said that or otherwise) which will give the
sends br roue own key work at any speed you
if the monitored signal stays on the maximum reading of the r.f. amme-
proof -
wish. Fascinating, fool-
gets results be-
cause you learn
by
meter in any position above 0 reading,
that no change will be recorded at the
ter representing the best impedance
match between the stage and the load.
HEARING as well as Any other load having the same im-
SEEING. That is receiving position. [Grand Island Sta-
why thousands agree tion is the exception, hi, Ed.] The pedance as the dummy will also be
this method is surest matched perfectly with this setting.
and quickest. While n o t designated standard meter should not be relied on for exact
equipment, Teleplex is used at many U. S. Army edge -of- the -band transmissions. (The chances are that the grid and
Posts, Naval Training Stations. We furnish Com- plate circuits of the stages being cou-
plete Course, lend you the New All Electric Master 30
Teleplex. and personal instruction with a MONEY - pled may have widely different im-
BACI: GUARANTEE. Low cost, easy terms. Write pedances both between themselves and
today for folder R.N. -2, no obligation.
TELEPLEX CO., 67 -69 Park Place, New York
NEXT MONTHS the coupling method. Reference here is
In Canada write:
CANADIAN ELECTRONIC INST., TORONTO, ONT.
CeA SPECIAL RECEIVER" made to the actual link circuit itself
Febr'uar'y, 1939 RADIO NEWS Jj
which is generally used and which has as well. As a matter of fact, if the
been found guilty of losses even in match was poor in the determination 325 -Watt Traii'o eaidder
short lengths of 6" or so.) of the amplifier efficiency and should (Continued from page 31)
Consider Figure id as a typical case. happen to be improved upon when the
Generally the output of the driver can line was brought in to the system, an into a line of 500 ohms, which is cable -
be measured at point BB although if increase in overall efficiency might be connected to the 2A3 input circuit in
the coupling coil itself is suspected of the result. The above possibilities the modulator section of the trans-
losses the output can be measured at would also apply to previous measure- mitter. The volume indicator on the
point AA as described in previous ments made on the link coupled stages front of the preamplifier provides a
paragraphs and at point BB after the described in the previous paragraph convenient means of checking the level
optimum setting for maximum energy under (d). of modulation with a gain control
transfer is made. A decrease in indi- [Next month the author concludes readily available for close, quick ad-
cated power at point BB with the this interesting subject with a com- justment. Examination of the sche-
same plate input would mean losses plete explanation of different dummy matics will show how the various units
in the coupling system itself. The antennas and their application towards are interconnected.
plate input would, of course, be re- improving the radiation efficiency of The pictures show clearly the place-
ferred to again as it may have been an antenna. This applies to receiving ment of components and the schematic
reduced through wrong adjustment of as well as transmitting antennas. Ed.] diagrams how they are connected.
the coupling coil and less power at
point BB may be due to this reduced
plate input rather than losses. The
comparison between plate input and
power output must always be made
before any conclusions can be made
as to losses occurring. Repeating the
power measurement at point CC will
allow calculation of losses occurring
in the line from point BB to point CC,
again referring to the plate input be-
fore definite conclusions are made. The
same procedure can be followed for
further information in
(e) Determination of the ef-
ficiency of the transmis- and thousands of radio Dealers,
sion line between the Servicemen, Amateurs, Sound
Men and Experimenters agree!"
final amplifier and an-
tenna.
After the final stage is adjusted for "180 pages of real values like
maximum output (say e.g. on a 73 I've never seen before -all in
ALLIED's free 1939 Radio
ohm dummy load) suppose we substi- Catalog!"
tute a 73 ohm concentric line and as
place the dummy at the far end which You never saw a radio book as complete
you Every-
would normally attach to the antenna. this ALLIED Catalog. It shows
AC,
thing in Radio -at prices that'll really open
Without readjustment of the trans-
mitter the r.f. current at the trans- Sensational new ble-
your eyes! You'll save hours ofwith
and plenty of
l939 Catalog! 'That's
money
what Everyone
-
time and trou-
ALLIED'S
in Radio
mitter should be approximately the models -as low as $6.95 is saying, because the ALL Iitems ED Catalog is
values -62 new -all at the
same as with the dummy. Likewise, -advanced features ! New `.'Piny radio
packed with over 14,000 ALLIED is the 100%
lowest prices, because
the plate current and plate voltage. Knights," 1.4 V. battery 1t and auto to for Radio House, selling radio exclusively, serving
AC -DC, 32 Volt, 4 to 16 tubes -all economi-
On a poorly regulated plate supply, Models from the radio world quickly, efficiently,
Catalog today -it's
guarantee! cally. Send for ALLIED's Book
in the event of a plate current change, backed by Radio's strongestcombinations,
e2.c -all not only Radio's Greatestof wise,-it's the Buy-
value -minded
plate voltage will also change. phonographs, ll
record rtl
low
player
to br
ing Guide for thousands
radio men
If there are any appreciable line priced exceptionallybigger profits Ilg you I
greater savings and

losses the current will be progressively
less out to the end of the line where
the dummy is attached. The current
measured at this point is the current NEW
in the dummy and the power is calcu-
lated as before. The difference be-
tween this figure and the previous P. A.
figure determined at the transmitter W'KITS...H AM GEAR .TESTERS
would be the approximate line losses, Giant Ilan
providing mismatches have not oc- Knight Sound Systems,
Revolutionary
-
and deluxe
n ew
8 to 65
models.
ginneion -
Radio's largest
ginners Rit
Be- Section -new -
est Ilallcrart-
e r s, National,
All lea
lines of Isbe
checkers, set
it i n g
curred which may alter the efficiency watts, in standard job (see illustrpower Photo Cell Hit., II am in arbmd. tester, analyz-
New 30 watt mobile Booster Electric Fence Howard Thor - ers, eseillo-
of the amplifier itself due to several Electric Guitar Amplifier,
most complete line Control -100 dia- darson, Utah, graphs- Itidov,
the grams and Prot- CT.C.. S a r - SuUrnrc. Ti
reasons. This loss figure then may not Stage. etc. Also, in any radio cata- ecis! Free rarts- ge.nt e q u i p- e t t, Iteadrite,
of recording equipment Lists. etc.
be strictly true since the line losses log! nientI
are in part due to insulation resistance over 100,000 letters
which in effect shunts the dummy and ALLIED
IT'S A FACT! Dl 1938acc atel, personallY.Thats 20 million
t bot
words,,l h
lowers the nominal resistance of the tof Son size volumes.-And we're prepared to answer more in 1930!
fill SO standard
whole system. ALLIED Radio Corporation
If the plate current or voltage Send for Dept. -B -9 I
changes appreciably, this is due to 833 W. Jackson Blvd., Chicago, Ill.

Send nie your 1939 Radio Catalog.
mismatches and /or appreciable dis- F REE
tributed capacity entering into the Catalog! Name
system. Any change in plate current
or voltage means that the efficiency Address
of the final amplifier will alter and City State

the figure for line losses may also in-
clude a change in amplifier efficiency
which it maintains evenly until mod-
Television Course ulated, whereupon the voltage rise in
(Continued from page 8) each sideband varies with the im-
RECEIVERS TRANSMITTERS TUBES pressed signals. In the television trans-
TRANSFORMERS CHOKES CON- Quite a few factors entered into the mitters and receivers, it is so arranged
DENSERS RESISTORS METERS TEST
choice of 441 as the correct number of that full black (of the picture) will be
scanning lines; any less than this did at 75 to 80% of maximum amplitude.
EQUIPMENT RACKS AND PANELS not give satisfactory detail from a The remaining 25 or 20% is to be used
DIALS PHONES MICkOPHONES complex scene, while more than this for synchronizing pulses. Thus, all
TRANSMITTING ACCESSORIES created serious problems. Important, variations in the image transmitted
however, as will be shown later, the are taken care of by variations in car-
number has simple factors and can be
had by multiplying odd numbers
3x3x7x7. This enters into the genera-
- rier voltage from zero to 75 or 80% of
maximum amplitude.
Since we have full black at 75% am-
tion of synchronizing signals at the plitude, anything that may be done
You can't afford to transmitter. with the other 25% would not be vis-
pass op these typical Which brings me to the all-impor- ible on our Kinescope, and it is here
VALUES! tant matter of synchronization. Most that we put the synchronizing pulses.
TERMINAL of the devices, and many of the prac- At the left end of the upper half of
W ell tices, essential to successful transmis- Figure 5 we come into the middle of
TRANSFORMERS!
:dl gitar.ulleedl
known make. sion of images were developed many the fifth line from the bottom of the
At both stores! months, and even years, ago. Video picture of one field. As illustrated, it
PLATE TRANSFORMERS transmission is very similar to sound is going from dark to light (sloping
Rated in D.
C. collages
out of transmission insofar as modulation, down). The narrow upright pedestal
ware rectifier:
approximately
side of center
A. C .
tap.
Irolller.,rare
-
envelope, detection and amplification shown represents the last 15% of this
are concerned the Iconoscope and line, at the right edge of our trans-
p_1_ 650 or 500 v.0
P- 2-12250 or 1000
V. (
Y. Or 300 mU.
200 nla.5 3.10
500 ma. 9.95
8.95
P-3-1800 or 1450 Y. 0 3110 ma. 11.25
-
Kinescope tubes have been in labora- mitted picture. What is called a
tories quite awhile but until RMA "blanking pulse" is injected which im-
pooled the ideas and plans of the vari- mediately jumps the carrier to full
p-4-2500 or 2000 ous experts, and set standards, every- black. In other words, we do not "see"
(' 200 ma.. 7: 5.95
0
l'-5- 1110Y.
Y. 0?
15111110.
one had his own favorite ideas for syn- the last 0.15H on each swing of the
FILAMENT TRANSFORMERS10 slop'.
chronizing -and receivers could not be Kinescope beam.
}.1 -2.5 v. CT Ga
insulation ..51.30 built with any assurance that their The narrower extension on the top

7500 volts
1, 13 amPS... synchronizing systems would match of the pedestal is the ."horizontal syn-
F-2-5.25 s. CF 0 3
.85
amp:-
F-3- G.3 v. CT
amp... 1.55
CT 0 8 those of a nearby transmitter. chronizing pulse," whose job it is to
At first thought, it would seem that swing the traveling Kinescope beam
V.
1,4--7.5
Radiogram'.
Send for "Terminal the speed of the scanning beam in a back to the left for the start of the
s free.'
receiver's Kinescope could readily be next line (4th from bottom) while a
set to the speed of the scanning beam condition of full black exists. This
in the transmitter's Iconoscope, and horizontal synchronizing pulse starts
one could sit back and forget them. 0.O1H after the front edge of the
Unfortunately, this does not work out blanking (full black) pedestal pulse.
VISIT THE in actual practice. So accurately must It lasts but 0.08H in time, then the
these two electron beams function to- voltage drops back to the blanking
TERMINAL STORE gether that it is necessary to inject a pulse level for 0.06H more, and, at its
synchronizing "pulse" into the signal end, we are starting the 4th from the
NEAREST YOU! not only at the end of every 1 /60th- bottom line of the picture. This cycle
second field, but also at the end of continues through the last line of pic-
TA3RML\AL every 1-13230th -second scanning line, ture.
and then make provision for the sep- You will note a vertical broken line
aration of these pulses from the video identified as "Bottom of Picture -Field
c/Crl-ea!is! signals in the receiver. A." This is the bottom edge of that
To use the language of the RMA which is visible; our electron beam
STORES IN NEW YORK CITY Recommended Television Standards will continue swinging but the final
80 CORTLANDT ST. 68 WEST 45th ST.
Report, I will, hereafter, refer to the 15 to 22 lines of the field will be
Cable Addr1.: TERMRADIO
length of time required from the start blanked out or black. The recom-
of one line to the start of the next mended standards say this period,
line in a field as "H," and the time known as "vertical blanking" shall be
Read RADIO NEWS 25c required from the start of one field to 0.07 to 0.10 of the time of one field
the start of the next as "V." These (1 /60th- second) which is, roughly, 15
(e oscl!!TCPl; times are, of course, 1/13230th- second to 22 lines of our 220% per field.
`J and 1 /60th- second respectively. With the Kinescope held black, six
To see how they are used, I now narrow pulses, termed "equalizing
Bud Name Plates refer to Figure 5. The upper half il- pulses" are introduced. They are 0.04H
lustrates the television signal covering wide and spaced at 0.5H intervals, be-
111'0'0 line of nameplates have been revised to in-
clude all receiver and transmitter controls. Plates the bottom edge of the picture in one ginning 0.O1H after vertical blanking
;lie reverse -etched on aluminum with a black satin
background. Partial list includes: scanning field ( "A ") and the top edge began. Three of these are, in effect,
REGENERATION GRID CURRENT
of the following field ( "B "); the lower horizontal synchronizing impulses to
R.F. GAIN
A.F. GAIN
ANT. CURRENT
XTAL CURRENT
half of Figure 5. portrays the signal keep the beam horizontally synchron-
PRESELECTOR MOD. CURRENT during transmission of the bottom ized; the three marked "M" are neces-
BANDSET
PLATE CURRENT
VOLUME
SILENCER edge of the second field ( "B ") and the sary to assure proper interlace in the
Only 5.06 each net at your jobbers top three lines of what would be a receiver, and their action will be de-
BUY BUD -THE BEST FOR LESS third field ( "C"). This is necessary to scribed in article three.
show the differences in pulse arrange- The vertical synchronizing pulse,
ment, which explain how interlacing which comes next, requires the time
is accomplished. 3H. It is composed, as shown, of six
As in voice transmission, the carrier 0.46H pulses and six serrations or slots
BUD RADIO, INC. provided for video transmission has a which are 0.04H each. It should be
CLEVELAND, OHIO definite amplitude (voltage maximum) noted that the front edge of the ver-
tical synchronizing pulse and two of TELEVISION RECEPTION TECH-

these serrations (0) correspond in their NIQUE
P. D. Tyers BRUSH
timing with the horizontal synchron- Sir I. Pitman & Sons. Ltd.
izing pulses. The other three (N) are THEORY & PERFORMANCE OF THE
necessary to make identical the ver- ICONOSCOPE HIGH LEVELER SERIES
tical synchronizing pulses of odd and V. K. Zworykin, G. A. Morton & L. E.
Flory
even fields (see the vertical synchron- Institution E. E. Journal-Jan. '38- MICROPHONES
izing pulse directly below in the fol- May '38.
lowing field). TELEVISION INTERMEDIATE FRE- Range in price from $22.50 to $32.50.
QUENCY AMPLIFIERS
While these slots are shown with E. W. Engstrom and R. S. Holmes New Brush headphones.
vertical sides, because they are so Electronics Magazine -June 1938 Write for your Brush catalog today.
small in the illustration, the sides are A LABORATORY TELEVISION RE-
really sloping, so there is a slanting CEIVER
Donald G. Fink THE BRUSH DEVELOPMENT COMPANY
fall on one side of each slot equal to Electronics Magazine -Sept. and Oct.
0.0051I in time, and a slanting rise on 1938. 3311 Perkins Ave., Cleveland, Ohio
the other side of 0.005H in time. That [Next month the author continues with
is only 5 /1000th of 1/13230th of a sec- Part 2 of this interesting course. -Ed.]
ond, but these slopes are necessary -30 Read RADIO NEWS 25c
that a wave of the proper form be sup-
plied to the deflecting circuits of the
receiver's Kinescope. J
4mtha44 /1 Se'weme,zY
While the vertical synchronizing
pulse has now thrown the Kinescope
beam back to the top of the picture
for the start of another field, there re-
main six more equalizing pulses, which
must be present for the same reason
as was the first group. A series of
horizontal pulses then follows before
the vertical blanking is removed, and
the picture is resumed. The number
of such pulses at this point may vary
IVE iIOE!
from approximately six to thirteen and
this will not affect reception, except
that it shortens the height of the pic-
Sid/4V/ WARD 5
ture by an infinitesimal amount if
more are used. At the point marked
1939 RADIO
"Top of Picture -Field B" the vertical CATALOG
blanking ends and slightly over four
lines of the next field are shown. VERYTHING
The lower half of Figure 5 is sim-
ilar in its cycle of pulses to that of SOLD ON
the previous field, but certain features
should be stressed. Note that the last TIME
line of Field B (odd field) is not com-
plete when the vertical blanking be- PAYMENTS!
gins at the bottom of Field B's picture.
These are (presuming 30 lines of
blanking per frame) lines 407, 409 and
411, and their timing must be /2H 1
"off" in relation to those above in 64 Pages of the

Field A (even field) which are 406, Finest Nationally
408 and 410. At the right end of the Advertised Amateur
lower illustration, a half video line is Equipment, Sound
indicated following the finish of ver- Systems, Servicemen's
tical blanking, whereas above it, a equipment, all at low
full video line is shown. In the upper prices that only Wards tre-
drawing, these top -of -field (B) video mendous facilities make pos-
lines are 1, 3, 5, 7, etc., while below, sible -and everything offered
these first lines are 2, 4, 6, 8, etc., of an on Wards liberal Time Pay -
ment Plan. Take the first step
even field (C).
When the fact that an aspect ratio toward saving money today
mail the coupon at once for
-
of 4 :3 is recommended to conform with Wards 1939 Radio Catalog.
existing motion picture practice" is
added, we have concluded our review
of the more important introductory
features of television. This quoted sen-
tence simply means that the height of
the picture shall be 3/4 the width, re-
MONTGOMERY WARD
"9 GREAT MAIL ORDER HOUSES 580 RETAIL STORES"
gardless of size of Kinescope used. Please rush me Wards FREE! MAIL THIS
Montgomery Ward & Co.
For Additional Rending 1939 Radio Catalog. COUPON NOW! Dept. RN -23
Chicago, U. S. A.
ELECTRON OPTICS IN TELEVISION
I. G. Maloff and D. W. Epstein
McGraw-Hill Book Company Name
ELECTRONIC TELEVISION
George H. Eckhardt Address
The Goodheart -Willcox Co., Inc.
TELEVISION WITH CATHODE RAYS
Arthur H. Halloran City State
Pacific Radio Publ. Co. L. .1
rent drawn. I use a 1 ma. panel type
100 -Watt Transmitter Weston, with a shunt in the audio
(Continued from page 27) chassis, and the meter leads brought
out to the meter which is placed di-
SUN RADIO also offering protection when any ex-
citation failure occurs. Since the
rectly in front of the operator.
The AMC circuit should function
HAS IT !
Class "B" modulators use simply two
flashlight cells, the bias supply shown
is entirely satisfactory for all the
without any trouble or adjustment.
With the AMC switch in the off posi-
tion, apply a steady audio input tone
other needs of the rig. It is also a (with the whole rig operating, and
handy source of 200 volts for any spe- feeding a dummy antenna). With gain
cial needs around the shack. control open wide, drive the modula-
The modulators and the Class B tors up to 200 ma. or so. Then throw
transformer are slightly oversize for in the AMC, and the modulator cur-
the 100 watt final input, but this is a rent should drop down appreciably, for
wise choice in this case. First, it 200 ma. will be enough input to very
means long tube life, and less possi- definitely over -modulate 100 watts
bility of poor quality due to over- final input. If the circuit does not
loaded equipment. Also, the final in- work properly, check the voltages
HAMMARLUND put may be increased to 150 watts and
still be modulated easily, without
across the various portions of the
voltage divider, which supply the bias
HQ 120 AMATEUR AND PROFESSIONAL overload of any component. The bias for the control tube, and the rectifier.
for the 809s is supplied by one or two Crystal Oven
COMMUNICATIONS RECEIVER 1.5 volt flashlight cells, which need
Always among the first to present Radio's newest de- only be replaced at long intervals. A feature not usually found in small
velopments, Sun Radio again makes a scoop y pre - layouts is a self-contained crystal
setin this amazing new c
It took Hammarlund two years to develop the HQ -120. When operating on CW, one switch
It will take you about two minutes to decide
that this is what you've been looking for! on the panel turns off the unnecessary
oven. It is evident in the top view of
FEATURES
filaments, another shorts the Class B the r.f. unit, as the large black box
Covers ra
5n5nuotsr nge
frotmps31 to .54mc
transformer secondary, to prevent in the left back corner. It holds four
Individual tuning c uits for each band to
assure highest efficiency on ach hand.
310 degrees band- spread for each amateur sudden voltage surges, due to the final crystals, and maintains the tempera-
band.
High gain R.F. stage with its antenna com- plate current changing rapidly. ture to within about two degrees Fah-
pensating control provides maximum image
rejection. Power Chassis renheit.
Model HQ -120 standard. with 10" "PM"
Dynamic Speaker .. ....$195.00 list The chassis carries three power sup- The outside is a shield can, about
Model HQ -120x Crystal with 10" "PM"
Dynamic Speaker .. .... ...... 215.00 list plies, for the entire r.f. unit and for 5"x5 "x6 ". This is lined with a double
In stock for immediate delivery. Write today Inc lit- layer of Masonite, to prevent exces-
erature, complete data and amateur net prices. the modulators. They are all quite
conventional, and require no particu- sive heat leakage through the walls.
SUN RADIO COMPANY
-2 New York, N. Y. lar comment. Four sockets are mounted through the
Fulton St.
212 Dept. RN
The switching arrangement may bottom for the crystals. A 25 watt
seem a bit complicated, but at the ex- electric light is used for the heater.
pense of a few toggle switches, com- The thermostat is taken from a cheap
dial type thermometer. It is soldered
QUICK, EASY MEASUREMENTS
SENSATIONAL HICKOK "JUMBO"
- plete flexibility is achieved. The first
switch on the panel lights all fila-
ments. The second is a master power
to a bolt, screwed into a small insu-
lator having a threaded hole in each
end, and fastened in the center of the
control, turning on whatever units are
VOLT OHM MILLIAMMETER set up on the following three switches. base, between the crystals. A short
with 9" METER So any combination of exciter, final, piece of stiff wire is mounted on an-
and audio may be selected, and then other insulator, and pressing against
controlled by the single master switch. the extended portion of the thermos-
The power transformer for the final tat forms the other contact. A 6.2
r.f. has a tapped primary, permitting volt flashlight bulb, on the panel, in-
variation of the voltage from about dicates when the oven is operating.
500 to 650 with choke input filter. By If the contact on the thermostat is
using condenser input, the voltage kept clean, this oven will give excel-
may be raised to about 720 volts, at lent performance.
00 milliamperes final, and 80 ma. to The combination of an untuned,
the 807 plate. low current oscillator, and a crystal
The value of screen dropping re- oven permits a signal of unusual sta-
sistor for the 807 will vary with the bility, both during transmissions, and
plate voltage applied, so I suggest a from day to day. even with x -cut units.
variable, about 30,000 ohms maxi- Keying
mum, and adjust with the highest This transmitter may be keyed in
voltage applied, to give not over 250 any of several ways, to suit your par-
volts on the screen. Otherwise climb- ticular preference. The 6C5 oscillator
ing plate current will be encountered. may be keyed when using crystal,
For the Class B plate current, a with no appreciable chirp. Keying the
WIDE COVERAGE -AC -DC Volts, DC Microam- well damped meter should be used, so 6C6 is very satisfactory for both crys-
peres, D.C. Milliamperes, Resis-
tance, Decibels, Output. Highly sensitive movement.
Scale over 7" long, easily read from any angle. Rugged. as to better indicate the average cur- tal and ECO. 30
HICKOK built thruout. Exceptionally low plice for COIL TABLES
high quality instrument. ECO cathode coil, 13 turns, 1" diam., close wound, tapped at 3rd turn from bottom. Wire is No.
Mail coupon for full information. 18 enamel.
HICKOK ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENT CO. Coil: Freq.: Turns: Diam.: Length: Link Turns: Wire No.: Form:
CLEVELAND, OHIO L1 7 me 23 1.5" 1.5" 18 yes
L2 14 11 1.5" 1.5" 16 yes
HICKOK ELEC. INSTRUMENT CO.. La 28 4.3 1.5" 14 yes
10403 Dupont Ave., Cleveland, Ohio L4 7 -14 17 1.2" 1.3" 14 yes
Gentlemen: Send information on "Jumbo' L4 14 -28 9 1.2" 1.3" 2 14 no
Volt Ohm Milliammeter L4 28 -56 4 1.2" 1" 2 12 no
L5 7 36 1" 1.2" 3 20 yes
L5 14 22 1" 1.2" 3 18 yes
Name L5 28 12 1.2" 3 14 no
L5 56 8 j" 1" 2 14 no
Address La 7 28 2" 2.5" 4 14 no
Ls 14 12 2" 2.5" 3 12 no
L6 28 6 2" 2.5" 3 12 no
City &.State L6 56 4 2" 2.5" 2 10 no
HARRISON Within Earshot

HAS IT (Continued from page 4) REAL. Shed_ team
The New Hammarlund So far we have had a great many
HQ -120
An FB set at a reasonable price. They're
radio-minded persons in attendance.
The exchange of views has brought
RECEPTION
selling fast-so place your order with us about more than one idea which has ..With.
now for earliest delivery.
HQ-120-$117.00 appeared here, and we hope that more
HQ-120-X-$129.00 and more of you will avail themselves R. F. STAGE
(A $5.00 deposit will bring you any
receiver.) of the chance to come and talk things
TIME PAYMENTS to suit your conveni-
ence . on anything!
. .
over with us.
It is this means that we use to keep
CRYSTAL FILTER
in touch with our readers and get
WORLD TIME CLOCK their reactions to our various pro-
A practical necessity for every Amateur
and Short Nave Listener. 24 hour scale. grams. We are "at home" from 8 p.m.
Direct reading of local time, GMT, and until the last fellow leaves.
local time in all time zones of the world. * *
No charts! For 105 -125 volts, 60 cycle. *
Specially priced at less than an
ordinary electric clock! $3 29 TWO columns continue to suffer
-P
through lack of material. The
The McMurdo Silver "Hamchatter" is conspicuous by its ab-
sence, and the serviceman never
DIVERSITY COUPLER writes in. We can use copy on both
Factory wired and tested -$19.95 subjects. Send it along with pictures.
Set of tubes -$2.25 * * *
Since 1925 Bill Harrison, W2AVA, TO THE READERS of GY's column:
has been supplying radio equipment Please send in your photos of in-
to Amateurs in all parts of the world. teresting shots taken on ship-board or
My personal attention to your wishes, of yourself. Jerry tells us that he will
prompt safe delivery, and sincere
desire to keep your good will make publish all that he can. It is up to the
it worth your while to deal with me. commercial ops to make the column
Write to me whenever you want up- the best in the biz!
* * *
NEW MODEL
to -date information and the newest
of equipment. MR. LEE WARD writes in as fol- 438
73, lows "Dear Ed I don't know
: :
Bill Harrison, W2AVA what the servicemen want me to write 8 Tubes

HARRISON RADIO CO.
about ... and I don't know why they
do not want to send in their pictures 4 Bands
12 West Broadway, New York City of their shops for publication....
Won't you please jack them up on To 7 meters
this ?" We think Lee has something
there. You servicemen who have spent
hours on end fixing up your shops, complete with
why not send us a photo so that we tubes and speaker
ar Lib ryrLan-
can in turn tell the world and show JUST EXAMINE THESE FEATURES:
the readers how you did it. They would Ceramic Coil Forms R.F. Stage on All . .
be interested, we know. And on the Bands

.
Separate Coil for each Band

-
. .
Xtal
other question, let Lee know what you KC Filter Complete Band
. Coverage 540
. .
43 me Electric Band Spread with .

would have him discuss and you'll vernier control
. .
43 million miles the in- 2 -Stage Iron Core I.F.

credible carrier wave came, from the Accurately Calibrated Slide Rual Dial
probably see his expert opinion on it 8 Tubes .
planet Mars, bearing a radio mes- Provisions for a 6 -volt Power
.
sage to the radio amateur. In good in an early issue. Supply Band in use Indicator
. B.F.O. .
faith, he gave the Martians infor- * * * with Pitch Control 2 Watts Power Out- .
mation. Read this thrilling story of put Built -in 6" Dynamic Speaker
.
WHILE it is not the habit of RADIO Head Phone Jack - Doublet or Marconi . .
NEWS to stray too far afield Antennae Connections . Provision for Ex-
THE RAID FROM MARS ternal Speaker .. REAL professional perform-
from the technical side of radio, still
.
ance at the remarkably low price of $49.95.

By MILES J. BREUER in this day and age, any publication Our new Model 438 will bring joy to those
radio enthusiasts who have been looking for
that closes its eyes to a national situa- good short wave reception particularly in the
tion such as the present investigation 10 meter band at a price they could afford.
of the broadcasters by the F.C.C.,
would not be serving its public. We dlaw.ahcL
Radio J'2142cal* servicemen, experimenters and ama- .11u2, abz_ wawa.
teurs, who are the backbone of the in- This big brother of the world ienouned 430
lacky Doone, gang- dustry, not only because from our will certainly earn its place in the heart of
the jury
land killer, sneered as him.
seemed destined to acquit Then ranks spring the engineers of tomor- the critical professional, amateur and short
wave listener.
the prosecutor set up what looked row, and the inventors of the future, *Pacific Coast and Export Prices Slightly Higher
like a radio set . . . but don't fail
to read but because most of us have either our AMERICA'S OLDEST RADIO MANUFACTURER
hobby or our business tied up with
For Complete Technical Infor-
TRAPPED BY TELEPATHY radio, should be keenly interested in Yrh0Q, mation Send This Coupon or
By EANDO BINDER what is now going on down at Wash- JJJ See Your Jobber.
ington.
These radio stories, and many other ab- Briefly, and to review the situation, HOWARD RADIO COMPANY
sorbing articles in
there is an investigation into a so- 1731 -35 W. Belmont Ave., Chicago, III.
called monopoly of certain broadcast Please send me complete technical
iu1
Av
STORIES
Ililili'lll!l'lllllllll,
chains. The basic foundation for op.
posing such a monopoly is that the air
over these United States belongs -and
information on Model 438.
My name is
rightfully so -to the people. What Street Address I

MARCH ISSUE NOW ON SALE will be uncovered remains to be seen; City State -
but the theory on which the investiga. CABLE ADDRESS: "Howardco" w
tion is being made, to our minds rep-
resents the highest form of democracy. NOW! Ir. G. Gain's
Chairman McNinch of the F.C.C. in-
sists that the frequencies that the
METAL TUBE
broadcasters use belong to the people ALL ELECTRIC AIR. SCOUT
and are only loaned to the broadcast- Only Set
ers. In a speech, he has indicated that of its kind
those who use these wavelengths have in
accepted a unique responsibility. He the world
pointed out that the radio is the great-
est social power on earth today and U. S,
2,085,256.
Patent No.
Operates
must be used here in furtherance of o A.0 or D.C. Self-
Contained Power Sup-
democratic ideals. This of course, is Rear View Showing New Metal Tubes ply
the direct antithesis for what the dic- POWERFUL-Many Air Scout owners report reception from England,
Germany, Spain. Rome and other foreign stations. Wonderful short
SIGNAL tators use their radios, and it must wave reception. Broadcast reception on indoor aerioL Police calls. code.
MILLION GENERATOR be said that if the honorable chairman TUBES -
aerlane and Trans -Atlantic hone conversations, NEW METAL
GREATER EFFICIENCY. Four plug-in coils er 10 to
200 meters. Extra coils for Broadcast Reception, also special Long Wave
nit. Operates several headsets simultaneously.
unit. Speaker on strong
Does everything. Cov-
ers 6 bands, AC -DC, succeeds in uncovering a monopoly, Complete, Assembled Kit, with Instructions and picture
100 - 25.000 K C .
Forty inches of scale. T that there will be a radical change in diagram, and all four short wave coils, ready $395
to wire
Direct reading. Lab-
oratory type dual re-
t i v e attenuator.
the granting of wavelengths, etc. It is Set of Matched (510) Metal
Stparate audio a t-
Laubls-
not so much the monopoly that is bad, Tubes
Special Long Wave Unit w.
Coil
$149
.95 Earphone (Single)
Broadcast Coils (Two)
.50
$1.00
ndtiv duallyome
braced. as the chance that such a monopoly Special Combination Offer-Assembled Kit, metal $750
tubes, all coils including Long Wave Unit. earphone
MILLION RADIO AND TELEVISION LABS. could be used to embarrass the gov- Above, Custom-Built. Wired and Laboratory Tested. ready to use $1.00
extra.
577 No. UNION ST. CHICAGO, ILL. ernment or to foist un- American 'isms N. G. CISIN, Chief Engineer, allied Engineering Institute
Dept. R -5 9S Park Place, New. York, N. Y.
on the people without a chance of
check.
We of RADIO NEws commend the
careful following of the Washington
investigation to all our readers, and
specially to those of them who are
radio amateurs. We can see the hand-
writing on the wall that there might
be a shake up in the present set -up
of the amateurs too, so that the tail
would not be always wagging the dog!
* * *
We wonder what the ensuing year
has in store for the field of radio.
BCNU!-W9QEA.
Filter Choke Resign
(Continued from page 29)
netic path of 9 inches, it is found that
Ghirardi's NEW-
the ampere turns per inch are 690 or
RADIO
MODERN 71 +. Consulting the iron curves sup-
plied by the steel manufacturer, it is
found that the iron used in this choke 7Theid-
will have an a.c. permeability u of ap-
SERVICING proximately 300. Using this a.c. of 1.4 Sloprei4
300 in the following formula, we find
This is the big book
that gives solid
theory yod need to
background yofutheoe Test Equipment the inductance to be 22 henrys. HANDBOOK
Don't be a one-handed service
do- intelligent radio service work Case Histories man. Supplement THEORY with
today. It's the "Serviceman's Book A 420-page rectim niv- .41rtN2AKt10_8 ready - to - use short -nuts-supplied
of Knowledge" . . . a huge com-
pact storehouse essential facts
ALL the facts. Here's -here
i you the whole theory
and construction of every
type of test and servicing
equipment. Diagrams,
L- Trouble yymptoms and
remediess 3,313 ts,
compiled from actual
service
you by Ghirardi in quick -find tab-
ulated r quick-
You'll get
this brand n e w HANDBOOK in-
in
of
servicinlearnethods -all aboutctest- n , etc.. Q F. Peaks practical servicing- invaluable,
and repairing as practiced to- Where dispensable bench -data you'll use
dagy by leading radio service or- Over 15,000 for
as often as your tube- tester.
ganizations. Trouble- Shooting
254 pages of latest short-
.4a- = 1.257 m.m.f. Steinmetz factor alignment a sup,r-
12.000listings
ciodins11939 models and Practical Job Data

Stop fiddling!
Fundamentals Made Plain its in tracking down all or conversion factor "orphans." Stop guessing!
Stop
Ghirardi gives you a quick,
kinds of receiver trou-
= permeability
A.C. Auto -Radio goingsSolver
to Ghirardi. the eNto. } It
in the radio world.
v i v a d, indelible picture of the
bles. GeRatio Di-
Problem-
You can pput him to work in your
N = Turns of wire
f
jobs
whole servicing field. Things you Repairing rections f Tuning aCo- for this
lyi $a, the mice f gger,
never qute understood before will
become as clear
This
of hours of o invaluable
to
oryou
fully
profitably!
l
"2 and 2."
add thousands
e experience
o n -show you how to do
quicker, better.
Without it. you're ac-
v short-handed. With it, you're
it instantly
for anything!
184
repair
es
thods superhet
alignment; interference
elimination; etc.. etc.
1300 pages
706 illustrations
A = Area of core in centimeters
K, = Stacking factor of the iron
(manufacturer's rating)
Q = Length of magnetic path in
trls of all sets; Installa-
tion and Car Ienition
Systems
Data for all
limination instructions
E,Speciallnterferencc
for over 80 ar models;
Electrical Wiring Dia-
grams;
and ever 30 other
keep
thop
he
wo -fisted,
it;
qq ok on - the - ei
bandy handbook. But you need
be a cent out of pocket! Either
the
or you return it for
o
book-AT ONCE!
and
money back. You can't lose,
OVER 500 PAGES

not
you a profit and You
so
send for
Get it charts and Illus.

MONEY.BACIC iGUAR-
ANTEE!
Centigrade tables! 134
Standard Manual -
Centimeter = 2.54 inches Size (81/2x11)
By using these formulae and the
facts here presented not only can the
Ox,
enginering student and serviceman re- M(i nN
wind old burnt -out chokes, but special NAZIE Ri1
chokes can be made where none are CITy
available commercially. The greatest 1 Ple.sse
sendfreefi
ta:e.' ..
use can, however, come to those de- - -
sirious of checking manufacturer's

specifications. Ask for wire size, num-
ber of turns and thickness of insulat-
ing paper and determine for yourself Servicing is a job for 2 HANDS
Servicing is a job for 2 HANDS if the choke will do the job you want
USE THEM! Get Both Books TODAY it to. 30 USE THEM! Get Both Books TODAY
THIS man This isMr.
TELEVISION Serviceman's Experiences

started wood-
craft with a scroll
saw. Now he has an
J.N.E.otC% ..
BeverlyBllls"-ry(,y,
;riiy
,
Is i-'
a cup of his analgesic coffee, but
NEEDS CAMERAMEN! stopped with one foot on the pave-
up -to -date shop in his
basement and makes
Yn
Some of the biggest profits in the new ment. An unshaven man, dressed in beautiful furniture
field of television will be reaped by camera- arctic clothing, lurched out of Ken- of great variety.
men. They will have to be both radio nedy's Alcoholic Recreation Room,
technicians and photographers, able to see, made a wide semi -circle from the
pose, light and frame pictures. Learn from swinging door, went off the sidewalk
Oliver Read's article in POPULAR PHOTOG- and up again without noticing a
RAPHY what the requirements for these new change of level, and came to rest by
jobs are. seizing a lamp -post.
PHOTOGRAPHY IS EASY "Run away from me, will you ?" I
heard him mutter. IT'S the chief pleasure of thousands of office
No matter what camera you own, workers, the hobby of leading business and
whether it's a simple box or an elaborate I recalled my foot and closed the professional men. In the basement of many a
miniature, it can take good pictures -if only door of the car. Drunks have a way palatial home, the owner works along quietly,
you know how to operate it. of singling me out with a refractory unbeknownst often to his nearest neighbors.
The simplest way to learn -enjoying eye. To them, no matter how I am BY following Craftsman's detailed and
fully every step and without the slightest dressed, my sedate bearing is sym- simplified "instruction sheets for beginners,"
using only a saw, plane, chisel and hammer,
effort on your part-is by reading bolic of vested authority. The drunk, you can make this week your choice of a beautiful
inattentive to the curious audience lasting piece of furniture (as shown in catalog).
which circled him, took a long whip A beginner
can make
For example:
from his belt, and snapped it in the this Upon getting detailed in-
middle of the street. structions, a beginner
can make in one or
"Mush!" he shouted. two evenings a ma-
Then he saw me, and walked toward hogany or walnut
card table. When
the truck. I stepped on the starter, Superb make
finished compare it
THE LEADING PHOTOGRAPHIC MAGAZINE put it in second, and held the clutch inisye your OWO with any similar
,,'Ried design using table sold at stores
Chock full of fascinating, entertaining, in readiness for a quick start. My by us any wood you for
$15 to $20 ! (And
heart was beating so loud I had to complete in addition yours
cbooee ;inlay-
instructive photographic features, it tells ed by yourself
will be unique, noth-
you how to get results with your camera. look at the ammeter to see if the mo- exquisite
fancy l this at a
ing quite like it for
imported cost to you of
Don't miss these stories. tor was running. It was, but the woods. sale in any store.)
lees than 00.
stranger, walking in my line of flight, So, likewise you can make stools,
IN THE CURRENT ISSUE: prevented me from taking off. chairs, bookcases, hall clocks, piano benches,
sofas, a musical instrument, etc., etc., (or
COLOR FOR THE AMATEUR. Victor Kep- He came alongside, opened the off- beautiful scroll saw pieces). Marvelous for
pler, the famous photographic illustrator, shore door, and stood with his heavy :-
tired nerves you are busy making some-
thing worth while, something to last so all
surveys the essentials of color photog- boots two feet apart. troubles are forgotten. Relief from worry.
raphy. "How things panning out, podnah ?" Light bodily exercise. Better sleep. Better
GOOD PORTRAITS. They are the goal of health. A joy while busy. -Woodcraft beats
he asked me, protruding a paw. "Put golf as a hobby ! A money maker too, in spare
every amateur. Two articles tell you how 'er thar!" time for thousands of men.
to get effective portraits by using proper
lighting and attractive backgrounds. I couldn't appear frightened with
PHOTOMURALS. An expert describes how
huge pictures, covering entire walls, can
be made from amateur negatives of aver-
the whole neighborhood looking on, so
I steeled myself and said, very firmly:
"I got witnesses!"
Write {-d Book
age size. "Sure," he laughed, "but you can't
take them with you. I'm going to EXPERTS : You, too, NEED
RELIEF PRINTS. An interesting article this new 1939 catalog and
tells you in detail how to make photo- drive you home with me. Move over!" buyers guide to keep up to
graphs with a three dimensional relief I slid over, and hoped Al had been date. 136 pages listing
effect. right when he told me never to be all kinds of wood-
workers supplies, in-
HINTS for posing models, equipping dark- afraid of a customer because I was cluding all standard
rooms, taking several kinds of unusual born for hanging. Ah, me! What at- American and many
pictures, building your own camera acces- traction have I for persons of low cul- rare, hard -to -find
sories, saving money and making money, American woods,
are part of the varied monthly fare of
ture and high odor? inlays, veneers,
When the car was in high, he hardwares,
POPULAR PHOTOGRAPHY. tools, many big
THE SALON SECTION presents outstand- cracked his whip every fifty feet, and bargains, also
yelled: "Mush!" He parked in front 235, yes 235 brand
ing photographs in beautiful rotogravure. new scroll saw pat-
In the Notes on the Salon Section you get of the Venus Arms -the swankiest terns, also new designs
detailed information on how these excel- apartment in our section, and said: and new ideas, e.g. 6 pages
lent pictures were made. "C'mon in -we'll rustle up food." on finishing explanation of in-
lay work, care of the saw, care of the
Although I was agreeably surprised
SUBSCRIBE NOW! to see he did not live in a cave, I was
brush, etc., Keep posted!
TAKE ADVANTAGE OF OUR in no mood to have hospitality rammed

down my throat. I edged toward the
Extra For Beginners:
(Craftsman Wood Service Co. figures
SPECIAL OFFER wheel furtively, but he took the keys
and grabbed my arm.
for you and supplies you for each job with
the exact woods you desire, American or fancy
6 Months for $1.00
(Regularly $2.50 per year) "Ain't seen you nigh onto a year - imported, exact hardware, all needed mis-
cellany, and, if requested, detailed directions,
measurements, etc., step by step. No trouble,
POPULAR PHOTOGRAPHY
608 S. Dearborn St., Chicago, Ill.
RN-2
Please enter my subscription at the special

got somethin' I wanna talk over with
you," he explained, pulling me effort-
lessly into the lobby. In his apart-
ment, he fell into a chair and laughed. I
---- - ---Isl
no fuss, everything made clear and ultra -
simple. GET STARTED ! Waste no more time.
Harold Hunt, President,
CRAFTSMAN WOOD SERVICE CO.,
y.
"Lee," he said, "your fright flat- 2602 South Mary St., Chicago, Ill.
rate of $1.00 (Foreign $1.50) for 6 months. IEnclosed find 10e. Send latest 1939 edition
Enclosed is $1. ters me! If you don't recognize me, of catalog and buyers guide D.
take a look at that radio." If you also want (free with catalog) be-
Name He was Peterson, a customer Al had ginners instructions, "How to start with
mark here O.
Address trusted for a $20 repair on the plea he Iwoodworking,"
would buy a better set from us when I Name 111
City State he got a job! I told Al at the time

NM y vvt va
LAddress
BIM NM 1=11 MINI NM
the fellow was nothing but a bum in
suspended animation, but he wouldn't
listen. Boy, what a chance to get back
at him, especially after he had jumped
on me for judging human nature!
12 WEEKS Here was no sweeps winner!
"Mr. Peterson," I said, sternly, "I've
afCOYNIE waited long enough for that money
you owe. I'm going to take the set
back until you settle. If you want to
Iwill4inance know why, drop into the shop during
a sober interval!"
your rainr.'ny
Mail coupon today for
The set was a large table model; I
all details of my plan disconnected it hurriedly and strode
whereby you can get out with it. Peterson didn't let out
training first and pay for Catalog upon request
it in easy monthly pay- a peep.
ments after your train- OLAR MFG. CORP., 599 Broadway, NewYork
ing pr p I felt so elated on the way back, I
- CODE RIGHT
LEARN
is over.. W L./mod stopped off to review the events of the
PRESIDENT
evening with Kennedy. "Give me a -
Always ready no weather terference
heats having, someone send to o you. Speed
'ball," I said. "Did I just put your rarme 3 to 40 W.P.M. Radio or Morse.
Actual Shop Practice Alaskan friend in his place!"
STANDARD with 10 tapes and boor: of
structions
JUNIOR with 5 tapes and book f
ot r nted) ....$12.00
$20.25
-
Here at Coyne you are "Yeh," Kennedy replied, "he puts on Mot
Complete oscillator equipment
trained on real equipment z. a great performance every time he battery ................. ess
by the famous Coyne" learn
expert instructors -
by doing" method -under
on a
v leaves here. By the way-he was ask-
RENTAL Standard with 10 tapes and
books f instructions $3.00 first
month, $2.2.5 each additional month.
With transformer and tube socket
wonderful outlay of re-
ceivers, transmitters. test-
ers and other Radio equip-
ment. No books, recitations
or useless theory.
z ing for you a few days ago -said he
wanted to buy a combination."
"That bum!" I said. "I wouldn't sell
25c per month more. With key and
head phones 50c per month extra.
$10 deposit or business references
required..
Wnte for details today.
co 1NSTRUCTOGRAPH COMPANY
ManyEarnWhile Learning him a bent needle! Why don't you Dept. NR-a
R
9 12 keside Place, Chicago, III.
trues for Canada:
I aid mystudents in find- keep him out Radio College of ,_ da, 863 Bay St., Toronto
ing a part time job by
an "What -my best customer ?"
which they can help pay
their living expenses o "Why not -if he's running the place TRIMM
down? I told him off quickly enough
while here. Send coupon
-used to be one of my customers, too, Commercial Headsets for
for all details. discriminating amateurs. Ultra- sensitive, light-
before he went to the dogs." weight, yet ruggedly constructed. The phone
Lifetime Employment Aid
After you graduate you get lifetime employment Kennedy laughed, and said: "Wish rar your rigs
Write Dept. R -22 for folder.
help and in addition to this I give you a lifetime
advisory and review service.
all my customers were like him. You TRIMM RADIO MFG. CO. 1770 .Bago 111 Ase 0
ELECTRIC REFRIGERATION know, ever since he got the lead as
Training Included Without Extra Cost sledge- driver in the hit play Frozen
This combination training (Radio and Refrigera-. Footsies six months ago, he stops in EVERYTHING IN RADIO!
tion) can be of great value to you. Whether you
go into business for yourself or get a job working every day to show his old friends suc- SOURCE FOR RA010 REEDS
for a Radio Sales and Service organization, the A COMPLETE
our immense stock
YOUR
of radia sels, parrs and
fact that you are trained in servicing Electric Re-
frigerators will be profitable to you. Many Radio
cess hasn't turned his head. He sets Bepbes
enables you to purchase your enure
ds on one order. You find all your di
manufacturers also make Electric Refrigerators 'em up for the house every time. too. Nationally Known Favorites in this big book
which is FREE lof the anong. Practically eye,
and men with this combination training are much
more valuable to these employers. You can NOW It 'maintains his artistic mood,' he order i shipped the s
WRITE FOR BIG NEW CATALOG

e day it received.
get this training without extra cost. ao says. He talks loud, pounds on the
GET ALLforTHE FACTS o bar, and cracks his whip, but doesn't BURSTEIN -APPLEBEE CO.
o
Send coupon today all details of my amazing 1012 -I4 McGee SS. Kansas City, Mo
plan where you can get training first -then pay touch the stuff himself. The other
for it in small monthly payments spread over an boys take the strong stuff, but he takes
12 month period starting 60 days after your 12-
week training period -Send coupon for details.
M -- - -- MMMMMMMM his from a special bottle I keep filled WRITE
II. C. LEWIS, President with black coffee." For catalog #40 . most complete QUALITY
.
line of low, medium and high power transmitting

Radio Division, Coyne Electrical School Kennedy glanced at me when I and receiving condensers and accessories.
500 S. Paulina St., Dept.29 -3K, Chicago, Ill.
didn't move or answer, and stopped
Dear Mr. Lewis: Please send me your Big FREE Book,
and details of your Pay- After -Graduation Plan. wiping the bar when he saw the ex- THE ALLEN D. CARDWELL
pression on my face. "Here, have a MANUFACTURING CORPORATION
Name 83 PROSPECT ST., BROOKLYN, N. Y.
chaser," he said. "You shouldn't use
Address the stuff if one drink hits you that
State
hard."
City Our 1939 catalog is chock full of
new Standard Brand Radios for
Home - Farm - Auto. Over 400
LINGZTAPHONE' QM)?
models. Also hundreds of Electric
Appliances for the home. Cele-
brating our 50th Anniversary with
Big Bargains. Write for your copy
THE MODERN WAY today. It's FREE.
TO LEARN A NEW MAKE heed from FCC release: Harry MODELL'S, Dept. G -25 Cortlandt St., N. Y. C.
W. Smith was found guilty on two

counts charging unlawful radio operation
in violation of Sections 301 and 318 of
the Communications Act of '34. On the
PHILCO PARTS
For Dealers and Servicemen
In your own home... quickly, easily first count he was fined $50.00 and on FAST SHIPMENTS made anywhere.
and pleasantly First you LISTEN. the second the court sentenced him to Genuine Philco Parts and Tubes.
.
be imprisoned for six months. Both sen- Send 10c postage for Philco
then you SPEAK French, German, tences were suspended. REPLACEMENT PARTS BOOK.
Catalogue sent FREE.
Spanish, Italian or any of 23 Languages. THIS may happen to you. On Zane WILLIAMS PHILCO, Inc.
Send for FREE book. Grey's Fisherman 2nd, the SW 806 S. Adams St. Peoria, III.
LINGUAPHONE INSTITUTE MOPA Xmtr was always troubled with

tubes. Oscillator tube was always low on
83 R. C. A. Building New York emission, with no plate voltage register-
ing. Still it radiated from the antennae.
Swapping tubes did not make any differ-
31,103talttrAlt
ence. After investigation it was found
LEARN ABOUT TELEVISION! that because the Osc was a gassy tube,
it oscillated enough to drive the Ampli-
10- 20 -40 -80 -160 335 P
Read the fine course of instruction fier, which was also a gassy tube. Con- METER BANDS
now appearing in RADIO NEWS!. tributed by JA Yurgionas, RO 1st. And BLILEY ELECTRIC CO., ERIE, PA.
we'd like to hear of your experiences!
TSK, tsk. "Boy, break out the towel."

Vidrine (JL) who brass -pounded his
way to a billet on the Kishacoquillas, is
' I
Triplett is the leading
manufacturer of v o t .
ohm- milliammeters, com-
bining 2% precision ac-
l
weeping the blues. An aunt dies curacy with economical

leaves him the pot of gold he buys
. prices.
a house and lot takes his YL out
.
biff, bang, boom .. no more dough.

.
34 LESSONS He's now looking for another berth

where he can rest and think about what
he should have done with the filthy
IN lucre ... well. we live and learn.
RADIO WERE giving a thought to publishing
AND a photograph and thumbnail sketch
of the men who have helped to bring
TELEVISION radio to the point where it is today. Men
in every field of radio science; radiops
who have been a credit to the profession;
including every one who has had some DEALER
hand in the advance of radio, technically PRICE
or operating. But we'd like to know your $31.17
choice for the first photos. So shoot in
your answers quickly!
AND so, me hearties. some more water

goes under the bridges, another new
year is born, new ships are coming off
the ways, new uses for radio are being
perfected and new plans for the better-
ment of working conditions, wages and
THE recognition are being promulgated. Are
you in the swim? Have you personally
"INSIDE" STORY advanced your position, knowledge or
ambitions? Sit down some evening and
ask yourself these questions. If you
Edition One, ten thousand copies, haven't find out what's the matter.
.
Like the youngster said, "Ya, can't send

GONE! Edition Two, GOING FAST! your ship out and then wait. Ya gotta
That's the record of "34 Lessons in Radio do sumpin' more. Pray for wind to blow
and Television" in a nutshell! And, it's her back." With that for a thought,
73 ... ge ...GY. Voit-Glon-
the "inside" story that is causing the 30 Resistance Readings to 40 Megohms.
great demand for this book -the long list Separate A.C. and D.C. Instruments in
Tilting Twin Case; Accuracy of Each
of carefully edited, authentic Bench Notes Within 2 %.
(Colltitlued from page 21) For All Radio Measurements Not Re-
C O N T E N T S quiring a No Current Draw Vacuum
Tube Voltmeter.
Fundamentals of Electricity
Vacuum Tubes a wedge for set sales. Whether or not Model 1200 -E offers a new order of precision test-
Reception of Radio Waves such advertising is fair, I would rather ing with 25,000 Ohms per Volt. Modern radio sets
that require delicate balancing can be easily and
Radio Symbols and Circuits
Simple Diode (or Crystal) Receiver
enter the house with the understand- quickly adjusted. READINGS: D.C. Volts 0 -10-
Operation of Vacuum Tubes ing the repair or recommendation for 10- 250 -500 -1000 at 25,000 Ohms per Volt. A.C.
Volts 0- 10 -50- 250 -500 -1000. 0-50 D.C. Microam-
A Simple Triode V. T. Receiver a new set would be based on the con- peres, 0-1-10-50-250 Milliamperes Resistance %/4-
ditions I encountered in his home -not
;
R. F. and A. F. Amplification 1000 Low Ohms; Backup Circuit 0- 40,000 Ohms; ;

A One -Stage Audio Amplifier 4 and 40 Megohms.
How a Power Supply Works those set up as a frame -up in a dis- Model 1200 -E has two instruments, A.C. and D.C.,
Operation of an Audio Amplifier
Fidelity of Amplifiers
traught advertiser's office. The cus- in tilting type twin case. Switch contact error
Building an Amplifier -Power Unit tomer is instinctively wary of a bar- less than I/,% on milliamperes. Ohms scale mark-
ings in straight lines. Resistance measurements
Regeneration gain concerning something he doesn't have individual zero adjustments. Selector switch
A Two -Tube Regenerative Tuner understand. for all readings. Contains 22i/ and 11/ volt
Operation of Pentode Tubes batteries.
Advantages of Pentodes The "loss- leader" sale of a staple,
A TRIPLETT -TASTER UNIT one of a series
Simple Tuned R. F. Receiver tangible item such as a cheap camera of co- related single unit testers made in standard
. .
and Superheterodynes
T. R. F.
High -Quality Broadcast Receiver
is not a parallel case. The customer sizes, the most economical method yet devised for
completely equipping the all- around radio service
Automatic Volume Control who buys a dollar camera knows, from shop with high quality instruments. Catalog gives
Oscillators and Mixers
Facts About Antennas
previous camera experience, that it complete information regarding other Triplett Volt -
Ohm- Millianinteters.
Photocells might fly to pieces after the fifth ex-
Breaking Into the Amateur Game posure, and is reconciled to the possi- OTHER TRIPLETT VOLT -OHM-
Code Practice Oscillators
History of Television
bility. In radio repairs, however, MILLIAMMETERS
Application of the Kerr Cell what the customer gets for a dollar is Model 1200 -A
volt D.0
. . same as 1300 -1; but 2000 ohms per
DEALER NET $23.83
Scanning Disk Television determined by store policy as inter- Model 200 -B .
1 same as 1.100 -A but with D.C. utove-
. .
ment and copper oxide rectifier for A.C. readings.

Cathode -Ray Tubes preted by the serviceman. No set DEALER NET $29.33
The Sweep Circuit and Power Supply Model 1200 -C . saute as 1200 -A but with 5000 ohms
Cathode -Ray Television owner ever asked me for an inferior per volt D.0
. .
DEALER NET $26.83

Television Receiver Design set repair; they all want either the Model 666
meter
. ..
Popular Pocket Size Volt-Cluu-3llUiam-
DEALER SIC $15.00
Television in the U. S.
Television Abroad best work and parts possible, or none.
If they didn't, they threw their sets
S P E C I A L O F F E R out the window and went shopping for
Mail the coupon below for your copy of this valuable the best ones they could afford, in-
ieference guide today -it's F1U E to those subscrib-
ing now for 0 issues of RADIO NEWS.
stead of calling me.
A customer come -on ad -which offers
ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENTS
P7 ,16,t
RADIO NEWS, Dept. 29T eight dollars' worth of intangibles for
608 S. Dearborn St., Chicago, Ill. one dollar is as distasteful to most THE TRIPLETT ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENTCO.
Enclosed find $1. Send me RADIO NEWS for 6
months and rush a copy of "34 Lessons in Radio and
persons as the announcement of a bar- 152 Harmon Ave., Bluffton, Ohio.
Please send me more information on
Television" to me free of charge. gain day in a doctor's office. 0 Model 1200 -E; 0 Model 1200 -A;
The bell. O -Mode11200-I3; O Model 1200 -C;
Name Round Three -Model 666.
"As far as the use of the word 'engi- Name
Address neer' is concerned, I know of no law Address
or even custom which limits the use of City State
State
City
(If a Radio Serviceman, check Itere 0) this word to people who necessarily
have a degree from a university. Our
`,. There's department uses the word to convey the
6tfr
truthful impression that our repairmen
are capable of engineering or construct-
LEARN CODE THE
,14/0014
1
ing a modern radio, and are therefore QUICK,EASY CANDLER WAY!

waiting ultimately qualified in repairing one.
The men now working for us must be
Code is easy to learn -the
Candler wa You c avoid
and
the hours upon hours of un-
for YOUR Job! graduates of one of the best technical
schools, in addition to meeting our own
ce that t h e
productive practice
With the Candler Syst
through.
start right, with the proper
o
It's your job today-to train for requirements." fundamentals -you learn sound
consciousness, and, in
time, You hd yourself 'ead-
short
a better job tomorrow! Bench Notes fights on: s a and sending code with the
m e neon c ease that
ou read print. r t's amazing,
Perhaps, because of the common how quickly y o u make real
progre ss. A fe w w e e k s of
The Radio Industry is crammed with "pretty
good" men . that's why your boss can afford
misuse of the word "engineer," no ad- Candler training -s equivalent
to months of undirected prac-
to be "choosy" in selecting men for better jobs. vertising ethics are violated; but it is tice.
Learn about t h e Candler
He knows that there is always another man wait-
ing for your job . but, DO YOU? Right
certain that an engineer is one thing, System, if you are just beginning or if you want
to make real speed on the air. There is en ad-
now is the time to insure your future in Radio. and a serviceman is another. If the vanced c well as the beginners' course.
Send for o the FREE Book of Facts, that will tell
You must be technically trained to hold and choice of designation were put up to you how Candler trained thousands of operators
improve your present position. There's always and made champions like Ted McElroy, World's
room at the top for men who can produce. Our
the servicemen themselves, they would Champion Operator and L. R. McDonald, W8CW,
1937 ARRL Champion. Write for your copy to-
story is vital to your future and the success of not choose "engineer," and if they day!
every Radioman -rend for it today. don't know, who does ? If you know CANDLER SYSTEM COMPANY
NEW BOOKLET ... Just off the press!
any one repairman who thinks he de- Dept. N -2, Box 331, Asheville, No. Carolina
serves an engineering title simply be- British Address: Room 56 Craven House,
Kingsway, London, W. C. 2
Write for the CREI cause he maintains broadcast receiv-
"TESTED PLAN" ers, ask him what he wants to be
Write today for free 48 -page cat- called if he ever is an engineer.
An interesting booklet
alog.
about
your
Radio and the chances for
success.
Both custom and law speak against
the loose use of "engineer." In some
states, it is a misdemeanor to set your- ENGINEERING
V
CAPITOL RADIO
Engineering Institute self up in business with an engineer-
ing title, unless you have passed a
MAIL THIS COUPON TODAY !
State Board examination. No servic-
ing school writes "engineer" on their
CAPITOL RADIO ENGINEERING INSTITUTE
Dept. RN -2, 3224 16th St., N.W., Washington, D.C.
diplomas, and the graduates them- Complete Radio Engineering Course in 96 weeks. Bachelor
Please send me a personal copy of the new illus- selves do not claim such a title. A uni- of Science Degree. Radio (television, talking pictures and
trated 48 -page booklet -"A Tested Plan for a
Future in PRACTICAL RADIO ENGINEERING."
versity degree is not a requirement for the vast electronic field) offers unusual opportunities for
trained radio engineers. Courses also in Civil, Electrical.
Name
engineering, and the lack of one will Mechanical, Chemical, Aeronautical Engineering; Busi-
ness Administration and Accounting. Low tuition, low
never keep you from being one. The living costs. World famous for technical two -year courses.
Special preparatory department for those who lack re-
Address nature of your work, and the amount quired high school work. Students from all parts of the
City of accomplishment, are more impor- world. Enter March, June. September, January. Write
RN-2 for catalog. 1629 COLLEGE AVE., ANGOLA, IND.
tant factors. It is natural to find
more radio engineers who have uni-
versity degrees than those who
haven't, but it is only because those in AMATEUR RADIO LICENSES
Day and evening classes in code and theory.
the former group have better tools. Home Study Courses
I would rather have the title "serv- THERE IS NO QRM IN THE INSPECTOR'S PHONES!
iceman," and have it mean something, When you go up for your exam you will hear a
from
clean, clear note without any interference,
than one which was thrust upon me ise
a punched tape prepared by an expert. Study for
your listening
by a man in another profession. I clean, clear note either r classrooms or
ode machines with tapes prepared bn
V don't care what entrance requirements gds licensed rodents now o
the Resultar guaranteed.
a department store sets up for their AMERICAN RADIO INSTITUTE
New York,
1123 Broadway, Dept. -N, N. Y.
applicants, but it would be better if 1
TELEVISION school standards were set up by men

within the profession. It also annoys RADIO ENGINEERING
RCA Institutes offer an intensive course
me to see servicemen advertised as of high standard embracing all phases
Is engineers when the choice of the serv- of Radio and Television. Practical
training with modern equipment at New
icemen themselves is against it. York and Chicago schools. Also special-
HERE! Perhaps we servicemen are partly ized courses and Home Study Courses under "No
obligation" plan. Catalog Dept. EN-39.
to blame for not having more rigid RCA INSTITUTES, Inc.
standards within a profession that is A Radio Corporation of America Service
Prepare yourselves for this twenty years old. Some day, I sup- 75 Varick St., New York 1154 Merchandise Mart, Chicago
pose, the delineations between the

newest and most sensational various radio fields will be better de-
radio field by reading fined; until then, we should resist any
attempts which are made to add con-
Money back guarantee
fusion by use of "engineer" by out- A REAL Photo Enlarger that does fine
siders. If "engineer" comes to mean work. Focuses automatically. Also COPIES
"INTRODUCTION TO and has a Contact Printer and Retouching
Table. Interesting circular free. Only $ 5.94
nothing, neither will "technician," complete, Lens included.
MODERN TELEVISION" "serviceman" or "repairman." When IDEAL-H, 122 East 25th St., New York
the functions of these classifications
are made less diffiuse, engineers and REBILT
A course of instruction in six servicemen will be maintained as dis-
parts starting in this month's
issue of
parate groups.
The final bell - the opponents,
breathing heavily, retire to their cor-
W0 0 D ST O C K BUILOER
ners. Did Smithson's win a moral vic- Winner... Most World's
tory, or did BENCH NOTES score a School Contests -
RADIO NEWS technical knockout? You are the
judges, and we await your decisions!
EASY TERMS -FREE TRIAL
WRITE FOR LITERATURE DEPT. B -5
WOODSTOCK TYPEWRITER CO., WOODSTOCK, ILL.

30
CISIN'S SENSATIONAL
RADIO PHYSICS
New Magic Electronic Eye COURSE
"TEST-ALL" (Continued from last month)
Experiment: Heat a small piece of
$2 95
TUNING INDICATOR
iron or steel (a hack-saw blade or a
ten-penny nail will do) in a gas flame.
It will first become warm and then
hot, as you can prove by removing it
from the flame every few seconds and
Complete Kit of Parts, placing your hand near it. Continuing
less tubes, with Crackle
Finish Metal Cabinet. the heating causes it to emit light and
Par. Pending U. S.
Aluminum Shield, Dia -
gram and Detailed In- change color, first turning to a "dull
Serial No. 69,,630 structions. red," then a bright "cherry red ", to
NEWEST SHORT WAVE ACCESSORY! slightly "orange", and finally it gets
Tunes in those Elusive S.W. and Foreign Stations.
Tests Power Packs, Audio Distortion. Antenna Sys- "white hot ". If the flame were hot
tems, Locates Opens, Shorts, Leakages. Lines up r.f.
and i.f. stages. Pleasures battery, a.c. and d.c. volt- enough to bring the temperature of
ages. Measures and compares resistances and capaci-
ties. Self -contained a.e'. -d.c. power supply. the iron up to its melting point we
EASY TO BUILD -EASY TO USE would find it would give off a very
Kit of Matched Tubes (2 Metal Tubes, 1 Magic
Eye) $3.05 bluish -white light just before melting.
H. G. CISIN, Chief Engineer
ALLIED ENGINEERING INSTITUTE
What has taken place during this
Dept. R -6 98 Park Place, New York, N. Y. experiment? Applying heat to the
iron caused its molecules and atoms to
vibrate faster and faster as its tem- The radio catalog with thousands of items
perature increased. This rapid vibra-
tion caused some electrons to jump to
other orbits than their own, resulting
And this is the book -
is the catalog with thousands of friends!
Wholesale Radio
Service Company's 188 -page 1939 edition
in electromagnetic radiations within of the catalog that has everything in radio.
the particular band of frequencies It's big. It's new. It's yours absolutely
which have the power of affecting our FREE. Send for a copy at once. Join the
skin. Our nerves carried the effect to thousands who use this catalog to save im-
our brain, where the intelligible important money, to save time and travel, to
pression of heat was formed. As the get the "tops" in equipment at the lowest
prices.
heating was continued the rate of vi-
bration of frequency of the molecules
increased, causing the radiations to
follow one another more closely, i.e.,
the frequency increased. These higher
frequency radiations produced the sen- 30 rotogravure pages of new '39 model
Radio is a "cinNt" -when you use Ghirardi! He'll
sation of light in our optic nerve and radios. An important section on transmit-
give you a c le to ad
handy volume. A miracle
1 l
education in just t
condensation-for it
became visible as red light. Continu- ters, receivers and accessories to delight
gives you a sound and ofthorough training in ing the heating, increased the fre- the ham. (Some of the big -league names
RADIO, electricity, sound, television` cathode-
ray tubes, etc. Everything you want is right here.
quickest, simplest, easiest home -study quency of vibration of the molecules include Hammarlund, Hallicrafter, Na.
you
preliminaryl' knowledge necessary. IJustlepend
Ncourse
your spare time each day with the book. Before
and radiations, resulting in the pro- tional, UTC, Weston and Western Elec-
you know lt. you'll find yourself qualified to hold duction of orange, yellow and finally tric.) More than half the catalog given
down a good- paying radio job.
blue-white light. If we could increase over to radio parts, tubes, test instruments
HERE'S WHAT YOU GET: and tools of every type. There's a big sec-
Sound -Electrical Theory and
Principles- Electrical Currents
the frequency of these electromag- tion on P.A. featuring the new advanced
trs magnetism-Trans-
densers-Measuring
formers ance Con-
netic radiations still more by some line of Lafayette "Coordinated Sound Sys-
ments - Instru.
Radioactivity - means, we would produce violet light, tems -the most complete P.A. line in the
Rroadcasting -Receiving ultra -violet light, X -rays, and finally
-Vacuum Tubes Am-
plification Superhets
-Coils-Speakers-Re- - - gamma rays and the cosmic rays. All
world. And not to be overlooked, the new
Catalog Camera Corner where our old
ceivers of all tyes
Short-Wave Aut- of these radiations, heat, light, X -rays, policy of Quality, Economy, Depend-
dio -
Radio -Aircraft Ra-
Public Ad.
dress -Photoelec- gamma rays, etc., are fundamentally ability marches on into new fields.
tric Cells -Cath-
de -Ray Tubes the same. They are all electromag-
-Television- netic radiations differing only in fre-
Testing a n d
ServlcIng- quency. Sound waves differ from
PicsMotion
Pictures -Ref !1 L06r.S
Radioe school these in that there is nothing electri-
and students
e this
o more
e nt s cal about a sound wave, it is simply a
than
radio book
te world.
h
mechanical vibration, or actual to and -five great guides to thrifty shop-
Will it work fro motion of air particles. ping -at-home in one big FREE book.
-
for YOU? YES.
andsend for It How radio radiations are produced: Any wonder thousands are hailing it
right
try
o w
with the cou
- There are many different methods by today as the world's finest radio cata-
log? Any wonder you will want your
Don below.
You don't risk
a Cent! G e
which atoms can be made to radiate FREE copy as soon as you can get it?
set to go! at various frequencies, but we must Any wonder we say -send for if to-
confine ourselves now only to the one day.... NOW -while you think of if.
used for producing radio rays. In or- Just mail the coupon.
RADIO PHYSICS COURSE der to produce the frequencies used
for radio transmission, which are very
much lower than those necessary for
onus
EW YORK, N.Y.
1111010 SERVICE
HwCAGO IaLL. e ATLANTA, GA.
U:?
light and heat, we must establish OSTON,MASS. BRONX, N.Y. NEWARK;N.I.

o JAMAICA, t.' I
what might be called an artificial elec- WHOLESALE RADIO SERVICE CO., Inc.
;ir Z60 pie ioren.P
naren
r tron orbit, having a circumference in- Dept. 2B9 -100 Sixth Ave., New York, N. Y.
finitely larger than the largest natural Rush FREE 1939 Radio Catalog No. 73
\caUe, orbit of the electrons found within an
o .TAT
e
S ,.
NANE
V atom.
A99R en pa90 pPs
A coil of one or more turns of cop- ADDRESS
Cl,,.re v1fi\Zwe \ .r.!

R_.r_:i;:i'
0,t1e per wire constitutes such an orbit.
-
61'2'
S6 ..StATE..
(To be continued) CRY
IiI PASTE
-- COUPON ON PENNY POST CARO
Television Receiver A.C, and D,C.

VOLT-OHM-
Rate 15c per word. Minimum, 10 words.
ulated. Variations will occur due to MILLIAMMETER
CORRESPONDENCE COURSES line voltage conditions and tubes. If
there is any substantial deviation in Only
USED Correspondence Courses and Edu- voltage from that given in this table,
cational Books sold or rented. Inexpen- ascertain the reason, and correct it
sive. Money -back guarantee. Write for before proceeding further, or damage
Free Catalog listing 4000 bargains.
(Courses Bought.) Lee Mountain, Pisgah, to tubes or other parts may result.
Alabama. WARNING
Be sure that the Voltmeter prongs are well
insulated and use great care in making these meas-
PATENT ATTORNEYS urements to avoid shock from the High Voltage
-
INVENTORS Before disclosing your in-
vention to anyone send for Form "Evidence
supply.
Alignment and Operation
Set the picture tube bias control
of Conception" ; "Schedule of Government
and Attorneys' Fees" and instructions. Sent (No. 1) all the way to the right. Set
free. Lancaster, Allwine & Rommel, 414
Bowen Building, Washington, D. C. the horizontal and vertical sweep
PATENTS -
Advice and booklet free.
Highest references. Best results. Prompt-
ness assured. Watson E. Coleman. Pat-
(Nos. 6 and 7) controls half way.
Now turn the spot locating control
(No. 3) all the way to the deft and
ent Lawyer, 724 9th Street, Washington, rotate the other spot control (No. 4)
D. C.
through its entire range. If neither HANDY POCKET TESTERS
INVENTIONS WANTED a spot nor a raster (the scanning pat- Model 73G A.C. and D.C. Pocket Tester
tern) appears, move the first spot lo- Readings are: A.C. and D.C. Volts 0-
INVENTIONS Commercialized. Patented cating control (No. 3) slightly to the 15- 150 -750; D.C. at 1000 ohms per volt
or unpatented. Write Adam Fisher Com- and A.C. at 400 ohms per volt; D.C.
pany, 278 Enright, St. Louis, Missouri. right and rotate the other locating Milliamperes, 0- 11/2 -15 -150; Low Ohms,
1/ to 1000; High Ohms, 0- 100,000 at 11/2
control through its entire range volts. External batteries may be used
RADIO ENGINEERING again. Continue this procedure step for higher resistance measurements.
by step until something appears upon Has Triplett instrument. Molded case
3 1/16" x 57A" x 21/8 ". All accessories
RADIO Engineering, broadcasting, avia- the viewing screen of the C -R tube. included.
tion and police radio, servicing, marine
and Morse telegraphy taught thoroughly. Now adjust the vertical and hori- Model 737 -for D.C. readings only.
All expenses low. Catalog free. Dodge's zontal sweep controls until a complete Complete with accessories $930
Institute, Elm St., Valparaiso, Ind. Model 735-same as Model 737 except
raster appears. This should be ap- operation is simplified by handy se-
MISCELLANEOUS proximately 4" square (the actual lector switch. Complete with acces-
picture will be somewhat smaller due sories $10.80
WANTED original poems, songs, for im- to the presence of the blanking and READRITE METER WORKS
mediate consideration. Send poems to sync pulses in the station carrier). 215 College Dr., Bluffton, Ohio
Columbian Music Publishers, Ltd., Dept.
293. Toronto, Can. By means of the spot location con-
trols (Nos. 3 and 4) this pattern may
CASH for old issues of Radio News; 1919, now be centered on the tube face.
1920, 1922, and Electrical Experimenter,
1918 and earlier. J. T. Lipani, Ashland The size of the picture is deter-
St., Boston, Mass. mined by two factors, namely: the
sweep circuit voltage and the voltage
applied to the second anode. The pic-
13UY ture increases with increase in sweep
voltage and decreases inversely as the
SELL square of the second or high voltage
anode potential. The saw -tooth volt-
EXCHANGE age developed by the multi- vibrators
is a function of the "B" voltage ap-
RADIO EQUIPMENT plied to the plates. Since we are op-
Is there any particular equipment you'd like to
buy? Do you have any equipment in your work- erating near the voltage limit of the
shop that you want to sell or trade? If ,o, make 5Z3 rectifier tube, it is impractical to
it known through this Classified Section.
To make it easier for you, RADIO NEWS offers a
special "non- commercial" rate to readers: 10 words
obtain any improvement in this direc-
-lie
for $1.00 each for extra words, prepaid. Sim- tion. Amplifiers could be used to
ply send your ad and remittance to: Classified, increase the sweep voltages, but this
RADIO NEWS would complicate matters greatly. The
608 S. Dearborn St. Chicago other alternative is to reduce the 2nd
anode voltage. Referring to the cir-
RADIO cuit diagram, a 100,000 ohm (R66)
dropping resistor is indicated in series
TRADE, 3/4 H.P. 2 cycle Maytag gasoline with the low voltage filter system.
motor for battery operated shortwave re- This results in a larger picture, at
ceiver. Floran Higgins, Box 647, Havre, only a slight sacrifice in brilliance.
Mont.
The use of this resistor is optional, 511ILIN' JACK'S BOSS",
HAM STUFF depending upon which characteristic To those of you who read "Smilin' Jack
is the more desirable. the famous cartoon strip on aviation, the
PLANS 18 Record -breaking Crystal Sets, The image ratio should be 4:3. If February issue of POPULAR AVIATION
with "Radiobuilder"-year, 25c. Labora- the picture does not conform to this is a "must ". Zack Mosley tells his fascin-
tories, 7700 -H East 14th, Oakland, Cali- ating story in "The House That Smilin'
fornia. ratio, a rearrangement of resistors in Jack Built ".
the sweep plate and screen circuits
will correct this. Potentiometers could FEBRUARY ISSUE
SPECIAL RATES FOR READERS
A special classified rate is now offered
be inserted to control the voltages
applied to the deflection plates, but POPULAR
for readers (non-commercial) who wish
to buy, sell, or exchange radio sets, trans-
mitters or parts; 10 words for 50c. Extra
these additional controls are hardly
necessary, since once this adjustment AVIATITfN
NOW ON SALE
words, 15c. Payable in advance. is made, it need not be changed, for
a given set of tubes.
After this has been satisfactorily
checked, we may proceed to the i.f.
amplifier adjustments. An output me-
ter or preferably an oscilloscope is
connected across the output of the
RADIO video amplifier (6V6 plate). A signal
from a signal generator or equivalent
source is now introduced at the con-
-A verter grid (6K8). The intermediate
frequency is 12 mc. The i.f. trans-
formers are now adjusted for maxi- NOW
HUSKY The radio industry is mum output in the conventional way.
still in its infancy! As Now introduce a signal, whose fre- 1
it grows, there will be quency is approximately that of the
BABY! countless opportunities principal station to be received, into
-for the trained man! the antenna circuit. Tune this signal
L C. S. Radio Courses are prepared by
by rotating the dial, then align the
men who know theory and practice. Hun-
antenna and r.f. circuits for maximum
output by means of the trimmers on
dreds of I. C. S. graduates already hold the variable condenser.
responsible, well -paid jobs in radio. After this has been done, the re-
There's plenty of room for you! Send ceiver is ready for a test on the air.
coupon for full details. It is best to make adjustments on the
fixed pattern transmitted by television
INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOLS stations during test periods preceding
Box 8283 -U, Scranton, Penna. the regular scheduled programs. The
Explain fully about your course in the subject i.f. system should now be readjusted
marked X:
Radio Sound Technicians by staggering the peaks to accept a
Experimental Television
Aviation Section of Radio Operating
wide band of frequencies (2 mega-
Name Age
cycles). This will result in consider-
Address
able improvement in picture detail,
with relatively slight loss in gain.
YOUR FUTURE IN The i.f. transformers are heavily Everything
loaded (with 1500 ohms across each
These growing indus-
RADIO. in radio in
tries need trained men for
sales, service, operation.
Your chance for employ- TELEVISION
/ secondary). It is possible to omit these,
with an increase in gain if they are
this Big
New 1939
RADOLEK PROFIT GUIDE.
ment and advancement de-
pends on thorough train-
Send for free book -
let that shows how
carefully realigned so as to stagger Radolek has everything under one
ing. National schools of- you can prepare
these opportunities.
the peaks, with a resultant "square roof. When you order, you get
fer you time- tested train- just what you want promptly and
ing. Complete, modern fa-
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cilities and equipment in The r,f. circuits should now be re- Servicemen and Dealer, now de-
pend upon Radolek Service. Send
the largest trade school in aligned for best tracking. It may be for your copy of this hig book.
the West. Established 1905.
NATIONAL SCHOOLS necessary to adjust the r.f. coil in- Over 12,000 Repair Parts. Parts
ductances slightly to obtain the proper to repair any radio receiver made.
4000 5. Figueroa Sheet, Los Angeles All leading brands represented.
NATIONAL SCHOOLS, Dept. 2 -RN.
range and tracking. If necessary the I.very item guaranteed! And all
at yrice.s Ills S.1 FE YOU
I Loe Angeles
Please send free Radio and Television Booklet. end plates of the variable condenser JI0 -VEF,
NAME AGE
may be bent to accomplish this. All Tubes Represented. RCA, Syl-
I
ADDRESS About 20 volts at the control grid of vania. Raytheon, Philon, etc. In-
cludes Kolleg, special Majestic
LcITY STATE
the cathode ray tube is necessary in types and transmitting tubes.
order to obtain a good picture. If Test Instruments. The most com-
Correspondence Courses ln everything is functioning properly this plete line ever displayed in any
catalog. Latest improved models
RANOandLCTRICAL ENGINEERING should be easily obtained from sta- that provide every conceivable test
necessary for thorough radio re-
ECTRICAL ENGINEERING Seo f vr;da tions within range. This can be ceiver analysis.
tue. Mod
electrical field. Prepare yourself at Low Cost fore secure
S simplified anyone ran understand Quickie. checked with a vacuum tube volt- Complete Public Address Display.
RADIO ENGINEERING dti re ;e aboie.
C' Be ibcdie, publia
tee wcrk.
meter or calibrated oscilloscope. New 1930 model public address
amplifiers with outputs from 10 to
entaltkitsturned`yDiploma' onecom
Experimental on
vacuum-tube technician.
Either comae, sly 525. Deferred payment
A little experience will enable the 100 watts. Complete P. A. Sys-
LOW AS Write for free copies ce sohool
5 pWn avauuo,o.
mngnzinee, full details;
LRlue,. rodent
user to tune in a station quickly and tems for permanent. Mobile and
Portable installations. Attractively
SEND NOWT
LINCOLN ENGINEERING SCHOOL, Box 931-R2, Lincoln, Nebr. clearly. Proper manipulation of the designed and priced for greater
controls is important, and the func- 100111.5.
RADIO DEGREEIE2REtRS
Intensive, specialized course, including strong basis in
tion of each should be studied care-
fully and thoroughly understood.
Latest Radio Models. The super
values of 1039.
combinations.
sets.
New Phono-Radio
Automatic tuning
Strikingly beautiful cabinets.
mathematics and electrical engineering, and advanced Also new "IIam" receivers and
Radio Theory and Design. Modern laboratory, thorough
instruction. I.w tuition. Self-help opportunities. Also
T1- 1500V. Power transformer 8C12 transmitters!
2 -year courses
uses in Aeronautical, Chemical, Civil, Elec-
T2 -Rcvr. power trans. 8K93
Le,y-Rcvr. Filter choke 20H No. 1 L 11 R Complete Auto Radio Section. In-
trical and Mechanical Engineering. Terme oven March, cludes vibrator replacement guide,
June, September, December. Catalog. L,I -Hi- Voltage filter choke I000H No. I F45R new auto aerials, custom panel
INDIANA TECHNICAL COLLEGE L,5-Low frequency sweep choke 2000H No. 1 control plates for all automobiles
Washington Blvd., Fort Wayne, Indiana F47/1 and new Delco Auto Sets.
247 East
L, -High frequency sweep choke 300H No. 1
C421 3000 New Items Over Previous
Lu -R.F. Choke -50 MH Edition. New items to give you
RADIO COURSES L,o -R.F. Choke -55 MH
new ideas in conducting your busi-
ness on a more profitable basis.
New Classes Now Starting Le, o -R.F. Choke -120 MH
Transformers-12 M.C., U100
RADIO OPERATING BROADCASTING
RADIO SERVICING a practical course
11ADIO AMATEUR CODE
-
TELEVISION
SIZES:
C -21, 23, 25, 28, 30, 33, 34, 39, 46, 47, 48-
ELB.CTRONICS -1 yr, day course, 2 yrs. eve.
Day and Evening Classes. Booklet Upon Request. C -44,
C-
525V. Peak net electro.
45- 2000V. (1347)
41- 1000V.
rh. RADOLEK
New York Y. M. C. A. Schools C- 37- 1000V.
(1345) 601 W. Randolph, Chicago, Dept. B -26
W. 63rd St. New York City (1344)
7
C -42, 50- 2000V. (1346) Send the 1939 Radolek Radio Profit Guide FREE.
C -40, 43, 26, 5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 17, 18,
RADIOENGINEERING,
broadcasting, avi-
20, 22, 24, 27, 29, 49
C -51, 4, 13, 16 -200V.
-400
volts. Name
ation lull police radio, servicing,
marine and Morse telegraphy taught C -35, 36, 8, 52, 19, 31, 32, 38 -Mica
thoroughly. 48 weeks' engineering
course equivalent to three years' college radio work. School
C -1,
2, 3 -3
gaug variable
R -64, 36, 52, 56, 44, 61, 62 -Wire wound pots.
Address
established 1874. All expenses low. Catalog free. Serviceman? Dealer? Experimenter?
DODGE'S INSTITUTE, Oak St., Valparaiso, Ind.
ON RADIO
ZIFF -DAVIS PUBLISHING COMPANY (Publishers of RADIO NEWS)
offers these authoritative books on Radio
Every one written by an authority. Giving you in concentrated, easily assimilated form, the tested
experience of practical Radio men, each an expert in his field. Why not add their experience to your
own, and so increase your knowledge and earning power in this fascinating profession.
ENGINEERING ELECTRONICS THE RADIO MANUAL (110)

CATHODE -RAY TUBE AT WORK (109) By George E. Sterling
RADIO PHYSICS COURSE (104)
By Donald G. Fink $3.50 Third Edition 56.00
(101) 35S litiges, 0x9, 217 illustrations. A 5a4x8. 1120 pages. Full and complete By Alfred A, Ghirardi $4.00
By John F. Rider $2.50 working introduction to electronics for information on the structure, installa-
the engineer. A practical volume for en- tion, upkeep, operation and control of A book that leading radio schools
A new era in the servicing of radio re- gineers who wish to take up or review all forms of radio apparatus and equip- throughout the world have chosen as the
ceivers, public- address systems, trans- electronic principles and their applica- ment. Radio control operating is de- most thorough, instructive, and interest-
mitters, etc., is in the offing. The the- tion in typical engineering problems of veloped in full. The necessary- steps for ing radio book ever written -they use it
ory underlying the functioning of the tube use and circuit design. Covers the taking out both an operator's and an as their basic text in their own radio
cathode-ray tube and the circuits that fundamentals of electron physics and amateur operator's license are indicated, courses. Explains in easy -to- understand
accompany it receives full consideration electron tube structures, the engineering together with the requirements and di- language all of the essential facts about
in this book. The second half of the characteristics of a wide variety of tubes, rections governing operator's examina- both electricity and radio from simple
tchtme is devoted to specific and prac- and a demonstration of the application tions and theory and ranges through the fundamentals to the most intricate ap-
tical applications of commercial oscillo- of tubes and circuits in problems of entire radio field, giving complete de- plications. Invaluable to the radio Be-
scopes to servicing and adjustment prob- Power transformation, electrical com- scriptions and discussions of all of its ginner, Student, Serviceman. 972 pp.,
lems. Useful for television preparation. munication, and industrial control and phases, and covering every detail of ma- 503 illustrations, 856 self- review Ques-
3'B pp., profusely illustrated. measurement. rine and aircraft radio equipment. tions.
HOW TO PASS
RADIO -
NG
PERVICI
ERHETERODYNES
,LICENSE
.:EXAMINATIONS
MODERN RADIO SERVICING

(105) HOW TO PASS RADIO LICENSE
By Alfred A. Ghirardi $4.00 EXAMINATIONS (107) SERVICING SUPERHETERO-
A SENSATION! The greatest text ever By C. E. Drew $2.00 DYNES (108)
published specifically on the technique OFFICIAL RADIO SERVICE By John F, Rider $1.00
of Modern Service Work. From coast (Third Edition in preparation.) A book No other circuit in the radio field has
to coast service men are talking about HANDIBOOI( (106) directed to the professional operator. undergone all the changes that have
this remarkable "Ghirardi book" Its By J. T. Bernsley $4.00 Explains fully all the questions that are been incorporated in the superhetero-
litho pages contain ;r complete course on met in taking the Federal Communica- dyne. In order to service these receivers
the most up -to -date methods of radio A text -book for Service Men containing
the construction and opera- practical, radio theory and servicing in- tions Commission's examinations for all with profitable speed, you must be able
serviting classes of radio operator. Deals with to analyze the different portions of the
tion of all kinds of latest radio test formation. Includes operating notes and the Radio Act and the Federal Com- circuit quickly and titis is just what
wipnreut servicing and repair of all
; valuable compilations of requisite serv- munications Commission Rules and Reg- Rider tells you how to do in this book.
rosis of receivers; locating and eliminat- icing data. Intended for and dedicated ulations. The explanation of ship's ra- Not only is the theory of all types of
ing toise and interference; special seer -
ieug problems: aligning superhets, and to making the Service Man's daily tasks diotelephone and telegraphy and the Superhets thoroughly covered, hut actual
test c d advertising and merchandising easier. Gives hints on trouble shooting method of handling traffic is one of servicing details are most complete. 288
tips. POS illustrations, 32 chapters. in the average receivers by malte. the highlights. pp., profusely illustrated.
Our book lists also present a wide variety on Photography, Aviation, Science
I
CHECK YOUR CHOICE ON THIS COUPON
IMPORTANT!
Enclose remittance with order and we will
Ziff -Davis Publishing Company, Book Department
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Gentlemen: Please send me the books whose numbers I have encircled below.
Check and mail this coupon TODAY. Add to Book No. 101, 104, 105, lob, 107, 108, 107, HO
your library the books you need, or secure in-
Price Enclosed $ C. O. D. (Plus Postage)
formation and prices on any book on Radio
you may be interested in but which is not Name
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YOU GET PROFESSIONAL TEST
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YOU CAN HAVE YOUR OWN
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Besides its invaluable use in experimental wo
my Equipment will enable you to stake spare ti
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My Training starts right
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"SO MUCH FOR SO LITTLE" makes'
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ow just a few words about your Course -the more
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from it, the more I wonder how you can give so can fit you for
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rld Ur anyone wishing to study Radio seriously across. that you will under-
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made over $300 net in the past six months, doingI some I oiler special advanced Training
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Al. Caldwell, 03 Hickory St., LEARN MORE ABOUT THE
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MEMBER -THE SPRAYBERRY COURSE IS SOLD Name Age

UNDER A MONEY -BACK AGREEMENT
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Tear off this coupon, mail in envelope or paste on penny postca
.. GIVING COMPLETE FACTS Servicemen -Check here.
The CUBA, $250,000 Con hi
dated Flung Boat used by
Archbold Nov Guinea Expedit
Hallicrafters Dual Diversity Receivers to be Used to

Maintain Contact with Archbold New Guinea Expedition
TEAMING across the Pacific to remote Hollandia in Dutch New Guinea, a fast
S' ship is carrying a new Dual Diversity Receiving System to the Archbold Expe-
dition for the American Museum of Natural History. In the shack of W6LYY in
San Diego, Calif., Barney Boyd already has installed another Dual Diversity.
Soon these two Hallicrafters Diversity receivers will be helping maintain depend-
able communications across 7000 miles of Pacific Ocean, between the crew of the
gigantic $250,000 Consolidated flying boat "GUBA" of the expedition and their
hase station, Barney Boyd's shack.
Realizing the importance of regular communications between the expedition
and their home base, these two Hallicrafters Dual Diversity Receiving Systems
were recently ordered, to provide the most modern and dependable radio recep-
tion available today. You will find Halli-
crafters Dual Diversity Systems used wherever
the finest of Radio Reception is demanded. Winner Picks
Ask your Hallicrafters Dealer about the SUPER SKYRIDER
Hallicrafters Dual Diversity Receiving Sys- The winner of the Radio News
tem, or write for complete information. Prize Contest for the best techni-
cal article on radio, C. C. Springer,
W9F,MR, given a choice of receiv-
ers, picked a Hallicrafters Super
Skyrider.
Below. The Dual Diversity, with special

speaker, shipped to New Guinea head-
quarters of the Archbold Expedition.
Above. The Hallicrafters Dual Diversity installed

in Barney Boyd's shack at San Diego.
W6LY e IiaIIicraI4'ers inc.

,ree;44
,._
2603 Indiana Ave., Chicago,
Cable Address: HALLICRAFT, Chicago
S. A. U.
"WORLD'S LARGEST BUILDERS OF AMATEUR COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT"

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TRODUCTION TO TELEVSONSPAGE

AD O CONTROLLED AIRPLANE MODEL

WORLD'S LARGEST RETAIL RADIO DEALER

DAVEGA is New York's Pioneer DAVEGA has the most complete

HALLICRAFTER DIVERSITY: 6 Bands covering from 545 KC.

SKY CHALLENGER II: 9 Tubes Infinite Image Rejector

DB 20 by R.M.E. Signal Am- X Frequency Expander.

ACR -111 COMMUNICATION RECEIVER

Many Make $5, $10, $15 a Week Extra Earnings

Including Articles on POPULAR TELEVISION

nouncement has been made by Sco-

current, which is stronger as the pic-

THE AUDIO &VIDEO TELEVISION LOUD

scope, as shown in Figure 3, is of ex- VISUALIZATION OF INTERLACING

(or beam) of electrons is caused to

plex variety of cathode -ray tube called i

an Iconoscope. This is called "scan- TIME

received, can be re-created into an BLANKING TOP PICTURE

television, will be analyzed and ex- 6 SECOND

of the Iconoscope and Kinescope, to Figure 5.

sc; the future will A review of the statements made by

The author gives the first complete,

NDESCRIBABLE thrills are in and model builders were concerned

Control Motor Construction. 4111,

By OLIVER READ, W9ETI

Here at last is a sensitive vis-

The output of your trans-

By GORDON E. GRAY, W9CG

The set -up used to determine the efficiency of a transmitter.

aisin g Your 7ransmit-. : ;

C probably because the r.f. amme- duced until it is definitely established

Internal view of the Dummy Antenna.

The complete set-up needed to make instantaneous recordings.

ake Your Own RECOI

control. And now that they are under-

For those living within a short radius of the

synchronizing impulses are separated, freq.) sweep, horizontal (high freq.)

1852 .0001MF 6K8 12 MC 1852

5MR SOMA 5M11 SMEG

By EDWARD CALDICOTT, W2GVX

Top chassis view showing the t.ansformer arrangement.

60 watt carrier, crystal controlled, on

Audio and Bias Chassis

chassis which carries the full audio

Concerning Doublet Antennae Radio, Limited, of 7460 Beverly

Many a serviceman, experimenter, or

By LOUIS J. G Ali AI'IIE, W9IIGL

signing a Filter Choli J

A cleverly designed 325 -watt

sive. Still, to tube when working straight through

push pull 6J5's is transformer coupled

desired capacity. Insulation is Isolantite.

mobile, sound trucks, farm and emergency

THE NATIONAL QSO PAGE

A new receiver that features a