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    Gravity Retaining Wall - Vakapalli

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    D.V.Srinivasa Rao
    This document summarizes a revised design for a retaining wall from chainage 0/0 to 0/150m. During construction, sand layers were discovered after 2 meters of depth instead of the anticipated soft clay, requiring a redesign with an assumed soil bearing capacity of 15 tonnes/square meter for the sand. The superintending engineer returned the redesign for further modifications, requesting the assistant engineer to resubmit the design calculations considering the soil conditions encountered during construction.

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    Gravity Retaining Wall - Vakapalli

    Uploaded by

    D.V.Srinivasa Rao
    202 views6 pages
    This document summarizes a revised design for a retaining wall from chainage 0/0 to 0/150m. During construction, sand layers were discovered after 2 meters of depth instead of the anticipated soft clay, requiring a redesign with an assumed soil bearing capacity of 15 tonnes/square meter for the sand. The superintending engineer returned the redesign for further modifications, requesting the assistant engineer to resubmit the design calculations considering the soil conditions encountered during construction.

    Original Description:

    Design of PCC gravity retaining wall

    Original Title

    Gravity Retaining Wall_Vakapalli

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    This document summarizes a revised design for a retaining wall from chainage 0/0 to 0/150m. During construction, sand layers were discovered after 2 meters of depth instead of the anticipated soft clay, requiring a redesign with an assumed soil bearing capacity of 15 tonnes/square meter for the sand. The superintending engineer returned the redesign for further modifications, requesting the assistant engineer to resubmit the design calculations considering the soil conditions encountered during construction.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as XLS, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as xls, pdf, or txt
    202 views6 pages

    Gravity Retaining Wall - Vakapalli

    Uploaded by

    D.V.Srinivasa Rao
    This document summarizes a revised design for a retaining wall from chainage 0/0 to 0/150m. During construction, sand layers were discovered after 2 meters of depth instead of the anticipated soft clay, requiring a redesign with an assumed soil bearing capacity of 15 tonnes/square meter for the sand. The superintending engineer returned the redesign for further modifications, requesting the assistant engineer to resubmit the design calculations considering the soil conditions encountered during construction.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as XLS, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as xls, pdf, or txt
    of 6

    DESIGN OF GRAVITY RETAINING WALL

    Data:-

    Height of Retaining wall = 2.40m


    Height of wall above G.L= 1.50m
    Height of wall below G.L= 0.90m
    Density of back fill soil&material in toe portion = 1800Kg/Cum
    Grade of concrete = M20
    Grade of steel = Fe415
    Top width = 0.30m
    Bottom width assumed = 1.70m
    Ground water Table level = 0.6m below GL
    Angle of shearing resistance of back fill material&material at toe portion(Q) = 30
    Angle of face of wall supporting earth with horizontal(a)(In degrees) 59.77
    (in clock wise direction)
    Slope of back fill(b) = 0
    Angle of wall friction (q) = 20

    Coefficient of active earth pressure by Coulomb's theory


    2
    Ka = Sin(a+Q)
    sina sin(a-q) sin(Q+q)sin(Q-b)
    sin(a+b)

    From the above expression,

    Ka = 0.62

    Hence,maximum pressure at the base of the wall Pa = 2678.40Kg/sqm

    The pressure distribution along the height of the wall is as given below:-

    Surcharge load = 669.6

    669.6

    2.40m

    2678.40

    Total earth pressure = 4821.12

    The active earth pressure acts on the wall as shown below:-


    0.30

    50.23

    2.4

    59.77

    C
    1.70

    Horizontal component of the earth pressure Ph = 3085.75Kg/sqm

    Vertical component of the earth pressure Pv = 3704.23Kg/sqm

    Stability calculations:-
    Load(Kg) Lever arm about C Moment(Kg-m)

    Weight of the wall = 1728.00Kg 0.15 259.20


    4032.00Kg 0.77 3091.20
    Weight of the earth = 3024.00Kg 1.23 3729.60
    Vertical component of Active earth pressure= 3704.23Kg 1.25 4631.00
    12488.23Kg 11711.00

    Note:-Weight of soil on the toe is neglected on the assumption that,it is scoured.

    Horizontal earth pressure force = 3085.75 1.01m -3110.44


    8600.56

    Lever arm x = M = 0.69m


    V

    Eccentricuty e = b/2-x = 0.16m <b/6 Hence there is no uplift

    Maximum stress = P/A(1+6e/b) = 14398.2 < SBC Hence safe

    Minimum stress = P/A(1-6e/b) = 293.84

    Coefficient of friction between soil and footing u = 0.45

    Factor of safety against sliding =(uFx0.9W)/Ph = 1.64 >1.4 Hence safe

    Factor of safety against overturning = 3.77 >1.5 Hence safe.


    Total Active earth pressure = 4821.12

    Moment of the centroid of the above force about the base of the stem of the
    retaining wall =
    4499.71 Kg-m

    Design of Cantilever Wall:-

    Adopting working stress method of design,

    Effective depth required = 22.39cm

    The over all depth provided = 37.50cm

    Effective depth(Assuming 50mm cover and 12mm dia bars) = 31.90cm

    Ast required = 6.77sqcm

    Hence,the reinforcement provided is safe

    Distribution steel of 0.15% is to be provided

    Area of distribution steel = 5.63sqcm

    The area of distribution steel provided on both the faces is safe

    Design of beam:-

    Moment of the centroid of the earth pressure force about the bottom of the
    beam =

    5946.05 Kg-m

    Load coming on beam:-

    Weight of wall w1 = 1725.00Kg


    Weight of earth w2= 378.00Kg
    Self weight of beam w3= 281.25Kg
    2384.25Kg

    Design for flexure:-

    Maximum B.M = wl2/10 = 953.70kgm

    Equivalent bending moment due to twisting

    MT = 6295.82 Kg-m

    Total Bending moment = 7249.52kgm

    Effective depth required = 28.42cm


    The over all depth provided = 30.00cm

    Effective depth(Assuming 50mm cover and 12mm dia bars) = 24.40cm

    Ast required = 14.26sqcm

    Hence,provide 2-12mm dia bars at top and bottom and provide 3-12mm dia
    bars to be cranked at pile locations and stirrups at 200mm c/c spacing

    Design of piles:-

    To be modified as per above values

    Check for safety against sliding:-

    Sliding force:-

    Force due to active earth pressure on wall = 9642.24 Kg


    Force due to active earth pressure on beam = 1272.24 Kg
    Force due to active earth pressure on pile = 3452.625 Kg
    Total sliding force = 14367.11 Kg

    Resisting force:-

    Kp = 1/Ka = 1.61

    Lateral passive earth pressure at the top of beam = 869.4 Kg/sqm


    Lateral passive earth pressure at the top of pile&bottom of beam = 1738.8 Kg/sqm
    Lateral passive earth pressure at the bottom of pile = 8983.8 Kg/sqm

    Lateral resistance of beam = 782.46 Kg


    Lateral resistance of pile = 5026.21875 Kg
    5808.67875 Kg

    Factor of safety against sliding = 0.4043040508 > 1.5. Hence safe

    Check for safety against overturning:-

    Overturning moment about bottom of pile :-

    Due to active earth pressure on wall = 35997.7 Kg-m


    Due to active earth pressure on beam = 3366.41 Kg-m
    Due to active earth pressure on pile = 3770.8594 Kg-m
    Total 43134.969 Kg-m

    Restoring moment about bottom of pile :-

    Due to passive earth pressure on wall = 756.378 Kg-m


    Due to passive earth pressure on beam = 2060.478 Kg-m
    Due to passive earth pressure on pile = 4867.7344 Kg-m
    Total 7684.5904 Kg-m

    Factor of safety against overturning = 0.18 > 1.2 Hence O.K


    Office Note submitted:-

    Sir,

    Sub:-Works-PR Division,Eluru-PMGSY Ph-VII-"Road from Veereswarapuram to Vakapalli",


    Est.Cost.Rs.149.02 lakhs-Design of retaing wall in the reach 0/0 to 0/150m-Certain
    instructions issued by the SE,PR,Eluru-Regarding

    Ref:-Memo Rc.No.AEE1/PMGSY Phase VII/Vakapalli/09 Dt.13.7.09 of the SE,PR,ELR

    ********

    It is submitted that the work"Road from Veereswarapuram to Vakapalli",Est.Cost.Rs.149.02 lakhs


    was sanctioned under PMGSY Ph-VII Grant.Retaining wall was proposed in the reach from 0/0 to 0/450m.
    From the preliminary investigations carried out at a depth of 1.20m below ground level,the soil is found to
    be Black soft clay with a SBC of 5 t/m2(Report enclosed).Due to very poor bearing capacity,cantilver retaining
    wall supported by plinth level beam and piles is proposed and the same was approved by the SE,PR,ELR.

    During execution,it is observed from the cutting of piles that sand layer is existing after a depth of
    2.00m from Ground level for the reach from 0/0 to 0/150m.Hence,the cutting of piles is not possible upto the
    designed depth of 3.00m.As such,revised designs were submitted by the Dy.E.E,PR,TPG for the retaining
    wall in the above reach,duly presuming that the SBC of the sand layer as 15t/m2.

    In this connection,it is submitted that the SE,PR,ELR returned the designs with instructions to
    carry out testing of sub soil for the reach from 0/0 to 0/150m and to approve the design of the retaining wall
    in that reach at the level of Executive Engineer.

    In the mean while,the Dy.Exe.Engineer,PR,TPG submitted soil testing reports at 2.00m depth
    for the proposed retaining wall from 0/0 to 0/150m.The test reports confirmed the fact that the SBC of the soil
    is 15t/m2.

    Based on the the test reports pertaining to the SBC of the sub soil ,the design submitted by the
    Dy.E.E,PR,TPG for gravity retaining wall was verified and design was also carried out independently.The
    section of the gravity retaing wall proposed is correct and economical.

    As such,if the authority pleases,necessary instructions may be issued to put up the designs for
    approval.

    For orders

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