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    Quetion 3-Optimization

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    badr am
    The decomposition method is described for optimizing a structure with multiple design parameters. The method involves breaking the overall optimization problem into subproblems by individually optimizing each parameter while holding the others fixed. This reduces the number of required calculations compared to optimizing all parameters simultaneously. Stiffness matrices describe the relationship between loads and displacements for structural elements. They are derived using finite element analysis and depend on the element type, geometry, and material properties.

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    Quetion 3-Optimization

    Uploaded by

    badr am
    47 views8 pages
    The decomposition method is described for optimizing a structure with multiple design parameters. The method involves breaking the overall optimization problem into subproblems by individually optimizing each parameter while holding the others fixed. This reduces the number of required calculations compared to optimizing all parameters simultaneously. Stiffness matrices describe the relationship between loads and displacements for structural elements. They are derived using finite element analysis and depend on the element type, geometry, and material properties.

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    Q3

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    Q3

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    The decomposition method is described for optimizing a structure with multiple design parameters. The method involves breaking the overall optimization problem into subproblems by individually optimizing each parameter while holding the others fixed. This reduces the number of required calculations compared to optimizing all parameters simultaneously. Stiffness matrices describe the relationship between loads and displacements for structural elements. They are derived using finite element analysis and depend on the element type, geometry, and material properties.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    47 views8 pages

    Quetion 3-Optimization

    Uploaded by

    badr am
    The decomposition method is described for optimizing a structure with multiple design parameters. The method involves breaking the overall optimization problem into subproblems by individually optimizing each parameter while holding the others fixed. This reduces the number of required calculations compared to optimizing all parameters simultaneously. Stiffness matrices describe the relationship between loads and displacements for structural elements. They are derived using finite element analysis and depend on the element type, geometry, and material properties.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 8

    Quetion 3- Optimization

    Explain the decomposition method and show an example


    Clearify the indication of the value of the value of stiffiness
    matrix of the whole structure Also the values of diplacement

    :Decomposition Method

    :The parameter variables


    X1 = number of supports
    X2 = number of layers
    X3 = spacing between supports
    X4 = member cross section D. Diameter
    W(x) = weight the whole structure
    . , W(x) = X1 , X2

    If we have four parameter X1, X2, X3, X4. we take the first
    parameter X1, X2 then we have iteration of X1 & X2 and we find
    . the optimum solution on X1 & X2
    Then we take the variable X3, X4 and have iteration for
    . this parameters and find the optimum solution of X3 & X4
    We have four values of X1, X2, X3, X4. then the iteration
    for these four values to find the optimum solution this method
    called Decomposition Method
    The number of the needed cases of calculation is here
    reduced by division of the set of task. The bicriteria
    optimization problem. From each of these problems is pointed
    preferable solution. The preferable solution is chosen on the
    basis of minimization of a scalar global function, where are
    .applied assumed weight coefficients
    X4

    X1
    Area
    X3

    X2

    Give Optimum Solution

    the indication of the value of stiffiness matrix-2

    Finite element method relation

    For the bar oriented along the elemental coordinate system


    =1, we can define its physical relation as follow

    K'x'=Q'.(2-1)

    i V
    K V
    N
    N 1

    3
    2

    L
    Fig1.1
    EA/L -EA/L 1 1 v N

    where K'= =EA/L , x'= Q'= (2.2)


    EA/L EA/L 1 1 vk NK-

    The matrix K'- is called as stiffness matrix of the bar, x'- is


    vector of longitudinal displacements of bar end , Q'- is vector of
    .reactions (forces) at the bar end
    In 2Dspace, the bar can be inclined by angle to the axes of
    local coordinate system Z , Fig 2.1 . In the case each nodal
    reaction has tow components along the axes. Therefore, in
    :equation (2.1) for such bar matrices obtain the form

    v N 0 1- 0 1

    0 0 0 0 0 0
    k'=EA/L , x'= , Q'= (2.3)
    v N 0 0 0 0

    0 0 0 0 0 0

    S2 Vk=V1

    U2
    Z2

    U1

    S1

    S2 V
    U2

    U1

    Z1

    S1

    Fig2.2
    Each component of displacements and reactions of the ends
    of the bar inclined by angle to the axis of local coordinate
    :system z may be calculated

    x'=Tx Q'=TQ(2.4)

    c s 0 0 u1 S1

    s c 0 0 u2 S2 -
    k=EA/L , x= , Q= (2.5)
    c s u1 S1 0 0

    s c u2 k S2 k - 0 0

    and s=sin c=cos

    Replacing above to (2.1) we obtain k'Tx=TQ .After leftside


    multiplying by T-1=TT we can write (T-1 k' T)x=T-1 TQ , or

    Kx=Q ..(2.6)

    where was used well known matrices relation I=T-1 T and was
    :denoted
    def
    -1 ,
    k=T K'T (2.7)
    c -s 0 0

    s c 0 0
    =TT
    c -s 0 0

    s c 0 0

    The relation (2.7) similarly as (2.1) is bhisical relation of the bar


    The same relations for only bended bar in princibal its planes ,
    .Fig 2.3, we obtain as follow
    a b
    3
    M=-M1 M=-M3
    Mk=M2
    Mk=M2
    N Nk N Nk

    d=dv3= d=dv3=
    T=-T3 T=-T3

    Tk=T3
    Tk=T3
    3 2

    Fig 2.3

    principal plan 013


    Here
    Q'=K'x' .(2.8)
    where
    T3 w

    M2
    Q'= , x'= (2.9)
    T3 w

    M2 k k

    12EI2/l3 -6EI2/l2 : -12EI2/l3 -6EI2/l2

    6EI2/l2 4EI2/l : 6EI2/l2 2EI2/l-

    K (2.10) =

    12EI2/l3 6EI2/l2 : 12EI2/l3 6EI2/l2

    6EI2/l2 2EI2/l : 6EI2/l2 4EI2/l-

    After completion the above relation (2.8) by influence of


    :longitudinal force ( 2.1), we can write

    Q'=K'x', (2.11)
    where

    T3 u

    T w

    M2
    Q'= , x'= (2.12)
    T3 u

    T w

    M2 k k

    EA/l 0 0 : EA/l 0 0

    12EI2/l3 -6EI2/l2 : 0 -12EI2/l3 -6EI2/l2 0


    0 -6EI2/l2 4EI2/l : 0 6EI2/l2 2EI2/l

    K3e= (2. 13)

    EA/l 0 0 : EA/l 0 0-

    12EI2/l3 6EI2/l2 : 0 12EI2/l3 6EI2/l2 0

    6EI2/l2 2EI2/l : 0 6EI2/l2 4EI2/l- 0

    principal plan 012

    Here
    Q'=K'x' .(2.14)
    where
    T2

    M3
    Q'= , x'= (2.15)
    T2

    M3 k k

    12EI3/l3 6EI3/l2 : 12EI3/l3 6EI3/l2


    6EI3/l2 4EI2/l : - 6EI3/l2 2EI3/l

    K (2.16) =

    12EI3/l3 - 6EI3/l2 : 12EI3/l3 6EI3/l2-

    6EI3/l2 2EI3/l : 6EI3/l2 4EI2/l

    After completion the above relation (2.8) by influence of


    :longitudinal force ( 2.1), we can write
    Q'=K'x', (2.17)
    where

    T3 u

    T w

    M2
    Q'= , x'= (2.18)
    T3 u

    T w

    M2 k k

    EA/l 0 0 : EA/l 0 0

    12EI2/l3 -6EI2/l2 : 0 -12EI2/l3 -6EI2/l2 0


    0 -6EI2/l2 4EI2/l : 0 6EI2/l2 2EI2/l

    K3e= (2. 19)

    EA/l 0 0 : EA/l 0 0-

    12EI2/l3 6EI2/l2 : 0 12EI2/l3 6EI2/l2 0

    6EI2/l2 2EI2/l : 0 6EI2/l2 4EI2/l- 0

    In the general case of combained bar loading (3D state of bar


    loading ) , we can write
    K'x'=Q'(2.20)

    T1 u
    T2 v
    T3 w
    M1 1
    M2 2
    M3 3
    x'= .. x'= (2.21)
    T1 u
    T2 v
    T3 w
    M1 1
    M2 2
    M3 k 3k

    :The values of displacement(3


    If the values of the displacement x ,y ,z are high then the strength of
    the structure is less and if the values of the displacement x ,y ,z are
    .low then the structure is more strength
    : for example
    If we have three structures the first has one layer , the second has two
    layer , the third has three layers actually the displacement x ,y ,z
    . for the first sructure is higher than the second and the third
    That is mean the strength of the structure for the one layer less than the
    other two, thats way the one layer structure is more sensitive than the
    .other two

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