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    2012 Operating Room Design Manual

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    JosephRusselVizmanos
    This document provides guidelines for operating room ventilation systems and infection control. It recommends that operating rooms use non-recirculating ventilation to prevent waste anesthetic gases from recirculating, and have a separate active gas disposal system. It also discusses how room ventilation impacts the distribution of airborne particles through air flow rates, directional airflow, pressure differentials, and HEPA filtration. Operating room ventilation systems should run continuously except during maintenance, to maintain positive pressure and prevent contaminated air from other areas. Air delivery and exhaust locations are also specified to minimize contamination.

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    2012 Operating Room Design Manual

    Uploaded by

    JosephRusselVizmanos
    48 views1 page
    This document provides guidelines for operating room ventilation systems and infection control. It recommends that operating rooms use non-recirculating ventilation to prevent waste anesthetic gases from recirculating, and have a separate active gas disposal system. It also discusses how room ventilation impacts the distribution of airborne particles through air flow rates, directional airflow, pressure differentials, and HEPA filtration. Operating room ventilation systems should run continuously except during maintenance, to maintain positive pressure and prevent contaminated air from other areas. Air delivery and exhaust locations are also specified to minimize contamination.

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    This document provides guidelines for operating room ventilation systems and infection control. It recommends that operating rooms use non-recirculating ventilation to prevent waste anesthetic gases from recirculating, and have a separate active gas disposal system. It also discusses how room ventilation impacts the distribution of airborne particles through air flow rates, directional airflow, pressure differentials, and HEPA filtration. Operating room ventilation systems should run continuously except during maintenance, to maintain positive pressure and prevent contaminated air from other areas. Air delivery and exhaust locations are also specified to minimize contamination.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    48 views1 page

    2012 Operating Room Design Manual

    Uploaded by

    JosephRusselVizmanos
    This document provides guidelines for operating room ventilation systems and infection control. It recommends that operating rooms use non-recirculating ventilation to prevent waste anesthetic gases from recirculating, and have a separate active gas disposal system. It also discusses how room ventilation impacts the distribution of airborne particles through air flow rates, directional airflow, pressure differentials, and HEPA filtration. Operating room ventilation systems should run continuously except during maintenance, to maintain positive pressure and prevent contaminated air from other areas. Air delivery and exhaust locations are also specified to minimize contamination.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    2012 Operating Room Design Manual

    surgical suction), and waste anesthetic gas disposal (WAGD). A recirculating ventilation system
    in the OR can be a problem if a passive WAGD system is in use. In a passive WAGD system,
    waste anesthetic gas from the anesthesia machine is directed to the room ventilation return
    duct that removes air from the OR. In a recirculating ventilation system, this waste anesthetic
    gas will mix with fresh air inflow and be returned to the same room or other areas of the
    facility. Thus, it is recommended not to use a passive WAGD system in new construction, and if
    it is used, ventilation should be the non-recirculating type. It is best to have a separate active
    WAGD system that is independent of both the ventilation and vacuum systems, and gases from
    the WAGD system need to be exhausted directly to the outside.

    Infection control is critical in ORs. Studies have demonstrated that most of the causes of wound
    contamination in the OR are the result of the patients skin flora and bacteria shed on airborne
    particles from the OR personnel.1,2 Room ventilation affects the distribution of these airborne
    particles in four ways: total ventilation (dilution), air distribution (directional airflow), room
    pressurization (infiltration barrier), and filtration (contaminant removal). As the air flows of the
    room increases, the greater the dilutional effect on airborne particles. Balancing this
    phenomenon is that while increased flow increases the effectiveness of air exchange, resultant
    turbulent flow increases microbial distribution throughout the room. Low-velocity
    unidirectional flow minimizes the spread of microbes in the room. Directional flow can be
    inward, from the outside into the OR (negative pressure), or outward, from the OR to the
    outside (positive pressure). Negative pressure ventilation is used for highly infective rooms in
    the hospital (e.g., isolation rooms for tuberculosis patients) and positive pressure ventilation is
    used for protective environments (e.g., ORs and rooms with immunocompromised patients).
    Positive-pressure ventilation is used with a minimum differential pressure of 2.5 Kpa between
    the OR and the corridors. Rarely, if there is highly infective patient in the OR, negative-pressure
    ventilation might be used (if available). Most hospital ORs are currently designed with HEPA
    filtration systems to maximize removal of contaminants in the air.

    Operating room ventilation systems should operate at all times, except during maintenance and
    conditions requiring shutdown by the buildings fire alarm system. During unoccupied hours, air
    exchange can be reduced as long as positive pressure is maintained in each OR. Complete
    shutdown of the ventilation system may permit airflow from areas with less clean air into the
    relatively negative pressure area of the ORs.

    Air is delivered to each OR from the ceiling, with downward movement toward several exhaust
    or return ducts near the floor. This design helps provide steady movement of clean air through
    the breathing and working zones. The AIA has specific guidelines for the location of outside
    fresh air inlets to minimize contamination from exhaust systems and noxious fumes. Fresh-air
    intakes (for instance, on the roof) are to be located at least 25 feet (7.62 meters) from exhaust
    systems and areas where noxious fumes may collect. Plumbing vents may end as close as 10
    feet (3.05 meters) to the air intake system.

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