Jofj;flos a\u/' kfng

(Commercial Pig Farming)

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Od]n M [email protected], Tel: 00977-56-570726

www.facebook.com/vhrtc

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Od]n M [email protected], Tel: 00977-56-570726

Copyright material

Jofj;flos a\u/' kfng 1

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(*$%)%##(! -df]=_, [email protected]

Copyright material

2 Jofj;flos a\u/' kfng

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(Instruction)

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;L=cf/=8L= M qmf]lgs /]:kfO/]6f]/L l8lhh
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cf}iflwsf] lj:t[t ljj/0f, h:t}M h]gl/s gfd, Jofkfl/s gfd, cf}iflwsf]
u'0f, dfqf, ljleGg pd]/sf a\u/' nfO{ lbOg] dfqf, ljiffQm k|efj,
k|of]udf ckgfpg'kg]{ ;fjwfgL, Kofsaf/] lj:t[t j0f{g ul/Psf] xfd|f]
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 e"ldsf
a\u/' kfng Joj;fo k/Dk/fut kdf g]kfndf ul/b} cfPsf] k];f xf] . xfnsf
lbgdf a\u/' kfng Jofj;flos kdf km:6fpb} uO/x]sf] 5 . 5f]6f] ;dodf cTolws
d'gfkmf sdfpg ;lsg] Joj;fo ePsf]n] ;f] k];ftkm{ w]/} dflg;x cfslif{t ePsf
5g\ . t/ Jofj;flos ;Lk, a\u/' sf] Joj:yfkg, cfxf/, /f]u, /f]usf /f]syfd Pjd\
pkrf/, kmfd{sf /]s8{ OToflbh:tf k|fljlws ;Lksf] sdL, kf7\o;fdu|Lsf] cefj tyf
kz':jf:Yo ;]jfdf ;+nUg k|fljlws, lrlsT;sxnfO{ a\u/' sf] gjLgtd\ pkrf/
ljlwaf/] kof{Kt hfgsf/L gx'g' o; k];fsf Jofj;flos ljsf;df r'gf}ltsf] kdf
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log} a\u/' kfngsf k|fljlws kIfx vf]/ Joj:yfkg, ljleGg pd]/sf a\u/' sf
:ofxf/, cfxf/, /f]u, /f]ulgbfg Pjd\ pkrf/, /f]usf /f]syfdaf/] ljZjsf y'k}| kz'
lrlsT;sxsf cg'ej;d]tnfO{ ;d]6L ;/n g]kfnL efiffdf ;lrq j0f{g;lxtsf
g]kfnsf k|yd k|sfzg ug]{ hdsf]{ u/]sf] 5' . xfn;Dd g]kfnL efiffdf o:tf k|sf/sf
k':ts k|sfzg gePsf] ;Gbe{df Jofj;flos a\u'/kfng gfds o; k':tsaf6
a\u/' kfns s[ifs, k|fljlws lzIffnoxdf e]6l] /g/L ljifodf cWoog/t 5fq5fqf,
kz' lrlsT;fsf] ;]jfdf ;+nUg k|fljlws, lrlsT;sx lgs} nfeflGjt x'g] ljZjf;
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-lk=o'=_ nfO{ ljz]if kdf wGojfb lbg rfxG5' . ;fy} x/]s lsl;dsf] ;xof]u ug]{ d]/f
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wGojfbsf kfq /x]sf 5g\ . k':tsdf n]vg, k|:t'lt s'g kdf s;/L ;Dej x'g
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(Contents)

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!= g]kfndf a\u/' kfngsf] dxj !&@)

@= a\u/' kmfd{sf] Joj:yfkg @!@%
#= a\u/' sf] vf]/ Joj:yfkg @%@*
#=! 7fpsf] 5gf}6 @%@^
#=@ jftfj/0fLo k|efj @^
#=# dfgjLo k|efj @^@&
#=$ ;fdflhs k|efj @&
#=% vf]/sf] lgdf{0f @&
#=^ oftfoft Joj:yfkg @&
#=& >lds Joj:yfkg @&
#=* ahf/ Joj:yfkg @*
#=( ljleGg pd]/sf a\u/' sf lglDt e'O+{ If]q @*
$= Aofpg] dfp a\u/' sf] vf]/ Joj:yfkg @(#@
$=! dfp a\u/' sf] Aofpg] vf]/sf] tof/L #!#@
$=@ kf7fkf7Lsf] :ofxf/ #@##
%= a\u/' sf] k|hgg tl/sf ###^
^= a\u/' sf] ;Gt'lnt cfxf/df x'gk' g]{ u'0fx #^#*
&= a\u/' sf] :jefj / pTkfbg #*#(

ljifo;"rL 7
 *= a\u/' sf] j}1flgs juL{s/0f $)
(= a\u/' sf] pkof]lutf $!$#
(=! a\u/' sf] pkof]lutf df;'afx]s $!
(=@ a\u/' sf] df;'sf] dxj $!$@
(=# a\u/' sf] df;'sf] kf]if0f dxj $@$#
!)= a\u/' sf] zf/Ll/s agfj6 $$%(
!)=! /Qm;~rf/ k|0ffnL $^$*
!)=@ kfrg k|0ffnL $*%!
!)=# cGt>fj u|lGy %!%@
!)=$ ODo'g k|0ffnL %@%$
!)=% df+;k]zLo k|0ffnL %$
!)=^ :gfo' k|0ffnL %%
!)=& k|hgg k|0ffnL %%%^
!)=* Zjf;k|Zjf; k|0ffnL %^%&
!)=( ljz]if r]tgfsf c\u k|0ffnL %&
!)=!) cl:y/k~h/ k|0ffnL %&%*
!)=!! d"q k|0ffnL %*%(
!!= g]kfndf a\u/' kfng Joj;fosf] cj:yf ^)
!@= g]kfndf kflnPsf a\u/' sf pGgt hft ^)^#
!#= g]kfndf kflnPsf a\u/' sf] :yfgLo hftx ^$^^
!$= a\u/' ;DaGwL tYo -Facts about pig_ ^&^*
!%= a\u/' ld;fpg] tl/sf ^*
!^= a\u/' kfngaf6 x'g] kmfObf ^(&)
!^=! a\u/' kfngaf6 x'g] a]kmfObf &)
!&= cfw'lgs a\u/' kfngdf cfly{s ;l~rtLs/0fdf k|efj kfg]{ tjx &!
!*= a\u/ 5gf}6sf cfwf/ -Selection criteria for pig_ &@&#
!*=! k|hggsf lglDt kf7Lsf 5gf}6 &@
!*=@ k|hggsf lglDt efn]sf 5gf}6 &@&#

8 ljifo;"rL
!(= a\u/' sf cfxf/ Joj:yfkg &$&(
!(=! kf7fkf7Lsf] cfxf/ &%
!(=@ 6'x/' f kf7fkf7Lsf cfxf/ &%&^
!(=# b"w r';fpg] dfp a\u/' sf] Joj:yfkg &&
!(=$ kf7fkf7Ldf d[To'b/ &&&*
!(=% ue{df kf7fkf7L dg]{ &*&(
@)= a\u/' sf] cfxf/ -Swine feeds_ *)(&
@)=! lk|:6f6{/ /fzg *!
@)=@ :6f6{/ /fzg *!
@)=# u|fc] ;{ /fzg *!*@
@)=$ lkmlg;/ /fzg *@
@)=% uef{j:yfsf /fzg *@
@)=^ b"w r';fpg] cj:yfsf /fzg *@
@)=& kf7fkf7L hGdfpg] ;dosf /fzg *@*#
@)=* jo:s kf]yLsf /fzg *#
@)=( ljleGg pd]/sf a\u/' sf lglDt bfgfsf
;ld>0f gd'gf !!& ;Dd *#(&
@!= le6fldG; -Vitamins_ (*!))
@!=! le6fldgsf sdLsf sf/0f a\u/' df b]lvg] nIf0f (*((
@@= a\u/' kfngdf kfgLsf] dxj !)!!)#
@#= Aofpg] a\u/' sf] :ofxf/ Pjd\ Joj:yf !)$!!)
@#=! Aofpg] k|lqmof !)%
@#=@ Aofpg] ;dodf a\u/' sf] Joj:yfkg !)^!!)
@$= kf]yL a\u/' sf] Ct'rqm k|0ffnL !!!!!^
@%= efn] a\u/' sf] k|hgg ljsf; !!&!!(
@^= a\u/' sf] kf7fkf7Lsf] x]/rfx !!(!@!
@^=! a\u/' sf] cg'dflgt Aofpg] ;do !@!

ljifo;"rL 9
 @&= a\u/' nfO{ 9'jfgL ug]{ !@@!@$
@*= a\u/' sf] vf]k !@$!@&
@(= kf7fsf] bft x6fpg] @!&!@*
#)= a\u/' nfO{ v;L kfg]{ !@(!#!
#!= a\u/' df lrx\gf] nufpg] tl/sf !#!!##
#@= a\u/' nfO{ sfa' ug]{ tl/sf !#$!#%
##= kf7fsf /QmcNktf !#^!#*
#$= a\u/' sf] :jf:Yo k/LIf0f ljlw !#(!$@
#%= vf]/sf] k/LIf0f ljlw !$@!$$
#%=! kf7fkf7L hGdfPsf] vf]/sf] lg/LIf0f hfr tflnsf !$@
#%=@ kf7fkf7L 5'6o\ fPsf] vf]/sf] lg/LIf0f hfr tflnsf !$@!$#
#%=# gAofPsf] efn]kf]yL a\u/' sf] lg/LIF0f hfr tflnsf !$#!$$
#%=$ /f]uL kf]yL a\u/' sf] lglDt Joj:yfkg !$$
#^= a\u/' df /f]u nfUgsf sf/0f !$%!$^
#^=! a\u/' df ;\qmfds /f]u ;g]{ tl/sf !$^!$&
#^=@ a\u/' df hLjf0f'f/f nfUg] /f]udf b]lvg] k|dv' nIf0f !$&!$*
#^=# a\u/' df efO/n l8lhhdf b]lvg] k|dv ' nIf0fx !$*!$(
#^=$ a\u/' df dfOsf]6lS;gsf ljiffQm dfqf
/ b]lvg] nIf0f !$(!%)
#^=% vlgh tjsf] sdL tyf cTolwstfsf sf/0f
b]lvg] nIf0f !%)!%!
#^=^ le6fldg tyf kf]if0f tjsf] sdL tyf
cTolwstfsf sf/0f b]lvg] nIf0fx !%!!%#
#&= a\u/' nfO{ ;'O{ nufpg] ljlw !%$!^&
#&=! a\u/' sf] /f]u ljz]ifdf k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] PlG6afof]l6s !^#
#&=@ ;'O{ f/f k|of]u ug]{ cf}iflw / ;f]sf] dfqf !^$
#&=# a\u/' sf] bfgfl;t lbg ldNg] PlG6afof]l6s
tyf ;f]sf] dfqf !^$!^%

10 ljifo;"rL
 #&=$ a\u/' sf] /f]u ljz]ifdf kfgLl;t k|of]u ug{ ;lsg]
PlG6afof]l6s cf}iflwx !^^
#&=% lkUn]6 :sf];d{ f d'vaf6 vfglbg ldNg] PlG6afof]l6s cf}iflw !^^
#&=^ a\u/' sf] Zjf;k|Zjf;;DaGwL /f]udf k|of]u ug{ ldNg]
lkm8 PlG6afof]l6s !^&
#*= kfrg k|0ffnLsf /f]ux !^*!*!
#*=! x]df]/l] hs af]on l;G8fd] -HBS_ !^*!&)
#*=@ k]l/6f]gfOl6; -Peritonitis_ !&)!&!
#*=# cfp kg]{ -Dysentery_ !&!!&@
#*=$ Uofl:6s cN;/ -Gastric ulcer_ !&@!&%
#*=% 5]g{] -Diarrhoea_ !&%!&^
#*=^ sf]nfOl6; -Colitis_ !&&!&*
#*=& slAhot -Constipation_ !&*!&(
#*=* x\jfO6 :sf];{ -White scours_ !&(!*)
#*=( afGtf ug]{ -Vomiting_ !*)!*!
#(= d]6faf]lns /f]ux !*@!*&
#(=! xfOkf]UnfO;]ldof /f]u -Hypoglycaemia_ !*@!*$
#(=@ Pd=Pd=P= l;G8fd] -MMA syndrome_ !*$!*^
#(=# OSnfDkl;of -Eclampsia_ !*^!*&
$)= d"q k|0ffnLsf /f]ux !**!(!
$)=! kfOnf]gk] m| fOl6; -Pyelonephritis_ !**!*(
$)=@ l/gn O:r]ldof -Renal ischemia_ !()!(!
$!= 5fnf;DaGwL /f]ux !(!!(#
$!=! kf]l;{g 8df{6fOl6; PG8 g]km| f]KofyL l;G8fd] !(!!(#
$!=@ xfOk/s]/fl6gfh];g -Hyperkeratinization_ !(#
$!=# kmf]6f];l] G;6fOh];g -Photosensitization_ !(#
$@= k|hgg k|0ffnLsf /f]ux !($@))

ljifo;"rL 11
 $@=! OG8f]d6] f Ol6; -Endometritis_ !($!(^
$@=@ ln\uaf6 /ut aUg] !(^!(&
$@=# e8fNgf] kmls{g] -Prolapse_ !(&!(*
$@=$ ;'taf6 t/n kbfy{ aUg] -Vulval discharge_ !(*@))
$#= :gfo' k|0ffnLsf /f]ux @)!@)#
$#=! n\u8fpg] -Lameness_ @)!@)#
$$= Zjf;k|Zjf; k|0ffnLsf /f]ux @)$@)^
$$=! lgdf]lgof -Pneumonia_ @)$@)^
$%= a\u/' sf] j+zfg'ut /f]u @)&@!)
$%=! kf]l;{g :6;] l;G8fd] -Porcine stress syndrome_ @)*@)(
$%=@ sGh]gfO6n 6d] / -Congenital tremor_ @)(@!)
$^= a\u/' df hLjf0f'af6 nfUg] /f]ux @!)@$(
$^=! y'gn] f] -Mastitis_ @!)@!@
$^=@ wg'i6\sf/ /f]u -Tetanus_ @!@@!#
$^=# lu|hLlku l8lhh -Greasy pig disease_ @!$@!^
$^=$ Unf;/ /f]u -Glasser disease_ @!&@@)
$^=% :jfOg Ol/l;k]n; -Swine erysipelas_ @@)@@^
$^=^ n]K6f]:kfO/f]l;; -Leptospirosis_ @@^@@*
$^=& Eofu't] /f]u -Pasteurellosis_ @@*@#)
$^=* PlS6gf]Aofl;n; l:j; ;]lK6;]ldof -ASS_ @#)@#@
$^=( r/r/] /f]u -Black quarter_ @#@@#$
$^=!) PlS6gf]Aofl;n; Kn'/f]lgdf]lgof -APP_ @#$@#*
$^=!! :sf];{ -;]tf] 5]g{] /f]u_ @#*@#(
$^=!@ kNdf]g/L af]86{] n] f]l;; -Pulmonary bordetellosis_ @#(@$)
$^=!# ;fndf]gn] f]l;; -Salmonellosis_ @$)@$#
$^=!$ln:6]l/of]l;; -Listeriosis_ @$$@$%
$^=!% a|;' n] f]l;; /f]u -Brucellosis disease_ @$%@$^

12 ljifo;"rL
 $^=!^ P6fl] kms /fOgfOl6; -Atrophic rhinitis_ @$^@$*
$^=!& k6s] /f]u -Anthrax_ @$*@$(
$&= a\u/' df ljiff0f'af6 nfUg] /f]ux @%)@&%
$&=! kf]l;{g kfef]e{ fO/; -Porcine parvovirus_ @%)@%!
$&=@ jfl:6\u l8lhh -Wasting disease_ @%!@%@
$&=# :jfOg OGn'OGhf -Swine influenza_ @%#@%$
$&=$ lk=cf/=cf/= l;G8fd] -PRRS_ @%$@%^
$&=% vf]/t] /f]u -FMD_ @%^@%(
$&=^ OG;]kmfnf]dfof]sf8f{Ol6; -Encephalomyocarditis_ @%(@^!
$&=& /]lah -Rabies_ @^!@^@
$&=* l;p8f] /]lah -Pseudo rabies_ @^@@^$
$&=( :jfOg e]l;s'n/ /f]u -SVD_ @^$@^^
$&=!)a\u/' sf] lakm/ -Swine pox_ @^^@^*
$&=!! An' cfO l8lhh -Blue eye disease_ @^*@&)
$&=!@ ;'u /' sf] x}hf -Swine fever_ @&)@&%
$*= a\u/' df k|f6] f]hj' faf6 nfUg] /f]ux @&%@*!
$*=! Ok/y|fh ] g' f]l;; -Eperythrozoonosis_ @&%@&*
$*=@ slS;l8of]l;; -Coccidiosis_ @&*@&(
$*=# AnflG6l8od sf]nfO -Balantidium coli_ @*)@*!
$(= a\u/' df 9';Laf6 nfUg] /f]ux @*!@($
$(=! dfOsf]6lS;sf]l;; -Mycotoxicosis_ @*!@*$
$(=@ cnf6lS;g -Aflatoxin_ @*$@*%
$(=# cf]s/f6lS;g tyf ;fOl6lgg @*%@*&
$(=$ lh/flngf]g -Zearalenone_ @*&@**
$(=% Ouf]6{ sf] ljiffQm -Ergot toxins_ @**@*(
$(=^ 6fOsf]ly;]g -Trichothecene_ @()
$(=& lk7\os " f] df;' s'lxg] /f]u -Back muscle necrosis_ @()@(@

ljifo;"rL 13
 $(=* v'/ s'lxg] /f]u -Bush foot_ @(@@(#
$(=( bfb -Ring worm_ @(#@($
%)= a\u/' df le6fldg tyf vlgh tjsf] sdLaf6 nfUg] /f]ux @(%@(*
%)=! afof]l6gsf] sdL -Biotin deficiency_ @(%
%)=@ cf]:6f]dnfl;of -Osteomalacia_ @(^@(&
%)=# dna]/L x6{ l8lhh -Mulberry heart disease_ @(&@(*
%!= a\u/' df cfGtl/s k/hLjLaf6 nfUg] /f]ux @((#)#
%!=! uf]nf]hs ' f -Ascariasis_ #))#)@
%!=@ lkmt]hsf -Tapeworm_ #)@#)#
%@= a\u/' df aflx/L k/hLjLaf6 nfUg] /f]ux #)$#)^
%@=! n'tf] -Mange_ #)%#)^
%#= a\u/' sf] vf]/sf] lg;\qmd0f #)&#)^
%#=! o'ldu];g ug]{ ljlw #!!#!@
%$= a\u/' kmfd{df afof];S] o'l/6L #!@#@!
%%= a\u/' sf ljljw /f]ux #@@#@^
%%=! a\u/' sf] sfg kfSg] #@@
%%=@ 3fp -Abscess_ #@@#@$
%%=# Hj/f] -Fever_ #@$#@%
%%=$ a\u/' df tgfj #@%#@^
%^= ljif nfUg] #@&#$%
%^=! ljif nfu]sf] klxrfg ug]{ tl/sf #@&##!
%^=@ nIf0fsf] cfwf/df ljifsf] ;DefJotf ##@##$
%^=# cnsqfsf] ljif -Coal tar poisoning_ ##$##%
%^=$ sk/ ;Nkm]6sf] ljiffQm -Copper sulphate poisoning_ ##%##^
%^=% cfO/g 8]S:6fgsf ljiffQm ##^##&
%^=^ gfO66] tyf gfO6fO6sf] ljif ##*
%^=& cuf{gf]kmf]:kmf]/;sf] ljif ##(

14 ljifo;"rL
 %^=* Snf]l/g]68] xfO8fs ] fa{gsf] ljif #$)#$!
%^=( ;]nl] godsf] ljiffQm #$!#$@
%^=!) Pdf]lgofsf ljiffQm #$@#$#
%^=!! g'gsf] ljiffQm -Salt poisoning_ #$##$$
%^=!@ xfO8fh ] g ;NkmfO8sf] ljif #$$#$%
%&= a\u/' kmfd{df /]s8{ /fVg] tl/sf #$%#$(
%*= a\u/' l;t ;DalGwt zAbfjnL #%)#^!
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%(=@ a\u/' sf] afof]sd] :] 6Lsf] ;fdfGo dfqf #^@#^#
%(=# dfp a\u/' sf] ;fdfGo b"w tyf lj3f}tL b"wsf] agfj6 #^#
^)= gfktf}n;DaGwL hfgsf/L #^$#^%
^)=! a\u/' sf] tf}n lgsfNg] tl/sf #^^
^!= j:t'ut k|Zg -Multiple choice question_ #^&#&$
^@= j0ff{gq' md ;"rL #&%#*)
^#= ;Gbe{ u|Gyx -References_ #*!#*%

ljifo;"rL 15
16 t:jL/
 g]kfndf a\u/
' kfngsf] dxj
(Importance of pig farming in Nepal)

g]kfndf 3/kfn'jfsf] kdf a\u/' kfngsf] rng k/Dk/fut kdf w]/}

k'/fgf] ;dob]lv rNb} cfPsf] xf] . kxf8sf s]xL ;d'bfox vf;u/L /fO{, lnDa"xsf]
;dfhdf sfnf] /\usf] a\u/' kfng ug]{ rng k/Dk/fut kdf /lxcfPsf] 5 .
ljz]if rf8kj{ tyf pT;jxdf a\u/' sf] df;'sf] kl/sf/ lgs} dxj /fVg]
ub{5 . t/ cfhsf] ;dodf a\u/' kfng Joj;fo s'g} hftljz]ifdf dfq ;Lldt
g/xL Joj;fosf] kdf ljsl;t x'g k'us ] f] 5, h;n] ubf{ a\u/' sf] ;\Vof lbg
k|ltlbg a9\b} uO/x]sf] 5 . 5f]6f] cjlwdf cTolws d'gfkmf lbg] Joj;fosf] kdf
a\u/' kfng ljsl;t x'b } uO/x]sf] 5 . g]kfndf a\u/' sf] ;\Vof cGo ljsf;If]qsf]
t'ngfdf dWo ljsf; If]qdf lgs} g} a9L 5 . a\u/' kfng ubf{ sl/a ^!% vr{
bfgfdf, !! k|ltzt Hofnfdf, vf]/ lgdf{0fdf !) k|ltzt tyf cGodf !^ k|ltzt
vr{ x'ghfG5 . t;y{ Jojl:yt tl/sfaf6 a\u/' kfng ubf{ /fd|} kmfObf lng
;lsG5 . g]kfnsf] ljleGg If]qdf a\u/' sf] ;\Vof o;k|sf/ /x]sf] 5 M

g]kfndf a\u/
' sf] ;\Vof
(Pig population in Nepal)

e"If]qsf] cfwf/df a\u/' sf] ;\Vof -Eco-zone based_

;|f]t M kz' ;]jf ljefu l/kf]6{, @))%

g]kfndf a\u/' kfngsf] dxj 17