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    6 4IonizEnergy

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    Shehbaz Yaseen
    The document discusses ionization energy and how it varies depending on three factors: the distance between the electron and nucleus, the number of protons in the nucleus, and shielding by inner electrons. It provides ionization energies for noble gases and elements in the second period and uses diagrams of atomic orbitals and the Bohr model to explain trends in ionization energy.

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    6 4IonizEnergy

    Uploaded by

    Shehbaz Yaseen
    210 views1 page
    The document discusses ionization energy and how it varies depending on three factors: the distance between the electron and nucleus, the number of protons in the nucleus, and shielding by inner electrons. It provides ionization energies for noble gases and elements in the second period and uses diagrams of atomic orbitals and the Bohr model to explain trends in ionization energy.

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    ionization energy

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    6-4IonizEnergy

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    The document discusses ionization energy and how it varies depending on three factors: the distance between the electron and nucleus, the number of protons in the nucleus, and shielding by inner electrons. It provides ionization energies for noble gases and elements in the second period and uses diagrams of atomic orbitals and the Bohr model to explain trends in ionization energy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    210 views1 page

    6 4IonizEnergy

    Uploaded by

    Shehbaz Yaseen
    The document discusses ionization energy and how it varies depending on three factors: the distance between the electron and nucleus, the number of protons in the nucleus, and shielding by inner electrons. It provides ionization energies for noble gases and elements in the second period and uses diagrams of atomic orbitals and the Bohr model to explain trends in ionization energy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 1

    Periodic Trends Ionization Energy Name ________________

    Chem Worksheet 6-4


    Ionization describes the process in which an electron is removed from an atom in the gaseous state.
    The amount of energy required to remove the outer electron is called the first ionization energy.
    Successive electrons can be removed as well. The following equations show the first and second
    ionization for the nitrogen atom. First Ionization N(g) N+(g) + e
    Shielding Second Ionization N+(g) N2+(g) + e
    e
    Electrostatic Attraction
    e
    e e Bohrs model of sodium. The outer First Ionization Energy
    e +++ e electron is attracted to the nucleus by
    ++ e opposite charge. It is also shielded 2500
    e 2
    e by the core electrons.
    e e
    10
    2000

    Ionization Energy (kJ/mol)


    18
    The ionization energy varies depending on 1500
    36
    how strongly each electron is held to the 54

    nucleus. This attractive force is related to three 1000

    factors. First, the distance between the electron


    500
    and the nucleus affects the electrostatic
    attraction: the closer the electron the stronger 0
    the force. Second, the number of protons in the 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

    nucleus can affect the attraction of the Atomic Number

    electrons. The more electrons there are the


    greater the attraction. Finally, the electrons between the nucleus and the outermost electron are
    responsible for a repulsion called shielding.

    Use the chart above to answer the following questions.


    1. Use the graph to list the ionization energies for the noble gases (He, Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe).
    2. Make a statement of the trend observed in ionization energy as you go down the periodic table.
    (from He Ne Ar Kr Xe)
    3. Make a list of the ionization energies for the elements in the second period (elements 3 10).
    lithium boron nitrogen fluorine
    beryllium carbon oxygen neon

    4. What is the general trend in ionization energy as you move across the second period?
    5. Draw a diagram of neon (z = 10) and sodium (z = 11) atoms using the Bohr model (see above).
    6. Use your model to explain why the first ionization energy for sodium is so much lower than neon.
    7. There is a slight spike in the ionization energy for nitrogen (z = 7), phosphorus (z = 15) and arsenic
    (z = 33). What do these elements all have in common?
    8. Draw an orbital diagram for nitrogen (z = 7) and oxygen (z = 8).
    N O
    1s 2s 2p 1s 2s 2p
    9. Use your orbital diagrams to explain why it is easier to remove the outer electron of oxygen than the
    outer electron of nitrogen.
    10. Explain the large drops in ionization energy for Li (z = 3), Na (z = 11), and K (z = 19) from their
    preceding elements.
    John Erickson, 2005 WS6-4IonizEnergy

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