From Invention to Innovation:

Building a globally relevant and competitive knowledge society

Submission to the House of Commons

Standing Committee on Finance

By Noreen Golfman, President

Canadian Federation for the Humanities and Social Sciences

August 2010
August 12, 2010

Standing Committee on Finance

House of Commons of Canada
Ottawa, Ontario
K1A 0A6

To the Members of the Committee,

Attached please find the pre-budget submission from the Canadian Federation for the Humanities and
Social Sciences, for consideration in the development of the 2011 federal budget. Representing more
than 50,000 researchers in 72 scholarly associations, 75 universities and colleges, and 6 affiliates, the
Canadian Federation for the Humanities and Social Sciences is the national voice for the university
research and learning community in these disciplines.

We look forward to discussing our recommendations with you in greater detail at the committee
hearings in September. I welcome you to contact Pierre Normand, Director of Communications, at
613.238.6112 ext. 351 or [email protected] to discuss this further.

Sincerely,

Noreen Golfman
President
Executive summary

“Knowing is not enough; we must apply. Willing is not enough; we must do.”
(Goethe)

This year, Canada played host to the world, from the Olympics to the G8 and G20, while continuing to
emerge from recession. Yet despite achieving these milestones, the foundations of our future prosperity
must be reinforced to better address the challenges and opportunities facing our nation.

These foundations for innovation must include continued investments in research and teaching —
despite fiscal constraints and pressures for the coming years. To achieve the necessary synergy and
productivity, greater attention must be paid to the human and organizational dimensions of the issues
facing Canadians. As we continue to strive for excellence as a nation, our investments must recognize
the contributions of the social and human sciences to economic renewal.

Building on the new program architecture at the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council
(SSHRC) and inspired by some of the elements of the Canada Excellence Research Chairs and programs
at the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) and the Canadian Institutes of Health
Research (CIHR), the Canadian Federation for the Humanities and Social Sciences encourages the
Government to make new investments in social sciences and humanities research to support the
country’s overall innovation capacity. The features of this new investment should include:

Well-defined ambitious and large themes linked to pressing socio-economic issues, with direct
relevance in Canada and within the international community;
Cross-sectoral, interdisciplinary, cross-jurisdictional work as required by the issues;
Promoting knowledge mobilization and links with users in the public, private, and voluntary
sectors;
Strengthening the ability of not-for-profits to partner with academia to address socio-economic
issues, notably by creating a level playing field for the voluntary sector to access start-up and
entrepreneurial funds that are at present available only to business;
Support for skills development and mobility nationally and internationally;
Developing clusters of global expertise at Canadian universities; and
Training of next-generation research talent by providing opportunities to work with best
researchers and users in public, private and voluntary sectors.

“Leading business educators have long understood that a developed capacity to imagine
is a keystone of a healthy business culture. Innovation requires minds that are flexible,
open, and creative; literature and the arts cultivate these capacities. When they are
lacking, a business culture quickly loses steam.”

(Martha Nussbaum, University of Chicago)

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 “Our public innovation strategies need to become more sophisticated and balanced. We
need to recognize that supporting science for new inventions is not enough; we need to
create an environment where business people draw on new science and many other
disciplines to innovate, creating new products, services, and processes.”

(Institute for Competitiveness and Prosperity – Report on Canada 2010)

From Invention to Innovation: Building a globally relevant and competitive

knowledge society

Thanks to significant discoveries and advances in technology, people and nations today are connected in
ways that few had imagined just a generation ago. Canadians not only live in an increasingly connected
global community, they are also much healthier, benefiting from a quality of life that is among the
highest in the world. Canadians have much to be proud of, as many of the discoveries and inventions
that are transforming our lives were generated at universities across the country.

But Canadians are also facing issues related to an aging Digital humanities: Driver in the
population, lagging productivity, environmental information age
sustainability, social harmony, justice, global
competitiveness, and security. These cannot be solved by In the digital economy, the contributions
technology alone or singlehandedly by any organization, of researchers in anthropology,
government or even field of research. These issues cut education, ethics, history, linguistics,
across sectors and jurisdictions, and finding solutions to literary studies, media studies,
them requires the full mobilization of our talent and philosophy, political theory, psychology
expertise. It also requires a culture of innovation that values and religious studies have the potential
equally discovery, invention, the creation of new knowledge, to enrich all sorts of projects bridging
and its applications to social enterprise, new business business, education, government, not-
models, improved services, and better policies. for-profit, and cultural organizations. A
capacity for conceptual thinking, critical
The global financial crisis that shook economies around the analysis and reflection make these
world continues to be a concern, despite massive researchers particularly useful, as they
government interventions. While Canada has weathered the provide essential social, cultural and
economic downturn better than most nations, many ethical anchors for society and play an
Canadians are still apprehensive about the economic integrating role in multidisciplinary
projects.
recovery and future prosperity. They also sense the
opportunities of the digital age, and the extent to which new European Commission
technologies, content and skills are needed to seize them. Research Connection Conference,
Prague 2009

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MOVING FORWARD: Social Sciences and Humanities key to creativity, imagination
and innovation

More than ever, knowledge and understanding of ideas and behaviour are at the heart of the economic,
social, cultural and political challenges and opportunities of our age. Today’s world is made up of
increasingly complex and interconnected relationships that are paramount to social, cultural and
economic prosperity and resilience. The increasing demand for this knowledge, combined with changes
across the research landscape, presents great opportunities for social sciences and humanities
researchers and their partners.

Business leaders, including Roger Martin (Dean, In Action: Linking research and communities
Rotman School of Management) and the Institute Mapping quality of life of Canada’s small cities
for Competiveness and Prosperity in the Report This BC-based Community-University Research Alliance is
on Canada: Beyond the Recovery and Tom exploring the changing economic, social and environmental
Jenkins (Executive Chairman and Chief Strategy aspects of Canada’s small municipalities. 5 universities and 37
Officer, Open Text Corporation) at the Canada 3.0 community research partners, including city councils,
Conference, are calling for new, inclusive Aboriginal bands, museums and local NGOs, are jointly
strategies for advancing knowledge that reflect a mapping the futures of these cities bound by rural traditions.
human dimension, especially in areas once
considered exclusively scientific, medical or Making roads safer around the world
technological. An increasing number of A video game, based on SSHRC-funded research, is educating
people around the world on the dangers of drunk driving. In
partnerships are enabling the creation and
2009, the US army acquired the game for its members. Police
sharing of research knowledge, and connections
departments, schools and not-for-profit groups in Canada, the
are being made across the public, private and US, New Zealand and Sweden are also using the game.
not-for-profit sectors. There are fine examples of
such research taking place around the country on Accessibility at the 2010 Olympic Games
topic such as aging, immigration, digital media, The City of Vancouver used an accessibility tool created
and Aboriginal peoples to name just a few. through SSHRC-funded research on disabilities and technology
to ensure information, retail and public services at the 2010
Talented, skilled, creative people are at the heart Olympic Games were accessible to all.
of successful societies, as economist Richard
Florida and others have stated. Demand is Better services for seniors
The book By Himself: The Older Man’s Experience of
growing across the private, public and not-for-
Widowhood is being used by social workers and caregivers to
profit sectors for highly qualified personnel who better understand the needs of seniors who have lost their
are creative, analytical and articulate, as well as wives. Based on SSHRC-funded research, the book is changing
sophisticated in their understanding of the way services are developed and delivered to older men.
individuals, business, communities and societies.

These important contributions by our community will be enhanced by the new program architecture at
SSHRC, which is creating a simpler, more effective and flexible system for supporting research and talent
development. The new Talent, Insight and Connection programs aim to meet society’s current demands
for increased knowledge and understanding, and to support world-class research undertaken by
individual researchers, teams and cross-sector partnerships that connect the campus with larger society.

The Federation firmly believes that such approaches from all three granting councils are well-suited for
creating essential new knowledge, and deserve continued and full support. With the creation of the
College and Community Innovation Program, the Canada Graduate Scholarships, the Vanier Canada
Graduate Scholarships, the Canada Research Chairs, the Banting Postdoctoral Fellowships and the

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Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Canadian universities are developing, attracting and retaining world-
class research talent.

Still missing to achieve results is a more inclusive and nimble approach to innovation and knowledge
dissemination. Investing in the development, attraction and retention of the best research talent and
providing them with opportunities to collaborate with the community is in line with the federal
government’s goals to create talent, knowledge and entrepreneurial advantages for Canada to compete
in the knowledge economy. The pursuit of excellence is also compatible with a strong commitment to
diversity in attracting leading-edge researchers who reflect our nation’s changing demographics.

Developing capacity for long term collaboration and creating mentoring opportunities in the public,
private and voluntary sectors would significantly enhance the capacity of the social sciences and
humanities research community to mobilize knowledge to the benefit of Canadians. Existing
opportunities such as the Networks of Centres of Excellence (NCE) Industrial Research and Development
Internships have proven how successful relationships between not-for-profits, business and academia
can lead to innovative and creative results. Strengthening the ability of not-for-profits to partner with
academia could expand these opportunities, notably by creating a level playing field for the voluntary
sector to access funds available only to business, such as the Business-Led NCEs.

Creating new Canada Excellence Research Chairs in areas of critical socio-economic importance (see
appendix for proposed list) would support the development of clusters of global expertise at Canadian
universities, which are well connected with domestic and international partners.

The Canadian Federation for the Humanities and Social Sciences is recommending enhanced focus
on the development and mentoring of the next generation of social science and humanities talent
through new programs aimed at supporting the highest levels of excellence in collaborative
settings involving business, government, not-for-profits and the voluntary sector.

From Invention to Innovation

Other nations in the world are also recognizing the critical contribution of social sciences and humanities research to
address the principal challenges faced by societies today.

With its focus on solving problems and informing policy, the EU’s Socio-economic Sciences and Humanities Research
Programme tackles issues that are or will be crucial for societies and economies in the mid or longer term. Social
sciences and humanities research is expected to make a relevant contribution to European development by
identifying answers to some of its main challenges: enhancing competitiveness with social cohesion, fostering
sustainable development and quality of life, exploring a European identity alongside national identities, enhancing
Europe’s role in international governance, and reforming political institutions at European and national levels.

The Federation identifies a number of elements that should be considered for future investments in Canada’s overall
innovation capacity:
Well-defined ambitious and large themes linked to pressing socio-economic issues, with direct relevance in
Canada and within the international community;
Cross-sectoral, interdisciplinary, cross-jurisdictional work as required by the issues;
Promoting knowledge mobilization and links with users in the public, private, and voluntary sectors;
Strengthening the ability of not-for-profits to partner with academia notably by creating a level playing field
for the voluntary sector to access start-up and entrepreneurial funds currently available only to business;
Support for skills development and mobility nationally and internationally;
Development of clusters of global expertise at Canadian universities; and
Training of next-generation research talent by providing opportunities to work with best researchers and
users in public, private and voluntary sectors.

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 Appendix: Mobilizing Research to the Benefit of Canadians

Research knowledge flows in multiple directions—across disciplines, sectors and national borders—as
well as among specialists and the general public. Success in the knowledge-based society and economy
requires increased access to and use of research skills, expertise and results in order to enhance quality
of life and prosperity for Canadians.

With a goal to enhance the national capacity to put knowledge to work, the Federation supports new
investments in programs that promote cross-sectoral, interdisciplinary and cross-jurisdictional
collaboration on issues connecting the local with the global. Possible themes include:

Building the economy of tomorrow today

o Digital society and economy, digital literacy and innovation

o Infrastructure and governance for mega-cities
o Green energy and sustainable economies
o Climate change, adaptation strategies
o Prosperity and self-governance in the North

Creating a just, civil and prosperous society

o Immigration and labor, diaspora and development, racial and religious tolerance, civic
engagement, and new identities
o Diversity, equality, justice
o Youth engagement, learning and skills, labour market
o Aboriginal education, health, engagement
o Aging populations, elderly care, dignified end of life, economic security, intergenerational
relations
o Community and family well-being
o Changing realities of rural communities

Canada in the world

o Terrorism, cybercrime and public security

. o Strengthening humanitarian assistance in a connected and more vulnerable world
o Food security
o Global financial system and banking
o Re-energizing the Millennium Development Goals—getting the bottom billion out of poverty
o Human rights and democracy, gender equality, child protection
o Social inclusion
o International governance in a globalized world