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    Surface Waves: Rayleigh and Love Waves Particle Motion Phase and Group Velocity Dispersion

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    Ezzadin Baban
    This document discusses surface waves, including Rayleigh and Love waves. It provides details on: 1) Particle motion, phase and group velocity, and dispersion properties of surface waves. 2) Rayleigh waves involve elliptical particle motion confined to the vertical plane, with velocity less than shear wave velocity. 3) Love waves are horizontally polarized and require a layered subsurface, with velocity between shear wave velocities of layers. 4) Both Rayleigh and Love waves exhibit dispersion, where phase and group velocities decrease with frequency in "normal dispersion".

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    Surface Waves: Rayleigh and Love Waves Particle Motion Phase and Group Velocity Dispersion

    Uploaded by

    Ezzadin Baban
    69 views6 pages
    This document discusses surface waves, including Rayleigh and Love waves. It provides details on: 1) Particle motion, phase and group velocity, and dispersion properties of surface waves. 2) Rayleigh waves involve elliptical particle motion confined to the vertical plane, with velocity less than shear wave velocity. 3) Love waves are horizontally polarized and require a layered subsurface, with velocity between shear wave velocities of layers. 4) Both Rayleigh and Love waves exhibit dispersion, where phase and group velocities decrease with frequency in "normal dispersion".

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    Surface Waves

    Original Title

    12-Surface Waves

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    This document discusses surface waves, including Rayleigh and Love waves. It provides details on: 1) Particle motion, phase and group velocity, and dispersion properties of surface waves. 2) Rayleigh waves involve elliptical particle motion confined to the vertical plane, with velocity less than shear wave velocity. 3) Love waves are horizontally polarized and require a layered subsurface, with velocity between shear wave velocities of layers. 4) Both Rayleigh and Love waves exhibit dispersion, where phase and group velocities decrease with frequency in "normal dispersion".

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    69 views6 pages

    Surface Waves: Rayleigh and Love Waves Particle Motion Phase and Group Velocity Dispersion

    Uploaded by

    Ezzadin Baban
    This document discusses surface waves, including Rayleigh and Love waves. It provides details on: 1) Particle motion, phase and group velocity, and dispersion properties of surface waves. 2) Rayleigh waves involve elliptical particle motion confined to the vertical plane, with velocity less than shear wave velocity. 3) Love waves are horizontally polarized and require a layered subsurface, with velocity between shear wave velocities of layers. 4) Both Rayleigh and Love waves exhibit dispersion, where phase and group velocities decrease with frequency in "normal dispersion".

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    GEOL 335.

    Surface waves

    Rayleigh and Love waves


    Particle motion
    Phase and group velocity
    Dispersion

    Reading:
    Telford et al., Sections 4.2.4, 4.2.6
    GEOL 335.3

    Surface wave types


    When a medium is bounded by a velocity contrast
    (e.g., the free surface), additional types of waves
    exist:
    Rayleigh waves (a mix of P- and SV wave
    motions)
    Elliptical particle motion confined to the vertical plane;
    Velocity < VS ( for = 0.25, VR = 0.92VS);

    Love waves (SH) (A.E.H. Love, 1911)


    Horizontally-polarized;
    Requires layered subsurface.
    Velocity intermediate between VS of the layers.
    GEOL 335.3

    Surface wave properties


    Amplitude vs depth

    For all surface waves, amplitude


    exponentially decays away from the surface.
    With distance, amplitude decay is slow, ~ R
    Therefore, surface waves override reflections.

    Displacement and stress in Love wave

    Period [s]
    GEOL 335.3

    Dispersion
    All surface waves exhibit dispersion:
    Harmonic components propagate at different phase
    velocities that also differ from the group velocity
    of the energy packet;
    Wave group (wavelet) changes shape during
    propagation.
    GEOL 335.3

    Phase and Group


    velocities
    Usually, group velocities are slower than
    phase velocity
    . ..and both decrease with frequency
    This is called normal dispersion:

    Group velocity
    Phase velocity

    Note the changes


    in wavelet shapes
    GEOL 335.3

    Example:
    normal dispersion
    of surface waves
    Long-period Love waves within the
    crust and upper mantle

    Phase velocity

    Group velocity

    Shallower Deeper

    Normal dispersion occurs because the


    deeper layers are generally faster

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