National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra Syllabus
National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra Syllabus
National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra Syllabus
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L T P
SEMESTER-I
6 CE501P - - 4 4 2
CE503P
7 - - 2 2 1
15 - 6 21 18
SEMESTER-II
3 Elective-I 3 - - 3 3
Elective-II
4 Elective-II 3 - - 3 3
Laboratory-II
5 3 - - 3 3
Seminar-II
6 - - 4 4 2
CE502P
7 CE504P - - 2 2 1
15 - 6 21 18
1 CE601P SEMESTER-III
1 CE602P SEMESTER-IV
Dissertation
- - 32 32 16
Grand Total - - - - 62
** Syllabi of the subjects remain the same as in the previous scheme except for those given
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8/14/2017 National Institute Of Technology,Kurukshetra
LIST OF ELECTIVES
L T P
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8/14/2017 National Institute Of Technology,Kurukshetra
SEMESTER-I
4 Elective-II 3 - - 3 3
Laboratory-I
5 3 - - 3 3
Seminar-I
6 CE505P - - 4 4 2
CE507P
7 - - 2 2 1
15 - 6 21 18
SEMESTER-II
3 Elective-I 3 - - 3 3
Elective-II
4 Elective-II 3 - - 3 3
Laboratory-II
5 3 - - 3 3
Seminar-II
CE506P
6 CE508P - - 4 4 2
7 - - 2 2 1
15 - 6 21 18
1 CE603P SEMESTER-III
1 CE604P SEMESTER-IV
Dissertation
- - 32 32 16
Grand Total - - - - 62
** Syllabi of the subjects remain the same as in the previous scheme except for those given
LIST OF ELECTIVES
L T P
SEMESTER-I
15 - 6 21 18
SEMESTER-II
3 Elective-I 3 - - 3 3
Elective-II
4 Elective-II 3 - - 3 3
15 - 6 21 18
1 CE609P SEMESTER-III
1 CE610P SEMESTER-IV
Dissertation
- - 32 32 16
Grand Total - - - - 62
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** Syllabi of the subjects remain the same as in the previous scheme except for those given
LIST OF ELECTIVES
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8/14/2017 National Institute Of Technology,Kurukshetra
CE-567T Flow through Porous Media
L T P
SEMESTER-I
6 CE513P - - 4 4 2
CE515P
7 - - 2 2 1
15 - 6 21 18
SEMESTER-II
3 Elective-I 3 - - 3 3
Elective-II
4 Elective-II 3 - - 3 3
5 Computational Lab. 3 - - 3 3
Seminar-II
6 - - 4 4 2
CE514P
7 CE516P - - 2 2 1
15 - 6 21 18
1 CE607P SEMESTER-III
1 CE608P SEMESTER-IV
Dissertation
- - 32 32 16
Grand Total - - - - 62
** Syllabi of the subjects remain the same as in the previous scheme except for those given
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8/14/2017 National Institute Of Technology,Kurukshetra
CE-573T Concrete Technology
L T P
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SEMESTER-I
4 Elective-II 3 - - 3 3
5 Special Assignment-I 3 - - 3 3
Seminar-I
6 CE509P - - 4 4 2
CE511P
7 - - 2 2 1
15 - 6 21 18
SEMESTER-II
15 - 6 21 18
1 CE605P SEMESTER-III
1 CE606P SEMESTER-IV
Dissertation
- - 32 32 16
Grand Total - - - - 62
** Syllabi of the subjects remain the same as in the previous scheme except for those given
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8/14/2017 National Institute Of Technology,Kurukshetra
CE-564T Theoretical Soil Mechanics
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
CO1 Understand behaviour of plates for UDL, hydrostatic, concentrated load cases.
CO2 Perform cylindrical bending of long rectangular plates, pure bending of rectangular and circular
plates, and small deflection theories for various boundary conditions.
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Detailed syllabus:-
Theory of thin plates with small deflection, bending of long rectangular plates to a cylindrical surface.Pure Bending of Plates -Slopes and Curvatures of slightly beni plates,
relations between moments and curvatures, particular cases of pure bending of plates, strain energy in pure bending, limitations of pure bending theory.Symmetrical
bending of circular plates, Differential equation for symmetrical laterally loaded circular plates, uniformly loaded circular plates, circular plates with a circular hole at the
centre, circular plate concentrically loaded and circular plate loaded at the centre.Small deflections of Laterally Loaded Plates: Differential equation of the deflection
surface, boundary conditions, exact theory of plates.
Simply Supported Rectangular Plates: Plates under sinusoidal loads, Navier's solution for tid1., patch load and concentrated load, Levy's solution for udl., plates under
hydrostatic load, plates of infinite length.
Analysis of Plates Using Finite Difference Method: Transforming differential equation of equilibrium into finite difference equation. Transforming various types of edge
conditions into finite difference equations, solving rectangular plates subjected to various types of loads and various types of edge conditions, discretizing plates of various
shapes into finite different mesh form and solving for various loading and edge conditions.Bending of Anisotropic Plates: Differential equation of the bent plate,
determination of rigidities in various special cases, application of the theory to the calculation of grid works and bending of rectangular circular and elliptic plates.
Elastic Buckling of thin plates: Differential equations of plate buckling, critical loads for rectangular plates, plates with all edges simply supported and under uniaxial
compression, plates with two opposite edges simply supported under uniaxial compression, plates with all edges simply supported under biaxial compression.Shear
Deformation Theories: First order shear deformation plate theory, higher order shear deformation plate theory, and effect of shear deformation on bending of thin plates.
Bending Analysis of Laminated Composite Plates: Strain displacement relations, governing differential equation of equilibrium, lamination configuration types, analysis of
symmetric and anti -symmetric laminated plates, cylindrical bending of laminated plates.
Suggested Books:
1. Timoshenko, S.P.and Krieger, S.W., 'Theory of Plates and Shells' McGraw Hill
2" Ed.
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Course Outcomes: At the end of course, the student will be able to:
CO1 Understand flexibility & stiffness matrix analysis of different kinds of structures.
Detailed Syllabus:
Basic Concepts: Static and Kinematic indeterminacy, Stiffness and flexibility, Stiffness and flexibility for
prismatic members and non-prismatic members.
Direct stiffness method 2D Element: Development of stiffness matrices for Truss element, beam
element, Transformation of coordinates, assembly of global matrices-stiffness matrix, load matrix,
boundary conditions, and solution techniques.
Direct stiffness method 3D Element: Stiffness matrices for Truss element, beam element and grid
element, transformation matrix for 3D truss elements & 3D beam element, computer programming,
application to practical problems
Geometric non-linearity, Geometric stiffness matrix-2D truss element, Non-linear solution algorithms:
Iterative methods, Incremental methods, convergence criteria.
Suggested Books:
1. Wang, C.K., Matrix Method of Structural Analysis, International Text Book, Pasadena.
2. Martin, H.C., Introduction to Matrix Method of Structural Analysis, McGraw Hill Book Co.
3. Jain, A.K., Advanced Structural Analysis with Computer Applications, Nem Chand & Bros, Roorkee.
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CE 509T ADVANCED R.C.C DESIGN CS 300 3 Credits
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
CO1 Understand the background of structural concrete and behaviour of beams in flexure
CO3 Design columns in uniaxial and biaxial compression and combined loading.
CO4 Design RC and PSC members as per Indian Standards and specifications.
Detailed syllabus:-
Yield Line Theory: Assumptions, location of yield lines, methods of analysis, analysis of one way and two way slabs.
Strip Method of Design of slabs: Theory, application to simply supported slab, slab fixed along edges and skew slabs.
Flat slabs: Limitations of Direct Design Method, shear in flat slabs, equivalent frame method, openings in flat slabs.
Ribbed slabs: Introduction, analysis for moments and shear, deflection, arrangement of reinforcement.
Approximate Analysis of grid floors: Analysis by Timoshenko's plate theory, stiffness method and equating joint deflections.
Redistribution of Moments in Beams: Conditions for moment redistribution, single span beams, multi -span beams and design of sections.
Deep Beams: Minimum thickness, design by IS -456, design as per British and American practice, beam with holes:
Spandrel Beams: Design principles; moment, shear and torsion in beams, design of section.
Slender columns and walls: Effective length, unbraced and braced columns, stfbility index, columns subjected to combined axial and biaxial bending, braced and
unbraced walls, slenderness of walls, design of walls for vertical and in plane horizontal forces.
Shear walls: Classification of shear walls, classification according to behavior and design of rectangular and flanged shear walls.
Cast-in-situ Beam-column Joints: Forces acting on joints, strength requirement of columns, anchorage, confinement of core, shear strength of joint, corner joint and
procedure for design.
Compulation of deflection and crack width: Short term and long term deflectioli of beams and slabs, calculation of deflection as per IS 456, factors affecting crackwidth
in beams, calculation of crackwidth as per. IS 456, shrinkage and thermal cracking.
Inelastic Analysis of beams and Frames: Inelastic behaviour of reinforced concrete, stress -strain characteristics of concrete and steel, concept of plastic hinges, effect
of shear on rotation capacity, inelastic analysis, allowable rotation.
Suggested Books:
1. Jain, A.K. (1999), "Reinforced Concrete Limit Slate Design", Nem chand & Bros, Roorkee
2. Krishna Raju (1986), "Advanced Reinforced Concrete Design", C.B.S. Publication, New Delhi
3. Ferguson P.M., Breen J.E. and Jigsa J.O. (1988), Reinforced Concrete fundamentals",John wily & sons, New York.
4. Varghese, P.C. (2001),"Advanced Reinforced Concrete Design", prentice hall ofIndia, New Delhi.
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Course Outcomes: At the end of course, the student will be able to:
CO1Understand types of bridges and codal provisions for loading and design standards of bridges.
Detailed Syllabus:
Introduction to different types of bridges, Temporary bridges, Military bridges, Permanent bridges,
R.C.C. bridges, Steel bridges, Prestressed Concrete bridges, Movable Steel bridges. Design Loads for
Bridges, Load Distribution in Multi-Beam Bridges.
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Design of R.C Bridges: Slab Culvert, Box Culvert, Pipe Culvert, T-Beam Bridges. Introduction to Arch
and Bow string girder bridge, Design of Prestressed Concrete Bridges: Pre-Tensioned & Post Tensioned
concrete bridges, Analysis & Design Of Multilane Prestressed Concrete T-Beam Bridges, Steel bridges
and its types, Economical span, Stresses and loads.
Plate girder bridges: Arrangements & floors, Plate girder railway bridges, Deck type Plate girder bridges.
Truss Bridges: Arrangement & its Types, Wind forces on Lattice girder bridge, Bracings, Railway-
Through Type Truss Bridges.
Different types of Bearings and their Functions, IRC Provisions for Bearings, Permissible stresses in
bearings, Design of Rocker and Roller-cum-Rocker Bearings.
Piers: Types, Analysis and Design, Design of Abutments & Wing Walls.
Bridge Foundations: Types and General design criteria, Design of pile and well foundations for piers and
abutments.
Suggested Books
3. Victor, D.J., Essentials of Bridge Engineering, Oxford & IBH Pub. Co.
4. Krishna Raju, N., Design of Bridges, Oxford & IBH Pub. Co.
5. Krishna Raju, N., Prestressed Concrete, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi.
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
CO1 Analyze the bearing capacity of foundations on cohesive & cohesion less soil.
Detailed syllabus:-
Shallow Foundation : Introduction, factors deciding depth of foundation, effect of water table on bearing capacity, points of difference between Rankines, Terzaghis,
Meyerhofs, Skemptons bearing capacity theories, footings on slopes, footing with eccentric and inclined loads, bearing capacity of footings on layered soils, bearing
capacity from SPT, SCPT, DCPT, bearing capacity of foundation with uplift forces, bearing capacity of rafts on sands and clays, distribution of contact pressure, plate load
test and interpretation, settlement of footing, immediate and consolidation settlement, settlement from SPT and SCPT, settlement by Schmertann approach, computation of
immediate settlement.
Pile Foundation: Uses of piles, static method of pile load capacity, negative skin friction, group action in piles, pile load test, cyclic pile load test, computation of settlement
of pile group, piles subjected to lateral loads, dynamic formulae calculate the load on piles.
Caisson: Introduction, static method to find out load carrying in sands and clays, design of open caisson, types of caissons and their advantages and disadvantages,
forces acting on well foundations, stability of well foundations, IS recommendations for tilts and shifts.
Foundations on Difficult Sub-soils : Collapsible soil, physical parameters for identification, procedure for calculating collapse settlement, foundation design for soils not
susceptible and susceptible to wetting, expansive soils, identification, swell potential and swell pressure, methods of foundations on expansive soils, replacement of soil
and CCN concept, construction on expansive soils, sanitary landfills, under-reamed piles-applications, static formulae to calculate to under-reamed pile capacity.
Cofferdams: Various types, their application, design and lateral stability of braced cofferdam, design and stability of cellular cofferdams.
Books Recommended:
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Course Outcomes: At the end of course, the student will be able to:
Detailed Syllabus:
Introduction: Objectives, difference between static and dynamic analysis, loading, essential
characteristics of a dynamic problem, principles of dynamics, formulation of equation of motion
Single Degree of Freedom System: Analysis for free and forced vibration, Duhamels integral, Damping -
types and evaluation. Response of SDOF systems to harmonic excitation, Periodic excitation, Impulsive
loading, arbitrary, step, pulse excitation, Response to general dynamic loading. Numerical evaluation of
dynamic response- superposition and step by step methods, generalized SDOF systems
Multi Degree of Freedom Systems: Equations of moron, evaluation of structural property matrices,
problem statement and solution methods, free vibration, Forced harmonic vibration, damped motion for
MDOF, generalized co-ordinates, principle of orthogonality of modes, Eigenvalue problem, modal
response, approximate methods: Stodalla-Vinaello, Modified Rayleighs method, Holzer's method, Holzer
Myklested method, Matrix method, Energy method, Lagrange's equation, Modal analysis, Stochastic
response of linear SDOF and MDOF system to Gaussian inputs
Continua with Infinite Degrees of Freedom: Longitudinal vibrations of prismatic bars, torsional vibrations
of circular shafts, transverse vibrations of stretched wires, transverse vibrations of prismatic beams, effect
of rotary inertia and shearing deformations, beams subjected to support motions, beams traversed by
moving loads, coupled flexural and torsional vibrations of beams, transverse vibrations of plates.
Suggested Books:
7. Weaver, Timoshenko & Young, "Vibration problems in Engg." John Wiley & Sons. 1990
Course Outcomes: At the end of course, the student will be able to:
Detailed Syllabus:
Need for prestressing, material and there properties , pretensioning and post tensioning methods, behavior of prestress concrete beams , loss of prestress , deflections ,
bursting forces in anchorage zone, design methods , partial prestressing, analysis of indeterminate structures , need of composite construction , design methods for
composite beam and slabs , case studies
References
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1. Prestressedconcrete, N. Krishanraju, TMH Publications
3. Robert M Jones, Mechanics of Composite Materials, 2ndEdition, Taylor and Francis/BSP Books, 1998.
4. R.N. Swamy, New Concrete Materials, 1st Edition, Blackie, Academic and Professional, Chapman & Hall, 1983.
Course Outcomes: At the end of course, the student will be able to:
CO1 Learn the mathematical formulation of the finite element method and how to apply it to basic
(linear) ordinary and partial differential equations.
CO 3 Learn how to implement the finite element method efficiently in order to solve a particular
equation.
Detailed Syllabus:
Introduction: Brief history of the development, general description of the method, advantages and
disadvantages of finite element method, displacement approach
Element Properties: Displacement models, relation between the modal degrees of freedom and
generalized coordinates, convergance requirements, natural coordinate systems, shape functions
(interpolation functions), element strains and stresses, element stiffness matrix, equivalent nodal
loads and static condensation
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Analysis of Framed Structures: Two and three dimensional truss elements, two and three
dimensional beam elements, shear deformation in beams and beams on elastic foundation
Plane Stress, Plane Strain and Axisymmetric Stress Analysis: Triangular elements, rectangular
elements, isoparametric elements Axisymmetric solid element and patch test.
Three Dimensional Stress Analysis: Three dimensional solid elements, eight and twenty
noddedisoperimetric solid elements. element load vector and evaluation of stresses.
Analysis of Plate Bending, C and C2 displacement functions, plate bending elements, shear
deformation in plates, four and eight nodded isoparametric plate elements, selective/reduced
integration and behaviour of elements.
Analysis of Folded Plates & Shells: Review of shell elements, flat shell element, bilinear
degarated shell element and eight noded shell element.
Solution of Finite Element Equilibrium Equations: Direct solutions using alogrithms based on
Gauss elimination, Direct solution using orthogonal matrices, Gauss-Siedel Iterative solution, frontal
solution method and solution of errors
Techniques For Non Linear Analysis: Non-linear problems nonlinear solution techniques,
problems involving geometric non linearity and problems involving both material and geometric
nonlinearity, convergence criteria.
Suggested Books:
1. O.C. Zienkicwiez,'The finite Element Method, Third Ed., Tata-McGraw Hill Co. Delhi.(1988).
2. C.S. KriSltna y, 'Finite Element Analysis - Theory and Programming'. Tata McGraw Hil,cliti. (1994)
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Course Outcomes: At the end of course, the student will be able to:
CO2 Analyze linear and non-linear soil-structure-interaction problems on different kinds of foundations.
Detailed Syllabus:
Soil parameters: Interpretation of parameters encountered in various idealized soil models-Winkler, two
parameter elastic and Elastic continuum models
Finite beams on elastic foundations: finite beams on Winkler models, finite beams on two parameter elastic
model, finite beams on homogenous Elastic continuum, finite difference solution to problems of beam on
linear & non-linear Winklers model
Plates on elastic foundation: Rectangular and continuous plates on elastic foundations, plates carrying rows
of equidistant columns, rectangular and circular plates on Winkler medium, Two parameter elastic medium
and no elastic continuum, finite difference solution of problems of rectangular plates on linear and non-linear
elastic foundation.
Soil structure interaction in framed structures: structures with isolated foundation, spring analog approach,
determinations of spring parameters, structures with continuous beams and rafts as foundation, finite
element modelling, sub-structure technique of analysis, concept of relative stiffness, Interactive behavior of
some framed structure.
Soil pile interaction: laterally loaded single piles-Concept of coefficient of horizontal subgrade reaction, finite
difference and finite element solution, soil-structure interaction of framed structures with pile foundation,
Interaction of other structures with soil foundation system, Tanks with annular ring foundations, chimneys,
silos, cooling towers, underground subways and tunnels.
Suggested Books
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Course Outcomes: At the end of course, the student will be able to:
Detailed Syllabus:
Error analysis, significant digits, inherent errors, numerical errors, absolute and relative error, error
propagation, conditioning & stability.
Solution of linear simultaneous equations, direct and iterative algorithms based on Gauss elimination,
Gauss Jordan method, Gauss Seidel method
Numerical solution to non-linear system of equations, bisection method, false position method,
Newton-Raphson method, Secant method, fixed point method
Numerical solution of ordinary differential equations by Taylor series method, Euler's method, Runge-
kutta method, Picard's method, Heun's method, polygon Method.
Suggested Books:
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
Detailed syllabus:-
C++ Programming basics, Loops and Decisions, Structures, Function, object and classes, operator overloading, Inheritance, pointers, files and streams, library.
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Graphics hardware, Interactive input and output devices, extensive use of latest packages, static and dynamic structural analysis and finite element packages,
development of design and drafting packages for structural elements/components, application to multistoried building, design of water retaining structures and bridges
components.
Suggested Books.
Course Outcomes: At the end of course, the student will be able to:
Detailed Syllabus:
Probabilistic analysis of loads - Gravity loads - Wind loads - Wind speeds return periods
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Reliability Methods - Classification (Level 1- level 2-level 3) - First order second moment method
Reliability based design - Determination of partial safety factors - Safety checking formats NBC
format CEB format LRFD format - Optimal safety factors.
Reliability of Structural systems - System reliability - Series system Parallel redundant system-
mixed system - Modeling of truss system - Modeling of frames
Suggested Books:
1. H.O. Madsen, S. Krenk, and N.C. Lind, Methods of Structural Safety, Dover Publications, 2006
2. R. Ranganathan, Structural Reliability Analysis and Design, 1st Edition, Jaico Publishing House, 1999.
3. R.E. Melchers, Structural Reliability Analysis and Prediction, 2nd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, 1999.
4. Thoft C.P, and Baker M.J, Structural Reliability Theory and Its Applications, Springer Verlag, 1982.
M.Tech Geotech
DETAILED SYLLABUS
PEO1 To know the effect of clay minerals on soil properties, various methods of geotechnical
investigation and its practical investigation indifferent situations.
PEO3 To determine the bearing capacity of soil, the probable settlement, stresses, settlement at
any point in the semi-infinite elastic soil medium and also to design the various types of
foundations for different loading conditions with the help of empirical methods and Computer
Aided Design.
PEO4 To understand different techniques to improve the characteristics of weak soil and design
techniques required to implement various ground improvement methods.
PEO5 To design Earthen dams, remedies or preventive measures for failure of earth dams and to
understand the various theories involved in Finite Element Method.
PEO6 To understand the dynamic properties of soil and various design parameters required for the
design of machine foundation.
PEO7 To study geological classification, elastic and dynamic properties of rocks, various laboratory
and field tests.
PEO8 Students are able to establish the relationship between the model and the constraints, design
various types of pavements, the knowledge of environment and ecology to solve problems.
Programme outcome:
PO1 Students should be able to know the effect of clay minerals on soil properties, various
methods of geotechnical investigation and its practical investigation indifferent situations.
PO2 Students should be able to understand mechanism of development of earth pressure, design
and analyse earth retaining structures.
PO3 Students should be able todetermine the bearing capacity of soil, the probable settlement,
stresses, settlement at any point in the semi-infinite elastic soil medium and also to design
the various types of foundations for different loading conditions with the help of empirical
methods and Computer Aided Design.
PO4 Students should be able to understand different techniques to improve the characteristics of
weak soil and design techniques required to implement various ground improvement
methods.
PO5 Students should be able to design Earthen dams, remedies or preventive measures for
failure of earth dams and assess the various theories involved in Finite Element Method.
PO6 Students should be able to understand the dynamic properties of soil and various design
parameters required for the design of machine foundation.
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PO7 Students should be able to assess geological classification, elastic and dynamic properties of
rocks, various laboratory and field tests.
PO8 Students are able to understand the relationship between the model and the constraints,
design various types of pavements, and assess the knowledge of environment and ecology
to solve problems.
Pre-requisites: None.
Course Objectives
ii. To impart knowledge about the analysis and design of earth retaining structures.
iii. To help the students to take proper engineering decisions in practical situations.
Course Outcomes:
CO2 Capability to select the suitable retaining system for the different types of projects.
Detailed Syllabus:
1. Earth Retaining Structures: Definitions, uses of retaining walls, types of retaining walls, rockfill drains, Stability considerations for retaining walls.
2. Earth pressure due to cohesion less soil: Trial Wedge Method, Coulombs method, Rankines method, Culmanns graphical construction. Friction circle method.
3. Earth pressure due to cohesive soil: Trial Wedge method, friction circle method, circle of stress method.
4. Anchored Bulkheads: Sheet pile structures, cantilever sheet piles, anchored bulkheads.
5. Arching action in soils: Theory of arching, Cains theory, braced excavation, earth pressure against bracing in cuts, heave of bottom of cut in soft clay, deep cut in
sands.
Book Recommended:
3. Analysis and Design of Foundation & Earth Retaining Structures by Shamsher Prakash, Gopal Ranjan, Swami Saran.
Pre-requisites: None
Objective
i. To study the three criteria i.e. depth and location criteria, bearing capacity criteria and settlement criteria for the design of shallow foundations.
ii. To understand action of a single pile and piles in group as deep foundation and methods of calculations of load capacity by various techniques.
iii. To design of well foundation, checking their lateral stability and procedure for construction of well foundation along with methods of rectifications
of tilt and shift.
Course Outcomes:
CO1 Students are able to design the shallow foundations by analysing three criteria i.e. depth
and location criteria, bearing capacity criteria and settlement criteria.
CO2 Students are capable to analyse action of a single pile and piles in group.
CO3 Students are able to calculate the load capacity of a Pile by various techniques.
CO4 Students are capable to design well foundation and also able to rectify the tilts and shifts.
Detailed Syllabus:
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1. Shallow Foundation : Introduction, factors deciding depth of foundation, effect of water table on bearing capacity, points of difference between Rankines, Terzaghis,
Meyerhofs, Skemptons bearing capacity theories, footings on slopes, footing with eccentric and inclined loads, bearing capacity of footings on layered soils, bearing
capacity from SPT, SCPT, DCPT, bearing capacity of foundation with uplift forces, bearing capacity of rafts on sands and clays, distribution of contact pressure, plate load
test and interpretation, settlement of footing, immediate and consolidation settlement, settlement from SPT and SCPT, settlement by Schmertann approach, computation of
immediate settlement.
2. Pile Foundation: Uses of piles, static method of pile load capacity, negative skin friction, group action in piles, pile load test, cyclic pile load test, computation of
settlement of pile group, piles subjected to lateral loads, dynamic formulae calculate the load on piles.
3. Caisson: Introduction, static method to find out load carrying in sands and clays, design of open caisson, types of caissons and their advantages and disadvantages,
forces acting on well foundations, stability of well foundations, IS recommendations for tilts and shifts.
4. Foundations on Difficult Sub-soils : Collapsible soil, physical parameters for identification, procedure for calculating collapse settlement, foundation design for soils
not susceptible and susceptible to wetting, expansive soils, identification, swell potential and swell pressure, methods of foundations on expansive soils, replacement of soil
and CCN concept, construction on expansive soils, sanitary landfills, under-reamed piles-applications, static formulae to calculate to under-reamed pile capacity.
5. Cofferdams: Various types, their application, design and lateral stability of braced cofferdam, design and stability of cellular cofferdams.
Books Recommended:
Pre-requisites: None
Course Objectives
i. To make the students understand engineering properties of rock and classification of rocks.
ii. To impart knowledge about the laboratory testing of rocks by different methods.
iii. To impart knowledge about the Institute Testing of rocks by various methods and techniques.
iv. To impart knowledge about the failure criteria, tunneling in rocks and various techniques toimprove insitu strength of rocks.
Course Outcomes:
CO1 Students are able to understand engineering properties of rock and classification of
rocks.
CO2 Students are able to understand the laboratory testing of rocks by different methods.
CO3 Students are able to understand the Institute Testing of rocks by various methods and
techniques.
CO4 Students are capable to analyse the failure criteria, tunnelling in rocks and various
techniques to improve in-situ strength of rocks.
Detailed Syllabus:
1. Introduction: Importance of Rock Mechanics, Composition of rocks, geological classification of rocks, classification of rocks for engineering purposes, RQD method of
classification of rocks.
2. Laboratory Testing of Rocks : Various methods of obtaining rock cores, method of sample preparation, effect of specimen geometry on rock strength determination,
compression testing machine, uniaxial compressive strength of rock samples, factors Affecting compressive strength tests- direct and indirect methods, flexural strength
tests, shear strength tests-direct shear test, torsion test, shear box test, punch test, triaxial shear test.
3. Institute Testing of Rocks : Field direct shear test on rock blocks, field triaixal strength, use of flat jacks, chamber test, plate load test, cable jacking test.
4. Stress Evaluation in Field : Stress relief technique (over coring), use of strain gauges, bore hole deformation cell, LVDT, photo-elastic stress meter, stress
measurement with flat jack, typical results of evaluation, dilatometer, hydraulic fracturing techniques, uses and advantages.
5. Elastic and Dynamic Properties: Static elastic constants of rocks and their determination, stress-strain behaviour, dynamic properties of rock mass, methods of finding
dynamic properties.
6. Pressure on Roof of Tunnels: Terzaghis theory, Bieraumers theory, Kommeral theory, Protodyakanov theory, Kastners theory, Labasses theory.
Book Recommended:
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CE-513T ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF SOILS CC 3 0 0 3 Credits
Pre-requisites: None
Course Objectives
i. To impart knowledge on the various factors governing the engineering behavior of soils and suitability of soils for various geotechnical
engineering applications.
ii. To impart the knowledge of determination of coefficient of permeability by various methods and analyse the seepage through earth dams.
iii. To impart the knowledge about the shear strength and various methods of measurement of shear strength.
iv. To impart knowledge about the consolidation, Types of consolidation and behavior of compacted soils.
Course Outcomes:
CO1 Students are able to analyse various factors governing the engineering behaviour of soils
and suitability of soils for various geotechnical engineering applications.
CO2 Students are able to determination of coefficient of permeability by various methods and
analyse the seepage through earth dams.
CO3 Students are able to analyse the shear strength and various methods to measure the
shear strength.
CO4 Students are able to analyse the consolidation, Types of consolidation and behaviour of
compacted soils.
Detailed Syllabus:
1. General : Engineering Properties of natural soil deposit- Alluvial deposit, glacial deposit, Aeolian, Loess and Residual Soils, Soil moisture suction, suction plate method
of determination, Effective stresses-Bishops &Lambes concepts, Sensitivity & thixotropic characteristics of clays.
2. Permeability & Seepage : Determination of Coefficient of Permeability by Parallel tube capillary model, Hydraulic radius model and other empirical relations, Seepage
through Earth dam- Dupuits solution, Schaffernak, Casagrandes and Pavlovskys solution, seepage through dams under anisotropic conditions.
3. Shear Strength: Various types of triaxial tests- compression and extension, drainage condition, Measurement of shear strength- Measurement and application of load,
cell pressure, pore water pressure, and application of back pressure in a drained test, parameter in stands, Energy correction, Skemptons Pore Pressure parameters and
their determination. Shear strength of partially saturated soils, Hvorslev Parameters, stress path- Lambes and Rendulic- Henkel unique stress path & their characteristics,
relation of undrained shear strength and effective overburden pressure.
4. Consolidation: Characteristics of NC & OC clays, Reconstruction of field virgin compression curve for NC & OC clays Schmertmann correction, Secondary
consolidation, three dimensional consolidation, Sand drains.
5. Behaviour of compacted soils: General, effect of compaction on structure, swelling pressure, shrinkage, shear strength, p.w.p. & permeability. Comparison of dry and
wet of OMC.
Books Recommended:
Pre-requisites:Foundation Engineering.
Course objectives
i. To calculate the dynamic properties of soils using laboratory and field tests.
iii. Analyze and design behavior of a machine foundation resting on the surface, embedded foundation and foundations on piles by elastic half
space concept.
Course Outcomes:
CO2 Students are able to design foundations for different machines and assess the influence of
vibrations and selection of remediation methods based on the nature of vibrations.
CO3 To assess the theory of liquefaction, evaluation of liquefaction potential of a soil deposit and
liquefaction analysis from SPT data.
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Detailed Syllabus:
1.Theory of Vibrations: Definitions, Nature of dynamic loads, Characteristic elements of a vibrating system, properties of harmonic motion, analysis of single degree
freedom system with undamped free vibrations, damped free vibrations, undamped forced vibrations, damped forced vibrations, logrithmic decrement, frequency
dependent excitation force, determination of viscous damping, principle of vibration measuring instruments, transmissibility, systems with two-degrees of freedom(vibration
absorber),Rayleigh's method of determination of fundamental frequency of a multi-degree freedom system, systems under transient forces.
2. Wave Propagation in an Elastic Medium: Wave propagation in elastic rods, elastic infinite medium, semi-infinite elastic half space, waves generated by a surface
footing.
3. Dynamic Stress Deformation and Strength Characteristics of Soils: Dynamic soil testing techniques, special requirements of apparatus for dynamic tests,
Pendulum loading apparatus, oscillatory simple shear test, resonant column apparatus, field tests, stress deformation and strength characteristics of saturated sands and
cohesive soils under pulsating loads.
4. Dynamic Earth Pressure Problems: Modification of Coulomb's theory and Culmann's construction for dynamic loads, analytical solutions for c -f soils, point of
application, displacement analysis, Indian Standard Code of Practice.
5. Dynamic Bearing Capacity: Earthquake Loads on footings, effect of horizontal load and moment, dynamic analysis of vertical and horizontal loads
6. Liquefaction of Soils: Theory of liquefaction, criteria of liquefaction, factors affecting liquefaction characteristics, laboratory studies on liquefaction, evaluation of
liquefaction potential of a soil deposit, vibration table studies, liquefaction analysis from SPT data, anti-liquefaction measures.
7. Machine Foundations: Types of Machines and Machine Foundations, Criteria for satisfactory action of a machine foundation, methods of analysis, degrees of freedom
of a block foundation, Barken's soil spring constants and their determination, analysis of a block foundation by Barken's theory and elastic half space theories, IS for
design and construction of foundations for reciprocating machines, foundation for impact machines, IS for design and construction for impact machine, introduction to T.G.
foundations, design examples.
8. Vibration Isolation: Active isolation, passive isolation, methods of active and passive isolation, wave screening, vibration absorbing materials, planning for vibration
isolation.
Books Recommended:
Pre-requisites: None
Course Objectives
i. The ability to judge the situations and apply the logical aspects of the method.
Course Outcomes:
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CO3 To study the numerical formulation for analysing geotechnical systems.
Detailed Syllabus:
1. Introduction: Brief history of the development, general description of the method, advantages and disadvantages of finite element method, displacement approach.
2. Basic Principles of Structural Mechanics: Equilibrium conditions, strain-displacement relations, linear constitutive relations, Principle of virtual work, energy principle,
application to finite element method.
3. Element Properties: Displacement models, relation between the modal degrees of freedom and generalized coordinates, convergance requirements, natural coordinate
systems, shape functions (interpolation functions), element strains and stresses, element stillness matrix, equivalent nodal loads and static condensation.
4. Isoparametric Elements: Two and three dimensional isoparametric elements, evaluation of stiffness matrix using numerical integration techniques, convergence
criteria.
5. Analysis of Framed Structures: Two and three dimensional truss elements, two and three dimensional beam elements, shear deformation in beams and beams on
elastic foundation.
6. Plane Stress, Plane Strain and Axisymmetric Stress Analysis: Triangular elements, rectangular elements, isoparametric elements Axisymmctric solid element and
patch test.
7. Three Dimensional Stress Analysis: Three dimensional solid elements, eight and twenty noded isoparametric solid elements, element load vector and evaluation of
stresses.
8. Analysis of Plate Bending: C, C1 and C2 displacement functions, plate bending elements, shear deformation in plates, four and eight noded isoparametric plate
elements, selective/reduced integration and behaviour of elements.
9. Analysis of Folded Plates & Shells: Review of shell elements, flat shell element, bilinear degarated shell element and eight noded shell element.
10. Solution of Finite Element Equilibirium Equations: Direct solutions using alogrithms based on Gauss elimination, Direct solution using orthogonal matrices, Gauss-
Siedel Iterative solution, frontal solution method and solution of errors.
11. Techniques For Non Linear Analysis: Non-linear problems non-linear solution techniques, problems involving geometric non linearity and problems involving both
material and geometric nonlinearity, convergence criteria.
Books Recommended:
i. O.C. Zienkiewiez,'The finite Element Method, Third Ed., Tata-McGraw Hill Co. Delhi.(1988) 2. C.S. Krishna y, Element Analysis - Theory and
Programming'. Tata McGraw Hil. elm. (1994).
Pre-requisites: None.
Course Objectives
i. To impart in-depth knowledge about the method of construction and causes of failures of earth dams.
ii. To impart knowledge about the analysis and design of earth dams.
iii. To impart knowledge about the various methods of seepage control and design of transition filters.
iv. To impart knowledge of various methods available for analysis of slopes and remedial techniques to protect the slope.
Course Outcomes:
CO1 Students are capable of reasoning out the causes of failure and damages of
embankments and slopes.
CO2 Students are able to carry out slope stability analysis using various methods.
CO3 Students are capable to control the seepage and design of transition filters.
C04 Students are capable of carrying out remedial measures and protection of slopes.
Detailed Syllabus:
1. General:Purpose of earth dams, methods of construction, types of earth dams, materials required for earth dam construction, causes of failure of earth dams, design
criteria for earth dams, suitable section for an earth dam, rockfill dams.
2. Seepage Analysis : General, phreatic line in earth dams and its location by various methods, problem of seepage control in earth dams-control of seepage through
embankment, adverse effects of seepage, methods of seepage control, impervious core, selection of core material, core thickness, location of core in earth dam, selection,
design of transition filters, rock toe, horizontal drainage, chimney drains, control of seepage through foundations-various options, upstream impervious blanket, analysis for
blanket length, relief wells, related problems.
3. Stability Analysis: Shear strength of soils, pore pressure in earth dams, various conditions of stability analysis for earth dams, methods of slope stability analysis,
related problems.
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3. Drainage: Gravity drainage, vacuum and osmotic drainage.
4. Instrumentation: Necessity, pore Pressure measurement, vertical movement devices, horizontal movement devices, choice of instrumentation, instrumentation
problems.
Book Recommended:
Pre-requisites: None
Course Objectives
i. To impart knowledge required for computing stresses and settlement at any point in the semi- infinite elastic soil medium, an isotropic medium
and layered deposits due to Foundation loads.
ii. To impart knowledge for evaluation of stability of foundation, slopes, cuts and retaining structures both for the conditions of undrained and
drained loading.
Course Outcomes:
CO1 Students are capable to estimate the stresses in soil medium of any type due to foundation
loads and settlement of foundations.
CO2 Students are capable to evaluate bound and true collapse loads of soil structures.
CO3 Students are capable to evaluate the stability of foundation, slopes, cuts and retaining
structures both for the conditions of undrained and drained loading.
Detailed Syllabus:
1. Fundamental Relations: Concept of stress, concept of strain, rotation of axes, principal stresses and strains, invariants, Octahedral stresses and strains, equations of
equilibrium, equations of equilibrium in polar coordinates, stress-strain relations, generalised Hooke's law, two-dimensional analysis, plane stress case, plane strain case,
equation of compatibility in terms of stress components and Airy's stress functions, Mohr's diagram, problems.
2. Stresses and Displacements in Soil Mass as an Elastic Body: Line load(two dimensional case), vertical, horizontal and inclined line loads on semi-infinite systems,
distributed line loads(two dimensional), uniform normal load over a strip, normal load over a circular and rectangular area, triangular and other loadings.
3. Settlement and Consolidation: Finite Difference Method, Relaxation Method, Numerical Solution of one dimensional consolidation equation, problems.
4. Stability of Soil Structures: Soil strength, conventional methods, effect of wall movement on lateral earth pressure(Dubrova's method), various cases, effect of
surcharge on lateral earth pressure.
5. Limiting Equilibrium of Soil Structures: Dimensional similitude, fundamental concepts and relations, Sokolovsky's equation for characteristic lines, solution
procedures, bearing capacity, stability of slopes.
Book Recommended:
Pre-requisites: None.
Course objectives
i. The students are expected to understand the origin, occurance, classification and structure of clay minerals.
Course outcomes:
CO1 Students should know the origin, occurrence, classification and structure of clay minerals.
CO2 Students are able to identify clay minerals by using different methods and techniques.
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CO3 To impart knowledge of clay water ions exchange theories.
Detailed Syllabus:
1. Introduction: Definitions, factors affecting properties of clay materials, inter-atomic bonding, secondary bonds.
2. Classification and Structure of Clay Minerals : Basic Iattice structure, structural units of clay minerals, basic structure of silica, classification of clay minerals,
Isomorphous substitution, inter sheet and inter layer bonding in clay minerals, the 1:1 minerals, montmorillonite minerals, mica-like clay minerals, chlorite minerals, chain
structure clay minerals, mixed layer minerals, non-crystalline clay minerals.
3. Origin and Occurrence of Clay Minerals: Process and agents of weathering, formation of clay minerals, origin and occurrence of various clay minerals.
4. Identification of Clay Minerals: Differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, optical microscope studies of soils, electron microscope studies, shape and size
of clay minerals.
5. Clay-Water: Influence of dissolved ions, possible mechanism of clay-water interaction, evidence on the structure and properties of adsorbed water.
6. Clay-Water Electrolyte Systems: Ion distribution in clay-water systems, cation exchange, cation exchange capacity, theories of ion exchange, anion exchange,
engineering significance of base exchange.
7. Effect of Clay Minerals on Soil Properties: Effect on Atterberg Limits, shrinkage and swelling characteristic, compressibility, soil structure, permeability, strength and
deformation behaviour.
Book Recommended:
Pre-requisites: None.
Course Objectives:
i. The students are expected to understand the properties and use of various materials and construction, analysis of stress distribution, evaluation and maintenance of
flexible and rigid pavements
ii. Understand the basic modelling concepts used to analyze flexible and rigid pavements.
iv. Apply the various types of highway appurtenance to enhance the safety of motorists.
v. Learn to estimate traffic noise and the effect of noise attenuation measures.
vi. To develop an ability to structural design of Airport pavements using different methods.
Course Outcomes:
CO1 The students would have gained knowledge on the Material properties, Design, Evaluation
and Management of Pavement Systems.
Detailed Syllabus:
1. Introduction: Types Of pavements, components of a flexible and a rigid pavement, Design strategies, comparison of Highway and airport pavements, Design
approaches, Factors affecting design.
2. Stresses in Flexible Pavements: Layered system concept, Multilayer system, one layer systems, two layer systems, deflections, Influence of type pressure, total load
and c/c spacing, ESWL by equal stress and equal deflection, three layer systems.
3. Design of flexible Pavements: Various design methods, CBR method, Current Indian practice, triaxial Method, Burmistsers method, AASHO method, Haveem or
California Resistance Value method, National Crushed Stone Association (USA) method.
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4. Stresses in Rigid Pavements: Stresses due to load, Westergaards theory, stresses due to temperature change, combined loading and temperature stresses, effect of
type pressure, total load and wheel configuration, joints & their various types.
5. Design of Rigid Pavements: Current Indian Practice, spacing of expansion and contraction joints, design of temperature Reinforcement, Dowel Bars and Tie bars.
6. Pavement evaluation and Strengthening: Structural evaluation by Bankelman Beam Method, Present Serviceability rating and present Serviceability Index, Types of
overlays Design of overlays. Current Indian Practice in the design of overlays.
7. Structural Design of Airport Pavements: Design factors, various methods of design, CBR method, Mcleod Method, LCN Method.
Book Recommended:
Course objectives
i. To impart knowledge of shear failure and settlement failure of foundations by different case studies.
ii. To impart knowledge of foundation failure and seepage failure of earth dams by different case studies.
iii. To impart knowledge of failure due to liquefaction of soils during earthquake by different case studies.
iv. To impart knowledge of slope failure, landslides, landslips and Retaining wall failures.
Course Outcome:
CO1 Students are able to assess the shear failure and settlement failure of foundations
CO2 Students are able to assess the foundation failure and seepage failure of earth dams.
CO3 Students are able to assess the failure due to liquefaction of soils during earthquake.
CO4 Students are able to assess the slope failure, landslides, landslips and Retaining wall failures.
Detailed Syllabus:
Case studies of shear failure and settlement failure of foundations e.g. foundation distress of Leaning Tower of Pisa, Transcona Grain Elevator, Settlement of Mexico City
etc..
Case studies of foundation failure and seepage failure of earth dams e.g. Panchet Dam (Maharashtra), Nanak Sagar Dam, Sampna Dam, Ahroura Dam, Vaiont Reservoir
Disaster, Fort Peck Dam Slide etc.
Case studies of failures due to liquefaction of soils during earthquake e.g. failures during Kobe Earthquake in Japan etc.
Books Recommended:
Pre-requisites: None.
Course objectives:
i. To impart knowledge of various soil parameters and laboratory tests relevant to foundation design.
ii. To impart knowledge to design of shallow foundation, pile foundation and retaining walls by using components of CAD packages for respective
structures.
Course outcome:
CO1 Students are able to assess various soil parameters and laboratory tests relevant to
foundation design.
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CO2 Students are able to design of shallow foundation, pile foundation and retaining walls by
using components of CAD packages for respective structures.
Detailed Syllabus:
1. Soil Parameters for Foundation Design: Major soil types, physical and engineering properties of soils, processing of field and laboratory test
data to obtain parameters relevant to foundation design.
2. Shallow Foundations: Footings and rafts, proportioning of foundations based on SPT, SCPT, PLT & consolidation test data. Structural
analysis and design - conventional, beams on elastic foundation, finite differences method of analysis of footing and rafts, structural design
details, components of CAD package on shallow foundations.
3. Pile Foundations: Design steps, proportioning a pile foundation - analytical estimation of load - settlement behaviour of piles, lateral analysis
of piles, and analysis of pile group subjected to vertical and lateral load, components of CAD package on pile foundations.
4. Retaining Walls: Design steps, types of walls and their selection, tentative dimensions, forces acting on the wall and their estimation, stability
checks, structural design of components, drainage details, components of CAD package for retaining walls.
Books Recommended:
1. Course Package on "Computer Aided Analysis and Proportioning of Foundations" by G. Ramaswamy (Dept. of Continuing Education, Roorkee).
Pre-requisites: None.
Course Objectives
iii. To understand the impact of engineering solutions in economic and environmental context.
Course Outcomes:
CO1 Students are able to develop an ability to apply knowledge of environment and ecology to
solve engineering problems.
CO2 Students are able to design a process for economic and safe aspects for the society.
Detailed Syllabus:
Introduction: Basic concepts of environmental risk and definitions; hazard identification procedures; environmental risk zonation.
Consequence analysis and modelling (discharge models, dispersions models, fire and explosion models effect models etc.)
Estimation of incident frequencies: Estimations of incident frequencies from historical date, frequency modelling techniques e.g., Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and Event
Tree Analysis (ETA).
Human factors in risk analysis; Calculation and presentation of risk (individual risk, societal risk); Risk management, rules, regulations and conventions, case studies.
BooksRecommended:
1.Masters, G.M. (1998) Introduction to Environmental Engineering and Science, Prentice Hall, USA
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2. Schwarzenbach, Gschwend, and Imboden (1993) Environmental Organic Chemistry, John Wiley and Sons, Inc. NY.
Course objectives
iv. To impart knowledge of various types of folds and joints their effects and their civil engineering importance.
Course outcome:
CO2 Students are able to classify the rock mass for underground excavations.
CO4 Students are able to assess various types of folds and joint their effects and their civil
engineering importance.
Detailed Syllabus:
1. Significant Rock Joint Properties: Intensity of joints, roughness, scale effects, single joint orientation.
2. Rock Mass Classification for Underground Excavation: South African Geomechanics classification (RMR), rock structure rating (RSR), rock mass quality (Q)
3. Structural Defects: Folds Parts, nomenclature, plunge, refolding, fold system. Faults-General characteristics, nature of Movement along fault, classification. Joints-
effects, parts, classification, types of joints in common rocks
5. Importance of Geological Structures: Simple type of folds, slip folds, flexural slip folds, parasitic folds and folds and flow folds. Effect of the folding and their civil
engineering importance, effect of joints and their civil engineering importance.
Book Recommended:
Pre-requisites: None.
Course Objectives
i. To determine the bearing capacity of soil and the probable settlement and also to select the type of depth of foundation for a project.
ii. To impart empirical knowledge of soil behaviour required by the geotechnical engineer for the design of foundation and other soil related
structures.
iii. To impart knowledge of structural design and various construction techniques of pile foundation and pile cap.
iv. To impart knowledge of design of Retaining walls, piers, abutments and retaining wall for seismic forces.
Course outcomes:
CO1 A comprehensive and well defined knowledge on bearing capacity theories is expected.
CO2 Students are trained how to design the foundations of a particular project depending
upon the properties of soil and type of projects.
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CO3 Students are capable to design the Retaining walls, piers, abutments and retaining wall
for seismic forces.
CO4 Students are able to assess the design and construction methods of Marine Sub
structures.
Detailed Syllabus:
1. Shallow Foundations: Types and their suitability, bearing capacity and settlement, conventional method of design, soil line method, beams on elastic foundation
analysis, finite difference method of design, footings and raft foundation subjected to eccentric-inclined loads, footing on slopes, footings in seismic zones, IS code.
2. Pile Foundations: Types, structural design, design of pile cap, design of pile foundation for a multi-storeyed building and other important structures, construction
techniques.
3. Bridge Sub-structures: Forces on a bridge foundation ( IRC & IRS specifications ), well foundation components, stability analysis, design of various parts, material for
construction, sinking of well, placing of curb, dredging, jetting, design of well foundation for piers and abutments.
4. Design of retaining walls for hydraulic structures on curves and with surcharge on backfill, design of piers, abutments and retaining walls for seismic forces.
5.Marine Sub-structures: Types of structures, breakwaters, wharves, sea well, design and construction methods.
Book Recommended:
Course Objectives
ii. To impart knowledge of uses, properties and qualities of various types of explosives.
iii. To impart knowledge of blasting theory and various factors associated with blasting.
v. To study the stresses around tunnels and underground openings under different loading conditions.
Course outcomes:
CO1 Students are able to assess various theories of failures and cracks of rocks.
CO2 Students are able to understand the uses, properties and qualities of various types of
explosives.
CO3 Students are able to assess blasting theory and various factors associated with blasting.
CO4 Students are able to understand the criteria of rock stability and design of slopes.
CO5 Students are able to assess the stresses around tunnels and underground openings
under different loading conditions.
Detailed Syllabus:
1. Strength and Failure of Rocks: Types of failure, theories of failure-Coulomb-Navier theory, Mohrs theory, fracture of jointed rocks in uniaxial compression, crack
phenomenon and mechanism of failure, Griffiths two dimensional theory of cracks, elementary theory of crack propagation strain energy associated with cracks, dynamics
of crack propagation, modified Griffiths brittle fracture criterion.
2. Rock Blasting and Explosives : Explosives, uses, types, properties, composition of high explosives, choice and quality of explosives, mechanism of detonation,
breaking ground with explosives, blasting theory, calculation of burden distance, factors involved in blasting, blast hole diameter, quarry blasting practice.
3. Rocks Slope Stability: Rock slope, mechanism of failure, shape of failure zone, criteria of rock stability, geological considerations, block sliding, principles of design of
slopes.
4. Stabilization of Rocks: Rock bolting, principal of rock bolting, types and applications of rock bolt, rock grouting, grouting, operations, and methods of grouting, guniting.
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5. Stress around Tunnels and under Ground Openings: under various loading condition, effect of number of tunnels and shape of tunnels, design of pressure tunnels in
rocks.
Book Recommended:
Pre-requisites: None.
Course Objectives
i. To impart knowledge of basic concepts of Neural Networks and fuzzy Logic and Characteristics of Neuro- Fuzzy computing.
ii. To impart knowledge of formulation, parameters and basic operations of fuzzy sets.
iii. To impart knowledge of Fuzzy reasoning, fuzzy modeling and its applications in civil engineering problems.
Course outcomes:
CO1 Students are able to assess the basic concepts of Neural Networks and fuzzy Logic and
Characteristics of Neuro- Fuzzy computing.
CO2 Students are able to assess the formulation, parameters and basic operations of fuzzy
sets.
CO3 Students are able to assess the Fuzzy reasoning, fuzzy modelling and its applications in
civil engineering problems.
CO4 Students are able to assess the fundamental concepts of Artificial Neural Networks.
CO5 Students are able to assess the various applications of Neuro-fuzzy computing.
Detailed Syllabus:
1. Introduction: Basic concepts of Neural Networks and fuzzy Logic, Differences between conventional computing and Neuro-fuzzy computing, Characteristics of
Neuro- Fuzzy computing.
2. Fuzzy Set Theory: Basic definitions and terminology and membership functions formulation and parameters, basic operations of fuzzy sets-
complement, intersection, vision, T-norm and T- conorm.
3. Fuzzy Reasoning and Fuzzy Inference: Fuzzy relations, Fuzzy rules, Fuzzy reasoning, Fuzzy Inference systems, fuzzy modelling, Applications of Fuzzy reasoning
and modelling in Civil Engineering Problems.
4. Fundamental Concepts of Artificial Neural Networks: Model of a neuron, activation functions, neural processing. Network architectures, learning methods.
5. Neural Network Models: Feed forward Neural Networks, Back propagation algorithm, application of Feed forward networks, Recurrent networks, Hopfield
networks, Hebbian learning, Self organizing networks, unsupervised learning, competitive learning.
7. Applications of Neuro-fuzzy Computing: Hydrologic Modelling, Time series Analysis and Modelling, Remote sensing, Environmental Modelling, Construction
Management, Fault detection and rehabilitation of structures, Water Management, Design of Foundations, Transportation planning.
Book Recommended:
1. Jang, JSR, C.T. Sun and E. Mizutan (1997), Neuro-Fuzzy and Soft Computing, Prentice Hall, N.J.
2. Simon Haykin, (1994), Neural Networks. A Comprehensive Foundation, McMillan College Publishing Company.
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3. Kosko, B. (1997), Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
4. Klir, George J., T.A. Forger, (1995), Fuzzy Sets, Uncertainty and Information, Prentice Hall of India, Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
5. Rao V and H. Rao, (1996), C++ Neural Networks and Fuzzy Logic, BPB Publications, New Delhi.
Pre-requisites: None.
Course outcomes
iii. To control the seepage and to analyse the seepage with various theories and techniques.
iv. To impart the knowledge of various de-watering methods and drainage methods for stability of slope.
Course Outcomes:
CO1 Students should be able to analyse the seepage with various theories and techniques.
CO4 Students should be able to perform analysis of the seepage by application of seepage
theories.
Detailed Syllabus:
1.Basic Principles: Darcy's Law, Permeability and its field determination, equation of continuity, velocity potential, stream function Laplace's equation.Solution of
Laplace's Equation: Solution by graphical method, flow nets in homogeneous soils, anisotropic soils and layered soils, computation of seepage quantity, seepage pressure,
uplift pressure on structures, exit gradient, piping due to subsurface erosion and heave. Two and three dimensioned electrical analogy method, relaxation method.
2. Seepage through Earth Dams: Determination of phreatic line, Dupuit's solution, Casagrande's solution, Kozeney parabola, entrance and exit corrections, flow nets for
zoned earth dams and earth dams on pervious foundations under steady seepage conditions, flow nets for homogeneous sections under sudden drawn down, introduction
to control of seepage, filters -type, selection and design.
3. Solution by Mapping Techniques: Conformal mapping of elementary function, Kozeney's basic parabola, Schwarez-Christoffel transformation, Khosla's solution,
Velocity hydrograph, flow characteristics at singular points, examples of velocity hydrograph, solution by complex velocity, solution of triangular dam.
4. Seepage in Foundations: Construction dewatering-Methods of dewatering, Design of dewatering for foundation excavations, foundation improvement by drainage,
drainage in retaining structures, influence of seepage on stability of slopes, drainage methods for stability of slopes.
Book Recommended:
Pre-requisites: None.
Course objectives
ii. Apply finite difference and finite element method for analysing behaviour of geotechnical structures.
iii. Apply correlation and regression analysis for the geotechnical data.
Course Outcomes:
CO1 Students would be able to apply finite difference and finite element method for
analyzingbehavior of geotechnical structures.
CO2 Students would be able to solve linear and non-linear equations using numerical techniques.
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Detailed Syllabus:
1. Numerical Solution of Ordinary Differential Equations: Solution by Taylors Series- Eulers Method RungeKutta Methods Simultaneous and Higher Order
Equations- Boundary Value Problems Applications.
2. Finite Difference Method: Finite Difference Representation of Differential Equations Stability Consistency and Convergence of Partial Differential Equations Time
integration Finite Difference Methods in Solution of Steady and Unsteady Problem- Jacobis Method, Gauss Seidel Method, Successive Over Relaxation Method and
Method of Characteristics Application and Examples.
3. Finite Element Method: Basic Concepts Solution of Discrete Problems Steady State and Time Dependent Continuous Problems Application of Finite Method
through Illustrative Examples.
4. Classification and Presentation of Data: Basic Concepts of Probability Probability Axioms Analysis and treatment of Data Population and Samples Measures
of Central Tendency Measures of Dispersion Measures of Symmetry Measures of Peakedness.
5. Probability Distribution: Discrete and Continuous probability Distribution Functions Binomial, Poisson, Normal, Lognormal, Exponential, Gamma Distribution,
Extreme Value Distribution - Transformations to Normal Distributions, Selecting a Probability Distribution, Parameter Estimation Method of Moments, Method of Maximum
Likelihood, Probability Weighted Moments and Least Square Method, Joint Probability Distributions.
6. Regression Analysis: Simple Linear Regression, Evaluation of Regression Confidence Intervals and Tests of Hypotheses Multiple Linear Regression Correlation
and Regression Analysis.
Books Recommended:
4. Numerical Recipes The Art of Scientific Computing by Press, Flannery, Tenklsky, Vetterling.
Pre-requisites: None.
Course Objectives
i. To impart knowledge of various problems associated with soil deposits and various methods to evaluate them.
iii. To impart knowledge of design techniques required to implement various ground improvement methods.
Course Outcomes:
CO1 Students are able to identify and evaluate the deficiencies in the soil deposits.
CO2 Students are able to improve the characteristics of the soil by using different techniques.
Detailed Syllabus:
1. Introduction: Need for ground improvement, historical review of methods adopted in practice, current status and scope in the profession.
2. Methods of Ground Improvement: Mechanical stabilization, dynamic compaction, impact loading, vibro-floatation, preloading, sand drains, stone columns, sand
compaction piles, lime column, granular piles, dynamic consolidation, compaction by blasting, use of admixtures, injection of grouts- design guidelines and quality control,
electrical and thermal methods, stabilization of black cotton soils.
3. Geosynthetics: Raw materials, durability and aging, manufacturing methods, geotextiles-testing and evaluation, geotextile as separators and as reinforcement,
geotextile in filtration, drainage and erosion control, bearing capacity improvement by geotextiles.
4. Reinforced Earth: Basic mechanism, choice of soil and reinforcement, strength characteristics of reinforced earth, principles of design of reinforced earth wall.
Books Recommended:
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8/14/2017 National Institute Of Technology,Kurukshetra
CE 552T SOIL STRUCTURE INTERACTION EC 3 0 0 3 Credits
Pre-requisites: None.
Course Objectives
ii. Should be able to apply the effects of interaction between soil and foundation
iii. The ability to apply the concepts for solving multi task applications
Course Outcomes:
Detailed Syllabus:
1. Definition of soil-foundation interaction soil-foundation-structure interaction, soil-fluid- structure interaction, idealization of soil by linear and non-linear winkler model,
elastic continuum model (isotropic and anistropic), two parameter elastic models - heteny model, pasternak model, Reissner model.
2. Soil Parameters: Interpretation of parameters encountered in various idealised soil models- winkler, two parameter elastic and elastic continuum models.
3. Finite Beams on Elastic Foundation: Finite beams on winkler model, finite beams on two parameter elastic medium, finite beams on homogeneous, isotropic elastic
continuum, finite difference solution to problems of beams on linear and non-linear winkler models.
4. Plates on Elastic Foundation: Rectangular and continuous plates on elastic foundation, plates carrying rows of equidistant columns, rectangular and circular plates on
winkler medium, two parameter elastic medium and no elastic continuum, finite difference solution of problems of rectangular plates on linear and non-linear elastic
foundation.
5. Soil- Structure Interaction in Framed Structures: Structures with isolated foundations- spring analog approach, determination of spring parameters, structures with
continuous beams and rafts as foundation-finite element modelling, sub-structure technique of analysis, concept of relative stiffness, Interactive behaviour of some framed
structures.
6. Soil-pile Interaction: Laterally loaded single piles- concept of coefficient of horizontal sub grade reaction, finite difference and finite element solution, soil-structure
interaction of framed structures with pile foundations.
7. Interaction of other Structures with Soil-foundation System: Tanks with annular ring foundations, chimneys, silos, cooling towers, underground subways and
tunnels.
Books Recommended :
1. John, P. Wolf, " Dynamic Soil-Structure Interaction". 2. John, P.wol f, "Soil-Structure Interaction in Time Domain". 3. Desai, C.S. , Srivardhane, " Constitutive Modelling of
Soils and Rocks". 4. S. Timoshenko, Woimowski and Krigger, "Theory of Plates and Shells".
Pre-requisites: None.
Course Objectives
i. To impart knowledge and skills in assessing the quality of foundation rocks, their aggregates and building material derived from rocks and
assess the geological suitability of sites.
ii. To impart knowledge of weathering, development of soil and various hydrogeological properties of rocks.
iii. To impart knowledge of Plate tectonics, Hill slope stability and Landslides etc.
iv. To impart knowledge of surface and subsurface investigations for various civil engineering projects.
Course Outcomes:
CO1 Students are able to assess the quality of foundation rocks, their aggregates and
building material derived from rocks and assess the geological suitability of sites.
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CO2 Students are able to assess weathering, development of soil and various
hydrogeological properties of rocks.
CO3 Students are able to assess Plate tectonics, Hill slope stability and Landslides etc.
CO4 Students are able to assess the surface and subsurface investigations for various civil
engineering projects.
Detailed Syllabus:
2. Weathering: Rock types and influence of weathering on different types of rocks. Depth of weathering. Development of soil. Hydro-geological properties of rocks.
3. Earth Movements: Crust of earth, Elementary ideas about plate tectonics, Hill slope stability, Landslide, subsidence.
a. Surface Investigations: Study of Satellite Imageries, Aerial Photos and geological maps, geological field work (Field visits for under-construction Civil Engg.
Projects).
Books Recommended:
Pre-requisites: None.
Course objectives:
ii. To impart the knowledge of establishing the relationship between the model and the constraints.
Course outcome:
CO2 Students are able to establish the relationship between the model and the constraints.
Detailed Syllabus:
1. Modelling Process: Taxonomy of model types; Steps in model building; simulation; algorithms and Heuristics; Simulation languages.
2. Primitive Models: Establishing relationships via physical laws; Establishing relationships via curve fitting; Parameter estimation problems;
Elementary state transition models.
3. Forecasting: Nature of data; Statistical attributes of data; Probability distribution and their mechanisms; Generation of random numbers;
Time series.
4. Pattern Recognition: Neighborhood and distances; Cluster analysis; Individual and group preference patterns.
5. Static Equllibrium Models: graphical models and matrix models; Input-output type models; decomposition of large systems; Routing
problems.
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6. Linear Dynamical Structure: Block diagram representation of model structure; Transfer function representation; State space models;
Stability; system control.
7. Growth and Decay Processes: Discrete and continuous growths; Limits to growth: Competition among species; Growth process and integral
equations; Discrete
Simulation of Discrete and Continuous Processes: Monte Carlo methods; Stochastic simulation; System identification; Inverse problems; Virtual reality; typical
example and case studies related to Civil Engineering.
Books Recommended:
M.Tech Environment
Pre-requisites: NONE
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
CO4 Design air pollution control systems and evaluate their efficiency
Detailed Syllabus:
Introduction: Definition, Various Sources, Classification of Pollutants, Effects on environment including living and non-living matter.
Ambient and Stack Monitoring: Monitoring Techniques, High Volume sampling, Handy Sampler, Bio aerosol sampler, Indoor air sampler, Stack sampling, Analysis of
various air pollutants.
Ambient Air Quality and Emissions: Air pollution indices, Standards, norms, rules and regulations.
Air Pollution Control: Preventive measures, Controls at source methods for gaseous and particulates, Automobile emissions control using catalytic converters.
Air pollution Meteorology and Modelling: Adiabatic lapse rate, ELR, Atmospheric stability conditions, Wind Velocity Profile, Maximum Mixing Depth (MMD), Temperature
inversions, Wind rose diagram, Plume behavior, Effect of terrain on plume behaviors, introduction to air quality modelling.
Readings:
1. Colls, J., Air Pollution: Measurement, Modeling and Mitigation, CRC Press, 2009
2. Noel, D. N., Air Pollution Control Engineering, Tata McGraw Hill Publishers, 1999
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Pre-requisites: NONE
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
CO1 Identify and assess the characteristics of wastewater and their impacts
Detailed Syllabus:
Introduction: Wastewater characteristics and variations, design and analysis of wastewater conveyance system, selection of treatment chain, Plant silting, Treatability
studies.
Design of physiochemical unit operation: screening, flow measurement and pumping, grit removal, equalization, sedimentation, floatation.
Design of secondary treatment process: Activated sludge process, Trickling filters, Rotating Biological contractors, Upflow anaerobic sludge blankets (UASB), Anaerobic
filters.
Sludge Disposal: Sludge Thickening, Sludge drying, aerobic and anaerobic digestion of sludge.
Hydraulic treatment plants; flow measurements and hydraulic control points, hydraulic profiles through the treatment plants.
Readings:
1. Benefield L.D. and Randall C.D., Biological Process Designs for Wastewater Treatment, Prentice Hall Pub. Co., 1980
2. Metcalf and Eddy, Wastewater Engineering Collection, Treatment, Disposal and Reuse, 4th Ed., McGraw Hill Pub. Co., 2003
3. UdoWiesmann, In Su Choi and Eva-Maria Dombrowski, Fundamentals of Biological Wastewater Treatment, 1st Ed., Wiley, 2007
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CE527T ADVANCED WATER SUPPLY AND WASTE CS 300 3 Credits
WATER MANAGEMENT
Pre-requisites: NONE
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
CO1 Perform sizing calculations for conventional water treatment process units.
CO3 Plan and design water and wastewater control and disposal systems
Detailed syllabus:
Planning of Water supply projects, components of water supply scheme, water demands and estimation of design capacity, surface sources and design intake works,
selection of pumps and design of pumping station, hydraulics of pumping mains, hydraulics analysis of distribution network and its optimization, design of distributed
systems, leakage analysis and control.
Planning of wastewater management projects; urban hydrology and estimation of municipal sewage and storm runoff, design of sewerage systems, selection of pumps and
design of pumping stations, sewer appurtenances, construction and maintenance of sewerage systems.
Readings:
1. Metcalf and Eddy (2003) Wastewater Engineering, Treatment Reuse. Fourth edition, Tata McGraw Hill publishing Company Limited, New Delhi.
2. Peavy, Rowe and Tchobanoglous (1987) Environmental Engineering, McGraw Hill Book Company, Singapore.
3. CPHEEO (1993) Manual on Sewerage and Sewage Treatment, G.O.I., New delhi.
4. CPHEEO (1999) Manual on water supply and Treatment, G.O.I., New delhi.
5. Fair, Geyer and Okun (1971) Elements of Water Supply Wastewater Disposal, John Wiley and Sons, New York.
6. Steel and McGhee (1979) Water Supply and Sewerage, McGraw Hill Inc. USA.
Pre-requisites: NONE
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
CO3 Understand method to recover materials, conserve products, and to generate energy
from solid wastes.
CO4 Design and locate waste containment systems as per regulatory standards.
Detailed Syllabus:
Introduction: Necessity and importance of solid waste and hazardous waste disposal, definitions, sources, classifications and characteristics, data collection, collection and
reduction at source.
Transport: Collecting equipments, Systems of collection, garbage, chutes, transfer stations, bailing and compacting.
Disposal Options: Recovery of materials, selection of site, land disposal, ocean disposal, feeding to hogs.
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Sanitary land filling: definitions, methodology, trench, area, ramp, pit method, site selection, basic steps involved, cell design and prevention of pollution, Leachate
treatment, gas collection and recirculation.
Composting: Aerobic and anaerobic composting, factors affecting composting Indore and Bangalore process of composting, vermicomposting.
Incineration: Processes 3Ts to control high temperature incinerators, design approach prevention of air pollution.
Prolysis: Process, basic steps involved, end product, pyrolysis of specific solid waste.
Readings:
2. Vesilind PA, Worrell W and Reinhart D, Solid Waste Engineering Brooks/Cole Thomson Learning Inc., 2002
3. Peavy, H.S, Rowe, D.R., and G. Tchobanoglous, Environmental Engineering, McGraw Hill Inc., N.York, 1985
4. G. Tchobanoglous., Frank Kreith ,Hand Book of Solid Waste Management, McGrawHill, Inc., N.York., 2002
5. Qian X, Koerner RM and Gray DH, Geotechnical Aspects of Landfill Design and
Pre-requisites: NONE
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
Detailed syllabus:
Introduction to environmental impact analysis, assessment and statement, evolution of EIA, national environmental policy. EIA process: Screening and scoping criteria;
Rapid and comprehensive EIA Impact Assessment Methodologies Matrices, overlays, network analysis. Specialized areas like environmental health impact assessment;
Environmental risk analysis; Economic valuation methods; cost-benefit analysis; Expert system and GIS applications. Legislative and environmental clearances procedures
in India: Siting criteria; public participations; resettlement and rehabilitation. Environmental management plan; Post project monitoring, EIA report and EIS; Review process.
Case Studies of EIA of river valley projects and thermal power projects.
Readings:
1. Canter, L.W., Environmental Impact Assessment, McGraw Hill Pub. Co., 1997
2. David P. Lawrence, Environmental Impact Assessment: Practical Solutions to Recurrent Problems, John Wiley & Sons, 2003
3. Hosetti, B. B., Kumar A, Eds, Environmental Impact Assessment & Management, Daya Publishing House, 1998
4. UNESCO, Methodological Guidelines for the Integrated Environmental Evaluation of Water Resources Development, UNESCO/UNEP, Paris, 1987
5. Anjaneyulu.Y., and Manickam. V., Environmental Impact Assessment Methodologies, B.S. Publications, Hyderabad, 2007
6. Wathern.P., Environmental Impact Assessment- Theory and Practice, Routledge Publishers, London, 2004
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Pre-requisites: NONE
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
CO2 Understand water chemistry required in the treatment processes of water and
wastewater
Detailed Syllabus:
Chemical Equilibrium and Kinetics Fundamentals Colorimetry: Light adsorption, Beers and Lamberts law; Electro chemistry: Electrodes and pH measurement, Basic
concepts from colloidal chemistry; Acids and Bases; Titrations; Acidity; Alkalinity; buffers and Buffer Intensity; Chemical equilibrium calculations; pC-pH diagram,
Langelierindex, Solubility diagram, Oxidation and Reduction reactions. Laboratory procedures for determining the physical, chemical and microbial parameters of water
and wastewater. Gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy, Light scattering and molecular luminescence methods, Flame emission and Atomic Adsorption
spectroscopy continuous monitoring methods.
Structure of Cell; Types of microorganisms found in the environment; metabolic classification of organisms, enzymes, cofactors, biochemistry of carbohydrates, proteins,
fats, etc. Bacteria: Morphology spore formation, bacterial growth curve-phases, specific growth rate and generation time; Algae: Occurrence, biological economic
importance, morphology, classification and metabolism with special reference to those from that influence the environment; Fungi:Morphology, characteristics,
classification, detection, metabolism, Species of importance in biodegradation of organic matter; Bacteria: Structure, composition, reproduction, metabolism, nutritional
types, growth kinetics, detoxifying bacteria withspecial reference to phenols and heavy metals; Role of bacteria in bio-concentration of trace contamination in food chain.
Readings:
3. Mitchell, R., and Gu, J.D., Environmental Microbiology, 2nd Ed., Wiley-Blackwell, 2010
4. Sawyer, C. N., McCarty, P. L., and Perkin, G.F., Chemistry for Environmental Engineering and Science, 5th edition McGraw-Hill Inc.
Pre-requisites: NONE
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
Detailed Syllabus:
Structure and basic properties of water and their significance in environmental engineering. Source of water impurities; Water quality parameters; Epidemiological and toxic
aspects; physical and chemical interactions due to various forces; Suspension and dispersions; Surface and colloidal chemistry; Settling of particles in water, Coagulation
and flocculation, floatation, filtration mechanisms and interpretations, ion exchange and adsorption, Chemical Oxidation/reduction processes; Disinfection using chlorine,
UV, ozonation. Water stabilization, aeration and gas transfer. Reverse osmosis, electrodialysis and desalination; treatment and sludge management.
Readings:
1. Howard S. Peavy, Donald R. Rowe and George Tchobanoglous, Environmental Engineering, McGraw Hill., 1984
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2. Viessman Jr, Hammer J. M, Perez, E.M, and Chadik, P. A, Water Supply and Pollution Control, PHI Learning, New Delhi, 2009
Pre-requisites: NONE
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
CO3 Identify and design treatment options for handling industrial wastewater.
CO4 Identify and design treatment options for handling industrial wastewater.
Detailed Syllabus:
Nature of characteristics of industrial wastes: Prevention versus control of industrial pollution; Linkage between technology and pollution prevention; Tools for clean
processes, reuse, recycle, recovery, source reduction, raw material substitution, toxic use reduction and process modifications.
Flow sheet analysis; Energy and resources (material and water) audits for efficient usage and conservation; waste audits, emission inventories and waste management
hierarchy for process industries; Thermodynamics constraints to waste minimization; Holistic and critical technology assessment; Environmental performance indicator;
Concept of industrial ecology and symbiosis of eco-parks.
Water and energy use and industry, industrial water quality requirements, deteriorations in water quality. Control and removal of specific pollutants in industrial wastewaters
i.e., oil and grease, cyanide, fluoride, toxic organics, heavy metals, radioactivity. Recent trends in industrial waste management.
Case studies of various industries, e.g., dairy, fertilizer, distillery, sugar, pulp and paper, iron and steel, metal plating, refining, thermal power plants.
Readings:
1. Industrial Wastewater Management, Treatment and Disposal, WEF Manual of practice No. FD-3, 3rd Ed., WEF Press and McGrawHill, 2008
2. Numersorn, N.L., Liquid Waste from Industry Theories, Practice and Treatment, Addison-Wesley, 1971
3. Patwardhan, A.D., Industrial Waste Water Treatment, PHI Learning, 2009 Rao, M.N., and Dutta, A.K., Wastewater Treatment, IBH Publ., 1995
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CE591T WATER QUALITY CS 30 3 Credits
MANAGEMENT 0
Pre-requisites: NONE
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
CO1 Meaning of important parameters for measuring water quality, water quality criteria
and standards, and their relation to public health, environment and urban water cycle.
CO2 Water quality tests and to determine how the parameters relate to each other.
CO3 Principles and the practical approaches and techniques required to effectively monitor
the chemical, hydrological, microbiological and aquatic elements of water quality.
CO4 Water quality tests and to determine how the parameters relate to each other.
Detailed syllabus:
Introduction: Quality parameter and classification of natural water, Physico-Chemical and biological water quality classification of aquatic systems. Sources of pollution:
characteristics of point and non-point sources of pollution. Eutrophication in natural water bodies: causes processes and control Toxic wastes: Sources, transportation and
management strategies.
Case studies related to water quality monitoring under various river actions plans including Ganga and Yamuna Action plans.
Readings:
1. Reckhow and Chapra (1983) Engineering Approaches for Lake Management, Vol. 1, Butterworth, Boston.
2. Thomson and Mueller (1987) Principles of Surface Water Quality Modelling and Control, Harper and Row, NY.
3. Tchobanoglous and Schroeder (1987) Water Quality: characteristics, Modelling and modification, Addition Wesley Pub. Co., USA
4. APHA (1998) Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20th Edition, Washington, D.C.
Pre-requisites: NONE
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
CO3 Understand method to recover materials, conserve products, and to generate energy
from hazardous wastes.
CO4 Design and locate waste containment systems as per regulatory standards.
Detailed Syllabus:
Introduction: Definition, Sources and classification, Lake mark episodes, regulation for Hazardous Waste Management.
Hazardous Waste Characteristics and Site Assessment: Ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, toxicity, EPA-designated hazardous wastes, assessment of hazardous sites.
Waste Minimization and Resource Recovery: Approaches to waste reduction, Benefits of hazardous waste reduction, Properties in hazardous waste management,
development of tracking system, Selection of the waste minimization process, case studies on by product recovery from incineration.
Chemical, Physical and Biological Treatment: Description of unit operation and process, Case study on oil field waste treatment with mobile system.
Thermal process: Advantages and disadvantages of incineration, chemistry of incineration, thermodynamics of incineration, design of an incineration system. Incineration
standards, Types of incinerators: Liquid injection, rotary Kiln and fluid bed, multiple hearth furnaces, fluidized and catalytic incinerator.
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Transportation of hazardous wastes: Regulation, Containers for hazardous materials, bulk and non-bulk transport, hazardous substances emergency response.
Land-fill Disposal: Landfill at disposal sites, developing a new facility, operating a landfill.
Site Remediation: Site assessment and inspection, the hazardous system and the national priority list, remedial action, monitoring of disposal sites.
Readings:
2. LaGerga and Mercer (2001) Hazardous Waste Management, McGraw Hill Inc., USA.
Pre-requisites: NONE
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
CO2 Develop strategies to bring energy efficiency in all stages of the product development
cycle.
CO3 Formulate plans for comprehensive environmental protection, in order to comply with
environmental laws.
Detailed Syllabus:
Engineering Products and Processes: Environmental health and safety, Product life cycle stages, material toxicity, pollution and degradation, environmentally conscious
design and manufacturing approaches, Sustainable development and industrial ecology, System life cycle from cradle to reincarnation, Product life extension,
Organizational issues. Pollution prevention practices, Manufacturing process selection and trade-offs. Design for environment: Motivation, concerns, definitions, examples,
guidelines, methods and tools.
Recyclability assessments, design for recycling practices. Re-manufacturability assessments, design for remanufacture / Reuse practices.
Industrial ecology and eco-industrial parks, eco-labels and life cycle analysis (LCA): LCA methodology, steps, tools and problems, Life cycle accounting and costing.
ISO 14000 Environmental Management Standards, New Business paradigms and associated design practices.
Readings:
2. Handbook on Life Cycle Assessment : Operational guide to the ISO standards, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2004
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Pre-requisites: NONE
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
CO2 Design approaches for biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal processes.
Detailed syllabus:
Microbiological Concepts: Cells, classification and characteristics of living organisms, characterisation techniques, reproduction metabolism, microbial growth kinetics.
Kinetics and Modelling of Reactors: types of reactors, kinetics of biochemical operations, modelling of suspended growth systems, techniques for evaluation of kinetic and
stoichiometric parameters.
Concepts and principles: Carbon oxidation, nitrification, denitrification, methanogenesis, sulphate reduction.
Engineered systems: Waste and water treatment chains, low cost options, decentralized and combined treatment systems.
Physico-chemical treatment: Membrane process: Reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, microfiltration adsorption, advance oxidation processes, chemical
precipitation.
Biological nutrient removal: Tertiary treatment, Aerobic and Anaerobic treatment processes; overflow land disposal and constructed wetlands.
Readings:
1. Metcalf and Eddy (2003) Wastewater Engineering, Treatment Reuse. Fourth edition, Tata McGraw Hill publishing Company Limited, New Delhi.
2. Weber, W.J. (1972) Physicochemical Process for Water Quality Control, Wiley Interscience, New York.
3. Eckenfelder, W.W. (2000) Industrial Pollution Control, McGraw Hill Book Company, Singapore.
4. Peavy, Rowe and Tchobanoglous (1987) Environmental Engineering, McGraw Hill Book Company, Singapore.
Pre-requisites: NONE
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
CO4 Identify ethical, environmental, societal and safety issues related to bioremediation
using genetically engineered bacteria
Detailed syllabus:
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Microbial systems of bioremediations; factors influencing bioremediation (environmental factors, physical factors and chemical factors); Genetic responses of
microorganisms to the presence of pollutants (plasmid coded inducible degradative enzymes)
Application of genetically engineered microorganisms for hazardous waste management; Microbial transformation reactions (aerobic and anaerobic biotranformations);
Microbial detoxification of speciality chemicals (insecticide, herbicide, fungicides, polychlorinated biphenyls, heavy metals)
Bioremediations systems and processes (Solid, liquid and slurry phase bioremediations); Microbial cleaning of gases (biofiltration and bioscrubbing);
In Situ bioremediation, laboratory scale biotreatability studies for bioremediations, Management of bioremediation project.
Readings:
1. Ergas, S.J., Chang, D.P.Y., Schreoder, E.D., and Eweis J.B., Bioremediation Principles , WCB/McGraw-Hill, 1998
2. Rittmann, B.E., and McCarty, P.L., Environmental Biotechnology : Principles and Applications, McGraw Hill, 2001
Pre-requisites: NONE
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
CO4 Exposure to various scientific and regulatory-grade regional air quality models and
their applications.
Detailed syllabus:
Introduction to Air Quality Modelling: Approaches to model formulation. Model classification, criteria for model selection. Air pollution meteorology meteorological
parameters, stability classification; plume rise, plume behaviour, dispersion parameters. Basic diffusion equation, deterministic, numerical and statistical modelling
approach. Introduction to boundary layer turbulence physical modelling approach. Stochastic modelling approach to air pollution dispersion. Theory of Gaussian plume
model and its application. Introduction to indoor air quality model. ISCST3; CALINE4; ROADAIR. Case studies.
Readings:
1. Seinfeld, J.H. (1986) Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics of Air Pollution, John Wiley and Sons Inc., USA
2. Seinfeld, J.H. (1975) Air Pollution: physical and Chemical Fundamentals, McGraw Hill Inc. USA
3. Peavy, Rowe and Tchobanoglous (1987) Environmental Engineering, McGraw Hill Book Company, Singapore.
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Pre-requisites: NONE
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
CO1 Identify the complex environmental issues and their impact on business and industry.
CO2 Specify strategies and polices used to promote cleaner production in industry.
CO3 Identify mitigation methods for minimising the environmental risk due to anthropogenic
activities.
CO4 Describe criteria and process for implementing Environmental Management systems.
Detailed syllabus:
Introduction: Basic concepts of environmental risk and definitions; hazard identification procedures; environmental risk zonation.
Consequence analysis and modelling (discharge models, dispersions models, fire and explosion models effect models etc.)
Estimation of incident frequencies: Estimations of incident frequencies from historical date, frequency modelling techniques e.g., Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and Event Tree
Analysis (ETA).
Human factors in risk analysis; Calculation and presentation of risk (individual risk, societal risk); Risk management, rules, regulations and conventions, case studies.
Readings:
1. Masters, G.M. (1998) Introduction to Environmental Engineering and Science, Prentice Hall, USA
2. Schwarzenbach, Gschwend, and Imboden (1993) Environmental Organic Chemistry, John Wiley and Sons, Inc. NY.
Pre-requisites: NONE
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
CO1 Apply numerical schemes for solution of differential equations in Water Resources and
Environmental Engineering
CO2 Apply finite difference schemes for solution of hydraulic and hydrologic models
CO3 Formulate finite element model for solution of flow through porous media
CO4 Perform statistical analysis of water resources and environmental engineering systems
Detailed syllabus:
Numerical Methods: Newton Raphson Method for solution of simultaneous equations. Numerical solutions of partial differential equations: Finite difference methods, finite
element method and method of characteristics. Explicit and Implicit methods to solve simple parabolic differential equations, convergence, boundary value problems and
successive over relaxations methods. Numerical dispersions errors and their preventions, Comparisons of solutions by analytical and finite difference techniques for one
dimensional instantaneous discharge simple computer program based examples.
Optimization: Definition and classification of optimizations problems, importance in Environmental studies, Single and multivariable optimization without and with
constraints.
Linear Programming: Standard form of problems, Pivotal reduction of equations, Single and two phase simplex methods, Piece wise linear approximation of non-linear
optimization.
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Numerical search methods for 1-D Nonlinear problems: Dichotomous, Fibonacci and Golden section methods, Quadraticand cubic interpolation methods, solution of linear
programming problems using computer programming.
Statistics and probability: Frequency distribution characteristics of distributions: central tendencies and dispersions, concept of probability Binomial , Poisson and
Normal distribution applications method of least square and regression multiple regression the Chi-Squared test F Test , Analysis problems using Computer
Programming.
Readings:
1. Hoffman, J.D., Numerical Methods for Engineers and Scientists, CRC Press, Special Indian Edition., 2011
2. Kotteguda, N.T. and Renzo Resso, Statistics, Probability and Reliability for Civil and Environmental Engineers, McGraw Hill Companies Inc., New York., 1998
3. Schilling, R.J., and S.L. Harris, Applied Numerical Methods for Engineering, CENGAGE Learning, India Edition., 2007
Pre-requisites: NONE
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
Detailed syllabus:
Unsaturated zone properties: Soil moisture levels, Retention curves, Flow through unsaturated porous media, infiltration and wetting front.
Pollution Dynamics, Hydrodynamics dispersions, Biodegradations, Radioactivity decay, Reactive processes, Multiphase contamination, NAPLs, VOCs, Site specific
groundwater quality problems in Indian context.
Numerical models, Finite difference methods, Numerical modelling of steady and transient flows in saturated and unsaturated domains, Contamination transport modelling,
Application of FEM and BIEM in groundwater modelling, Regional aquifer simulation.
Contaminated groundwater systems and their rehabilitation, Development and optimization based management of aquifer systems, stochastic models, Random field
concepts in groundwater models; Application emerging techniques to groundwater management.
Readings:
1. Rich L.G. (1972) Environmental Systems Engineering, McGraw Hill Inc. USA.
2. Thoman R.V.(1980)Systems Approach to Water Quality Management, McGraw Hill Inc. USA
3. Canter and Knox (1985) Ground Water Pollution Control, Lewis Publication, Michigan, USA.
5. Schnoor, J.L. (1996) Environmental Modelling, John Wiley and Sons, USA
Pre-requisites: None
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
CO3 Develop approximate solutions for small and large Reynolds number flows
Detailed syllabus:
KINEMATICS OF FLUIDS:
Methods of describing fluid motion-Lagrangian and Eulerian methods, Translation, Rotation and rate of deformation. Streamline, Path lines and streak lines, Material
Derivative-local and Convective Acceleration, Fluid rotation-Vorticity Vector.
Stresses at a point fluids. Stress Tensior-Normal and shear stresses, Nature of strains. Relations between stresses and rates of strains-Stokes law of viscosity. Viscous
contribution to normal stresses.
FUNDAMENTAL EQUATIONS OF FLOW OF VISCOUS COMPRESSIBLE FLUIDS: Reynold's transport theorem, Equations of Continuity and Momentum in integral form
and applications, Differential form of continuity equation and Euler's equation of motion, Navier-Stoke's equations of viscous compressible fluids.
Circulation concept-Stoke's theorem, Kelvin's theorem, Stream function, Irrotational flow and velocity potential function, Integration of Euler's equation-along a stream line
for irrotational flows, Momentum theorem and moment of momentum theorem. Laplace equation and Flow nets, Two dimensional flow examples-Rectilinear flow,
Source/Sink, Vortex, Doublet, Dipole. Three dimensional axis - Symmetric flow examples-Uniform flow. Source / Sink, Doublet, Rankine's method of constructing flow net.
Motion of solids in a fluid superposition of source and rectilinear flow(two and three dimensional cases). Superposition of source and sink with rectilinear flow (Rankine
body). Superposition of rectilinear and doublet. Cylinder and sphere in uniform flow: Superposition of vortex and doublet on uniform rectilinear flow, Presence of force of lift
on the cylinder/sphere in motion with circulation, lifting vanes.
Similarity of flows, Reynolds Number and its significance, Flow between parallel flat plates, Couette flow, Plane Poiseville flow, Flow through pipes, Hagen-Poisseille flow,
Axial flow, Flow between two coaxial cylinders, Flow between two concentric rotating cylinders, Measurement of viscosity, Unsteady motion of a flat plate (plane wall).
Properties of Navier-Stoke's equations-Boundary layer concept, Prandtl's boundary layer equations in two dimensional flow. Boundary layer along a flat plate-Blasius
solution for shearing stress & boundary layer thickness; Boundary layer on a surface with pressure gradient, Momentum integral theorems for boundary layer, Von Karman
integral relation from boundary layer equation and using moment law, Applications of momentum integral relation to the boundary layers-Von Karman Pohlhausen method,
Separation of boundary layer flow-mathematical criterion and prediction of separation. Methods of boundary layer, Control including boundary layer suction.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
Fox, R.W., Pitchard, P.J., and Mcdonald, A.T., Fluid Mechanics, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd., 2009.
Schlichting, H., and Gresten, K., Boundary Layer Theory, Springer Publications, 2004.
White, F.M., Viscous Fluid Flow, McGraw Hill Pub. Co, New York, 2011.
Yalin, M.S., Theory of Hydraulic Models, McMillan Co., 1971
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Pre-requisites: None
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
CO2 Predict hydrologic extreme events for hydraulic and hydrologic design
Detailed syllabus:
Classification of open channels, Classification of flow, Basic equations, Energy & Momentum coefficients, Pressure variation in a vertical.
UNIFORM FLOW IN RIGID-BOUNDARY CHANNELS: Shear stresses on the boundary, Velocity distribution, Flow over scattered roughness elements, Chezy's equation,
Manning's equation, Effect of channel shape on resistance equation, Conveyance of a channel, Section factor curves. Flow in a circular channel, Relation between
conveyance & depth.
UNIFORM FLOW IN MOBILE-BOUNDARY CHANNELS: Incipient motion condition. Regimes of flow, Resistance to Flow in alluvial streams, Non-scouring erodible
boundary Channels.
SPECIFIC ENERGY SPECIFIC FORCE AND CRITICAL DEPTH: Specific energy, Specific force, Critical depth computations, Control section, Applications of specific
energy and critical depth concepts.
GRADUALLY VARIED FLOW: Types of non-uniform flow and governing equation, Characteristics of surface curves, Classification of surface curves, Computations of GVF
in prismatic and non-prismatic channels, Division of flow at islands, Delivery of canals.
RAPIDLY VARIED FLOW: Types of jump, Hydraulic jump in horizontal and sloping rectangular channels, Location of jump on horizontal floor, Forced hydraulic jump, Jump
in expanding and non rectangular channels, Critical depth flume. End depth in a free overfall, Sluice gate flow.
UNSTEADY FLOW: Waves & their classification, Celerity of a wave, Surges, equation of motion. Method of characteristics, Dam break problems, Flood routing in channel.
SPATIALLY VARIED FLOW AND TRANSITION: SVF with increasing and decreasing discharge, Side weir, Bottom racks, Subcritical and supercritical transitions.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
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Pre-requisites: None
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
CO2 Predict hydrologic extreme events for hydraulic and hydrologic design
Detailed syllabus:
INTRODUCTION:
HYDROLOGIC PROCESSES:
Reynolds transport theorem, Continuity equations-integral equation of continuity, Discrete time continuity, Momentum equations, Porous medium flow, Energy balance,
Transport processes.
ATMOSPHERIC WATER:
Atmospheric circulation, Water vapor, Precipitation, Thunder-storm cell model, Evaporation-energy balance method, Aerodynamic method, Combined aerodynamic and
energy balance method, Evapotranspiration.
SUB-SURFACE WATER:
Unsaturated (low-continuity equation, Momentum equation, Infiltration, Horton's equation. Philip's equation, Green Ampt method, Green-Ampt parameters, Two layer
Green Ampt Model, Ponding time.
SURFACE WATER:
Sources of stream flow, Horotonian overland flow, Sub surface flow, Saturation overland flow. Stream flow hydrograph, Storm hydrograph, Base flow separation, Excess
rainfall and direct runoff, Runoff coefficients, Abstractions using infiltration equations, SCS method for abstractions, Urbanization effect, Time distribution of SCS
abstractions, Catchment characteristics, Number of streams, Length of streams, Stream density, Drainage density, Order of streams, Mean and median elevation.
Hypsometric curves.
HYDROLOGIC MEASUREMENT:
Hydrologic measurement sequence, Measurement of atmospheric water-atmospheric moisture, Rainfall. Snowfall, Interception, evaporation,evapotranspiration,
Measurement of surface water-water surface elevation, Flow velocity, Stream flow rate, Discharge computation, Rating curve, Measurement of sub-surface, Water-soil
moisture. Infiltration, Ground water.
UNIT HYDROGRAPH:
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General hydrologic system model, Linear system in continuous time, Response functions of linear systems, Impulse response function, Step response function. Pulse
response function, Linear system in discrete time, Discrete pulse response function, The unit hydrograph, Unit hydrograph derivation, Unit hydrograph application, Unit
hydrograph by matrix calculation. Solution by linear regression, Solution by linear programming, Synthetic unit hydrograph, Snyder's synthetic unit hydrograph, SCS
dimensionless hydrograph, Unit hydrograph for different rainfall duration, Instantaneous unit hydrograph.
Lumped system routing, Level pool routing, Runge-Kutta method, Hydrologic river routing, Linear reservoir model, Composite models.
HYDROLOGIC STATISTICS:
Variables, Mean, Mode, Median, Standard deviation, Coefficient of variation, Moments, Skewness, Probalistic treatment of hydrologic data, Frequency and probability
functions quality criteria, Groundwater samples, Changes in chemical composition, Dissolved gases and Temperature of groundwater: Occurrence of saline groundwater.
POLLUTION OF GROUNDWATER:
Pollution of groundwater in relation to water use-municipal, industrial and miscellaneous sources and causes, Attenuation of pollution, Distribution of pollution in the
groundwater, evaluation of pollution potential, monitoring of groundwater quality.
MANAGEMENT OF GROUNDWATER:
Concepts of basin management, Equation of hydrologic equilibrium, Groundwater basin investigations, Data collection and field work, Alternative basin yield, Evaluation of
perennial yield, Salt balance, Basin management by conjunctive use.
Porous media models, Analog models, Electric analog models, Digital computer models.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
Pre-requisites: None
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8/14/2017 National Institute Of Technology,Kurukshetra
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
CO2 Formulate and solve conjunctive use of surface water and groundwater resource
utilization problems
CO3 Identify sites for artificial recharge of groundwater and determine the consequences of
artificial recharge
Detailed syllabus:-
Groundwater in hydrological cycle, Properties of rocks and water bearing formations affecting ground water flow, Ground water basins, Vertical distribution of ground water,
Ground water potential and its exploitation in India.
GROUNDWATER MOVEMENT:
Darcy's law, Permeability and its determination, Flow rates and directions of flow of ground water, Dispersion of tracers in ground water, Unsaturated flows, General
equations governing steady/unsteady flow through confined and unconfined aquifers.
Flow in confined aquifers towards wells in steady and unsteady state. Flow through leaky or semiconfined acquifers into wells, Dupuits assumption for unconfined aquifers,
Steady and unsteady flows into wells, Theis, Jacob's and Chow's methods of solution of unsteady flows, Method of superposition in groundwater flow-method of images,
Solutions of flow towards wells near a recharge boundary or impermeable boundary, Use of observation wells, Multiple well systems, Partially penetrating wells.
Selection of Aquifer, well depth and well diameter, selection of screen-type and design of well screen, Provision of artificial gravel pack and shrouded wells, Test holes and
well logs, Method of construction of shallow and deep wells including drilling, Completion and development of wells, Pumping equipment, resting the wells for yield,
Maintenance and protection of wells, Rehabilitation of old and abandoned wells.
Geological methods, Remote sensing, Geophysical exploration, electrical Resistivity method, Seismic Refraction method, Gravity and magnetic methods, Water Witching.
Test drilling measurement of water levels, Geophysical logging, Resistivity logging, Spontaneous potential logging, Radiation logging, Temperature logging, Caliper logging,
Fluid conductivity logging, Fluid Velocity logging, miscellaneous logging and other subsurface techniques.
Concept of artificial recharge: Methods of artificial recharge-water spreading, Waste water recharge for reuse, Recharge mounds , Induced recharge, Artificial recharge for
energy purposes.
Occurrence of saline water intrusion, Ghyben-Herzberg Relation between fresh and saline water shape and structure of fresh water and salt water interface, upcoming
saline water, fresh water and salt water relations on oceanic islands, Control of salt water intrusion, Recognition of sea water in the ground water.
Sources of salinity, Measures of water quality, Chemical analysis-graphical representation, physical and Biological analysis, water
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
Karamouz, M, Ahmadi, A, and Akhbari, M, Groundwater Hydrology: Engineering, Planning and Management, CRC Press, 2011.
Todd, D.K., and Mays, L. W., Groundwater Hydrology, John Wiley & Sons, Singapore, 2011.
Davis, S.N., and De Weist, R.J.M., Hydrogeology, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1966.
Domenico, Concepts and Models in Groundwater Hydrology, McGraw Hill Inc. New York, 1972
Pre-requisites: None
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
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8/14/2017 National Institute Of Technology,Kurukshetra
CO2 Plan and design soil conservation measures in a watershed
CO3 Plan and design water harvesting and groundwater recharge structures
Detailed syllabus:-
INTRODUCTION
Water and life, Management and conservation of water, Climate data, Soil erosion and sedimentation, Conservation of soil, System and conceptual models of runoff
hydrograph, System models. Conceptual models of unit hydrograph, Conceptual models, Dynamic models.
Determination of trend and periodic components, Analysis of stochastic components Stationary and non-stationary series, Synthetic data generation and short term
forecasting.
Types of soil erosion wind erosion, Water erosion. Estimation of soil erosion, Soil loss models, Sediment yield models. Sediment graph, Bed-load models, Controlling soil
erosion due to wind and water soil conservation practices, Vegetative and mechanical practices, Erosion control in torrents and gullies.
WATER HARVESTING:
Storage structures. Yield from catchment, Diversion of runoff, Ponds and reservoirs, Earth embankments.
WATERSHED:
Watershed programs. Mass soil movement, Afforestation, Streams. Management of saline and alkaline soils, Grassland management, Watershed water sources,
Conservation of water, Augmentation of water resource, Methods of artificial recharge.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
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Internal: 50 marks End Term: 50 marks Total: 100 marks
Pre-requisites: None
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
Detailed syllabus:-
CONSUMPTIVE USE:
Definition, Direct measurement of consumptive use, Methods of estimating consumptive use, Penman method, Blaney Criddle method, Thornthwaite method, Lowery
Johnsen method, Consumptive use of typical crops.
Border irrigation-details, straight & contour borders, border specifications, stream size, hydraulics of border irrigation, design of border irrigation systems, Check basin
irrigation-types & design considerations, hydraulics of check basin irrigation, design of check basin irrigation system. Furrrow irrigation-characteristics & types, its
hydraulics & design considerations. Sprinkler irrigation system-adaptability, limitations & types, components of sprinkler system & design, moisture distribution, uniformity,
testing water distribution pattern of rotating head sprinklers, operation & maintenance of sprinkler system. Drip irrigation-components, details, nozzles, drip irrigation system
design, basic hydraulics, design of laterals for uniform and non-uniform slopes, design charts for the submain and main line design, evaluation of drip irrigation system.
Introduction to sub irrigation and surge flow irrigation methods and reuse of waste water for irrigation.
Design of lined & unlined channels, Maintenance of irrigation canal, Weed and plant growth, Canal breach, closure of breach, Field channels, Water control and diversion
structures. Check gates. Seals and on farm water distribution, Portable check dams, Turnouts, Types, Water conveyance through prefabricated canals. Underground pipe
line, Irrigation distribution systems. Pipes used, Testing of pipes, Installation of concrete pipe lines. Gate stands, air vents end plugs, Outlets in pipes, Riser valve, Design
of underground pipe line, Irrigation system. Common problems of underground pipe lines.
Criteria for land levelling, Land clearing, Layout of fields and irrigation and drainage system, Land grading survey, Land levelling design methods, Plane and profile
methods, Plan inspection& contour adjustment methods, Construction & maintenance, Job planning, Contour bench leveling, Bench location, Planning of bench location,
contour bench construction, Equipment used for land grading & field layouts.
Definitions, determination of the properties of saline & alkaline soils, Origin & Causes of salt built up in irrigated soils. Origin of salt in irrigated water, Causes of salt
accumulation. Effect of irrigation soil management, and crop management in soil salinity, Nature and extent of salt problem in irrigated areas of India. Water logging and
soil salinity & alkalinity. Influence of salts on physical properties of soils, Salt balance, leaching requirements, Leaching methods, Drainage of irrigated lands in relation to
salinity control. Quality of irrigation water, its chemical analysis, water quality criteria. Classification of irrigation water, Quality of Statistical parameters, Fining a probability
distribution, Method of moments, Method of maximum likelihood, Testing the goodness of fit, Probability distributions for hydrologic variables. Normal, lognormal,
exponential, Gamma, Pearson type III, Log-Pearson type III and extreme value distributions.
FREQUENCY ANALYSIS:
Return period, Hydrologic data series, Extreme value distributions, Frequency analysis using frequency factors probability plotting, Probability paper, plotting positions,
Water resources council method, Determination of the coefficient of skewness, Testing for outliers, Reliability of analysis, Confidence limits, Standard error, Expected
probability. Time series models in hydrology, Trends of annual series, Moving average and exponential smoothing, ARMA model, Generation of synthetic flow data.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
Applied Hydrology by Chow, Maidment & Mays McGraw Hill Inter Editions.
Applied Hydrology by K.N.Mutreja, Tata McGraw Hill.
Hydrology H.M.Raghunath, Wiley Eastern Ltd.
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Course Outcomes:
CO1 Students should be able to apply concepts of systems analysis for planning of water
resources systems and minor levels
CO2 Students can perform basic economic analysis between alternate water resources projects
and to evaluate the economic feasibility of water resources engineering projects
CO3 Students must in position to formulate and solve deterministic optimization models for design
and operation of water resources systems
CO4 To develop analytical skills to formulate and solve stochastic problems for decision making
under uncertainty
Detailed Syllabus:
INTRODUCTION:
Planning, Meaning and Significance. Need for water resources systems planning, Issues in planning. Planning process.
Statement of objectives. Data requirements. Project formulation. Environmental considerations in planning, Systems analysis. Pitfalls in project planning. Conservation and
augmentation of water resources. Multipurpose projects. Functional requirements in multi-purpose project. Compatibility of multipurpose uses.
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS:
Equivalence of kind. Equivalence of time, Value. Cost. Benefit. Discounting factors, Discounting techniques. Measurement of cost and benefit. Benefit-cost analysis.
Project evaluation, Benefit-cost variation. Limitations of benefit-cost analysis. Dynamic of project analysis.
FINANACIAL ANALYSIS:
Role of financial analysis. Distinctions from economic analysis. Financial feasibility, Separable and non-separable costs. Cost allocation, allocation consequences. Water
resources pricing.
Concepts of systems engineering in water resources. Objective function, Production function and optimality conditions. Linear, non-linear and dynamic programming,
Sensitivity analysis, Stochastic models, Statistical decision theory. Application of water resources systems engineering to practical problems.
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BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Water Resources Engineering by R.K. Liniley and Franzini, McGraw-Hill Book Co.
2. Water Resources Systems Engineering by Hall and Dracup ,McGraw Hill Book Co.
3. Economics of Water Resources Engineering by L. Douglas James. and Robert R. Lee McGraw Hill BookCo.
4. Design of Water Resources Systems by Arther Mass et. Al, Harward Univ. Press Cambridge. 1967
Course Outcomes:
CO1 An understanding of the importance of slope stability in dam safety, and the basic theoretical
principles supporting slope stability analysis methods
CO3 An understanding of soil stress-strain behavior and its relationship to shear strength
CO4 An understanding of how to select shear strength parameters from field and laboratory data
INTRODUCTION:
Classification of earth dams, Earth dam foundations, Causes of failure and criteria for safe design, Preliminary section.
Fundamentals of seepage flow, Kozeny's solution, Cassagrande's method, Top flow line for inclined discharge faces, Transverse isotropy, Non homogeneous sections.
Flowet for seepage through an earth darn, Methods of seepage control, Provision of impervious core in the embankment, Design of transition filters, Drainage of
embankments, Drainage of the upstream face, Control of seepage coming out on the downstream lace, Control of seepage through rock, Clayey & pervious foundations,
Cutoffs. Alluvial grouting, upstream impervious blanket, counter berm, Relief wells, Treatment of liquefying sands.
STABILITY OF SLOPES:
General concepts, Stress relationship and shear parameters, Mohr strength theory, Mom-Coulomb's envelope, Shearing strength of cohesive &cohesionless soils, Critical
'stages for design, Construction pore pressure, Hill's method, factor affecting construction pore pressure, Steady seepage and drawdown pore pressures, Unsteady
analysis, Control -of drawdown pore pressures, Location of critical slip surface, Total and effective stress methods of analysis, Stability analysis by method of slices,
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Accuracy of simplified !methods, Choice between Fellenus and Bishop's methods, Morgenstern- Price method, Wedge method, Three dimensional effects, Earthquakes,
Application of dynamic response analysis, Deformation analysis, Suggested design procedure.
Compaction of cohesive and cohesionless soils, Field compaction methods, Placement Control of embankment, Compaction control of embankment, Compaction control
of gravelly material, Frequency oftesting, Statistical evaluation of tests,Borrow area control adjustment of moisture, Foundation preparation, Contact. treatment, Pore
pressure measurements-open stand pipe piezometers,Closedhydraulictype,Pneumatictypepiezometers,Electricaltypepiezometers,Vertical movement devices Tube
settlement gauges,Find level devices, devices for measuring settlement gauges, Fluid level devices, Horizontal movementdevices, Extensimeter
sinclinometers,surfacemeasurements.Stressmeasurements,Seismicmeasurements,Choiceof instrumentation, Instrumentation problems.
BOOKS RECOMMUNDED:
2. Geotechnical Engineering of Dams by Robin Fell and Patrick MacGregor., David Stapledon, Graeme Bell., CRC Press
Course Outcomes:
GRAVITY DAMS:
Darn parameters, Criteria for selection of dam sites, Joints & keys, Cooling arrangement, Water stops at joints, Closing gaps, forces acting on darns, Types of loads,
Elementary profile of a gravity dam, Step by step method, Stability analysis methods, Safety criteria, Gravity analysis, Internal stress calculations, Graphical determination
of shear stress, Effect of foundation elasticity on stresses, Galleries, Behavior of concrete gravity darn subjected to earthquakes, 'thermal stresses.
ARCH DAMS:
Development of arch dam, Valleys suited for arch darns, Arch darns layout, Types of arch dams, Appurtenant works, Thin cylinder theory and most economical central
angle, Design of arch dam, Suitability at abutments, Effects of foundation elasticity on the behaviors of an arch dam.
BUTTRESS DAMS:
Types of buttress darn, Selection of type of buttress dam, Most economical profile having no tension, Design principles, Buttress design by Unit column theory, Basic shape
of buttress, Design of multiple arch darn, Provision of spillways and outlet works.
Factors affecting design, Components of spillways, Types of spillways, Design principles, Hydraulic design ogee spillway, Side channel spillway, Chute spillway, Syphon
spillway, Shaft-spillway, Energy dissipation below spillways, Bucket type energy dissipaters, Design of various types of stilling basins.
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Design of weirs & barrages on permeable foundation, Khosla theory of independent variable, Schwarz Christoffel transformation, Upstream and downstream protection,
Flownets, Design of sloping glacis weir, Calculation for hydraulic jump and uplift pressure.
HYDRAULIC MODELS:
Theory of similarity, dimensional analysis, Basic concepts, Froude law, Reynolds law, Mach law, Cavitation number, Modeling technique, Models of weirs, Darns, Spillways
and energy dissipaters.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Engineering for Dams by Creager, Justin & Hinds, Willey Eastern Pvt. Ltd., Delhi
2. Concrete Dams by R.S. Varshney, Oxford & IBH Pub. Co. Delhi.
5. Hydraulic Design of Spillways, ASCE Technical Engg. No. 12, Design guides as adapted from the US Army Corps.
6. Hydraulic Structures; P. Novak, AIB Moffat, C. Nalluri, and R.Narayanan: Taylor & Francis, New York
Pre-requisites: None
Course Outcomes: After the completion of the course, students are able:
CO1 To develop an understanding of current EIA methods and the techniques and tools used.
CO3 To apply knowledge acquired to the process of environmental impact modeling and prediction
as a design tool with application to a number of case studies
Detailed syllabus:
Introduction to environmental impact analysis, assessment and statement, evolution of EIA, national environmental policy.
EIA process: Screening and scoping criteria; Rapid and comprehensive EIA
Specialized areas like environmental health impact assessment; Environmental risk analysis; Economic valuation methods; cost-benefit analysis; Expert system and
GIS applications.
Legislative and environmental clearances procedures in India: Siting criteria; public participations; resettlement and rehabilitation. Environmental management plan;
Post project monitoring, EIA report and EIS; Review process. Case Studies of EIA of river valley projects and thermal power projects.
Books:
1. Canter, L.W. (1996) Environmental Impact Assessment, McGraw Hill, Inc., NY.
2. Rau and Wooten (1980) Environmental Impact Analysis Handbook, McGraw Hill, Inc., NY.
3. Jain, Urban and Stacey (1977) Environmental Impact Analysis, Van Nostrand and Reinhold Company, NY
Pre-requisites: None
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Course Outcomes: After the completion of the course, students are able:
CO3 To design simulation models for various case studies like time series,input-output, etc.
CO4 To practice on simulation tools and impart knowledge on building simulation systems.
Detailed syllabus:
MODELLING PROCESS:
Taxonomy of model types, Steps in model building; Simulation, Algorithms and Heuristics, Simulation languages.
PRIMITIVE MODELS:
Establishing relationships via physical laws, Establishing relationships via curve fitting, Parameter estimation problems, Elementary state transition models.
FORECASTING:
Nature of data, Statistical attributes of data, Probability distributions and their mechanisms, Generation of random numbers, Time series.
PATTERN RECOGNITION:
Neighbourhood and distances, Cluster analysis, Individual and group preference patterns.
Graphical models and matrix models, Input-output type models, Decomposition of large systems, Routing problems.
Block diagram, Representation of model structure, Transfer function representation, State space models, Stability, System control.
Discrete and continuous growths, Limits to growth, Competition among species, Growth process and integral equations, Discrete event approach, Population planning.
Monte Carlo methods, Stochastic simulation, System identification, Inverse problems, Virtual reality, Typical example and case studies related to Civil Engineering.
BOOKS RECOMMUNDED:
2. D.P. Maki and M. Thompson, Mathematical Models and Applications. Prentice Hall.
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Pre-requisites: None
Course Outcomes:
CO1 To identify, formulate, and solve engineering problems by numerical techniques like Method of
characteristics, Finite difference Method, Finite Element Method.
CO2 To learn various types of modelings like as steady state flow, hydraulic transients in pipes, non-
uniform, spatially varied flows in open channels
CO3 To analyze and interpret data obtained from the numerical solution of fluid flow problems.
CO4 To use the techniques, skills, & engineering tools necessary for engineering practice by
applying numerical methods to a "real-world" fluid-flow problem, integrating various numerical
techniques in formulating a numerical solution method for that problem.
Detailed syllabus:
Review of numerical techniques like Method of characteristics, Finite difference Method, Finite Element Method, Modelling of steady state flow and hydraulic transients
in pipes, Modelling of non-uniform, Transient, Spatially varied flows in open channels, Numerical solutions for Navier- Stokes equation, Boundary layer and Reyonlds
equations, Modelling of groundwater flow and contaminated transport in groundwater.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Computational Hydraulic, by M.B. Abbot, Pitman 2. Computational Hydraulics, by C.A. Brebbia and A.J. Ferrante, Butterworths 3. Introduction to
Groundwater Modelling, by H.A. Want and M.P. Anderson
Pre-requisites: None
Course Outcomes:
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CO4 To possesses the competencies necessary for the design and implementation of complex wind
energy systems.
Detailed syllabus:
Atmospheric pressure and gradient wind, Wind climate and structure, Peak 3-sec, 10 min and hourly mean wind speeds. Low cycle energy and large
scale pressure systems, Wind energy and turbulence, Spectral distribution and boundary layer (ABL) & its characterstics. Aerodynamilcs of bluff
bodies, Vortex shedding and associated unsteady along and across wind forces. Peak factor and gust factor estimation. Buffeting and ovalling,
Gallaping and flutter. Extreme winds, Correlation and spectral function. Random vibration theory, Autocorrelation function, Power spectral density,
Narrow and wide bar random processes. Response of SDF in the frequency domain to random excitation. Application to MDF systems. Experimental
procedures for response studies. Wind tunnel and its salient features, ABL simulation. Basic wind tunnel instrumentation for the measurement of flow
parameters, Forces, Displacements and strains. Use of statistical methods for analysis of measured data and its interpretation. Analytical procedures
for along wind and across wind forces. Wind effects on buildings, Chimneys, towers and bridges, Pressure coefficients and internal pressures. Case
studies. Codal provisions, Design wind velocities, Wind resistant design- Indian Codes and other International codes of Practice.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Wind Effects on Structures-An Introduction to Wind Engineering, Emil Simiu Rbtert H.Scanian, John Wiley & Sons, 3rd Ed.1996.
2. Wind Effects on Civil Engineering Structures V.Kciousek, M.Pimer, O.Fiscer and J.Naprstek, Elsevier Pub. Amsterdum, 1984.
4. Cook, N.J. The Designer's Guide to Wind Loading of Building Structures Part-1 Background, Damage Survey, Wind Data and Structural
Classification and Part,-2, Static Structures, Butterworths, 1985.
M.Tech Transportation
DETAILED SYLLABUS
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M.Tech. (Civil) First Semester
11. MORTH Specifications for Road and Bridge Works, IRC Publication.
Course Outcomes
Syllabus
Pavement Types: Definition, Highway and Airport Pavement comparison, Wheel Loads, Tyre Pressure, Contact Pressure, Design Factors, Type of distresses: structural
and functional, Serviceability.
Stresses in Flexible Pavements: Layered system concept, multi-layered solutions, Burmister's method, Fundamental Design concepts.
Stresses in Rigid Pavements: Relative stiffness of slabs, Modulus of subgrade reaction, Stresses due to warping, stresses due to friction, effect of warping, contraction
and expansion, Plain versus reinforced pavements, stresses in dowel bar, and tie bar, combined stresses.
Design of Flexible Pavements: Design factors, Design wheel load, Equivalent single wheel load, Difference between Airport and Highway Design concept, Different
design methods, Examples of comprehensive design process.
Design of Rigid Pavement: General design considerations, Design of joints in cement concrete pavements, spacing of expansion joint, Spacing of contraction joints,
Design of dowel bars and tie bars, IRC recommendations for design of Concrete pavements.
Pavement Evaluation and Rehabilitation: Pavement distresses in flexible and rigid pavements, condition and evaluation survey, Present serviceability index, Methods of
measuring condition, skid resistance, Principles of maintenance, Methods of structural evaluation and overlay design.
Books Recommended
ii. Highway Engg by S.K.Khanna & C.E.G. Justo, Nem Chand Bros., Roorkee.
iii. Principles of Pavement Design, by Yoder E.J. and Witczak M.W. 2nd, John Wiley & Sons, INC.
iv. Principles of Transportation and Highway Engineering by G.V.Rao, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. Ltd. N.Delhi.
MX Road.
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IRC software for Decision modelling.
CE-516T Pavement Construction, Maintenance and Management Core 3-0-0 4.5 credits
Course Outcomes
CO1 Student should be able to select appropriate earth moving and compaction equipment
depending upon the requirement.
CO2 Student should be able to prepare quality assurance and quality control plans in an
attempt to construct better performing pavements.
CO3 Student should be able to evaluate the pavements based on the functional and
structural characteristics.
CO4 Student should be able to evaluate the safety aspects of the pavements specifically in
terms of friction and other related distresses.
CO5 Student should be able to select maintenance technique depending upon the intensity
of the distresses.
Syllabus
Introduction: History of road construction, stages of construction, seasonal limitations of pavement construction.
Stabilization of soil: Mechanical stabilization, cementing additives and chemicals, thermal stabilization.
Construction of non-bituminous pavements: Brief introduction to earthwork machinery: shovel, hoe, clamshell, dragline, bulldozers, cleaning and grubbing, excavation
for mad and drain, principles of field compaction of embankment / subgrade. Compacting equipment. Granular roads. Construction steps of GSB, WBM 'and WMM.
Construction of bituminous pavements: Various types of bituminous constructions. Prime coat, tack coat, seal coat and surface dressing. Construction of BUSG, premix
carpet, BM, DBM and AC. Brief coverage of machinery for construction of bituminous roads: bitumen boiler, sprayer, pressure distributer, hot-mix plant, cold-mix plant,
tipper trucks, mechanical paver or finisher, rollers. Mastic asphalt. Introduction to various IRC and MORTH specifications.
Construction of cement concrete roads: Construction of cement concrete pavements, machinery involved in construction, slip-form pavers, joints in cc pavements, IRC
and MORTH specifications.
Construction of other types of pavements: Basic concepts of the following: soil stabilized roads, use of geo-synthetics, reinforced cement concrete pavements, pre-
stress concrete pavements, roller compacted concrete pavements and fibre reinforced concrete pavements.
Highway maintenance: Pavement distresses. Maintenance operations. Maintenance of WBM, bituminous surfaces and cement concrete pavements.
Related topics: Emulsified bituminous mix, precoating of aggregates, recycling of bituminous pavements, shoulder construction.
Books Recommended
ii. Highway Engg by S.K.Khanna & C.E.G. Justo, Nem Chand Bros., Roorkee.
iii. Principles and Practice of Highway Engg. by L.R.Kadiyali, Khanna Publishers, Delhi.
iv. Principles of Transportation and Highway Engineering by G.V.Rao, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co. Ltd. N.Delhi.
Pre-requisite:- None.
Course Outcomes
CO1 Apply the Concept for determine the different Trip Generation Models and various model
in Urban Transport Planning.
CO2 Apply the concept of Mean, Mode and variance for determining the speed, flow and
density.
CO3 Identify model computed are good or not applicable for existing Urban planning
condition.
Syllabus
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Traffic Characteristics: Importance of traffic characteristics. Road user characteristics. Vehicular characteristics. Max dimensions and weights of vehicles allowed in India.
Effects of traffic characteristics on various design elements of the road.
Traffic Studies: Traffic volume study, speed study and origin and destination study. Speed and delay study. Use of photographic techniques in traffic surveys.
Traffic Accidents: Accident surveys. Causes of road accidents and preventive measures. Capacity and Level of Service: Fundamental diagram of traffic flow.
Relationship between speed, volume and density. Level of service. PCU. Design service volume. Capacity of non-urban roads. 1RC recommendations. Brief review of
capacity of urban roads.
Traffic Regulation and control Devices: Traffic control devices: signs, signals, markings and islands. Types of signs, Types of signals. Design of signals. Intersections at
grade and grade separated intersections. Design of a rotary. Types of grade separated intersections.
Design of Parking Lighting and Terminal Facilities: Parking surveys. On street parking, off street parking.
Traffic Regulation: Need and scope of traffic regulations. Regulation of speed, vehicles and drivers. General traffic regulations. Motor vehicle act. Scope of traffic
management.
Books Recommended
ii. Highway Engg by S.K.Khanna & C.E.G. Justo, Nem Chand Bros., Roorkee.
iii. Traffic Engg and Transport Planning by L.R.Kadiyali, Khanna Publishers, Delhi.
iv. Principles of Transportation and Highway Engineering by G.V.Rao, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. Ltd. N.Delhi.
v. Traffic Engg. by Matson, T.M., Smith, W.S. and Hurd, F.W, McGraw- Hill Book Co., New York.
vi. Traffic Flow Theory. By Drew, D.R., McGraw- Hill Book Co., New York.
vii. Basic Statistics - Simpson and Kafks; Oxford and IBH Calcutta, 1969.
Pre-requisite:- None.
Course Outcomes
CO1 Understand the factor influencing road vehicle performance characteristics and design.
CO2 Apply basic science principles in estimating stopping and passing sight distance
requirements.
Syllabus
Highway Alignment: Requirements, factors controlling alignment, Obligatory points, Engineering surveys for Highway location, Route selection, steps in new project,
Highway Classifications.
Cross Sectional Element: Pavement Surface Characteristics, Factors affecting skid resistance, Pavement Unevenness, Camber, Providing camber in the field, Width of
carriageway, Design Vehicle, Medians, Kerbs, Road Margins, Right of Way, Typical Cross Sections of Roads.
Sight Distances: Introduction, Stopping Sight Distance, Reaction Time, Analysis of Stopping distance, Overtaking Sight distance, Analysis of Overtaking Sight distance,
Effect of grade on sight distances, Overtaking zone, Intermediate sight distance, Sight distance at intersections.
Super elevation: Requirement of super elevation, Limits and attainment of super elevation in the field.
Horizontal Alignment: General, Design speed, Horizontal curves, super elevation, Analysis of super elevation, Super elevation design, Attainment of super elevation,
Widening of pavement on horizontal curves, Methods of introducing extra widening, Horizontal Transition curves, Different types of Transition curves, length of transition
curve, Setting out of transition curve, Set-back distance on horizontal curves, Curve Resistance.
Vertical Alignment: General, Gradients, Compensation in gradient on horizontal curves, Vertical curves, Summit curve, Length of summit curve, Valley Curve, Length of
valley curve.
Books Recommended
ii. Highway Engg by S.K.Khanna & C.E.G. Justo, Nem Chand Bros., Roorkee.
iii. Principles and Practice of Highway Engg. by L.R.Kadiyali, Khanna Publishers, Delhi.
iv. Principles of Transportation and Highway Engineering by G.V.Rao, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co. Ltd. N.Delhi.
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v. Principles of Highway Engineering and Traffic Analysis, by Mannering, F., W. Kilareski, and S. Washburn 3rd Edition, John Wiley and Sons,
2005.
Pre-requisite:- None.
Course Outcomes
CO1 The students would have gained knowledge on the Material properties.
CO2 Students would be able to Design, Evaluation and Management of Pavement Systems.
Syllabus
Sub grade: Significance of subgrade soil, Characteristics of soil, Desirable properties, Index Properties of Soil, Soil Classification based on Grain size, Soil Classification
System, Evaluation of soil Strength.
Aggregates: Introduction, Desirable properties of Road Aggregates, Tests for Road Aggregates.
Bituminous Materials: Introduction, Types of Bituminous materials, Tests on Bitumen, Cutback and Emulsions.
Paving Mixes: Granular mix design, Design of Bituminous Mix, Marshal Method of bituminous mix design.
Polymer and Rubber Modified binders: Physical and chemical properties. Fly ash and its characterization. Performance based mix design Approaches. Visco elastic
properties of bitumen and bituminous mixture.
Books Recommended
ii. Highway Engg by S.K.Khanna & C.E.G. Justo, Nem Chand Bros., Roorkee.
iii. Principles and Practice of Highway Engg. by L.R.Kadiyali, Khanna Publishers, Delhi.
iv. Principles of Transportation and Highway Engineering by G.V.Rao, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. Ltd. N.Delhi.
Pre-requisite:- Surveying.
Course Outcomes
CO1 The students would have knowledge on the basics of Remote Sensing and GIS
techniques and their application in the Transport sectors.
CO2 The students should be able to read and analyse map projection and Coordinate
system.
CO3 Students would be able to perform urban transportation planning based on GIS
application.
Syllabus
Data Modelling& Data Base Design: Vector Data Model, Spatial Data Model, and Data modelling in GIS-T.
Shortest Path & Routing: Fundamental Network properties, Shortest Path analysis.
Network flows & facility Location: Flow through Network, Closed Facility.
GIS Based Spatial Analysis and Modelling: GIS and Spatial analysis, function, Customizing GIS, Geographic Visualization.
Books Recommended
i. Miller, H.J. and Shaw S.L. "GIS for TransportationPrinciples and Applications" Oxford University Press.
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ii. Chang K.T. "Introduction to GIS" TMH, New Delhi.
iii. Anji Reddy, "Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation", John Wiley and Sons Inc. New York, 1987.
v. Burrough P.A, "Principles of GIS for Land Resources Assessment", Oxford Publication, 1994.
vi. Jeffrey Star and John Ester, Geographical Information System An Introduction, Prentice Hall Inc., Englewood Cliffe, 1990.
vii. Marble, D.F, Calkins, H.W and Penquest, Basic Readings in GIS, Speed System Ltd., New York, 1984.
Course Outcomes
CO1 Determine the properties of concrete ingredients i.e. cement, sand, coarse aggregate
by conducting different tests.
CO2 Recognize the effects of the rheology and early age properties of concrete on its long-
term behaviour.
CO4 Use various chemical admixtures and mineral additives to design cement based
materials with tailor-made properties.
CO6 Understand the mix design and engineering properties of special concretes such as
high-performance concrete, self-consolidating concrete, fibre reinforced concrete,
sprayed concrete, etc.
Syllabus
Concrete Ingredients: Types of Cement, Aggregates, Classification of Aggregate, Properties of Aggregate, Quality of Mixing Water, Admixtures.
Properties of Concrete:Introduction, Workability, Stress Strain Characterizes of Concrete, Young's Modulus of concrete, Creep and shrinkage of Concrete, Permeability,
Durability of Concrete, Joints.
Production of Concrete: Hatching, mixing, Transportation, compaction, vibration, curing, formwork removing, ready mixed concrete.
Non-Destructive Testing of Concrete: Significance, Rebound Hammer, Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Technique, Penetration Technique, Pullout test, Cover meter, Core
tests.
Deterioration: Causes, Deterioration by Water, surface weir, Frost action, chemical Reaction, corrosion of reinforcement etc. Preventive Measures.
Advances in Concrete: Introduction to Light Weight concrete, high strength Concrete, Prestressed concrete. Fibre reinforced concrete, Polymer concrete composites, Fly
ash concrete.
Books Recommended
Pre-requisite:- None.
Course Outcomes
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CO2 Construction equipment, equipment economics.
Syllabus
Time Estimates: Earliest Expected Time, Latest allowable occurrence time, slack time, earliest start time, earliest finish time, Latest start time, and latest finish time.
Network Scheduling: Critical Path Method (CPM), Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT), Precedence diagram technique (PDM).
Resource allocation: Introduction, resource smoothing, resource levelling, Line of Balancing technique (LOB). Resource Based Network.
Linear Programming and critical path scheduling: Introduction, standard form, formulation by linear programming, transportation model, method of solution, fictitious
cost method, linear programming and critical path.
Books Recommended
iii. Highway Engg by S.K.Khanna & C.E.G. Justo, Nem Chand Bros., Roorkee.
iv. Principles and Practice of Highway Engg. by L.R.Kadiyali, Khanna Publishers, Delhi.
Course Outcomes
CO1 Student should be able to minimize the impact on any area, waterways from changes
to natural flow regimes, including flood frequency, runoff volume, runoff frequency and
flow velocity resulting from urban development.
CO2 Student should be able to protect an area waterways from pollution including nutrients,
toxicants, sediment, litter and changes to water chemistry.
CO3 Student should be able to encourage integration of drainage systems into the urban
landscape to maximize the visual and recreational amenity of developments.
CO4 Student should be able to ensure that flood waters don't present an unacceptable risk
to the community.
Syllabus
Introduction:Importance of drainage, Types of Road Drainage, General Criterion for Road Drainage.
Systems of Drainage: Surface and sub-surface drainage systems, Internal drainage of pavement structure, components of surface drainage system, surface drains, road
side drains, catch water drains, geometric design of road, hydraulic design of drains, shoulder drainage, drainage layer, subsurface drainage with transverse drains,
horizontal drains, sub surface drain in heavy clayey soil, sub surface drain at valley curve / change of grade, capillary cut-off.
Design of surface drainage and subsurface drainage system: Hydrologic analysis, hydraulic analysis, data for drainage design, design steps, Cross Drainage, Sub
surface drainage, lowering of water table, control of seepage flow, control of capillary rise, design of filter material, drainage of slopes and erosion control, road construction
in water logged areas. Drainage in hill roads. Drainage systems for Airports and Railways.
Books Recommended
i. Highway Engg by S.K.Khanna & C.E.G. Justo, Nem Chand Bros., Roorkee.
ii. Principles and Practice of Highway Engg. by L.R.Kadiyali, Khanna Publishers, Delhi.
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CE-577T Land Use and Transport Planning Elective 3-0-0 4.5 credits
Pre-requisite:- None.
Course Outcomes
CO1 Design and conduct surveys to provide the data required for transportation planning.
CO2 Learn and understand zonal demand generation and attraction regression models.
CO3 Learn and understand demand distribution models (gravity models) and modal split
models for mode choice analysis.
CO4 Develop and calibrate trip generation rates for specific types of land use developments.
CO5 Make final decisions among planning alternatives that best integrate multiple objectives
such as technical feasibility and cost minimization.
Syllabus
Land use and transport planning, Selection of land use transport models, Lowry Derivative models, Garin-Lowry model, Matrix operations for simplifying computations,
applications in India, Transport planning for small and medium sized cities, quick response techniques. Traffic simulation.
Books Recommended
ii. Highway Engg by S.K.Khanna & C.E.G. Justo, Nem Chant! Bros., Roorkee.
iii. Introduction to Transport Planning by Bruton, M.J., Hutchinson Technical Education, London.
iv. Principles of Transportation Engineering by Chakroborty & Das, Prentice Hall, India.
Pre-requisite:- Geology.
Course Outcomes
CO1 Students are able to assess the quality of foundation rocks, their aggregates and
building material derived from rocks and assess the geological suitability of sites.
CO2 Students are able to assess weathering, development of soil and various
hydrogeological properties of rocks.
CO3 Students are able to assess Plate tectonics, Hill slope stability and Landslides etc.
CO4 Students are able to assess the surface and subsurface investigations for various civil
engineering projects.
Syllabus
Introduction, object and scope, Importance of Geology in Transportation Engg Projects, external and internal geological forces causing changes, weathering and erosion of
surface of earth, soil profile and its importance. Rocks of earth surface, texture, structure and origin of rocks, their engineering uses.
Forms of structures of rocks, bedding plane and outcrops, dip and strike, folds, faults, joints and unconformity and recognition on outcrops, importance of geological
structures in transportation engineering projects.
Hydrogeology, water table, ground water considerations in transportation projects, geological investigations, remote sensing techniques for geological and hydrological
investigations. Uses of geological maps, interpretation of data.
Geological conditions and their influence on the selection, location, type and design of tunnels, highways, bridges. Landslides, hill slope stability.
Books Recommended
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CE-580T Transportation and Traffic Infrastructure Design Elective 3-0-0 4.5 credits
Course Outcomes
CO1 Have the basic knowledge of the design principles of transport infrastructure including
roads, railways and airport runways as well as the skills to plan and design transport
elements such as road, railway and airport layout and structures.
CO3 Able to understand the current transport infrastructure development issues and
contribute to discussion on these contemporary issues.
Syllabus
Design and drawing of grade intersections, rotaries, mini round about, interchanges, multi-level intersection, on-street parking facilities, off-street parking facilities, layout
for buses and trucks, guard rails, retaining sides, pedestrian sideways, foot bridges, underpasses.
Books Recommended
ii. Highway Engg by S.K.Khanna & C.E.G. Justo, Nem Chand Bros., Roorkee.
iii. Principles of Transportation Engineering by Chakroborty & Das, Prentice Hall, India.
Pre-requisite:- None.
Course Outcomes
CO2 Should have learnt selected issues and contemporary problems in transport from a
welfare economics approach.
CO3 Should be able to hone ones economic intuition and reasoning by having given an in-
class group presentation on a transportation issue.
Syllabus
Economic Evaluation of Transport Plans: Need for economic evaluation, Cost and benefits of Transport Projects, Time horizon in Economic Assessment, Basic
Principles of Economic evaluation, Interest rate, Method of economic evaluation, Benefit cost ratio method, First year rate of return, Net Present value method, Internal rate
of return method, Comparison of various methods of economic evaluation.
Vehicle Operating Costs: Introduction, Road user cost study in India, Components of VOC, Factors affecting VOC, Fuel consumption Relationship, Spare parts
consumption, Maintenance and Repairs, labour cost, Tyre life, Lubricants, Utilization and fixed costs.
Value of travel time savings: Introduction, Classes of transport users enjoying travel time savings, Methodology for monetary evaluation of passengers' travel time,
Review of work in India on passengers' travel time.
Accidents Costs: Introduction, Relevance of accident costing for a developing country, Review of alternative methodologies for accident costing, Indian studies.
Traffic Congestion, Traffic Restraints and Road Pricing: Congestion as a factor in road traffic, Traffic Restraint, Road Pricing.
Highway Finance: Basic principles, Distribution of highway cost, Sources of Revenue, Highway Financing in India.
BooksRecommended
ii. Highway Engg by S.K.Khanna & C.E.G. Justo, Nem Chand Bros., Roorkee.
iii. Principles and Practice of Highway Engg. by L.R.Kadiyali, Khanna Publishers, Delhi.
iv. Principles of Transportation and Highway Engineering by G.V.Rao, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. Ltd. N.Delhi.
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Pre-requisite:- Traffic Engineering.
Course Outcomes
CO2 Student should be able to design and implement various LRT and BRT types in various
scenario.
CO3 Student should be able to design accessible transport for people regardless of
demographics such as income or age.
CO4 Student should be able to prepare estimate of transit demand and route development,
properties of a good route set.
Syllabus
Transit system operations, para-transit systems, street transit systems, rapid transit systems, Estimation of transit demand, route development, properties of a good route
set, determination of a good route set, stop location and stopping policy, schedule development, properties of a good schedule, determination of a good schedule.
Capacity of rapid transit systems, line capacity of RTS, capacity of street transit systems.
Transit corridor, identification and planning, mass transport management measures, integration of public transportation modes. Public transport infrastructure, case studies,
multi-mode transportation system.
Intermediate Public Transport in Indian Cities, types of IPT vehicles, Characteristics of IPT modes.
BooksRecommended
ii. Introduction to Transport Planning by Bruton, M.J., Hutchinson Technical Education, London.
iii. Principles of Transportation Engineering by Chakroborty & Das, Prentice Hall, India.
Pre-requisite:- None.
Course Outcomes
CO1 Student should be able to analyse trends in Roads and Highways Development.
CO3 Student should be able to Investigate accidents and Identify Potential Sites for
Treatment.
Syllabus
Trends in Roads and Highways Development, Problem of Road Accidents In India, Characteristics of Road Accidents, Causes of Accidents, Global and Indian Road Safety
Scenario, Factors Responsible for Success Stories in Road Safety, Role of Highway Professionals in Highway Safety.
Planning of Roads for Safety, Land Use Planning and Zoning, Development Control and Encroachment, Network Hierarchy, Route Planning Through Communities, Access
Control, Traffic Segregation, Traffic CalmingDesigning for Safety: Road Link Design, Alignment Design, Cross-Sectional Elements, Traffic Control Devices, Roadside
Safety, Roadside Facilities, Some Critical Elements, Junction Design Basic Principles, Selection of Junction Type, Factors Affecting Safety at Various Junction Types,
Elements to Improve Road Safety, Provisions for Vulnerable Road Users.
Road Safety Audit, Concepts of Road Safety Audit, Road Safety Auditors & Key Personnel in RSA, Organizing and Conducting a Road Safety Audit, Example and
Commonly Identified, Issues During RSA, Road Safety Audit Report, Development of Cost-effective of Road Safety AuditAccident Investigation and Prevention, Basic
Strategies for Accident Reduction, Significance of Accident Data, Accident Investigation and Identification of Potential Sites for Treatment, Problem Diagnosis, Selection of
Countermeasures, Example of Selection of Countermeasures, Detailed Design and Implementation of Countermeasures, Monitoring and Evaluation Non-Engineering
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Measures for Road Safety, Behavioural Countermeasures, Education, Training and Publicity, The Goal of Police Traffic Control Activities, Strategy for Road Safety
Management by Police, Role of NGOs in Road Safety, Legal Framework for Road Safety Transport related pollution, noise pollution, air pollution, effects of weather
conditions, vehicular emission parameters, pollution standards, ETA requirements of highway projects, world bank guidelines, EIA practices in India.
Fuel crisis and transportation, factors affecting fuel consumption, fuel economy in various modes of transportation, various types of alternative fuels.
Books Recommended
ii. Highway Engg by S.K.Khanna & C.E.G. Justo, Nem Chand Bros., Roorkee.
iii. Trainers Road Safety Manual, NHA and Ministry of Shipping, Road Transport and Highways, Govt. of India.
Course Outcomes
Syllabus
Transport Planning Process: Status of transportation in India. Objectives and scope of transport planning.Urban, regional and national transport planning. Transport
planning process, various stages. Land use and traffic.
Transportation Survey: Definition of study area. Zoning. Types of surveys. 0-D surveys. Inventories of existing transport facilities, land use and economic activities.
Trip Generation: Trip purpose. Factors affecting trip generation. Trip generation estimation by multiple linear regression analysis, brief review of category analysis,
advantages and limitations of these methods.
Trip Distribution: Methods of trip distribution. Basic concepts of uniform factor method, average factor method and opportunity model. Trip distribution by gravity model.
Traffic Assignment: Principles of assignment. Assignment techniques. All or nothing assignment. Brief review of multipath assignment, capacity restraint assignment and
diversion curves.
Modal Split: General considerations for modal split. Factors affecting modal split. Brief introduction to various methods of modal split.
Evaluation: Need for evaluation. Several plans to be formulated. Testing. Considerations in evaluation. Economic evaluation, basic principles, brief introduction to various
methods of economic evaluation, comparison.
Mass Rapid Transit Systems: Problems of Urban Transport. Introduction to MRTS. Requirements of MRTS. Types of MRTS. MRTS in India.
BooksRecommended
ii. Highway Engg by S.K.Khanna & C.E.G. Justo, Nem Chand Bros., Roorkee.
iii. (iii) Introduction to Transport Planning by Bruton, M.J., Hutchinson Technical Education, London.
iv. Principles of Transportation Engineering by Chakroborty & Das, Prentice Hall, India.
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CE-514T Pavement Analysis and Design Core 3-0-0 4.5 credits
Course Objectives
COE1 Understand the basic modelling concepts used to analyses flexible and rigid pavements.
COE3 Apply the various types of highway appurtenance to enhance the safety of motorists.
COE4 Learn to estimate traffic noise and the effect of noise attenuation measures.
CE-516T Pavement Construction, Maintenance and Management Core 3-0-0 4.5 credits
Course Objectives
COE1 Select appropriate earth moving and compaction equipment depending upon the
requirement.
COE2 Prepare quality assurance and quality control plans in an attempt to construct better
performing pavements.
COE3 Evaluate the pavements based on the functional and structural characteristics.
COE4 Evaluate the safety aspects of the pavements specifically in terms of friction and other
related distresses.
COE5 Select maintenance technique depending upon the intensity of the distresses.
Pre-requisite:- None.
Course Objectives
COE1 Provides knowledge on Statistical and Analytical Techniques and its application in traffic
and transportation engineering.
COE2 Student will be able to learn Sampling Techniques and Statistical distributions.
COE3 Student will be able to learn and understand law of probability and conditional
probability.
Pre-requisite:- None.
Course Objectives
COE3 Design and analyze the highway system and signal system with the available methods.
COE4 Maintain the roads geometric design and apply remedial measures.
COE5 Execute the minor and major projects related to highway infrastructure.
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CE-523T Pavement Materials Core 3-0-0 4.5 credits
Course Objectives
COE2 The students would be able to use of various materials and construction.
COE3 The students will be able to analyse of stress distribution, evaluation and maintenance
of flexible and rigid pavements.
Pre-requisite:- Surveying.
Course Objectives
COE1 Introduce the students, the recent techniques of Remote Sensing and GIS and Its
application in Traffic and Transportation Engineering.
Course Objectives
COE1 Use different types of cement as per their properties for different field applications.
COE2 Design economic concrete mix proportion for different exposure conditions and intended
purposes.
COE4 Carry out field and laboratory tests on concrete in plastic and hardened stage.
Pre-requisite:- None.
Course Objectives
Course Objectives
COE1 To minimize the impact on any area, waterways from changes to natural flow regimes,
including flood frequency, runoff volume, runoff frequency and flow velocity resulting from
urban development.
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COE2 To protect an area waterways from pollution including nutrients, toxicants, sediment, litter
and changes to water chemistry.
COE3 To encourage integration of drainage systems into the urban landscape to maximize the
visual and recreational amenity of developments.
COE4 To ensure that flood waters don't present an unacceptable risk to the community.
CE-577T Land Use and Transport Planning Elective 3-0-0 4.5 credits
Pre-requisite:- None.
Course Objectives
COE1 Student will understand and apply basic concepts and methods of urban transportation
planning in the India.
COE2 Student will learn methods of designing, conducting and administering surveys to provide
the data required for transportation planning.
COE3 Students will understand and be able to apply travel demand modelling, Mode Choice
Modelling and Traffic Assignment Modelling.
Pre-requisite:- Geology.
Course Objectives
COE1 To impart knowledge and skills in assessing the quality of foundation rocks, their
aggregates and building material derived from rocks and assess the geological suitability
of sites.
COE3 To impart knowledge of Plate tectonics, Hill slope stability and Landslides etc.
COE4 To impart knowledge of surface and subsurface investigations for various civil engineering
projects.
CE-580T Transportation and Traffic Infrastructure Design Elective 3-0-0 4.5 credits
Course Objectives
COE1 To enable students to acquire basic knowledge of design principles for transport
infrastructure development.
COE2 To enable students to design major transport infrastructures including road drainage, road
pavement, road junction, railways and airport runway.
Pre-requisite:- None.
Course Objectives
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8/14/2017 National Institute Of Technology,Kurukshetra
COE1 To learn the underpinnings of transportation economics using microeconomic principles
and tools.
COE2 To study selected issues and contemporary problems in transport from a welfare
economics approach.
Course Objectives
COE1 Reduce traffic growth and congestion by achieving a mode shift from private motorized
vehicle trips to a more efficient and sustainable mode of transport.
COE2 Create an efficient multimodal public transport network that will facilitate the
interconnection and interoperability of associated transport networks.
Pre-requisite:- None.
Course Objectives
Course Objectives
COE1 To impart knowledge in the rudiments and advancements in Transportation planning and
Travel Demand Forecasting.
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8/14/2017 National Institute Of Technology,Kurukshetra
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