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    Greek Smyth1920

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    danaethom
    This document provides an introduction to Greek grammar for colleges. It discusses the history and development of the Greek language, including the Koine Greek dialect that was widely used after Alexander the Great's conquests. It was the common language of the eastern Mediterranean from the 3rd century BC to the 6th century AD. The document also briefly mentions Modern Greek and its origins from the Koine Greek dialect.

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    Greek Smyth1920

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    danaethom
    88 views799 pages
    This document provides an introduction to Greek grammar for colleges. It discusses the history and development of the Greek language, including the Koine Greek dialect that was widely used after Alexander the Great's conquests. It was the common language of the eastern Mediterranean from the 3rd century BC to the 6th century AD. The document also briefly mentions Modern Greek and its origins from the Koine Greek dialect.

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    Greek Grammar

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    This document provides an introduction to Greek grammar for colleges. It discusses the history and development of the Greek language, including the Koine Greek dialect that was widely used after Alexander the Great's conquests. It was the common language of the eastern Mediterranean from the 3rd century BC to the 6th century AD. The document also briefly mentions Modern Greek and its origins from the Koine Greek dialect.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    88 views799 pages

    Greek Smyth1920

    Uploaded by

    danaethom
    This document provides an introduction to Greek grammar for colleges. It discusses the history and development of the Greek language, including the Koine Greek dialect that was widely used after Alexander the Great's conquests. It was the common language of the eastern Mediterranean from the 3rd century BC to the 6th century AD. The document also briefly mentions Modern Greek and its origins from the Koine Greek dialect.

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    of 799

    GREEK GRAMMAR

    FOR COLLEGES

    HERBERT WEIR SMYTH

    This language learning book was brought to digital life


    by:

    Textkit Greek and Latin Learning tools

    Find more at http://www.textkit.com


    4 INTRODUCTION

    Alexandria in Egypt as a centre of learning until the Roman con-


    quest of the East; and lasted to the end of the ancient world (sixth
    century A.n.). It was the language used by persons speaking Greek
    from Gaul to Syria, and was marked by numerous varietiesc In its .
    spoken form the Koine consisted of the spoken form of Attic inter-
    mingled with a considerable number of Ionic words and some loans
    from other dialects, but with Attic orthography. The literary form,
    a compromise between Attic literary usage and the spoken language,
    was an artificial and almost stationary idiom from which the living
    speech dlew farther and farther apart:
    In the Koine are composed the writings of the historians Polybius (about
    205-about 120 B.~. ), Diodorus (under Augustus), Plutarch (about 46-about
    120 A.D.), Arrian (about 95-175 A.n.), Cassius Dio (about 150-about 235 A.n. ),
    the rhetoricians Dionysius of Halicarnassus (under Augustus), Lucian (about
    120-about 180 A.D. ), and the geographer Strabo (about 64 n.o.-19 A.n.). Jose-
    phus, the Jewish historian (37 A.n.-about 100), also used the Koine.
    N. 1.-The name .Atticist is given to those reactionary writers in the Koine
    dialect (e.g. Lucian) who aimed at reproducing the purity of the earlier Attic.
    The Atticists flourished chiefly in the second century A.D.
    N. 2. - Some writers distinguish, as a form of the Koine, the Hellenistic, a
    name restricted by them to the language of the New Testament and of the
    Septuagint (the partly literal, partly tolerably free, Greek translation of the Old
    Testament made by Grecized Jews at Alexandria and begun under Ptolemy
    Philadelphus 285-247 n.c. ). The word Ifellenistic is derived from 'El\l\17vtuT1)s
    (from el\l\17vltw speak Greek), a term applied to persons not of Greek birth
    (especially Jews), who had learned Greek. The New Testament is composed in
    the popular language of the time, which in that work is more or less influenced
    by classical models. No aocuril-te distinction can be drawn between the Koine
    and Hellenistic.
    G. Modern Greek appears in literature certainly as early as the
    eleventh century, when the literary language, which was still em-
    ployed by scholars and churchmen, was no longer understood by the
    common people. During the middle ages and until about the time of
    the Greek Revolution (1821-1831 ), the language. was called Romaic
    ('PwJl-ai:K'lj), from the fact that the people claimed the name of
    Romans ('Pw.al:ot), since the capital of the Roman Empire had been
    transferred to Constantinople. The natural language of the modern
    GTeeks is the outcome of a continua.1 development of the Koine in its
    spoken form. At the present day the dialect of a Greek peasant is
    still organically the same as that of the age of Demosthenes; while
    the written language, and w a less extent the spoken language at
    cultivated Athenians and of those who have been influenced by the
    University at Athens, have been largely assimilated to the ancient
    idiom. Modern Greek, while retaining in general the orthography
    of the classical period, is very different in respect of pronundation.

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