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    Enhancement of Medical Image Fusion Using Joint Sparse Method

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    lambanaveen
    The document proposes a method to enhance medical image fusion using joint sparse representation. It uses orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) for sparse coding, principal component analysis (PCA) for fusion, and discrete wavelet transform (DWT). Images are decomposed into common and innovative components. OMP extracts sparse coefficients which are fused using PCA. DWT is applied and the results are fused using weighted averaging. The method improves on previous PCA and OMP fusion in terms of quality metrics like PSNR and correlation. Experimental results on MRI and CT images demonstrate better performance of the proposed joint sparse and DWT fusion method.

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    Enhancement of Medical Image Fusion Using Joint Sparse Method

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    lambanaveen
    50 views6 pages
    The document proposes a method to enhance medical image fusion using joint sparse representation. It uses orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) for sparse coding, principal component analysis (PCA) for fusion, and discrete wavelet transform (DWT). Images are decomposed into common and innovative components. OMP extracts sparse coefficients which are fused using PCA. DWT is applied and the results are fused using weighted averaging. The method improves on previous PCA and OMP fusion in terms of quality metrics like PSNR and correlation. Experimental results on MRI and CT images demonstrate better performance of the proposed joint sparse and DWT fusion method.

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    The document proposes a method to enhance medical image fusion using joint sparse representation. It uses orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) for sparse coding, principal component analysis (PCA) for fusion, and discrete wavelet transform (DWT). Images are decomposed into common and innovative components. OMP extracts sparse coefficients which are fused using PCA. DWT is applied and the results are fused using weighted averaging. The method improves on previous PCA and OMP fusion in terms of quality metrics like PSNR and correlation. Experimental results on MRI and CT images demonstrate better performance of the proposed joint sparse and DWT fusion method.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    50 views6 pages

    Enhancement of Medical Image Fusion Using Joint Sparse Method

    Uploaded by

    lambanaveen
    The document proposes a method to enhance medical image fusion using joint sparse representation. It uses orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) for sparse coding, principal component analysis (PCA) for fusion, and discrete wavelet transform (DWT). Images are decomposed into common and innovative components. OMP extracts sparse coefficients which are fused using PCA. DWT is applied and the results are fused using weighted averaging. The method improves on previous PCA and OMP fusion in terms of quality metrics like PSNR and correlation. Experimental results on MRI and CT images demonstrate better performance of the proposed joint sparse and DWT fusion method.

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    of 6

    ENHANCEMENT OF MEDICAL IMAGE FUSION USING JOINT

    SPARSE METHOD
    MADHUPRIYA B
    M.Tech, Dept of ECE, Don BoscoInstitue of Technology, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

    S.K.FAIROOZ
    Associate Professor, Dept of ECE, Don Bosco Institute of Technology, Bangalore, Karnataka,
    India

    ABSTRACT: In this paper, the hybrid of Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP), Principal
    Component Analysis (PCA) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) are used, for joint sparse
    image fusion method. First we extract common and innovative images from the source images and
    the next step is using sparse PCA method for fusion of innovative features. The result of sparse
    PCA method is fused with the common features by weighted average fusion method. This helps in
    preserving the edge information and high spatial resolution. DWT is applied separately to the
    images and inverse DWT of this image is given to the weighted average fusion method. The result
    obtained is of better performance in terms of PSNR and MSE.

    KEYWORDS: Image fusion, OMP, PCA, DWT, Joint sparse.

    INTRODUCTION

    Image fusion is done, for the multiple images obtained by using different sensors for the same
    scenes. The resultant fused image is more informative, than the single captured image. Medical
    images have come far way in the field of image fusion. Various medical images such as, Magnetic
    Resonance Imaging (MRI), Positron Emission Tomography(PET), Computerized Tomography
    (CT) give different perspective of the same scene, and thus makes the diagnostic process
    easier.MRI gives the view of soft tissue and CT gives image of bone structure. This gives scope to
    image fusion for the precise diagnosis. The criteriasrequired for fusion of images are : 1) fused
    image should preserve all the required information for further processing 2) Artifacts should not be
    introduced 3) noise and unnecessary information should be suppressed.

    Sparse representation is possible by using different Greedy approaches such as : Matching Pursuit
    (MP), Orthogonal Matching Pursuit(OMP) and Stage wise OMP (St OMP). These techniques
    represent signals with fewest number of non-zero coefficients.PCA method is powerful approach
    in terms of visual inspection and quantitative evaluation metrics. By fusing images of both sparse
    and PCA, we overcome the disadvantages of both the methods, that is with the dense non zero
    entriesthe uninformative features are represented by PCA method and the sparse method lacks
    high spatial resolution.. Advantages of the PCA is, it enhances the spatial quality and the sparse
    method advantage is it preserves the important information. Our proposed method overcomes the
    disadvantage of sparse fusion and PCA respectively.
    METHODS

    Orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) constructs approximations by iteration process. At each


    iteration the solution is calculated until it satisfies the conditions.

    Pseudo Algorithm of OMP


    Given: Dictionary D, signal S, and error threshold
    1) Initialize residual , index set I0={} and mainiteration is k = k+1 (initial k=0).
    2) Using the ideal solution = , Calculatethe error ( ) = min for all i.
    3) Update stage: Augmenting the index set = 1{ 0} (find i0of e( ): 1 and e( 0)
    e( ).
    4) Update the solution sk( 0)+= and residual.
    5) If stopping criterion is met, = ; else, apply anotheriteration.

    The sparse codingalgorithms are constructed based on the premise thatDictionary D of size nk is
    already known. For effectiveresults, we use phase included DCT (Discrete CosineTransform)
    dictionaryfor our experiment. The signal is sparse represented , as given
    dictionary .

    The Discrete Wavelet transform(DWT) converts the image into frequency domain from spatial
    domain. The image is divided into four separate parts, these are HH, HL, LH, and LL. These four
    parts represent the frequency areas in the image. This is the first level of decomposition of the
    image. The low frequency domain LL is sensitive to the human eyes and the other domains have
    more details.

    LL1 HL1
    DWT
    Original
    image LH1 HH1

    1 level DWT
    LL2 HL2 HL1

    LH2 HH2

    LH1 HH1

    2 level DWT
    Fig1: Decomposition of image by DWT

    Inverse Discrete Wavelet Transform (IDWT) is used for reconstructing the image I(x,y), from the
    LL,LH,HL and HH images.

    226
    PROPOSED METHOD

    The proposed system uses PCA transformation, sparse transformation and DWT methods. Firstly,
    the common and innovative features are extracted. Next step is different fusion rules are applied to
    the coefficients.

    The algorithm is as follows:


    1) Multiple images in ensemble have one common component and multiple innovative
    components {Ii}. Innovative component contain the complementary information
    from different images of same scene.
    2) of different images of same image i are decomposed into sparse vectors
    s1,s2,s3,si via OMP method.
    3) Sparse coefficients of innovative components are combined using PCA fusion rules.
    The covariance matrix Cs of innovative image is as follows :
    Cs= cov (Is)= cov([ s1(:),s2(:)])= (1)
    Where, s1,s2: sparse vectors for innovative components
    4) Fused PCA image Ip is obtained. The reconstructed image I1 is obtained by dividing
    each pixel by number of addition operation performed at each pixel.
    5) The weighted average scheme is used to fuse innovative component and common
    component.
    6) DWT is performed on the input images. These images are fused.
    7) Inverse DWT is applied to the fused image and is given to the weighted average
    fusion.

    Fig2: flow of sparse pcadwt joint fusion algorithm

    227
    RESULTS

    We test the performance of the proposed enhanced image fusion using joint sparse method, and
    compare the qualitative and quantitative results. Qualitative measurement is done through the
    visual inspection, which include sharpness and noise suppression.

    Table 1: performance of fusion methods by quality evaluation metrics


    Image Type Fusion PSNR(db) Correlation Mutual Entropy SSIM
    strategy Information
    Multimodal Joint PCA 26.4111 0.9043 0.9634 6.7409 .9977
    (MRI & CT) sparse
    PCA 20.8380 0.8690 0.8096 6.5502 .9919
    OMP fusion 24.8056 0.8985 0.9440 6.7376 .9975
    Joint sparse 33.5582 0.8464 0.8269 5.7045 .3193
    and DWT

    Fig3: CT input image

    Fig 4: MRI input image

    228
    Fig 5: DWT of fused image

    Fig 6: output image

    CONCLUSION

    Medical image fusion plays an important role in clinical diagnosis. In this paper, we have proposed
    enhancement of medical image fusion using joint sparse method using OMP and DWT method.
    The experimental results show that the proposed method perform better than PCA and OMP
    method.

    229
    REFERENCES

    AnuyogamVenkatraman, JavadAlirezaie, Paul Babyn and AlirezaAhmadian(2014),Medical


    Image Fusion Using Joint Sparse Method, Middle East Conference on Biomedical
    Engineering.
    NishaGawari, Dr. Lalitha .Y .S (2014), Comparative Analysis of PCA,DCT and DWT based
    image fusion techniques, International journal of Emerging Research in Management &
    Technology.
    Philip Breen (2009) , Algorithms for Sparse Apporximation, University of Edinburgh.
    M.R. Metwalli ,A.H. Nasr, O.S. Farag Allah and S.El-Rabaie,Image Fusion based on PCA and
    High pass filter, Proceedings of the IEEE/ICCES 2009 international conference.
    H.Yin, S.Li (2011), Multimodal image fusion with joint sparsity model, Opt Eng,50(6).
    Z. Sadeghipour, M. Babaie-Zadeh and C.Jutten, An adaptive thresholding approach for image
    denoising using reduntant representations, IEEE international workshop on Machine learning
    for Signal Processing.
    Zhou Wang, Alan C. Bovik, Hamid R. Sheikh and Eero P. Simoncelli(2004), Image Quality
    Assessment: From Error Visibility to Structural Similarity, IEEE transcations on Image
    Processing.

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