Preparation of a Formatted Conference Paper for an

IEEE NIGERCON Conference

Line 1: Authors Name/s per 1st Affiliation Line 1: Authors Name/s per 2nd Affiliation
Line 2: Authors Name/s per 1st Affiliation Line 2: Authors Name/s per 1st Affiliation
Line 3 (of Affiliation): Dept. name of organization Line 3 (of Affiliation): Dept. name of organization
Line 4: name of organization, acronyms acceptable Line 4: name of organization, acronyms acceptable
Line 5: City, Country Line 5: City, Country
Line 6: e-mail address if desired Line 6: e-mail address if desired

AbstractBasic guidelines for the preparation of a technical B. Maintaining the Integrity of the Specifications
paper for an IEEE Power & Energy Society Conference are
presented. This electronic document is a live template. The The template is used to format your paper and style the
various components of your paper [title, text, headings, etc.] are text. All margins, column widths, line spaces, and text fonts
already defined, as illustrated by the portions given in this are prescribed; please do not alter them. You may note
document. The abstract is limited to 150 words and cannot peculiarities. For example, the heading margin in this template
contain equations, figures, tables, or references. It should measures proportionately more than is customary. This
concisely state what was done, how it was done, principal measurement and others are deliberate, using specifications
results, and their significance. that anticipate your paper as one part of the entire proceedings,
and not as an independent document. Please do not revise any
Index Terms--The author shall provide up to 5 keywords (in of the current designations.
alphabetical order) to help identify the major topics of the
paper. The thesaurus of IEEE indexing keywords is posted at III. CONFERENCE PAPER PREPARATION
http://www.ieee.org/organizations/pubs/ani_prod/keywrd98.txt.
Conference papers are limited to a maximum of five pages.
Please use automatic hyphenation and check your spelling.
I. INTRODUCTION (HEADING 1) Additionally, be sure your sentences are complete and that
This template provides authors with most of the formatting there is continuity within your paragraphs. Check the
specifications needed for preparing electronic versions of PES numbering of your graphics (figures and tables) and make sure
Conference papers. All standard paper components have been that all appropriate references are included.
specified for three reasons: (1) ease of use when formatting
individual papers, (2) automatic compliance to electronic Please take note of the following items when proofreading
requirements that facilitate the concurrent or later production spelling and grammar:
of electronic products, and (3) conformity of style throughout A. Abbreviations and Acronyms
a conferences proceedings. Margins, column widths, line
spacing, and type styles are built-in; examples of the type Define abbreviations and acronyms the first time they are
styles are provided throughout this document and are used in the text, even after they have been defined in the
identified in italic type, within parentheses, following the abstract. Abbreviations such as IEEE, SI, ac, dc, and rms do
example. Some components, such as multi-leveled equations, not have to be defined. Do not use abbreviations in the title or
graphics, and tables are not prescribed, although the various section headings unless they are unavoidable.
table text styles are provided. The formatter will need to create
these components, incorporating the applicable criteria that B. Units
follow. Metric units are preferred for use in IEEE publications
in light of their global readership and the inherent
II. EASE OF USE convenience of these units in many fields. In
particular, the use of the International System of Units
A. Template (Heading 2) (Systeme Internationale d'Unites or SI Units) is
This template has been tailored for output on US letter- advocated. This system includes a subsystem of units
sized paper. based on the meter, kilogram, second, and ampere
(MKSA). U.S. Customary units, or British units, may
be used as secondary units (in parentheses). An

Identify applicable sponsor/s here. (sponsors)

 exception is when U.S. Customary units are used as In American English, commas, semi-/colons, periods,
identifiers in trade, such as 3.5-inch disk drive. question and exclamation marks are located within
quotation marks only when a complete thought or
Avoid combining SI and U.S. Customary units, such name is cited, such as a title or full quotation. When
as current in amperes and magnetic field in oersteds. quotation marks are used, instead of a bold or italic
This often leads to confusion because equations do not typeface, to highlight a word or phrase, punctuation
balance dimensionally. If you must use mixed units, should appear outside of the quotation marks. A
clearly state the units for each quantity that you use in parenthetical phrase or statement at the end of a
an equation. sentence is punctuated outside of the closing
Do not mix complete spellings and abbreviations of parenthesis (like this). (A parenthetical sentence is
units: Wb/m2 or webers per square meter, not punctuated within the parentheses.)
webers/m2. Spell out units when they appear in A graph within a graph is an inset, not an insert.
text: . . . a few henries, not . . . a few H. The word alternatively is preferred to the word
Use a zero before decimal points: 0.25, not .25. alternately (unless you really mean something that
Use cm3, not cc. (bullet list) alternates).

C. Equations Do not use the word essentially to mean

approximately or effectively.
The equations are an exception to the prescribed
specifications of this template. You will need to determine In your paper title, if the words that uses can
whether or not your equation should be typed using either the accurately replace the word using, capitalize the
Times New Roman or the Symbol font (please no other font). u; if not, keep using lower-cased.
To create multileveled equations, it may be necessary to treat
Be aware of the different meanings of the
the equation as a graphic and insert it into the text after your
homophones affect and effect, complement and
paper is styled. Use of the Microsoft Equation Editor or the
compliment, discreet and discrete, principal
MathType commercial add-on for MS Word for math objects
and principle.
in your paper is permissible (Insert | Equation or MathType
Equation). "Float over text" should not be selected. Do not confuse imply and infer.
Number equations consecutively. Equation numbers, The prefix non is not a word; it should be joined to
within parentheses, are to position flush right, as in (1), using the word it modifies, usually without a hyphen.
a right tab stop. To make your equations more compact, you
may use the solidus ( / ), the exp function, or appropriate There is no period after the et in the Latin
exponents. Italicize Roman symbols for quantities and abbreviation et al..
variables, but not Greek symbols. Use a long dash, as shown The abbreviation i.e. means that is, and the
in (1), rather than a hyphen for a minus sign. Punctuate abbreviation e.g. means for example.
equations with commas or periods when they are part of a
sentence, as in IV. USING THE TEMPLATE
This document should be used as a template for preparing
your Conference paper. You may type over sections of the
document, cut and paste into it, and/or use markup styles.
Note that the equation above is centered using a center tab
stop. Be sure that the symbols in your equation have been Duplicate the template file by using the Save As
defined before or immediately following the equation. Use command, and use the naming convention prescribed by your
(1), not Eq. (1) or equation (1), except at the beginning conference for the name of your paper.
of a sentence: Equation (1) is . . . A. Authors and Affiliations
D. Footnotes The template is designed so that author affiliations are not
Number footnotes separately in superscripts. Place the repeated each time for multiple authors of the same affiliation.
actual footnote at the bottom of the column in which it was Please keep your affiliations as succinct as possible (for
cited. Do not put footnotes in the reference list. Use letters for example, do not differentiate among departments of the same
table footnotes. organization). This template was designed for two affiliations.
1) For author/s of only one affiliation (Heading 3): To
E. Some Common Mistakes change the default, adjust the template as follows.
The word data is plural, not singular. a) Selection (Heading 4): Highlight all author and
The subscript for the permeability of vacuum 0, and affiliation lines.
other common scientific constants, is zero with b) Change number of columns: Select the Columns icon
subscript formatting, not a lowercase letter o. from the MS Word Standard toolbar and then select 1
Column from the selection palette.
 c) Deletion: Delete the author and affiliation lines for TABLE I. TABLE TYPE STYLES
the second affiliation.
2) For author/s of more than two affiliations: To change Table Column Heading
Table
Heading Table column
the default, adjust the template as follows. subheading
Subheading Subheading
a) Selection: Highlight all author and affiliation lines. copy More table copy a

b) Change number of columns: Select the Columns a. Example of a Table footnote. (Table footnote)
icon from the MS Word Standard toolbar and then select the
number of columns desired from the selection palette. Figure Labels: Use 8 point Times New Roman for Figure
c) Highlight author and affiliation lines of affiliation 1 labels. Use words rather than symbols or abbreviations when
and copy this selection. writing Figure axis labels to avoid confusing the reader. As an
example, write the quantity Magnetization, or
d) Formatting: Insert one hard return immediately after Magnetization, M, not just M. If including units in the
the last character of the last affiliation line. Then paste down label, present them within parentheses. Do not label axes only
the copy of affiliation 1. Repeat as necessary for each with units. In the example, write Magnetization (A/m) or
additional affiliation. Magnetization {A[m(1)]}, not just A/m. Do not label axes
e) Reassign number of columns: Place your cursor to with a ratio of quantities and units. For example, write
the right of the last character of the last affiliation line of an Temperature (K), not Temperature/K.
even numbered affiliation (e.g., if there are five affiliations, Figures and tables should be numbered consecutively. Use
place your cursor at end of fourth affiliation). Drag the cursor Arabic numerals for figures and Roman numerals for tables.
up to highlight all of the above author and affiliation lines. Go
to Column icon and select 2 Columns. If you have an odd
number of affiliations, the final affiliation will be centered on We suggest that you use a text box to insert a graphic
the page; all previous will be in two columns. (which is ideally a 300 dpi TIFF or EPS file, with all fonts
embedded) because, in an MSW document, this method is
B. Identify the Headings somewhat more stable than directly inserting a picture.
Headings are organizational devices that guide the reader To have non-visible rules on your frame, use the
through your paper. There are two types: component headings MSWord Format pull-down menu, select Text Box >
and text headings. Colors and Lines to choose No Fill and No Line.
Component headings identify the different components of
your paper and are not topically subordinate to each other. Figure 1. Example of a figure caption. (figure caption)
Examples include ACKNOWLEDGMENTS and REFERENCES and,
for these, the correct style to use is Heading 5. Use figure
caption for your Figure captions, and table heading for ACKNOWLEDGMENT (HEADING 5)
your table title. Run-in headings, such as Abstract, will The preferred spelling of the word acknowledgment in
require you to apply a style (in this case, italic) in addition to America is without an e after the g. Avoid the stilted
the style provided by the drop down menu to differentiate the expression, One of us (R. B. G.) thanks . . . Instead, try R.
heading from the text. B. G. thanks. Put sponsor acknowledgments in the
Text headings organize the topics on a relational, unnumbered footnote on the first page.
hierarchical basis. For example, the paper title is the primary The following is an example of an acknowledgment.
text heading because all subsequent material relates and
elaborates on this one topic. If there are two or more sub- The authors gratefully acknowledge the contributions of T.
topics, the next level heading (uppercase Roman numerals) Edison, G. Westinghouse, N. Tesla, A. Volta and A. Ampere
should be used and, conversely, if there are not at least two to the electric power industry.
sub-topics, then no subheadings should be introduced. Styles
named Heading 1, Heading 2, Heading 3, and Heading REFERENCES
4 are prescribed. References are important to the reader; therefore, each
C. Figures and Tables citation must be complete and correct. There is no editorial
check on references; therefore, an incomplete or wrong
1) Positioning Figures and Tables: Large figures and reference will be published unless caught by a reviewer and
tables may span across both columns. Figure captions should will detract from the authority and value of the paper.
be below the figures; table headings should appear above the References should be readily available publications.
tables. Insert figures and tables after they are cited in the text List only one reference per reference number. If a
as close to the citation as possible. Use the abbreviation Fig. reference is available from two sources, each should be listed
1, even at the beginning of a sentence. as a separate reference.
The template will number citations consecutively within
brackets [1]. The sentence punctuation follows the bracket [2].
Multiple references [3], [4] are each numbered with separate
brackets [4]-[6]. Refer simply to the reference number, as in Unpublished Papers:
D. Ebehard and E. Voges, "Digital single sideband detection for
[7]do not use Ref. [7] or reference [7] except at the interferometric sensors," unpublished, presented at the 2nd Int. Conf.
beginning of a sentence: Reference [7] was the first . . . Optical Fiber Sensors, Stuttgart, Germany, 1984.
Process Corp., Framingham, MA. Intranets: Internet technologies deployed
Unless there are six authors or more give all authors' behind the firewall for corporate productivity, unpublished. Presented
names; do not use et al.. Papers that have not been at INET96 Annu. Meeting. [Online]. Available:
published, even if they have been submitted for publication, http://home.process.com/ Intranets/wp2.htp
should be cited as unpublished [8]-[10]. Capitalize only the G. N. Lester and J. H. Nelson, History of Circuit Breaker Standards,
first word in a paper title, except for proper nouns and element unpublished. Presented at the IEEE/PES General Meeting, 24 July
symbols. For papers published in translation journals, please 2008. [Online]. Available IEEE/PES Switchgear Committee web site:
http://www.ewh.ieee.org/soc/pes/switchgear/Presentations/2008CBtuto
give the English citation first, followed by the original rial/speaker1paper.pdf
foreign-language citation [11]. Papers that have been accepted
for publication, but not yet published, should be cited as in Papers Published in Translation Journals:
press [12]. Y. Yorozu, M. Hirano, K. Oka, and Y. Tagawa, Electron spectroscopy
studies on magneto-optical media and plastic substrate interface, IEEE
Samples of the correct formats for various types of Transl. J. Magn. Japan, vol. 2, pp. 740741, August 1987 [Digests 9th
references are given below [1]-[16]. Annual Conf. Magnetics Japan, p. 301, 1982].

Papers Accepted for Publication (but not yet published):

Periodicals: E. H. Miller, "A note on reflector arrays," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.,
J. F. Fuller, E. F. Fuchs, and K. J. Roesler, "Influence of harmonics on power in press.
distribution system protection," IEEE Trans. Power Delivery, vol. 3,
pp. 549-557, Apr. 1988. Papers from Conference Proceedings (Published):
R. J. Vidmar. (1992, Aug.). On the use of atmospheric plasmas as J. L. Alqueres and J. C. Praca, "The Brazilian power system and the
electromagnetic reflectors. IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. [Online]. 21(3), challenge of the Amazon transmission," in Proc. 1991 IEEE Power
pp. 876-880. Available: http://www.halcyon.com/pub/journals/21ps03- Engineering Society Transmission and Distribution Conf., pp. 315-320.
vidmar
Dissertations:
Books: S. Hwang, "Frequency domain system identification of helicopter rotor
E. Clarke, Circuit Analysis of AC Power Systems, vol. I. New York: Wiley, dynamics incorporating models with time periodic coefficients," Ph.D.
1950, p. 81. dissertation, Dept. Aerosp. Eng., Univ. Maryland, College Park, 1997.
G. O. Young, "Synthetic structure of industrial plastics," in Plastics, 2nd ed.,
vol. 3, J. Peters, Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1964, pp. 15-64. Standards:
J. Jones. (1991, May 10). Networks. (2nd ed.) [Online]. Available: IEEE Guide for Application of Shunt Power Capacitors, IEEE Std. 1036-
http://www.atm.com 2010, Sep. 2010.
Technical Reports: Patents:
E. E. Reber, R. L. Mitchell, and C. J. Carter, "Oxygen absorption in the G. Brandli and M. Dick, "Alternating current fed power supply," U.S. Patent
Earth's atmosphere," Aerospace Corp., Los Angeles, CA, Tech. Rep. 4 084 217, Nov. 4, 1978.
TR-0200 (4230-46)-3, Nov. 1968.
S. L. Talleen. (1996, Apr.). The Intranet Architecture: Managing information
in the new paradigm. Amdahl Corp., Sunnyvale, CA. [Online].
Available: http://www.amdahl.com/doc/products/bsg/intra/ infra/html