Writing A Précis

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Writing a Prcis

A prcis is a brief summary. Writing a prcis is valuable training in composition.


Since the writing requires you to be clear and concise, you must choose your
words carefully and arrange them skillfully so you get the maximum amount of
meaning into the minimum space.

In addition to its value as a writing exercise, prcis work is excellent reading


practice. In order to summarize another's ideas in your own words, you must
understand the idea thoroughly.

In school and in life after school, there are many situations that call for the
writing of a brief, accurate summary of reading. You are frequently asked to
prepare a summary of what you have read in your textbook or in the library.
Answers on examinations often require a brief summary. People in business, in
club work, and in social work must prepare short digests of articles and reports.

Study the following facts about prcis and the basic steps in writing.

1. A prcis is a short summary. It is not a paraphrase, which merely says in


different and simpler words exactly what the passage being paraphrased
has to say. A paraphrase may be as long as the passage itself. A prcis
rarely is more than one-third the length of the original selection and may
be only one-fourth as long.

2. A prcis gives only the "heart" of a passage. It omits repetition and


such details as examples, illustrations, and adjectives unless they are of
unusual importance.

3. A prcis is written entirely in the words of the person writing it, not
in the words of the original selection. Avoid the temptation to lift long
phrases and whole sentences from the original.

4. A prcis is written from the point of view of the author whose work
is being summarized. Do not begin with such expressions as "This author
says" or "The paragraph means." Begin as though you were summarizing
your own writing.

In writing a prcis proceed as follows:

1. Read carefully, sentence by sentence, the passage to be summarized. Try


to grasp the writer's main point. Spotting the topic sentence will help.
Look up in the dictionary any words whose meaning is not absolutely
clear. As you read, take brief notes to be used in your writing.
2. When you have finally decided what the author's main point is, write it
out in your own words. Do not use the wording of the original except for
certain key words which you may find indispensable. If you cannot
translate the idea into language of your own, you do not understand them
very well. Be especially careful not to rely too much on the topic sentence.
Do not add any opinions or ideas of your own.

3. Revise your writing until you are sure that you have given an accurate
summary.

4. Usually you will find your prcis is too long, if it is more than one-third
the length of the original, it is too long, continue your revision until you
have reduced the prcis to the proper length.

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