PHYSICS 9702/22

Paper 2 AS Structured Questions

Candidates answer on the Question Paper.

No Additional Materials are required.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.

Answer all questions.

Electronic calculators may be used.

You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.
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Data

speed of light in free space, c = 3.00 10 8 m s 1

permeability of free space, 0 = 4 10 7 H m1

permittivity of free space, 0 = 8.85 10 12 F m1

1
( = 8.99 10 9 m F1 )
40
elementary charge, e = 1.60 10 19 C

the Planck constant, h = 6.63 10 34 J s

unified atomic mass constant, u = 1.66 10 27 kg

rest mass of electron, me = 9.11 10 31 kg

rest mass of proton, mp = 1.67 10 27 kg

molar gas constant, R = 8.31 J K 1 mol 1

the Avogadro constant, NA = 6.02 10 23 mol 1

the Boltzmann constant, k = 1.38 10 23 J K1

gravitational constant, G = 6.67 10 11 N m 2 kg 2

acceleration of free fall, g = 9.81 m s 2

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Formulae

uniformly accelerated motion, s = ut + 12 at 2

v 2 = u 2 + 2as

work done on/by a gas, W = pV

gravitational potential, = Gm
r
hydrostatic pressure, p = gh

1 Nm 2
pressure of an ideal gas, p= 3 <c >
V
simple harmonic motion, a = 2x

velocity of particle in s.h.m., v = v0 cos t

v = (x02 x 2)

Q
electric potential, V=
40r

capacitors in series, 1/C = 1/C1 + 1/C2 + . . .

capacitors in parallel, C = C1 + C2 + . . .

energy of charged capacitor, W = 12 QV

resistors in series, R = R1 + R2 + . . .

resistors in parallel, 1/R = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + . . .

alternating current/voltage, x = x0 sin t

radioactive decay, x = x0 exp( t)

decay constant, = 0.693

t 1
2
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Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.

1 (a) The frequency of an X-ray wave is 4.6 1020 Hz.

Calculate the wavelength in pm.

wavelength = .................................................... pm [3]

(b) The distance from Earth to a star is 8.5 1016 m. Calculate the time for light to travel from the
star to Earth in Gs.

time = .................................................... Gs [2]

(c) The following list contains scalar and vector quantities.

Underline all the scalar quantities.

acceleration force mass power temperature weight [1]

(d) A boat is travelling in a flowing river. Fig. 1.1 shows the velocity vectors for the boat and the
river water.

water velocity 8.0 m s1

boat velocity 14.0 m s1 60 east

Fig. 1.1

The velocity of the boat in still water is 14.0 m s1 to the east. The velocity of the water is
8.0 m s1 from 60 north of east.
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(i) On Fig. 1.1, draw an arrow to show the direction of the resultant velocity of the boat. [1]

(ii) Determine the magnitude of the resultant velocity of the boat.

magnitude of velocity = ................................................ m s1 [2]

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2 Fig. 2.1 shows an object M on a slope.

3.6 m s1
Q
M
P

Fig. 2.1

M moves up the slope, comes to rest at point Q and then moves back down the slope to point R.
M has a constant acceleration of 3.0 m s2 down the slope at all times.
At time t = 0, M is at point P and has a velocity of 3.6 m s1 up the slope.
The total distance from P to Q and then to R is 6.0 m.

(a) Calculate, for the motion of M from P to Q,

(i) the time taken,

time = ....................................................... s [2]

(ii) the distance travelled.

distance = ...................................................... m [1]

(b) Show that the speed of M at R is 4.8 m s1.

[2]
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(c) On Fig. 2.2, draw the variation with time t of the velocity v of M for the motion P to Q to R.

6.0

4.0
v / m s1
2.0

0
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5
t/s
2.0

4.0

6.0

Fig. 2.2
[3]

(d) The mass of M is 450 g.

Calculate the difference in the kinetic energy of M at P and at R.

difference in kinetic energy = ....................................................... J [2]

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3 A trolley T moves at speed 1.2 m s1 along a horizontal frictionless surface. The trolley collides with
a stationary block on the end of a fixed spring, as shown in Fig. 3.1.

1.2 m s1 block
fixed end
of spring

horizontal frictionless surface

Fig. 3.1

The mass of T is 250 g. T compresses the spring by 5.4 cm as it comes to rest.

The relationship between the force F applied to the block and the compression x of the spring is
shown in Fig. 3.2.

6.0

5.0
x / cm
4.0

3.0

2.0

1.0

0
0 2.0 4.0 6.0
F/N

Fig. 3.2

(a) Use Fig. 3.2 to determine

(i) the spring constant of the spring,

spring constant = ................................................ N m1 [2]

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(ii) the work done by T compressing the spring by 5.4 cm.

work done = ....................................................... J [2]

(b) The spring then expands and causes T to move in a direction opposite to its initial direction.
At the time that T loses contact with the block, it is moving at a speed of 0.75 m s1.

From the time that T is in contact with the block,

(i) describe the energy changes,

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

(ii) determine the change in momentum of T.

change in momentum = .................................................... N s [2]

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4 (a) Define moment of a force.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) An arrangement for lifting heavy loads is shown in Fig. 4.1.

C
T
60
wall B
beam
2.8 m

30 load

A 500 N 4000 N

Fig. 4.1

A uniform metal beam AB is pivoted on a vertical wall at A. The beam is supported by a wire
joining end B to the wall at C. The beam makes an angle of 30 with the wall and the wire
makes an angle of 60 with the wall.

The beam has length 2.8 m and weight of 500 N. A load of 4000 N is supported from B. The
tension in the wire is T. The beam is in equilibrium.

(i) By taking moments about A, show that T is 2.1 kN.

[2]

(ii) Calculate the vertical component Tv of the tension T.

Tv = ...................................................... N [1]

(iii) State and explain why Tv does not equal the sum of the load and the weight of the beam
although the beam is in equilibrium.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]
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5 A 240 V power supply S with negligible internal resistance is connected to four resistors, as shown
in Fig. 5.1.

0.40 A 240 V
S

I1 A

550 1 950 1
I2 B

350 1 R

Fig. 5.1

Two resistors of resistance 550 and 950 are connected in series across S. Two resistors of
resistance 350 and R are also connected in series across S.

The current supplied by S is 0.40 A.

Currents I1 and I2 in the circuit are shown in Fig. 5.1.

(a) Calculate

(i) current I1,

I1 = ...................................................... A [2]

(ii) resistance R,

R = ....................................................... [2]

(iii) the ratio

power transformed in resistor of resistance 350 .

power transformed in resistor of resistance 550

ratio = .......................................................... [2]

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(b) Two points are labelled A and B, as shown in Fig. 5.1.

(i) Calculate the potential difference VAB between A and B.

VAB = ...................................................... V [2]

(ii) The resistance R is increased.

State and explain the effect on VAB.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]
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6 A 12 V battery with internal resistance 0.50 is connected to two identical filament lamps L1 and
L2 as shown in Fig. 6.1.

12 V
0.50 1

S1
L1

S2
L2

Fig. 6.1

The lamps are connected to the battery via switches S1 and S2. The power rating of each lamp is
48 W for a potential difference of 12 V.

(a) S1 is closed and S2 open.

State and explain whether the power transformed in L1 is 48 W.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[2]

(b) S2 is now also closed.

(i) State and explain the effect on the current in L1.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) State and explain the effect on the resistance of L1.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]
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7 An arrangement that is used to demonstrate interference with waves on the surface of water is
shown in Fig. 7.1.

wooden bar A
dipper

D1
to d.c. power
supply B

motor
dipper water

D2

Fig. 7.1 (view from above)

(a) Two dippers D1 and D2 are connected to a motor and a d.c. power supply. Initially only D1
vibrates on the water surface to produce waves.
The variation with distance x from D1 of the displacement y of the water at one instant of time
is shown in Fig. 7.2.

4.0
y / mm
2.0

0
0 10 20 30 40 50
2.0 x / mm

4.0

Fig. 7.2

Using Fig. 7.2, determine

(i) the amplitude of the wave,

amplitude = ................................................... mm [1]

(ii) the wavelength of the wave.

wavelength = ................................................... mm [1]

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(b) The two dippers D1 and D2 are made to vibrate and waves are produced by both dippers on
the water surface.

(i) State and explain whether these waves are stationary or progressive.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Explain why D1 and D2 are connected to the same motor.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(c) The points A and B on Fig. 7.1 are at the distances from D1 and D2 shown in Fig. 7.3.

D1A D2A D1B D2B

5.0 cm 7.0 cm 5.0 cm 6.0 cm

Fig. 7.3

State and explain the variation with time of the displacement of the water on the surface at

(i) A,

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

(ii) B.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]
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8 (a) The results of the -particle scattering experiment gave evidence for the structure of the atom.

State two results and the associated conclusions.

result 1: .....................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

conclusion 1: .............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

result 2: .....................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

conclusion 2: .............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[4]
63
(b) In a model of a copper atom of the isotope 29 Cu, the atom and its nucleus are assumed to be
spherical.

The diameter of the nucleus is 2.8 1014 m. The diameter of the atom is 2.3 1010 m.

Calculate the ratio

density of the nucleus .
density of the atom

ratio = ...........................................................[3]