Stainless Steel

1.4542 Bar

SPECIFICATIONS austenitic structure after annealing and hardening by

ageing. At the annealing temperature of 1095 to
Commercial 17/4 PH 1120C the precipitation hardening phase is soluble. It
remains in solution during rapid cooling. When
EN 1.4542 reheated to 650 to 760C, precipitation occurs. This
increases the hardness and strength of the material.
Hardness remains lower than that for martensitic or
Precipitation hardening stainless steels are chromium semi-austenitic precipitation hardening steels.
and nickel containing steels that provide an optimum Austenitic alloys remain nonmagnetic.
combination of the properties of martensitic and
austenitic grades. Like martensitic grades, they are Strength
known for their ability to gain high strength through Yield strengths for precipitation-hardening stainless
heat treatment and they also have the corrosion steels are 515 to 1415 MPa. Tensile strengths range
resistance of austenitic stainless steel. from 860 to 1520 MPa. Elongations are 1 to 25%. Cold
The high tensile strengths of precipitation hardening working before ageing can be used to facilitate even
stainless steels come after a heat treatment process higher strengths.
that leads to precipitation hardening of a martensitic or
austenitic matrix. Hardening is achieved through the
addition of one or more of the elements Copper, CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
Aluminium, Titanium, Niobium, and Molybdenum.
EN 10088-3:2005
The most well known precipitation hardening steel is
1.4542 Steel
17-4 PH. The name comes from the additions 17%
Chromium and 4% Nickel. It also contains 4% Copper Element % Present
and 0.3% Niobium. 17-4 PH is also known as stainless Chromium (Cr) 15.00 - 17.00
steel grade 630.
The advantage of precipitation hardening steels is that Nickel (Ni) 3.00 - 5.00
they can be supplied in a solution treated condition, Copper (Cu) 3.00 - 5.00
which is readily machinable. After machining or
another fabrication method, a single, low temperature Manganese (Mn) 0.0 - 1.50
heat treatment can be applied to increase the strength Silicon (Si) 0.0 - 0.70
of the steel. This is known as ageing or age-
hardening. As it is carried out at low temperature, the Molybdenum (Mo) 0.0 - 0.60
component undergoes no distortion. Niobium (Columbium) 0.0 - 0.45
(Nb)
Characterisation Carbon (C) 0.0 - 0.07
Precipitation hardening steels are characterised into
one of three groups based on their final Phosphorous (P) 0.0 - 0.04
microstructures after heat treatment. The three types Sulphur (S) 0.0 - 0.03
are: martensitic (e.g. 17-4 PH), semi-austenitic (e.g.
17-7 PH) and austenitic (e.g. A-286). Iron (Fe) Balance

Martensitic Alloys
Martensitic precipitation hardening stainless steels ALLOY DESIGNATIONS
have a predominantly austenitic structure at annealing
Stainless 1.4542 is similar to, but may not be a direct
temperatures of around 1040 to 1065C. Upon cooling
equivalent:
to room temperature, they undergo a transformation
17/4 PH
that changes the austenite to martensite.
UNS S17400
Semi-austenitic Alloys Grade 630
Unlike martensitic precipitation hardening steels,
annealed semi-austenitic precipitation hardening steels SUPPLIED FORMS
are soft enough to be cold worked. Semi-austenitc
steels retain their austenitic structure at room This is a bar specification, typically available in round
temperature but will form martensite at very low and hexagon
temperatures. Bar

Austenitic Alloys
Austenitic precipitation hardening steels retain their

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Copyright: Amari Aerospace Ltd, 25 High Street, Cobham, Surrey, KT11 3DH
Stainless Steel
1.4542 Bar

GENERIC PHYSICAL PROPERTIES EN 10088-3:2005

Bar - at P960
Up to 100mm Dia. / Thickness
Property Value
Density 7.75 g/cm Property Value

Thermal Expansion 10.8 x10-6 /K Proof Stress 790 Min MPa

Modulus of Elasticity 196 GPa Tensile Strength 960 - 1160 MPa

Thermal Conductivity 18.4 W/m.K Elongation A 12 Min %

Electrical Resistivity 0.08 x10-6 .m Mechanical properties vary greatly according to the heat treatment
that the material has undergone.

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES EN 10088-3:2005

Bar - at P1070
Up to 100mm Dia. / Thickness
EN 10088-3:2005
Bar - Solution Annealed Property Value
Up to 100mm Dia. / Thickness
Proof Stress 1000 Min MPa
Property Value
Tensile Strength 1070 - 1270 MPa
Tensile Strength 1200 Max MPa
Elongation A 10 Min %
Hardness Brinell 360 Max HB
Mechanical properties vary greatly according to the heat treatment
Mechanical properties vary greatly according to the heat treatment that the material has undergone.
that the material has undergone.

APPLICATIONS
EN 10088-3:2005
Bar - at P800 Due to the high strength of precipitation hardening
Up to 100mm Dia / Thickness stainless steels, most applications are in aerospace and
Property Value other high-technology industries.
Applications include:
Proof Stress 520 Min MPa ~ Gears
Tensile Strength 800 - 950 MPa ~ Valves and other engine components
~ High strength shafts
Elongation A 18Min %
~ Turbine blades
Mechanical properties vary greatly according to the heat treatment ~ Moulding dies
that the material has undergone. ~ Nuclear waste casks

EN 10088-3:2005 CORROSION RESISTANCE

Bar - at P930
Up to 100mm Dia. / Thickness Precipitation hardening stainless steels have moderate
to good corrosion resistance in a range of
Property Value
environments. They have a better combination of
Proof Stress 720 Min MPa strength and corrosion resistance than when compared
with the heat treatable 400 series martensitic alloys.
Tensile Strength 930 - 1100 MPa
Corrosion resistance is similar to that found in grade
Elongation A 16 Min % 304 stainless steel.
In warm chloride environments, 17-4 PH is susceptible
Mechanical properties vary greatly according to the heat treatment
that the material has undergone. to pitting and crevice corrosion. When aged at 550C
or higher, 17-4 PH is highly resistant to stress
corrosion cracking. Better stress corrosion cracking
resistance comes with higher ageing temperatures.
Corrosion resistance is low in the solution treated
(annealed) condition and it should not be used before
heat treatment.

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Copyright: Amari Aerospace Ltd, 25 High Street, Cobham, Surrey, KT11 3DH
Stainless Steel
1.4542 Bar

HEAT RESISTANCE HEAT TREATMENT

17-4 PH has good oxidation resistance. In order to The key to the properties of precipitation hardening
avoid reduction in mechanical properties, it should not stainless steels lies in heat treatment.
be used over its precipitation hardening temperature. After solution treatment or annealing of precipitation
Prolonged exposure to 370-480C should be avoided if hardening stainless steels, a single low temperature
ambient temperature toughness is critical. age hardening stage is employed to achieve the
required properties. As this treatment is carried out at
a low temperature, no distortion occurs and there is
FABRICATION
only superficial discolouration. During the hardening
Fabrication of all stainless steels should be done only process a slight decrease in size takes place. This
with tools dedicated to stainless steel materials or shrinking is approximately 0.05% for condition H900
tooling and work surfaces must be thoroughly cleaned and 0.10% for H1150.
before use. These precautions are necessary to avoid Typical mechanical properties achieved for 17-4 PH
cross contamination of stainless steel by easily after solution treating and age hardening are given in
corroded metals that may discolour the surface of the the table on the attached page. Condition designations
fabricated product. are given by the age hardening temperature in F.

Condition: Tensile Strength Range (N/mm or MPa) QT

COLD WORKING
650: 650 - 850
Cold forming such as rolling, bending and QT 700: 700 - 850
hydroforming can be performed on 17-4PH but only in QT 800: 800 - 950
the fully annealed condition. After cold working, stress QT 850: 850 - 1000
corrosion resistance is improved by re-ageing at the QT 900: 900 - 1050
precipitation hardening temperature.

WELDABILITY
HOT WORKING
Precipitation hardening steels can be readily welded
Hot working of 17-4 PH should be performed at 950- using procedures similar to those used for the 300
1200C. After hot working, full heat treatment is series of stainless steels.
required. This involves annealing and cooling to room Grade 17-4 PH can be successfully welded without
temperature or lower. Then the component needs to be preheating. Heat treating after welding can be used to
precipitation hardened to achieve the required give the weld metal the same properties as for the
mechanical properties. parent metal. The recommended grade of filler rods for
welding 17-4 PH is 17-7 PH.
MACHINABILITY
In the annealed condition, 17-4 PH has good
machinability, similar to that of 304 stainless steel.
After hardening heat treatment, machining is difficult
but possible.
Carbide or high speed steel tools are normally used
with standard lubrication. When strict tolerance limits
are required, the dimensional changes due to heat
treatment must be taken into account

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Copyright: Amari Aerospace Ltd, 25 High Street, Cobham, Surrey, KT11 3DH
Stainless Steel
1.4542 Bar

CONTACT

Address: Unit 1, Mauretania Road, Nursling

Southampton SO16 OYS United Kingdom
Tel: 023 8074 2750
Fax: 023 8074 1947
Email: [email protected]
Web: www.amari-aerospace.com

REVISION HISTORY

Datasheet Updated 21 July 2016

DISCLAIMER
This Data is indicative only and as such is not to be relied upon in place of
the full specification. In particular, mechanical property requirements vary
widely with temper, product and product dimensions. All information is
based on our present knowledge and is given in good faith. No liability will
be accepted by the Company in respect of any action taken by any third
party in reliance thereon.

Please note that the 'Datasheet Update' date shown above is no guarantee
of accuracy or whether the datasheet is up to date.

The information provided in this datasheet has been drawn from various
recognised sources, including EN Standards, recognised industry references
(printed & online) and manufacturers data. No guarantee is given that the
information is from the latest issue of those sources or about the accuracy of
those sources.

Material supplied by the Company may vary significantly from this data, but
will conform to all relevant and applicable standards.

As the products detailed may be used for a wide variety of purposes and as
the Company has no control over their use; the Company specifically
excludes all conditions or warranties expressed or implied by statute or
otherwise as to dimensions, properties and/or fitness for any particular
purpose, whether expressed or implied.

Advice given by the Company to any third party is given for that partys
assistance only and without liability on the part of the Company. All
transactions are subject to the Companys current Conditions of Sale. The
extent of the Companys liabilities to any customer is clearly set out in those
Conditions; a copy of which is available on request.

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Copyright: Amari Aerospace Ltd, 25 High Street, Cobham, Surrey, KT11 3DH
Stainless Steel
1.4542 Bar

Typical Mechanical Properties

Cond Cond
Grade 17-4PH Annealed
900 1150
Tensile
1100 1310 930
Strength (MPa)
Elongation A5
15 10 16
(%)
Proof Stress
1000 1170 724
0.2% (MPa)
Elongation A5
15 10 16
(%)

Typical mechanical properties

achieved for 17-4 PH after solution
treating and age hardening are
given in the following table.
Condition designations are given by
the age hardening temperature in
F.

Hardening Hardness Tensile

Cond. Temp and (Rockwell Strength
time C) (MPa)
A Annealed 36 1100
482C, 1
H900 44 1310
hour
496C, 4 1170-
H925 42
hours 1320
552C, 4 1070-
H1025 38
hours 1220
580C, 4 1000-
H1075 36
hours 1150
593C, 4
H1100 35 970-1120
hours
621C, 4
H1150 33 930-1080
hours

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Copyright: Amari Aerospace Ltd, 25 High Street, Cobham, Surrey, KT11 3DH