Perhitungan Rel

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Data

Kelas Jalan = IV
V Max = 110 Km/jam
Beban Gandar = 18 Ton
Tipe Rel = R.42
Kekakuan Jalan Rel (k) = 180 Kg/cm2
Modulus Elastisitas Rel (E) = 2,1 x 106 Kg/cm2
Jenis Lokomotif = BB
Koefisien Gandar (KG) = 0,75
Tegangan izin = 1843 kg/cm2
Tegangan Base = 1410 kg/cm2

Data Karakteristik Penampang Rel :


138,00
H = mm
110,00
B = mm
68,50
C = mm
13,50
D = mm
40,50
E = mm
23,50
F = mm
72,00
G = mm
320,00
R = mm
54,26
A = cm2
42,59
W = kg/m
68,50
Yb = mm
1369
Ix = cm4

Gambar: Penampang Rel


V Rencana :
V = 1.25 x V Max
V = 1.25 x 90 Km/jam
V = 112.5 Km/Jam
Tahanan Momen Dasar (Wb) :
Ix
Wb=
H
( )
2

4
1369 cm
Wb= =198 cm3
13,8
( )
2

PERENCANAAN PEMILIHAN

Perhitungan Momen :

M=KG x ( )(Pd2 )
4

( (
(18000 ) x (1+0,01x ( 112,5
1,609 ))

)
-5
2
M=0,75 x

)
2
4 180 kg/ cm
4x 6
4x2,1x 10 x1369

M= 248809,85 kg.cm

Tinjauan Terhadap Tegangan izin Kelas jalan :


(M x y)
x=
Ix

( 248809,85 x 6,85 )
x= =1244,96 kg/ cm2 < tegangan izin (safe)
1369

Tinjauan Terhadap Tegangan Yang Terjadi Di Dasar Rel :


Sbase = Ma/WB
Sbase = 248809,85 /198 = 1254,05 Kg/cm2 < Tegangan base ( Safe )

Kesimpulan :
Tipe Rel = R.42

DATA BANTALAN KAYU

Kelas Jalan = IV
V Rencana = 112,5 km/jam
Beban Gandar = 18 ton
Standar Bantalan = PJKA
Penempatan Bantalan = Lurus
Panjang (L) = 200 cm
Lebar (b) = 22 cm
Tinggi (t) = 13 cm
Kelas Kayu = I
Lebar Sepur = 1067 mm
Jarak Dari Sumbu Rel Ke LuarBantalan () = 45 cm
Setengah Jarak Sumbuh Vertikal Rel (c) = 55 cm
Tegangan Lentur (lt) = 125 kg/cm2
Modulus Elastisitas (E) = 1,25 x 105 kg/cm2
Modulus Jalan Rel (k) = 180 kg/cm2

Setengah Jarak Sumbuh Vertikal Rel (c)


C

c=
(( 2)
+Lebar Sepur )

6,85

c=
(( 2 )
x 2 +106,7 )
2
c = 57 cm

Jarak Dari Sumbu Rel Ke LuarBantalan ()

L-c x 2
a=
2
200- ( 57 x 2 )
a=
2
a = 43 cm
Gambar: Parameter Ukur Dimensi Bantalan

PERENCANAAN BANTALAN

Dumping factor ()

=

4 k
4E I


180 kg/ cm2
=4
4125000 (112 22 13 )
3

= 0,01729 cm-1

Fungsi Trigonometri dan


Hiperbolikus
Sin L = -0,311
Sinh L = 15,863
cosh a = 1,293
cosh 2c = 3,632
cosh L = 15,894
cos a = 0,733
Sinh 2a = 2,117
Sin 2c = 0,924
Sinh 2c = 3,491
Sin 2a = 0,997
cos 2c = -0,383
cos L = -0,950
Sinh c = 1,147
Sin c = 0,831
Sin (L-c) = 0,617
Sinh (L-c) = 5,907
cosh c = 1,522
cos (L-c) = -0,787
cos c = 0,556
cosh (L-c) = 5,991

Menghitung Momen pada titik :

[ ]
2 cosh 2 a ( cos2c+coshL ) -
Q 1 2 cos 2 a ( cosh2c+cosL ) -
M C/D=
4 sinL+sinhL sinh2a ( sin2c+sinhL ) -
sin2 a ( sinh2c+sinL )

[ ]
2
2 ( 1,293 ) ( -0,383+15,894 ) -
2
Q 1 2 ( 0,733 ) ( 3,632+ ( -0,950 ) ) -
M C/D=
4 x 0,01729 (-0,311+15,863) 2,117 ( 0,9 2 4+15,863 ) -
0,997 ( 3,491+ ( -0,311 ) )

M C/D = 9,51 7 Q

[ ]
sinhc ( sinc+sin ( L-c ) ) +
Q 1 sinc ( sin h c+sinh ( L-c ) ) +
M O=
2 sinL+sinhL cos h c cos ( L-c ) -
cos c cos h (L-c)

[ ]
1,1 47 ( 0,8 3 1+0,617 ) +
Q 1 0,8 3 1 ( 1,147+5,907 ) +
M O=
2 x 0,01729 (-0,311+15,863) ( 1,522 x ( -0, 7 87 ) ) -
( 0,556 x 5,991 )

M O =-5,580 Q
Q adalah beban yang dapat diterima bantalan

Momen izin bantalan

M izin = lt (16 ) b t 2

M izin =125 (16 )22 13 =77458,33 kgcm


2

Beban yang dapat diterima bantalan

M C/D = M izin (Q)

77458,33
M C/D = =8139,29 kg
9,517

Beban dinamik:

Pd =
P
2 [ 1+0,01
Vrencana
(1,609 -5 )
]
Pd = (18000
2 )[ 1+0,01 (112,5
1,609 )]
-5 =14842,73 Kg

Beban yang diterima dari kereta api

Q1 = 60% dari Pd

Q1 = (60/100) x 14842,73 = 8905,64 Kg

Maka:

Q < Q1 = Unsafe
Kesimpulan

(Bantalan Kayu tidak dapat menerima beban kereta api)

DATA BANTALAN

Kelas Jalan = IV
V Rencaana = 112,5 km/jam
Beban Gandar = 18 ton
Type Bantalan WIKA Beton = N-67
Panjang Bantalan (L) = 200 cm
Lebar sepur = 1067 mm
Mutu Beton (fcu) = 500 kg/cm2
Tegangan izin Tekan = 200 kg/cm2
Modulus Jalan Rel (k) = 180 kg/cm2

Setengah Jarak Sumbu Vertikal Rel (c)

c=
(( 2
x 2 ) +Lebar Sepur )

2
6,85

c=
(( 2
x 2 )+106,7 )

2
c = 57 cm

Jarak Dari Sumbu Rel ke Luar Bantalan ()

L-c x 2
a=
2
200- ( 57 x 2 )
a=
2
a = 45 cm

Modulus Elastisitas (E)


E = 6400 fcu

E = 6400 500

E = 143108,35 kg/cm 2 Gambar: Parameter Ukur


Dimensi Bantalan

Bagian Bawah Rel


b1 = 150 mm
b2 = 250 mm
t = 210 mm
A1 = 420 cm2
15113,4
I x-1 = 4 cm4
Y1(a) = 11,375 cm
Y1(b) = 9,63 cm
W1(a) = 1328,65 cm3
W1(b) = 1570,23 cm3
momen izin (+) = 150000 kg-cm
momen izin (-) = 75000 kg-cm

Bagian Tengah Bantalan


b1 = 150 Mm
b2 = 226 Mm
t = 190 Mm
A2 = 357,2 cm2
I x-2 = 10599,43 cm4
Y1(a) = 10,140 Cm
Y1(b) = 8,86 Cm
W1(a) = 1045,30 cm3
W1(b) = 1196,33 cm3
momen izin (+) = 66000 kg-cm
momen izin (-) = 93000 kg-cm

Gambar: Penampang Bantalan Beton

PERENCANAAN BANTALAN

Dumping Factor bawah rel (r)

=

4 k
4EI

=

4 180 kg/cm
4143108,3515113,44
= 0,012 cm-1
Dumping Factor Tengah Bantalan (t)

=

4 k
4EI

180 kg/cm -1
= 0,013 cm
4143108,3510599,43
4
=

Middle
Under Rail Sleeper

Sin L = 0,674 Sin L = 0,494

Sinh L = 5,477 Sinh L = 6,865

cosh a = 1,138 cosh a = 1,165

cosh 2c = 2,083 cosh 2c = 2,332

cosh L = 5,568 cosh L = 6,937

cos a = 0,868 cos a = 0,843

Sinh 2a = 1,235 Sinh 2a = 1,394

Sin 2c = 0,979 Sin 2c = 0,997

Sinh 2c = 1,828 Sinh 2c = 2,106

Sin 2a = 0,862 Sin 2a = 0,906

cos 2c = 0,206 cos 2c = 0,080

cos L = -0,739 cos L = -0,869

Sinh c = 0,736 Sinh c = 0,816

Sin c = 0,630 Sin c = 0,678

Sin (L-c) = 0,989 Sin (L-c) = 0,953

Sinh (L-c) = 2,703 Sinh (L-c) = 3,199

cosh c = 1,242 cosh c = 1,291

cos (L-c) = -0,149 cos (L-c) = -0,304

cos c = 0,776 cos c = 0,735

cosh (L-c) = 2,882 cosh (L-c) = 3,352

Beban dinamik :
Pd=
P
2 [
1+0,01
Vrencana
(
1,609
-5 )]
Pd= (18000
2 ) [ 1+0,01 (
1,609 )]
112,5
-5 = 14842,73 Kg

Beban yang diterima dari kereta api

Q1 = 60% dari Pd

Q1 = (60/100) x 14842,73 = 8905,64 Kg

Menghitung momen pada titik:

[ ]
2 cosh 2 a ( cos2c+coshL ) -
Q 1 2 cos 2 a ( cosh2c+cosL ) -
M C/D=
4 sinL+sinhL sinh2a ( sin2c+sinhL ) -
sin2 a ( sinh2c+sinL )

[ ]
2
2 x 1,138 ( 0,206+5,568 ) -
8905,64 1 2 x 0,868 2 ( 2,083+ (-0,739) ) -
M C/D =
4 x 0,012 ( 0,674+5,477 ) 1 ,235M( 0,979+5,477
izin -
)=150000 kg-
0,862 ( 1,828+0,674 )

M C/D = 84154,5 kg-cm M izin = 150000 kg-cm

[ ]
sinhc ( sinc+sin ( L-c ) ) +
Q 1 sinc ( sin h c+sinh ( L-c ) ) +
M O=
2 sinL+sinhL cos h c cos ( L-c ) -
cos c cos h (L-c)


0.816 ( 0,678+0,953 ) +
0,678 ( 0,816+3,199 ) +
M izin =93000 kg-cm
( 1,291 x ( -0,304 )

8905,64 1
M O =- [ ( 0,7 35 x 3,35 2) ]
2 x 0,013 0,494+6,865
M O = -55198,8 kg-cm

Q adalah beban yang dapat diterima bantalan

Tinjauan terhadap momen izin

Momen bawah rel = MC/D < M izin (safe)

Momen tengah Bantalan = MO < M izin (safe)

Kesimpulan :

(Bantalan Beton dapat digunakan)


DATA

Kelas Jalan = IV
V Rencana = 112,5 km/jam
Beban Gandar = 18 ton
Type Rel = R.42
Koefisien Muai Panjang ( ) = 0,000012C-1
Modulus Elastisitas (E) = 2,1 x 106
Suhu Terendah = 36C
Suhu Tertinggi = 48C
Gaya Lawan Bantalan (r) = 450 kg/m
Suhu Pemasangan Rel(t) = 38C

Data Karakteristik Penampang Rel :


138,00
H = mm
110,00
B = mm
68,50
C = mm
13,50
D = mm
40,50
E = mm
23,50
F = mm
72,00
G = mm
320,00
R = mm
54,26
A = cm2
42,59
W = kg/m
68,50
Yb = mm
1369
Ix = cm4

Gambar: Penampang Rel


PERENCANAAN PANJANG

Panjang (l) :

l = (E x A x x t) /r

l = (2,1 x 106 x 54,26 x 0,000012 x (48-36)) / 450 kg/m

l = 36,46 m

Panjang Rel minimum dengan Bantalan Beton (L)

L=2xl

L = 2 x 36,46

L = 73 m = 75 m

Hasil Perhitungan Rel : Menggunakan Rel Pendek 75 m

Celah Sambungan Rel :

Panjang Celah= 4 mm

Penambat Rel :

Jenis Penambat Rel = Elastisitas Tunggal

Kesimpulan :

(Menggunakan Rel Pendek 75 m, dengan Panjang Celah 4 mm dan


Menggunakan Penambat Elastisitas Tunggal)
Gambar: Sambungan Menumpu

Gambar: Sambungan Melayang

Gambar: Penambat Rel


DATA BALAS DAN SUB-

Kelas Jalan = IV
V Rencana = 112,5 km/jam
Beban Gandar = 18 ton
Type Rel = R42
Material Bantalan = Beton
Panjang Bantalan (L) = 200 cm
Lebar Bawah Bantalan (b2) = 25 cm
Modulus Reaksi Balas (ke) = 9 kg/cm3
Modulus Elastisitas (E) = 143108 kg/cm2
Inersia Bantalan (i) = 15113 cm4
Nilai t = 1,2 kg/cm2
Jarak Ujung Bantalan Tepi
Atas Balas (X) = 40 cm
Jarak Ujung Balas Tepi Atas Sub-
balas (M) = 40-90 cm (90 cm disediakan untuk
pejalan kaki)

PERENCANAAN BALAS DAN SUB-

K = b2 x ke

K = 25 x 9

K = 225 kg/cm2

Dumping Factor ()

=

4 k
4E I

=

4 255
414310815113

= 0,012699 cm -1

Beban Dinamik

Pd =
P
2 [ 1+0,01
Vrencana
(1,609 -5 )
]
Pd =
18000
2 [ 1+0,01
1,609 )]
(112,5 -5
Pd = 14842,73 kg

Fungsi Trigonometri dan


Hiperbolikus
Sin L = 0,566
Sinh L = 6,299
cosh a = 1,154
cosh 2c = 2,233
cosh L = 6,378
cos a = 0,853
Sinh 2a = 1,332
Sin 2c = 0,992
Sinh 2c = 1,996
Sin 2a = 0,890
cos 2c = 0,128
cos L = -0,824

Tekanan Bawah Bantalan :

[ ]
2 cosh 2 a ( cos2c+coshL ) +
Pd x 1
1 = 2
2 X b 2 ( sinL+sinhL ) 2 cos a ( cosh2c+cosL) +
sinh2a ( sin2c-sinhL ) -sin2a ( sinh2c-sinL )

[ ]
2 x1,154 2 ( 0,128+6,378 ) +
( 14842,73 x 60% ) x 0,012699 1 2x 0,8532 ( 2,233- ( -0,824 ) ) +
1 =
2 x 25 ( 0,566+6,299 ) 1,332 ( 0,9 92 -6,299 ) -
0, 890 (1,996-0,566 )

1 = 3,6 41 kgcm

Tebal Lapisan Balas :

d=

1,35 58 1
t

d=

1,35 583,6 41
1,2

d= 44 cm
Kesimpulan :
Tabel
Dihitung PM.60
Ukurang Balas 2012
d1 (tabel PM.60 2012) = 25 cm 25 cm
d2 = d - d1 > 15 cm ---> (d2) = 19 cm 15-35 cm
b > 1/2 L + X -----> (b) = 140 cm 140 cm
k1 > b + 2d1 + M -----> (k1) = 230 cm 240 cm
c = k1 - M = 190 cm 215 cm
k2 (tabel PM.60 2012) = 300 cm 300 cm
e (tabel PM.60 2012) = 20 cm 20 cm

Gambar: Penampang Melintang Jalan Rel Pada Bagian Lurus

Gambar: Penampang Melintang Jalan Rel Pada Bagian Lengkung


DATA

Kelas Jalan = IV
V Rencana = 112,5 km/jam
Beban Gandar = 18 ton
Type Rel = R42
Material Bantalan = Beton
Panjang Bantalan (L) = 200
Lebar Bawah Bantalan (b2) = 25 cm
Modulus Reaksi Balas (ke) = 9 kg/cm3
Modulus Elastisitas (E) = 143108 kg/cm2
Inersia Bantalan (i) = 15113 cm4
Tebal Total Balas = 44 cm

PERHITUNGAN

K = b2 x ke

K = 25 x 9

K = 225 kg/cm2

Dumping Factor ()

=

4 k
4E I

=

4 255
414310815113
-1
= 0,012699 cm

Beban Dinamik

Pd =
P
2 [ 1+0,01
Vrencana
(1,609 -5 )
]
Pd =
18000
2 [ 1+0,01
1,609 )]
(112,5 -5

Pd = 14842,73 kg

Fungsi Trigonometri dan


Hiperbolikus
Sin L = 0,566
Sinh L = 6,299
cosh a = 1,154
cosh 2c = 2,233
cosh L = 6,378
cos a = 0,853
Sinh 2a = 1,332
Sin 2c = 0,992
Sinh 2c = 1,996
Sin 2a = 0,890
cos 2c = 0,128
-
cos L = 0,824

Tekanan Bawah Bantalan :

[ ]
2 cosh 2 a ( cos2c+coshL ) +
Pd x 1
y= 2
2.K ( sinL+sinhL ) 2 cos a ( cosh2c+cosL ) +
sinh2a ( sin2c-sinhL ) -sin2a ( sinh2c-sinL )

[ ]
2 x1,154 2 ( 0,128+6,378 ) +
( 14842,73 x 60% ) x 0,012699 1 2x 0,8532 ( 2,233+ ( -0,824 ) ) +
y=
2 x 255 ( 0,566+6,299 ) 1,332 ( 0,992-6,299 ) -
0,890 ( 1,996-0,566 )

y= 0,4 04 cm

Tekanan Pada Permukaan Badan Jalan :


1 = ke x y

1 = 9 x 0,4 04

1 = 3,64 kg/ cm 2

Tekanan tepat dibawah Bantalan :

2 = ( 58 x 1 ) /10 + d 1,35

2 = ( 58 x 3,64 ) /10 + 44 1,35

2
2 =1,2 kg/ cm

DATA ALINYEMEN

Kelas Jalan = IV
V Maks = 90 km/jam
V ops = 102,6 km/jam
Sudut Lengkung () = 19
Jenis Lengkung Horizontal = FC

PERHITUNGAN LENGKUNG

Jari-jari Horizontal :

Rmin-Normal

Rmin = 0,076 x(Vmaks)2

Rmin = 0,076 x(110)2

Rmin = 919,6 m

Rmin-Peninggian Maksimum

Rmin = 0,054 x (Vmaks)2

Rmin = 0,054 x (110)2


Rmin= 653,4 m

Rmin-Tanpa Peninggian

Rmin = 0,164 x (Vmaks)2

Rmin = 0,164 x (110)2

Rmin = 1984,4 m

R Tabel Tanpa Lenkung Peralihan = 1990 m

R yang di gunakan = 1990 m Tanpa Lengkung Peralihan (FC)

Perencanaan Lengkung Horizontal Full Circle (FC)

Lc = (/360) x 2 x R

Lc =(19/360) x (2 x 3,14) x 1990

Lc = 659,57 m

Tc = R x Tan (/2)

Tc = 1990 x Tan(19/2)

Tc = 333,01 m

Ec = (R/(cos(/2)) R

Ec = (1990/(cos(19/2)))-1990

Ec = 27,67 m
Gambar: Lengkung Full Circle (FC)

Pelebaran Sepur :

W = 0 mm

DATA ALINYEMEN

Kelas Jalan = II
V Maks = 110 km/jam
V ops = 102,6 km/jam
Sudut Lengkung () = 19
Jenis Lengkung Horizontal = S-C-S

PERHITUNGAN LENGKUNG

Jari-jari Horizontal :

Rmin-Normal

Rmin = 0,076 x(Vmaks)2

Rmin = 0,076 x(110)2

Rmin = 919,6 m
Rmin-Peninggian Maksimum

Rmin = 0,054 x (Vmaks)2

Rmin = 0,054 x (110)2

Rmin= 653,4 m

Rmin-Tanpa Peninggian

Rmin = 0,164 x (Vmaks)2

Rmin = 0,164 x (110)2

Rmin = 1984,4 m

R Tabel Tanpa Lenkung Peralihan = 660 m

R yang di gunakan = 900m dengan Lengkung Peralihan (S-C-S)

Peninggian Rel :

V rencana = 1,25 x V ops

V rencana = 1,25 x 102,6

V rencana = 128 km/jam

h maks = 110 mm (PD.10-1986)

h normal = 5,95 x ( V2/R)

h normal = 5,95 x ( 1282/900)

h normal = 109 mm

h min = ((8,8 x V2)/R)-53,5

h min = ((8,8 x 1282)/900)-53,5

h min = 107 mm
Memenuhi Syarat h min < h normal < h maks

Peninggian Rel di Rencanakan = 109 mm

Lengkung Peralihan :

Ls = 0,01 x h x Vmaks

Ls = 0,01 x 109 x 110

Ls = 120 m

Perencanaan Lengkung Horizontal Spiral-Circle-Spiral (S-C-S)

s = (Ls / 2 x R) x (360 / 2)

s = (120 / 2 x 900) x (360 / (2 x 3,14))

s = 3,81

c = - 2 x s

c = 19 - 2 x 3,81

c = 11,38

Lc = (c / 360) x 2 x R

Lc = (11,38 / 360) x (2 x 3,14) x 900

Lc = 179 m

Yc = Ls2 / (6 x R)

Yc = 1202/ (6 x 900)
Yc = 2,65 m

Xc = Ls - (Ls3 / (40 x R2))

Xc = 120 - (1203 / (40 x 9002))

Xc = 120 m

K = Xc - (R x sin s)

K = 120 - (900 x sin 3,81)

K = 60 m

P = Yc - R x ( 1 - cos s)

P = 2,65 - 900 x ( 1 - cos 3,81)

P = 0,7 m

Ts = ( R + P ) x tan (/2)) + K

Ts = ( 900 + 0,7 ) x tan (19/2)) + 60

Ts = 210 m

Es = (( R + P) / cos(/2)) R

Es = (( 900 + 0,7) / cos(19/2)) 900

Es = 13 m

L = 2Ls + Lc

L = 2 x 120 + 179

L = 418 m
Gambar: Lengkung Spiral Circle Spiral ( S-C-S )

Diagram Super Elevasi

Peninggian Rel di Rencanakan = 109 mm

Gambar: Diagram Super Elevasi


Titik 1 = ( 1/4Ls x h)/Ls

Titik 1 = ( 1/4 x 120 x 109 )/120

Titik 1 = 27,18 mm

Titik 2 = ( 1/2Ls x h)/Ls

Titik 2 = ( 1/2 x 120 x 109)/120

Titik 2 = 54,37 mm

Titik 3 = (3/4Ls x h)/Ls

Titik 3 = (3/4 x 120 x 109)/120

Titik 3 = 81,55 mm

Titik 4 = (Ls x h)/ Ls

Titik 4 = (120 x 109)/ 120

Titik 4 = 109 mm

Pelebaran Sepur :

W = 0 mm (Tabel 10.1 PM.60-2012)

DATA ALINYEMEN

Kelas Jalan = II
V Maks= 110 km/jam
Gradien (g1) =0%
Gradien (g2) = 0,25 %
R min = 8000 m ( Tabel 3.2 PM.60-2012)

PERHITUNGAN LENGKUNG

Perencanaan Lengkung Veritkal Cekung :

= g2-g1

= 0,25 - 0

= 0,25 %

Lv = x R
Lv = 0,25 x 8000

Lv = 20 m

Ev = ( R x ( 2))/8

Ev = ( 8000 x ( 0,252))/8

Ev = 0,00625 m

DATA ALINYEMEN

Kelas Jalan = IV
V Maks= 110 km/jam
Gradien (g1) =0%
Gradien (g2) = 0,25 %
R min = 8000 m ( Tabel 3.2 PM.60-2012)

PERHITUNGAN LENGKUNG

Perencanaan Lengkung Veritkal Cembung :

= g2-g1

= 0,25 - 0

= 0,25 %

Lv = x R

Lv = 0,25 x 8000

Lv = 20 m
Ev = ( R x ( 2))/8

Ev = ( 8000 x ( 0,252))/8

Ev = 0,00625 m

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