Answers to exam-style questions

Topic 1 437.0 mol of Mn3O4 will react with 437.0 8/3,

i.e. 1165 mol. The number of moles of Al is
1 C greater than this, so Al is present in excess and
2 B Mn3O4 is the limiting reactant. So Mn3O4 must
be used in all calculations.
3 D 3 mol Mn3O4 produces 9 mol Mn. Therefore
4 A 437.0 mol of Mn3O4 will produce 437.0 3, i.e.
1311, mol of Mn.
5 B
molar mass of Mn = 54.94 g mol1
6 B mass of of Mn = 1311 54.94, i.e. 72 030 g,
7 C i.e. 72.03 kg. [4]
b 3Mn3O4 + 8Al 4Al2O3 + 9Mn
8 A
200.0 kg of Mn is 200 000, i.e. 3640 mol.
54.94
9 B This number of moles is produced from 3640 ,
3
10 D i.e. 1213 mol Mn3O4. The mass of 1213 mol
Mn3O4 is 1213 228.82 = 277 661 g, i.e.
227
11 volume of ammonia in dm3 = = 0.227 dm3 277.7 kg. To convert to tonnes, we divide by 1000
1000
to get 0.277 7 tonnes.
volume 0.227 Therefore, the percentage Mn3O4 in the ore
no. moles of ammonia = =
molar volume 22.7 = 0.277 7 100, i.e 22.6%. [3]
= 0.010 0 mol 1.23
13 a A hydrocarbon contains carbon and hydrogen
From the equation, two moles of NH3 produce
only. The percentage hydrogen in the
one mole of N2.
hydrocarbon is 100 88.8, i.e. 11.2%.
0.0100 mol NH3 0.005 00 mol N2
C H
0.005 00 mol of N2 has a volume of 0.005 00 22.7,
88.8 11.2
i.e. 0.1135 dm3. This is 0.1135 1000 = 113.5 cm3,
88.8 11.2
which is the theoretical yield of N2. divide by Ar
12.01 1.01
85 moles 7.39 11.09
percentage yield = 100 = 75%
113.5 7.39 11.09
Alternative method: NH3 and N2 are both gases divide by smallest
7.39 7.39
and so we do not have to convert to moles. From the ratio 1 1.5
equation, two moles of NH3 react to give one mole Multiplying by 2 to get whole numbers, we get
of N2. Therefore two volumes of NH3 react to give C2H3, which is the empirical formula. [3]
one volume of N2, so 227 cm3 of NH3 react to give b To do this, we have to work out the relative
227 , i.e. 113.5 cm3 of N . This is the theoretical molecular mass of the hydrocarbon.
2 2
yield of N2. Use PV = nRT to calculate the number of moles.
The rest of the method is the same as above. [3] Convert volume in cm3 to volume in m3:
98.9
12 a Because the masses of the two substances are = 9.89 105 m3
(1 106)
given, we must check to see if one of the P = 1.00 105 Pa V = 9.89 105 m3 n = ?
substances is limiting. 1
R = 8.31 J K mol 1
T = 320 K
molar mass of Mn3O4 = 228.82 g mol1 PV
100 000 n=
no. moles of Mn3O4 = = 437.0 mol RT
228.82 1.00 105 9.89 105
molar mass of Al = 26.98 g mol1 n=
8.31 320
100 000 n = 3.72 103 mol
no. moles of Al = = 3706 mol
26.98

CHEMISTRY FOR THE IB DIPLOMA CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 ANSWERS TO EXAMSTYLE QUESTIONS 1 1
 mass 0.201 molar mass of I2 = 253.80 g mol1
relative molecular mass = =
no. moles 3.72 103
mass of I2 = 1.25 103 253.80, i.e. 0.317 g [3]
= 54.0
The empirical formula mass 16 a molar mass of PbI2 = 461.0 g mol1
= (2 12.01) + (3 1.01) = 27.05 and 0.1270
moles of PbI2 = = 2.755 104 mol [2]
54.0 461.0
=2 b Pb(NO3)2(aq) + MI2(aq) PbI2(s) + M(NO3)2(aq)
27.05
Therefore the molecular formula is (C2H3)2, i.e. [1]
C4H6. [3] c From the chemical equation, we can deduce that
the number of moles of MI2 is the same as the
258
14 a volume of CO2 in m3 = number of moles of PbI2. Therefore the number
1 000 000
of moles of MI2 is 2.755 104 mol. [1]
= 2.58 104 m3 4
d We know the mass of 2.755 10 mol of MI2 is
P = 1.10 105 Pa V = 2.58 104 m3 n = ?
1 1 0.0810 g. The molar mass of MI2 is 0.0810 4 ,
R = 8.31 J K mol T = 300 K 2.755 10
PV i.e. 294.0 g mol1. Some of this mass is due to the
n= two I ions in the formula these contribute
RT
1.10 105 2.58 104 2 126.90 to the mass, i.e. 253.8. The relative
n= atomic mass of M is 294.0 253.8 = 40.20. We
8.31 300
= 0.0114 mol [3] know that this is a group 2 element, so from the
b The number of moles of CaCO3 that must react periodic table we can see that it must be calcium.
to produce this number of moles of CO2 is [3]
worked out from the chemical equation: 17 a molar mass of BaSO4 = 233.40 g mol1
no. moles of CaCO3 = 0.0114 mol 3.739 102
molar mass of CaCO3 = 100.09 g mol1 no. moles of BaSO4 formed =
233.40
mass of CaCO3 = 0.011 4 100.09 = 1.14 g 4
= 1.602 10 mol [2]
percentage CaCO3 in the limestone = 1.14
1.20 100 b CuSO4(aq) + BaCl2(aq) BaSO4(s) + CuCl2(aq)
= 95.0% [3] [1]
15 a In this question the number of moles of c From the chemical equation we can deduce that
copper(II) nitrate is equivalent to the number the number of moles of CuSO4 is the same as the
of moles of Cu2+ and the number of moles of number of moles of BaSO4. Therefore the number
potassium iodide is equivalent to the number of of moles of CuSO4 is 1.602 104 mol. [1]
moles of I. d Only 10.00 cm3 of the original solution
25.0 (100.0 cm3) was used in the reaction, so the
no. moles of copper(II) nitrate = 0.100 number of moles of CuSO4 that were dissolved
1000
in water was 10.00 1.602 104 mol, i.e.
= 2.50 103 mol
15.0 1.602 103 mol. [1]
no. moles of potassium iodide = 0.500 e 0.4000 g of hydrated copper sulfate
1000
= 7.50 103 mol (CuSO4xH2O) contains 1.602 103 mol
From the ionic equation we can deduce that of CuSO4. The molar mass of CuSO4 is
twomoles of Cu(NO3)2 will react with four 159.62 g mol1. The mass of CuSO4 present in
moles of KI. Therefore 2.50 103 mol of the sample is 1.602 103 159.62, i.e. 0.2557 g
Cu(NO3)2 will react with 2 2.50 103, i.e. of CuSO4. The rest of the hydrated copper sulfate
5.00 103 mol of KI. The number of moles of is water. Therefore the mass of water present in
potassium iodide present is greater than this, so the sample is 0.4000 0.2557, i.e. 0.1443 g.
the KI is present in excess. 0.1443
[3] no. moles of water = = 8.008 103 mol
18.02
b We must use the number of moles of the limiting
ratio of no. moles of water to no. moles of CuSO4
reactant (Cu(NO3)2) for subsequent calculations.
From the chemical equation, 2 mol Cu2+ react to 8.008 103
= = 4.999
1.602 103
form 1 mol I2. Therefore 2.50 103 mol of
103 , i.e. This will be a whole number in the formula.
Cu(NO3)2 will react to form 2.50 2 Therefore the value of x is 5, and the formula is
1.25 103 mol I2.
CuSO45H2O. [3]
2 ANSWERS TO EXAMSTYLE QUESTIONS 1 CHEMISTRY FOR THE IB DIPLOMA CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014