Unit2chaptertour Joshuahanson
Unit2chaptertour Joshuahanson
Unit2chaptertour Joshuahanson
Learning Target I can analyze substances and describe how they are used as energy in the body.
Proficiency Descriptor Definition
4 Proficient I can analyze substances and describe how they are used as energy
in the body.
3 Developing I can sequence the events of cellular respiration glycolysis, the
citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain.
2 Basic I can interpret a diagram that sequences the process of cellular
respiration.
1 Minimal I can define the steps of cellular respiration.
0 No Evidence No evidence.
Chapter 2
Section 2.3 Chemical Constituents of Cells (p. 39-47)
Define:
Inorganic: include both carbon and hydrogen.
Organic: dissociate in water to release ions.
Carbohydrates: provide much of the energy that cells require.
Monosaccharides: sugars with 6 carbon atoms.
Disaccharides: two simple sugar building blocks.
Polysaccharides: many simple sugar units joined together.
Lipids: organic substances that are insoluble in water but soluble in certain organic solvents.
Triglyceride: three fatty acid molecules to produce one single fat
Phospholipid: just like glycerol portions only difference, it only has two fatty acid chains.
Steroid: complex structures that include four connected rings of carbon atoms.
Proteins: serve as structural materials, energy sources, or hormones.
Amino acids: building blocks of proteins.
Conformation: determines the function of a protein.
Nucleic Acids: form genes and take part in protein synthesis
Question:
How do inorganic and organic molecules differ?
Inorganic, when they dissociate they release energy, while when Organic dissociate they do not release
energy.
*Create a chart comparing the shape, function, example, monomer, polymer of the organic chemicals
in cells.
Muscle Movement.
Nervous Transmit
impulses for
coordination,
regulation,
integration, and
sensory
reception.
Chapter 4
Section 4.1-4.5 Cellular Metabolism (p. 76-83)
Define:
Enzymes: control each of the interrelated reactions of metabolism.
Anabolism: build up of larger molecules from smaller ones.
Catabolism: breakdown of larger molecules into smaller ones and release energy.
Dehydration synthesis: is a process that creates glycogen and carbohydrates
Hydrolysis: decomposes carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, and splits water molecules in the process.
Substrate: each enzyme acts only on a particular chemical.
Active site: place where part of the enzyme temporarily combines with proteins of the substrate
molecules.
Glycolysis: 6 carbon sugar glucose is broken down into two 3 carbon pyruvic acid molecules. 2 ATP
Citric acid cycle: the 3 carbon of one carbon and creates CO2 and i connected to a coenzyme to form
acetyl CoA. 2 ATP
Electron transport chain: what's left of the original glucose is stored in a series of enzymes. 32-34 ATP
ATP: chain of three chemical groups called phosphates.
Anaerobic: the breaking of glucose.
Aerobic: when there is an absence of oxygen it yields lactic acid and taps limited energy.
Metabolic pathway: sequence of enzyme-controlled reactions.
Question:
What is the general function of ATP?
To create energy for the cell.
What happens during glycolysis?
The 6-carbon sugar glucose gets broken down into two 3-carbon pyruvic acid. Creating 2 ATP
What is the role of oxygen in cellular respiration?
It is connected with two H to create H2O.
What are the final products of cellular respiration?
Co2, Heat, H2O, and ATP energy
How does cellular respiration represent a metabolic pathway?
It controls your actions.