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    The Armenian genocide refers to the systematic killing of Armenians living in the Ottoman Empire from 1915 to 1916. Approximately 1.5 million Armenians lived in the Ottoman Empire in 1915, and between 664,000 to 1.2 million were killed either in massacres or from ill treatment, exposure, and starvation. The Ottoman government aimed to eliminate the Armenian presence in eastern Anatolia to solidify Muslim Turkish dominance in the region. Mass deportations of Armenians began in spring 1915 from border regions and expanded to include almost all provinces, resulting in many deaths. The genocide had a significant impact and triggered a major humanitarian response in the United States.

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    The Armenian genocide refers to the systematic killing of Armenians living in the Ottoman Empire from 1915 to 1916. Approximately 1.5 million Armenians lived in the Ottoman Empire in 1915, and between 664,000 to 1.2 million were killed either in massacres or from ill treatment, exposure, and starvation. The Ottoman government aimed to eliminate the Armenian presence in eastern Anatolia to solidify Muslim Turkish dominance in the region. Mass deportations of Armenians began in spring 1915 from border regions and expanded to include almost all provinces, resulting in many deaths. The genocide had a significant impact and triggered a major humanitarian response in the United States.

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    The Armenian genocide refers to the systematic killing of Armenians living in the Ottoman Empire from 1915 to 1916. Approximately 1.5 million Armenians lived in the Ottoman Empire in 1915, and between 664,000 to 1.2 million were killed either in massacres or from ill treatment, exposure, and starvation. The Ottoman government aimed to eliminate the Armenian presence in eastern Anatolia to solidify Muslim Turkish dominance in the region. Mass deportations of Armenians began in spring 1915 from border regions and expanded to include almost all provinces, resulting in many deaths. The genocide had a significant impact and triggered a major humanitarian response in the United States.

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    78 views2 pages

    DBQ 6

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    The Armenian genocide refers to the systematic killing of Armenians living in the Ottoman Empire from 1915 to 1916. Approximately 1.5 million Armenians lived in the Ottoman Empire in 1915, and between 664,000 to 1.2 million were killed either in massacres or from ill treatment, exposure, and starvation. The Ottoman government aimed to eliminate the Armenian presence in eastern Anatolia to solidify Muslim Turkish dominance in the region. Mass deportations of Armenians began in spring 1915 from border regions and expanded to include almost all provinces, resulting in many deaths. The genocide had a significant impact and triggered a major humanitarian response in the United States.

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    Document 6

    THE ARMENIAN GENOCIDE (1915-16): OVERVIEW


    Sometimes called the first genocide of the twentieth century, the Armenian genocide
    refers to the physical annihilation of Armenian Christian people living in the Ottoman
    Empire from spring 1915 through autumn 1916. There were approximately 1.5 million
    Armenians living in the multiethnic Ottoman Empire in 1915. At least 664,000 and
    possibly as many as 1.2 million died during the genocide, either in massacres and
    individual killings, or from systematic ill treatment, exposure, and starvation.

    The origin of the term genocide and its codification in international law have their roots
    in the mass murder of Armenians in 191516. Lawyer Raphael Lemkin, the coiner of the
    word and later its champion at the United Nations, repeatedly stated that early exposure
    to newspaper stories about Ottoman crimes against Armenians was key to his beliefs
    about the need for legal protection of groups (a core element in the UN Genocide
    Convention of 1948).

    Ottoman authorities, supported by auxiliary troops and at times by civilians, perpetrated


    most of the persecution and mass killing. The Ottoman government, controlled by the
    Committee of Union and Progress (CUP; also called the Young Turks), aimed to solidify
    Muslim Turkish dominance in the regions of central and eastern Anatolia by eliminating
    the sizeable Armenian presence there.

    Mass atrocities and genocide are often perpetrated within the context of war. The
    destruction of the Armenians was closely linked to the events of World War I. Fearing
    that invading enemy troops would induce Armenians to join them, in spring 1915 the
    Ottoman government began the deportation of the Armenian population from its
    northeastern border regions. In the months that followed, the Ottomans expanded
    deportations from almost all provinces regardless of distance from combat zones.
    The victims of the Armenian genocide include people killed in local massacres that
    began in spring 1915; others who died during deportations, under conditions of
    starvation, dehydration, exposure, and disease; and Armenians who died in or en route
    to the desert regions of the southern Empire [today: northern and eastern Syria,
    northern Saudi Arabia, and Iraq]. In addition, tens of thousands of Armenian children
    were forcibly removed from their families and converted to Islam.

    US Ambassador to Constantinople Henry Morgenthau Sr. was deeply troubled by the


    atrocities committed against the Armenians and was among those who sought to rouse
    the world's conscience in response. The plight of the Armenians triggered an
    unprecedented public philanthropic response in the United States, involving President
    Woodrow Wilson, Hollywood celebrities, and many thousands of Americans at the
    grassroots level who volunteered both domestically and abroad and raised over $110
    million (over $1 billion adjusted for inflation) to assist Armenian refugees and orphans.

    The Armenian genocide cast a long shadow into the Holocaust era. Ambassador
    Morgenthau's son, Henry Morgenthau Jr., was secretary of the treasury in the
    administration of Franklin D. Roosevelt. In part due to his memories of the Armenian
    genocide, Morgenthau Jr. was a key advocate for the establishment of the War Refugee
    Board which rescued as many as 200,000 Jews from Nazi Europe. Perhaps most
    hauntingly, a novel about Armenian self-defense (Franz Werfel's The Forty Days of
    Musa Dagh) was secretly passed from hand-to-hand among Jews imprisoned in ghettos
    during the Holocaust, who saw in it an inspirational analogy to their plight and a call to
    resistance.

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