16/9/1999 ICS:91.160.10 EAOT EN 1838 EAAHNIKO NPOTYNO Sno) HELLENIC STANDARD “B alle AS Epapyoyés pwricpod - Owricyds aagahcias Lighting applications - Emergency lighting Kadgn TiwoAsynonc: 4 ©@EAOT EAAHNIKOE OPPANIEMOE TYMONOIHEHE AE. AXAPNON 313, 11145, A@fivaEAOT EN 1838 EOvuxés Mpédoyos Avré sivar ro Dido Exucipoons tov eykexpusévon Evpoxaixod Hporinov EN 1838 : 1999 ag EXdavixod Hporirov. To mpéruno avré duariQera ormy AyyAuci, Todi Teppavxr yhdeoa and tov EdAqvucé Opyavions Tuxoxoinoys AE. National Foreword This Endorsement Sheet ratifies the approval of European Standard EN 1838 : 1999 as a Hellenic Standard. ‘This standard is available in English, French or German from the Hellenic Organization for StandardizationEUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1838 NORME EUROPEENNE EUROPAISCHE NORM Apnil 13 ICS 91,160.10 English version Lighting applications - Emergency lighting Eclairagieme - Eclairage de secours ‘Angewandte Lichttechnik - Notbeleuchtung This European Standard was approved! by GEN on 22 March 1999. GEN members are bound to comply with the GEN/GENELEC Intemal Regulations wich stipulate the conditions for giving this European ‘Stancard the status of a national standara wihcut any alteration. Up-to-date Isis and bibiographical references concerning suct nalicnal Standards may be obtained on application to the Ganiral Secretariat or to any CEN member. ‘This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language mace by translation Under the responsibilty of a CEN member into ils own language and notified to the Cantral Secretariat has the same status as the official versions, CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, lreland, tay, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. 7m EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITE EUROPEEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPAISCHES KOMITEE FUR NORMUNG. art, 36 B+1050 Brussels ©1999CEN ni nights of expiotation in any farm and by any means reserved Ret. No. EN 1838-1999 E ‘worldwide for CEN national Members.Page 2 EN 1838:1999 Contents Page Foreword... = Introduction ©... ee 1 Scope ase Halo aeCal a a uae ol 2 Normative references Jae ae 3 Definitions . 4 Emergency secape ightng oes e sess ars 4.1 General. : eae 4.2 Escape route lighting... ees 4.3. Open area (anti-panic) lighting ets Z 4.4. High risk task area lighting eee 2 4.5 Stand-by lighting. eS ae : 5 Safety signs ee “ ‘Annex A. (normative) Luminance and illuminance measurements : é ‘Annex B (informative) Countries requiring different light levels ©... SE 10 Annex C (informative) Bibliography .....- OvVV9FS5 ee how nDPage 3 EN 1638:1999 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 169 "Light and lighting’, the secretariat of which is held gy DIN This European Standarc shail be given the status of a nationel standard, either 2y publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest oy October 1899, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest Dy October 1999. Agcording to the CEN/CENELEC intemal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. {tis intended to replace in part national standards relating to emergency lighting luminous requirements. It should be read in conjunction with the standards being produced by CEN/TC 169 WG7 "Measurement and presentation of photometric data" and in conjunction with prEN 50172 “Emergency escape lighting systems". Usets of this EN, prepared in the field of application of Anicie 118 A of the EC Treaty, should be aware that standards have no formal legal relationship with Directives which may have been made under Article 118 A of the Treaty. In addition, national legislation in the Member states may contain more stringent requirements than the minimum requirements of a Directive based on Article 118 A. Information on the relationship between the national legislation implementing Directives based on Articla 118 A and this EN may be given in a national foreword of the national standard implementing this EN. Introduction Emergency lighting is provided for use when the supply to the normal lighting fails and is therefore powered from a source independent of that supplying the normal lighting. For the purposes of this standard emergency lighting is regarded as a generic term of which there are a number of specific forms, as shown in figure 1 Emergency lighting Emergency escape Standby lighting lighting Escape route lighting Open area iighting High risk task area lighting Figure 1; Specific forms of emergency lighting The requirements given in this standard are a minimum for design purposes and are calculated for the full rated duration period and end of design life of the equipment; the contribution to illumination by retlected light is ignored, ‘The overall objective of emergency escape lighting is to enable safe exit from a location in the event of failure of the normal supply. The objective of escape route lighting is to enable the safe exit from a location for occupants by providing appropriate visual conditions and direction finding on escape routes and in special locations, and to ensure that fire figitting and safety equipment can be readily located and used, ‘The objective of open area (anti-panic) lighting is to reduce the likelihood of panic and to enable safe movement of occupants towards escape roves by providing appropriate visual conditions and direction finding. The flow of tight for escane routes or open areas should be downward to the working plane but illumination should also be provided to any obstruction up to 2 m height above that plane. The objective at high risk task area lighting is to contribute to the safety of people involved in a potentially dangerous process or situation and to enable proper shut down procedures to be carried out for the safety of other occupants of the location.Page 4 EN 1838:1999 ‘There are emerging techniques that when applied to escape routes in addition to conventional emergency lighting luminaires can enhance thelr effectiveness in an emergency. These techniques are not included In this standard, Vision varies from person to person, both by the amount of light required to perceive an object clearly and in the time taken to adapt to changes in the illuminance. In general, older people need more light and take a longer time to adapt to low illuminance on a hazard or escape route. Much anxiety and confusion can be alleviated by strategically placed signs indicating the way out of a location. It is very important that exits are clearly signposted and are visible, whenever the location is occupied. 1 Scope This standard specifies the luminous requirements for emergency lighting systems installed in premises or locations where such systems are required. It is principally applicabie to locations where the public or workers have access. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited in the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 60598-2-22 Luminaires — Part 2-22: Particular requirements — Luminaires for emergency lighting (EC 60598-2-22:1997,moditied) prEN 50172 Emergency escape lighting systems ISO 9864 ; 1984 Safety colours and safety signs IEC 50 - Chapter 845 Intemational Electrotechnical Vocabulary - Chapter 845:Lighting 3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard the following definitions apply: 3.1_ emergency lighting: Lighting provided for use when the supply to the normal lighting falls. [IEC 50 - Chapter 845) 3.2 escape route: A route designated for escape in the event of an emergency. 3.3 emergency escape lighting: That part of emergency lighting that provides illumination for the safety of people leaving a location or attempting to terminate a potentially dangerous process before doing so. 3.4 escape route lighting: That part of emergency escape lighting provided to ensure that the means of escape can be effectively identified and safely used when the location is occupied. 3.5 open area lighting (in some countries known as anti-panic lighting): That part of emergency escape lighting provided to avoid panic and provide illumination allowing people to reach @ place Where an escape route can be identified, 3.6 high risk task area lighting: That part of emergency escape lighting that provides illumination for the safety of people involved in a potentially dangerous process or situation and to enable proper shut down procedures for the safety of the operator and other occupants of the premises. 4.7. stand-by lighting: That part of emergency lighting provided to enable normal activities to continue substantially unchanged, [IEC 50 - Chapter 845) 3.8 emergency exit: A way out that is intended to be used during an emergency, 3.9. safety sign: A sign which gives « general safety message, obtained by 8 combination of colour and geometric shape and which, by the addition of a graphic symbol of text, gives 2 particular safety message. [ISO 3864 : 1984] 3.10 externally illuminated safety sign: A sign that is iluminated, when it is required, by an external source.Page 5 EN 1838:1999 3.11 internally illuminated safety sign: 4 sign that is liluminated, when it's required, by an intemal source. 4 Emergency escape lighting 4.1 General To provide visibility tor evacuation purposes lighting is required in the volume of the space. in this standard the recommendation is futfiled by the mounting of luminaires at least 2 m above the floor. Signs which are provided at all exits intended to be used in an emergency and along escape routes shall be illuminated to indicate unambiguously the route of escape to a point of safety. Whore diract sight of an emergency exit is not possible, an illuminated directional sign (or series of signs) shall be provided to assist progression towards the emergency exit An escape lighting luminaire complying with EN 60598-2-22 shall be sited to provide appropriate illuminance near each exit door and at positions where it is necessary to emphasize potential danger or safety equipment. The positions to be emphasized shall include the following: a) at each exit door intended to be used in an emergency; b) near (sae note) stairs so that each flight of stairs receives direct light; ©) near (see note) any other change in level; ) mandatory emergency exits and safety sign: ) at each change of direttion; {) at each intersection of corridors; 9) outside and near to each final ex h) near (see note) each tirst ald post; 1) near (gee note) each piece of fire fighting equipment and call point. Positions denoted as h) or i) if not on the escape route nor in an open area shall be illuminated to § Ix minimum on the floor. NOTE: For the purposes of this clause ‘near’ is normally considered to be within 2 m measured horizontally. 4.2 Escape route lighting 4.2.1 For escape routes up to 2 m in width, the horizontal illuminances on the floor along the centre line of an escape route shall be not less than 1 Ix and the central band consisting of not less than haif of the width of the route shall be illuminated to a minimum of 50 % of that value. NOTE 1: Wider escape routes can be treated as a number af 2 m wide strips or be provided {anti-panic) lighting. NOTE 2: Countries requiring different lighting levels are given in annex B, open area 4.2.2 The ratio of the maximum to the minimum illuminance shall not be greater than 40:1 along the centre line of the escape route, 4.23 Disability glare shall be kept low by limiting the luminous intensity of the luminaires within the field of view. For level horizontal escape routes the luminous intensity of the luminaires shall not exceed the values in table 1 within the zone 60° to 90° from the downward vertical at all angles of azimuth (see figure 2) For all other escape routes and areas, the limiting values shall not be exceeded at all angles (see figure 3). 1 glare zone Figure 2Page 6 EN 1838:1999 1 glare zone main problem wili be cisabilty glare, in which the Dighiness of the luminaires can dazzie and prevent ‘obstructions or signs being seen. Table 1: Disability glare limits ‘Mounting height above floor level | Escape route and open area (anti- High risk task area lighting anig) lighting maximum luminous | maximum luminous intensity la, m cd od he< 25 500 + 1000 25s h« 30 900 1.800 30< h< 35 1600 3200 35 < h< 40 2 500 5 000 40s h< 45 3 500 7-000 h2 45 5 000 10 000 4.2.4 In order to identify safety colours the minimum value for the colour rendering index R, from a lamp shall be 40. ‘The luminaire shall not substantially subtract from this, 4.2.5 The minimum curation of the illumination of the emergency escape lighting allowed for escape purpases shall be 1h. 4.2.6 The emergency escape route lighting shall reach 50 % of the required illuminance level within 5 $ and full required illuminance within 60 s. Compliance with clauses 4.2.1 to 4.2.4 and 4.2.6 can be checked by measurement or by comparison with authenticated data from a supplier. 4.3 Open area (anti-panic) lighting 4.3.4 The horizontal iliuminance shall be not less than 0,5 lx al the floor level of the empty core area which excludes 2 border of 0,5 m of the perimeter of the area, 4.8.2 The ralio of the maximum to the minimum ant-panic area lighting illuminance shall not be greater thar 40:1 4.3.3 Disability glare shall be kept low by limiting the luminous intensity of the luminaires within the field of view. These shall not exceed the values in Table 1 within the zone 60° to 90° fram the downward vertical at all angles of azimuth (see figure 3),Page 7 EN 1898:1999 4.3.4 In order to identify safety colours, the minimum value for the colour rendering index The luminaire shall not substantially subtract from this. fom a jamp shall be 40. 4.3.5 The minimum duration allowed for escape purposes shall be th 4.3.6 The anti-panic area lighting shall reach 50 % of the requited illuminance within 5 5 and full required illuminance jithin 80 s. Compliance with clauses 4.3.1 to 4.3.4 and 4.3.6 can be checked by measurement or by comparison with authenticated data from a supplier. 4.4 High risk task area lighting 4.4.1 In areas of high risk the maintained illuminance on the reference plane shall be not less than 10 % of the required maintained illuminance for that task, however it shall be not less than 15 Ix, It shall be free of harmful stroboscopic effects, 4.4.2 The uniformity of the high risk task areal lighting illuminance shall be not less than 0,1 4.4.3 Disability glare shall be kept low by limiting the luminaus intensity of the luminaires within the field of view. These shall not exceed the values in Tabie 1 within the zone 60° to 90° from the downward vertical at all angles of azimuth. 4.4.4 In order to identity safety colours, the minimum value for the colour rendering index R, of a lamp shall be 40, The luminaire shall not substantially subtract from this. 4.4.5 The minimum duration shall be the period for which the risk exists to people 4.4.6 High risk task area lighting shall provide the full required illuminance permanently or within 0,5 s depending upon, application. Compliance with clauses 4.4.1 to 4.4.4 and 4.4.6 can be checked by measurement or by comparison with authenticated data from a supplier. 4.5 Stand-by lighting When stand-by lighting is used for emergency escape lighting purposes it shall comply with the relevant requirements of this standard. Where a stand-by lighting level lower than the minimum normal lighting is employed, the lighting is to be used only to ‘shut down or terminate processes. 5 Safety signs Safety signs for emergency escape and first aid signs shall meet the following requirements: NOTE: Attention is drawn to the requirement for the format of the sign boards for safety signs specified in the Council Directive 92/58/EEC of 24 June 1982 on tne minimum requirements for provision of safety and/or health signs at work. 5.1. Satety signs shall be illuminated to at least 50 % of the required luminance within 5 s and full required luminance within 60 s. 5.2 The colours shall conform to the requirements of ISO 3864, 5.3. The luminance of any area of safety colour of the sign shall be at ieast 2 cd/m’ in all relavant viewing directions (see annex A).Page 8 EN 1838:1999 5.4 The ratio of the maximum to the minimum luminance within either white or the safety colour shall be not greater than 10:1 : NOTE: High variation of adjacent points should be avoided. 5.5 The ratio of the luminance Lyme to the luminance Lj. Shall be not less than 5:1 and not greater than 15:1 (see annex A). 5.6 As an internally illuminated sign is discemible at a greater distance than an extemally illuminated sign of the same size the maximum viewing distance (see figure 4) shall be determined by use of the following equation: d-s-p a) where dis the viewing distance; the height of the pictogram: ‘S18 @ Constant: 100 for externally illuminated signs; 200 for intemally illuminated signs. Figure 4: Viewing DistancePage 9 EN 1898:1999 Annex A (normative) Luminance and illuminance measurements A.1 Luminance measurements of signs Luminances are measured normal to the surface over a 10 mm diameter patch for each coloured surtace of the sign.The minimum and maximum luminance is measured over the areas of each colour.For the coloured background a 10 mm wide outer border is excluded from the measurements. In order to determine the luminance ratio between two adjacent colours the luminance measurement should be taken at 2 distance of 15 mm on either side of the junction of the two colours. A search shall be made for the maximum and minimum ratios. If the area of colour is less than 30 mm the patch size shall be reduced For safety signs with a shortest side less than 100 mm the diameter of the patch size and the width of the excluded border shall be reduced to not less than 10 % of that shortest side. Figure A.1: Typical example of measurement positions A.2 Instrumentation for site measurement All illuminance measurements shall be made with a cosine photopic V(2) - corrected m measurements shall be made with a photopic (A) ~ corrected meter and all luminance The meter shall have an error tolerance not exceeding 10 %. The measurement may be taken up to 20 mm height above the floor.Page 10 EN 1838:1999 Annex B (informative) Countries requiring different light levels ‘Acdeviation: National deviation due to regulations, the alteration of which is for the time being outside the ‘competence of the CEN/CENELEC: member. This European Standard does not fall under any Directive of the EC. In the relevant CEN/CENELEC countries these A-deviations are valid instead of the provisions of the European ‘Standard until they have been removed. Clause Deviation 1 France’) Certified products are mandatory with defined performances. Illuminance and luminance design principles are not used 4 aly’) For cinemas, theatres and similar locations the minimum illuminance level measured at 1m ‘above the floor shall be 5 lx in proximity to the stairs and Exit daors. A minimum iflurninance of 2 ix is required along escape routes. Where defined illuminance levels are required by law, they shall not be considered as design values but actual measured values including reflectance and available when emergency lighting is required. 44 France’) g), fh) and |) are not included in the French requirements. 42 France’) On escape routes, certified emergency luminaires must be installed with a spacing of not more than 15 m (30 m in schools). 424 Ireland (8.1. No. 497 of 1997) 1.8. 3217 : 1989 "Code of Practice for Emergency Lighting’. Clause 4.2.1 Defined escape routes. The horizontal illuminance at floor level on the centre line of a clearly defined escape route shall be not less than 0,5 Ix. United Kingdom (SI No. 1065, S! No. 2179, SI No. 1709) BS 5266: Parl 1: 1988 "Emergency Lighting”. Clause 4.2.1 Defined escape routes. The horizontal luminance at floor level on the centre line of @ defined escape route should be not less than 0,2 Ix. In addition for escape routes up to 2 m wide 50 % of the route width should be lit to a minimum of 0,1 Ix. Wider escape routes can be treated as a number of 2 m wide bands. ') The deviations from France are based on the following national regulations: Raglement de sécurité contre incendie dans les ERP, arrété du 25 juin 1980 modifie, livre I, chapitre VIll, section Ii Arrété du 10 novembre 1976 relatit aux circuits et installations de sécurité dans les établissements soumis au code du travail, *) The deviation trom italy is based on the following national regulations: Decree of the Ministry of the Interior did, 1986-02-01 (Garages) Decree of the Ministry of Transport dd, 1988-01-11 (Underground) Decree of the Ministry of the Interior dtd. 1992-08-26 (Schools) Decree of the Ministry of the Interior dtd. 1994-04-09 (Hotels) Decree of the Ministry of the Interior dtd. 1996-03-18 (Sport premises} Decree of the Ministry of the Interior dtd. 1996-08-19 (Cinemas, theatres and pubt'c entertainment)42.6/4.3.6 426 43 44 General Page 11 EN 1898:1999 Germany (§ 7 Abs. 4 der Arbeitsstiittenverordnung und der Arbeitsstatten-Richtlinie ASR 7/4) The period between the failure of the ncrmal lighting when the olectric supply faits and the reaching of the required illuminance shail last not longer than 15 5. Ireland (S.1. No. 497 of 1997) LS. 3217 : 1989 "Code of Practice for Emergency Lighting’. Ciause 4.2.6 Response time. The ‘emergency lighting specified in this code should be provided within 5 s of the failure of the normal lighting supply. United Kingdom (SI No. 1065, S! No. 2179, SI No. 1709) BS 5266: Part 1: 1968 "Emergency Lighting’. Clause 4.2.6 Response time. The emergency lighting detailed in this code should be provided within 5 s of the failure of the normal lightin supply, but at the discretion of the enforcing authority this period can be extended to a may mum of 15 s in premises likely to be occupied for the most part by persons who are familiar with them and the escape routes. France *) Certified emergency lighting products must provide 5 nvm? of floor area. To achieve adequate Uniformity, the luminaire must be spaced less than 4 times their mounting height (with minimum two products in a room). France *) These categories are not included in the French requirements which are risk based, France *) The French regulation refers to the French Standard NF 08-003 (or other European countries equivalent standards). France*) The photometric approach with illuminance is not used in building open to the public and in work places United Kingdom (SI No. 1129, SI No. 1125) GP 1007 : 1955 “Maintained lighting for cinemas". Clause 322 y see footnotsPage 12 EN 1836:1999 Annex C (informative) Bibliography prEN 12665 ‘Lighting applications — Basic terms and criteria for specifying lighting requirements prEN 12193 Lighting applications ~ Sports lighting CEN/TC169/WG 6 Lighting applications — Tunnel lighting prEN 19032-1 Lighting applications ~ Measurement and presentation af photometric data of lamps and luminaires - Par 1 : Measurement 10 6309 Fire protection — Sately signs