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    1.bit Stuffing

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    vinay
    This document summarizes an experiment on the bit stuffing protocol in data link layer. It explains that bit stuffing prevents flag patterns from occurring within data frames by inserting an extra bit if a data stream contains a series of 1s. The experiment is implemented in Matlab. It takes input data, checks for consecutive 1s, inserts stuffed bits if needed, and outputs the modified data string with the extra bits added. The result demonstrates that bit stuffing successfully prevents the flag pattern from appearing within the data frames.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    1.bit Stuffing

    Uploaded by

    vinay
    153 views3 pages
    This document summarizes an experiment on the bit stuffing protocol in data link layer. It explains that bit stuffing prevents flag patterns from occurring within data frames by inserting an extra bit if a data stream contains a series of 1s. The experiment is implemented in Matlab. It takes input data, checks for consecutive 1s, inserts stuffed bits if needed, and outputs the modified data string with the extra bits added. The result demonstrates that bit stuffing successfully prevents the flag pattern from appearing within the data frames.

    Original Description:

    bit stuffing protocol practical with example

    Original Title

    1.Bit Stuffing

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    This document summarizes an experiment on the bit stuffing protocol in data link layer. It explains that bit stuffing prevents flag patterns from occurring within data frames by inserting an extra bit if a data stream contains a series of 1s. The experiment is implemented in Matlab. It takes input data, checks for consecutive 1s, inserts stuffed bits if needed, and outputs the modified data string with the extra bits added. The result demonstrates that bit stuffing successfully prevents the flag pattern from appearing within the data frames.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    153 views3 pages

    1.bit Stuffing

    Uploaded by

    vinay
    This document summarizes an experiment on the bit stuffing protocol in data link layer. It explains that bit stuffing prevents flag patterns from occurring within data frames by inserting an extra bit if a data stream contains a series of 1s. The experiment is implemented in Matlab. It takes input data, checks for consecutive 1s, inserts stuffed bits if needed, and outputs the modified data string with the extra bits added. The result demonstrates that bit stuffing successfully prevents the flag pattern from appearing within the data frames.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Experiment No.

    1
    Aim: To study the mechanism of Bit Stuffing Protocol of Data Link Layer.
    Software: Matlab
    Theory:
    One of the function of data link layer is Data Link Control and to implement it, mechanism
    of framing is used. Bit synchronization is implemented at physical layer to ensure that the sender
    and receiver use the same bit durations and timing. While data link layer, pack bits into frames, so
    that each frame is distinguishable from another. Framing in the data link layer separates a message
    from one source to a destination, by adding a sender address and a destination address. The
    destination address defines where the packet is to go; the sender address helps the recipient
    acknowledge the receipt. When a message is divided into smaller frames, a single-bit error affects
    only that small frame.
    Following diagram shows the frame structure incorporated in Data Link Layer:
    Flag

    Address

    Control

    Data

    Checksum

    Flag

    Entire data which is to be sent is divided into such smaller frames. In order to distinguish
    each frame from another, an 8 bit flag pattern is added at the start and end of each frame. One of the
    common pattern used for flag is '0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0'.
    But sometimes it may happen that pattern used for flag could also be part of information. In
    such case receiver while reading the data, assumes that this is the flag pattern and this is the end of
    frame.
    In such scenario, we need to somehow inform the receiver that this is not the end of the
    frame. One of the method to implement this is by stuffing 1 single bit to prevent the pattern from
    looking like a flag. The strategy is called 'Bit Stuffing'. In bit stuffing, if a 0 and five consecutive 1
    bits are encountered, an extra 0 is added. This extra stuffed bit is eventually removed from the data
    by the receiver. The extra bit is added after one 0 followed by five 1s regardless of the value of the
    next bit. This guarantees that the flag field sequence does not inadvertently appear in the frame.
    Following example will clear the idea of bit stuffing:

    Flow Chart:

    Code:
    clc;
    clear all;
    close all;
    b=input('please enter the data');
    c=length(b);
    for i=1:1:length(b)
    x=0;
    if (b(i)==0)
    h=i;
    for g=1:1:5
    h=h+1;
    if (h>c)
    break;
    else if (b(h)==1)
    x=x+1
    end
    end
    if (x==5)
    u=[b(1:h) 0 b(h+1:c)];
    b=u
    l=length(b)
    c=l;
    end
    end
    end
    end
    Result:
    please enter the data[0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0]
    b=
    Columns 1 through 16
    0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
    Columns 17 through 21
    1 1 1 0 0

    l=
    21
    b=
    Columns 1 through 16
    0 1 1 1 1 1
    Columns 17 through 22
    1 1 1 0 0 0

    l=
    22
    Conclusion:
    In this practical, we have used bit stuffing protocol at the transmitter side to avoid the
    false detection flag in the received data bits at the receiver side.

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