Distance Formula
Distance Formula
Distance Formula
The formula
, which is used to find the
distance between two points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2), is called the
Distance Formula.
.
= 10 units.
Distance Formula
Slope Formula
Midpoint Formula
Coordinate Proofs
The coordinate proof is a proof of a geometric theorem which uses "generalized" points on the
Cartesian Plane to make an argument.
The method usually involves assigning variables to the coordinates of one or more points, and
then using these variables in the midpoint or distance formulas.
For example, the following is a coordinate proof of the Triangle Midsegment Theorem, which
states that the segment connecting the midpoints of two sides of a triangle is parallel to the third
side and exactly half the length.
Without loss of generality, we can assume that one side of the triangle lies on the x-axis with one
vertex at (0, 0) and the other vertex at (a, 0).
Let the third vertex have the coordinates (b, c). We can assume without loss of generality that
this third vertex lies in the first quadrant. (If it doesn't, you can just reflect the triangle over the xand/or y-axis until it does.)
To Prove:
is parallel to
and
Proof:
Using the midpoint formula, the coordinates of the midpoints X and Y are
So,
is parallel to
So,
COORDINATE PROOF
When developing a coordinate geometry proof:
1. draw and label the graph
2. state the formulas you will be using
3. show ALL work (if you are using your graphing
calculator, be sure to show your screen displays as part of your
work.)
Question #1
Prove that quadrilateral A(1,2), B(2,5), C(5,7) and D(4,4) is a parallelogramby using
slopes.
Slope formula:
slope of
slope of
slope of
slope of
Question #2
Prove that A(1,1), B(4,4), C(6,2) are the vertices of a right triangle.
Slope formula:
slope of
slope of
Question #3
Question #4
slope of
midpoint of
slope of
slope of
midpoint of
Question #5
Parallel lines have equal slopes.
ABCD
is not
Question
#6 an isosceles trapezoid because the legs are not of equal length.
AB = CD = BC = AD making the opposite
sides congruent as well as all sides
Prove that A(4,-1), B(5,6), C(1,3) is an isosceles
right triangle.
congruent.
ABCD is a parallelogram because its
opposite sides are congruent.
ABCD is a rhombus because it is a
parallelogram with all sides congruent.
Distance Formula
Question #7
Guinevere and Lancelot see a drawing of quadrilateral ABCD, A(2,2), B(5,-2), C(9,1)
and D(6,5).
Guinevere says the figure is a rhombus, but not a square. Lancelot says the figure is a square.
Write a proof to show who is making the correct observation.
Distance Formula
Slope Formula
slope of
slope of
So,
ABCD is a square because it is a parallelogram with a right angle and all sides are congruent.
Lancelot is correct!
Midpoint
Definition Of Midpoint
Midpoint of a line segment is the point that is halfway between the endpoints of the line
segment.
Examples Of Midpoint
is a line segment with end points A (- 2, - 4) and B (4, - 4). Find the
coordinates of the midpoint of
.
Ques:
Choices:
A. (1, - 4)
B. (- 1, 4)
C. (1, 4)
D. (- 1, - 4)
Correct Answer: A
Solution: