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    Field Work No 2 Surveying

    Uploaded by

    Ralph Galvez
    This document provides instructions for taping distances on level and uneven ground. It describes using range poles, chalk, plumb bobs, and a 50m tape to measure distances by stretching the tape between points and inserting pins every 10m. Distances are calculated based on the number of pins and tallies. Sources of error and ways to reduce them are discussed. An example calculates the distance between points as 3510m based on 9 pebbles and 3 pins held, assuming each tape length is 30m. Careful horizontal taping and following procedures is emphasized for accuracy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Field Work No 2 Surveying

    Uploaded by

    Ralph Galvez
    819 views8 pages
    This document provides instructions for taping distances on level and uneven ground. It describes using range poles, chalk, plumb bobs, and a 50m tape to measure distances by stretching the tape between points and inserting pins every 10m. Distances are calculated based on the number of pins and tallies. Sources of error and ways to reduce them are discussed. An example calculates the distance between points as 3510m based on 9 pebbles and 3 pins held, assuming each tape length is 30m. Careful horizontal taping and following procedures is emphasized for accuracy.

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    TOTAL STATION

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    This document provides instructions for taping distances on level and uneven ground. It describes using range poles, chalk, plumb bobs, and a 50m tape to measure distances by stretching the tape between points and inserting pins every 10m. Distances are calculated based on the number of pins and tallies. Sources of error and ways to reduce them are discussed. An example calculates the distance between points as 3510m based on 9 pebbles and 3 pins held, assuming each tape length is 30m. Careful horizontal taping and following procedures is emphasized for accuracy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    819 views8 pages

    Field Work No 2 Surveying

    Uploaded by

    Ralph Galvez
    This document provides instructions for taping distances on level and uneven ground. It describes using range poles, chalk, plumb bobs, and a 50m tape to measure distances by stretching the tape between points and inserting pins every 10m. Distances are calculated based on the number of pins and tallies. Sources of error and ways to reduce them are discussed. An example calculates the distance between points as 3510m based on 9 pebbles and 3 pins held, assuming each tape length is 30m. Careful horizontal taping and following procedures is emphasized for accuracy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 8

    [TAPING ON LEVEL AND ON UNEVEN GROUND]

    FIELD WORK NO. 2


    TAPING ON LEVEL AND ON UNEVEN GROUND
    OBJECTIVES:
    1. To develop the skills of taping the distance on a level ground
    where the tape is fully supported by the ground.
    2. To acquire the skills of taping the distance on an uneven
    ground where the tape is only supported at the ends .
    3. To to apply the value of excellence and patience measuring
    on level ground.

    INSTRUMENTS NEEDED:

    Qty. Materia
    l

    2
    pcs.

    Illustration

    description
    A range pole, which
    may also be called a
    lining pole, is a pole
    painted with
    alternating stripes of
    different colors in
    consistent widths
    used often to site
    measurements. The
    tool may be a
    common one for
    surveyors, where
    the colors for the
    stripes are usually
    red and white or red
    and yellow. The

    Range
    Poles

    [TAPING ON LEVEL AND ON UNEVEN GROUND]

    3
    pcs.

    Chalk

    2
    Pcs.

    Plumb
    bobs

    colors are picked


    based on their
    visibility. One end of
    the pole will
    typically have either
    a pointed tip or
    gripping shoe to aid
    in standing it on
    edge. Longer range
    poles may be
    equipped with a
    tripod or stand.
    is a soft, white,
    porous sedimentary
    rock, a form of
    limestone composed
    of the mineral
    calcite. This is used
    in marking
    measurements on
    ground.
    A plumb bob is a
    tool used to ensure
    that a building
    structure like a door
    frame or a shelving
    support is as vertical
    as possible. It is also
    used to measure if
    an object is placed
    directly under a
    point above it, such
    as placing a shower
    drain relative to

    [TAPING ON LEVEL AND ON UNEVEN GROUND]

    1 pc.

    some point on the


    ceiling, or putting
    something right
    under a lighting
    fixture.
    A tape measure or
    measuring tape is a
    flexible form of ruler.
    It consists of a
    ribbon of cloth,
    plastic, fiber glass,
    or metal strip with
    linear-measurement
    markings. It is a
    common measuring
    tool. Its flexibility
    allows for a measure
    of great length to be
    easily carried in
    pocket or toolkit and
    permits one to
    measure around
    curves or corners.
    Today it is
    ubiquitous, even
    appearing in
    miniature form as a
    keychain fob, or
    novelty item.
    Surveyors use tape
    measures in lengths
    of over 100 m
    (300+ ft).

    50
    meter
    tape

    [TAPING ON LEVEL AND ON UNEVEN GROUND]

    PROCEDURE:
    A) Taping on a plain level ground
    1. The professor assigns the accessible and unobstructed
    course to be measured by the student on the level
    ground.
    2. The chief of the party marks the end points by a chalk if it
    ison pavement or by a 3 common wire nail(c.w. nail) if it
    is on soft ground and designates it as end points A and B.
    3. A range pole man holds the pole vertically and steadily
    during the entire taping procedure at B to keep the
    complete taping process aligned and straightened
    4. A 10-meter tape is stretched out on the ground on the
    straight path along A to B where the 0-end is held ahead.
    The rear tape man is responsible for giving the signal to
    the front tape man if his path is straight. While the front
    tapeman is responsible to pull the tape taut once the tape
    is aligned already.
    5. The Front tapeman gets a pin and sticks it vertically to the
    ground exactly opposite to the )-meter mark of the tape.
    6. Rear Tapeman holds one pin and the rest of the pins(10
    pins) are held by front taper man.
    7. Both the Front and the rear tapeman lift simultaneously
    the tape and move forward along the tape A B to measure
    the next tape length.
    8. The procedure 4-6 is repeated to complete the next tape
    length measurement.
    9. Repeat the same process until the pins being held by the
    front tapeman have been used up which signifies one
    tally( 1tally= 10 tape lengths).
    10. Repeat the same procedure if more than one tally is
    needed
    11. Upon reaching point B the partial length must be
    measured accurately up to centimeters by the rear

    [TAPING ON LEVEL AND ON UNEVEN GROUND]

    tapeman while in front of tapeman is holding the 0-mark


    at B.
    12. The number of small pebbles in the rear tapemans
    pocket now indicates the number of tallies made and the
    number of pins in his possession indicates the number of
    additional tapelengths.
    13. The course is measured back and forth to complete
    number of trials required by the professor.

    COMPUTATIONS:
    A)
    No. of tallies = pebbles
    B)
    No. of tapelegths =(No of tallies)*10 +no. of pins
    C)
    Length of the course AB= (No of Tapelengths)x(length of one
    tapelength) +partial length of the tape.

    QUESTIONS and PROBLEMS


    1. What are the different sources of taping errors?
    Different sources of taping errors are; first, the uneven
    ground. Second the uneven level of the tape(tape is not
    perfectly horizontal).Third not walking in a straight path.
    Fourth, lack of teamwork and lastly the tardiness sometimes
    others are making this work a shortcut.

    [TAPING ON LEVEL AND ON UNEVEN GROUND]

    2. Discuss the different ways to lessen them or fully eliminate


    taping errors.
    Different ways are first, start slowly and accurately use the
    plumb bobs always and base the plum bobs as the main
    point and carefully mark it with a chalk. And also look as
    much as possible the tape is at perfect horizontal position.
    3. What is the total length of the course XY if the Rear tapeman holds exactly holds 9pebbles and 3 pins after
    measuring the course XY? Assume that one tape length is
    30m.
    Total length XY=(117)X(30) +0
    Distance =3,510

    Final Data Sheet


    A)Taping on level ground
    Tri
    al
    1
    2
    3

    Lin
    e
    AB
    BC
    CD

    No. of
    No. Of
    tally pins
    1
    4
    1
    3
    1
    4

    Partial Tape
    length
    3m
    5m
    6m

    ILLUSTRATION

    ComputedDistance
    73m
    65m
    76m

    Mean distance

    [TAPING ON LEVEL AND ON UNEVEN GROUND]

    Legend:
    A-B = 73 meters
    B-C = 65 meters
    C-D = 76 meters

    A-1 = 42meters
    33meters

    C-2 =

    B-1 = 31 meters
    meters

    C-3 = 42

    B-2 = 32meters
    meters

    D-3 = 42

    [TAPING ON LEVEL AND ON UNEVEN GROUND]

    CONCLUSION
    Based on my own observation to get more accurate
    results you need look the tape carefully and ensure that it
    is in horizontal position. There is a definite procedure to
    be followed in measuring the distance between two
    points. The person moving ahead or away from the
    instrument is called the head chainman. The head
    chainman takes the zero end of the tape or the end of the
    tape with the graduated foot, and moves on the line
    toward the distance point..As an additional information
    we must also apply the value of patience in making the
    task because the location is outside so expect extreme
    heat or rain. We need to be patient and follow all the
    procedures carefully to make the measurement accurate.

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