Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 479 views

    Learn Sanskrit - Module - 1a - Round-6 PDF

    Uploaded by

    Jayashree Sivaraman
    This document provides an overview of the Sanskrit alphabet. It notes that Sanskrit is the most ancient language of India and the mother of many modern Indian languages. The alphabet is written using the Devanagari script and consists of vowels, consonants, and other letters. It describes the various consonant groups based on the part of the mouth used to pronounce them. The document categorizes the letters as soft or hard consonants and unstressed or stressed consonants. It provides the Sanskrit names for each letter and the phonetic representation of the sounds they represent.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Learn Sanskrit - Module - 1a - Round-6 PDF

    Uploaded by

    Jayashree Sivaraman
    479 views5 pages
    This document provides an overview of the Sanskrit alphabet. It notes that Sanskrit is the most ancient language of India and the mother of many modern Indian languages. The alphabet is written using the Devanagari script and consists of vowels, consonants, and other letters. It describes the various consonant groups based on the part of the mouth used to pronounce them. The document categorizes the letters as soft or hard consonants and unstressed or stressed consonants. It provides the Sanskrit names for each letter and the phonetic representation of the sounds they represent.

    Original Title

    LEARN SANSKRIT-- MODULE--1A--ROUND-6.pdf

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document provides an overview of the Sanskrit alphabet. It notes that Sanskrit is the most ancient language of India and the mother of many modern Indian languages. The alphabet is written using the Devanagari script and consists of vowels, consonants, and other letters. It describes the various consonant groups based on the part of the mouth used to pronounce them. The document categorizes the letters as soft or hard consonants and unstressed or stressed consonants. It provides the Sanskrit names for each letter and the phonetic representation of the sounds they represent.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    479 views5 pages

    Learn Sanskrit - Module - 1a - Round-6 PDF

    Uploaded by

    Jayashree Sivaraman
    This document provides an overview of the Sanskrit alphabet. It notes that Sanskrit is the most ancient language of India and the mother of many modern Indian languages. The alphabet is written using the Devanagari script and consists of vowels, consonants, and other letters. It describes the various consonant groups based on the part of the mouth used to pronounce them. The document categorizes the letters as soft or hard consonants and unstressed or stressed consonants. It provides the Sanskrit names for each letter and the phonetic representation of the sounds they represent.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5
    At a glance
    Powered by AI
    The document discusses the organization and structure of the Sanskrit alphabet.

    The Sanskrit alphabet is divided into vowels and consonants. The consonants are further divided into five groups based on the part of the mouth used in pronunciation.

    The consonants are categorized as unstressed, stressed, nasal and sibilant consonants based on their pronunciation characteristics.

    .

    co

    LEARN SANSKRIT -- MODULE-1A

    .in

    .
    . .
    . .
    

    Dr. Y.N. RAO

    ho
    o

    THE SANSKRIT ALPHABET -- s<Skt v[Rmala

    do
    cto

    ry

    nr
    ao

    @
    ya

    1.1. The Sansrit Language is the most ancient language of India.


    The first ever available literature of this countryThe Vedas were
    written in this language. It is the mother of almost all the Indian
    Languages. While all the Modern Indian Languages under the IndoAryan Language Family are the direct descendants of the Sanskrit
    Language, the four South Indian Languages, viz., Tamil, Telugu,
    Kannada and Malayalam under the Indo-Dravidian Language
    Family are highly influenced by it.
    1.2. The Sanskrit Language is written in the script called the
    Devangar Script (de
    devnagrI ilip> - devangar lipi). Other Indian

    script.

    O"

    Languages, viz., Hindi, the National Language of India and Marathi,


    and Nepali, the National Language of Nepal are also written in this
    The Headline (izrae
    izraereoa -irorekh) above

    each letter

    is

    "D

    r.

    Y.

    N.

    RA

    mandatory. It not only brings beauty to the script but also


    maintains alignment of the letters in a word. The headline is to
    be given above the letter after writing the letter concerned in case
    of a single letter, or above all the letters concerned after writing
    all the letters in case of a word.

    THE SANSKRIT ALPHABET

    (s<
    s<Skt v[Rmala - saskuta

    .in

    2.

    .co

    varaml):

    This is a

    ho
    o

    Each letter of the alphabet represents one sound.


    phonetic alphabet.

    @
    ya

    The Sanskrit Alphabet is composed of two parts, viz., (a) Vowels


    (Svra>
    Svra> - svar) and (b) Consonants (Vynain
    Vynain - vyajanni).

    ry

    nr
    ao

    (a) The VOWELS (Svra>


    Svra> - svar) are as under :-

    @ @e Aae AaE

    e ai o au

     Anusvara (AnuSvar> - anusvra)

    O"

    A<

    do
    cto

    A Aa # $ % ^ \

    RA

    "D

    r.

    Y.

    N.

    A>  Visarga (ivsgR> - visarga)

    .in

    .co

    (b) The CONSONANTS (Vynain


    Vynain - vyajanni) are as under :-

    The first twentyfive Consonants, k


    k k (ka) to m!
    m! m (ma) are

    ho
    o

    divided into five groups(vgaR


    vgaR> - varg), each consisting of five

    @
    ya

    letters, according to the various parts of the mouth with the


    help of which they are pronounced. They are:

    o!

    g!

    "!

    '  Gutturals

    (k
    k- vgR>)

    kh

    gh

    c
    c-Group
    

    c!

    j!

    H!

    |!  Palatals

    (c
    c- vgR>)

    ch j

    jh

    qq-Group
    

    [!  Cerebrals

    (qq- vgR>)

    (k{Q(a> - kahy)

    (talVya> -

    t
    t-Group
    

    t!

    w!

    x!

    n!  Dentals

    (t
    t- vgR>)

    th

    dh

    p!

    b!

    ph b

    Y.

    N.

    RA

    O"

    do
    cto

    ry

    nr
    ao

    k
    k-Group
    

    r.

    p
    p-Group 

    "D

    (p
    p- vgR>)

    (mU
    mUxRNya> - mrdhany)

    (dNTya> - danty)

    m!  Labials

    bh m

    tlavy)

    (Aae(a> - ohy)

    .in

    Of these, the 1st and 3rd letters of each Group are Unstressed Consonants,

    .co

    (arrihtVynain
    arrihtVynain),
    arrihtVynain while the 2nd and 4th letters of each Group are Stressed

    ho
    o

    Consonants (arsihtVynain
    arsihtVynain).
    arsihtVynain And, the last letters of each of the first five
    groups ('
    ' |! [! n! m! ) are called the Nasal Consonants (Anu
    AnunaiskVynain -

    @
    ya

    anunsikavyajanni) since the Nose is involved while pronouncing them.

    l!

    v!  Semi-Vowels

    nr
    ao

    y!

    ry

    (ANtSwa>
    ANtSwa> - antasth)

     Cerebral (mUxRyNy> - mrdhayanya)

    O"

    r
    r

    do
    cto

    Where,
    y!  Palatal (talVy> - tlavya)
    y

     Dental and Labial (dNTyae(> - dantyohya)

    "D

    r.

    Y.

    N.

    v!
    v

    RA

    l!  Dental (dNTy> - dantya)


    l

    z!

    ;!

    s!  Sibilants

    (^:ma> - m)

     Cerebral (mUxRyNy> - mrdhayanya)

    s!
    s

     Dental (dNTy> - dantya)

     Aspirate

    nr
    ao

    @
    ya

    ho
    o

    ;!

    .co

    .in

    Where,
    z!  Palatal (talVy> - tlavya)

    (mhaa[> - mahpra)

    do
    cto

    ry

    g! "! ';
    The last three letters of each of the first five groups (g!

    O"

    j! H! |! ; f F [! ; d x! n! ; b! ! m! ), the Semi-Vowels (y!


    y! r l! v! ) and

    m&Vynain
    the Aspirate (h) are called the Soft Consonants (m&

    RA

    muduvyajanni).

    N.

    The rest of the letters (k


    k o! ; c! D ; q Q; t! w! ; p! ) ), and the

    Y.

    z! ;!
    Sibilants (z!

    s! ) are called the Hard Consonants (kkR


    kkRzVynain -

    "D

    r.

    karkaavyajanni).

    ***
    5

    You might also like