Path o Physiology of Cholelithiasis

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Choledocolithiasis Pathophysiology

Risk factors
Non-modifiable

Modifiable

Age (50 yrs. Old)

Diet (Increase intake Fatty foods and Alcohol)

Bile becomes supersaturated with cholesterol or calcium or

excess unconjugated bilirubin or both and has decrease bile salts

The solute precipitates from solution to solid crystals


Crystals come together to form stones, either Cholesterol, Pigment or Mixed in the Gallbladder or Common Hepatic Duct
A small stone may pass from the gallbladder to the common hepatic duct
Obstruction in the common hepatic duct

Body tries
Nausea

to dislodge the stones


and Vomiting

Inflammation occurs
(Cholangitis)

Spasm of the biliary tracts


causing biliary colic or
pain in the RUQ

Backflow of conjugated
to Liver

bilirubin

may occur
Conjugated Bilirubin enters bloodstream

Fever is experienced

Jaundice occurs
Patient
becomes restless and
changes
position frequently
to relieve pain

Presence of Icteric Sclera and


yellow skin

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