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    Micro2 - Intro To Mycology

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    Leslie Jan Antonio Entila
    This document summarizes key characteristics of yeasts and molds. Yeasts are unicellular and reproduce by budding, while molds are multicellular and made up of intertwining hyphae. Hyphae can be septate or aseptate. Molds reproduce both sexually, forming spores through the merging of cells, and asexually, producing spores from hyphae through various processes. Reproduction can occur in teleomorph, anamorph, or synanamorph phases. Dimorphic fungi can exist in both yeast and mold forms.

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    Micro2 - Intro To Mycology

    Uploaded by

    Leslie Jan Antonio Entila
    80 views2 pages
    This document summarizes key characteristics of yeasts and molds. Yeasts are unicellular and reproduce by budding, while molds are multicellular and made up of intertwining hyphae. Hyphae can be septate or aseptate. Molds reproduce both sexually, forming spores through the merging of cells, and asexually, producing spores from hyphae through various processes. Reproduction can occur in teleomorph, anamorph, or synanamorph phases. Dimorphic fungi can exist in both yeast and mold forms.

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    Micro2 - Intro to Mycology

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    This document summarizes key characteristics of yeasts and molds. Yeasts are unicellular and reproduce by budding, while molds are multicellular and made up of intertwining hyphae. Hyphae can be septate or aseptate. Molds reproduce both sexually, forming spores through the merging of cells, and asexually, producing spores from hyphae through various processes. Reproduction can occur in teleomorph, anamorph, or synanamorph phases. Dimorphic fungi can exist in both yeast and mold forms.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    80 views2 pages

    Micro2 - Intro To Mycology

    Uploaded by

    Leslie Jan Antonio Entila
    This document summarizes key characteristics of yeasts and molds. Yeasts are unicellular and reproduce by budding, while molds are multicellular and made up of intertwining hyphae. Hyphae can be septate or aseptate. Molds reproduce both sexually, forming spores through the merging of cells, and asexually, producing spores from hyphae through various processes. Reproduction can occur in teleomorph, anamorph, or synanamorph phases. Dimorphic fungi can exist in both yeast and mold forms.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    MICRO2

    YEASTS
    Unicellular
    Forms a bacterial-like colony
    Reproduces by BUDDING

    MOLDS
    Multicellular
    Woolly appearance in culture
    Made up of MYCELIUM
    o Intertwining structures composed
    of HYPHAE
    Tube like structures

    PARTS OF HYPHAE
    AERIAL (Reproductive)
    o Extends above surface
    o Produces and supports
    conidia/spores
    VEGETATIVE (Thallus)
    o Extends downwards
    o Absorbs water and nutrients

    TYPES OF HYPHAE
    SEPTATE
    o With frequent crosswalls
    SPARSELY SEPTATE
    o Aseptate
    o Few crosswalls

    STRUCTURES OF HYPHAE
    Conidiophore/Sporangiophore
    Conidia/Sporangium
    Phialide/Annelide
    Vesicle/Columella

    CONIDIOPHORE/SPORANGIOPHORE
    Hyphal branch that produces and acts and
    stalks for conidia/sporangium

    CONIDIA/SPORANGIUM
    Asexual
    Form at sides of hyphae

    PHIALIDE/ANNELLIDE
    Secondary segments born from
    conidiophore
    FLASK/VASE-shaped

    INTRO TO MYCOLOGY
    VESICLE/COLUMELLA
    Enlarged/DOME-shaped
    Tip of conidiophore/sporangiophore

    OTHER HYPHAL FORMS
    SPIRALS
    NODULAR BODIES
    RACQUET
    PECTINATE BODY
    FAVIC CHANDELIER

    SPIRALS
    Corkscrew-like hyphae
    Example: T. mentagrophytes

    NODULAR BODIES
    Knot of twisted hyphae
    Example: M. canis & T. mentagrophytes

    RACQUET
    Enlarged, CLUB-shaped
    Example: E. floccosum

    PECTINATE BODY
    Broken comb
    Example: M. audouinii

    FAVIC CHANDELIER
    Antler hyphae
    Example: T. schoeleinii & T. violaceum

    HYALINE versus DEMATIACEOUS HYPHAE
    HYALINE (Moniliaceous)
    o Non or lightly pigmented
    DEMATIACEOUS
    o Darkly pigmented (Melanin)

    DIMORPHISM (Dimorphic Fungi)
    Ability to exist in 2 forms
    o YEAST or SPHERULE PHASE
    37C with increased CO2
    o MOLD PHASE
    25C with ambient air
    o SPHERULE
    Large, round structure that
    contains spores

    ENTILA

    MICRO2

    POLYMORPHISM (Polymorphic Fungi)
    Both yeast and mold forms in the same
    culture
    Example: Exophiala spp.

    REPRODUCTION
    BLASTIC CONIDIOGENESIS
    o Parent cell enlarges, a septum
    forms and an enlarged portion
    splits off to form a daughter cell
    THALLIS CONIDIOGENESIS
    o No parent cell
    o Septum forms first and the new
    growth beyond the septum
    becomes the daughter cell

    ASEXUAL
    Results in the formation of CONIDIA
    Spores develop from conidiophore or
    phialide
    o MACROCONIDIA large &
    multicelled
    o MICROCONIDIA small &
    unicellular
    Spores develop from vegetative mycelium
    o BLASTOCONIDIA (Blastospores)
    o CHLAMYDOCONIDIA
    (Chlamydospores)
    o ARTHROCONIDIA
    (Arthrospores)
    Spores contained in sacs (Sporangium)
    o SPORANGIOSPORES
    Contained in sporangium
    that are produced at the tip
    of sporangiophore

    BLASTOCONIDIA (Blastospores)
    Daughter cell buds from mother cell

    CHLAMYDOCONIDIA (Chlamydospores)
    Formed from rounding up and
    enlargement of hyphal segments

    ARTHROCONIDIA (Arthrospores)
    Fragmentation of hyphae into barrel or
    rectangular-shaped spores

    INTRO TO MYCOLOGY
    SEXUAL
    Results on formation of SPORES
    Formed by merging of cell and fusion of
    nuclei from 2 mating strains
    o ASCOSPORES
    o ZYGOSPORES
    o BASIDIOSPORES
    o OOSPORES

    ASCOSPORES (Sac Fungi)
    Contained in a saclike ascus
    Septate molds

    ZYGOSPORES (Conjugation Fungi)
    Fusion of 2 identical cells arising from
    same hyphae
    Aseptate molds

    BASIDIOSPORES (Club Fungi)
    Produced on a basidium
    Septate molds and clamp connections

    OOSPORES
    Fusion of 2 separate nonidentical cells

    PHASES OF REPRODUCTION
    TELEOMORPH sexually
    ANAMORPH asexually
    SYNANAMORPHS if > anamorph is
    present for the same teleomorph

    ENTILA

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