Aira U.

Lisboa

Mr.Rowena Delos Santos

BSHRM 2
CHAPTER 9

Rizals Grand Tour of Europe with Maximo Viola

(1887)
They are going to Dresden. May 11, 1887, they left Berlin by train. The Tour Begins
Visited Museum of Art - Prometheus Bound Visited Dr. Adolph B. Meyer Went to floral
exhibit Dresden
At floral exhibit, they met Dr. Jagor.
They left Dresden and went to Teschen as next stopover. They sent wire to Blumentritt.
May 13, 1887 at 1:30pm, they arrived in the railroad station where Prof. Ferdinand Blumentritt
was there.Leitmeritz, Bohemia
They stayed there from May 13-16, 1887.Blumentritt helped the two get a room at Hotel
Krebs.
He was introduced to Prof. Robert Klutschak, a wellknown scholar. He met Dr. Carlos
Czepalak, a Polish scholar. They attended a meeting of the Tourists Club of Leitmeritz where
Blumentritt was the secretary. They went to a beer garden in Bohemia. Enjoying the warm
hospitality of the Blumentritt family. Memories in Leitmeritz
May 16, at 9:45 am, they left Leitmeritz by train. Last night in Leitmeritz, they proposed a
dinner to Blumentritts family at their hotel.
after this, they went to Brunn. They visited: Tomb of Copernicus Museum of Natural History
Bacteriological Laboratories Cave of San Juan Nepomoceno They went to Dr. Willkomm,
professor of natural history in University of Prague.
Nothing important happened in this city according to Viola. Rizal wrote a letter to Blumentritt and
he told him that he forgot his diamond stickpin at his room in Hotel Krebs. Brunn
They stayed in Hotel Metropole.Rizal received his lost diamond stickpin. He met Norfenfals,
great novelist in Europe. He admired Rizal. On May 20, they arrived in the Queen of the
Danube. Vienna
they met 2 good Austrian scholars who are friend of Blumentritt: Masner and Nordmann they
visited : churches art galleries public parks museums theatres
on May 24, they rode on a river boat to see Danube River.Lintz
They went to Nuremberg and were impressed by the manufacture of dolls In Munich, stop for
a while to taste the famous Munich beer, assumed as the best in Germany. The river trip
ended in Lintz. They travel overland to Salzburg, and to Munich. TO SALZBURG, TO MUNICH
TO NUREMBERG
In Rheinfall, they saw the waterfall which is the most beautiful waterfall in Europe. They went
to Stuttgart and Baden. The Cathedral in Ulm is the largest and tallest in Germany. Ulm,
Stuttgart, Baden and then Rheinfall .

CHAPTER 10
Rizal's First Homecoming

Rizals plans of coming back home As early as 1884, Rizal wanted to go back to the Philippines
for thefollowing reasons Financial difficulties in Calamba Desire to prove that there is no reason
to fear going home. His belief that the Spanish regime will not punish the innocent.
Decision to return home After five years of his memorable sojourn in Europe, Rizal returnedto
the Philippines. However, Rizal was warned by the following not to return to thePhilippines
because his Noli Me Tangere angered the friars Paciano Mercado Rizals adviser and only
brother. Silvestre Ubaldo Rizals brother in law; husband of Olimpia. Jose Ma. Cecilio
(Chenggoy) one of Rizals closest friends. Decision to return home Rizalwas determined to
come back to thePhilippines for the following reasons:To operate his mothers eyes To serve his
people who had long been oppressed by Spanishtyrants. To find out for himself how the Noli Me
Tangere and hisother writings were affecting Filipinos and Spaniards. To inquire why Leonor
Rivera remained silent.
Rizal arrives in Manila Rizal left Rome by train to Marseilles, a Frenchport and boarded
Djemnah, the same steamerthat brought him to Europe five years ago. There were 50
passengers: Englishmen, 2Germans, 3 Chinese, 2 Japanese, 40 Frenchmen,and 1 Filipino
(Rizal) In Saigon (Ho Chi Minh), Vietnam hetransferred to another steamer, Haiphong,
thatbrought him to Manila.
Happy Homecoming When Rizal arrived in Calamba, rumors spread that hewas a German spy
An agent of Otto Von Bismarck the liberator ofGermany. A Protestant A Mason A soul halfway
to damnation
In Calamba Rizal established a medical clinic. Doa Teodora was Rizals first patientDoctor
Uliman Rizal was called this namebecause he came from Germany Gymnasium was opened
by Rizal for theyoung people. He introduced European sports fencing andshooting to
discourage them from cockfighting and gambling. Sad Moments in CalambaLeonor Rivera
Rizal tried to visit her in Tarlacbut his parents forbade him to go becauseLeonors mother did not
like him for a son-in-law.Olimpia Mercado-Ubaldo died because ofchild birth.
Storm over Noli Me Tangere Governor General Emilio Terrero wrote to Rizalrequesting to come
to Malacaang Palace. Somebody had whispered to his ear that the Noli containssubversive
ideas Rizal explained to him that he merely exposed the truth, but didnot advocate subversive
ideas. He was pleased by Rizals explanation and curious about thebook, he asked for a copy of
the novel.
Rizal revisited the Jesuits Rizal visited the Jesuit fathers to ask for theirfeedback on the novel.
He was gladly welcomed by the followingfriars Fr. Francisco de Paula Sanchez Fr. Jose Bech
Fr. Federico Faura told Rizal that everything inthe novel was the truth and warned him that
hemay lose his head because of it.
Jose Taviel de Andrade A young Spanish lieutenant who camefrom a noble family He was
cultured and knew painting He could speak French, English and Spanish. Attackers of the Noli
Archbishop Pedro Payo a Dominican Archbishop of Manila Sent a copy of the Nolito Fr.
Gregorio Echavarria, Rector ofthe University of SantoTomas to examine thenovel. Attackers of
the Noli Governor-General Terrero was not satisfiedwith the report of the Dominicans so he
sent the novel to thePermanent Commission of Censorship which wascomposed of priests and
lawyers. Fr. Salvador Font Augustinian friar curate ofTondo was the head of the commission.
The group found that the novel contain subversiveideas against the Church and Spain and

recommendedthat the importation, reproduction and circulation ofthe pernicious book in the
islands be absolutelyprohibited.

CHAPTER 11

Jose Rizal in Hong Kong

In HongKong JOSE RIZAL
YOU WILL BE ABLE TO KNOW: Reason why Jose Rizal went to Hong Kong Rizal being sick
during his voyage Marked dates (departure & arrival) Victoria Hotel Hong Kong as to Rizal
Experiences in Hong Kong
WHY DID JOSE RIZAL WENT TO HONG KONG? February 1888 Hounded by powerful enemies,
Rizal was forced to leave his country for a second time 27 y/o, physician, man-of-letters
TRIP TO HONG KONG February 3, 1888 Zafiro
AMOY Stopover on February 7, 1888
XIAMEN
CLOSER VIEW (XIAMEN)
REASONS: He was not feeling well It was raining hard He heard that the city was dirty
HONG KONG (1888)
HONG KONG (2013) BLUMENTRITT February 16, 1888 Rizal wrote a letter to Blumentritt
expressing his bitterness.
VICTORIA HOTEL (1888)
VICTORIA HOTEL (2013)
JOSE SAINZ DE VERANDA
HONGKONG IS A SMALL BUT VERY CLEAN CITY. Feb. 16, 1888
Noisy celebration of the Chinese new year due to the continuous firecrackers on the street2 week
visit Rizal studied Chinese life, language, drama, and customs EXPERIENCES IN HONG KONG
Chinese theaters are usually animated due to the different percussion instruments used by the
participants, in addition to the noise created by the audience
The Lauriat Party, wherein the guest were served as variety of dishes, shows lavishness and
hospitality among the Chinese
The Dominican order, the richest religious order in Hong Kong, had millions of dollars deposited in
various bank earning very high interest
The graveyards for Catholics, Protestants and Muslims were well maintained
DEPARTURE FROM HONG KONG February 22, 1888 Oceanic (American Steamer)

CHAPTER 12
ROMANTIC INTERLUDE IN JAPAN (1888)

Rizal was enchanted by the natural beauty of Japan and the well-mannered people
Tokyo
Juan Perez Caballero
Secretary of the Spanish Legation
Visited Rizal at his hotel and invited him to live at the Spanish Legation.
Rizal accepted the invitation because...He could economize his living expenses by staying at
the legation
He had nothing to hide from the prying eyes of the Spanish authorities
" a young, fine, and excellent writer" and "an able diplomat who had traveled much."
Rizal did not know the Japanese language
In Tokyo, very few spoke English but in Yokohama many speak it.
Rizal decided to study the Japanese language and was able to speak it within a few days
"Tokyo is more expensive than Paris. The walls are built in cyclopean manner. The streets are
large and wide."
Rizal and the Tokyo Musicians
approached a park while promenading the streets of Tokyo
Heard a Tokyo band playing classical music and was impressed
-He thought, "How admirable was the rendition. I wonder how these Japanese people have
assimilated the modern European music to the extent of playing the beautiful musical
masterpieces of the great European composers so well!"
It turns out the musicians were Filipinos and the principal instruments in the band were
Japanese, but they were only playing only the secondary instruments.
Rizal's Impression of Japan

Rizal was not a tourist enjoying attractive sights that appealed to the senses.
The beauty of the country -- its flowers, mountains, streams and scenic panoramas
he cleanliness, politeness, and industry of the Japanese people
The picturesque dress and simple charm of the Japanese women
There were very few thieves in Japan so that the houses remained open day and night and in
the hotel room one could safely leave money on the table
Beggars were rarely seen in the city streets, unlike in Manila and other citites.
the one thing Rizal was not in favor of was the popular mode of transportation by means of
rickshaws drawn by men
Romance with O-Sei-San
One spring afternoon, a few days after he had moved to the Spanish Legation, Rizal saw a pretty
Japanese girl walking past the Legation gate

Rizal was attracted by her regal loveliness and charm

He wanted to meet her - but how?
Rizal learned from a Japanese gardener that she was Seiko Usui and she used to pass by the legation
during her daily afternoon walk.
The following afternoon, Rizal and the Japanese gardener waited at the legation gate and watched for the
girl.

With his entry in his own diary, Rizal bade farewell to lovely O-Sei-San.

CHAPTER 13

Rizal's visit to United States

Rizals Visitto the UnitedStates (1888)
He saw the discriminatory treatment of the Chinese and the Negros by the white Americans. His
arrival in this great country was marred by racial prejudice. Rizal first saw America on April 28,
1888.
American health authorities did not let the passengers to land for one week because of the
rumored cholera epidemic. Saturday,April 28, 1888- The steamer Belgic docked at San
Francisco.
Hesoon discovered that it was motivated by politics and the ship was carrying 643 Chinese
coolies. Rizal knew there was no cholera epidemic that time and he protest with other
passengers the unjustifiable actions of American authorities.
May 4 to 6, 1888 Rizal stayed in San Francisco. May 4, 1888 The day he was permitted to
go ashore and registered at the Palace Hotel which was then considered a first- class hotel in
the city.
May 7, 1888 it was morning, Rizal awoke and had a good breakfast at Reno, Nevada, now
glamorized by American high-pressure propaganda as The Biggest Little City in the World.May
6, 1888 it was Sunday, 4:30 P.M., Rizal left San Francisco for Oakland, nine miles across San
Francisco Bay, by ferry boat.
From May 7 to May 13, Rizal wrote in his diary the beautiful memories from Nevada, Chicago
until he reached Albany.
Oakland Sacramento RenoOmaha Denver Ogden Chicago Boston AlbanyCrossed Hudson
River
Rizal saw the Statue of Liberty on Bedloe Island. May 16, 1888 Rizal left New York for
Liverpool on board the City of Rome. May 13, 1888 it was Sunday morning when Rizal
reached New York. He stayed three days in this city, which he called the big town.
The good impressions were:1) The material progress of the country as shown in the great cities,
huge farms, flourishing industries, and busy factories;2) The drive and the energy of the
American people;
The natural beauty of the land;4) The high standard of living;5) The opportunities for better life
offered to poor immigrants.o The bad impression Rizal had of America was the lack of racial
equality.
Rizals impression of America is the land par excellence of freedom but only for the
whites.1890 two years after Rizals visit to the United States, Jose Alejandro, who was then
studying engineering in Belgium, roomed with him.

CHAPTER 14

Rizal in London
After visiting the United States, Rizal lived in London from May 1888 to March 1889.
He chose the English City to be his new home for 3 reasons: 1. To improve my knowledge of the English
Language. ENGLISH
Rizal chose the English City to be his new home for 3 reasons: 2. To study and annotate Morgas Sucesos de
Las Islas Filipinas. Antonio de Morga
Rizal chose the English City to be his new home for 3 reasons: 3. London was safe place for me to carry on my
fight against Spanish tyranny.
Trip Across the Atlantic
Rizal was on board the SS City of Rome. While on the board, Rizal entertained the American and European
passengers with his marvelous skill of the yoyo as a defensive weapon. Adelphi Hotel Liverpool, England He
spent his night at Adelphi Hotel Rizal arrived at Liverpool, England on May 24, 1888
Rizal wrote to his family: Liverpool is a big and beautiful city and its celebrated port is worthy of its great fame.
The entrance is magnificient and the customhouse is quite good
Life in London
On May 25,1888, Rizal went to London. He stayed as a guest at the home of Dr. Antonio Ma. Regidor, an exile
of Dr. Antonio Ma. Regidor
By the end of May, he found a modest boarding place at No. 37 Chalcot, Crescent, Primrose Hill. Rizal was a
boarder of the Beckett
The Beckett Family Mr. Beckett, organist of St. Pauls church Mrs. Beckett (his wife) 2 sons
I called Rizal a Pearl of Man. I was impressed by Rizals teaming and character and he gladly recommended
Rizal to the authorities of the British Museum.
News from Home, Bad news
Persecution of the Filipino patriots who signed the Anti-friar Petition 1888. 2. Persecution of the Calamba
tenants 3. Furious attacks on Rizal by Senators Salamanca and Vida in the Spanish Cortes and Wenceslao
Retana and Pablo Feced in Spanish newspapers. Bad news
Bad news 4. A friend of Rizal, Laureano Viado, a medical student at the University of Santo Tomas, was
arrested and Jailed in Bilibid prison because of the copies of Noli that were found in his house. 5. Rizals
brother-in-law, Manuel T. Hidalgo, husband of Saturnina was exiled by Governor General Weyler to Bohol
without due process of law.
News from Home, Good news
One good news cheered Rizal, and that was Rev. Vicente Garcias defense of the Noli against the attacks of
the friars. Mariano Rizal heard this good news from Mariano Ponce. Later, on January 7, 1891, he wrote to
Father Garcia, expressing his personalAnnotating Morgas book
The greatest achievement of Rizal on London was the annotating of Morgas book, Sucessos de Las Isla
Filipinas which was published in Mexico, 1609. British Museum Rizal spent many days in the reading room of
the British Museum poring over the pages of this book and laboriously reading the old histories of the
Philippines.
Early in September 1888, Rizal visited Paris for a week in order to search for more historical materials
Bibliotheque Nationale. On December 11, 1888, Rizal went to Madrid and Barcelona, Spain. For the first time,
Rizal met Marcelo del Pilar and Mariano Ponce, the two titans of Propaganda movement. Christmas in London
(1888)

Christmas in London (1888) Rizal returned to London on December 24 and spent Christmas and New Years
days with the Becketts. To his friend, Bluemetritt, Rizal sent as Christmas gift a bust of Emperor Augustus
which he had made. To another friend, Dr. Carlos Czepelak, Rizal gave as Christmas gift a bust of Julius Cesar.
Rizals landlady, Mrs. Beckett, knowing of his interest in magic, gave him as Christmas gift a book entitled The
Life and Adventures of Valentine Vox, the Ventriloquist.
Rizal becomes leader of Filipinos in Europe
By unanimous vote of all the members, Rizal was chosen honorary president of society called Asociacion La
Solidaridad (Solidaridad Association) This was a recognition of his leadership among all Filipino patriots in
Europe.Rizal and the La Solidaridad Newspaper.

CHAPTER 15

Life in Paris (Letters in May 16, 1889)

Spent most of his time in the reading room of the Bibliotique National checking up his historical
annotations on Morgas book - Writing letters to his family and friends - In the gymnasium for his
daily physical exercises - Visiting his friends, dining at the homes of his friends, such as the
Taveras, Venturas, Bousteds and Luna Dr. Trinidad Pardo de Tavera -physician by vocation
philologist by avocation Dr. Felix Pardo de Tavera - physician by vocation and an artist and
sculpture by avocation Paz Pardo de Tavera wife of Juan Luna - June 24,1889 when
Andres(Luling), the second child was born and JPR the godfather chose her name Maria dela
Paz Blanca Laureana Herminigilda Juana Luna y Pardo de Tavera
Rizal and the Paris Exposition of Eiffel Tower, 984 ft high, built by Alexander Eiffel - greatest
attraction -Pres. Sadi Carnot (3 rd French Republic) -200,000 persons or more crowd the daily
exposition - International Art Competition Felix R. Hidalgos painting won the 2 nd prize, Juan
Luna and F. Pardo de Tavera won the 3 rd prize, while JPRs entry got no prize. Three
Clubs/Societies Kidlat Club a social society of a temporary nature Purpose: To bring together
the young Filipinos in the French capital so that they could enjoy their sojourn in the city during
the duration of the Exposition Members: Antonio & Juan Luna, Gregorio Aguilera, Fernando
Canon, Lauro Dimayuga, Julio Llorente, Guillermo Puatu & Baldomero Roxas Indios Bravos
(Brave Indians) Inspiration: American Indians who were not ashamed of their names Purpose:
Its members pledged to excel in intellectual and physical prowess in order to win the admiration
of the foreigners particularly the Spaniards. They practiced the use of sword and pistol. JPR
taught them judo. Members: Same members REDEMPTION of the Malay Race (another aim)
Borneo Colonization project: Not merely to have a place where Filipinos could live and work
with more liberty as well as free themselves from the oppressive conditions of the Philippines
for something else important, which is freedom of action to attain the aim of the RDLM.. Which
means the redemption of the Malay race (Dr. Leoncio Lopez- Rizal) -Max Havelaar book (1860)
by Multatuli (E.D. Dekker, Dutch Author)RDLM ( Redencion de los Malayos ) Purpose: The
propagation of all the useful knowledge- scientific, artistic, literary, etc..- in the Philippines.
Annotated Edition of Morga Published Outstanding achievement of Rizal in Paris the
publication of his annotation of Morgas book, written in British Museum, printed by Garnier
Freres Prologue written by Prof. Blumentritt Rizals errors in his annotation: 1. Commits the
error in appraising the history of the past in the light of the present standard 2. Rizals attacks of
the church were unfair and unjustified because the abuses should not be construed to mean the
Catholic is bad.

CHAPTER 16

CHAPTER 16: IN BELGIAN

BRUSSELSJanuary 28, 1890Rizal left Paris for Brussels,2
reasons:the cost of living in
Paris was very high because
ofUniversal Exposition andthe
gay social life of the city
hampered his literaryworksLife
in Brussels- Rizal was
accompanied by Jose Albert
andlater left the city and was
replaced by Jose Alejandro-he
spent part of his time in medical
clinic and for recreationhe had
gymnastics at the
gymnasiumArticles Published in

La Solidaridad:April 30, 1889- A

La Defensa (to La Defense), a
reply to ananti Filipino writing of
Patricio de la EscuraMay 31,
1889-La Verdad Para Todos
(The Truth For All), adefense
against the Spanish chargesJune
15, 1889-Vicente Barrantes
TeatroTagalo, exposesBarrantes
ignorance on the Tagalog
theatrical artJuly 31, 1889UnaProfanacion (A Profanatio),
bitterattack against the friars for
denying a Christian burial
toMariano Herbosa because he
was a brother-in-law of RizalJuly
31, 1889-Vervades Nuevas

(New Truths), a reply toVicente

Belloc SanchezAugust 15, 1889Crueldad (Cruelty), defense of
Blumentritfrom the scurrilous
attacks of his
enemiesSeptember 15,
1889-Diferencias (Differences),
a reply tobiased article entitled
Old TruthsNovember 30,
1889-Inconsequencias
(Inconsequences), adefence of
Antonio Luna against the attack
of Pablo Mir DeasJanuary 15,
1890- Ingratitudes
(Ingratitude), a reply toGovernor
General Valerio
WeylerSeptember 1886-Rizal

adopted the filipinized

tagalongorotgraphy in his
tagaog translationsApril 15,
1890-Sobre la Nueva
Ortofografia de laLenguaTagala
was published in La
SolidaridadMay 23, 1890- Rizal
wrote to M.H. delPilar to remind
theFilipinos in Madrid that they
did not come to Europe
togamble, but to work for their
Fatherlands freedomBad News
from Home- the Calamba
agrarian trouble wasgetting
worse, The tenants including the
Rizal family waspersecutedJune
5 1890- Rizal wrote to his sister

SoledadPresentiment of deathRizal had bad dreams during the

nightsin Brussels when he was
restless because he was
alwaysthinking of his unhappy
family in Calamba and he feared
thathe would not live long, he
was not afraid to die but he
wantedto finish his second novel
before he went to his graveJune
11, 1890- the morbid
presentiment of early death
wasdivulged by him to M.H.
delPilar in a letter from
BrusselsPreparation to go HomeRizal could not stay in
Brusselswriting a book while his

parents, relatives, and friends in

thedistant Philippines were
persecutedJuly 9, 1890-he wrote
to Ponce, opposing Gracianos
plan ofactionJuly 18, 1890-he
expressed his determination to
go home. Itwas another letter to
PonceJune 20 1890-Rizal wrote
to M.H. delPilar retaining
thelatters services as lawyer, he
further informed del Pilar thathe
was going to Madrid, in order to
supervise the handling ofthe
caseJuly 29, 1890- in another
letter, Rizal announced that he
was

CHAPTER 20
OPHTHALMIC SURGEON IN HONGKONG (1891-92)
Farewell to Europe: Oct 31, 1891 (2 weeks after Filis publication), left Ghent for Paris, bade
farewell to friends (Lunas, Taveras, Venturas), to Marseilles and boarded steamer Melbourne forHongkong (HK)
on Oct 18 bringing recommendation letter by Juan Luna for Manuel Camuswith 600 copies of Fili; befriended
many passengers who were mostly missionaries for China
including Fr. Fuchs whom he described as A Father Damaso without pride and malice (let
ter toBlumentritt)Rizal and the German Ladies: conversed with them in perfect German and they treated him
withrespect and admiration despite his brown skinArrived in HK: Nov 20, 1891, welcomed by Jose Ma. Basa
and other friends, opened his medicalcl
inic; Manuel Hidalgo: if the Queen Regent will not listen, we will write to Queen Victoria
of England appealing for protection in the name of humanity
Family Reunion in HK: before Christmas of 1891, parents, sisters, bro and brothers-in-lawarrived; happiest
yuletide celebration in his life; very much pleased with the English governmentOphthalmic Surgeon in HK:
made a living for himself and his family as an ophthalmologist;Portuguese Dr. Lorenzo P. Marques helped him
build a wide clientele; successfully operated on
his Moms left eye making her read and write again; Dr. Ariston Bautista Lin congratulated him
from Paris and gave him a book on Diagnostic Pathology by Dr. H. Virchow; Dr. AntonioVergel de Dios offered
to buy books and equipments for him; Dr. Geminiano de Ocampo says
Rizal had all the qualities that would make him an ideal ophthalmic surgeon
Borneo Colonization Project: planned to move the landless Filipino families to the rich British-owned island;
went to Sandakan, Borneo on March 7, 1892 on board Menon to negotiate withthe British authorities who in
turn were willing to give the Filipino colonists 100,000 acres of land, a beautiful harbor, and a good government
for 999 years, free of all charges; friends inEurope endorsed his Borneo
colonization project; Lopez Jaena (May 26, 1892): I have a greatdesire of joining you. I shall go
there to dedicate myself to the cultivation of sugarcane and themaking of sugar. Brother
-inlaw Hidalgo objected saying, Why should we leave the
Philippines, this beautiful country of ours? Why should we go to a foreign land without firstexhausting all means
for the welfare of the country which nurtured us from our cradles? Tell me
that?!; Gov. Gen. Eulogio Despujol did not reply Rizals two letters and
did not approve the
Borneo project because the Philippines lacked laborers.
Writings in HK: (1) Ang Mga Karapatan Nang Tao (translation of The Rights of Man
proclaimed by the 1789 French Revolution); (2) A la Nacion Espaola; (3) Sa Mga Kababayan;(
4) Una Visita a la Victoria Gaol; (5) In French, Colonisation du British North Borneo Par
deFamilles de Iles Philippines; (6) La Mano Roja (the Red Hand); and (7) Constitution of the
Liga
Filipina

CHAPTER 21
SECOND HOMECOMING AND THE LIGA FILIPINA
The battlefield is in the PhilippinesArrival in Manila with sister Lucia (widow of Herbosa): stayed at Hotel de
Oriente facingBinondo Church (June 26, 1892); at 4PM, went to Malacaan Palace to seek audience with
Gov.Gen. Eulogio Despujol, Conde de Caspe; agreed to pardon his father but not his entire family;visited sisters
Sisa and NenengVisiting Friends in Central Luzon: June 27, in Malolos, San Fernando, Tarlac and BacolorOther
Interviews with Despujol: very much opposed to Borneo colonizationFounding of the Liga Filipina (LF),
Sunday, July 3, 1892: at the house of Chinese-Filipinomestizo Doroteo Ongjunco on Ylaya St., Tondo; with
patriots who were mostly Mason (M):Pedro Serrano Laktaw, M & school teacher, (Panday Pira); Domingo
Franco, M & tobaccoshopkeeper (Felipe Leal); Jose Ramos, M (Socorro), owner of Bazar Gran Bretaa and
firstWorshipful Master of Nilad, the first Filipino Masonic Lodge*; Ambrosio Salvador, M,gobernadorcillo/
capitan municipal of Quiapo; Bonifacio Arevalo, M (Harem); Moises Salvador,M, (Araw);Luis Villareal, tailor
& M; Faustino Villareal (Ilaw), pharmacist & M; MarianoCrisostomo, landlord; Numeriano Adriano (Ipil);
notary public & M; Estanislao Legaspi, artisan& M; Teodoro Plata, court clerk & M; Andres Bonifacio,
warehouse employee; ApolinarioMabini (Katabay), lawyer & M; and Juan Zulueta, playwright; Rizal explained
the objectives andconstitution of La Liga and was approved unanimouslyConstitution of the LF: Their objectives
are to have (1) unity in the archipelago; (2) mutualprotection in every want and necessity; (3) defense; (4)
encouragement of education, agriculture& commerce; and (5)
study and application of reforms; Motto: Unus Instar Omnium (One Like
All); supreme Council, Provincial Council & Popular Council (in every town); Duties: (1) obeyorders; (2)
recruit; (3) keep strictest secrecy; (4) have a symbolic name which you cannot changetill you become president
of your council; (5) report to the fiscal; (6) behave well; and (7) helpfellow members in all ways21.6. Rizal was
Arrested and Jailed in Fort Santiago (Wed, July 6, 1892): during an interviewwith Despujol, the latter s
uddenly showed him some printed leaflets allegedly found in Lucias
pillow cases (entitled Pobres Frailes, a satire against Dominicans written by Fr. Jacinto); placedunder arrest and
was escorted by Ramon Despujol; was kept incommunicado in Ft. Santiago andcould not talk to anyone except
with the officer on duty
21.7. Arbitrary Deportation to Dapitan (July 7): for being disloyal to Spain, anti
-Catholic andimprudently antifriar; 12:30AM of July 15, 1892, was brought under heavy guard to the
steamer Cebu under Captain Delgras; arrived 7PM of July 17 in Dapitan; handed over to CaptainRicardo
Carnicero, Spanish commandant of Dapitan (till July 31, 1896 or 4 years & 13 days)