Heat Transfer Enhancement Using Nanofluids

A
Seminar report
on
Heat Transfer Enhancement Using

Nanofluids
Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement
For the award of the degree
of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
in
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
Submitted By:
NILESH PANWAR
(BE III Year) Roll No.15CHE50016
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

M.B.M. ENGINEERING COLLEGE
JAI NARAIN VYAS UNIVERSITY
JODHPUR (RAJASTHAN) 342001
2015-2016
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I take this opportunity to express my deep regards and sincere gratitude for the
valuable, expert guidance rendered to me by guide Dr. Anil Vyas, Asst. Professor,Chemical
Engineering Department M.B.M. Engineering College, J.N.V. University, Jodhpur. His
guidance by going through manuscript critically and holding informal discussion is grateful
acknowledge.
I consider myself fortunate to have had opportunity to work under him and enrich
myself from her vast knowledge, and analysis power. He shall always be a constant source of
inspiration for me.
My special regards to Dr. S.N.Vyas, Founder of Department of Chemical Engineering,
Dr. Sushil Kumar Saraswat, Head of Chemical Engineering Department,for encouraging and
technically supporting on this advanced technology.
My sincere thanks to Dr. Dharmendra Patel, Mr. Aslam Khan Rajarh,Guest faculty,
Chemical Engineering Department, M.B.M. Engineering College, J.N.V. University, Jodhpur
for his talented advice and providing necessary facility for my work. I also thank my friends
who helped me in my project.
My sincere heartfelt gratitude to my family whose prayers, best wishes, support,
concern and encouragement has been a constant source of inspiration to me.
NILESH PANWAR
B.E. III Year
CANDIDATES DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the work which is being presented in the Project entitled Heat
Transfer Enhancement Using Nanofluids in the partial fulfilment of the requirement for
the award of degree of BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING IN CHEMICAL
ENGINEERING submitted in the department of Chemical Engineering, M.B.M.
Engineering college, Jodhpur (Rajasthan), is an authentic record of my own work carried out
during the period from Jan 2016 to June 2016, under the supervision of Dr. Sushil Kumar
Saraswat, Head, Department of Chemical Engineering, M.B.M. Engineering college, Jodhpur
(Rajasthan).
The matter embodied in this project has not been submitted by me for the award of any
otherdegree.
Date:
NILESH PANWAR
Place: Jodhpur
B.E. III Year

***
CERTIFICATE
This is certified that the above statement made by the candidate is correct to the best
of my knowledge.
Dr. Sushil Kumar Saraswat

Head of Department
Department of Chemical Engineering
M.B.M. Engineering College (J.N.V. University)
Jodhpur (Rajasthan) 342001
ABSTRACT
Nanofluids - a simple product of the emerging world of nanotechnology are suspensions of
nanoparticles (nominally 1-100 nm in size) in conventional base fluids such as water, oils, or
glycols that show significant enhancement of their properties at modest nanoparticle
concentrations. Many of the publications on nanofluids are about understanding their
behaviour so that they can be utilized where straight heat transfer enhancement is paramount
as in many industrial applications, nuclear reactors, transportation, electronics as well as
biomedicine and food. This seminar focuses on explaining the basic mechanisms of
improvement in heat transfer by addition nanoparticles. An investigation in heat transfer
characteristics with nanofluids has revealed that when nanparticles are introduced to a
conventional fluid in certain concentrations they enhance the ability to transfer heat.
nanofluids have superb physical properties, among which thermal conductivity has been
studied most extensively. The mechanisms proposed to explain the thermal conductivity of
nanofluids and new models used to predict the thermal conductivity behavior of nanofluids.
We discuss new mechanisms and the discrepancies between experimental data and model
predictions. With a rich history of colloidal science and recent advances in particle synthesis
methods, nanofluids have recently been engineered for a rapidly increasing number of
applications. A stable nanofluid is theoretically possible as long as particles stay small
enough. Maintaining this size, however, can be a challenge since particles frequently come
into contact with each other - potentially leading to the formation of large particle
agglomerates which can settle out of suspension. The term 'nanofluid' also indicates a mixture
where the properties of both the nanoparticles and the base fluid contribute to the application.
Nanofluid is the subject of intensive study worldwide since pioneering researchers recently
discovered the anomalous thermal behavior of nanofluids. This report could be useful in
understanding the nanofluids and its behavior.
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE NO.
PAGE NO.
1. Thermal Conductivity Values and Measuring

Temperature of Thermal Conductivity for
Some Solids and Liquids
LIST OF FIGURE
14
FIGURE NO.
1.
Relation
fraction
between
and
PAGE NO.
particle
thermal
volume
conductivity
34
of
nanofluids.
2.
Relation
between
temperature
and
37
thermal conductivity of nanofluids having

CuO.
3.
Effective thermal conductivity of water-
44
Al2O3 nanofluid.
4.
Enhancement of thermal conductivity of
TiO2deionize
water
nanofluids
45
with
CTAB surfactant.
5.
Enhancement in thermal conductivity
47
relative to pristine epoxy as a function of

SWNT and VGCF loading.
6.
Enhancement of the thermal
47
conductivities of SiC-26 suspensions.

7. Enhanced thermal conductivities of
47
suspensions containing SiC-600.
LIST OF CONTENT
TOPIC
ACKNOWLEGEMENT
CANDIDATE
PAGE NO.
DECLARTION
I
II
&CERTIFICATE
ABSTRACT
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES
CONTENTS
III
IV
V
VI
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
1.1
1.2
1.3
Heat transfer
Heat transfer fluids
Nanofluids
1
1
2
6
CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE REVIEW

CHAPTER 3. EXPLANATION
3.1
History of nanofluids
3.2
Material used in nanofluids
3.3 Types of nanofluids
3.4
Preparation of nanofluids
3.5
Physics of nanofluids
3.6 Theories on nanofluids
3.7
Need of nanofluids
3.8
Properties of nanofluids
3.9 Thermal conductivity of nanofluids
3.10 Measurement of thermal conductivity
in nanofluids
3.11 Mechanisms of heat transfer
improvement
3.12 Case study
3.13 Problems and drawbacks
11
13
18
21
24
25
29
30
33
38
41
44
49
50
51
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES

Heat Transfer Enhancement Using Nanofluids

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Heat Transfer Enhancement Using

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

B.E. III Year

Dr. Sushil Kumar Saraswat

1. Thermal Conductivity Values and Measuring

thermal conductivity of nanofluids having

Effective thermal conductivity of water-

Enhancement of thermal conductivity of

Enhancement in thermal conductivity

relative to pristine epoxy as a function of

Enhancement of the thermal

conductivities of SiC-26 suspensions.

suspensions containing SiC-600.

CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE REVIEW

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