Ilocos Region
Ilocos Region
Ilocos Region
The Ilocos Region (Ilocano: Rehion/Deppaar ti Ilocos; Pangasinan: Sagor na Baybay na Luzon;
Filipino: Rehiyon ng Ilocos) is an administrative region of the Philippines, designated as Region
I, occupying the northwestern ection of Luzon. It is bordered by the Cordillera Administrative
Region to the east, the Cagayan Valley to the northeast and southeast, and the Central Luzon to
the south. To the west lies the South China Sea.
The region comprises four provinces: Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, La Union and Pangasinan. Its
regional center is San Fernando, La Union. The 2000 Census reported that the major languages
spoken in the region are Ilocano at 66.36% of the total population at that time, Pangasinan with
27.05%, and Tagalog with 3.21%.
History
Region 1 was first inhabited by the aboriginal Negritoes before they were pushed by successive
waves of Malay/Austronesian immigrants that penetrated the narrow coast. Tingguians in the
interior, Ilocanos in the north, and Pangasinense in the south settled the region. Before the
administration of Ferdinand Marcos, Pangasinan was not a part of the region.[3]
The Spanish arrived in the 16th century and established Christian missions and governmental
institutions to control the native population and convert them to Catholicism. Present-day Vigan
in Ilocos Sur province became the diocesan seat of Nueva Segovia. Ilocanos in the northern parts
were less easily swayed, however, and remained an area filled with deep resentments against
Spain. These resentments bubbled to the surface at various points in the Ilocos provinces' history
as insurrections, most notably that of Andres Malong and Palaris of Pangasinan, Diego Silang
and his wife Gabriela Silang in 1764, and the Basi Revolt in the 19th century. However, it was
the Pangasinenses in the south who were the last to be stand against the Spaniards.[4]
In 1901, the region came under American colonial rule, and in 1941, under Japanese occupation.
During 1945, the combined American and the Philippine Commonwealth troops including with
the Ilocano and Pangasinese guerillas liberated the Ilocos Region from Japanese forces during
the Second World War.
Several modern presidents of the Republic of the Philippines hailed from the Region: Elpidio
Quirino, Ferdinand Marcos, and Fidel V. Ramos.
Before the creation of the Cordillera Administrative Region, Region 1 included the provinces of
Abra, Mountain Province, and Benguet.