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    MECH2419 Test 2015 Solution

    Uploaded by

    Yau Chung Hin Harris
    This document contains a 7 question test on properties of materials. It covers topics like crystal structures of iron phases, calculating densities and lattice constants, modeling interatomic potential energy, determining stiffness and Young's modulus from an energy function, interpreting an aluminum-copper phase diagram. The test has both sketch and calculation questions. It provides context for each question, lists the questions, and provides space for the student to show their work and write their answers.

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    MECH2419 Test 2015 Solution

    Uploaded by

    Yau Chung Hin Harris
    237 views5 pages
    This document contains a 7 question test on properties of materials. It covers topics like crystal structures of iron phases, calculating densities and lattice constants, modeling interatomic potential energy, determining stiffness and Young's modulus from an energy function, interpreting an aluminum-copper phase diagram. The test has both sketch and calculation questions. It provides context for each question, lists the questions, and provides space for the student to show their work and write their answers.

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    This document contains a 7 question test on properties of materials. It covers topics like crystal structures of iron phases, calculating densities and lattice constants, modeling interatomic potential energy, determining stiffness and Young's modulus from an energy function, interpreting an aluminum-copper phase diagram. The test has both sketch and calculation questions. It provides context for each question, lists the questions, and provides space for the student to show their work and write their answers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    237 views5 pages

    MECH2419 Test 2015 Solution

    Uploaded by

    Yau Chung Hin Harris
    This document contains a 7 question test on properties of materials. It covers topics like crystal structures of iron phases, calculating densities and lattice constants, modeling interatomic potential energy, determining stiffness and Young's modulus from an energy function, interpreting an aluminum-copper phase diagram. The test has both sketch and calculation questions. It provides context for each question, lists the questions, and provides space for the student to show their work and write their answers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    Test for MECH2419 Properties of Materials

    Date: 22nd October, 2015

    Time: 12:30pm-1:10pm

    Name of student: ___________________________ (Write clearly in block letters)


    University Number: ________________________
    Instructions: Answer ALL questions in the spaces provided below. You may use a
    calculator.

    (1) Sketch the unit cells for the ferrite and austenite phases of iron. In the unit cell for
    austenite, indicate the (111) plane, and in a separate drawing, sketch the atomic
    positions on this plane. Repeat these steps for the (110) plane in the unit cell for ferrite.
    (8 marks)
    Answer:
    Ferrite has BCC structure

    (1 mark)

    (BCC structure 1 mark, (110) plane 2 marks)


    Austenite has FCC structure

    (1 mark)

    (FCC structure 1 mark, (111) plane 2 marks)

    (2) Given that the lattice constant of austenite Fe is 3.52, estimate the lattice constant of
    ferrite Fe. The atomic mass of Fe is 55.85gmol-1. Calculate the densities (mass per unit
    volume) of both the ferrite and austenite forms of Fe. [Hint: Avogadros number = 6.02
    1023 .]
    (6 marks)
    Answer:
    3 = 2 = 4 (atomic radius)
    So, = 2/3 = 2/3 3.52 = 2.87

    (2 marks)

    Densities:
    In bcc (ferrite), there are 2 atoms,
    so density =

    255.85103 /(6.021023 )
    (2.871010 )3

    = 7848.9 kgm-3.

    (2 marks)

    = 8508.6 kgm-3.

    (2 marks)

    In fcc (austenite), there are 4 atoms,


    so density =

    455.85103 /(6.021023 )
    (3.521010 )3

    (3) The energy U of a solid crystal is represented by the following equation:


    U

    A B

    rm rn

    where r is the separation between atoms, m = 2 and n = 10. Given that the equilibrium
    atomic spacing occurs at r 3 10 10 m and U 4 eV, calculate the values of A and
    B. Calculate also the stiffness of an atomic bond at its equilibrium length, and estimate
    the Young modulus of the crystal.
    (8 marks)

    Answer:
    The energy function now reads: U

    At equilibrium at r ro , force F

    Uo

    A B
    .

    r 2 r 10

    Ar 8
    2 A 10 B
    dU 2 A 10 B
    3 11 0 , so 3 11 or B o .
    5
    dr
    ro
    ro
    r
    r

    A Aro8
    4A
    10 2
    2
    ro 5ro
    5ro

    5ro2U o 5 0.32 4

    0.45 eV nm2 = 7.2 10 20 J nm2


    4
    4

    (2 marks)

    Aro8 0.45 0.38


    B

    0.59 10 5 eV nm10 = 9.4 10 25 J nm10.


    5
    5

    (2 marks)

    or A

    Stiffness =

    2
    2

    (
    3

    10
    11

    )|

    = 4 +

    = 1.41 1016 J nm-2 = 141 N/m

    141

    0.3

    Youngs modulus = =

    = 470 GPa

    110

    12

    67.21020
    (0.3)4

    1109.41025
    (0.3)12

    (2 marks)
    (2 marks)

    ~ 3%

    ~ 21%

    Questions 4 to 7 concern the Al-rich side of the Al-Cu phase diagram shown below:

    (4) Which of the following statements are true?


    (A) 10 wt.% of Cu can dissolve homogeneously into Al at 500C.
    (B) The phase is a substitutional alloy with the FCC structure.
    (C) The -CuAl2 phase contains roughly 1 Al atom out of every 3 atoms.
    (D) An Al-Cu alloy with 4 wt.% Cu well equilibrated at room temperature should consist
    of two solid phases.
    (E) The solubility of Cu into Al decreases with increasing temperature from room
    temperature to ~540C.
    (F) There is no eutectic reaction in the Al-Cu phase diagram.
    Answer (e.g. A and B, etc.): __B and D__________________ (2 marks)

    As shown in the phase diagram above, an Al-Cu alloy containing 10 wt % of Cu overall


    would be partially melted when maintained at 600C for sufficient time. Determine the
    following from the phase diagram:
    (5) Weight % of Cu in the liquid phase at 600C: _~21%_(see red line in phase diagram
    above) (2 marks)
    (6) Weight % of Cu in the solid phase at 600C: __~3%_(see blue line)__ (2 marks)
    (7) % by weight of the liquid phase present in the alloy at 600C: By lever rule, (10-3)/(213) = 38.9% (2 marks)
    4

    Total mark of paper = 30


    Report mark as xx/30, e.g. 25/30

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