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    Learning and Human Abilities

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    Ivy Gonzales
    This document discusses learning and human abilities. It defines learning as a permanent modification or change in behavior resulting from practice or experience. The learning process involves being motivated to achieve a goal, encountering obstacles, making exploratory responses, and overcoming obstacles to achieve the goal. Learning theories include associative learning through habit formation by associating stimuli and responses. The document provides examples of classical conditioning involving stimulus substitution and operant conditioning involving reinforcement of behaviors.

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    Learning and Human Abilities

    Uploaded by

    Ivy Gonzales
    119 views3 pages
    This document discusses learning and human abilities. It defines learning as a permanent modification or change in behavior resulting from practice or experience. The learning process involves being motivated to achieve a goal, encountering obstacles, making exploratory responses, and overcoming obstacles to achieve the goal. Learning theories include associative learning through habit formation by associating stimuli and responses. The document provides examples of classical conditioning involving stimulus substitution and operant conditioning involving reinforcement of behaviors.

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    Learning and Human Abilities

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    This document discusses learning and human abilities. It defines learning as a permanent modification or change in behavior resulting from practice or experience. The learning process involves being motivated to achieve a goal, encountering obstacles, making exploratory responses, and overcoming obstacles to achieve the goal. Learning theories include associative learning through habit formation by associating stimuli and responses. The document provides examples of classical conditioning involving stimulus substitution and operant conditioning involving reinforcement of behaviors.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    119 views3 pages

    Learning and Human Abilities

    Uploaded by

    Ivy Gonzales
    This document discusses learning and human abilities. It defines learning as a permanent modification or change in behavior resulting from practice or experience. The learning process involves being motivated to achieve a goal, encountering obstacles, making exploratory responses, and overcoming obstacles to achieve the goal. Learning theories include associative learning through habit formation by associating stimuli and responses. The document provides examples of classical conditioning involving stimulus substitution and operant conditioning involving reinforcement of behaviors.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Polytechnic University of the Philippines

    College of Accountancy and Finance


    Sta. Mesa, Manila

    Learning and
    Human Abilities.
    Submitted to:
    Ms. Geraldine Santos
    Submitted by:
    Baluyot, Gency Joyce
    Coronado, Eunice
    Dela Cruz, Silayan
    Gonzales, Ivy
    Lozano, Earl Valentin
    Reyes, John Wilfred
    BSA 1-11

    Learning and Human Abilities.

    A. The Meaning and Nature of Learning


    Learning is the:
    Permanent modification of behavior which results from activity, special training and
    observation (Munn)
    Permanent change of behavior as the result of practice (Hilgard)
    Concept describing changes in behavior, which results from reinforced practice(Edwards)
    Common to most definitions of Learning:

    Changes in behavior which are relatively permanent


    Practice or past experience
    Concept of reinforcement

    It is difficult to observe learning directly. There may be changes in behavior but we


    cannot say conclusively that learning alone counts for the change in behavior. Other factors like
    motivation, adaptation and fatigue may also lead an organism to show changes in behavior.
    Learning may be apparent and be deliberate as in working through a difficult
    mathematical problems; it may be subtle and unnoticed as in the gradual assimilation of culture.
    Learning is a lifetime process. For as long as one is alive, we keep on interacting with
    forces of the environment and we are driven by varied motivations. The person who says that his
    learning has ceased with schooling reveals the paucity of his understanding.

    B. Steps in the Learning Process


    Miller and Doltard aptly express the essential aspects of learning thus, In order to learn,
    one must want something, notice something, do something and get something.. Dashiells
    diagram of readjustment behavior illustrates the learning process.

    Fig. 1 Dashiells Readjustment Behavior Diagram


    (1) Motivated individual encounters an (2) obstacle that blocks his goal and the
    satisfaction of his motives. He makes (3) exploratory responses, until (4) he gets around the
    obstacle to the (5) goal.
    Viewpoints regarding the learning process are varied. We can summarily group these
    viewpoints into two:
    1. Associative Learning (Habit Formation)
    According to this viewpoint, behavior is learned through habit formation by associating S
    (Stimulus) and R (Response), i.e., when we are asked the name of a wearing apparel, we answer
    dress. This viewpoint can be illustrated in the experiments on a) Classical Conditioning, b)
    Operant Conditioning, c) Multiple-Response learning, and in d) Escape and avoidance learning.

    a) Classical Conditioning (stimulus substitution) is the method of substituting


    another stimulus for an original one to elicit a response.

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