Tae WORKBOOK Student's Virginia - Neil O'Sullivan Dias ss PublishingCLICK ON 2 WORKBOOK Student's Virginia Evans - Neil O'Sullivan 4s Express PublishingPublished by Express Publishing liberty House, New Greenham Park, Newbury, Berkshire RG19. GHW. Tel: (0044) 1635 817 369 Fox: (0044) 1635 817 463 email: inquiries@expresspublishing, co.uk Inip: // wow expresspublishing. co.uk © Virginia Evans - Neil O'Sullivan, 2001 Dasign ond illustration © Express Publishing, 2001 ‘Al rights reserved. No port ofthis publication mey be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by ary means, electronic, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior ‘written permission of the publishers. First published 2001 Second impression 2001 ISBN 1.84216.703.0 Acknowledgements Authors’ Acknowledgements We would like to thank al he stoff ot Express Publishing who have contibutd their skls to producing this book. Thanks ‘re duo in porcular to: Mogan Lawton (Edt in Cho], Slophanie Smith ond Seon Todd [serior editor), Michaol Sadler cand Andrew Wright (editorial esistans,Richarel Whit (tonior production controle), tho Express design teem, and Kevin Harrie, Dovid Smith, Timahy Forster, Stoven Gibbs, Eric Sinmons and Eric Taylor for ther eppert ond patience We would alto like to thank those insitvtions ond teachers who piloted the manuscript, and whose comments and feedback ware invaluable inthe production ofthe book ‘The authors and publchre with fo thank he following, who have kindly given peaisin forthe we of copyright material: Photograph Acknowledgements ‘© INKE REUTERS fr pictures of J.B. Tolkien, Agatha Chrisie ond C.S Lewis on p. 14 Colour tusttions: Nathan, Chs, Pon While every ofr hos been made fo roc al he copyright elders, if ony have been inadverenly overlooked the publishers willbe plecsed Yo moke the necessary arrangements af he Fist oppor.Contents What do you do? aetslehielea niadioasuinis PE fh Then and Now!.. p10 Have you ever ...? p16 What o day! pi 22 I'm going to be... ... f p. 28 Food and Festivities ..... p. 34 You'd better... ccssssssssssessseesee Ee eee . p. 40 What ore the rules? ssn p. 46 Manmade Wonders et p. 52 ATT) chorcters nnsnseene acca ramcaimrienatsy Bt Age Click on Grammar UNIT 1 Present Simple, Adverbs of Frequency, Present Continuous, Prepositions of fime (at, in, ON) sssstsssee F Ei p64 UNIT 2 Past Simple, Used to, Personal Pronouns, Possessives, The Possessive Case, at, on, in p. 70 UNIT 3. Present Perfect, Ever - Never, Already - Yet - Just, For - Since, Past Simple vs Present Perfect, Have gone (to) - Have been (to), Prepositions of Place sfipaRguggl® UNIT 4 Post Continuous, Past Continuous vs Past Simple, Adjectives - Adverbs waco Pe 82 UNIT 5 Future Simple, Be Going to, Present Continuous (with future meaning) sie | poe 488 UNIT 6 Plurals, Irregular Plurals, Countable - Uncountable Nouns, Some - Any / A- An, A lot of - Much/Many - A few/A little... veins Pa, £192) UNIT 7 — Comparisons, Comparatives and Superlatives of Adjectives / Adverbs, Conditionals Type O and Type 1, Relative pronouns / Relative adverbs... p. 98 UNIT 8 Imperative, Modal Verbs (have to - don’t have to, must - mustn't, can - can’, should - shouldn't], Someone - Anyone = No OM€ sy.s-me Ria poe 10d UNIT 9 The Passive, The Definite Article “The”, Prepositions of Movement (along, towords, over, under, into, post, through, a¢r0$8) war ranu p. 110 UNIT 10 The Infintive/-ing form, Too - Enough, Linkers, Expressing Preference (prefer - would prefer - would rather), Indirect Questions, Time Clauses, Question Togs ..... p. 116 Irregular Verbs. p. 122 Progress Tests p. 123What do you do? Vocabulary Label the activities. Which is your favourite/ least favourite? How often do you do it? Hove cycling but | hate fishing. I go cycling every weekend. 4 sentences, as in the 2 Use the key to wri example. IS O68 Le ee a ala S 1 Joon / @/ listen / music Joon loves listening to music 2 Tim /® / cur / grass 3. John and Mary / 4 Ann / Q/ gardening 5 Peter / ©)/ walk / dog / cooking 6 Tina / 3-9) Write the times in full, as in the example. ‘My name's Alan and I’m a teacher at Bolton Primary School. I get up at 1) quarter past six every morning. | go for a run in the park, then take a shower avout GB) » breaktast then I catch the bus to work at (5) Ha. The schoo! bell rings Thave and lessons begin . Ge 6) Lunch is irom Ge) 7 iki © GD » School finishes 0¢ (GED) 9). {usually ative home at (GBB) 10) J have dinner at around m and then I usually watch TV or read a book. Sometimes I go out with my friends but I never go to bed late. b) Atk and answer, os in the example. $1: What is Alon’s job? $2: He's a teacher. What time does he get up? 53: He gets up at quarter past six. What ...4 Fill in the nationalities. Which of the countries are in Europe, America, Africa, Asia? A 8 1 after e 2 teport a 4 5 6 mak 7 des 8 b) Use the phrases in Ex. 5a to write sentences about the pictures (1 - 7), as in the example, 1 Ashop assistant. = 4A nurse serves customers. 6 Replace the words in bold with a synonym. ery morning, going to take Bob a very long time to finish hat crossword puzzle to shut the en you lea cult 1o do all the housework on my exciting 6 Aln| ordinary doy int begins at 6am. ' of @ policeman 7 Circle the correct response 1A: [like scuba 5A : 8 oA 2A B 7A 3A: Fancy joining @ Sorry, | can B b That's righ 4A hat B Ay name’Grammar Use the prompts to ask and answer questions about Tim, as in the example. 1 What time/Tim get up? |7:00) What time does Tim get up? He gets up at 7:00. What time/he/have breakfast? (7:30) He/walk/the dog every doy? [nol What time/he/catch the irain to work? (8:15) What/he/do at 18:30? (have dinner When /he/go to/bed? [10:00} oUReNn 9a) Answer the questions about yourself. 1 What time do you get up? have breakfas!? stort school work? go to bed? Do you go to bed early on Saturdays? How do you spend your weekdays: in the morning, at recn, in he afternoon, in the evening? 4 Is there anything that you do only on Sundays? en b) Use firs, then, offer that, finally to write about your daily morning/evening ro {usually get up at 7 o’clock. First, | hove a shower, then... ete 10 4] Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple. What does Peter do? Peter Smith 1} lives (live) in a small town in the countryside, Peter 2) enjoy) living and working close to nature. He 3) (nt like) life in the city because he can’t stand crowds and the city traffic. He always 4) (wake up) eatly in the moming and 5) (have) a big healthy breakfast. Alter thot he 6) {drive} to work, Peter 7) {not work} indoors; he 8) look after) people's gardens with the help of his assistant, Chris. Together they 9) {water plants and 10) {plant} trees. Peter usually 11) (finish) work at cround three in the afternoon. In his free time, he 12) (grow) his own fruit and vegetables. b) Ask and answer, as in the example. Sl: Where does Peter live? 6 S2: He lives ina small town in the countryside. Why doesn't he like life in the city? 53: Because he can’t stand ... etc 1] Ask and answer, as in the example. Sally & Ted Mary 1 Ann ~ wash the car? A: Is Ann washing the car? B: No, she isn’t. John is washing the car. Ann’s tidying the living room John ~ play tennis? Tim & Sue ~ rollerblading? Sally & Ted ~ sleep? Mary - tidy the living room? Peter — ride a bike? cuReN 12 Pur the verbs in brackets into the present simple or present continuous. 1 Jerry usually does (do) his homework in the evening but now he is watching watch] TV, 2 Wendy {not/drive) 10 work She always tioke} the train, 3 We (go) climbing tomorrow, {you/want} to join us? 4a {she/live} in New York? B: Yes, but at the moment she {stay} with @ friend in London. 5 Peter and Andrew (be) journalists. This Monday they (fy) to Brazil 6 Sally sometimes {play} tennis after work, Today, she (go) t0 the cinema, though: 7A: [you/meet} your friends later? B: Yes. Fancy joining us?13 Complete the sentences with in, on, or at. 1 [have @ German class on Monday. 2 My att class finishes quarier past six the evening 3 Tuesdeys | visi my grandparents at their home in Surrey 4 | usually get up early go for a run in the park the morning ond 5: [like to take o nap the afternoon © She likes to read Sunday afternoons. 7 | usually go to bed ten o'clock night 14 Imagine you are ata summer camp abroad and meet a person from another country. Introduce yourself and ask questions to get to know each other, then suggest doing something together. name? age? where from? job? favourite sport? 1 Hello, I'm What's 2 2 3 4 & & We're going Fancy 7 Communication (joining a club} 15.0) Read the dialogue and fill in the questions, A: Hello. Welcome to Grangetield Sports Cente How can | help you? B: Hello. Id lke lo become @ member. A: OK. 1) ? 8: Paul Fraser A: And 2) ? 8: 72, Millon Steet A: 3l ? 8: Well, Id reolly ke fo play basketball A: I see. 4) 2 B: I'm free on Monday and Wednesday evenings A: Well, you're in luck. Our basketball coach is hete every Monday and Wednesday B: That's great. I'll stort next Monday, b) Use the prompts to act out similar dialogues. * Mary Gray- 13, Apple Street volleyball - Tuesday & Friday evenings * Steve Smith - 26, Park Siret - tennis Wednesday & Thursday evenings Listening 16 G> Match the speakers to their jobs. 1 Speaker 1 [J a. singor 2 Speoker 2 F] b lory driver 3 Speaker 3. 5 ae = eee El @. business executive 5 Speaker 5 £ architect Linkers We use: * ond fo join similar ideas. She's Sally and she is a nanny. © but to cin contrasting ideas. He lives in London but he comes from Spain. because fo give reason, She gats tired becouse she works long hours. 17 Filli 1 She usvolly goes to work on foo! her olfice is near her house. . 2 Ruth usually eats o solad for lunch today she is eating 0 sandwich 3 They love swimming like swimming in the cold sea. 4 In the morning the children go waterskiing canoeing cand, but or because. they don’t 18 Join the sentences using and, but or because. 1. The Watsons aren't having a barbecue. tis raining, 2 Ben leaves his job ot 5 o'clock. He cotches the train to go home. 3 You could say she leads a double life. She has wo jobs. 4 Mary loves her job, She doesn't ke working on Sundays.Reading 19 a) Look at the picture and the title. What do you think the article can be about? b) Read the article and circle the correct answer; A {for Right), B (for Wrong) or C (if there is not enough information to answer). Allin a Day's © Work Liz Burton never gets a ‘good night's sleep, but sh doesn't mind, because she has a job women rarely do, She's a milkwoman. Liz's working day starts at 2am witha drive to the dairy to. collect her milk float She starts delivering pints at about 3am and continues until midday. It can be when lonely driving through the streets in the dead of night but Liz doesn’t mind it When Liz gets home, after work, at about Ipm, she has “breakfast”, then goes shopping or watches TV. She doesn’t have much of a social life, because she’s free, most of her friends are at work. Liz is always in bed by 10 o'clock. So, why does she do it? The answer is simple: Liz loves working outdoors. She sees foxes searching for food in the streets at night and the sun rising every ‘moming. Not many of us get to see such wonderful things, but for Britain’s milkmen and mitkowomen it's all in a day's work! © liz never sleeps. 1 wor ig B Wrong © Doesn't say 2 Liz delivers milk until twelve o'clock A Right BB Wrong C Doesn't say 3. Liz likes watching comedies on TV A Right = B Wrong © Doesn't say 40 1 see her friends very often, A Right B Wrong — C Doesn't say 5 Liz has got problems with her family A Right B Wrong —C Doesn't say 6 liz doesn't enjoy working outdoors A Right B Wrong C Doesn't say 20 Read the article in Ex. 19b and find one example for each of the linkers: and, but or because. Writing (an article about someone's daily routine] 21 a) Read the article below and put the paragraphs in the correct order. Professor Nutkin hos quite 0 lot of free He enjoys going to the cit sciencefiction films. He also spends a le [A Time: on his computer [B[_] Professor Nutkin has a very unusual job, Rs @ very interesting one, though. He is an inventor. C[_] Inventing con be very difficul, bu Professor Nutkin loves his job. "I's gieat to able new,” he soys. “Inventing things makes me very happy.” D]_] Every morning, his clarm clock wakes fim up at eight o'clock. He has breakfast in bad! then he gets up ond leeds his three dogs. At nine o'clock, he goes into his laboratory and works ‘on his {atest invention - a machine for makir to create something favourite sandwiches. E|_] At two o'clock, Professor Nutkin hos lunch. Then, at around three o'clock he tokes his dogs for a walk. “| often have ideas for inventions while I'm in the park with my dogs,” he says. After that, he fidies the house ond reads the newspaper. b) Underline the topic 5 sentence which summarises the paragraph or introduces the subject of the paragraph) in each paragraph. Can you suggest other appropriate topic sentences? ¢} Can you suggest an appropriate tile?22 Correct the mistakes. Write S (for spelling), P [for punctuation}, M (for missing word) and GR (for grammar) 2 loves sleeping late, so he doesnt gels @ 12:00 noon, After a huge brakefost sits in front of his computer. During the day he composes music for his songs: an aitang band, In night he porformes with them ot o club i the city daily routine we write an article about someon uolly write five paragraphs. In the intoduction, we vite the person's name and what their job is, In the second paragraph, we wite obou! the person's In the thitd paragraph, we write about the person’s afternoon routine. In the four paragraph, we w ;on does in his/her fee time, In the conclusion, we write the menls and/or feelings about their job. mally u these types of out what this 23. 4) Look at the picture, then read the questions and circle the correct answer. Isa great job. It’s the pleasure and delight my show gives to children that makes it 7 SPSS ET rewarding 1 does Jim Baxen do? e s he work? a inan offic b atchildren’s 3 What does he do at o forms Wicks. by Het ents atc canis, 4 ork? ally in the af noons b) Put the activities in the order in which they happened, then talk about Jim’s daily routine and free-time activities. go jogging on the beach check with the agency for aftemoon appointments get up at seven MORNING O O00 0 practise new tricks have @ healthy breakfast prepare his equipment and clothes have lunch drive to work mest frionds for dinner at 9:00 finish work at 8:00 go to bed ot 12:00 O00 EVENING AFTERNOON Dislikes * gardening * fishing * eoting out * reading books * surfing the net Jim gets up at 7 o'clock every day. He 24 Write an article for a teens magazine about Jim Baxen's typical day. Use your answers in Ex. 23 and the plan below. You can also use the article in Ex. 210, as a mode! Begin: Jim Baxen can’t think of anything he doesn’t like about his job. ~~ Plan i _ Introduction . [Pora 1) person's name and job i Main Body i {Para 2} morning routine i {Pore 3} afternoon routine i [Para 4) free time activities i Conclusion j [Poa 5) comments /foolings about i the job) Draw your family tree and talk about your family. 2 Write os in the exemple. Then and Now! Vocabulary rae (f Vinci, Italy «1. ] a] Look at the family tree and complete the if " aon lous, France r519 sentences. — Jacques Yves Cousteau was an oceanogropher. He was born in StAndré-de-Cubzac, France in 1910. He died in Paris in 1997. 2 Elizabeth -Stuort John) Janice -Jeren ; 4 1 Max is Jenny's father. 2 Ted is Amy's A 9. Elizabeth is Bob's 4 Jeremy is lonice’s 5. john is Jenny's SF an OO 7 6 Martha is Stats en 7. Jenny is Bob's 8 Elizabeth is John's 9 Stuar is Ted's 10 Janice is Bob's Fill in: with, by, in, at, t0, of. Mr Conway ond his granddaughter, Jessie, are in the park. Listen to their conversation and tick (v/) the correct answer. 1 Where does Jessie want to go? A the 200 a B the adventure ployground ] C the golf course a 2 What was in the playground before? A the golf course a B animals Q C swings a 3. What used to be in the park? A trees a B cars o C the golf course o 4 What animals lived in the z00? A lions Qg B chickens Qo C tigers a 5. Jessie thinks the park used to be A different o B boring o C exciting Oo © When Mr Conway was young, his family didn’t have a A rabbit a B swing a C cay oO Reading 19 a) Who is your favourite author? Can you name some of his/her books? b) Read the biographies and answer the questions. JERR. Tolkien was born in South Atrica in 1892. He ‘came to England when he was four. He went to Oxford University and fought in World War I. Later he became 4 professor at Oxford University. He wrote The Hobbit, The Lord of the Rings and many other books which are still very popular today. ‘Agatha Christie was born in Torquay, England, in 1890, ‘She didn't go to school. Her mother taught her at home. Agatha Christie worked as @ nurse and started writing detective novels in her spare time, She wrote iwen novels about Hercule Poirot, the Belgian detective, and also wrote plays, including The Mousetrap which played for over twenty-one years in London, She became a Dame in 1971 é Beatrix Potter was horn in London in 1866, As a chil, she enjoyed family holidays in the Lake District. This, * was when she started to write about animals, She also ‘began to paint animals. She weote her frst stories about Peter Rabbit and other characters to cheer up a sick child. When she saw how much the child enjoyed the stories, she decided 10 publish them. They became very popular with children allover the world. CS. Lewis was born in Belfast, Nosthern Ireland in 1898, Lewis went away to school. After school he attended Oxford University. Later he became 1 teacher ‘at both Oxford and Cambridge Universities. He wrote a lot of books, but most young people know The Lion, she Witch and the Wardrobe, This was the first in a series of books, called the Cironicles of Narnia, that children still, love to read today, Which author(s)... 1 was not born in Europa? 2. painted pictures of animals? 3. wrote detective novels? 4 worked in o hospital? 5. went to university? 6 used to be a soldier? ¢) Have you read any books by the authors mentioned above? IFyes, which one? Why did you/didn’t you like if? Writing (an article describing a place then and now) 20 Which of the following can you use to describe the place you live? Tick (/), then make sentences as in the example. small theates ...., busy streets ...., fantastic nightclubs ...., antique shops ...., Star hotels ...., clear sea ...., clean beaches ...., huge shopping centre ...., long pier ...., picturesque couniryside ...., tall blocks of flals ..., small cofés ...., seaside restauranls ...., beautiful parks ..., traditional cottages There are huge shopping centres in my town.21 Read the article and find a title, then answer the questions. 11 stschnoo! isa easslde'tounc Sepa Zak “Touran ant theaires and nighiclubs or do their shopping in the huge shopping centre. They can also visit the > Pleasure Beach, a huge amusement park with one of the biggest rollercoasters inthe world. 4] Nowadays, most tourists visit Blackpool for a fun day out oF a weekend break. I's a busy seaside resort with lots of attractions and full of tourists both young and old. Why not see it for yourself? pool Tower where people used have balls. There were also three 1 piers stretching out into the lish Families used to walk along the ‘weekends or swim in the sea asn’t too cold. [3] Blackpoo! is not a small quiet "town anymore. There are hundreds ‘of nice guest houses and lovely hotels to stay in. There are also | many attractions for people of all 1 Which poragiaph is o description of Blackpool in the past? Whal tense and/or giammatical structure does the writer use? 2 wi What tense is used? 3. What kind of information does the writer give in the inttoduction? 4 What information does the writer include in the conclusion? 5. Where can you read such an atlicle? h paragraph is @ description of Blackpool in the present? hen we write a descriplion of & place which has changed over the years usvally write four paragraphs. In the introduction, we write the nome and location of the ploce. In the second paragraph, we give a description of the place in the post. In the thd paragraph, we give a description of the place in the present. Inthe conclusion, we give a brief summary of the present image of the place. We con also recommend the place to the 22 4) Look at the advertisement and talk about Brighton today. Brighton is Britain’s most popular seaside resort 'b) The comments below describe what Brighton was like eighty years ago. Which describe the place itself? Which describe how people lived then? A. It was a tiny fishing village. | grew to @ town when the railway opened B There were no big houses or hotels, only small shermen’s cottages. C People used to swim in the seo or go for walks on the beach. D There weren't any shops or cinemas by the marina E Childen ployed in the sheets or made sandcasles 23 Write on article (120 - 150 words} about what Brighton used to be like and what it is like today. Begin: “Brighton is a seaside town on the south coast cof England.” End: “Brighton has «a bot bo offer visitors ofall ages. {sc great place to visit.” Use the information in Ex. 22 as well as the article in Ex. 21 as. a model. Introduction (Para 1) name/location of place ‘Main Body (Para 2) whor the place was like in the past what the place is like now Conclusion (Para 4) (Para 3) recommendation16 Have you ever ...? Vocabulary ] 4) Match the pictures to the descriptions. key P~ Pen {leather and we use ito keep ou eo ‘ond metal item which we use to 3 plastic and glass an AT] I's made of plastic ond we use it to make made of metal and we open/lock doors. 2. a) It was John’s birthday on Sunday. Look at the pictures ond write descriptions of the presents he got, putting the prompts in the right order. | le | = old box / meta den strap watch / John got a gold watch with a black leather strop. 3 b) What did you get for your birthday? Describe two of your presents, as in the example. I got a cotton cap with blue stripes. 3 Describe the objects, as in the example de I's a round orange plastic ball with blA. Circle the correct word. 1 Last Saturday we went on a short trip/travel to the coast 2A: "What's the matter/wrong?* B: “I've got « terrible headache.” 3 This is the first time/minute he has come to london 4 On Sundays Joan passes/spends mosi of her time doing her homework. 5. Be careful not to lose/miss your keys. © That skirt doesn't suit/fit me; it's too small 5 Complete the sentences with the words in the list below. * parks # haunted # breath * show carvings # time # adventure ® lifetime * characier * josies 1 Thete is o world of fun and waiting for you at Disneyland, Paris, 2 | read a frightening story about a house. 3. Our visit to Hollywood wos the trip of a A Children love going to theme 5. The scenery took my oway 6 Ann bough! o pair of oval sapphires. 7 We saw a film about o man who travelled back in 8 Mickey Mouse is the most famous carioon Walt Disney ever created. 9 The DJ played different kinds of music to suit all with 10. They went fo a live ‘on Saturday evening Fill in: of, on, for, in, at. 1 Are you waiting someone? 2 Can | take a look the photos? 3 Look this mess! 4 The film is based a famous character. 5. Have you ever ridden an old-fashioned tiverboot? 6 The theme park is set colmost 3,000 actes 7 Have you ever dreamed gcing back time? 8 | have never been «@ rollercoaster. => @eNOURwN oN Grammar ‘Ask and answer about Mary, as in the ‘example. eat dinner 7 make her bed W walk the dog X dust furniture 7 finish homework 7 have a both 7 hoover the carpet X cut the grass X Hos Mary finished her homework? Yes, she has. Ask, as in the example. The cot looks hungry. lyou - feed - him) Have you fed him? Jane looks ill. {she - catch - cold Tom is laughing, [he - hear - joke) That dress is loose. [you - lose - weight} You look happy. lyou - have - good news} Ted has got a nice sunion, (he - be - abroad} Something smells nice. (you - bake - cake] You look worried. (you - lose - something) Complete each sentence with the correct verb from the list below, using the present perfect. * sprain * see * break # buy ® not decide @ not do ® find ® lose She has found her suitcase. |! was at the lost property office. you the new James Bond film yet? We sill where to go for our summer holiday. We're quite pleased with our shopping, We a lot of souvenirs “What's wrong with Sheila?” “She her wrist.” Danny his keys. Open the door for him, please Bob any housework this week I'm sorry, | your favourite vase. vu10 ©) Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the present od perfect. year Mum and Dad, = 1) ve jet found (uotffind) some time to write Edinburgh te Fantastic. Terry and \ 2) (be) very busy sightoeeina We 3) a morning. We 4) (arrive) here on Friday (take) our laggeae ‘to the hotel ‘and immediately 5) (go) on a tour around the city cere, We 6) : e aotle first and chen 7) wmnom (weit) Eanburgh castle Firs Dems Stree m a café. We 8) ~ CArorlR) the National Gallery SF Scotland yet. We 10) on rotliry) any, traditional disheo. 5 (ett aoe restart ond : For shoppina, We Eaevurgh ie leo art T° arendyiny) 4.10 ot fio for everyone. Princesa Street, ape, are, must ve the busiest ". (everleee}! S65 Ganon Til write back soon 10 far, but we're Sowenire and aifte where most of the sh street we 12) ‘Anyway, | hav Lote of love Diane b) Now answer the questions. * What have they already done? * What haven't they done yet? 1ave/has been or have/has gone. 1 Jamie has gone to the cinema. He'll be home ot around 10:00 2 We 10.0 lot of countries 3 He olieady to london so he's going to Ankara for his holiday. 4 A: Where's Tim? B: Ho shopping 5. Mum and Dad to the theatre, they aren't here 12 : just, never, ever, for, since, already, yet. 1 Have you ever been bungee(umping? 2 Helen and | haven't talked to each other ‘wo years. 3. John hos 18 played football in 4 Both has finished her homework. She's watching TV now 5 | can't watch Home Alone again — I’ve seen it iwice 6 Julie hasn’t decided what to give Bill for his binhday 7 Mary's family have lived in Canada she was a baby. 8 | can't believe you haven't finished your lunch Hurry up! 9 Ive finished tidying my room, What else do you want me to do? 10 Has Jean been to England? 19, Put the verbs in brackels into the present perfect or the past simple, as in the example. 1 A: Where's Tom? B: 1 {not/see] him today 2 A: You look tired. B: Yes, | {stay/up} late lost nigh 3 A: What's the matter? 3: | (lose) my purse 4 A; Who's that? B: | don't know. | {never/see) her before 5. A; Excuse me, What time is jhe next bus to london? B: I'm sorry, you {iust/miss) the last one 6 A; What's your new boss like? B: Very nice (mee!) her yesterday. 7 A: ls that diess new? B: No, | (have) 1 for ages 8 A: How was your holiday, Sue? B: Fantastic! We (have) @ great time. 14, a) Complete the sentences with the correct prepositions of place. asd 2 The women is her son. rBai Communication (buying tickets) 17 0} Complete the dialogue withthe sentences in the list below. Where does the dialogue take place? Thanks. please. # How may I help you? A 8 8 lickels for he 7:00pm performance reduced rates for children? A ildren poy hal-price B: I'd like | fulkprice and 2 halfprice, please A B: candinaaN b) Act out similar dialogues using the prompts below. b) Look around you! Use prepositions of ; place to talk about where things/people are Ataihe. tlldestn) ‘our tickets - 6:00pm guided tour - students mbes c 1 full price/3 half-price - £15 15, Imagine o friend of yours has lost his briefcase. What questions would you ask him? F the aquarium) four tickets - 5:00pm show - children under 0 - 2 full-price/2 half-price - £13 Listening 1 (<> Listen to Becky telling Georgia about fer holiday. Becky went to five countries. 16 Circle the correct response. 1 as Disneyland, Poris ike? What did she buy in each country? Write the rac letters next to each country. K. 2 been on holiday for years. f Sot 2 twos fre wvenirs b Welll Here's your chance 2 3. A: Why don't you look under the table? France . Ba ecked Switelond.... at better look rant A | started tidying my our ago , but | hoven't finished yet. Spoin.... 5AReading a) Look at the presents A to H. Which would you buy for a six-year-old girl/boy? pr ye y ‘y' g y b] The people below all want to buy presents for their children. Read the descriptions next to the items (A- H) and match them to the people (1 - 5). There has never been o | FAT] 1 Julie's 6-yearold daughter bake eerpowedil ris y af 24300. Its also safe and loves playing with dolls, but peed ig es Julie thinks she already has children ond cduh enough of them. She wants fo 15 yeors and buy her something that will last 00 ine -_ ad B 2 lynne’s Byeareld son likes anything to do with soldiers and bo tats, Re HaGe toss wad to ‘A classic gift that every girl has / always wanted, his beautiful bouy him toy gun, a handmade dolls h ee treasure she con keep fore aes a a" — 3. Stephen's son is only 2 years found the aif thot every old. He wants to buy him leenager won this yea something colourful to pull A pair of Br rollerblades. B long the floor. a” Children can hove E] ee fun with this brightly pullalong aerop| 4 Tims teenage daughter loves children aged 12-36 months being outdoors. He can't cfford to buy her a bicycle, but = he wanis to buy her something F ight, colour toy for ~ she con get around on. hildren aged 6:24 manths “ ae sy a ae 5 Adam's son loves sports. He wanis to buy him something they can play with together. itis raining outside, Mums and dads are welcome to join in the KX ® fH ¢} Do you like playing with toys or do you prefer board games? Which is your favourite? ation has The Redsand leo! 20Writing (a letter to a friend talking about your recent news) 20 ¢) Read the letter below and put the topic sentences in the right paragraphs. Well, that's all my news. Hi, how are you? There ore sill @ few things to do though As you know, I've been really busy lately moving into my new fla oOe> Dear Sue. Tt a moths since | last T]_] Its been a couple o Grate to you 60 | thought I'd better get in touch | ard tell you all my news. Z]_] | have finished moving the furniture in and lve unpacked most of my things. I've Ady ake n decorated the bedroom, too. It looks very rice. "ve painted the walls blue to match the carpet and Ive P cure you gave me above the bed. put the pic 3 | havertt decorated the living room yet. 1} Jbre decided what. colour to paint ith | haven't | bought any curtains either. | have though about L pairtirg the room pale green. Whats do you ‘think? a Write back eoon and tell me what you've ‘Fear up to lately. Love Linda oa b) Now, answer the following questions. 1 Who Is sending the letter? 2. Who is the recipient? 3. How does the letter star’? Could we start with Dear friend? How does the letter Finish? Which other phrases con you use instead of “Love 6 Which potagraph contains the opening remarks? Which paragraphs are the main body? 7 What tense does Linda use to talk cbout her news? 21 Correct the mistakes. Write S (for spelling), P {for punctuation), M {for missing word) and GR (for grammar). @bar Ann im having a fantastic time here in Disneyland, Paris, There are so many to see and do here | dont know where to star I've clieady been to Adventureland. | gone there on solurday it was great To wile leter 1o 0 friend ling him/her about your recent news we stat with “Dear’ + your fiends fst name. We never write “Dear fiend”. nthe inroduetion, we write cour opening remarks. In the second paragraph, we wits about what we have done recently. In he third paragraph, we write oboul what we sill haven't done. In the las paragraph, we write our closing rematks (e.g. That's al for ‘row, Thats al my news, Wiite back soon, e'c) and sign off wih love, / Yours, / Best wishes, / ec ond our fist name. We never write: Love, your fiend + your fist name. We can use abbreviations (e.g. Its, Ive, et! 22 Replace each of the topic sentences in Ex. 20a with other appropriate ones. ‘q) Bernie has moved to another town. Look ‘at the prompts and say what he has already done or he hasn't done yet. 1 start @ new job 2. get fo know quite o few people 3. buy ocor 4. make some friends at work 5 rent a rice flat 6 buy new furniture b) Which of the sentences 1 to 6 would you put in the first paragraph of the main body? in the second paragraph of the main body? ‘What topic sentences would you use to start each paragraph? RSSeNS8 24 Write the letter Bernie sent to his friend telling him/her about his recent news (100 - 120 words). Use the plan below, the ideas in Exs. 22 and 23 as well as your own ideas. You can also use the letter in Ex. 20a as a model. oc T Dear [friend's first name) | Introduction i | (Pora 1) opening remarks i ‘Main Body i {Para 2} things Bernie has done i (Para 3) things Bernie hasn't done yet | Conelusion i (Para 4) closing remarks i Yours, /love, /Best wishes, /etc Bernie 21i What a day! Vocabulary |) Look at the pictures. Use the prompts in the list to write sentences, as in the example. # angry * exhausted upsel Lyn feels upset. The meeting went My favourite toy very welll - _ 15 broken Pe ty Thope | get the job. Som Thave worked all night BEES - %, “i * Look at what & 3. While Stefanie was cooking dinner, she b] How do you feel when: your team wins? you watch a film about ghosts? you finish doing your homework? you have nothing to do on a Sunday catterncon? Complete the sentences with the words from the list below. ke * hoovering # set off ® slipped # han * footprints © realise ® yelled * ages © olitudk I'm s0 sorry, | didn’ on the phone. Oh no! The plane is losing you were tolking Mike was doing the when the phone rang. They for ecaily in the morning, He con the ice ond hurt his leg Don’t cout the washing yet. IPs going to rain ing on the phone for followed the in the snow and found the child. I'm sorry 1 ‘at you last night bu' was 16% y angry. Look at the pictures and complete the sentences. AAs Bill was driving to work yesterday morning, he ate inlo o hee, o Jomes was playing basketball, when he», his ankle. her hand. 4. Greg was eating nus, when he his tooth. 5 Jone was slicing @ carat, when she) | ft bp her finger. we4 a) Match the means of transport to what the people below are saying. I don't like the take-off filght. I nate being stuck in trafic -~—_ "9" ‘and not being able to find a place to park a b) Which of the following means of transport do we drive? ride? fly? * helicopter * scooter # taxi # glider # car * bus © bicycle © lorry # motorcycle * limousine # moped * aeroplane <) Which is your favourite means of transport? Why? 5 a) Match the words in column A to the words in column B to form phrases. A B 1 soaking a smoke 2 crocked ——_b ight 3. boiling © wet 4 thick d hot 5 flashing @ lips b) Use the phrases in Ex. 5a to complete the text below. We hed to land the plane in the desert. There was y coming from the engine 50 we quickly ran oway from the plane before it exploded, We walked for hours in the desett tying 1a find help. It was 2) under the sun and our bodies were 3) We desperaicly needed wale; we both hod 4) ond we were dying of hist. Suddenly, we saw @ 5) ithe distance. To our relief it wos 6 rescue leon! We would soon be saved! T se J always enjoy the % 3] Jalways get 4 reside Is always crowded and | can never find a seat. & / Ike watching the ountryside as we speed allong the tracks 6 Rona Write a synonym of the word(s) in brackets. She r__ the station at 7 o'clock; justin me to caich the train. (arrived ot) Atior a lovely dinner we r hotel room. {went back) My brother climbed the tree first ond then { f _ him. (went after) Jone «@ lovely card for her birthday. (got) fo our Circle the correct response. ‘A; | weited for over an hour for you yesterday. B: a What happened? b I'm s0 sorry, A: There was a lerrible fire at the factory. B: a How shocking! b Yes, of course A: Do you like my new dress? B: a Really? b I's lovely! ‘A: I'm sorry, There isn't any coffee left. B: a Never mind, b What a silly thing to dol ‘A: Hurry up! The bus is leaving a Oh, nol b I have no idea! Fill in: in, into, on, over, at. He lost his balonce and fell ihe river, | watched the plane fly the mountains. Finally we saw a bus coming ..,... the distance We were exhausted, but last we were safe, He saw three men horses. 23Grammar 9 Look at what the people in the pictures were doing yesterday morning at 11 o'clock. Then, in pairs, ask and answer questions, as in the example. clad? A: Was Sheila making a salad? B: No, she wasn’t, She was playing tennis. 2 Tom/tolk on the phone? 24 10 Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple ] or past continuous. Dear Jane, 11) wos (be) really pleased to receive your postcard. It sounds like you 2) (have) a great time in Spain. Anyway, you will never believe what 3) (happen) to me last weekend. 14) (go) to Anne's party when it 5) (start) to rain.As | 4) (wait) at the bus stop acar 7) swnen (Brive) past me at fall speed. Before 1 8) on. (know) it, | was soaking wet. | 9) (feel) miserable - the people at the bus stop 10) s vw» (laugh) and 1 11) (look) « mess. It was very embarrassing. Why do these things always happen to me? That's all for now. Write back soon. Love, 1 ‘Mary eer A (you/hear| the» B: What 2). . (happen)? A: Remember Jeff larks? Well, he 3) (dig) in his garde 2 (find) 8 {be} inside it? Oh, lucky him! 11. Circle the correct word. ching TV when/while 2 concert so/because bad 3 while/and drove to work 4 | missed this morning when/so | taxi to work : 5 hess for/while Ch r and/as he opened hear the phone and/because the music was loud. taised his while the teacher w d k n and/ ask @ qu xplaining the ©12 Use the adverb forms of the adjectives in the list to complete the sentences. ul © early © hard © loud ® lazy © good fo do the ex ) y party 1 > ‘on the phone. H I ) > Listening 13 (> tisten and tick the correct box for each question. 14 What are they saying? Match the questions to the pictures. n have a | album? Communication (making a witness statement) 15 a) Read the dialogue and fill in could, how, did o so, A: Excuse me, sir. 1) jake your ‘ent now, please? B: Of course A: 2) wh full nome? B: John Stevens. A 3) y did the accident ‘open, Mi Stevens? 8 the while Mini appeared from nowhere, I was going too fast and it hit the blue Ford 4) the Mini slow down a all? Only after it had hit the Ford. A: Thank you very much, Mr Stevens. | may need to ask you som B: That's O} b) Use the prompts below fo act out a similar dialogue.Reading a ; 16 2a): raise plameb inna coed oaler, . 1 o then ty to guess what happened. rm : b) Read the story and put the paragraphs into the correct order, then answer the questions. Why w ¢} What ttle would you give the story? d) Read the story again and underline all the adjectives ond adverbs used. Which adjectives describe people's feelings? Writing (a narrative)ut? Tick | A a sporis event i 8 17 Read the newspaper headline and answer the questions. THE VILLAGE NEWS== = MAN INJURED IN ASH LANE ~ CRASH ~ : 18 4) Match the sentences to the pictures on the right, ashed into { g his head on the as driving olong a ‘ountry lane on his way he said to be home to m blow out the on a bicycle in front of him. 1 Read the rubric. Then, use the plan below and your answers from Exs 17 and 18 to write your story for the competition. k By: Us he sore th sf You can use the story in Ex. 16 as a model complete the sentences below. lack * happily * hard © wet ool magazine has organised a short story competi 120-180 words with the tille "A Lucky ut slory for the competition write @ story ol 1. was 4:30 in the ofiernoon and 21 Plan ! Introduction 3 [Para 1) ser ‘Main Body < [Paras 2-4) dev 5 Steve smile ¢} Look at the pictures again. Conclusion Use the sentences in Ex. 18 5) end the tell the story. 27I'm going to be ... Vocabulary ] 9) Use the words in the list below to fill in the table. * skit # trainers © tie © trousers # flat shoes * high-heeled shoes # suit # hal # cardigan * chess # shirt ¢ belt * pullover * gloves * boots * leggings # jeans ® jacke * shorts © earrings MENSWEAR LADIESWEAR FOOTWEAR ACCESSORIES: ab 28 ‘Can you think of any more words to add? b) Talk about yourself. What do you like ‘wearing when you go: to school? to the beach? toa party? on a picnic? ri Steffi is wearing a red jacket, a pair of jeans, a white T-shirt and black shoes. 4} Look at the pictures and describe what the people are wearing using words/phrases from the list below, as in the example. *# dress # blue cotton shir ® slippers * white Fshiet # a pair of jeans # scart * block shoes # checked shir! * while socks ® trainers * boots ® leather © brown hat * glosses # woollen jumper * « peir of trousers Y A b) What about you? What are you wearing today? c) Describe what one of your classmates is ‘wearing without saying who it is. The rest of the class guess who you are describing. Complete the dialogue using the words in the lst. * size * accessories * plain * looking for # sik # medium Good moming. How can | help you? m1) a skirt How about this one?B: Oh, that’s a nice checked skirt, but | was thinking of buying @ 2) one A: How obout this? B: Yes, that’s lovely. A: What 3) are you? B: 4) Lihink. I'm also looking for 6 5) scort A: You'll have to go to the 6) department for that B: Right, thank you 4 Inpairs ask and answer questions, as in the example. ‘Swansea A: What will the weather be like in Poole tomorrow? 8: Itwill be sunny. © What will the weather be like in your town tomorrow? 5 Match the words in column A to the words in column B. Then use them to fill in the blanks. A B 1 weather A hot 2 boiling B winds 3 strong C tin 4 feszing D forecost 5 heavy E cold 1A: What's the weather like in the North Pole? 3: | suppose i's ! 2 Ws I think Pl. go for a swim 3 The boat couldn't leave the harbour because of the 4's been quite warm lately, but the says is going to get cold soon I hope you won't go out in such witheut an umbrella and @ raincoat, Tom! Underline the correct word. I think I've goined weight. These jeans don't fit/match me anymore Here's your 10p change/money. hope you haven't thought/changed your mind In that moment/case you'll need to take some worm clothes with you Con you please collact/pack my post while I'm awoy? | hate standing in long queues/sites. In the future everyone will shop website/online Josh fel/slipped on o banana skin and broke his leg What are you going to wear/dress to Tom's wedding reception? That black shirt suits/looks very nice on you. Fill in: in, on, from, ot, of, Try to keep my advice mind Timis holiday the moment. Jone is «a business trip aly You'll ind more information about it the net Suntan lotion protects you the sun You'll find nice clothes this shop. You should put your rubbish ihe bin Many people choose to work the comfort their home, low prices in Circle the correct response. ‘A; Are you coming to the party? B:a I see. b No way! A: Ate you going to call Peter? B: a No, there's no point b Yes, tha's lovely A: Do you want @ dinner jacket? B: a Oh, no, that’s not right b Of course ‘A: When is Mary coming? B: a I'm not sure. b I suppose so. A: We've tun out of bread B: a It isn't. b I know 2930 9 You work as a shop assistant at a clothes shop. What questions would you ask a customer? How can | help you? 1 2 3 4 5 Grammar 10 Look at the telegram Sue sent to her mother, then ask and answer, as in the example. Mum, leave for Lisbon - plane - “Plaza Hotel” - 5 days Love Sue 2 B 3A: Where 2 8 4A: How long 2 B. Complete the sentences using the prompts, as inthe example. # bo a vol # pick him up # go for a walk ear electronic clothes * be annoyed * post it ® make on apple pie # look lovely 1 Mary loves animals. When she grows up, | think she will be a vet 2 I think Sue in her new floral dress 3 We've got lots of apples. | think | 4 l'm bored. | think | 5 I'm sure Carel when she finds out you've lost her camera, 6 Inthe year 2200 people 7 When | finish writing this letter, | 8 | think Dave's mum after school today, 12 Use the prompts to predict what is going to happen, as in the example. * buy that scarf ® have a picnic ® repair the bike * bake some biscuits * move to ar rer house T She is going to buy that scarf. sya ae HOUSE : TOR SALE 1. 4) Look at Kelly's diary. Ask and onswer questions, as in the example. "Deter Saturday 1 1thMarch 40-90 to denbiot 12pm meet Tom for lunch go to the hairdresser's take dog for a walk call travel agent have dinner at Chriotine's A: What is Kelly doing at ten o'clock? B: She's going to the dentist. 14fo 4] What are you doing next Sunday? Complete the diary entries below, then ask cond answer questions, as in the example. 4: What are you doing at ten o'clock next Sunday? 'm visiting my grandparents. 14 What is each person going to do? Write sentences, as in the example, les © buy @ camera 's © order a meal otk in the garden Communication (making o complaint) 15 a] Use the prompts to complete the dialogue d° Im really sony * How may |help pt ® Would you like ta. change it A: Good morning, Madam. 1) 2 8: Well, | bought this dress hero last week. When | washed it, the colour faded A: Oh dear. 2) 2 B: Yes, if possible A: 3 but there aren't ony left in your size Well, in that case I'd lke @ 4) OF course, Have you got the 5) ? Yes, here it is. Here you are, £10.99. I'm tenibly sory >o>p ) Use the prompts below to act out a similar dialogue © jumper © Saturday ¢ tried it on © I found @ hole in the £8.95 e © the same colour Listening 16 G> listen tothe advertisement and fil nthe missing information about Comrey's Department Store. Now open: Denton 1] Stree, with everything rom socks to stereos, 2 to hoovers! Womenswecr: suits for the working woman dresses, 3) blouses, jeans, shits, jackets Menswear suis, shins, 4) jeans, dinner jackets Kidswear clothes for children ofall ages * from party 5) to denim jackets * school uniforms Home Depariment: © fidges, cookers, dishwashers of CD and huge sele cassette 6] Sau Mein UNReading ]7 Read the weather forecast below and circle the correct answer. A (for Right), B (for Wrong) or C (doesn’t say). Then, explain the words in bold. Weather Forecast- Weekend Outlook This is going to be a weekend full of surprises. Across. the country we will experience everything from bright ‘sunshine to heavy snow. (n Friday evening, thee will be strong winds in the ‘South of England, followed by heavy rain throughout the night's going tobe wet and windy in the north, too, with thunderstorms in Scotland and the north of Engin. Saturday morning wil be fine, wth sunny spells all over Britain, There wil, however, be some clouds during the afternoon, witha few showers in Scotiand Sunday is going tobe a good day for staying indoors ‘There are going to be icy winds and snowstorms in many parts of Scotland and northern Engiand. inthe rest of England and Wales there will be heavy rain which will ‘continue all day and wel into the night. This may lead to flooding in many parts of southern England and Wales. 1 The weather is going to be the same all weekend A Right B Wrong Doesn't soy 2 It will be wet and windy in the north Friday evening A Right B Wrong © Doesn't say 32 3 Thee will be sunshine in Scotland on Friday |] morning, A Right BB Wrong C Doesn't say 4. The weather will be sunny on Saturday morning. A Rig B Wrong C Doesn't say turday alternoon C Doesn't say 5 twill be windy in the norh or A Right BOW 6 Iris going to snow in Scotland on Sund A Righ B Wrong C Doesn't say 7 There may be floods in Wales on Sunday, A Right = B Wrong © Doesn't say Writing {a letter asking for information) 18 Read the advertisement below, then use the notes to ask polite questions, as in the example. LOR ead EXPLORE WMRRAEG 1 single room? 2 which meals? ‘Sightseeing tours to: the “red city” and thewalled Agdal gardens with local guides. 3 epeat English? 4 cost? EXTRA! *¢ Excursion to the las Mountain; eee , te pare cr nam nec} 108-3124 6000 1 Could I please book a single room? +19 Read the leer ond answer the questions. Sir/Madam, planing to go onthe seven nN a Marakech advertised in your brochure, * Tams you willbe ale to answer afew questions fT Firstly, could! lease book a single 100717 1am coming on the tour alone and ealean like to share a hotel room ly soe a Secondly, | would tke you is i Will we have bre meals the price includes. for our own lunch in the hotel and pay ae Thirdly, | Hope the local ye yt Spek Engish, | am afraid | cannot rans Finally, could you also S me how much the excursion package wikeOS ‘ook forward to hearing from you at Your} earliest convenience. Yours faithfully, Rebecea Burns Rebecca Bums 1 Rebecce starts her letter with Deor Sir/Madam because A she doesn’t know the person she’s writing to. B the person she's wiiling fo is @ friend 2. Which of the folowing does she use in her letter? A full verb forms C abbreviations B long sentences D formal language Does Rebecca sound polite or friendly? 4. Has Rebecca included all her questions in the leter? Undetine the seniences wich include her poins, Which words does Rebecca use to list her questions? Which of the sentences can start/end the letter? A Hil What's up? B | am inlerested in the advertisement € Do diop me a line D | would appreciate on answer at your earliest convenience. oo > wile @ formal letter asking for information we star th Dear Sir/Madam. In the first paragraph, we state ne reason for writing the leer. In the main body paras 2-4), we ask questions about the information we nsed. We can use Firsly, Secondly, Finally etc, svoduce each paragraph. In the last paragraph, we usually y we hope to heat from the person soon. We end our letter with Yours faithfully, and our full name. 5 20 a} Use the notes in the advertisement below to write ques the example. 1 direct Flight? 2 share room? 3 by bus oe train? 1 Firstly, is the flight to limo direct? 2. Secondly, 2 3. What is more, 2 4 Finally, 2 b) Suggest suitable supporting sentences for ‘each sentence (1 to 4). 21 Use your answers in Ex. 20 and the plan below, to write a letter to Inca Travel asking for information about the tour (120-150 words). Use the letter in Ex. 19 as a model. Dear Sir/Madam, Introduction [Paro 1} explain why you ore writing Main Body {Paros 2-4) ask your questions Conclusion (ora 5} closing remarks Yours faithfully, {your full name)b) Which of the items do you think are good for you? Which are not? Why? Make sentences, as in the example. Milk is good for you because it contains protein. Food a n d 2 4) Look at the pictures and complete the text. Festivities } Helen always has a bow! of 1) & for breakfast. At lunchtime, she usually he 2| Vocabulary eee 1.) Label the pictures (1-12). Write what | ord fone SI die, [ each group contains. bea P Sometimes, if she is vory hungry, she may have some 5} Later in the afternoon she often eats some 6) oy or some other fruit. For dinner, she usually has @ bowl of 7) © ond o 8) S Once o week, however, she meets her friends at her favourite Italian restaurant where she eats small 9) or some, b) What do you usually have for breakfast? lunch? dinner? What do you eat when you go out with friends? 3 Underline the correct word. 1 |s there anything to eat? I'm starving /thirsty 2 Moy | toke your order/menu, sir? 3. I'll have the vegetable soup ‘o start/order with 4 Aglass of orange/mineral water for me, please. 5 I'd like chocolate ice cream for main course/ dessert 34inese believe thot sesame seed balls 9 luck/celebrations crisps/wings are delicious. many slices/bars of cheese do you need? © was a huge firework parade/display to rate the new year 4th July ‘endence from/of Britain hicl he Americans celebrate their Complete the sentences with the words from the list. * spicy © bumt # sour ® sally * boiled * sweet © fried © diet don't like my coffee. It's too ve the chilli sauce, I love i. edd any lemon. I's quite already 4 My chips are too | can’t eat them 5 teat a lot of food. i's too ‘ottening 6 Keith is ona so he eats a lot o} h fit and vegetables How would you like your eggs?" please.” Oh, no! | left the cake in the oven for too long ond now its 5 Match the verbs (1-6) to the nouns (a). What other foods can we fry, gril, bake, etc? fy a bread 2 grill eggs and flour 3. boke © meat 4 mix d chicken 5. chop @ vegetables 6 slice t ) Match the dishes (1 - 4) fo the ingredients (ad). Make sentences, as in the example. 6 Og 21 paella 3 z cake Mexican soled @ cucumbers, tomatoes, com carr b lour, eggs, sugar, butler, chocolate butter, eggs, milk, pepper, solt d_ peppers, seafood, peas, rice You need cucumbers, fomoloes, lettuce, peppers and beans to make a Mexican salad. b) Think of a traditional dish in your country. What do you need to make it? 7 Circle the correct response. > 1 «© let's see. b Yes, please Is there ony milk? Not much b All gone. Today's special is grilled fish with carrots. a That sounds nice. b Thank you Excuse me. evening, sir. May | take your order? o xB eP © Yes, sit b Yes, certainly Can | have some more chips? © That's OK. b Of course Con you pass me the keichup, a | know. b Here you are. eP a536 8 Fillin: on, for, from, with, of Look at he picture and the prompts, then say what there is/isn't in the picture. 1. I'l have the vegetable soup to stor 2 Joan is a diet. She only eats vegetables 3. There is plenty milk in the fridge, 4 Can | help you the dishes? 5 I'm eally sorry breaking the glass. 6 Too much butter is bad you 7 What would you like to have 8 | brought some pickles dinner? : home : 9 You and your friend are at a restaurant. What questions would you ask the waiter? Think about: fable, menu, main course, drink, dessert, bill. How would you complain about a dish? Can we have a table for two, please? 1 2 8 4 5 6 Grammar 0 The Smiths are going on a picnic and they core making a shopping list. Look at the list below, then ask and answer, as in the example. bread rolls X olives X tuna (2 tins] 7 cheese (10 slices) x jomatoes (3) 4 apples 7 A: Have they got any bread rolls? B: No, they haven't got any bread rolls. A: Have they got any tuna? B: Yes, they have. They've got two tins of tuna. ete 1] Fillin c/on oF some, and write C (for countable) or U (for uncountable). Then, ask as in the example. To bona oC 6 wu. egg 2... bread 7 osu tice 3 .... onion 8 ..., beans 4... sugar 9 ... olives 5... burger 10 ...., biscuit 1 Can I hove a banana, please? bananas ® Coke * apple pie * lemons pickles # eggs * olives ® apple juice vinegar # milk * biscuits © lettuce * b te0 ® ice cream ® lentils * baked potato pizza * fruit solad © orange juice * coffee crisps # onion # soup * fish * rice * sugor jom * beans # bread * pasta * cheese peppers * chocolales * carrots # strawberries coke * orange There are some bananas. There isn’t any Coke.28 Complete the sentences with how much or how many. 1 sugar do we nead for the cake? 2 bananas shall | get? 3 colfee do you buy a week? 4 5 cakes shall | order for the party? candles do we need for he dinner table? 6 apples do you need for the pie? 14. Compare the pictures and write the differences In picture A there aren't any horses. In picture B there are two horses. 15 Write in the plural. 1 There is @ child in the park There are children in the park 2 Ican see a box on the ‘able. 3. He hos got a glass of orange juice. 4 There's o man in the room 5. There's an ox in the field. 6 Icon see a mouse in the garden 16 Fill in: much, many, a lot of, a little, a few. A: We hav to the supermarket, There is not 1} much sugar left in the cupboard. B: Yes, and there are only 2) the fidge, A: So, let's see, how 3) have we gol? B: Not 4} coffee and only 5) tea A: Okay, Do we have any fruit? B: Well, there oro 6) apples bubnot 7) A: Sowe need to buy 8) a fit salad Let's go shopping, then! eggs in tea ond coffee oranges and two bananas vit because Communication (ordering food/drink} 17 4) Complete the questions. A: Hello. Mario's. B: Hello. I'd like to order something please. A: Okay, What 2 B: A vegetarian pizza and some garlic bread please A: Would you tg B: Er, yes. I'll hove 2 cans of Coke as well A: Okay. What's 2 B: I's 27, Green Lane. A: And 2 B: 864229. A: Thank you. itll be about 20 minutes 8: That's grect. Thanks a lot. Bye. A: Thank you. b) In pairs, act out similar dialogues choosing from the menu below. spaghetti bolognese © Coke chicken wings garlic bread pizza: = special ~ vegetarian = deluxe38 Listening 18 (C Read the questions below ‘bout the festival, then listen and circle the correct box for each question. 1 The festival takes ploce from A 310 10 May B 3 to 10 March C Yto 12 March D 310 9 March, 2 Where does it take plo A The Restaurant B The lu C The D The Imperial Hotel 3 What will the chefs demonstrate? A Their cooking secrets. B_ How to offer help and ©” How io ext eortain dishes D How to use c ooking utensils 4 What can you buy at the cir? A Cookery books. B Cooking viensils and 5 Where can you get a brochure? A From o restaurant B From the hotel. C From the lil D From the be Reading 19 Read the text and choose the sentence from the list (AE) which bes fits each gap (1-4). There is one sentence that you do not need to use. A In Japan they prefer shortgrained 1 B able [comfort - comfor! ory Forming adjectives Many common adjectives endings. We can, how The lives of many people around the world depend on rice. For more than half the people in the world today there's nothing that is more important to them than rice, T[_] These people live in Asia, in countries such as) J Indonesia, China, India, Japan, Vietnam and Korea. Rice is a very old food. The people of South-East Asia began. to grow it about 5,500 years ago.[2]_]In Spain, people began growing rice in the eighth or ninth century. Today there are more than 7,000 different kinds of rice in the world, but the three main types are short, medium and Tong-grained. | In India they use long-grained basmati rice which smells delicious. The Chinese prefer medium-grained rice because it sticks together and is easier to pick up with chopsticks. '3]_] In Asia people prefer white rice, while in Europe and America brown rice is very popular for a healthy diet Rice isn’t just a food. It can be used to make flour, noodles, wine, vinegar and even paper. [4]_] The parts we don’t eat become animal feed. All in all, rice is not as plain and simple as it seems. It has a rich history, many uses and it is a very important food for many people, s of different dishes, raw to make baskeis and mats Chine and India, then to Japan between e rice in C and 300 AD it they w idn't survive. WerwroaeeWeserrupgaeanWanc sad, etc} do not have particular ollowing endings to form from nouns and ginary, ale (passion — passio ible [hoor cal advice — 5 cce. e's. ce. as 20 a) Read the article, write the correct adjective derived from the words in brackels, then find a fi Writing (an article describin an annual festival) jan ple lay > Mardi Gras in New Orleans is one of the the most famous carnivals in the world. This, nd D .. (colour) festival begins 10 days | before Shrove Tuesday which is the last Tuesday before the forty day fasting period of is Lent. The purpose of the festival is for people to enjoy themselves before this period begins. ise cs. B> The organisers of the event spend months nd ‘preparing for the carnival. Dancers practise their difficult dance routines, 2) asses (talent) designers make amazing exotic costumes and artists decorate 3) (spectacle) floats for the 4) (impress) street parades. > During the carnival people through the streets dressed in 5) ... (beauty) costumes and dance to the sound parade it of jazz bands. They also enjoy cating y Oo (tradition) Cajun and cy creole dishes like Gumbo, a wonderful thick, Ay PD) ens (spice) fish soup and Jamblalaya, a 8) one . (taste) . rice dish with chicken ‘ | and chillies, BD Mardi Gras is a fantastic event that the whole city takes part in. Why not join in the fun yourself next year? 9 { i | { b) Read the recommendations below. Which core positive? Which are negative? Which could you use to end the article above? A The festival is perfect for everyone. You don't ve there to join in the fun, everyone he elcome, B The festival is quite boring. There are definitely other ways to have fun and enjoy yourself C Everyone has fun at the festival special celebration no one should miss. i's ao very ‘When we write an article about an annual event e.g. 0 festival which takes place every year, we Usually write four paragraphs. In the first paragraph, we write the nome of the festival, when and where it takes place, as wel as the reason for the celebration. In the second paragraph, we write abou! the preparations people make before the festival. In the third paragraph, we describe what happens during the festival. In the last paragraph, we write our comments ‘about the festival and/or our recommendation, We use a variety of adjectives to make our description more vivid, We normally use present tenses. We can find such pieces of writing in newspapers, magazines travel brochures, etc. 21 9) Think of an annual festival in your country and answer the questions. 1 What is the name of the festival? 2 When doss it take place? 3. Where does i take place? 4 What is the reason forthe festival? 5. What are the preparations? Think about: food, costumes, decorations, ele & What hoppens during the festival? 7. How would you recommend the festival? 8 What ile would you give 10 an article about this festival? b) Now write your article about the festival (120-150 words). Use your answers from Ex. 20a and the plan below. You can use the arficle in Ex. 19 as a model. Introduction i [Para 1] name/date/place/reason |) ‘Main Body i | (Para 2} preparations i [Paro 3) activities 1 i | Conclusion i [Para 4) — comments/recommendation | t 392 Use the words to describe the animals. © shorp/ * short/long You'd better . Vocabulary ] ©) Putthe cnimals below into the right category. em 1A parrot has got bright feathers, o sharp beak and a long toil CeVNOGREN 3 Fillin: dangerous, quiet, intelligent, noisy, boring, funny, obedient, beautiful. 1 Leopards are very dangerous. They can kill you 2 Peacocks are very They hove very colourful feathers reptiles 3 Horses are very They insects we do what their owners want them to do talk. The 4 You con teach po re quite 5. Chimpanzees are very The things they do make you laugh of noise. They''e b) Use your answers from Ex. 1a, as well as the words in the list, 10 talk about each of b Guinea pigs don’t make a the animals, as in the example. © carnivore * herbivore ® wild animal can't stop chattering. They're really * tame animal * endangered species 8 {don’t think I'd like a goldfish for a1 pet. They're An eagle is a bird. It is a carnivore. ‘other 40 a4 Fillin: scenery, solar, species, natural, travel, busy, halls, luxury, freeze, hiding. to concert halls, because we like inment. some of the most beauttu 1 so he always stays at ded ond roisy whales on endangere: many planels ave there in our 6 How syster? police found the escaped prisoner's agents to to death! harbour 15. Fillin: to, of in, by, from. the countryside is @ great 2) fact, she is moving3) her parents’ village next month. She thinks it is the k place 4] the world. I's not far 5] © city and is easily reached 6) car in about The village is on the shore 7} a 22 and near o forest which is home 8) 2 min any animals. 6 Circle the correct response. A: This hotel B: a Oh, dear. b So does this one. 2A: I'm thinking of buying B: a Good point. b Really? 3A; Which would you rather have os @ pet — o parrot? How's it going? Thanks. Your friend wants to go on holiday, but he doesn’t know where to go. Suggest various z places, justifying your suggestion each time. Why don’t you go to Spain? it’s hot and sunny. Grammar B Circle the correct item. 1 This skirt is the@ie@ad /nicer one you've gat. 2 "Bella lialio” is the better/best Italian restaurant in town, 3. The Park Hotel isn’t os peaceful/more peaceful 2s the Sheraton is 4. The film on Channel 1 is long/longer than the one on Channel 2 5 This dress is more/most expensive than that one. 6 | think History is less/least interesting than Maths. ‘) Read the information about the Statue of Liberty, the Eiffel Tower and Big Ben, then complete the sentences, as in the example. Bull: 1865 \ Height: 46m} Built: 1889. light: 300 1. The Statue of Liberty is older (old) than the Eiffel Tower 2 Big Ben is the (old) landmark of the three 3° The Eiffel Tower is (tall) han Big Ben, 4 The Statue of Liberty is not as (old) as Big Ben 5 The Eiffel Tower is the (new) of the three landmarks 6 The Eiffel Tower is the {alll londmark of the three b) Think of a landmark in your country. Compare it to the ones in Ex. 9a, 4110 Complete the questions, then answer them. 1 Who is (ral) person in your family? 2 Who is (old) person in your Family? 3 Who is person in your Family? (young) 4 Whot is (interesting) subject a! school? 5 Whot is {boring} film you've seen this year? 6 Who is (popular) actor or actress in your county? 7 Who is (bod) singer in your country? 8 Which is football team in your country? (good) 11 Match the conditional clauses (1-6) to the results (o-f). 1 If they finish their a. he'll find his homework soon, missing shoes. 2 Wiha! vase falls, b they might get onto the floor, lost 3. If.Jomes looks ¢ itll probably under the bed, break 4_ Joanne wants d. she'll have to to have dinner, cook it herself 5 Jone and Mike go e._she'll see lots of to the forest alone conimals 6 IF Mary goes to her f they con go uncle's farm, outside to play. Put the verbs in brackets into the right tense, gl as in the example. 1 If you don’t understand the question, ask the teacher. (not understand/ask) 2 he to India, he the To} Mohol. travel/vsi) 3 Jack to Mexico if he ‘enough money. (go/save) 42 4 He alll the housework if nobody him, (not finish/help} 5 If my boss this project \ © promotion. [not like/not get) 6 Ih she the time off work, she 10 Spain. (gets/travel 7 Ifyou cold, ‘on a jumper. feel/pul) 8 She into a new flat unless she «© good pay rise {not move/ get) 9 Kyou the gate, the dog away, [not close /run} 10 If you tired, o test, (fel /have} 13. Moke sentences, as in the example. *# place /see films * someone/make people laugh * animal/live in Africa * someone/iell the actors what to do * place/read a back quietly * piece of furniture/put clothes in A cinema is @ place where you can see films i 2 3 4 5 6 uReading i 14 | Can you name some endangered animals? Why do you think they are in danger of extinction? b) Read the article and answer the questions. ‘SWANLEY - ANIMAL PARK ©... Endangered Animal Polar bears are the largest carnivores that live on lan. have thick white fur which helps to keep them warm, Zolar bears also have big font paws which help them to vim. They are excellent swimmers ond con slay under wotet for upto two minutes a a ime: These large white bears live in the Arctic Circle. It is ery cold there, with icabergs in o freezing cold seo Vhen it gals really cold in the winter, polar bears stay der the snow in o den Polar bears hunt and colch seals and other animals such foxes ond bitds for food. They also eat fish and other onimals ond plan's which live in the sea. I polar bear ‘ids @ dead whale or walus, i wl ect tha, fo. Polar beats ore on endangered species. People used © hunt and trap them for their fur, ond ot one time there were only 5,000 polor bears lef Now, polar beats are protected cand they con only be hunted by Eskimos using ‘rodtional ways. Today, there is @ new danger Pollution is damaging the hobitat ofthese beautiful animals 1 Polar bears swim A very well B under the ice C for up to two minuies above water D to keep warm 2 Polar bears eat A animals that live in the sea. B foxes and birds. C whales and walruses. D all of the above. 3 Thete is a new danger to polar bears because A people hunt them. B there are only 5,000 left. C people want their fur D pollution is damaging their habitat What can you do to help? We at Swanley have started an “Adopt an Animal” scheme. You can adop! an animal as © an individual © a family * c group (schoo, club, company) If you donate £30, this will help us to keep a polar bear ot Swanley Animal Park for three months. We will oso send some of the money to help preserve the natural habitat of polar bears in the wild What will you get? © on adoption certificate * a colour photograph ofthe poor bear you adopt at Swanley a sicker for your car a free Swanley Park Newsletter How do you pay? # by post - cheque, money order 4 « by telephone ~ creditcard, debit cord _ i For adoption information or donations, Contace= Swanley Animal Pork, | Shore Rd, Swanley, SWIl 5DZ | Tel. 01394 - 627427 4 Who can adopt o polar bear? A one person B a school C a family D all of he above 5 If you want to pay an adoption fae by credit card, you should A call the animal park B send it by pos C goto the animal park D send a money order. ‘¢) What can you do to help the environment in your country? 43Communication (buying train tickets) 15 Complete the dialogue with the questions in the list, then use the prompts to act out a similar dialogue. *# Are you coming back today? * Single or retuin? # Do | have to change trains? # What time does the train leave? * Which platform does it go fiom? Con | have a ticket to Cambridge, please? Return, please. a No, on Sunday. So, you want @ weekend retum. That's £15.75. please 3) AY 11.40. 4) Piotlorm 4 5) No, it's direct. Thanks very much or oboe PoOroro>r * Reading * next week * an open retuin £17.50 © 12,30 +6 *# Yes, in Birminghom Listening 16 isten and the order form. - home, Writing 1 (an opinion article) 17 a) Read the article below and underline all the linking words and phrases. 1 "Goldfish make good pets.” ‘What do you think? > Are you looking for a pet? If you are, buy a 2 goldfish! I believe they make very good pets. In the first place, goldfish are very cheap and ‘easy to keep, since they don’t eat much. Also, you don't have to take them for walks or give them a lot of care and attention. Secondly, they aren’t annoying, as they don’t make any noise at all or get in your way when you're trying to do things at On the other hand, some people might say that ‘goldfish are boring as pets. For example, you can’t pick them up and stroke them or play with them. ‘What is more, they aren't very good companions, because they can’t give love and affection like cats and dogs. (D> All in all, I think it depends on ‘what you want from a pet before you choose one. For me, though, a foldfish is the ideal pet because it’s easy to keep. 4 b] Read the article again and answer the questions. * Which linking words ore used to list points? to show addition? contias!? reason? result? * How does the las! paragraph start? © What verbs/phrases express the writer's opinion in the introduction and the conclusion? * Which paragraph gives the opposite opinion? 18 Replace the linking words/phrases in the sentences below with words/phrases from the list that have the same meaning. * fintly © furheimore # also * becouse © however @ on the whole ¢ finally Allin ll, the holidey was @ nightmare To begin with, the hotel was for fiom the village Secondly, tho weather was terrible. Moreover, there wos nothing to do The beach was very disy as there were no liter bins. On the other hand, the locals were very friendly laslly, we lost our luggage on the way home. aRon— No19. Use the linking words below to ideas or sentences, as in the examples. © because ¢ as ® on the other hand © what is more ® moreover 1 Rock climbing is a very expensive sport. The equipment costs quile a lol of money. Rock climbing is @ very expensive sport as the equioment costs quite a lot of money. 2 Parrois are clever birds. They ore amusing. Porrols are very clever birds. What is more, they are amusing. 3. Playing tennis well can be very hard. You need to prociise every doy, 4 Dogs are very loyal pets. They can make a lot of noize 5 Travelling by train is comfortable and fast. itis not expensive. hea we write an opinion article we usvelly write four corogrophs. In the fist paragraph, we siote the topic our opinion. In the second paragraph we oresent wpoints and reasons which support cur opinion. In third paragraph, we present viewpoints and zosons wich support the opposite opinion. In the last paragraph we state our opinion again To make our essay more interesting we can oddress reader direcily or osk them a question in the ‘eduction and/or in the conclusion. 20 Match the following beginnings (AB) and endings (1-2). Which addresses the reader directly? Which asks the reader a question? A Have you ever wanted to travel somewhere really spectacular, but can't decide where to go? Well, in my opinion, India is the place for you B You probebly think that zoos and wildlife parks are great places for families to spend a fun day out together. Well, | don't agree. 1 All in all, | believe thot wild animals belong in their natural habitat. After all, how would you feel if you were locked up in a cage for the rest of your life? 2 In conclusion, Indio is a magical place with something to offer everybody. Take my advice cond go there. You won' be disappointed! 2] 4) Match the viewpoints to the reasons. Which points are in favour of having a cat as a pet? Which points are against? T(E] een beset | @ they can Esha themselves 27 they can be | Sati |b they sharpen their | claws on the furniture 3]_Jihey're | they do funny things independent | dif they don’t like you AT_Jihey cause exira they will scratch you housework @ they leave hairs everywhere they sit next to you cond let you stroke EL Tiey are friendly them 3] They can desiroy | ¢ furniture 22 Your teacher has asked you to write a short article on the topic “Cats make good pets”. Use your answers from Ex. 21, as well as the plan below, to write your essay (120-150 words). You can use the arti a model. Introduction Pare 1 Main Body (Para 2) stote fopie and your opinion viewpoints ond reasons to support your opinion viewpoints and reasons to supper! opposite opinion (Para 3} ‘Conclusion [Pare 4) restate your opinion 45What are the rules? Vocabulary ] a) Use the words and phrases to label the pictures. water pollution * rubb stroying the «ai ngered spec * air pollution b) What should we do about the environmental problems listed in 1a? Match the prompts in box A (1 - 5) to those in Box B (ae), as in the example. A d | reduce air pollution TR bere stired stocos have less rubbish save rainforests aS eR] a@anco vers, lakes, oceans, e 3 stop cutting down and destraying the trees stop factories from polluting them create wildlife parks use unleaded petrol recycle glass, paper and aluminium keep ¢) Use the prompts in Ib to ask and answer questions, as in the example. A: What should we do to reduce air pollution? 8: We should use unleaded petrol. 2 Complete the sentences with words from the list below. © extinct © advertised ¢ litter © * offected © species # resource * sot # crops If we protect wildlife, care plan's ond animals wil On our frst doy at school our teacher gave us © of schoal rules to lean People shouldn't drop on the They should pur it in @ bin The panda is on endang} I'm calling about the jo In this part of the country. m formers ani Oil is a very important The town council should provide more rubbish in the park. Experts believe that cir pollution h people are if we don’t stop hunting them " run Sswoe mM ee ee } Read the signs 1-6) and match them to their meanings (A - F) SIGNS MEANINGS 5 com Sc 1 Usa | A you musint smoke here sumtin : beyond a certain point — without permission 4 ‘you mustn't take pidiegtaphe i; you must tumn off your mobile phone mre & personal items with you at all times 6 b] Which ofthe signs above can you see outside @ building? ina museum? 6 ina cinema? on a beach? ina shopping centre? . tan airport? 2 c} Use the prompts to write your own signs. . you mustn't enter without knocking you must be quie! you musin‘t eatin the library you musin’t give the fish any food Circle the correct word. Is there o cure for / of cancer? Please put your hands ever / up if you have any questions. Who were you talking at / to this morning? They lived at / in South-East Asia for more thon five yeors The children were looking forward to/on o picnic by the late Qur tennis coach shouted at / to us because we lost the match Rainforests are home to / of many tore plant cond animal species You can find vorious kinds for / of fish and exotic birds ot the pel shop 7 = The gardener told us thot we should keep off / away the flower beds Circle the correct response. What would you do in my place? a Id tell her the truth. b Well, thanks. is it okay if | borrow your pen? a Yes, you do. b No problem You musin’t be late for work Well ... all right, then b Don't worry ~ | won't Could | have a loaf of bread? B: a Oh, | see. b Here you are. A: Let's tidy the kitchen B: a Oh, do we have to? b Horrible. A: Look at all this rubbish B: a Thats right b I's disgusting er e> er S Grammar Fill in the speech bubbles with the instructions from the list. Don't move. Toke a deep breath Don't forge! to write your name e» Put this inside, the biscuits Don't t7 Use the prompts to tell « driver what he must/mustn’t do while driving, as in the example. Can you add to the list? * use your mobile phone * fasten your seatbelt 2ed limit @ listen to loud music © pay attention to the traffic signs i *® keep to the You mustn't use your mobile phone. Use must, musin’y can’t oF can and the prompls below fo make sentences, as inthe example. ‘run © weor a swimming cap ® wear goggles * lake @ shower before you enter he pool "@ dive off the diving board if the lifeguard is not there * bring food or drink into the pool area * throw objects info the pool © bxing your own towel You mustn’t run. 9 Complete the following sentences using must/ mustn't. 1 You 2 You school nearby. go faster thon 80 km/h, drive carefully. There's o 3 pork here. 4 You ride your bicycle in this area 5 You turn right 10 Fill in the gaps with mustn’t or don’t have fo. 1 A: Shall you with the pup? B: No, you | can manage by mmyselt 2 A: You 1 drink in the library. B: OK. I'll put my ” 3A: Sholl | moke an appointment for you at the hairdresser's? B: No, you I've made one already. 4 A: You 2 on buses or trains. B: I knows I's forbi 5 A: We | 8: Oh, really? We do | oO | 1] Match the prompts to the pictures, then vse can of could to ask questions, as in the example. A tum to 54 D tal B have this model E aeroplane F C give me a hand TIE 2 ne Could | have some tomatoes, please?A friend of yours needs your advice. Match the sentences in A to the prompts in B, Then use should/shouldn’t to make sentences, as in the example. | can't afford to go an holiday. e I hod o fight with my brother | feel tired all the time. | want some new kitchen cupboards | have a toothache. | can't see very well CUREN— go for aye test call him and apologise calla carpenter go to bed early not spend so much money not eat so many sweets -eaoca You should start saving some money 13 Circle the correct item. 1 Will / Do I have to wash the dishes, Mum? 2 You can / must always lock the front door at nigh 3° You musin’t / don't have to tell lies. 4 Can / Must | leave my bags in the enirance hall, please? 5 You musin't / won't park your car in front of a bus stop. © Should / Could you turn down the music, please? 7 James mustn't / doesn’t have to do his homework ‘onight because i's Saturday tomorrow! & F you have a headache, you have to / should ie down, 14 Complete the sentences with compounds of some, any, of no, as in the example. 1 | would love to go somewhere exotic for my holiday. 2 Doss know what time itis? 3. We didn’t go on Saturday evening because we were so tired. 4 sent me flowers on my birthday, but | don't know who it was. 5 | hope | haven't done ‘wrong 6 There was in the room when | went in; they were all in the garden 7 There isn't I can do to help her. 8 There was about him that | didn't like. Communication {asking for and giving advice} 150 a) Read the dialogue and fill in should or shouldn't, ‘A: I'm going on my first camping trip. Have you got any advice for me? B: Yes, of course. First of all you 1] get a good fent and a warm sleeping bag, Yes, you're right You 2) ‘also buy @ map of the area ‘and a pair of strong boots. Good idea! What else 3) Ido? Well, you 4) forget to take lots of food. Zp ee b} Use the prompts below to act out a similar dialogue. take my school exams make a revision limetable/start revising go to bed early every night waste your time talking on the phone Listening 16 (\> listen to the dialogue and tick (¥) the correct box. Tick Yes (/) if the statement is true and No (¥) if itis false.17 a} Read the article and mark the statements: (1 - 6) as T (true) or F (false). Recycling is one of the best ways to help protect our environment A When we recycle we 1) collect waste or used materials and 2) reuse them to make new \\ products. The items that are typically recycled are aluminium cans, glass bottles, paper, wood and e ® plastic. There are three main 3) steps in | » recycling, First we collect these items, then PHONE BOOKS wwe prepare them into a material which we ONLY finally use to make new products. Aral Recycling can help save energy and important Z N MAGAZINES} resources. It can also 4) reduce the amount of — CATALOGS. rubbish we produce and the space needed for ———-——~ =a ‘our waste. It is simple and easy. All you need to do is remember to 5) sort out your rubbish and put your glass, paper and aluminium into different bins. Many councils actually provide these recycling bins and collect them every week. All in all, recycling has many 6) benefits and it is something that everyone can do, mz Writing 1 Recycling is when we reuse rubbish (ener sie Bake to make new products. 2 We can recycle paper. 18 4) Read the letter and put the paragraphs in 3 There are five steps to follow when ihoccoriatt bieee recycling ‘4 We can save important resources by recycling. 5 Recycling produces more rubbish %& When we recycle we should put paper, gloss, and luminivm in the same bin. b) Read the article again and match the words in bold to their synonyms below. AT _]decrease [D]_Juse again | [BI_Jodvant El é porate E <) Now in pairs, say how you would reuse the following items: sold spapers ® empl * boxes © aluminium cans 50b) Read the letter again and answer the following questions. 1 Who hes writen the letter? 2 What is the main reason for wiiting the letter? © to complain about the town library fo make suggestions to improve the town library 3 Wha! are the writer's suggestions? Underline them. What does she think the resulis of her suggestions will be? How does she introduc each result? 4 Which linking words had the water used to list her suggestions? Sugges! other oppeopriaie words. 5 Which of the following phrases could replace “To sum up?" Tick W All in all Therefore i So In other words .....; In conclusion All things considered hen we write a letter to the editor of a magazine or newspoper we start with Dear Sir/Madam cause we do not know their name. In the fist paragraph, we write the reason|s) for writing the ‘er and express our opinion about the topic. In the main body (paras 2-3], we present our suggestions vits. We can use firsly, secondly, etc to ich suggestion, In the last paragraph we oF restate our opinion. We end our letier h Yours faithfully, cnd our full name 19. ) Read the table and match the suggestions to the results. Suggestions 1 put/more/umbrelas/ a visitors/would/siay deck chaits/on longer/canteen/ beach would/make/money b people/feel/more/ comortable/con/ protect/themselve 3 provide/toined/ from/sun feguard ¢ people/noi/wait/in long queves/to have shower/ get changed people feel sofer/ especially those with young children Sis 2. build/more/showers/ changing rooms 4 open/canteen/that sell/snacks/drinks/ ce creams b) Now, expand the prompts into full sentences and link them using appropriate phrases from the list below, as in the example. * It would be a good idee fo ... © As a result * Lithink ... should. * This would mean that * The bast thing would be to * This/That way .... © Another good idea is to # lf we do this, ... will 't would be a good idea to put more umbrellas cand deck chairs on the beach. This way people would feel more comfortable and they could protect themselves from the sun. 20 Write a letter to the editor of the local newspaper expressing your opinion about the local beach and making suggestions about how to improve it (120-150 words). Use your answers from exercise 19, as well as the plan below to help you. You can also use the leer in Ex. 18 as a model. Introduction i (Para 1) reason for writing and your | ; | opinion F Dear Sir/Madam, i | Main Body (Para 2) Ist suggestion and rosults (Para 3) 2nd! suggestion and results Conclusion (Para 4) closing remarks Yours faithfully, {full name}Man-made Wonders Vocabulary |] What is there in each room? In the dining room there's a big table and some wooden chairs. There are two candlesticks on the table. There are some paintings on the walls. There is also a fireplace and big windows Which of the following can you find inside /ovtside? Complete the table. © staircase bal win ® fir © path © chimn * basement © * curtains @ fountain * po 3.) Look at the picture and correct the description. There are five mistakes. My favourite room in the house is There ore two dock = ee d jith, sor hacked pole blue ond red sola with some 1 pillows on it and «big light brown marble \ coffee table, There are two os eset on tham. There is aso o pink chatt. | the this room very much because it is very ae 4 sit there when | want fo read @ book, or when | (en with my friends. be your favourite room. Why do each object made of? Ask and answer, as in the example. d # glass * silver © st * china # clay 2 peers 3 biocelet | © marble A: What is the chair made of? B: It's made of wood. pet10 n 12 Fill in the correct word. * honour # reminds # weighs # emperors *# wellpreserved * handpainted # covered * added carved * accuracy Big Ben 13 tons. China wos ruled by for hundreds of years. This statue wes put up in ofo famous president The plate with blue flowers was by my grandmother. These rooms were to the house in 1890, This building is . itwas built in 1875, but it looks new. Sarah's bedroom walls are in posters. She me of my sister, she's got the same colour eyes. This clock is famous for its The table has lions on eoch leg Fill in the correct adjective derived from the word in bold. | had an [amaze} time when | visited the Taj Mahal Iwas a clear, (coud) doy, so we could see for miles. The palace was ful of (price) paintings and antiques. Hampion Cout! Palace is (fame) for its maze. The view from the top of the Empire State Building is (spectacle) He bought this (beauty) silver condlestick in an antique shop. Claire's house is full of (rend) furniture, What (love) garden! You'te s0 lucky! The bedrooms in the White House have (marvel) antique beds The Palace has @ collection of treasures from (vary) Kings and Queens, Susie's sofa is covered in (colour) cushions The Beefeaters al the Tower of London sill wear the tradition) uniform ‘Match the nouns to the adjectives, then complete the sentences. height long depth wide length deep | width high 1. They went for @ swim in the blue sea 2 The wall is 100 meres from start to finish. 2. The Empire State Building is 443.2m 4 “Sally, measure the of the table to see if it will fit between the two armchairs.” 8 Fillin: for, afer, fo, of 1 This building wos named its designe, 2 This coffee pot is made silver 3 lyn reminds me my sister. 4 What happened her? 5 Firenze is fomous its buildings Q Circle the correct response. 1A; | bet you had « great time in India B: a Oh well, b Oh, Idid 2 A: The King made ‘his garden for his wife, but she died before it was finished. 8: a lis well worh it b Oh, that’ really sad! 3A: I'm so sorry I'm late. B: a Don't worry about it b Ohno 4_ A; Thank you for dinner, Jane. B: a ltwas my pleasure. b Fine, hanks. 10 Match the buildings to what they are used for, then make sentences, as in the example. concert hall make CDs theatre watch a film cinema stay while on holiday recording studio ect o meal restaurant see c ploy hotel listen too concert A concert hall is @ place where you can listen to a concert 5311] Imagine you are visiting « famous landmark. What questions would you ask the guide? 1 When / built? 2 Who / built / by? 3 How / old / it? A Why / built? 5 What / made of? Grammar 12 Put the verbs in brackets into the active or the passive. Cars | {make} in Jopan The pyramids (build) by Egyption Kings Egyptian Kings buil the pyramids Edmund Becket Big Ben was designed by (design] Big Bon. Edmund Beckett The litle Mermaid is visited by a | million people each year A milion people (Visit! The Litle Mermaid each year Alesarder Fleming dscovered Penicilin periclin (discover) by Alexander Fleming The police solve crimes. Crimes {solvel by the The president America is uled by the (rule) Americo. | president The lifeguard The children were soved by the (save) the childcen eguard 13. Use the table to moke sentences, as in the excmple. America Christopher Columbus The telephone Alexander Graham Bell Australia. Captain James Cook The television John togie Baird The aeroplane the Wright Brothers ‘America was discovered by Christopher Columbus. 54 14 vse ‘the prompts to write about each place. King’s college is located in Cambridge, Cambridgeshire. 10 Downing Street is 5, Expand the headlines into full sentences using the post simple passive 1 BURGLARS STEAL PRICELESS: PAINTING A priceless painting was stolen by burglars 2. BRITISH SINGER VWINS FRST PRIZE O-YEAROLD GIRL FINDS TREASURE 4 FAMOUS ACTRESS OPENS HOSPITAL 5 FLOOD DESTROYS VILLAGES 6 GOVERNMENT INTRODUCES} NEW LAWCommunication (giving directions) 6 0) Complete the dialogue with words from the list. Where is speaker A? * over * along * down * through * past A me, could you tell me the to the B 30 ‘St James’ Road, 2) the museum, then 3} Ds ne toad. You see a bridge, go 5) it and fe in th ky b) Look at the prompts and the useful phrases. In poirs, ask for and give directions for each place. Use the dialogue in a) as a model. Useful phrases © from the : ee LIBRARY a the Hilton m im to the concert hall 17 Fill in she where necessary. /e you ever v 2 copital lisbon 3 Queen Elizabeth 1am Pala United States? Portugal is 0 India to see 5 at Pyramid is in Egypt 6 Eiffel Tower was designed by Gustav Eiffel 7 Ac de Triomphe is made of marble. 8 Statue of Liberty wi in 1886. 9 We went t Tower of conden Englan was a ship which took Allantic to 55i Reading 18 a) Which is the tallest building in your country? Whereis it located? What is it made of? b) Read a magazine article about the tallest buildings in the world, and answer the questions. The Tavtest Buuoines IN THE Worto From 1889 to 1930, the Eiffel Tower in Pars, France, was known as the world’s tallest building. was designed by Gustav Eifel and was built to commemorate the French Revolution. It is made of iron and was builtin only a few months by a small group of workers. Itis hard to believe that something that was so easy to build is now one of the World's most famous landmarks and is visited by millions of tourists every year. ‘The Chrysler Building in New York Cy, USA, was ‘opened in 1930 and was the tallest building in the “word until 1931. It was designed by Wiliam Van Alen and was buit for Walter P Cheyer, the owner ‘bf one ofthe largest American motor companies. fhe Chrysler building is located in Manhattan, “where itis admired by everyone who sees it In 1931, the Empire State Buiding was “completed in New York City, USA. It was the ighest skyscraper ever buit and was the World's tallest builing unt 1954 The Empire State Building is Tocated on Fifth Avenue in “Manhattan and is 102 storeys high. Inside, there are two ‘Observatories which ofer ae to 4 wos the eosies! Which buildingls! = efor ui are see 5 were opened in the 1 was com wee oF OO ie 6 has o coneet hol? \ a t 7 have over was designed bY 3 ecu Khon? floors? <) Have you ever visited any of these places? If so, how was your visit? 56 419 ie listen to the quiz show and match the the building's many vistors. The Sears Tower in Chicago was opened in 1973, but it was not completed until 1974. it was designed by Faziur Khan and was the world's tallest building at that ime. The tower has 110 floors and is 443m high. The outside of the bulding is covered in black aluminium and glass Inside, there are offices, shops and over 100 Its. The Petronas Twin Towers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, were completed In 1988. They are 452m tall and have 88 storeys each. They are made of concrete, steel and glass and are linked by a skybridge at the 41st storey, p Inside the towers are offices, a concert hall and a reference library, The Petronas ‘Twin Towers were built as a symbol of Unity and strength for the Malaysian) paople, They were the tallest buildings in the world for several years. ce ( Listening mS / ‘hies/counities (A - E) to the landmarks (1 - 6). There is one exra item that you do not need to use, ] Paraguay, South America BL_] Si louis, Missouri England and France Kuala tumpur, Malaysia Toronto, Canada Writing (an article describing a place) OURON— | {4 [ry ) Read the article and match the paragraphs A-D to the headings 1-4 below. 1 what you can do place 2. name and location of the pla: 3 general remarks, recomm 4 historical details. ion| Falls in New York State, USA, and Ontario { © Province, Canada, are one of the natural wonders of the | They are two separate watecalls that come from Niagara iver. Together they produce 750,000 gallons ‘of water per second. E )The Niagara River is 12,000 years old, but the wide, steep slope thatthe waterfalls over i much oer 1 was formed ‘by glaciers in the Ice Age, about 2 milion years ago, by ater and ice cating through the rocks. However, i wasn't tnt 1615 that the fl were first seen by Europeans. ©) There spent to see and do at Niagra Falls. You can take the “Journey Behind the Falls” our or visit the Cave of the Winds”. The views are spectacular. The falls are surrounded by beautiful parklands to, so you can als go fora talk ora bike ide inthe summer. Dexia als are one of the most famous tourist attractions in 21 4) Which of the following recommendations cre positive? Which are negative? Everyone can have a wonderful time there. Falls iso place to visit again and vill be glad when it is time to leave. It is a y boring place fo 3 Niagara Falls js certainly worth a visit. It is 0 unique experience A visit there is 0 must. You will want to go back would definitely not recommend the place. It is visit worst rip anyone could ever make b) Now replace the recommendation in the corticle of Ex. 20 with another appropriate one from the list above. 29 we write an article about a place we can write fur poragraphs. In the introduction, w sed location of the place. In the second paragraph, 2 wile fhe titel fporagroph, we write what one can see or do there. In the conclusion, we recommend the place, We normaly tenses in such pieces of writing, We use enses 10 write about the history ofthe place ile the name the history of the place. In Bi 22. Read the advertisment for the Grand Canyon, then use the information to write appropriate supporting sentences for the topic sentences 1 to 4. What phrases would you use to recommend it? The Grand Canyon - Arizona, USA — American's most beautiful natural landmark 16 km wide - 450 km long made of red rock e Walls of Canyon: 250 million years old” formed by water cutting through the rocks rocks at bottom: 2 billion years old 1840: first time Europeans s: canyon - Retivities: go on hiking trips, go camping, guided tours.go skiing on one see animals (deer, squirrel, wild turkeys, bears, mountain lions) PLAN YOUR TRIP NO! YOU WON'T REGRET 1 One of the mos! spectacular natural landmarks in the world is the Grand Canyon 2 The canyon is ancient 3. You'll never be bored there, 4 I's a wonderful place to visit. 23° Write an article (120-150 words) about the = Grand Canyon.Use your answers in Ex. 22 and the plan below. You can use the article in Ex. 20 as a model. oC _— Introduction {Para 1] nome & location of the place ‘Main Body [Para 2) historical details {Para 3) what you can do there Conclusion [Pora 4} general comments, recommendation + pot deme rreemenaneremnarntis 5 3 Fillin: have, seriously, appetite, high, : ae | 1. Jone: warts to try: everything. She has such al for life. 2 Please a seat, Mr White. aracters fhe lar a aiaclbovs ond oie gr 4. Mr Smith has a lot of 1 management 5 You should take people more Vocabulary a a} Match the character adjectives (1-10) to the descriptions (a-j), then make sentences, 4a) Match the descriptions to the people. ain hetaxcrple. Which person is not described? T[h] dating "Tikes meeting people 1. She's got short, curly black hair ond Z| intelligent hos good manners hin eyebrows. ¢ doesn’! make much noise 2 He'sgot-a long. face, short Black hate {3]_] honest 4 and he is going 4[_] sociable ¥ — ai 35 curly black hair and a Senn [5]_] artistic Flavor and leams things 6 quiet quickly always tells the truth does things which might bee rand n hair, a round A daring person is someone who does things which might be dangerous. ) What do you think the people in the pictures (1-6) are like? Use the adjectives in Ex. 3a to describe their character, as in the Philip variter Philip is a writer, so he’s probably quiet ond intelligent b) Describe the person who was not described in Ex. 1a. 2. Circle the odd word out. Ben ~ sketch artist high, square, wide, Gho plump, average, fat, slim curly, round, thin long, bushy, arched le, pointed, flat, squareJoe ~ rally driver Rachel ~ bonk clerk 5, Fillin: for, from, at, fo. Have you heard John? her friends. london two years ogo. 95) 4 My Smith 5 Why don't we stay Mr Hai fonigh? the word in bold. . 1 Murphy is my favourite 2 HONEST import 3. You need DETERMINED if you want to be successful. 4 I've dmited my grand 5 He's laying jokes on D > nobody tokes him 6 My parents both enjoy reading novels = #7 John has on ; nature i 8 He is very his career is very important to him Complete the sentences with a derivative of 7 Write the opposites. 1. John is very kind to his teachers. 1 2 Peter has got a wide forehead hos got thin lips 4 My brother is very lazy. h sete 5 Ann has got strsight dark hair — 6 Paul's sociable s 7 Maxis his oxily shai, Ico 8 He is short and thin, y is very cheerful, isn’t he? can be noisy at fimes 8 Complete the dialogue, using the words in the list. * science fiction ® comedy ® historical * adventure ® thriller ¢ romance Would you like to go to the cinema tonight? B: Sure. What would you like to see? Anything that will make me laugh. An} 1) would be nice. B: Oh, I'd preter o 2) film. 1 love films with oliens and spaceshi A: Oh, no — | think they're really boring! How about ala} 3) 2 B: Sorry, but | can't stand ry films. I'd rather watch ln) 4) film. 1 Ike learning about world history A: Well, it seems that we can't agree, | think tl rent aln) 5) film from the video club — something with a lot of action B: Fine. I'll ust stay in and watch the 6) that’s on TV tonight. It's at First Sight, called 59ircle the correct response. 1A: Mr Stephens, isn't it? B: a Yes, that’s right. b I'm me. 2. A: Good morning, 8: a Hil b Fine, 3. A: Have a seat, Mrs Parson B: a I'll have one. b Thank you 4. A: I'd tather stay in tonight, if you don't mind B: a Yes, itis. b Thats fine by me. 5. A: What shall we do tonight? B: a | don't know. b Good ideo. 10 Imagine you have a job interview. What questions would you expect to be asked? {Think about your age, experience, character, hobbies, etc.) akon 1]. Which of the adjectives in the list best matches each description? * miserable * pole * lazy * noisy * quiet ® shy ‘* hardworking * generous * cheerful # mean 1 Jane smiles and laughs ¢ lot. 2. Andy makes o lot of noise 3 Tim does very litle work 4 Solly never mokes much noise. 5 Tom never gives anyone anything. 6 Elsie does a lot of overtime 7 Jill hates talking to strangers. 8 Doug always locks unhappy. 9 Angela likes giving people things 10 Michael has very good manners. 60 Grammar 12 Circle the correct item. 1 Will Jenny agree ...... me? A help B helping ©to help 2 My mother enjoys ...... old films on TV. A to watch B watching C watch 3 Tim is looking forward ...... his friends again. Atoseeing B seeing Clo see 4 Ann haies....... fo the cinema clone. A going Biogo Cgo 5 We could ...... spaghetti for lunch A having Biohave Chave 6 That bag looks heavy, Let me ....... i for you. A camry Biocany — C camying 7 Vil ask Jerry. He might ..... he answer Aknowing —_B know C to know 8 Simon decided ...... to london in September. A move B moving C10 move 9 I wonder why Jackie refuses ..... my question Atoanswer Bonswer —C answering 10 The boss expects us ...... really hard Aworking ——B work Clo work 13 Complete the sentences, using the words in bold with too or enough, as in the example. 1A 8: 2A B Do you like it in here? Actually, I don’t, The music is too loud, ond it's making my head ache loud) Do you need any help with your homework? No, thanks ~ i’ for me to do on my own easy Do | need to wear o jumper today? No ~ in fact, i's to wear shorts and a Tshirt hot Did you like the film on TV last night? Yes, but | was to walch it all, and | fell asleep. fred I think I'll give Mary a call Is to call her she doesn’t get up until 10 o'clock om Sundays early Can you manage to put the plates away? Yes, thanks. I'm to reach the cupboord, you know! tall14 Rewrite the following sentences, using the words in bold, as in the example. Jackie is ambitious. She is shy ai times but Jackie is ombitious, but she can be shy at times. 2. Robert is greedy. He is also aggressive. in addition to 3 Laura is ovlgoing, She is sometimes lazy. however 4 Mike is reliable. He is honest and 5. Moira is quiet. She is intelligent 1s well as 6 Peter is bossy. He is sensitive at times although 15 9} Fill in: prefer or rather. A; Where would you 1) spend the summer ~ Fronce or kaly? B: | would 2) to go to ltaly because the talions are friendlier than he French A; Perhaps, bul I 3) hove French food than talon, because it testes wondertu. 8: Well, lialian food is good, 100, you know! Besides, Id 4) to go 10 aly 5) then France, because | love ttalian mus ind art. A: France has many museums and theatres, ico! B: OF course! I's just that I'd 6) ltaly than visit France. b) Where would you rather spend your summer holidays this year? (A Wiese 16 John is on a day trip to Oxford. He needs some information. Help him ask the questions, as in the example. sy TE Why is the rood to the town cente ) blocked? (B Wet does Be sign mean? \ post office? 4 peste the last train 10 York leave? 3 Why is the % Where can | museum closed buy some today? \ souvenirs? 1 Could you tell me where the post office is please? 2. Do you know ? Could you tell me 4 Do you know 5 Could you tell me 6 Do you know 17 Match the beginnings (1-8) to the endings (o-h) to moke full sentences. a ee bout : 3]_JTl help you with © unt the show your temewenk |= fisher? AL ]Debbie called @ eee = (3) eee © before he went shocked aa 6] | Would you mind after | finish what waiting I'm doing [7[] they didn't g I'll give her your know anything messoge. 8 Somebody stole —-h_ when she heard her car the terrible news. 6162 18 Fill n the question tags and the short answers, as in the example. 1A: Harry came fo the party, didn't he? B: No, he didn’t 2A: She wasn't very polite, 2 B: No, 3A: It’s not going to rain, ? B: Yes, 4 A; He's been to Paris before, 2 B: Yes, 5. A: You know how to cook, 2 B: Yes, 6 A: She won't tell onyone our secret, 2 B: No, Communication {identifying people} 19 6} Underline the correct item, then read out the dialogue. A: Who's that over there? 8: Who do you mean? The shor/wide boy with plump/brown hair? A: No, the tall/long, nartow/slim one with the square/blond hair B: | know him, He's very inteligent/average ond he's also flat/reliable. A: How do you know that? B: Well, he’s my brother! b) Use the prompts to act out similar dialogues. © thin git - straight ~ slim ~ blonde ~ curly ~ ertistic ~ sensitive = sistor * thin man - giey ~ short ~ plump ~ ginger generous ~furloving uncle Listening Listen to Lisa and Tom in a bookshop. What books do their friends like to read? 1 Alison science fiction 2 Tina b romance © adventure ft ae d thriller 4 Jim @ comedy 5 Robin f historical Reading 2] Read the job advertisements, then match each person with the job that best suits them. Sandy is friendly, outgoing and intelligent. She likes meeting people and playing on her computer. She prefers going to the cinema to reading. [-] @Secretar ‘We aré'a small company in the city centre and we are looking for 2 secretary. We need an intelligent, cheerful, sociable person ‘who can type well and use @ computer, [] Sales Assistant If you Tove and are interested in sales, we have the job for you. We are looking for an intelligent, friendly person who can deal with customers: politely. Journalist ‘A weekly newspaper is looking for an experienced journalist. The person we are looking for must be able Ne ar | James is artistic and ambitious. | He is also determined. He Hoves to travel and he hates t0 | He likes the outdoors and he} has a good sense of humour. He! tars | Joanna is daring and | adventurous. She likes | writing and kayaking. | N onew> el] id working al to write well and like takir risks, They will also not afraid of responsibilty. [] “Architect A large international fi is looking for a hardworki ambitious young archit ‘We can offer excellent as well as an exciting Gl This position wills someone who is reliable soos eretive. (] “Gardener This is an excell chance for someone wants to work in countryside, The i person must be strong athletic, like hard work have a friendly and loving nature.Writing (a descriptive article about a person} 22 a) Read the topic sentences in the list. What do you expect to read in the paragraph that each topic sentence introduces? A She has o wonderful character, too, 8 My favourite person is my cousin Emma, C Allin oll, Emma is @ great person to be with D Emma is 22 years old and very prety b) Read the article and fill in the topi sentences from Ex. 22a. Were your guesses correct? My Favourite Person [] We grew up together and Ve been best friends since then She is tall and slim. She has fang blonde hair and an oval face with blue eyes and ful ips. She always wears casval clothes which suit her perfecly 3[_| Firslly, she’s great fun to be withShe has goto great sense of humour. She is always telling jokes cand making everyone laugh, She is | kind and generous, too, She loves \buying people presents or doing hings to help them, The only thing ¢] Read the text again and answer the questions. 1 In which paragraph does the writer describe the person's appearance? 2 What information about the person does the thicd parograph give? Which adjectives does the wwter use 10 describe Emma's character? What iusifications does he give? "Main Body. [Para 2} description of the person's appearance/clothes | [Para 3} description ofthe person's i characier and justifications J concusion | (Para 4) your feelings about the person When we write © descriptive article abou! a person, we con write four paragraphs. In the inoduction, we write who this person is and how old they are. In the second paragraph, we describe the person's appearance: (height, build, focial featues, clothes). In the third paragraph, we describe the person's character giving iusifications for our description. In the conclusion, we express our feelings about the peison. We introduce each paragraph with an appropriate lopic sentence 23 Circle the correct linker. My grandfather is tall and/also of medium build. His ‘eyes are small and blue. His face is dark because/ but he works outside. Although/However my grand father isa little shy, he is adventurous and determined. 2A Read the topic sentences, then write ‘appropriate supporting sentences. 1 Mybriend Gary is quite vain 2. My grandfather is a very generous peison 3. Steve is a very active person 4. Aan is gentle and kind 25 Your teacher has asked you to write a short article describing a person you admire for the school magazine. Use the plan below to write your article (120-150 words). You can use the article in Ex. 22 os « model. Plan ~~ | Introduction [Para 1] who the person is | 63Form * We form the affirmative in the present simple with the subject (noun or personal pronoun) and the main verb. | play, dance @ The thicd person singular takes +s ores in the affirmative. fe plays, he dances © We use do + subject + main verb in all parsons except the third person singular to form the interrogative. In the thitd person singular we use does + subject + verb Do you play tennis? Does he play tennis? © We form the third person singular in the negative with does not/ doesn’t + main verb. He doesn't dance well. © We form all other persons in the negetive with do not/don't + main verb. They don't dance well Yes, |/we do. No, I/we don't. Does he/she/it sleep ...? Se Yes, he/she/it does. No, he/she/it doesn't. Yes, they do No, they don't Do they sleep ...? Spelling: 3rd person singular affirmative ‘© Most vetbs take + in the third person singular. I sit- he sits * Verbs ending in, sh, ch, x or 0 take -es. 1 kiss - he kisses, | crash - he crashes, | catch -he catches, | fix- he fixes, | go he goes + Verbs ending in 2 consonant + y drop the -y and fake “ies. Iiy-he ties but ‘I say ~ he says q——..__te Pronunciation * sre in he third person singular is pronounced © /s/ with verbs ending in /f/, /k/, /p/, or /1/ sounds. he steps © /tz/, with verbs ending in /s/, /I/, //, /43/, or /z/ sounds. he dances © /2/with verbs ending in all other sounds. he drives Use We use the present simple for: * daily routines. / get up ai 7 o'clock every day. (daily routine) * repeated actions. She walks his dog in the park every morning, (repeated action) © habits. He usvally goes shopping on Saturdays. (habit) * permanent states. He lives in the USA Time expressions used with the present simple: every hour/day/week/month/summer/year elc, usually, always, every moming/evening/ altemoon/ night, in the morning/evening/ afternoon, at night, at noon, ‘Adverbs of Frequency * We offen use adverbs of frequency with the present simple. Adverbs of fequency tell us how offen something happens, These are: always (| 00%), usually [75%], often [50%], sometimes (25%), seldom (10%, never (0%) * Adverbs of hequency come before the main verb (dlink, ply, ear, eic), but affer auxiliary verbs (have, do, con, wil, ete} ond the verb to be. tHolen always drinks milk for b:eokfast, Peter is seldom late for work Jim doesn't usually wake up early. Mary can never beat me at chess. Do you offen play tennis? Present Continuous Affirmative Interrogative "Negative | Pm Am 1 I'm not drinking . | You're Ave. yeu | You aren't drinking .. He's he He She' ae BH aelaig 2 ls } she wig She } Isn’t drinking .. We're ie + We You're Are} you » You} aren't drinking ... They're they They | Form * We form the present continuous with the verb fo be ond the main verb + ing, ! am working Spelling Most verbs add “ing atter the base form of the main verb eat - eating, waich - watching, play - ploying Verbs ending in-e drop the e and add “ing. race - racing, make - making ‘© Verbs ending in a vowel +a consonant, double the consonant and add -ing. sit ~ siting, slop ~ stopping 65© Short Answers: 5 | Form Yes, | am./Yes, we are. ® In short answers we use “Yes” ‘Are you drinki teaming << No, I'm not./No, we aren’. cor "No", the subject pronoun Vennie yale cond the verb "lo bet in the Reche/ahe/itiant. | comect form, We do not : repeat the -ing verb. Ae they drinking? << Yess they are. EE he/she/it drinking? < fee Use We use the present continuous for: '* actions happening now, at the moment of speaking. She's doing her homework now. ‘© actions happening around the time of speaking. Jane is studying hard for her exams these days, « fixed amangements in the near future, especially when we know the time and the place I'm going to the cinema tonight. Time Expressions used with the present continuous: now, al the momeni, at present, these doys, tomorrow, etc The following verbs do not usvally have a continuous form: have {~ possess}, like, love, hole, want, know, remember, forge!, understand, think, believe, cost ele J have a car, (NOT: Harrhering a car.) She hates football. (NOT: Shets-heting football.) Present Simple vs Present Continuous |The present simple is used for: | permanent states. Jane works as a shop assistant. f * tepeated actions, daily routines or habits. Jonathan drives to work every day. The present continuous is used for: © temporary situations. He's cooking dinner ot the moment * actions happening at or around the time of speaking. She's leaming Spanish. She's having a Spanish lesson now. * fixed arrangements in the near future especially when we know the place and the time They're flying to Madrid next week. Prepositions of Time We use prepositions of time lo say when something happens. We use at with We use in with © the time: at 7 o'clock | © months: in April, in October, etc * holidays: ot Easter the expressions: of midday, af midnight, of the ‘moment, a! noon, at right seasons: in spring, in winter, etc yeas: in 2000, in 1979, etc the expressions: in the moming/evening, ete We use on with: © days: on Monday, on New Year's Eve © dates: on I Jth September rere 66* Present Simple ] 4] Write the third person singular. 1 | water -he 8 I tly-he 2 | start he 9 | mix-he 3 | care he 10 | finish - he 4 | stop ~he 1 Halk - he 5 | soy-he 12 1 g0-he 6 | work -he 13 [watch - he 7 Itouch - he 14 I live-he 2 2) Look at the table, then write as in the example. work in London? drive a car? enjoy swimming? 9° lishing? play gol? 1 Does Eve work in London? No, She works in Madrid 2 2 Yes, ‘She drives a Fiat. 3 2 Yes, She enjoys swimming in the sea 4 ? Yes, He goes fishing once a month. 5 2 No, He plays tennis b) Look at the table and complete the sentences. 1 Nick works in London 2 Nick o.car 3. Nick swimming 4 fe fishing 5. Nick and Eve gol 3 Fill in: do, does, don't, doesn’t. LA B: No, she Jane go to your school? rs Paula play the piano? B: Yes, she A they hove ony children? B: Yes, they A you like windsurfing? 8: No, | rs Tim and Ryan like cricket? B: No, they does, is. This 1) ny friend, Tony. What 2) he do? He 3) an architect Where 4) he come from? He comes from England How old 5) he? He 6) thirty-seven. 7) he married? No, he 8) single Fill in: /, she, it, they. A: Do you like fishing? B: Yes do A: How much is this book? 8 ‘5 £4 A: Who are these boys? 8 “re John and Sieve. A: What ate these? 8 “re letters from my friend A: Does Sve like her job? B: Yos, does A: Ave Bob and Tim gardeners? B: No oren't © Adverbs of Frequency Write true sentences about yourself using adverbs of frequency, as in the example. | always go to bed very early every Sunday. in the evenings in the summer. at weekends. 67ON GR, Same® . > 7 Tick the right box. visit [7] their grandparents ] in the summer. (sometimes) 2. Sondra [] watches TV] in the evening. 7] (never) 3. We don't [7]go [Jiegging [Jin the afternoon (often) 4 Wendy [J listens Jin the car. (sometimes) 5. My parents [7] ploy tennis [7] at weekends.(7] (rarely) 6 Gieg [is] ot home [in the mornings (seldom) 7 Does [_] Lisa [] drive [] carefully? (always) 8 Mary and | [_] aren't [J at the office [] before 10 o'clock. (usvally| © Present Continuous G _ look at the pictures and correct the sentences, as in the example. 1 Tom and Brian are reading a book No, they aren’? reading a book. They're riding their bikes. 2 Anne is eating © sandwich 3. John is drawing a picture 4_ Jim is working on the 68 5 Jane is drinking coffee. 9 Purthe words in the right order to make sentences, as in the example. 1 reading/Martha/is/a/book Martha is reading a book what/is/doing? 2 3. Angelo/dancing/nol/now/is 4. nexi/leaving/are/week/you? 5. nol/joining/Steven/tonigh'/is/ us 10 Fill in the correct verb from the list in the present continuous. Which sentences refer to the present {P)? Which sentences refer to the future (F)? ® come ® move ® visit # cook ® fix ® do * listen ® leave 1 tam lasogna tonight. Do you want to come over? F 2 They their parents next weekend 3 Can you turn the music down please? ' my homework 4 George for Buenos Aires next week. 5. He can't hear you. He to his favourite CD. from Barcelona on Sunday, 7 Jenny to Berlin next month. She's got a job here. 8 Dod the cor n the garage. © Present Simple vs Present Continuous 11. Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple of the present continuous. 1A: What are you doing (you/do)? BI (ote) le riend Laura.gue GRa, % ~ 2 © Prepositions of time (wash] the cor 3A: Dovid 13 Fill in: ot, in, on. (work) very hard these days B: Yes, | (hink) Do you want to meet leler the evening? he needs « holiday. 2 Mondays | have a French lesson 4A Wha 3. We start work eight the moming (he/usvally/havel far breakfast? cond finish four ‘he afternoon B: He (never/eat) ——-.-Robert travels to Boston the summer. breakfast. He only 5 Judy's birhday is August (have) 2 cup of coffee 6 They are leaving for Madrid 15th SA {Tom/play) September. any sports? B: No, he Inot/ 1 Fillin: who, where, when, what, how old, like} sports very much which OA (you/want) to go to the cinemo tomorrow? 1A 's that gid? BI (not/know) B: She's Poula Who else (go)? 2A does he do? B: He's @ vet ; 3A does the drama lesson stan? 12. Write sentences for each person, as in the i example. 4A is Teny? B: He's 17. SA is your fovourite sport rollerblading or scuba diving? B: Rollerblading oA oss Peter come from? B: He comes from England 15 Tick (V) the correct sentences, as in the ‘example. 1G} It’s raining heavily today. v b] It rains heavily 2 o} I'm going to Bath nex! week, ) | go 'o Bath nex! week 3 o| How many languages do you speak? b] How many languages are you speaking? Jone works eight hours a day Jone is working eight hours @ doy. 5 | I's olien snowing in Canada b} It offen snows in Conax 6 | Millions of tourists visit London every year. ; — 3 Sally - shop assistant 4. Jeff stockbroker 1 Joan is @ hairdresser. She cuts hair. She is neuding einewspapariow b} Millions of tourists are visiting London 7 every year. 3 4 6970 long Form 1/You started 1/You did not start 1/Xou didn’t start | He/She/'It started He/She/It did not start He/She/lt didn't start | We/You/They started We/You/They did not start | We/You/They didn't start | L —I 22 : Interrogative __ Short ansy | Did I/you/he/she/it stan’? Yes, I/you/he/she/etc did. Did we/you/they start? | No, /ou/he/she/etc didnt Form © We form the affirmative of most regular verbs by adding -ed to the main verb. | walk -> { walked © Other verbs have irregular affirmative past forns. I drive -* | drove (See lst of iregulor verbs on p. 122) We form questions with did + personal subject pronoun + base form of the main verb. Did you go out last night? '* We form negations with personal subject pronoun + didn’t + base form of the main verb. We did't go to the theatre last Sunday. © We form affirmative short answers with personal subject pronoun + did and negative chort ‘answers with personal subject pronoun + didn’t. Did you see her? Yes, I did. Did you ask her? No, I didn’t. Spelling: Past Simple affirmative of regular verbs We add -d to verbs ending ine. / phone -> | phoned For verbs ending in consonant + y, we drop the -y and add “ied. | cry -» I cried For verbs ending in a vowel + y, we add -ed. / stay > | stayed For verbs ending in one stressed vowel between two consonants, we double the last consonant and add -ed. | stop — | stopped '* For verbs ending in 4, we double the | and added. { travel + | travelled Use We use the past simple for: ‘© complete actions which happened in the past. Kate finished school last year '* actions which hoppened at a specific time in the past. She arrived at the airport at 6 o'clock. (When? At 6 o'clock.) * past habits. She always spent her summer holidays with her grandparents as a child. Time expressions used with the post simple: yesterday, yesterday moining/evening etc, last night/ week ete, two weeks/a month ago, in 1991 erento Used to © We use used to to talk about past habits or things that do net happen/exist any more. It has the same form in all persons and it is followed by infinitive. Helen used fo eat out very offen. (Helen doesn't eat out very often any more.) We form the inlerrogative and negative with the auxiliary verb did/did not (didn't) + the subject cand the verb use without -d Did Holen use to eat cut very ofen? Jenny didn't use to go to bed late. We can use the past simple instead of "used io” with no difference in meaning, They used fo work in London. or They worked in London, Personal Pronouns Subject Personal Object Personal Pronouns Pronouns We use subject personal pronouns Singular Plural Singular | Plural helene ait See aS | la roun as subjects 1 we me John is handsome. you you you He is handsome. i he him * Ve use object personal pronouns she they her fier verbs or prepositions as objects i i | 2 j She doesa't ike me. Look at her. Possessives Possessive Adjectives Possessive adjectives show: Singular | Phra ® that something belongs to somebody. This is my car. my our ‘the telationship between two or more people. e your They are our friends. ha. af * We pul possessive adjectives before nouns. its This is my cat. Possessive Pronouns Possessive pronouns sh« Sra f pial * thot something belongs to someone. They do not take o noun after them mine ours Compare: This is her doll. [possessive adjective) yours yours Itis hers. [possessive pronoun} his hers } theits * There is no possessive pronoun for “it” The Possessive Case To show possession: # We add ’s fo @ noun in the singular and to irregular plural nouns Iris tho boy's dog. [lis his dog; the dog belongs to him.) Iv isthe childten’s ball. (is their bal; the ball belongs fo them. >on TL72 ~ We add ‘ to regular plural nouns. This isthe gids” house. [tis their house; the house belongs to them.) We add ’s to the last noun of a phrase to show that something belongs to two or more people This is Mary ond John's car. (I is their cor.) At=In-On We use at in the expressions: at school/university/college, al work, at home, at the top of..., at the bottom of... i with addresses when we mention the house number. at 16, Heslington Stel, but in Heslinglon Sreet | use in: in the expressions: in the middle, in the air, in the sky, in bed, in hospital, in prison, in a newspaper/magazine/book, in a picture, ina skeet, in the world with the names of cities, countries and continents: in Paris, in Turkey, in Europe, in Arico use on: in the expressions: on the left/right, on the first/second/ec floor, on a chair BUT in an armchair Grammar 5 The climbers rad jackets and woollen hats ] 4) Put the verbs into the correct past forms. 6 His wife him @ gold watch as birthday present. * lose * have * travel # give * wear * slay 71 my keys yesterday so | # rent © ask # move # breck # study ® live couldn't get in my house * jidy # drop # diag # mest # grow # go 8 Jane was upset when she the * buy be beouliful vase. se 91 English when | wos ot university ed 10 We in a hotel on the beach while SoS. = we were on holiday in Spain ——— 11 Tim his room before he went out cons. +y + ied 12 We video and we stayed ot one stressed home last night. vowal + cons. > 13. My teacher me @ question about double cons. + ed World War | 4— double | +ed Form the questions, then answer them about irregular yourself. : 1 Where/be/you/born? b) Complete the sentences using verbs from 2. Wheve/you/go/las! summer? the table above. 1 Luke travelled to work by train every day. 3. What/you/do/ct the weekend? P of so she , nella rcney, ao a When/you/list meet/your best fiend? 3 We to london when my dad got 7 7 «@ job there Pa Who/be/your English teacher last year 4 My grandparents ina small village in the Alps. cll their lives Where /you/ grow up?Pror Use the prompts to complete the exchanges. # my mum help me ® take it the garage # go toa restaurant buy a pair of jeans shove @ cup of coffee * go to bed early © stay home A; Did Sam watch TV last night? No, he didn’t. He went to bed early Did you and Jane cook dinner last night? No, Did he fix the cor himself? No, Did she buy a dress? No, Did you have teo with your breakfast? No, Did your sister go to the cinema? No, Did you cook allthis food yoursel?? No, PH OPOReEerare Look at thelist of things Anna did/didn’t do last weekend. Then, use the prompts to complete the dialogue. 1. visit grandparents 2. go shopping with Sue 3 buy a new dress 4. goto John’s party 5 do the housework 6 wash the cor 7 cut the grass 8 go ov! wih Ted ss N SSIS Se | Hello Anna, did you have a nice weekend? Yes, thanks. It was really busy Wht did you do? 1) Did you visit your grandparents as usual? No, | didn’, | met my sister, Sue, in town on Saturday and we 2} for some new clothes. That's nice. What did you buy? 13) to weor on Solurday night Oh! 4) 2 Yes, | hod @ great lime So, what else did you do? Well, on Sunday | 5) i A: Ob dear. How boring! B: No, it wosn't that bad, Then, in the afternoon, | 4) the cor. A: | bet you were tired after that. B: Yes, | was. | 7} it con wait until nex! weekend A: [don't blame you. 8) ? B: No, | just went straight to bed 5 9) What did Jill do last week? om go out with friends see her grandparents rent o video play video games buy an alarm clock watch TY lose her mobile phone yungeat (On Monday, she went out with friends b) What did you do last week? «@) Look at the note Susan's mum left for her then ask and answer, as in the example. susan, can you please do the jobs on the list while | am at work. water the plants x hoover the carpets v iron the clothes x tidy your room =v cook dinner ’ wash the dishes x walk the dog v Love, ‘Mum A: Did Susan water the plants? B: No, she didn’t. 73Foaster 4 Hon ay, % e* b] Now write what Susan did/didn’t do? 1 Susan hoovered the carpets, and 2. Susan didn’t water the plants, it 7 0} Put the time expressions in the correct heading. * 2 days ago * at present * yesterday * today ® last month © now ® in 1995 © at the moment PRESENT ot present PAST =e b] Make sentences about yourself using the time expressions in the table. 1am learning English at present. Look at the pictures and ask and answer about what Jack’s parents used to have, as in the example. x} IV ~. rr 7] mobile candelobre aad mitt a 7] 7 _— telephone Did they use to have a TV? No, they didn’ Did they use to have a fan? Yes, they did. ebhe> Put the verb in brackets into the infinitive or -ing form, as in the examples. oO used to + infinitive (past) be used to + -ing form (present) She isn’t used to walking (walk) long distances 2. He used to ploy (play) tricks on his friends when he was young 3. Donna used to (be) quite shy, bu now she’s friendly and oulgoing 4 Aler two years in England, Franz is used to {drive) on the left 5. My feet hurt because | am not used to (wear) high heels 6 Inthe past, people used to theit own bread 7 The childien ore tired becouse they are not used 0 (stay) up late 8 Joo used to {ride) o bicycle bu! now he has a new sports car 9 Matk used to when he wos 20 years old 10 Mis Byron used to (wake) up very early in the moming when she worked o the bank (bake) {have} short hair Personal Pronouns - Possessives 10 Circle the correct item. 1 Don't blame for what happened yesterday, Al ®me C my 2 Did he tell you name? A he B him C his 3 She is a very good student, isn’t 2 A she B her C hers 4 The children asked parents question A them B their C theirs 5 "Don't give any more homework,” soid the students. A ous B ou Cus6 ‘Did you invite John ond Anna to the party?" “Yes, | invited both of “ A theits B them Cus 7 "Do you know julia?” *No, | don't know ot oll.” A her B she C hers 8 I'll buy you present for birthday tomorrow A your B you C yous 9 “Did you see Henry's new cor?” “Yes, is very fost!" Ait B she Che 10 Which one of broke the window? A your B you C yours © At-On-In 11 Fillin: ot, in or on. 1 She lives 41, Boker Street 2 We work the fits! floor. 3 The book you're looking for is the shelf over there 4 The kitchen is the right 5 James went on safari Kenya 6 ‘Where's John?" “He's work." Dad's armchair, the world Rosemary Road hospital with @ broken leg 7. My cat loves siting 8 My mum's the best mum 9 The supermarket is 10 Jane's * Revision Section (Units 1-2) 12 Circle the correct item. 1 Did you io have @ hobby? A use B used C using 2 | couldn't drive a car three years ago, but | now. A om B could C can 3. When did you last ot a restaurant? A ect B oie C eats 4 We our relatives in italy next summer. A visited Bare visiting C visit 5 ules Veine many exciting stories A wie B wroie wailing 6 That pen isn’t mine; my brothers A its Bit C its 7. “Is this Anne's hat?” “No, is the one on the chair.” A she B hers C her 8 “What time the plone leave?” “In.an hour.” Ais B does C did 9 The boby was born ih September. A on Bin Cat 10 He the doctor next week A sow B see C is seeing V1 ssesssssens he watch TV lost nighi? A Does Bis C Did 12 Jone was home all day yesterday. A ot B in C on 13 Fill in the correct word. 1 Jenny tidy her room last night? 2 We're going holiday next week 3. How long it take you to get to school every morning? 4 Dad usvally gets up half past seven. 5 John and tindo enjoying the party? 6 Those children are fighting. Look at 7 Look al the exercise the bottom of the page. 8 Becky lost her keys two days : 9 I didn’t ‘o eat fruit and vegetables, but | do now. 10 She starls work 9:00. 11 What lfe ike 100 years ago? 12 He sa. used fo waking up eay. 13. He usually watches TV the evening, 14 We're flying to Paris Sunday. 75ON GRy Pete. QO a Negative | | long Form Short Form | Wow have visited | (ou have not visited I/You haven't visited | He/She/It has visited | Ho/She/'t hos not visited He/She/i hasn't visited We/You/They have visited | We/You/They have not visited We/You/They haven't visited SS Have I/you visited? | Yes, I/you have. No, |/you haven't. Hos he/she/it visited? | Yes, he/she/it has. No, he/she/it hasn't. visited? | Yes, we/you/they have. No, we/you/they haven’. Short answers * We foim the present perfect with the auxiliary verb have/has ond the pas! participle ofthe main verb. © We usually form the past participle of regular verbs by adding -ed to the verb. stay ~ stayed {See lis! forthe post participles of inegulor verbs on p. 122.) * We form questions by putting have/has before the subject Has she done her homework? ‘We form negations by puting not between have/has and the past participle They: Baten’ phoned yer. Use. We use the present perfect: | © for actions which started in the past and continue up to the present i He has worked in this company for five years. (= He started working in the company five years | age and he still works there.) | * to talk cbout a post action which hos a visible result in the present. He has sprained his ankle. He can't walk. © for actions which happened at an unstated time in the past. The action is more important than the time. He has been in Spain twice. (When? We don’t know. Time is not stated. «with today, this momning/afternoon, etc when these periods of time are not finished at the time of speaking. She has typed five letters this akernoon. {lt is still afternoon.) * torefer io an experience. Have you ever been io italy? Time expressions used with the present perfect: just, aleady, yet, for, since, ever, never ete Ever/Never Ever con be used * in questions with the presen! perfect tense to mean “a! any time up to now" Have you ever travelled abroad? * in affirmative statements after superotives and only. She's the most beautiful gir! | have ever seen He's the only friend | have ever made. * in negative statements with the present perfect to mean ‘at no time up to now" [but "never" is more usual). He hasn't ever climbed up a tree. [He has never climbed up a tree.) Never can be used! * in affirmative sentences with the present perfect tense lo mean “at no time up fo now" { have never been to the USA ye —__.Already/Yet/Just * We use already in positive statements and questions. Jock has akeady washed the dishes. Has Jack washed the dishes already? © We use yet in questions and negations “Have you written the letter yet?” “No, | haven't. | haven't writen the lotier yet.” # We use justin statements fo show thot an action finished only a few minutes earlier “Has she told you the news yel?” “Yes, she’s just told me. ° For/Since * We use for to express duration. They've been in lisbon for @ year. * We use singe fo state a starting point. They've been in Lisbon since last March Present Perfect vs Past Simple Past Simple We use the past simple for: ‘© an action which happened at a stated time in the past. Bob hurt his knee at football yesterday. (When? Yesterday.) * an action which started and finished in the past. Tony worked in this company for four years. (Tony worked there for four years, then he left. He doesn’t work there anymore.) Present Perfect Simple We use the present perfect simple for * «an action which happened at an unstated time in the past. Helen has read the new Harry Potter book. (When? We do not know. The time is not stated.) * an action which started in the past and is still continues in the present. Tony has worked in this company for four yeors. (Tony started working in this company four years ago. He still works in this company.) Have gone (to) - Have been (to) * Mary has gone to the supermarket. (She went to the supermarke) and she’s sill there.) Angela has been fo the post office. (She hos come back from the pos! office.) Prepositions of Place ‘We use prepositions of place to say where somebody or something is. These are: &an 7S: © Present Perfect Look at the pictures and say what has happened. buy presents “repair the bicycle win the gome 2.4) Match the items to form phrases and then cask questions with ever. © — @ buried treasure b your wallet ¢ a calculator d_ candy floss e cricket ORon— Have you ever played cricket? anon b) In pairs, ask and answer, as in the example. A: Have you ever played cricket? B: Yes, | have./No, | haven’t. 78 3 a) Look at the table and ask and answer questions, as in the example. v x v v x v ‘ x x 1 John / catch a fish? A: Hos John ever caught a fish? B: Yes, he has. 2 Helen / catch a fish? re 8: 3. John and Helen / ride a wooden pony? A 8 4 John / feed chickens? A 8. 5. Helen / feed chickens? A B: 6 John and Helen / use @ video comera? A B: b) Ask your friend ond complete the chart. A: Have you ever caught a fish? B: Yes, | have./No, | haven't ¢) Look at the chart and talk about your friend, as in the example. Mario has caught a fish but he has never fed chickens.Put the verbs in brackets into the present 2 He 0 Concorde. 3 {you/ever/t of that? 4 Jone in the cy 5 Where this time? 6 Is the first time the children (sisi) London 7 Why : {you/not/do} your homework? 8 think we everything we need for the cake 9 She doesn't know where your wallet is. She (not/see) i (not/alweays/i (you/be} 10 Where: .. {you/pull ol the CDs? 5 Complete the questions, then answer the ‘fall # sleep # ride # see # be ® lose # visit * break an oldfashioned 1 Hove you ever rivetboot? Yes, | have./No, | have 2 to a theme park? 3 your purse? 4 in a tent? 5 Edinburgh? 6 your arm? 7 asleep in front of the TV? ON Ra, ae: 8 seq turtles? * Already/Yet/Just 6 Underline the correct item. 1. She hasn't bought « new car yet/already 2. She has [ust/yet finished waiting her essay. 3 The plane hosn't landed yet/already 4 Ive yet/already eaion a piece of coke 5. They haven't got married just/yet 6 John has already/yet found a new job. 7 She has just/yet managed to find the answer fo this question 8 They have yet/already done the shopping for ihe week 9 We have yel/just met 10 Haven't you called the hotel yet/just? * For/Since 7 Underline the correct item. She hasn't come in to work for/since o week She has lived here since/for she was o liile gi | haven't bought anything new since/for o month, We have known each other for/since ten years. Nothing exciting has happened in ‘his small village for/since a very long time. 6 We haven't visited our grandmother for/since last week 7 He's been working on that project for/since yesterday. 8 Bob has made a lot of friends since/for we moved to this town, 9 He's been an English teacher for/since he wos 25 years old. 10 He hasn't called for/since yesterday morning, ene On * Have gone (to) - Have been (to) 8B Fillin: have been (to/in] oF have gone (to). 1A: [looked everywhere for you. Where you 2 B: Al my neighbour's. Her mother France and she wanted some help with the cooking 79men ae: 2 A: Where's your brother? B: He to Jimmy’ they wanted fo study together. 3A: Sorry, I'm late 8: Where you 2 A: To the supermarket, Where's Josh? B: He 0 football match, 4 al not the new cofeteria at the end of the street Would you like to check it out? B: To be honest, no. | clieady there and the service was extremely bad 5. A: |hoven't seen Mary for ages B: Didn't you know? She Spain. She left two months ago. * Present Perfect VS Past Simple Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the present perfect. ie 1) has been (be) 2 lone ast 2) nema 0 we, tim on ciyway, (we god some great news. fim on ot ety ed boave oF tae tm damsica. |) nnn (arrive sage Tuesday an ‘ime on 90 fal the Fantaetic. ciny a fiohing village aby. We 7) 4 @) lian at ol ih restart, The #008 2) oe ee ecelont. bus. they SS heave) a wae vatity oF dohes ¥ Choose From. Everything 10) anmrmnnsn reat 90 fan er SO For now. | must watch ‘the ouneet! It’ absolutely super ‘out here, Love, Marcy 10 Match column A to column B, os in the example. D] They went to Jamaica We haven't spoken The Johnsons have been T Z 3 [ZT] | haven't travelled [51] Sally! | hoven' seen 6 He finished his homework ZL] They have lived here BT] She has called you B abroad since 1999. for @ long time you for ages last summer twice this morning to mony European countries so fr. to James for three weeks aan hour ago. TOnmg0ea> 11] Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple cor the present perfect. 1A: Where's Bob? B: He liust/leave) 2. A: How's Pom? B: | don’t know. | (nci/see) har since last Monday, aA you enjoy) your holiday? B: Yes, [had a great time, Thonks 4 A; Does Sheila sill work a! Stevenson ltd? B: Yes, she Ibe) there for ten yeors 5 A: When die}? B: In 1905. 6 A; Can | borrow this book? B: Sorry! | (not nish) yet 7 A: Has Tim called? B: Yes, he 8 A: Where on holiday last summer? 8: To Maka Jules Verne* Prepositions of Place 12. 4) Look at the picture and fill in the prepositions from the list. © in the middle of # next to in front of € behind 8a! # ne fon ein There is @ sofa, two coffee tables, a table and f the room. The sofa is 2) the room. One coffee table is 3) the sofa and the other is 4) There is a vase 5) the coffee ‘able 6) the sofa and there is small basket 7] the coffee table 8) he sofa, There are some flowers 9 the vase.and there is some fruit 10) he basket The table and the chairs are 11) he sofa. Thete is a woman siting 12) the table ond there is a mon standing 13} her. Thee is also another man 14) them but he is sling on @ desk which is 15] the table b) Look at the picture in Ex. 12a again. Use the words in the list to ask and answer questions, as in the example. © flowers * two men ® woman ® sofa © two coffee tables # small basket # desk A: Where are the flowers? B: The flowers are in the vase. * Revision Section (Units 1-3) 13 Circle the correct item. 1 Dinosaurs from Earth many years ago. A have disappeared B disoppeared C disappear 2 Why don't we meet Sunday afternoon? Ain B oi C on ONG. Cm 'o 3 You're late - the appointment was 10 not 11 o'clock! A ot B in C on 4 Jeremy his driving test last Friday, A took B takes C has token 5 Jane hosn‘t heard from her sister Monday. A for B since C before 6 When Amy was young she to school every moming. A has walked C used to walk B is used to walking 7 Dorothy doesn't mind whatever her riends wart A doing B todo C do 8 Sometimes he watches TV late nigh Ain B on Cat 9 Tell him to call later. | A om witing B wile a leter right now C writes 10 Jimmy has been waier skiing A never B yet C ever 11 My fother «@ new car last week. A bought —B has bought buys 12. Mrs Simmons is siting the sofa Aon Bin Ca 13 Amy is not hungry. She has hed lunch, A yel B clready C ever 14 you like windsurfing? Als B Are C Do 15 he talked to Mr Tibbs yet? Als B Did C Hos 14 Fill in the correct word. 1 Have you seen o leopard? 2 A: When you last write a letter? B: Last week 3. John isn’t here, He has to the supermarket 4 I haven't seen Bob last Monday. 5 lessons start 10 o'clock in the morning & lock at the childien. They swimming in the lake 7. John hosn‘t phoned 8 I can't wolk. | sprained my ankle. 9 Sorry! | haven't cooked dinner 10 We haven't been to the village we were children. 81Past Continuous Form © We form the affirmative of the past continuous with was/were [past simple of the verb to be) and ‘add -ing to the base form of the main verb, Afirmative BS V/He/She/i was | | di } We/You/They were } soncing: i Interrogative Was |/he/she/it Were we/you/they | We form questions by putting } Beerine. | was/were before the subject Negative = | long form Short form We form the negative by putting Pe aera pS | sadng | aero nel alah w/e | We/You/They | were not | weren't | Use We use the past continuous: * for an ction which was in progress at a stated time in the past. We do not know when the action started or finished. At seven o'clock yesterday evening Sally and Jenny were watching TV. [We do not know when they started or stopped watching TV.) * for @ pas’ action which was in progress when another action interrupted it. We use the past continuous for the action in progress llongor action) and tho past simple for tho action which inerupted it shorter action} ‘She was walking down the street when she ron into an old friend from school * for two or more octions which were happening at the same time in the post (simultaneous actions) My sister was doing her homework while | was playing foorbell. * 10 give background information in a story twas raining bard and the wind was blowing when jane left the oflice yesterday ofernoon Time expressions used with the past continuous: while, when, os, all day/nighi/morning, all day yesterday etc No, he/she/‘it wasn't. Were they reading? ee Yes, they were. : | Short Answers We aiee Yas, Lwas/we were. | Se aoe foe ene = No, | wasn't/wwe weren't.) A Were you having dinner af nine o'clock yesterday evening? Was he/she/it reading? << Yes, he/she//it was. B Yes, | wos. | |Past Continuous vs Past Simple Past Simple ‘We use the past simple for * on action which happened at a stated lime in the post, Nojalio got married lasi Soturday. {The lime is stated. The action is complete. She got married). * octions which happened immediately one after the other in the pos. First she studied the theory and then she did the exercises. Past Continuous We use the past continuous for ‘on action which was in progiess (i.e. wos happening] at a stated time in the past. We do not know when the action started or finished At ten o'clock yesterday morning the gardener was watering the plants in the garden. (We do not know when he started watering them or when he finished). * wo oF more actions which were happening at the same time in the post simultaneous actions She was watching TV while her husband was reading the newspaper. Adjectives/Adverbs * Adjectives describe nouns and have the some form in the singular and plural {a long dress, 0 beautiful doy, seven yellow sweaters). They usually come before nouns. We can also use adjectives offer the verb fo be Catherine is a tall girl. She is tall. Her brothers are tall, too. ; Adverbs describe verbs. They show manner (how), ploce (wherel, time {when}, frequency thow | fen} ete He sings beautifully. (How does he sing? Beautifully - adverb of manner). He's having o meeting fomorrow. [When is he having a meeting? Tomorrow - adverb of time]. They seldom travel to the countty. [How offen do they travel fo the county? Seldom - adverb of frequency) Adverbs usually go after verbs. He runs fast. Note: The verbs look, smell, sound, feel and taste take an adjective not an adverb. He looks sad. (NOT: He looks sertyl. it tastes nice. (NOT: It tastes wieety/. Formation of Adverbs © We usually form an adverb by adding ty to the [ eae aaeeed ] adjective Se ee eae quick - quickly |__ Adjective Adverb * With adjectives ending in de, we drop the -e ond add -y. ae Fai gentle - gently | | © With adjectives ending in consonant + y, we drop the -y fost | fast cand add «iy. had = | hard Sf lazy - lazily | early | early © With odjectives ending in 4, we add ty Lt cS beautiful - beautlly. $e eat 83¥ % e —_ ” ‘A: What were you doing ot 7 o'clock ; yesterday evening? © Past Continuous B: | was making a sandwich, 1) Look at the pictures and put the verbs in 3, Look at the picture. What was happening when brackets in the past simple o the past the photographer took the photo? In pairs, ask Soininbots: and answer questions, asin the example, 1 Amy (steer) the boat} while Dovid ond Poul | {pull) the ropes. | {jog} ot 3 o'clock |___yesterday afternoon a }3. Hugh (walk) | down the street when he Islip) on c banana (fall). skin ond Adam //repair/car A: Was Adam repairing the car at 10 o'clock this morning? B: No, he wasn't. He was reading a newspaper. 2 Craig/listen 3. Fiona/wash/her hands 4 Mary/take/her bike/for repairs 5. Diane/make/cup of too 6 7 4 It wos 0 beautful Saturday morning. The sun (shine] os Cherles nd Sue (get) ready for their journey. Paul/talk on/phone Johnny/drink/tea 5) Which enone * describes an action in progress interrupted by another action? * describes two actions happening at the same time? Si gals be beans cha story? 1 He was looking through the books in the library. * describes an action happening at a He saw Mary studying certain time in the past? . He was looking through the books in the library when he saw Mary studying 4 Join the sentences using as, when, while or so, as in the example. 2. In pairs, ask and answer questions, as in the 2 He heard the ducks quacking. He was crossing example. the bridge * at 7 o'clock yesterday evening? 3. | was mending my cor, John was cooking dinne * at half past nine last Monday morning? * two hours ago? 4 We were ploying tennis. It storted when the teacher came into the-classroom n this morning? 5 I wos bored. | went for a wolk * at 8 o'clock yesterday morning? 84* Past Continuous vs Past Simple 5, Match the sentences in A to the ones in B, as in the example. A 1 I was baking a coke c 2. Jone was walking in the pork 3 As he was walking towards the bus stop, 4. Anne wos listening carefully 5 First | got out of bed 6 We were all laughing loudly 1 storted to snow, while the leacher was explaining the exercise whan the telephone rang and then | had breakfast. when the head teacher suddenly entered the room when o dog attacked her. ~eance 6 0} Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or past continvous. tb was @ cold winter's dey and Tim 1) {ploy) in the garden cf a big old house. People 2) [kay] tho! the house wos haunted, but Tim 3) (not/believe) them. He 4) (decide) t0 go into the house ond see for himself. He 5] (listen) carefully for eny strange noises as he 6} (enter he house. but he 7) (not/hear) o sound. He was nervous and his heart 8) thea!) fost. He 9) (walk) down the hall when he suddenly 10) (feel) someone, touch him on the shoulder. He 11) (shake) when he tuined around but there was no one there. Scared, he 12) (run) as fast as he could out of the house. Pethaps there 13] Ibe| o ghost inthe house afterall a: $2: S3: b) Ask and answer questions, os in the excmple. Where was Tim? He was in the garden of a big old house. What was he doing? He was playing. What did people say about the house? ele Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple ‘or past continuous. He was sleeping (sleep) heavily when the alarm (go off) She (eycle} to work when she (gel) « flat tyre \ (surf} the net while they (watch) the news on TV. Ron (hur) his knee while he (play) football First he (have) o shower, then he (eal his breakfast Peter thelp| his dad in the gorden while his mum [wash] the cor. Fill in: did/didn’t, was/wasn’t, were/weren't. A: What yesterday evening? you doing at 9 o'clock B: practising the piano, A you post my laters? B: No, | \ s0 busy thot have time 1o go to the post office A you feel exhausted when the test ‘over? B: No, actually | In fot | in @ great mood because | have to study anymore! A they pointing the living room all doy yesterday? B: No, they They tan out of paint and had to wait until Monday to buy some more! A Bob fail his driving tes'? B: Yes, unforlunately he decided not fo iry ever again! and he A: Why the plane tcke off? B: Because there « terrible storm and one of the engines working propety A: Whet the boys do at the weekend? they go fishing? B: No, they because Luke feeling very well 8586 oo ora, oo) © Adjectives - Adverbs 9 a) Complete the table. Adjectives ‘Adverbs 1 2 3 4 fast 5 soft 6 patiently 7 lucky 8 early 9 nervously 10 hard b) Complete the sentences with adjectives and adverbs from the table above. 1 @ Mary waited patiently inthe car until her mum reluined from the supermarket. James is not at all patient with his child 2 a They left he paity b Bob was so tired that all he wanted was to have or night. 3a That child is o leorne: b Sheila types very 4 a Robert is 0 very cook actually b John can feel the thythm but he doesn’ dance very 5a His arrival took me by b He pened the door ond le the room 6 Tho cats fur foals very b She spoke so that no one would hear her 7 a. This exercise is very {can't do it Jim works even at weekends, 8 a There was a strange noise and Sam loc round b Mi Jones was very during the interview. 9a I didn't miss my flight b Iwas very to win the lotery. 10 a ssed the street b driver. 10 1 2 3 Use the correct adjectives and adverbs to complete the exchanges. A: So do you chemisiry te B: Yes, he’s really He makes the lesson so ‘00. © difficult # delicious * easily A: This cake tastes B: You make it too, you know. A: Will you give me the recipe then? B: Of course © well © fast ® last A: How did you do in the 200m race? B: | didn't do very ran as Although as | could | still came 1] Underline the correct word. 10 | slowly/slow walked towards the door. She looked really beautiful /beautifully in her new out He is a dangerous/dongerously driver | could easy/easily understand him when he spoke in French, This is a very noisy/noisily class. They hoppily/happy ac: od my help. She speaks English very good/well Is this toy sofe/safely fora five yearcld child? in iso very kind/kindly child She got up and left the room quiet/quiely12. Complete the sentences using adverbs instead of adjectives. He's a potient listener. He listens pai She's a fast typist. She types There was heavy rain outside th was taining Penny is @ very loud speaker. Penny speaks very The car crash was sudden. The cars crashed Their behaviour was very bad They behaved very © Revision Section (Units 1-4) 13. Circle the correct item. She left two hours A before B-ago C yet you ever ried Chinese food? A Are B Did C Hove You don't have to do the woshing-up, I've done it A already —B never C yet What time do you get up the morning? A ot B in C on Please leave the books the table A ot B iin C on He swims in the sea. He prefers swimming pools. A olways —B often © seldom What you doing this time yesterday? A ore B were C have He did 1 the examination A good B well C best Dovid drives very A careful —B carefully careless Sheila was heovering the carpels when Tom home. A wos coming B has come — C came < 11 Hove you ever to Disneyl A gone B been Ie 12 When | was a child, | used my own toys. A moking BB tomoke © Cmoke 13 On Sundoys he usually late ‘A wakes up B has waken up C woke up 14 Red TWotthe moment. A watched —B is watching C watches 15 The accident place two weeks ago A takes B has taken —C took 16 Ben sometimes goes to the cinema Saturdays Ain Bon Cat 17 He was doing the ironing the phone rong. A os B when C while 18 They haven't had a holiday lost August A for B since C ever 19 I'm looking after Tevor'’s cat because he to Australia. A hasbeen B goes C hos gone 20 When he was a student, he travel by train, Now he dives o cat A usedio —B wos C has io 14 Fill in the correct word. 1 Brion mind working late 2 What were they doing at 11 o'clock in the morning Saturday? 3 you break the vase? 4 you going swimming tomorrow? 5. She didn’t to wear jeans when she was young, but she weors jeans now. 6 Have you got the please? 7 He goes to work train 8 you seen John? 9 They went on a threeday to Manchester. 10 What's the .. with hor? 8788 | | Jwvilyou.? << Yes: Ywowil | [Will he/she/it..? <7 Yes, he/she/it will Future Simple Pere. Sr eee See Interrogative | Negative long form Short form Lwill go | Hl go | Will go? I will not go I won't go | youwillgo | — you'llgo | Will you go? you will not go | you won't go ‘hewilgo | helllgo «|= Willhe. go? | he willnot go he won't go {she willgo | shelllgo | Willshe go? | che will not go she won't. go “twill go | Willitge? it will not go it won't go | we will go ‘i Will we go? | we willnot go we won't go you will co Will you go? you will not go. you won't go | they will go Will they go? they will not go. they won't go. Form * We form the future simple with will and the bose form of the main verb We use will for all persons. Helen will go to a party this Saturday. ‘+ We form questions by puting will before the subject Will he come fo the meeting? ‘© We form negations by puting not after will. The short form of will not is won't He will not/won't come fo the meeting. Use: We use the future simple: * for predictions about he future, usualy with the verbs hope, think, believe, expect, imagine e'c, the expressions I'm sure, I'm afraid, etc and the adverbs probably, pethaps, eic. | think she’ get very angry. | expect the weather will be fine tomorrow. He'l probably stay in bed fodoy * for promises. { won' fell anybody. | promise. * for onthe-spot decisions. /’m bored here. Il go to the cinema, © for threats. Stop talking or I'l punish you. Short Answers No, I/we won't Time expressions used with the future simple: tomorrow, the doy atier tomorrow, next week/month//year, tonight, soon, in o week/ month/year, etc No, he/she/it won't. Yes, they will eres =< No, they won'tBe going to Affimaive long Form Shor Form | [am going to fm going fo you aie going to e e af } isgoing to | she }: pate it it you'te going lo we we | you } are going to | you } ‘re going to | they they | Interrogative i Am | going to... | Are you going t0...? Is he/she/it going to...? Are we going to...? Ave they going 10...? Use We use be going to to talk about our future plans and intentions. Short answers Yes, |! am./No, I'm not. | Yes, you are./No, you aren't Yes, he/she/tis,/No, he/she/itisn’. | Yes, we are./No, we aren't, | Yes, they ate-/No, they ater. | Negative © Long Form i Short Form “Tom not going to | Tm not going fo yeu are not going to | you aren't going to | he the | se} i ee “} ta cag fe it it we i we you } are not going to | you the { they) He's going to play tennis komorrow morning. [= He's planing to ...) + to make predictions based on whal we see or know. 1's going fo rain. There are dark clouds in the sky. (I can see the clouds. | BUT We use will to make predictions based on whal we think or imagine 1 think he'll pass his exams. Present Continuous We use the present continuous: to tak abou! fixed arrangements in the near flue, especially when we know the time and the place. We're leaving for New York tomorrow affemoon. (We have arranged to leave for New York.) She's fying to Madiid on Wednesday the 24th, — ° Will ] Read the sentences below and mark them as A, Bor C according to what they express. A prediction about the future based on what we think B promise CC onthe-spot decision 1 I'm hungry. I'll make myself a snack. C 2. Ithink ll go to Spain next year 3. I'l call you as soon as | arrive home. 4 People will wear breathing masks in the year 2200 5 I'll be coretul, | promise 6 ‘The phone is ringing.” "I'll answer it.” 7 I'm sure I'l enjoy the film 8 Vanessa will probably come to the party 9 There's no Coke let. I'll go ond buy some. 10 People will probably live longer in 2100. 11. I'm sorry | shouted at you. | won't do it egein 12 I'ma bit tired. I'll go to bed early tonight. aren't going to 8990 fe «o} Ask and answer, as in the example. * Be going to 1 visit grandparents weekend? 5) lee has made some New Year's resolutions. A: Will you visit your grandparents at the Look at the pictures and use the prompts to weekend? write sentences, as in the example. B: Yes, Iwill, /No, | won't. ploy football/Sunday morning? eat pizza/Saturday night? go 10 the cinema/tonight? watch a film on TV/tomortow evening? go shopping/Soturday morning? move into a new flat/nex! year? buy tickets for he music festival/next month? *# eat less junk food # join o drama group * buy a computer * paint the house * save some money * learn how to play the guier @eNOURON b) Talk about your friend, as in the example. John will visit his grandparents at the weekend. 3. Sam’s mum is quite angry with him. Read what she says to him and answer, as in the example. # do * tidy # turn down # pick up A: Your room is a mess. B: 1) Il tidy it A: Your clothes are all on the floor. 8: 2) 5 A: You haven't done your homework yet. B: 3} ” A: The music is 00 lovd. B: 4) 1. Lee is going to learn how to play the guitor. 2 3 4 5 6 b) What about you? What are your New Answer the questions about yourself using Year resolutions? 1 ihink, | hope, | believe, I expect, I'm sure, probably, perhaps, as in the example. 6 What's going to happen? Match the pictures to the prompts, then complete the sentences, 1 Where will you be at 9 o'clock tomorrow asiinithesexernplé: morning? expect I'll be at work 1 make o pie © pick some apples 2 What will you do b buycnewspoper d_ play golt your summer holiday? 3. Where will you go on Saturday evening? 4. How will you spend next month’s pocket money? 5. What will you buy your mother for Mothers Day? Catlais going Tom and Nancy to buy a newspaper.7. Fill in the correct form (be going to or future simple) of the verbs in brackets. 1A: Oh dear! We've run out of eggs. B: Don't worry. I'l) go (go) and buy some. 2. A: What are your plans for the weekend? BI (spend) it up on the mountain 3. A: You have to do the washing up. B: I know. | (do) it now. 4 A: Clint is very creative B: Yes, He says he (be) on artist: 5. A: Will Jonet visit her grandmother this afternoon? B: I don’t know. | (ask) her when she comes home. © A: Its dark in here. B: You're right. | {switch} on the lights. 7 A: Your skirt needs ironing, B: I know, | {iron} it ter. 8 A: Look atthe sky! It (rain) B: Ohl | take) my umbrella then © Present Continuous Tina is planning her week. Look at her diary then ask and answer questions, as in the example. Mon: clear the attic Tie: visit grandfather Wed: cock diner for friends Thu: meet Julie for coffee Fri: go shopping Set: teke children to the Funfair Sum: fly to Paris 1 fly to Paris / Saturday? A: Is she flying to Paris on Saturday? B: No, she isn't. She’s flying to Paris on Sunday. 10 Tommy is a GRa gp’ visit her grandfather / Fridoy? mee! Julie for coffee / Thursday? clear the oltic / Wednesday? toke children fo the funfair / Sunday? cook dinner for her friends / Monday? go shopping / Tuesdoy? Nounen * Revision Section (Units 1-5) Q Circle the correct item. 1 They in a hotel at the moment A stay B are slaying C stayed 2 Jim to buy a sports magazine once month, A used B uses C use 3 He ihe piano beautifully A plays B is playing C play 4 Bell the telephone A is inventing B invenied © invents 5 jill polatoes when she cut her fin A peeled Bis peeling C_was peeling 6 Those books are not They belong to the library, A mine B my C your 7 The boy wanted toy back, A its B his C her 8 Lilian «a cold for two days A ishaving BB has got Chas had 9 Betty «© baby in February A will have B is going to have C has had 10 | you before | leave for Brazil A omcalling B will call © have called 10 Fill in the correct word. Vt walking down the road when { heard the explosion. 2 John is 3 Peter he was a child | haven't spoken to John lost Tuesday. 5. Mr Forbes became the manager of our company a year James is hungry. He hasn't had lunch 7 Angelo never been to Disneyland. 8 9 to buy lots of souvenirs. to live in London when you watch the fil last night? When | go to the supermarket, | get some cheese. late for work He's always on time. aLPlurals Spelling Rules * To form plural nouns we usually add to the noun cone pen - hwo pens + Nouns ending ins, $8, sh, ch, x 07-0 foke-es inthe plural, bus - buses, glass - glosses, brush - brushes, watch - watches, fox - foxes, tomato - tomatoes However, come nouns ending in take only +. radio - radios, piano - pianos, sludio- studios, video - videos, kilo - kilos ‘* Nouns ending in a vowel + y take -s in the plural boy - boys + Nouns ending in @ consonant +y drop the -y and take 4es in the plurcl orty - parties, baby - babies * Most nouns ending in f or 48, drop the $ or fe and take ves in the plural knife - knives, wolf- wolves However, some nouns ending in 4 ot fe take only s. roof roofs, cliff clifs, giralfe -girafles j ert ttl _ Irregular Plurals [child | children i | mon | men | Some nouns do rot form their plural according to the above woman | women rules. They either have a different form or the same form as in foot | feet the singular. These are: | tooth | teeth goose | geese mouse | mice sheep | sheep ox | oxen Countable / Uncountable Nouns deer deer © Countable nouns ore nouns which we can count. They have singular ond plural forms one egg, wo eggs, three eggs * Uncountable nouns are nouns which we cannot count. Uncouniable nouns have only singular forms. These nouns include: food: cheese, butter, sal, pepper, bread, spaghetti, etc liquid: coffee, milk, wate, tea, lemonade, ete We can use the following nouns before uncountable nouns to show quantity Faboiile + 0 bottle of coke | epacket + 0 packet of spaghetti | | a gloss + 0 glass of water | aslice + aslice of cheese | acatlon> a carfon of milk aloof + a loaf of bread | | ecup + acipofcoftee akilo > a kilo of sugar | | abowl + @ bow! of rice | obo: > @ bar of chocolate QSome - Any / A- An ‘We use some in the affirmative with either countable nouns in the plural or uncountable nouns. We need some strawberries and some milk. Note: We use some in the interrogative for offers or requests, Would you like some coffee? (offer) Can | have some orange juice, please? (request) We use any in the negative and the interrogative with either countable nouns in the plural or uncountable nouns. There isn’t any bread. Are there any biscuits lef? We use @/an in all forms (affirmative, negative and intertogative] with countable nouns in the singular {a + consonant sound) (on + vowel sound) There is @ vase on the table. There isn't an apple in the fridge Is there a book on the shelf? A lot of - Much/Many ~ How much/How many - A few/A litle We usuclly use a lot of/los of in affirmative sentences with either countable nouns in the plural cr uncountable nouns. We omit of when a lot/lots is not followed by o noun She has got a lot of books There's still lots of milk in the carton. As Is these any cheese? B: Yes, there's a lot. / Yes, there's lots. We usually use much and many in the negative ond the inlerogative. We use much with uncountable nouns, ord many with plural countable nouns {don't drink much coffee. haven't got many pencils Is thete much tea in the pot? Have you got many toys? We use how much and how many in questions. We use how much with uncountable nouns ond how many with countable nouns in the plural How much lemonade have you had? How many shirs have you got? We use a few (= not many; some) with countable nouns in the plural We've got a few apples. We use a little |= not much; some) with uncountable nouns. We've only got a litle money. | } 93oo Cray ie * Countable/Uncountable Nouns * Some - Any / A- An 1 Fillin a, an, or some, then write C (for countable) or U ffor uncountable). eg: Fallnsey an, oF ont. What did you have for lunch today? T [2] spaghetti and ....... apple. 2A; I'm going to the supermarket. Do you need anything? o> eee: crass B: Can you get me oranges and kilo of cherries, please? 3 4) 3A: Would you like bread? B: Yes, I'll have slice 4 A: Can | have biscuits, please? iiaees: Bappels B: Yes, of course. 5 A: Is there any sugar in the cupboard? B: cauliflower Y S| 6 Yes, | think there's bag left ww 4 Look at the picture, then use the prompts to ask and answer, as in the examples, soup broccoli flour ; flan. : ©) carrots sandwich 2 Mike, | haven't got time to go to the supermarket, so can you in the gaps with quantity words. Irice?| i I i 2 imams Ta hustoreit A: Is there ony rice on the fable’ B: No, there isn’t. We wei SF). .» of vinega, 2 orange juice?) ST Sa asia A: Is there ony orange juice on the table? B: Yes, there is. There's a glass of orange a & A) snes of strawberry jam, ABR) 8) enn nn juice on the toble. canes Bee 3 [bread rolls?) 9 (egg?) spanks: 4 (coffes?| 10 (chips?) Paula 5 (salad 11 sandwich?) PS. Can you please get me a ae 2 © eilk?) 12 (olives?) = ae Ale 7 (bananas?) 13 [eake?| 8 (apples?)5 Fillin: some, any, a(n). ere eae) Ingredients pizza base cheese, tomato cave tomatoes red and green peppers olives onion mushrooms lefs make a pizza. I've go! 1) pizza base in the cupboard Grea! idea! Wha! else do we need? We need 2) tomatoes ond 3) jar of tomato sauce. Anything else? A: Well we've got 4} mushrooms but we haven't got 5) onions. B: We haven't got 6) red ond green peppers, ether, Are there 7) olives? A: No, here aren’ B: OK, then I'll go to the supermarket. So that's 8) olives, 9) red pepper cand 10) green pepper. Anyihing else? A: Don't forget to get 11) onion cond 12) cheese! © Plurals 6} Write the plurals of these nouns in the correct box. * boy * bread © strawberry # lemon * bus *# glass # foot © child © water # rice © cherry * wife # wolf * baby * chair * peach * packet # box poiato * boys, a “ies ves inegular b) Now add two more nouns to each category. ons Ae 7 Complete the sentences, as in the example. # brush # wolf # mouse # fox # sheep * butterfly # fish dress 1 There are wiicil v° sheep on the farm. 2 There are in the garden 3 There were in our backyard two days ago. in the forest last night 5 Thete are ' in the pond! 6 thee oe Sa? in the cellar. in the wardrobe. 8 Thee oe Yay on the floor. ¢ How much - How many 8 Write questions, os in the example. 1 cartot/in the fridge? How many carrots are there in the fridge? 2 car/in the garage? 3 child/in the classroom? 4. cherry/in the box? 5 knife/in the drawer? 6 woman/in the room? 7 ferry/in the horbour? 8 deer/in the forest? 9596 oe ony, 7a: 9 Ask and answer, as in the examples. A: How many strawberries do you want? B: A bow! would be fine. A: How much milk do you want? B: A gloss would be OK. ete * A lot of - Much/Many-A few/A litle 10 Underline the correct item. 1 Are you hungry? There is a litle/a few roast beef left. 2 I can't make a coke. We haven't got much/any eggs. 3. Thete is a few/a lot of sugar in the cupboard we don't need to buy any. Can | have some/much milk for my coffee? We need a few/much more peppers to make the dish & We've got a lot of/a little bananas so you don't have to buy ony. 7 Thete isn't many/much food left, We'll have to go shopping 8 This restaurant offers a few/a little vegetarian dishes. an 11 Fill in the gaps with the correct words from the lists. A © much © many ® any ® jars © packets A: Have you got 1) any jam? B: Yes. How 2) do you need? A: Three 3) please. Do you have any chocolate biscuits? B: Of course. How 4) you like? would A: I'd like three 5) B: Here you are A: Thanks. please # much # many # ony * bog Have you got 1) apples? Yes. How 2) do you need? Ten, please. Is there ony flour? Of course, How 3) would you like? One 4) Here you are Thanks Pree Pw # much # loaves * some ® kilo A: | would like 1) bread, please. B: Yes. How 2) would you like? A: Two 3) - please Is there any cheese? B: Of course, How 4) A; One 5) B: Here you are. A: Thanks do you need? D_ © much © bottle * some any ® litres I would like 1) Yes. How 2) One 3} Is there 4) Of course. How 5) Two 6} , please Here you are Thanks. vinegar, please. would you like? please. milk? Per do you need? Pere 12 Fill in: some, any, is, are, much, many. A: Did you go to the supermarket? B: I did. | bought some flour to make on apple cake A there opples left? B: Yes, but there aren't We'll buy tomorrow. A: We're going to need brown sugar, 100. B: Mmm ... | don’t think we've got brown sugar lef tomorrow, 100 We'll buy13 What is/are there in the picture? Look and say, then * Revision Section (Units 1-6) 14 Circle the correct item. in the USA B haslived —€ lived 2 Jean when the ‘A was cooking B coo showberries Bo C any ike eating Billy fora long time B didn't see C hasn't soon 5 10 visit, he brought C ours 6 Will you please get me sugor? A some B no C ony and A will buy C om buying B am going to buy 10 Ben by train, but now he drives a cor A is travelling B used to travel C travels V1 There i flour in the cupboard. A B litte © many 12 they were walking it storled raining, A So B And C While 13 How butier do we need? A much B mony C some 14 Josh to have long hoi when he wos 6 A could B had C used 15 I don't pizza, thanks, A ony B some C few 15 Fill in the correct word, 1 At the moment he staying ab the z || his exams. 3 bath the phone 4 orange juice? 5 haven't got opples. 6 When are you to see her? 7 n't washed the dishes 8 you get some stomps for me wher 9 10 97a Go ONG fo “i 2p Comparisons of Adjectives/Adverbs Use © We use the comparative form to compote two people, things, places, etc, We usually use than with comparative adjectives Grag is older than Jomes. ‘© We se the superlative form fo compare one person/thing etc with more than one person/ihing etc in the same group. We use the ... of/in with superlative odjectives. We use in wih the superlative when we tolk about places. 1's the most beautful Fower In the garden. (NOT: efthe garden) * We use (not) as + adjective + as to show that two people/‘hings etc are (not similar. ‘My mother is not as old as my father * We uso less + adjective + than for two people /things /places ete. The black Tshirt is less expensive than the white Tshirt Comparative and Superlative Forms of Adjectives Form * Wilh onesyllable and tmosyllable adjectives, we form the comparative by adding -er, and the superlative by adding -est long = longer - longest * With adjectives of more than two syllables we form the comparative with more and the superlotive wih the most beauittl = more beautiful ~ the most beautiful © With some twosyllable adjectives, such as clever, narrow, gentle, friendly, etc, we form the comparative and superlative either with « er/-est or with more/most. clever - cleverer ~ cleverest ot clever ~ more clever ~ most clever Supedative } big bigger the biggest adjectives small smaller the smallest Lyadiectives| noisy | noisier the noisiest | longer more ‘the most Ladjectives | beaut | beautfel | beoufal Speling * With onesyllable adjeciives ending in -e, we odd + in the comparative and -f in the superlative form safe ~ safer ~ safest © With onesyllable adjectives ending in © vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant and add -er/est. big — bigger — biggest * With Wwosyllable adjectives ending in ty, we change the ¥y to i and add -er/-est friendly - friendlier ~ fierdliest Comparative and Superlative Forms of Adverbs ‘Adverbs form their comparatives ond superlatives in the same way os adjectives. Comparative Superlative sooner the soonest Jodverts | early | eater | the eatles [longer | more the most adverbs | FHV | carefully coreully Adjective Comparative Superlative Iregular good better the best forms bad worse the worst little less the least many ‘more the most much more the most ‘Adverb Comparative | Superlative regular well better the best forms badly worse the worst little less ‘the least many/much | more the mostConditionals - Type O/Type 1 * A conditional consists of two parts: the if-clause {hypothesis), which begins with the word If, and the main clause, which shows the result of the hypothesis, if-clause - If you come early, | - [we'll stay longer. - main clause * When the if-clause comes before the main clause, we separate them with a comma. When the main clause comes before the if-clause, then we do not separate them with a comma. If they don't come on time, we'll leave We'll leave if they don’t come on fime. Conditional Type 0 Use '* Conditionals Type 0 express ¢ general th, | law of nature, something which is always tue or something that chways hoppens os a result of someting eke. Form main clause present simj ‘f-clouse if + present sim In this type of conditional we can use when instead of if if you heat warer, it boil. When you boil water, it makes st if you put salt on ice, it melts eae ee Conditional Type 1 Use * Conditionals Type 1- express o real or very ‘main clause probable sitvation in the present or fulue f if + present simple + future simple | + We can use unless instead of if... notin the pg cones iFclause. The verb alter unless is always in Sea he alfimative If you don't like those trousers, fl buy them. Unless you lke those trousers, I'll buy them. + bare infinitive Relatives (who/which/whose/where/that) * Relative pronouns (who, which, whose, that) introduce relative clouses. We use relalive clauses to identify//describe the person or thing in the main clause. The man [who is voli black coat | is the manager of the bank. ‘elative clause * We use who/that instead of subject pronouns (I, you, he, ele} to refer 10 people The mon who/that robbed the bank was caught by the police. * We use which/that to refer to objects or animals The toble which/that is inthe kitchen is very old: * We use whose instead of possessive adjectives (my, your, his, etc] with people, objects ond animals to show possession That's the woman whose handbog wos stolen. © We use where [relative adverb] to refer to place le | who/that | A hospital is @ place where people go when they are il, -E°°P=- A things/animals | which/that [ possession [whose i e where t = — ‘Seteeeteenteemeeseeerennenenrerenmnee 99100 Comparatives ~ Superlatives ] book at the table, then complete the sentences. distance from city centre number of rooms 1. The house is (far) from the city centre as the cottage. 2 The villa and the house are {big] than the cotage. 4. The house is not (comfortable) as the villa. 4 The cottage is {cheap} than the house. 5 the house is (expensive) shan the villa 2 Write the superlatives, then try to answer the questions. 1 Which is the fiver in Africa? A the Nile B- the Niger 2. Which European city has the ((xge) population? A Betin BB Pas 3 Which animal runs the (fos)? A the gitafle B the cheetah C the lion 4 Which planet is the or) from the sun? A Jupiter 5 Which is the bid? A teem B © Whot is the doy in the norhern hemisphere? A 21 March B 21 June (long) C the Congo € London B Mercury — C Phio re) the ostich C the eagle (shor) C 21 December 3.) Look at the information about the animals, then complete the sentences using the correct form of the adjectives in the list below. * fow ‘omedo dragor giant tortoise. 2 The Nile the Kor 4 The Komodo dr han 5. The giant t the Nile croc: artoise lays b) Use the prompts below to write questions about the animals, then answer them. 1 Which / be / 9 / of all? 2 Which / be 3 Which / be / 4 Which / lay / fe: 5 Which4 = a wo Put the adjectives in brackets into the comparative or superlative form. < ITALY / 1 week =—y Star accommodation Only £1150 FRANCE Lz; weeks £075 bed & reakfad Only £' Which holiday do you thirk is 1) {good} ofthe three? ably 2) expensive) of the three. at's Italy, but ifs also 3) (shorl]. It only lasts a week. If we we can go to Spai {long] na youth hostel 4 A n't really fancy a youth hostel. bout France? I's not 5] [cheap] than Spain, but I think its 4) (nice) of the three. Ye and breakfast suils me fine We're going to France, then. Let's book i! now! Well, what Put the words in brackets into the correct adverb form. y runs (fost) than Pete. That's (bad) meal hove ever had john drives {careful than Paul Sarch dances (good) of all the girls in her class Rober! speaks (clear) thon me. Conditionals (Type 0 - Type 1) Use the prompts to write sentences, as in the example. he temperature / drop below OC / water freeze Ifthe temperature drops below OC, water heezes. 2 you / eat / lots of sweels / you put on w 3 you / not waier / planis / they die 4 you / heot butter / it melt 7 Match the items in the columns then write sentences, as in the example. 1 tired @ eat a sandwich 2 bored | b drink some water 3 hungry © goto bed 4 thiesiy d_ put on a jumper 5 cold @. go to the cinema If you are tired, go to bed. wRene 8 Your friend is going on a camping trip in winter. Match the phrases in column A to the ‘ones in column B, then ask and answer questions, as in the example. feel cold in look at the map the evening d biattroth 2 get lost © slay quiet and 3 have on toke some photos eccident d light @ fire 4 gel tired e find a safe place 5. getcavgh ina cand wait tli snowstorm passes 6 see some wild f call for help animals 1A: Whet wil you do if you feel cold in the evening? B: Flight 0 fire. 2 A: What Deer ee ore 101102 J Use the prompts to complete the sentences. * protect them # water the planis.* study hard ‘miss the flight # get burnt # run fost * wake up Tina * visit Venice # find a foxi 1. Unless he runs fast, he won't win the race. 2 She willbe late for work, unless she 3 Ihe doesn't put on suntan lotion, he 4 Ifyou don't sop shouting, you 5. Pandas will become extinct, unless we Unless you they will die 7 Fl.go.to taly, | 8 You won't poss the fes!, unless you every day, 9 If you don't get tothe airport on time you 10 ©) Chain story: Use the prompts to make sentences, as in the example. Tim go to bed early > wake up early in the morning > get to work on time > boss be pleased > give Tim pay rise > sove some money > go on holiday > have fun $1 If Tim goes to bed early, he will woke up early in the morning. 52 If he wakes up early in the morning, ‘6{ What wil happen if Tim doesn’ go to bed early? You tell the story. 11 Rewrite the sentences, as in the examples. 1 We won't move to a new house unless it has @ gorden We won't move to a new house if it doesn’t have a garden 2 IF you don't go to bed early, you will feel tired in the morning Unless you go to bed early, you will feel tired in the morning. 3 We'll have a barbecue on Sunday unless the weather is bod 4 IF don't get cold, | won't close the window. 5 If he doesn’t finish work early, he won't join you for a coffee. © Unless Paul comes in the next five minutes, we'll start without him. 7 IW the childken don't behave themselves, they won't go to the cinema o Your telephone will be cut off if you don’t pay the bill 9 Penny won't go to the parly unless Sue goes with her. 10 if she doesn’ find her ring, she'll be very upset Relatives 12 Match the phrases in column A to the ones in column B to make correct sentences. 1 Thats the café @ where | stayed was fantastic. 2 Sve isthe gil who looked after my cal wos very good 13 Ishe the man © which your sister gove you? 4 Is this the CD d whose brother is @ teacher erege @ which | borrowed from you were very interesting 6 The books f who won the prize? g whose name was 7 The hoiel Kale h where I'm meeting 8 I met o gil imy Friend later.13 Fill 1 : who, where, that, whose. That's the mon work for Isn't that the ring Jim gave you? They'e staying at the same hotel ‘we spent our summer holiday. ‘owns the company | Is that the watch you lost last week? Thot's the mon daughier is an citline pilot The town | grew up was very quiet. Isn't she the woman works in the corner shop? Fiona is the gif brother motried Sue. 14 Fillin: who’s or whose. Fraser is the boy She's the woman This is the dog care of him anymore. talking to lyn now. looking for a flat ‘owner can't take This is Mr Foster my next door neighbour That's the girl grades were the highest in the school * Revision Section (Units 1-7) 150 Circle the correct item. 1 The Motrix is the seen A less The astronout appeared on TV talked ‘bout the new space programme. exciting film I've ever B > most C more A which — B who C where If you heat ice, it A melts B melt C is matting IF he doesn't pay his taxes, he to prison A willgo B goes C is going Will you buy potatoes, please? A some — B any C alte How have you lived here? A much B_many € long This is the gitl mother is o vet. A who's B whose © who I hove only got sugar left Aaloiof B afew C a litle 9 Whet | wont now iso A jar B bar 1O Someone's atthe door. | it A will open Bam going to open am opening 11 He «a doctor when he grows up. A will become Bis going to be C js becoming 12 She the manager at 4 o'clock this afternoon, A vill mest B_goes to meet C is meeting 13 There ate only .. slices of bread left A olitle Ba few C any 14. As | was looking out of the window, | @ car accident. A sow — B wassecing © seen 15 Jack was listening to the radio suddenly there was @ power cut A while Bos C when 16 John and | Iwo years ago. A met B were meeting C have met 17 My mother has never Russi. A gone to B bento — C beenin 18 How do you go to the gym? A usually B often C sometimes 19 Janice hasn't called me two days. A for B since C from 20 George hos come back from work A yet B just C never 16 fill in the correct word. 1 Where's my pencil? | con't find anywhere. 2 How milk do you want in your tea? 3 That's the boy delivers Mrs Carter's om. 4 Did you to walk to school when you were young? 5 This is the expensive restourant I've ever been fo 6 There were a of policemen at the station 7. This book is cheaper thot one. 8 He hasn't finished his homework 103Imperative Form Use © We form the imperative with the moin verb, We use the imperative fo: but without a subject * give orders: Get out! Open your books. © give inshuctons: Fist, mix he buter and the sugar. * We foim the negative imperative with do © olfex something: Have some cake. not/don't and the main verb + make o request: Gite me your passport, please Don't clase the window Have to - Don’t have to © We use have to to express necessity. | have to return the book to the library. I's necessary.) © We use don't/doesn't have to to express lack of necessity. You don't have to wear a uniform at work. (= It isn't necessary.) Must - Mustn’t ‘© We use must/musin’ io express obligation or duty. You must return the books within four days. © We use must/musin’t to express very stiong advice You must tell the trth, [i's very important that you tell the truth.) You musin’t li onybody else know. {i's very important hat you don't let anybody else know.) © We use must not/musin't fo express prohibition, You musin’t make any noise in the library. [i's against the rules.) Note: Must can only be used in the present fense. We use have to to form all the other tenses 1H have fo work overiime tomorrow. (future) | had fo go fo the supermarket yesterday. (pas! Can - Can't We use can jo: * ask for permission. Can | borrow your pencil? * give permission. You can lake my book make a request or @ suggestion. Can you make me o sandwich, please? (requesi] We aan make spoghet for dinner tonight. (suggestion) © We use can't to refuse permission. You can’t sit here! * We use could to ask for permission oto make a request/a suggestion {when we wart fo be more polit Could | open the window? asking for permission) Could you come early lomorrow? (making o request) We could go to the theatre later. (making a suggestion} Should - Shouldn't Some - Any - No & compounds We use should/shouldn’t to give advice. You Affirmative should find 9 better job, You shouldn't work Determiners Pronouns ‘Adverbs so/too hard. | people — things places some _|someone/ something somewhere somebody’ 104Negative Interrogative Determiners Pronouns Adverbs Delerminers| Pronouns Adverbs People things places people things places no/any no one cen Tey ony ‘anyone | anything | anywh fonyone anything | onywhore Posse robody eeu anybody © Some and its compounds |someone, something, ete} are normally used in affirmative sentences They can also be used in questions fo make an offer or a request. There's something on the chair. There is someone in the garden. Would you like some coffee? [making an offer} Can J have some biscuits? {making a request) © Any ond its compounds (anyone, anything, etc) are used in questions and negations Js there any milk left on the table? don’t think there’s anything on ihe table. © When we use any, anyone/anybody, anything ond anywhere in affirmative statements, there is « difference in meaning, Anyone/Anybody con go to the library. (It doesn’t matter who.) but Anyone/Anybody con ride a bicycle. [Everybody can do it because it's easy } + Any and its compounds can be used atter if in a positive sentence. Call me if anybody comes. * Any and its compounds ore used with negative words (hardly, never, without, seldom, rarely, etc] ‘hardly know anybody in the neighbourhood. + No and its compounds are used instead of net any in negative sentences He hasn't got any money. = He has got no money. * Imperative 2 4) Match the imperatives (1 - 5) to the phrases (a - e). You are going to work. Use the prompts to tell your sister what to do/not to do while A B you are out, as in the example. 1 Don't touch @ your cigarete 2 Purout pleose. © ck /dog % 3 Don' speck b smoking ‘ 4 Stop ¢ the gross Soe ees % 5. Keep off d the ketlle. I's hot * do / homework v eqndaioten © tidy / living room v teachers, * talk / on phone / for hous x *# go / supermarket v | 2 e a ° seal Loa ete b] Make sentences with must/mustn’tu: ge ay Seas the sentences in 2a. © use / my / computer x 1 You mustn't touch the kettle. It’s hot. Wolk the dog.* Have to - Don’t have to 3 What do you have/don't you have to do while at school/work? Write sentences as in the example. Thave to wear a uniform. I don’t have to ... © Must — Mustn’t 4, o) Match the verbs in column A to the phrases in column B. protect @ the sea cut down b dolphins polluie © air pollution hurt d_ the beaches clean reduce @ trees keep F forests from fire b) Now look at the pictures below and use must/mustn’t and your answers from Ex. 4a to make sentences about how we can protect the environment, as in the example. 1 We must protect “2 forests from fire. 5 Look at the pictures and write a rule for each place using mus?/musin’, as in the example. 1 talk / quielly You must talk quietly in the library. 3 run / up and down / slairs 5 feed / animals 2 use / mobile phone Swimming Pool 4. wear / swimming cop 6 book / 100m§ Barry has got a cold so he went to the doctor. What did the doctor tell him he must/mustn't do? Look at the pictures and make sentences, as in the example. 1. You must slay in bed. v i ¥ | x 4 5 Zo. Make sentences using must, mustn't, have to cor don’t have to, as in the example. v 1 you / be / quiet — baby / be / asleep You must be quiel, the baby is asleep. 2 We / hurry / home I / be / sil / early 3 Dora / see / doctor — She / be / ill 4 They / go / to / school / tomorrow — It / be / holiday 5 We / pollute / rivers — It / kill / the fish 6 We / drop / litler / on beaches — It / pollute / them ie. 7 You / put / your hond up / first — It / more / polite 8 Ted / cut / gross —1 / cut / it / this morning 9 You / lose / your temper — It / only / make / things worse 10 Sonia / walk / to work — she / not afford / the bus fore © Can - Can't 8 Use the prompts to make requests, as in the ‘example. 1 tell / son / not pick my roses Can you fell your son not fo pick my roses? 2 twin / music down 2 3 keep / your dog / away from mine 2 4 stop parking / your cor / in front of my garage 2 5 tell / your children / not play in my garden 2 9 Circle the correct response. 1 Can you help me to move these boxes, please? A Yes, | could B Coricinly 2 Could | make « call from your office, please? A No, you couldn’. B Yes, of couse 3. Can | go to a party tonight, please? A No, I'm afraid you can't B Yes, you should 4. We could go to the cinema tonight A No, we will not. —B That's a good idea 5 Can |help you, Madam? A. No, thenk you. I'm just looking B_ No, you couldn't. 6 Can | borrow this CD, please? A Of course, B No, you won't 7 Could you help me with my homework, please? A I'm sorry but can't B I'm sorry but | couldn't 107eo =, ‘oS © Should - Shouldn't 12 Fill in the gaps with the expressions in the list Then match the sentences fo the responses. 10 Make sentences using should or shouldn't as in the example, * You don't have io * can * musin't * Do you have to * must # could & 1 John hos got @ headache He should fake an aspirin, 2 | found a wall in the stee: 1. Could you tell me what the time is please? 2 go to work tomorrow? 3 I'm hungry. 3 wash the dishes this ‘evening, I'l do them. 4 Dean doesn't lke his job. 4 You tidy your room, Its @ mess! B help you, Madam? 5 We are lost. 6 You forget to set the alarm clock for 6 o'cl & We're thitsty B A. No, we've got the day off B Yes, I'm looking for the ladieswear deparimert C Don't worry, | won't! D Okoy I'll do it later E Thanks! F Ws half past three. 7 She cut her finger. 8 They're cold 11] Look at the pictures ond give advi the example. iF] 2 3.) 2C) GOI Go 13 Circle the correct item. 1A: Con/Must| feed the animals ot the 200? 8: No, you don't have to/musin't. 2ead the sign! 2 A: Why do you have to/can you be ot work at 8:00 tomorrow? B: | have to/can see a client at 8:15 3A: What shall | wear to the party? B: Don't worry, You musin't/don’t have to wear formal clothes. A: Can/Nst | wear my jeans then? 4_ A: Mum, can/must | have some friends over tonight? B: Yes, but you can/must tidy your room first A: Oh, do | have to/can I do it now? B: Yes. You don’t have to/can't have your friends 1 goto the dentist. You should go to the dentist cover until your room is tidy 2 goonadiet 5. A I've put on weight B: Well, you shouldn't/can't eat so many sweets 3. go outside and play, 6 A: Con/Must | have @ party for my birthday? 46 bu davai dab, B: Yes, of course you can. 7 & Will/Can | bring my kitten to school? 5. goto sleep, B: No, you won't/can't. You don’t have to/ mustn't bring pets to school. 6 tty ona bigger size 8 A: I've got a toothache. B: Well, | think you should/can see th 1089 A: You mustn't/don't have to woke up early fomortow. B: Why not? A: Its Sunday! 14 Fill in: musin’, don’t have to, can, should, must. 1 You fake the dog for a walk. I'l do it later 2 If you don't feel well, | think you slay at home. 3 You ploy music in the library 4 Dad, I have @ pasty for my birthday? 5 You fosten your seatbelt # Some - Any - No 15 Underline the correct item. 1 Someone/Anyone is hiding in the house. | heard 8 strange noise 2 | can' find my purse anywhere /somewhere 3 Shes got anything/nothing to wear for the dinner party, 4 | met someone/anyone in‘eresting at the party lost night 5 Mary didn’t go nowhere/anywhere for her holiday. She just stayed at home ond rested 6 Does no one/anyone fancy 2 gome of tennis? 7 You don’t look very well. |S nothing/anything wrong? 8 | think | leF my bag somewhere/nowhere in the supermarket 9 Dowsn't nobody/anybody know Jane's address? 10. You won’ find anything/nothing in the box. It's empl. 16 Fill in the gaps with compounds of some, any or no. 1A: What would you like? B: I'd like something to eat. 2A: Where's the dictionary? B: I's coround here 3 A: Hos seen Jone lately? B: Yes, | saw her lost night 4A: There's good on TV tonight. B: Well, why don't we go to the cinema then? Set 7S 5 A: I can’t do this exercise. B: |s there | con do to help? 6 A; Are you going B: Well, | haven't decided yet. tonight? * Revision Section (Units 1-8) 17 Circle the correct item. 1 | don't know where your book is. It could be in the house. B anywhere A onything C onyone 2 Kenny ....... the supermarket. He's not back yet. A has gone to B has been in C has been to 3. You weor casval clothes to work if you want A can't B shouldn't C can 4 You roise your hond if you want to ask a question. I's the wle. A can't B shouldn't © must 5 It's 100 cold in here open the window, Paul A Doesn't B Don’t C Not 6) 4g fo the cineme these days. | don’t have much free time A carly B usually C always 7 Their house is bigger than A our B ours Cus 8 | haven't been to Paris A yet B cheady —C just 9 She hasn't phoned last week A for B since Cin 10 Pom is git in class A taller Ball C the tallest 11 The film wos not interesting os the book A os B more C most 12. Thot is the best joke I've heord A never — B ever C olready 13. The sky is cleat. I be o sunny day. A will B can C iis going to 14 Ave there eggs in the fridge? A ony B some C alitle 15. She ran to open the door. A quick BB quickly © quicker 109The Passive Form * We form the passive with the verb to be and the post participle of the main verb. '* The present simple passive form is: am/is/are + past participle The plonis are watered every day. * The simple past passive form is: was/were + past participle The plants were watered last week. © We form questions by putting the verb before the subject Were the plants watered? © We form negations with the word not after was/were. The planis were not watered yesterday: Use * We use the possive when we wan! fo show that the action of the verb is more important than the person who carries out the action. The car was repaired yesterday. [The action {was repaired} is more important than the person who repaired the cor.| * The agent (he person who carries out the action is inlioduced with the preposition by. It is mentioned ‘only when the identity of the agent is important or needs to be stated. The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell, [by Alexander Graham Bel! ~ The idenity ofthe agen! is important.) + The agen! is not mentioned when: o} itis unknown Their house was broken into last night. b) itis unimportant / was sent some advertising leaflets, itis obvious from the context They were orrested. {obviously by the police) Changing from Active into Passive * The object ofthe active sentence becomes the subject in the passive sentence # The active verb changes into a passive form * The subject of the active sentence becomes the agent. eee eb ober John —[wbject [verb | object active drives the ted.car. | passive The red car is driven by John post simple | She cleaned the house this morning. | The house was cleaned this morning. ' | Study the following table: f : B ‘Active. = Passive Deh pars ipresent simple | She cleans the house twice a week. | The house is cleaned twice a week © Only the verbs that take an object can have passive forms. Jane writes the letter > The letier is written by Jane. But: |t rained yesterclay. [This sentence cannot be ‘umed inio the passive because the verb ‘rained! does not take an object.) qe‘+ When the subject of he active sentence is one of the following words: people, one, someone/ somebody, oN of 7 a> they, he, etc, the agent is ofen omitted in the passive sentence. People read newspapers all over the world. > Newspapers ore read all over the world. Object pronouns (me, you, him, elc] become subject pronouns ||, you,he, ee) in he possive. He asked her to sing. -» She was asked fo sirg When the verb of the active sentence is followed by a prepostion, the prepostion is kept in the possive sentence os wel ‘She put the quests up forthe night The guests were put up forthe night The Definite Article “The” The definite orticle the is used with singular and plural nouns the animal, the woman, the books We use wih nouns when we are talking about something specific, that is, when the noun is mentioned for a second time or i already known ‘She bought a bag yesterday. The bog is made of leather. with nouns which ore unique. the moo, fhe sun before the names of rivers ithe Amazon), seas, (the Balic Seo}, oceans he Pacific), mountain ranges (the Rocky Mountains, deserts (the Gobi «groups of islands the Dodecanese) and counties when they inclde words such as. ‘stale, kingdom’, etc the United States). belore the names of musica insumen (the piono, the violin) bofore the nomes of hotels (the Hilon Hotell theatres/cinemas ithe Apollo Theatre, ships (the Titan), organisations ithe EU), newspapers (The Guardian] ond museums (the Louve). before nationality words he French and families tthe Taylors). before tiles when the person's nome is not mentioned, the Queen, the Price of Wales before the words moming, affemoon and evening, He goes fo work inthe morning. We don't use “the”: with plural nouns when we talk about them in general lions live in the jungle before proper names This is John. He comes from London, before the names of counties /Fronce/, cities london, streets (Oxlord Sireet), parks (Hyde Park), mountains (Everest, islands (Matta), lakes {lake Michigan) and continents (Asio) before the names of meals /breakfast, lunch, dinner, ec] and games/sports igolf, tennis basketball, et] Boxing is 0 cwel sport with the words this/that/these/those. This book is mine. with possessive adjectives or the possessive cose. This isnt my pen ~ I's George's before titles when the person's name is mentioned, Queen Elizabeth, President Bush with the words school, church, bed, hospital, prison or home when we refer to the purpose for which they exist ‘Anne goes to school every day. (= Anne is o student.) BUT ‘Anne's mother went to the school io falk io her teachers. |= Anne’s mother went fo the schoo! as a visitor, not a student.) il112 Sens e Prepositions of movement We use prepositions of movement to show the direction in which somebody or something is moving These are: along, across, up, down, into, out of, over, from... to..., round, onto, through etc ‘She's jogging along the road. sk it | He walked towards the man. He threw the ball over the fence. The ship is going under the bridge. Note: When we ialk about means of transport, we use the preposition by. by car/bus/rain/texi/plane/boot but on foot He put the coins into the box & He walked past the sign, a The dog jumped through the ving. They are watking across the street. FE When there is on article o/an/hel, « possessive adjective (ny, your, lor he possessive case before he means of Jronspoxi, we do nol use the preposition by. Ih the train/in my car/on the 6 o'clock bus/in a taxi/on the plane/in Ted's car ————————____. © Passive 1 Fillin: is, ore, was or were. 1 Big Ben named after Sir Benjamin Hall 2 The Blue Mosque locaied in Istanbul, Turkey. 3. The Houses of Parliament visited by many iourists every year. 4 In her final year at school Lisa chosen as head gid 5 The mayor expected to open the new shopping cenite next month 6 This vase made of clay: 7 The crops destroyed ¢ fire 8 A lot of photographs taken of the Empite State Building ecch day 9 Visitors ....... .. asked not to smoke in this area, 10 The Great Pyramids built by Egyptian kings. 2. Write sentences, as in the example. 1 coffee / mate / Brazil Coffee is made in Brozil. 2_ King Kong / film / New York / 1930s 3 roubles / use / Russia 4. the statue / not make / marble 5 breakfast / serve / 8 c 6 this game / ploy / fou 7 the hospital / open 8 these coins / v; 9 famous paint 10 Buckingham millions of touristseS 3 Putthe verbs in brackets inthe past passive. & Ask and answer, asin the example, 1 The firs photograph Wtake} in 1826 2 Kays (discover) by Wilhelm Roentgen 3 The zip {invent} by Whitcomb Judson. 4. The first electronic computers (develop) in 1943 5. Nelson Mandela {release} from prison in 1990. 6 The fitst practical steam engine (build) by Thomas Newcomen A. Motch the prompts in the columns then moke sentences, as in the example. A 8 c Big 8: make Egypt The Pram give 1913 The Parthenon design John Logie Baird The television invent \ he peopl of France The Stave of Liberty locate Edmund Beckett The litle Mermaid complete marble Big Ben was designed by Edmund Beckett. in the correct passive tense of the verbs 5, Use the information below to complete the in brackets. questions about one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, as in the example. aot ara benutio saad Thanks, They (give) to me for my birthday. 2A: Did George Beinard Shaw write Romeo and Juliet? B: No, of course not. Romeo and juliet (write) by William Shakespeare 3. A: Will Mr Moore be at the opening ceremony tonight? B: Yes, of course, He A: Where wos the Mausoleum of Halicarnassus (expect) to make a speech. located? 4A: What an extraordinary building! B: In southwest Turkey. B: It is, isn’t i? It A: When 2 {make} of glass and steel B: Around 350 BC. 5 A: Have you been to the Summer Palace in AD Why 2 Beijing? B: To be used as a tomb. B: Yes. | really iked i, Ay What 2 {use} by the emperors ond empresses of 8. Morble. China, you know. A: When f B: In the 15th century, 13