Weld Studs

CD WELD STUDS
SPECIFICATION GUIDE
FOUR STAGES OF THE CAPACITOR DISCHARGE STUD WELDING PROCESS
450 Richard St, Miamisburg, OH 45342 | Toll Free: 800-852-8352 | Fax: 937-866-4174 | www.midwestfasteners.com
All information contained herein is subject to change without notice.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
C.D. STUDS
General Specifications .................................... 1

Capacitor Discharge Welding Process ............ 2
CD Stud/Base Metal Combination
Welding Capabilities .................................. 3
CD Stud Reverse Side Marking
Limitations ................................................. 4
CD Stud Weld Inspection ................................ 5
CD Stud Load Strengths ................................. 6
CD Studs Weight Charts ................................. 7
Flanged Annular Ring (Navy)......................... 8
Mushroom Cap/Ann.Ring (MCAL)................ 8
Flanged (Threaded) ......................................... 9
Flanged/Metric (Threaded) ............................. 9M
Small Flanged (Threaded)............................... 10
Non Flanged (Threaded) ................................. 11
Flanged (No Thread) ....................................... 12
Small Flanged (No Thread)............................. 13
Non Flanged (No Thread) ............................... 14
Drawn Arc (Threaded) .................................... 15
Drawn Arc (No Thread) .................................. 16
Bi-Metallic Studs - Pin.................................... 17
Bi-Metallic Studs - Annular Ring ................... 17
Bi-Metallic Studs - Notched End .................... 17
Flanged Accoustical Hanger (Lagging) .......... 18
Special CD Studs ............................................ 19
STUDS (General Information)
MIDWEST FASTENERS
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
CAPACITOR DISCHARGE
ARC
MATERIAL: Standard in low carbon steel, 302/304/305

stainless, and 1100, 6061, and 5000 series
aluminum. Brass and other grades of
stainless steel are also available.
Standard in low carbon steel and 302/304/305

stainless. Aluminum, monel, inconel, and other
grades of stainless steel are available.
PLATING:
Cadmium to ASTM-A 165 type TS, zinc to

ASTM-B 633 (formerly A 164) and other platings
are available. Non-weldable plating is removed
from the weld end to avoid contamination of the
weld.
Copper plating is standard. Cadmium,

nickel, zinc, and other platings are
available.
ANNEALING: All low carbon steel and stainless steel

studs are annealed where required.
THREADS:
Low carbon steel can be annealed to a maximum

of 75 Rockwell B and stainless steel to a maximum of 90 Rockwell B.
UNC-2A is standard for external threads prior to plating and UNC-2B for internal threads. For
metric and other thread sizes contact the MIDWEST FASTENERS Customer Service Department.
WELD BASE: Flanged, small-anged, and non-anges

are available.
1/4" dia. and over have solid ux. Diameters

under 1/4" are standard pointed, and ux is
optional.
STUD
LENGTH:
MIDWEST FASTENERS arc stud length designations are BEFORE WELD; AFTERWELD
lengths are shown in the table below.
CD studs have no appreciable length

reduction after welding.
STUD DIAMETER
APPROX.
REDUCTION
1/8" wide rectangulars
1/8"
3/16" thru 1/2"

5/8" thru 7/8"
7/8" and over
FERRULES: Does not apply to CD
1/8"
3/16"
1/4"
All orders include ferrules when they are

required.

THE MIDWEST FASTENERS CAPACITOR DISCHARGE

(CD) STUD WELDING PROCESS
1. STUD AGAINST WORK.
2. STORED ENERGY DISCHARGED

THROUGH SPECIAL WELD
TIMING TIP AND STUD
STARTS DOWNWARD.
3. STUD FORCED INTO

MOLTEN METAL.
4. METAL SOLIDIFIES AND

WELD IS COMPLETED IN
MILLISECONDS.
Capacitor Discharge (CD) Stud Welding involves the

same basic principles and metallurgical aspects as any
other arc welding procedure. When the MIDWEST
FASTENERS weld gun is activated, a special precision weld tip initiates a controlled electric arc from the
welder capacitor bank which melts the end of the stud
and a portion of the base metal. The stud is held in place
as the molten metal solidies instantly accomplishing
a high quality fusion weld.
made to thin material without pronounced distortion,

burn-through or reverse side discoloration. As long as
one end of stud is designed for CD welding, CD studs
can be manufactured in almost any shape.
CD Stud Welding is compatible with just about any
weldable material, and permits the welding if dissimilar
metals.
CD Stud Welding is generally used to weld smaller

diameter studs to thin base metals, especially where
reverse side marking is not permissible. Since the entire
weld cycle is completed in milliseconds, welds can be
MIDWEST FASTENERS
CD STUD/BASE METAL COMBINATION WELDING
CAPABILITIES RECOMMENDATIONS
*Good: Generally full strength results, depending upon

the combination of stud size and base metal.
**Other materials, such as 7000 Series aluminum, titanium alloys, Inconel, etc, can be welded under specic
conditions.
CD STUD REVERSE-SIDE MARKING LIMITATIONS

The charts on the following page will be of help in
determining the best combination of stud weld base
size and base metal thickness. The terms on the chart
are dened as follows:
EXCELLENTNo marking, excellent weld.
ACCEPTABLEVisible markings, excellent weld.
UNACCEPTABLEUnacceptable marking, base
metal failure.
It should be noted that the MIDWEST FASTENERS

charts are based on optimum laboratory conditions.
Even under optimum conditions, it is difcult to determine the precise point at which reverse-side marking
will appear. Therefore, these charts should be used only
as a guide. For further assistance contact the MIDWEST
FASTENERS Customer Service Department.

HOW TO FIND THE OPTIMUM COMBINATION OF

STUD SIZE AND BASE METAL THICKNESS IN ORDER
TO PREVENT REVERSE-SIDE MARKING
BASE METAL THICKNESS
.010"
.020"
.030"
1/4-20
.040"
.050"
.060"
.070"
.080"
.090"
ACCEPTABLE
16 GA. TO 22 GA.
10-24
EXCELLENT
19 TO 25
8-32
20 TO 25
6-32
22 TO 28
4-40
22 TO 28
1/4-20
UNACCEPTABLE
MILD STEEL
BASE METAL: Mild Steel

STUD: Mild Steel, Flanged
or Small Flanged
14 GA. TO 25 GA.
10-24
STAINLESS STEEL
16 GA. TO 25 GA.
8-32
BASE METAL: Stainless Steel

STUD: Stainless Steel, Flanged
or Small Flanged
17 GA. TO 28 GA.
6-32
19 GA. TO 28 GA.
4-40
22 TO 28
1/4-20
15 GA. TO 22 GA.
10-24
ALUMINUM
BASE METAL: Aluminum

STUD: Aluminum, Flanged
or Small Flanged
16 GA. TO 24 GA.
8-32
19 GA. TO 24 GA.
6-32
19 GA. TO 26 GA.
4-40
21 TO 26
.010"
.020"
NOTE: Stud tip size can influence the degree

of reverse-side marking.
.030"
.040"
.050"
.060"
.070"
.080"
.090"
BASE METAL THICKNESS

CD STUD WELD INSPECTION (VISUAL)

The MIDWEST FASTENERS CD stud weld can be visually inspected by observing the llet at the base of the stud.
The illustrations and comments below will assist you in visually judging the quality of the weld.
GOOD
COLD
Full, even llet all around stud.
No or uneven llet.
HOT
Large crater-excessive metal expulsion,

very shiny appearance.

MIDWEST FASTENER CD STUD LOAD STRENGTHS
*These values should develop fastener tension to slightly less than yield point.

CD STUDS WEIGHT CHARTS (FLANGED-STEEL)
CDCD
STUDS
STUDS
FLANGED ANNULAR RING

(NAVY)
STUD
MATERIAL:
MIN.
L
RD
RL
1/8
3/4
.122
.312
3/16
3/4
.175
.312
LOW CARBON STEEL
CONFORMS TO MIL-S-24149
Type: VI Class: III
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES:
Tensile
Yield
Elongation
PLATING:
NOM
D
60,000 psi (min.)

50,000 psi (min.)
20% (in 2 inches)
Copper coating is standard.
STAINLESS STEEL
CONFORMS TO MIL-S-24149
Type: VIII Class: III
Values for various grades available upon
request.
Does not apply to Stainless Steel.
TO ORDER OR SPECIFY, GIVE:
1. Product Code.............................................................................................................................................. CD F-AR

2. Diameter.................................................................................................................................................................. D
3. Length ......................................................................................................................................................................L
4. Material ......................................................................................................................................................................
MCAL
Mushroom Cap (Aluminum)
STUD SIZE
CAP PART NO.
3/16
MCAL-625-875
NOTE: AR CAP is sold separately. Not a component part of stud.
87-8
CD STUDS
CD STUDS
FLANGED
STUD
MATERIAL:
LOW CARBON STEEL

C - 0.23% max.
Mn - 0.90% max.
Tensile
Yield
Elongation
PLATING:
FD
MIN. L
4-40
.187
.250
6-32
.218
.250
8-32
.250
.250
10-32
.250
.250
10-24
.250
.250
1/4-20
.312
.375
5/16
.375
.500
3/8-16
.437
.500
STAINLESS STEEL
P - 0.04% max.
S - 0.05% max.
AISI grade - 302/304/305 std.

Other grades available upon request.
60,000 psi (min.)

50,000 psi (min.)
20% (in 2 inches)

request.
Copper plating is standard.
Does not apply to Stainless.
ANNEALING: Studs are annealed where required.
Studs are annealed where required.
MATERIAL:
BRASS
ALLOY(lead free) 70-30 std.
Other alloys available upon request.
ALUMINUM
ALLOY1100 & 5000 series
Values for various alloys available

upon request.

upon request.

1. Product Code................................................................................ CD F
2. Diameter.............................................................................................D
3. Length ................................................................................................ L
3. Material .................................................................................................
CD CD
STUDS
STUDS
FLANGED/METRIC
STUD
D
FD
MIN. L
M3 X .50
5.5
M4 X .70
6.4
M5 X .80
6.8
10
M6 X 1.00
10
M8 X 1.25
9.8
12
*All dimensions in millimeters
MATERIAL:
LOW CARBON STEEL
C - 0.23% max.
Mn - 0.90% max.
Tensile
Yield
Elongation
PLATING:
STAINLESS STEEL
P - 0.04% max.
S - 0.05% max.

60,000 psi (min.)

50,000 psi (min.)
20% (in 2 inches)

request.
MATERIAL:
BRASS
ALUMINUM

upon request.

upon request.

1. Product Code................................................................................ CD F
2. Diameter.............................................................................................D
3. Length ................................................................................................ L
3. Material .................................................................................................
7-9
9M
7-9M
CD STUDS
CD STUDS
SMALL FLANGED
STUD
MATERIAL:
LOW CARBON STEEL

C - 0.23% max.
Mn - 0.90% max.
Tensile
Yield
Elongation
PLATING:
FD
MIN. L
4-40
.143
.250
6-32
.169
.250
8-32
.195
.250
10-32
.221
.250
10-24
.221
.250
1/4-20
.281
.375
5/16-18
.342
.500
STAINLESS STEEL
P - 0.04% max.
S - 0.05% max.

60,000 psi (min.)

50,000 psi (min.)
20% (in 2 inches)

request.
MATERIAL:
BRASS
ALUMINUM

upon request.

upon request.

1. Product Code..............................................................................CD SF
2. Diameter.............................................................................................D
3. Length ................................................................................................ L
3. Material .................................................................................................
10
7-10
CD CD
STUDS
STUDS
NON FLANGED
STUD
MATERIAL:
LOW CARBON STEEL

C - 0.23% max.
Mn - 0.90% max.
Tensile
Yield
Elongation
PLATING:
MAX. BD
MIN. L
4-40
.116
.250
6-32
.142
.250
8-32
.168
.250
10-32
.194
.250
10-24
.194
.250
1/4-20
.252
.375
5/16-18
.315
.500
STAINLESS STEEL
P - 0.04% max.
S - 0.05% max.

60,000 psi (min.)

50,000 psi (min.)
20% (in 2 inches)

request.
MATERIAL:
BRASS
ALUMINUM

upon request.

upon request.

1. Product Code............................................................................. CD NF
2. Diameter.............................................................................................D
3. Length ................................................................................................ L
3. Material .................................................................................................
11
7-11
CD STUDS
CD STUDS
FLANGEDNO THREAD
STUD
D
.115
.141
.161
.215
.273
MATERIAL:
LOW CARBON STEEL

C - 0.23% max.
Mn - 0.90% max.
Tensile
Yield
Elongation
PLATING:
3/32
1/8
5/32
3/16
1/4
5/16
FD
MIN. L
.174
.203
.187
.218
.250
.250
.250
.312
.312
.375
.375
.250
.250
.250
.250
.250
.250
.250
.250
.375
.375
.500
STAINLESS STEEL
P - 0.04% max.
S - 0.05% max.

60,000 psi (min.)

50,000 psi (min.)
20% (in 2 inches)

request.
Galvanized and Copper plating are available.
MATERIAL:
BRASS
ALUMINUM

upon request.

upon request.

1. Product Code......................................................................... CD F-NT
2. Diameter.............................................................................................D
3. Length ................................................................................................ L
3. Material .................................................................................................
12
CD STUDS
CD STUDS
7-12
SMALL FLANGED
NO THREAD
STUD
D
.115
.141
.161
.215
.273
MATERIAL:
LOW CARBON STEEL

C - 0.23% max.
Mn - 0.90% max.
Tensile
Yield
Elongation
PLATING:
P - 0.04% max.
S - 0.05% max.
60,000 psi (min.)
50,000 psi (min.)
20% (in 2 inches)
3/32
1/8
5/32
3/16
1/4
5/16
FD
MIN. L
.143
.171
.156
.195
.221
.221
.221
.281
.281
.343
.343
.250
.250
.250
.250
.250
.250
.250
.312
.312
.375
.500
STAINLESS STEEL

request.
MATERIAL:
BRASS
ALUMINUM

upon request.

upon request.

1. Product Code....................................................................... CD SF-NT
2. Diameter.............................................................................................D
3. Length ................................................................................................ L
3. Material .................................................................................................
13
7-13
CD STUDS
CD STUDS
NON FLANGED
NO THREAD
STUD
D
.115
.141
.161
.215
.276
MATERIAL:
LOW CARBON STEEL

C - 0.23% max.
Mn - 0.90% max.
Tensile
Yield
Elongation
PLATING:
MIN. L
3/32
1/8
5/32
3/16
1/4
5/16
.250
.250
.250
.250
.250
.250
.250
.250
.375
.375
.500
STAINLESS STEEL
P - 0.04% max.
S - 0.05% max.

60,000 psi (min.)

50,000 psi (min.)
20% (in 2 inches)

request.
MATERIAL:
BRASS
ALUMINUM

upon request.

upon request.

1. Product Code...................................................................... CD NF-NT
2. Diameter.............................................................................................D
3. Length ................................................................................................ L
3. Material .................................................................................................
14
CDCD
STUDS
STUDS
7-14
DRAWN ARC
STUD
MATERIAL:
LOW CARBON STEEL

C - 0.23% max.
Mn - 0.90% max.
Tensile
Yield
Elongation
PLATING:
P - 0.04% max.
S - 0.05% max.
60,000 psi (min.)
50,000 psi (min.)
20% (in 2 inches)
FD
MIN. L
4-40
.143
.250
6-32
.169
.250
8-32
.195
.250
10-32
.221
.250
10-24
.221
.250
1/4-20
.281
.375
STAINLESS STEEL

request.
MATERIAL:
BRASS
ALUMINUM

upon request.

upon request.

1. Product Code.............................................................................CD DA
2. Diameter.............................................................................................D
3. Length ................................................................................................ L
3. Material .................................................................................................
15
7-15
CD STUDS
CD STUDS
DRAWN ARC
NO THREAD
STUD
D
.115
.141
.161
.215
MATERIAL:
LOW CARBON STEEL

C - 0.23% max.
Mn - 0.90% max.
Tensile
Yield
Elongation
PLATING:
P - 0.04% max.
S - 0.05% max.
60,000 psi (min.)
50,000 psi (min.)
20% (in 2 inches)
3/32
1/8
5/32
3/16
1/4
FD
MIN. L
.143
.171
.156
.195
.221
.221
.221
.281
.218
.250
.250
.250
.250
.250
.250
.250
.312
.312
STAINLESS STEEL

request.
MATERIAL:
BRASS
ALUMINUM

upon request.

upon request.

1. Product Code......................................................................CD DA-NT
2. Diameter.............................................................................................D
3. Length ................................................................................................ L
3. Material .................................................................................................
16
7-16
CD STUDS
CD STUD
BI-METALLIC STUDS
BMWP
PIN BI-METALLIC STUD

MATERIAL:
Pin10 GA (.135 Dia.) Stainless Steel

Pin12 GA (.105 Dia.) Stainless Steel
BaseAluminum (5000 Series)
WASHER:
Self-locking washers are available in a variety of

sizes, shapes and materials.
1. Product Code.............................................................................BMWP
2. Length ................................................................................................ L
BMAR
ANNULAR RING BI-METALLIC STUD

MATERIAL:
PinStainless Steel
CAP:
The cap for use with this stud is the WCN AR CAP
annular ring cap.
1. Product Code............................................................................. BMAR

2. Length ................................................................................................ L
BMNE
NOTCHED END BI-METALLIC STUD

MATERIAL:
PinStainless Steel
WASHER:
The washer for use with this stud is the WAK

notched end key hole slotted washer.
1. Product Code............................................................................. BMNE

2. Length ................................................................................................ L
17
CD STUDS
CD STUDS
FLANGED-ACOUSTICAL HANGER (LAGGING STUD)
STUD
MATERIAL:
C - 0.23% max.
Mn - 0.90% max.
Tensile
Yield
Elongation
FD
HD
HL
.168
1-1/8
.250
.187
7/8
5/16
1/16
.214
1-1/8
.312
.187
7/8
3/8
5/64
P - 0.04% max.
S - 0.05% max.
60,000 psi (min.)
50,000 psi (min.)
20% (in 2 inches)

MATERIAL:
LOW CARBON STEEL
PLATING:
STAINLESS STEEL

request.
ALUMINUM

upon request.

1. Product Code.........................................................................CD F-AH
2. Diameter.............................................................................................D
3. Length ................................................................................................ L
3. Material .................................................................................................
18
SPECIAL CAPACITOR DISCHARGE WELD STUDS

From an .060" diameter no-thread CD stud to a 7/16" hex
CD stud, MIDWEST FASTENERS can manufacture
a special CD stud to meet your precision fastening
requirements. The illustrations below indicate just a few
of the possible congurations in which CD studs can
be manufactured. These illustrations; however, do not
represent any standard MIDWEST FASTENERS instock product line. If you require a special conguration
CD stud for your application, please submit a sketch or
drawing with dimensions and material requirements to
MIDWEST FASTENERS for a quote.
19
5/16
1/4
01/14

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What are the different types of CD studs described in the document?

What are the different types of CD studs described in the document?

What are the general specifications for CD studs?

What are the general specifications for CD studs?

CD WELD STUDS

FOUR STAGES OF THE CAPACITOR DISCHARGE STUD WELDING PROCESS

General Specifications .................................... 1

All information contained herein is subject to change without notice.

STUDS (General Information)

STUDS (General Information)

MATERIAL: Standard in low carbon steel, 302/304/305

Standard in low carbon steel and 302/304/305

Cadmium to ASTM-A 165 type TS, zinc to

Copper plating is standard. Cadmium,

ANNEALING: All low carbon steel and stainless steel

Low carbon steel can be annealed to a maximum

WELD BASE: Flanged, small-anged, and non-anges

1/4" dia. and over have solid ux. Diameters

CD studs have no appreciable length

1/8" wide rectangulars

3/16" thru 1/2"

FERRULES: Does not apply to CD

All orders include ferrules when they are

All information contained herein is subject to change without notice.

STUDS (General Information)

THE MIDWEST FASTENERS CAPACITOR DISCHARGE

1. STUD AGAINST WORK.

2. STORED ENERGY DISCHARGED

3. STUD FORCED INTO

4. METAL SOLIDIFIES AND

Capacitor Discharge (CD) Stud Welding involves the

made to thin material without pronounced distortion,

CD Stud Welding is generally used to weld smaller

All information contained herein is subject to change without notice.

STUDS (General Information)

STUDS (General Information)

*Good: Generally full strength results, depending upon

CD STUD REVERSE-SIDE MARKING LIMITATIONS

It should be noted that the MIDWEST FASTENERS

All information contained herein is subject to change without notice.

STUDS (General Information)

HOW TO FIND THE OPTIMUM COMBINATION OF

BASE METAL: Mild Steel

BASE METAL: Stainless Steel

BASE METAL: Aluminum

NOTE: Stud tip size can influence the degree

BASE METAL THICKNESS

All information contained herein is subject to change without notice.

STUDS (General Information)

CD STUD WELD INSPECTION (VISUAL)

Full, even llet all around stud.

Large crater-excessive metal expulsion,

All information contained herein is subject to change without notice.

STUDS (General Information)

MIDWEST FASTENER CD STUD LOAD STRENGTHS

All information contained herein is subject to change without notice.

STUDS (General Information)

CD STUDS WEIGHT CHARTS (FLANGED-STEEL)

All information contained herein is subject to change without notice.