Huawei New-Generation IP Long Haul

Microwave Solution
More Flexible, More Efficient, and Longer Distance

Speaker: Leonida Macciotta

Title: Microwave Scientist, Senior Marketing Manager

Contents

Microwave Channels Cover the Sea, Land, and Sky

Development and Challenges of Long Haul Microwave

New-Generation IP Long Haul Solution

Huawei Microwave Leads the Future

Microwave Transmission Is Applicable to Various Scenarios

Traditional optical fiber transmission requires the construction of sites. Site construction is difficult, costs are high, construction
period is long, and sites are vulnerable to disasters.

Trenching and cable embedding

Cable transportation

Cable deployment

Disasters

Microwave transmission can replace optical fiber transmission in areas with special terrains, in data backhaul scenarios, and in
important service backup scenarios.
Grassland/desert

Long distance, difficult

deployment

Mountain/hill

Difficult deployment,
vulnerable to disasters

Offshore platform

Long distance/data
backhaul

Emergency communications

Temporary emergency
communications

Microwave transmission does not require trenching and cable deployment, shortening the project construction time and site deployment time.
Cable deployment fees and crop compensation fees are reduced, lowering construction costs.

Microwave Application in Plateaus, Deserts, and Grasslands

Application Scenario

Plateaus, deserts, and grasslands

Sparsely populated areas where workers need to communicate

Advantages

Site Planning

No optical fibers need to be deployed and maintained.

Microwave transmission features low cost, broad vision, and easy construction.

Data backhaul along settlements and operating sites

Service backhaul to the control center

Microwave Application in Remote Mountainous Areas

Mountain

Operating area 1

Operating area 3
Control center

River

Operating area 2

Application Scenario

Remote mountainous areas where a river passes through and the terrain is very complex
Optical fibers are difficult to deploy and vulnerable to natural disasters such as landslides
and floods.

Site Planning
Service aggregation, service traffic upload for operating areas
Choose existing communications sites

Advantages

A unified network management system (NMS) provides easy management. Microwave transmission is more suitable for mountainous areas.

Microwave transmission is not easily influenced by disasters. If the transmission is affected, services can be recovered quickly.

Microwave Application in Islands

Application Scenario

Islands and offshore platforms

Transmission across the sea: large capacity and long distance

Site Planning

Microwave devices and optical devices can be deployed together.

Space diversity (SD) prevents signal fading.

Advantages

There is no submarine optical cable construction cost. Microwave devices and optical devices can be deployed together and managed by the same NMS.

IP microwave transmission features large capacity, long transmission distance, and high reliability, meeting carrier-class reliability requirements.

IP Long Haul Solution Helps IMBTVN Reconstruct a Digital Network

Customer Challenges

Old analog microwave devices use a single channel, provide small capacity, and cannot meet growing service
requirements of Inner Mongolia Broadcast and Television Network (IMBTVN). In addition, spare parts for the

devices cannot be purchased because they are no longer produced. It is difficult to maintain and repair existing
devices.

A large number of long-distance links exist. The capability of resisting multipath fading is required to ensure the
link stability.

Sites are hard to access, the winter in Inner Mongolia is cold, and the delivery time is short. The customer
requires that Phase 1 of the project should be delivered within one month.

Huawei Solution

Huawei uses the IP Long Haul microwave solution to construct the network. The network provides a capacity of
(2 + 1) x STM-1 and can be smoothly evolved to an IP microwave network in the future.

A distributed solution is used. Intermediate frequency (IF) cables are deployed on towers. The project is
delivered quickly. The total cost of ownership (TCO) is reduced and capital is reserved for branch line
construction.

A unified NMS manages both microwave devices and multiplexing devices, improving operation and
maintenance (O&M) efficiency through end-to-end (E2E) management.

Two NMS systems work in hot standby mode, building a highly reliable network.

Customer Benefits

The new network meets the large capacity, diversity, and high quality transmission requirements of IMBTVN,
ensuring the quality of important TV and broadcasting programs. Huawei helps IMBTVN build a comprehensive
and secure broadcasting system.

Microwave stations and transmitting stations on high mountains form a broadcast and TV ground network,
providing TV services and production guidance for farmers and herdsmen in remote areas.

The customer can provide value-added services such as broadband leasing, China Mobile Multimedia
Broadcasting (CMMB), and video conferencing services.

3.2 Gbps Large

Large--Capacity Long Haul Backbone Network
in Middle East
Customer Challenges

Existing microwave lines on the live network cannot meet 3 Gbps large-capacity service requirements of the
customer.

The reliability of old TDM microwave devices is low and the maintenance cost is high.

The weather is harsh. Some sites are on snow mountains that have a high altitude of 3,000 m and a low
temperature of 40C. It is difficult to deploy devices in the harsh environment and the device reliability
requirement is high.

Huawei Solution

Speed of light: The 2+0 XPIC links provide a large capacity of 3.2 Gbps.

All-IP line: The Hybrid/Packet integrated platform is MPLS-TP ready.

Ultra-long distance: All links, including international links and long-distance main links between cities, are longer
than 50 km. The longest link is over 90 km.

High reliability: Huawei successfully deploys a network for the customer in the extremely harsh environment and
the network runs stably.

Customer Benefits

The large transmission capacity meets the customer's capacity requirements in the future.

The network is highly reliable and the operating expense (OPEX) is reduced by 30%. The E2E NMS facilitates
network maintenance.

The highly efficient microwave network can be deployed quickly, providing efficient service provisioning and
management. The customer can provide various services rapidly.

Work stably at a long-term

operating temperature of 40C

Most sites are hard to reach

and devices can only be
transported using animals.

Long Haul Microwave Links Across the Sea for

China Unicom Zhuhai
Qi'ao Island

34.79 km
Optical fiber

Guishan Island

22.36 km

Hengqin Tower

19.99 km

Wailingding Tower

STM-4 SNCP
35.33 km

Dong'ao Island

Site on Dong'ao Island

Huawei Solution

Customer Requirements

The original microwave network features low capacity

and low reliability, and cannot meet the customer's

service development requirements. The network also
needs to transmit services for China National Offshore

Huawei uses space diversity technology and 1.8

Customer Benefits

diameter dual-polarized anti-corrosion antennas.

three years and successfully withstands typhoons

STM-4 services form a subnetwork connection

protection (SNCP) ring.

The network runs normally without any faults for

and strong corrosion climate on the island.

A unified NMS manages both microwave and MSTP

Oil Corporation. Therefore, China Unicom Zhuhai

(Metro 1000) devices, providing E2E service

decided to reconstruct its microwave network in 2009.

provisioning and management.

Contents

Microwave Channels Cover the Sea, Land, and Sky

Development and Challenges of Long Haul Microwave

New-Generation IP Long Haul Solution

Huawei Microwave Leads the Future

Analog Microwave Era of Long Haul Microwave

In 1950s, the United States and

Large-diameter horn
antenna

Europe began to use long haul

microwave as the wireless relay
to transmit telephone and TV
signals.

The large device

occupies a lot of space
in the equipment room.

Currently, microwave is the

main method for long distance
signal transmission.

In 1950, AT&T constructed the world's first long haul microwave link from New York to San Francisco.

Digital Era of Long Haul Microwave

In 1980s, solid-state amplifiers
replaced traveling-wave tubes
(TWTs). Digital modulation and
demodulation units gradually
replaced analog modulation and
demodulation units.

Microwave devices were

smaller, but the size was
still large.

SDH Era of Long Haul Microwave

Transmitting and modulation module
Receiving and demodulation module

STM-1 service interface module, crossconnect and main control module

In 1990s, synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) long haul

microwave gradually became the mainstream technology.
One cabinet could have 3+1 systems installed. Forward error
correction (FEC) technology and 64 quadrature amplitude
modulation (QAM)/128 QAM appeared.

Development Requirements of Long Haul Microwave

Hybrid/IP Microwave
TDM and Ethernet services

PDH/SDH microwave
E1/STM-1 services

Analog microwave
Analog signal services
The transmission capacity is
low.
The device is large and
occupies a lot of space.
The capacity of resisting
multipath interference is poor.

The transmission capacity is

low.
The types of services are
limited.
The spectral efficiency is low.
The installation, configuration,
and O&M are complex.

Integrated devices feature fast

installation and simple O&M.
The capacity is large and
transmission efficiency is high.
Multiple types of services such
as voice, video, and data
services are supported.
The transmission distance is
longer.

Contents

Microwave Channels Cover the Sea, Land, and Sky

Development and Challenges of Long Haul Microwave

New-Generation IP Long Haul Solution

Huawei Microwave Leads the Future

Huawei New
New--Generation IP Long Haul Microwave Solution
All-indoor (traditional form)
Elliptical
rigid
waveguide

Split

All-outdoor

Flexible
waveguide

RFU

RFU

Flexible
waveguide

Branching

RFU

Outdoor
cabinet

980L
980L

16+0 per
antenna

16+0 per
antenna

16+0 per
antenna

TDM/Hybrid/Packet Integrated Platform

(shared key components)

980L

RFU

Branching

BRU

Antenna

Introduction to RTN Agile IP Long Haul Feature

RTN Agile IP Long Haul Feature

RTN Agile IP Long Haul Split Structure

RFU

RF features

Split structure

Frequency band: 6/7/8/11 GHz

Channel spacing: 28/40/56 MHz
Modulation mode: QPSK to 1024QAM
ACCP/ACAP/CCDP
Single antenna: N+0 (N 16) or N+1 (N 11)
IF combination, adaptive modulation (AM), SNCP/ERPS

Ethernet features

IF cable

Bandwidth acceleration
12*EPLA
HQoS
MPLS, MPLS-TP, Y.1731
IEEE 1588v2

Service interface

980L
16+0 per antenna

E1, STM-1/4(e/o), FE, GE(e/o)

Link capacity

Up to 16 Gbps (IP)/32*STM-1(TDM)

Highlights of RTN Agile IP Long Haul Solution

More Efficient

More Flexible
Flexible installation and O&M

1024 QAM

Less space and load on the tower

56 MHz large channel

Lower power consumption and OPEX

Header compression technology

Flexible TDM/Hybrid/Packet microwave modes

and smooth upgrade

IP
Long Haul

1 Gbps large capacity on a single channel

16+0: 16 Gbps/32*STM-1
Unified NMS

Higher system gain

Longer Distance

IF combination technology
Higher reliability

RTN Agile IP Long Haul

More Flexible

More Efficient

Longer Distance

More Flexible
Flexible Installation/Less Load on the Tower/Lower Power Consumption/Flexible
Microwave Modes/Smooth Upgrade

Flexible Installation and O&M

Fewer Components, Faster Deployment
All-indoor

13 components

Split

6 components

Less Space, Better Environment

All-indoor

Split

RFU

980L

Traditional all-indoor microwave devices can only be installed inside the

equipment room. The power consumption is high, requiring fast heat

Number of components
13

Delivery time
Shortened by
50%

Reduced by
54%
6

All-indoor Split

>3
days

1.5
days

All-indoor Split

dissipation in the equipment room.

Traditional all-indoor microwave devices occupy a large space in the
equipment room.

RF units of the split microwave device are installed outside the equipment
room, reducing indoor radiation and improving equipment room
environment.

Less Indoor Heat Emission Reduces OPEX

All-Indoor: Indoor Heat Dissipation

Split: Indoor and Outdoor Heat Dissipation

Outdoor heat
dissipation

Simpler temperature
control system
Indoor heat
dissipation

Indoor heat
dissipation

Reduced by 51%
612 w

312 w
300 w
8+0 configuration

Outdoor heat dissipation reduces power consumption.

Smaller Antenna Reduces Load on the Tower

All-indoor

Split

3.0 m antenna
gain: 45.2 dB

2.4 m antenna
gain: 43.3 dB

Transmission loss of
50 m elliptical rigid
waveguide: 2.9 dB
7/8 GHz

The split installation

mode reduces the
antenna diameter.

Transmission loss of 1.2 m

flexible waveguide: 0.4 dB
7/8 GHz

Total gain: 42.3 dB (45.2 - 2.9)

Total gain: 42.9 dB > 42.3 dB

The smaller antenna saves space and reduces load on the tower.
Antenna Comparison
(3.0 m VS 2.4 m)

Diameter
(m)

Weight
(kg)

Axial Force
(N)

Lateral Force
(N)

3.0 m antenna (all-indoor)

Elliptical rigid waveguide

3.0

270

26241

12951

2.4 m antenna (split)

IF cable/flexible waveguide

2.4

188

17481

8628

TDM/Hybrid/Packet Integrated Platform Supports

Smooth Evolution
STM-1
STM-1/4

VC
E1/IMA E1

PWE3
emulation
L2 processing

Packet
switching
plane

Native E1

RFU

TDM cross-connect plane

Native STM-1

E1
CES E1
ATM

ATM PWE3

MPLS-TP

GE

FE/GE

Ethernet PWE3
Ethernet

L3 routing platform

RTN 980L dual plans

Native Ethernet
IP/MPLS

E1/IMA E1

STM-1/4

Smooth evolution

FE/GE

SDH microwave, Hybrid microwave, and Packet microwave can be flexibly selected.
The network can be smoothly upgraded to the IP microwave network through software upgrade and there is no need to replace the
hardware, protecting the customer's investment.

RTN Agile IP Long Haul

More Flexible

More Efficient

Longer Distance

More Efficient
Large Capacity/16+0/1024 QAM/Header Compression Technology/56 MHz
Large Channel/Unified NMS

A Single Channel Provides a High Bandwidth

of 1 Gbps/2*STM-1
1 Gbps/2*STM-1 capacity on a channel

Efficient modulation mode: Compared with 128 QAM, 1024 QAM

improves the bandwidth by 32.5%. A 28 MHz channel can provide a
throughput of 265 Mbps.

56 MHz large channel: Compared with the 28 MHz channel, the

56MHz channel improves the bandwidth by 106%. A single provides

Frame header Payload

a 2*STM-1 capacity.

Header compression technology: With Huawei's innovative header

ID

compression technology, a single channel provides a high

Payload

throughput of 1 Gbps.

200 Mbps/
1*STM-1
128 QAM @ 28 MHz

265 Mbps/
1*STM-1
1024 QAM @ 28 MHz

28 M

28 M

56 M

1 Gbps/

f1

f2

f1

2*STM-1

548 Mbps/
2*STM-1

1024 QAM @ 56 MHz

Header compression technology

A Single Antenna Provides a Large Capacity of

16 Gbps/32*STM-1
Average
capacity in the
industry

1 Gbps/2*STM-1

Single channel: 1 Gbps/2*STM-1

1024 QAM + 56 MHz channel
Header compression technology

8 Gbps/16*STM-1
Single-polarized antenna: 8 Gbps/16*STM-1

8+0

4+0

4+0

Single channel: 1 Gbps/2*STM-1

16 Gbps
Gbps/32*STM
/32*STM--1
Dual-polarized antenna: 16 Gbps/32*STM-1

4+0

4+0

4+0

4+0

16+0
Single channel: 1 Gbps/2*STM-1

Branching

NMS E2E - One Network, One NMS

Fiber Report

IP/L2 Link Report

Physical NE Report

Clock Report

Unified Management for Microwave, MSTP, WDM, IP (Router) and Access(FTTX):

manage all the network equipment in one unified NMS
E2E service provision, improve efficiency
Easy maintenance, reduce OPEX
U2000 provides relevant report such as MW Link data, Ethernet Port usage and other
information to facilitate operation and maintenance as well as traffic dimensioning

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

MW License Report

MW link Report

3 Longer Distance

High System Gain/IF Combination Technology/High Reliability

RTN Agile IP Long Haul

More Flexible

More Efficient

Longer Distance

Split Structure and High Power RFU Improves

System Gain
3 m antenna All-indoor

Split Installation Reduces Feeder Loss

Split Installation
Feeder loss of
flexible
waveguide
Frequency Band

All-Indoor
Installation
Feeder loss of
elliptical rigid
waveguide

System
Gain in
Split
Installation

5.85-6.425

0.3 dB

2.4 dB

2.1 dB

6.425-7.125

0.4 dB

2.4 dB

2 dB

7.125-8.500

0.4 dB

2.9 dB

2.5 dB

10.7-11.7

0.5 dB

5 dB

4.5 dB

Huawei RTN Agile Long Haul solution uses flexible waveguides to

replace elliptical rigid waveguides, significantly improving the system gain.
The split structure provides a longer transmission distance than the allindoor structure when the antenna diameters are the same.

3 m antenna

70 km to 90 km

3 m antenna

Split

90 km to 120 km

3 m antenna

Same Antenna for Better Performances

Traditional Indoor

Split Mount
7/8GHz

7/8GHz

2 x 3.0 m
Antenna Gain = 45 dB

2 x 3.0 m
Antenna Gain = 45 dB

75 m Elliptical wave
guide loss = 4.5 dB (*)

1.8 m Flexible waveguide loss = 0.5 dB

Gain = 2 x 45 - 4.5 x 2 = 81 dB

Gain = 2 x 45 - 2 x 0.5 = 89 dB

RTN Agile IP LH
Same Antenna
+8 dB Overall Radio Hop SG

(*) 7 GHz Andrews Elliptical Waveguide: 6 dB/100 m

By using the same antenna size with the Split Mount the possible benefits are
Same quality and same capacity: +50% Distance improvement
Same distance and same quality: +25% Capacity improvement
Same distance and same capacity: 10 Folds Quality improvement
7/8 GHz, 256 QAM @ 28 MHz, 30 Km, 180 Mbps, 2 SES/Month

IF Combination Technology Effectively Resists

Multipath Fading

Space diversity (SD) technology is often used to resist selective fading caused by multipath effect on long-distance microwave links or
microwave links across the lake/sea that have severe ground reflection. Huawei RTN Agile Long Haul solution supports receive diversity
and IF combination function.
In flat fading, a 2 dB to 3 dB IF power gain can be obtained using IF combination technology.

Highly Reliable Devices

8 kA Surge Protection

Rainstorm

Rainstorm

3 kA

Low temperature/Ice/Water/Shock Tests

8 kA

Normal operation

Device fault

IP65 dustproof
and waterproof

Common
device

Huawei

MTBF

Device level Protection Mechanism

Device-level
Power board 1+1
Main control
board 1+1

RFU MTBF:100 years

IDU 980L 1+1

MTBF: 186 years

Service board
1+1

IF board 1+1

Contents

Microwave Channels Cover the Sea, Land, and Sky

Development and Challenges of Long Haul Microwave

New-Generation IP Long Haul Solution

Huawei Microwave Leads the Future

Release of industry-leading products

Huawei Microwave Product Development History

Release of innovative microwave products

2012 Q2, all-outdoor microwave products

2012 Q4, second generation E-band
2013 Q2, microwave products, supports L3
2014 Q2, V-band
2014 Q2, Agile IP Long Haul

V-band

2007, the industry's first networklized microwave product

2008 Q4, the industry's first Hybrid IP microwave product
2009 Q1, the industry's first Packet IP microwave product
2010 Q2, unique enhanced Hybrid microwave product
2011 Q2, TDM/Hybrid/Packet integrated microwave product

LH (16 Gbps)

E-Band (2.5 Gbps)

FO (2 Gbps)

Patented technology
Integration

2006.6, self-developed microwave mapping technology

2006.12, proprietary microwave frame protocol patent

Entered the microwave field

Packet microwave

2000, started market research

Hybrid microwave

2001, resale
2002, 60+ project delivery
2003, started R&D on microwave products

Networklized microwave
Patent

Market research

Resale

R&D

Rapid Market Growth, No.1 Market Share in 2013

CAGR: 39.7%
901688

1000000

D
2.9%

Others
8.7%

Huawei
22.4%

AV
8.3%

800000
596265

700000

659073

600000

C
8.4%
N
9.8%

814966

900000

E
22.2%

500000
400000

A
13.2%

300000

236153

200000
100000
0
2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Rapid growth: Huawei has a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 39.7% for five consecutive years and continues to maintain a rapid growth.
Huawei ranked No.1 in the market from 2012 Q4 to 2013 Q3. The market share is 22.4% and the contract amount exceeds US$1.3 billion.

Four Research Centers Develop IndustryIndustry-Leading Microwave

Technologies Based on Huawei's Technical Advantages
Huawei's technical advantages in three fields promote
microwave technology development

1+3 R&D Strategy in Four R&D Centers Worldwide

Xi'an: RF development

Optical network:
TOP 1

MSTP/ MADM ASIC

User-friendly unified NMS

High-end design and

cutting-edge research
50+ experts led by
Renato
VDF innovation center

Milan: hometown
of microwave,
cutting-edge
technologies

Chengdu: product
development

Core chips and products

600+ experts

RF technologies
200+ experts

Shenzhen:
integrated platform
NMS, platform, data
300+ experts

Wireless: TOP 2
RF and MMIC technologies

Shared R&D team

IP: TOP 2

Milan

Chengdu

Xi'an

Shenzhen

1,000+ system R&D staff, 12% of the annual revenue is used for R&D
1+3 synchronous development in Milan (leading force), Chengdu, Xi'an, and
IP technologies and ASIC chip

Unified platform

Shenzhen

Massive Commercial Use Cases, Covering 22 Top 55

Carriers Around the World

45% world Top 50 carriers use

Huawei microwave products

500,000 + successful commercial 100+ countries, Huawei microwave technologies

use cases with stable operations

serve carriers in the world's major countries and regions

Huawei E2E IP Digital Microwave Products

U2000 unified NMS

RTN 300 (zero footprint)

all-outdoor solution
RTN 310
All-outdoor microwave

RTN 380
Second-generation E-band
2.5 Gbps large
bandwidth backhaul

RTN 360
V-band
Designed for small sites

Non-line-of-site (NLOS)
(with obstacles, NLOS
transmission, access
layer microwave)

PTP series
Sub-6G

IP LH backbone microwave

RTN 900 (split structure): TDM/Hybird/Packet/L3 integrated platform

RTN 905 (1E/2E)

RTN 950/950A

1U, integrated box

1 or 2 directions

2U, pluggable
6 directions

RTN 980

5U, pluggable
14 directions

XMC-2

Unified ODU
6-42 GHz

RTN 980L

16+0 6-11 G

Huawei Launched the Industry's First SecondSecond-Generation

E-Band Microwave Solution in 2012

RTN 380
Second-generation E-band developed
Secondfor carrier
carrier--class service transmission
Large bandwidth
High spectral efficiency
Powerful IP capability
High reliability
Easy maintenance
CPRI interface

Huawei Launched the Industry's First Routing Microwave

Product in 2013
Efficient
Transmission

Fast
Deployment

Layer 3 forwarding transfer: X2 traffic is forwarded by microwave

devices instead of routers, saving the uplink bandwidth and reducing

burdens on aggregation nodes. The forwarding efficiency of X2
services is higher and the delay shorter.
Dynamic routing: Services are automatically routed dynamically
based on the IP address without the complex planning of VLANs,

meeting LTE requirements for fast site deployment and frequent

location adjustment. The devices are plug-and-play.
E2E Layer 3: The entire network is IP-based. Service provisioning

Huawei RTN 900

Easy O&M

and fault location are no longer restricted by network segments.

Different devices are on the same network. The O&M on the LTE IP
network is easier and the O&M efficiency is higher.

QoS traffic engineering (TE): The MPLS TE-based QoS reserves

High Quality

bandwidth resources to ensure the lowest bandwidth. Traffic on the

entire network is automatically and evenly distributed, ensuring high

service quality.

Huawei Launched the VV-Band Microwave Solution in 2014

Well-Designed Appearance
The product has a simple appearance and easily melts into the
environment. It is applicable to various scenarios such as streets and

buildings.
Intelligent Antenna
No software configuration, plug-and-play
Intelligent antenna, automatic alignment

LTE-oriented
Advanced design, larger bandwidth, shorter delay, more suitable for LTE-A
Synchronous Ethernet, IEEE 1588v2, E2E QoS