Mark Schemes: Science Tests

Sc
KEY STAGE
2
LEVELS
Science tests
Mark schemes
Tests A and B, levels 35
CM EA EB 2009.qxp:MS_TestA&B_Sc_275366
2009
9/2/09
09:41
Page 1
35
Science tests
Mark scheme
for Paper X
National curriculum assessments
QCA wishes to make its publications widely accessible. Please contact us if you have any
specific accessibility requirements.
9/2/09
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Page 2
First published 2009

Qualifications and Curriculum Authority 2009
ISBN 978-1-84721-684-7
Reproduction, storage, adaptation or translation, in any form or by any means, of this
publication is prohibited without prior written permission of the publisher, unless within
the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Excerpts may be
reproduced for the purpose of research, private study, criticism or review, or by
educational institutions solely for educational purposes, without permission, providing
full acknowledgement is given.
Printed in Great Britain by the Qualifications and Curriculum Authority under the authority
and superintendence of the Controller of Her Majestys Stationery Office and Queens
Printer of Acts of Parliament.
The Qualifications and Curriculum Authority is an exempt charity under Schedule 2 of
the Charities Act 1993.
Qualifications and Curriculum Authority
83 Piccadilly
London W1J 8QA
www.qca.org.uk
Marking the science tests

As in 2008, external markers, employed by the external marking agencies under contract to QCA, will
mark the test papers. The markers will follow the mark schemes in this booklet, which is supplied to
teachers for information.
This booklet contains the mark schemes for the levels 35 tests A and B. Level threshold tables will be
posted on the NAA website (www.naa.org.uk/tests) on 22 June 2009.
General guidance
The structure of the mark schemes
The marking information for each question is set out in the form of tables. The question column on
the left-hand side of each table provides a quick reference to the question number and question part.
The mark column gives the number of marks available for each question part.
The requirements column may include three types of information:
a general statement describing what is required for the award of the mark
examples of specific creditworthy responses showing correct science
examples of creditworthy responses beyond the key stage 2 programme of study.
The allowable answers column gives examples of allowable creditworthy responses, showing correct
science which may not be as clearly expressed.
The additional guidance column may include different types of information:
specific responses which are not creditworthy either because information from the question has
been rephrased, or because the responses imply incorrect scientific knowledge
answers which are insufficient in themselves to gain credit, but are not incorrect
science, and would therefore not lose credit if used with a correct response.
9/2/09
09:41
Page 3
Where two marks are available for a question which requires the relationship between two
continuous variables to be described, the following will apply:
two marks will be awarded for a creditworthy general comparison of the variables in question,
eg the bigger the grains, the longer the sugar takes to dissolve
one mark will be awarded for a pair of creditworthy specific comparisons, eg big grains dissolve
slowly and small grains dissolve fast
one mark will be awarded for a single creditworthy comparison, eg the biggest grains dissolve
most slowly.
Where one mark is available for a question which requires the relationship between two continuous
variables to be described, the following will apply:
one mark will be awarded for a creditworthy general comparison of the variables in question,
eg the bigger the grains, the longer the sugar takes to dissolve
one mark will be awarded for a pair of creditworthy specific comparisons, eg big grains dissolve
slowly and small grains dissolve fast.
Applying the mark schemes
The mark schemes give scientifically correct answers to each question as well as providing guidance
on, and examples of, other answers which are allowable. In cases of alternative wording or where an
answer is drawn rather than written, external markers will exercise their professional judgement.
In order to ensure consistency of marking, the most frequent queries are listed below,
with the action the marker will take.
What if...?
Marking procedure
The pupil gives two or more

responses to a particular
question part.
a) If a pupil qualifies a scientifically correct answer with a scientifically incorrect

statement, no mark will be awarded for that question part.
b) If a pupil qualifies a scientifically correct answer with an incorrect statement
which is not relevant to the context of the question, the latter response is
regarded as neutral and the mark will be awarded.
The pupil has not used ticks

to indicate the correct
response in a multiple-choice
question.
Any unambiguous positive indication of the correct answer will be accepted. Ticks
take precedence over any other form of response. Therefore, when ticks and any
other sort of response are given together, the boxes with ticks will be assumed to be
the pupils response. If the correct boxes are left blank, no marks will be awarded.
The pupil ticks more than the

required number of boxes.
One mark will be deducted for each incorrect answer.

Negative marks will not be awarded.
In a planning question, no
answer is given in the expected
place but the correct answer
is given in the drafting box.
Where a pupil has shown understanding of the question, the mark(s) will be given.
The pupil misspells a word.
a) If it is clear that the pupil has made a simple error, eg tow for two or son for
sun, then the incorrect spelling will be accepted and the mark awarded.
b) If a pupil misspells a word copied from the text of the question or from a
selection given, and the new word does not have any inappropriate meaning,
the incorrect spelling will be accepted and the mark awarded.
c) If specific scientific vocabulary is required in the answer, a creditworthy
misspelling must be a phonetic equivalent of the required word, with the major
syllables of the correct word represented in the answer.
Page 4
09:41
Depending on the type of response made to each part of each question by the
pupil, the external marker will put one of the following into each box:
1 for an acceptable/allowable response
0 for an incorrect response
if no response is made.
In the margin, alongside each question part, there is a mark box for each
question part.
9/2/09
Recording marks awarded
The number of marks gained on each double page will be written in the box at
the bottom of the right-hand page. The total number of marks gained on each
paper will be recorded on the front of the test paper.
Each paper has the following number of marks available:
Test A has 40
Test B has 40.
The 2009 key stage 2 science tests and mark schemes were developed by the
National Foundation for Educational Research (NFER) on behalf of QCA.
9/2/09
09:41
Page 3
[Blank page]
2/2g
1b
2/2c
1a ii
1m
1m
1m
1a i
2/2c
Mark
Question
9/2/09
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Page 4
smoking cigarettes
Award ONE mark for:
Give credit for a correct response that

goes beyond the key stage 2 programme
of study, indicating other materials the
heart pumps around the body:
the heart pumps oxygen/carbon dioxide
(around the body)
it pumps hormones
the heart pumps antibodies
it pumps sugar/nutrients.
ONE mark may be awarded for:

it makes blood move
it pushes/sends/circulates blood.
Allowable answers
Test A question 1: Human body
Award ONE mark for an indication that

the function of the heart is to pump blood
(around the body):
the heart /it pumps blood (around the
body).
Award ONE mark for:
Requirements
Do not give credit for an insufficient response:

pumps
it runs/takes blood around the body.
Additional guidance
3/1a
1d ii
2/2e
1d i
1m
1m
1m
1c
2/2a
Mark
Question
9/2/09
09:41
Do not give credit for an insufficient response

that does not show awareness of the cause of
decay:
it makes teeth whiter/brighter
it makes teeth healthy
it fights/stops bacteria
use toothpaste.

describing the cause of tooth decay:
(if you do not brush) sugar will rot your
teeth.
Do not give credit for a response that includes

incorrect science:
it brushes the decay off.
Additional guidance
When applying this mark scheme, please also refer to the General guidance given on pages 1 and 2.
Award ONE mark for:

The bones in the skeleton are rigid so
that they can support the body.
Award ONE mark for:

The skeleton is moved by the muscles
when the body moves.

it makes the teeth clean
the fluoride in the toothpaste prevents
tooth decay.
Allowable answers
Test A question 1: Human body (continued)
Page 5
Award ONE mark for an understanding

that brushing removes plaque/food/
bacteria /acid/sugar from teeth:
it does not let sugar build up
it helps get rid of micro-organisms/
plaque/acid.
Requirements
1/2i,j
2b
1m
1m
2a
1/2d
Mark
Question
9/2/09
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Page 6
toy truck
the surface the
truck is on
Award ONE mark for a general comparison

describing the relationship between the
number of turns of the key and the
distance the truck travels:
the more the key is turned, the further
the truck will travel
the less the key is turned, the less
distance the truck goes.

or two specific comparisons using the
term longer to indicate the truck travels
further:
the more turns, the longer it will go.
ONE mark may be awarded for two specific

comparisons describing the relationship:
when the key is turned a lot of times
the truck goes a long way, but if it is
turned once it does not move at all
when the key was turned three times
the truck went 150 cm, but it did not
move with one turn.
Allowable answers
Test A question 2: Toy truck
Award ONE mark for both correct boxes

ticked:
Requirements

that changes a variable:
the truck travels for a longer amount of time
the more the key is turned
the more the key is turned, the faster the
truck goes.

using the term longer to describe the number
of turns of the key:
the truck goes further when you wind the
key up for longer.

giving a single comparison of the variables:
the truck travels a long way when the key is
turned a lot
the largest number of turns makes it go far.
Additional guidance
4/2c
1/2l
2d
1m
1m
2c
1/2k,j
Mark
Question
9/2/09
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Page 7
no

the friction on the carpet and wood is
different.
ONE mark may be awarded for a response

indicating the presence of greater friction:
the carpet has more friction.
ONE mark may be awarded if neither box

is ticked, but the creditworthy explanation
indicates unambiguously that the pupil
believes the measurements do not support
the prediction.

that omits reference to the force or friction:
the wood/carpet is smoother/rougher
the carpet is soft.

incorrect science:
there is more friction on the wood
the carpet is smoother than wood.

that explains why the truck travels further on
wood than on carpet:
wood is smooth so there is less friction.
Do not give credit if the yes box is ticked.
Additional guidance
Award ONE mark for explaining that there

is more friction with the carpet ( because
it is rougher) or that there is less friction
with wood (because it is smoother):
the wood is smoother than the carpet
so there is less friction
the carpet is soft so there is more
friction
there is less friction with /on the
(smooth) wood
the friction is greater with /on the
carpet.
no
AND
a response which does not explicitly state
that the truck travelled further on wood:
(if the key is given two turns) the truck
travels 66 cm on carpet and 242 cm on
wood.
Award ONE mark for:
Allowable answers
Test A question 2: Toy truck (continued)
AND
a response indicating that the toy travels
further on the wooden floor than on the
carpet (for the same number of turns of
the key):
with three turns the truck went 363 cm
on wood but only 150 cm on carpet
(if the key is turned the same number
of times) the truck travels further on
the wood than the carpet
on one turn the truck went 110 cm
but it did not move at all on carpet.
Award ONE mark for:
Requirements
1/2h
2/4b
3b
(continued
on
following
page)
or
2m
1m
3a
2/4b
Mark
Question
9/2/09
09:41
Page 8
key.
Plants with
yellow flowers
and
smooth /curved
leaves
Plants with
yellow flowers
and
heart-shaped /
round petals
Plants with
yellow flowers
and
four petals
C
Plants with
yellow flowers
and
jagged/spiky
leaves
Plants with
yellow flowers
and
sharp/pointy
petals
Plants with
yellow flowers
and
five petals
smooth leaves
Plants with
yellow flowers
and
fine leaves
ridged leaves
Plants with
yellow flowers
and
rough/prickly/
pointy/sharp
leaves
TWO marks may be awarded for a response

where the description of one group is
slightly ambiguous, but when taken in
conjuction with a description of the other
group, and the correct sorting, the
meaning becomes apparent:
Allowable answers
Test A question 3: In the garden
Award TWO marks for a response which

identifies a feature that could be used to
sort the plants AND for sorting the plants
consistently:
Award ONE mark for:
Requirements
Plants with yellow

flowers and............
...............................
Plants with yellow

flowers and............
...............................

using inappropriate vocabulary to describe the
groups:
rigid
soft.

which groups the plants by a relative term, such
as size:
big/little leaves
short /long stem
has long leaves.

where the plants have been sorted into two
groups (even if correct) but no appropriate
classification rule has been given:
Additional guidance
1m
1m
3b
(cont.)
3c
2/4c
Mark
Question
9/2/09
09:41
Plants with
yellow flowers
and
four petals
C
Plants with
yellow flowers
and
five petals
Plants with
yellow flowers
and
four petals
because there are many types of plant
Plants with
yellow flowers
and
(no response)/
jagged leaf
Additional guidance
Award ONE mark for:
Award ONE mark for a response giving a

correct classification rule for one group
and sorting the two plants for this group
appropriately. The classification rule and
sorting of the other group may be
inappropriate, inconsistent or not given:
Allowable answers
Test A question 3: In the garden (continued)
Page 9
If you are unable to award two marks,

award ONE mark for a response giving a
correct classification rule for grouping the
plants. The flowers may not have been
grouped consistently to the rule given, or
may not have been grouped at all:
Requirements
9/2/09
09:41
Page 10
10
[Blank page]
1/2c,d
4c
1/2a,d
4b
3/1b
1/2c
1m
1m
heat
cold
well.
passing from the
insulate
conduct

how much ice is left.

describing a property of a bag which may
affect how it insulates:
the thickness/size of the material/bag.

that does not specify which property of the
melted ice will be measured:
ice melted
the ice.

which gives a DV that is observed, not measured:
has the ice melted?

incorrect science giving a dependent variable or
a control variable.
Additional guidance
11
Stopwatch
how long it takes for all the ice to melt.
Award ONE mark for an acceptable

dependent variable (DV) identified, which
could be measured:
Measuring cylinder
the volume of liquid (melted)
the amount of melted ice
how much the ice has melted.
Award ONE mark for giving the type of

bag as the independent variable (IV):
(the type of) bag
(the type of) material (the bag is made
of).
air to the ice.
It will stop
The best bag will
Award ONE mark for both correct words

circled:
Allowable answers
1m
Requirements
4a
Test A question 4: Ice melting
Mark
Page 11
Question
09:41
Markers should read the answers to all parts before marking this question.
The draft box can be consulted when marking parts 4b4e for clarification of any ambiguity in the marked response,
or when no answer is given. If an answer is correct, ignore contradictory statements written in the draft box.
Parts 4b4e must form a coherent investigation.
9/2/09
Draft box

implying the outside temperature must be
kept constant:
(the same) place
do all the bags at the same time.

temperature/heat.

naming specific measuring equipment on which
the calibration varies very little:
(measuring) cylinder
stopwatch.

that is a repetition or restatement of the first:
the same (outside) temperature
the place/time of day.

indicating the amount of ice, without specifying
at the start [the quantity of ice is the DV]:
the (same) amount of ice (cubes)
the size of the ice cubes
(the same) ice.

identifying a CV which could also be an IV or
DV and where there is no correct IV or DV for
clarification.
If neither an IV or DV is offered, a CV may gain

credit, provided it is consistent with the context
of the investigation presented in the introduction
and it is not a possible IV or DV.
Appropriate CVs can gain credit where both
the IV and DV are insufficient or incorrect.
Do not give credit for a CV that is inconsistent

with, or repeats, a creditworthy IV or DV offered
in parts 4b or 4c respectively.
Additional guidance
12

award ONE mark for any one correct
control variable.
or
1m
1/2d
Award TWO marks for two acceptable

control variables (CV) that are not already
used as an IV or DV in the investigation:
the amount of ice at the start
the size of the bag
the same starting (room) temperature
(same) (size of) tub
the time [if time is not given as the DV].
2m
Allowable answers
Test A question 4: Ice melting (continued)
Page 12
4d
Requirements
09:41
Mark
9/2/09
Question
1m
4e
1/2g
Mark
Question
9/2/09
09:41
13

indicating that there may have been an
error in the results /method:
the first time it might go wrong
to make sure there were no mistakes.

indicating the calculation of an average:
then I can find the average.

indicating the measurements can be
compared:
to check /see if the results /answers are
correct /right
to see if there is a difference in the
results
to get more evidence
so you can compare results
it will improve the accuracy (of the
results/test).
Allowable answers
Test A question 4: Ice melting (continued)
Page 13
Award ONE mark for a response indicating

that repeating the test will allow the
reliability to be improved:
I can check my results
the results /test will be more reliable
to make sure of the results.
Requirements
Do not give credit for an indication that there

may be a change in temperature:
the temperature might change.

that could imply that all the results need to be
the same:
you might get a different answer/result
the result might change each time.

to make the test fair
to improve the accuracy of the measurements
to check it (again) [could refer to method].

implying there is a correct answer/result:
to get the right answer
to make sure the result/answer is correct.
Additional guidance
4/3b
5b
1m
1m
or
2m
5a
4/3c
Mark
Question
9/2/09
09:41
Page 14
glass jar
Award ONE mark for:

award ONE mark for any one correct box
ticked.
14
Allowable answers
Test A question 5: Torch light
Award TWO marks for both correct

boxes ticked:
Requirements
Additional guidance
4/3c,d,a
5c ii
1m
1m
5c i
4/3d,c,a
Mark
Question
9/2/09
09:42
Page 15
[1 mark]
[2 marks]
[1 mark]
[2 marks]
ONE mark may be awarded for one

correct arrowhead together with ONE
mark for a continuous line:
15
Award ONE mark for two arrowheads

showing the direction of light travel from
the torch to the mirror and from the mirror
to Sannas eyes (between tip of nose and
hairline on forehead):
[1 mark]

where the direction of travel is shown only by
one non-reflected arrow:
Additional guidance
ONE mark may be awarded for one

continuous line even where the
arrowhead is incorrect:
Allowable answers
Test A question 5: Torch light (continued)
Award ONE mark for two lines (with or

without the correct arrowheads) showing
the correct path of light. The lines must
go from the torch to the mirror and from
the mirror to Sannas eyes (between tip of
nose and hairline on forehead):
Requirements
3/1c
6c
4/1b
6b
09:42
Page 16

it blocks the electricity
it has stopped the electricity.

it will dim /fade.

the sticky tape is not made of metal
it cannot pass through the tape [it is
ambiguous]
the sticky tape covers the metal bits [does
not indicate the effect on electricity].

it will change the brightness [does not indicate
whether the brightness increases or decreases]
the bulb/it is not so powerful
the bulb will not light [given that it is lit].
Additional guidance
16
Award ONE mark for an explanation that

shows that sticky tape does not conduct
electricity:
the electricity cannot pass through the
sticky tape
it is an (electrical) insulator
the metal clips conduct electricity but
sticky tape does not
the current cannot flow
the circuit is (now) incomplete/broken.
1m
Allowable answers
Test A question 6: Quiz board

the bulb will shine less brightly:
the bulb will be (a bit) dimmer
it is not as bright.
Award ONE mark for:
Requirements
9/2/09
1m
1m
6a
4/1a
Mark
Question
2/3d
7e
1/2h
7d
2/3a,d
1/2j
7c
2/3d
7b
1/2c
2/3a,d
1m
1m
1m
1m
Length of root: 0 cm
Length of shoot: 0 cm
root
.......
shoot
.........
seed
.......
pollination

that uses the label stem or stalk in
place of shoot.
Do not give credit for the insufficient response:

(day) 5.
Additional guidance
17
Award ONE mark for:
(length of the) shoot
(length of the) root
Award ONE mark for both parts of the

key completed correctly:
Award ONE mark for:

(day) 6.

in which stem or stalk is used in place
of shoot, and bean is used in place of
seed.
Allowable answers
Test A question 7: Growing beans
Award ONE mark for correctly labelling

all three plant parts:
Award ONE mark for:
1m
7a
Page 17
Requirements
09:42
Mark
9/2/09
Question
3/1e,a
8e
4/2b
8d
4/2e
1/2c
8c
4/2e
8b
1m
1m
1m
1m
1m
8a
1/2c
BoS 2a
Mark
Question
9/2/09
09:42
Page 18
an observation
All solids keep their
shape.

the pull of the Earth
gravity.

spring balance.

which does not recognise the force is due to
the Earth:
a pulling force toward the Earth
downwards pull.

force measurer
newton.
Additional guidance
18
Award ONE mark for:
Award ONE mark for:

gravitational attraction
weight.
Award ONE mark for:

force meter
newton meter.
ONE mark may be awarded for an arrow

pointing to the left within 45 of the
horizontal.
Allowable answers
Test A question 8: Block tower game
Award ONE mark for an arrow pointing

to the left anywhere on the diagram:
Award ONE mark for:
Requirements
1m
or
2m
3/1d
2/4a
Mark
Question
9/2/09
09:42
Page 19
granite
A
graphite
D
Additional guidance
19

award ONE mark for any three or four
rocks correctly identified.
Allowable answers
Test A question 9: Identifying rocks
Award TWO marks for correctly

identifying all five rocks:
chalk
marble
obsidian
Requirements
3/2b
3/1a
1c
3/1b
1b
1m
1m
1m
1a
3/1a
Mark
Question
Test B question 1: Making soup
It insulates his hand from the heat.
Award ONE mark for describing/naming a

property of metal that makes it suitable as
a material for a saucepan:
metals do not melt as easily (as plastic)
metals can become hotter (than
plastics) before they melt.
Award ONE mark for:
20
ONE mark may be awarded for an

absolute response indicating that plastic
melts /burns or metal does not
melt /burn:
plastic melts (but metal does not)
plastic would catch fire
metal does not catch fire/burn.

that describes how plastic may be less
suitable than metal for a saucepan:
plastic is more likely to melt
plastic gives off fumes when burned/
heated.

it does not melt /crack when hot.
Page 20
Award ONE mark for describing /naming

transparency or impermeability or rigidity
as a property of glass which makes it
suitable as a material for a measuring jug:
it is transparent /clear (to see the level
of liquids)
you can see how much water it
contains
it is waterproof
it does not let water through
it holds the water
it is rigid and will not bend.
09:42
Allowable answers
9/2/09
Requirements

expanding on given information:
metal heats up more quickly and so you can
cook food more quickly.

referring to the conduction of plastic:
because plastic does not conduct heat.

metal gets hot easily [conduction is given]
metal is stronger
plastic is not as strong as metal.

it is strong
you can see the numbers/measurements
clearly.
Additional guidance
1m
1d
3/1a
Mark
Question
9/2/09
09:42

expanding on given information:
if there is hot water in the bowl, the bowl
does not get hot so if you pick it up it will
not burn your hands.

that makes reference only to the unsuitability
of a different material:
glass breaks too easily.

it does not get hot/conduct
it is cheap
[given]
it is hard.
Additional guidance
21

it is unbreakable
it is easily washed.
Allowable answers
Test B question 1: Making soup (continued)
Page 21
Award ONE mark for describing /naming a

property of plastic which makes it suitable
as a material for a washing-up bowl:
it is light
it is waterproof/not absorbent
it is strong
it will not rust like some metals
it does not scratch things
it is flexible, (so it is less likely to cause
a glass to break if you drop it)
it does not decay
it is insoluble
it can be moulded into shape.
Requirements
1/2d
2c
1/2h
2b
1m
1m
1m
2a
1/2c
Mark
Question
Test B question 2: Heart rate
results
Award ONE mark for:

heart rate.
Award ONE mark for:
22
ONE mark may be awarded for heart rate/

beat with an indication of when the
measurement is taken:
the childrens heart rate after they have
chewed gum
their pulse rates at rest and when they
chew gum.

pulse (rate)
heart beat
beats per minute.

so they all started their investigation at
their resting rate
so they could compare
to find out how the heart beats
normally
to find their usual heart rate.
Page 22
Award ONE mark for indicating

measurement of the starting heart rate:
to find the starting measurement
so that they would know if there was
a change when they chewed gum.
09:42
Allowable answers
9/2/09
Requirements

where the dependent variable is not clear:
if chewing gum makes your heart beat
faster.

to make it a fair test
to find the heart rate when they were
resting [given]
to see how long it can go.
Additional guidance
1/1a
2e
1m
1m
2d
1/1b
Mark
Question
9/2/09
09:42
Page 23

pretend to chew.

suggesting that the investigation should be
repeated:
do it again.

that does not specify under what conditions
the heart rate increases:
the heart rate goes from 84 to 96
the rates go up
[could be comparing the different children
at rest].

that repeats the conclusion and does not refer
to results from the table:
when they chew gum their heart rate goes
up.

incorrect science where one or both variables
are changed:
the faster they chew the gum, the more the
heartbeat increases
the more children chew on gum, the more
beats per minute.
Additional guidance
23
Award ONE mark for:

chew something else
chew with no gum in mouth
leave gum in the mouth but do not
chew.
ONE mark may be awarded for two

results repeated from the table that
support Alices conclusion without
comparative discussion:
a normal heart rate is 84 and when
chewing it is 94 beats per minute.
Allowable answers
Test B question 2: Heart rate (continued)
Award ONE mark for indicating data in

the table which supports Alices conclusion
OR actual data of one or more children
discussed comparatively:
the measurements at rest are all lower
than the measurements after chewing
gum
they are all at least two higher after
chewing
all the measurements increased when
they chewed gum
Roberts heart rate was 84 at rest but
it went up to 94 beats per minute
after he chewed gum
the number of beats increased when
they chewed gum
after chewing for one minute the
heart rates went up.
Requirements
9/2/09
09:42
Page 24
24
[Blank page]
1/2l
3c ii
1/2j
3c i
3/2a,f
3b
1m
1m
1m
1m
3a
3/1a
Mark
Question
9/2/09
09:42
Page 25
flexible
stretchy

implying the bars for one liquid are the
same:
the line was at the same height
both lines are the same.

bubbles/froth
the bicarbonate of soda has changed
into a gas
a new material.

they were all the same size [suggests all
the bars on the graph are the same]
they are the smallest bars.

describing the relationship between the size of
the bars and the distance around the balloon
[this implies liquids with the smallest bars caused
the balloon to blow up to some degree]:
the smaller the bars, the less the balloon
blew up.

fizzy/fizziness
force
a chemical reaction.

incorrect science:
air
oxygen.
Additional guidance
25
Award ONE mark for a response

indicating that the height of the bars did
not change:
the height of the bars/they stayed the
same
there was no change.
Award ONE mark for identifying any two

from water, milk and cooking oil (in any
order).

goes beyond the key stage 2
programme of study:
carbon dioxide.
Award ONE mark for a response

indicating that a gas is produced.
Allowable answers
Test B question 3: Mixing and observing
Award ONE mark for both correct boxes

ticked:
Requirements
1/2j,i
4c
1/2i
4b
1m
1m
1m
4a
4/2b
Mark
Question
9/2/09
09:42
Page 26
pulls downwards.

describing the relationship between the
two variables of area of paper and time
taken to land:
the smaller the area the less time it
takes
as the size increases, the time taken
increases.
26
ONE mark may be awarded for two

specific comparisons describing the
relationship:
the largest area takes longer to fall and
the smallest area takes less time
small folded paper falls fast and large
unfolded paper falls slowly.
ONE mark may be awarded for a reference

to the size of paper or number of folds in
place of area:
the smaller the paper, the less time it
takes to land
the more they fold it, the quicker it falls.
ONE mark may be awarded for a reference

to the rate of falling in place of time
taken:
the smaller the area the faster it falls.
Allowable answers
Test B question 4: Falling paper
Award ONE mark for an unambiguous

indication of:
three times
the third time
3.
The force of gravity...
Award ONE mark for:
Requirements
Do not give credit for a response that changes

a variable:
the heavier the paper, the quicker it falls
the flatter it is, the faster it lands
the smaller the volume, the quicker it falls.

giving a single comparison of the variables:
the paper with the smallest area falls fastest
when it is folded the most times it takes the
least time to fall.

the last one
1 second.
Additional guidance
1m
4d
1/2l
4/2c
Mark
Question
9/2/09
09:42
Additional guidance
27
Allowable answers
Test B question 4: Falling paper (continued)
Page 27
Award ONE mark for an unambiguous

indication of:
Luke.
Requirements
4/4b
5b
1m
1m
5a
4/3b
Mark
Question
9/2/09
09:42
Page 28
28
ONE mark may be awarded for a straight

line shadow that falls within the shaded
area under the pole as indicated below:
Award ONE mark for a vertical shadow

starting at the base of the pole that is
four grid squares long or shorter:

the light is blocked.
Allowable answers
Test B question 5: Shadows and space
Award ONE mark for an indication that a

shadow is formed because the pole is
opaque /blocks the light:
because it is opaque
the (sun)light cannot pass through the
pole
the pole stops /blocks the light.
Requirements
Do not give credit for a straight line shadow

that falls entirely between the grid lines
indicated, but extends beyond four grid squares:

saying the pole blocks the Sun without an
indication of light:
the pole blocks the Sun/Suns rays/sunshine
it blocks the Suns path.

that does not fully explain shadow formation:
light goes round the pole
light travels in straight lines
light cannot get past the pole [it passes on
either side]
the pole is solid [a solid object can be
transparent]
the pole is in the way of the light
light cannot get to the playground behind
the pole [does not explain why].
Additional guidance
4/4d
1/2l
5e
1/2l
4/4d
5d
1m
1m
1m
5c
4/4b
Mark
Question
9/2/09
09:42
the Earth spinning
the Moon orbiting
the Earth

describing the Earth /tennis ball spinning
as it orbits the Sun /football:
the tennis ball must go around the
football, spinning as it goes.

the Earth goes around the Sun
the football is still while the Earth goes
around.

they must run around each other
move them slowly.
Additional guidance
29

the tennis ball should be moved around
the football:
the football is still while the tennis ball
goes around it
the tennis ball orbits the football.
Award ONE mark for:
Allowable answers
Test B question 5: Shadows and space (continued)
Page 29
Award ONE mark for:
Requirements
3/2b
6b
1m
1m
6a
3/2b
Mark
Question
9/2/09
09:42
Page 30
30

air bubbles.
Allowable answers
Test B question 6: Cakes

of study:
carbon dioxide/CO2 [the spaces
contained carbon dioxide before the
cake was cut; cutting the cake allowed
other gases to mix with it].
Award ONE mark for:

air
gas.
Award ONE mark for both correct

ingredients identified:
chocolate and butter
[given in either order].
Requirements

raisins
chocolate
particles
oxygen.

incorrect science:
nothing.

identifying only one correct ingredient:
chocolate and eggs.
Additional guidance
1/2j
6c ii
1m
1m
6c i
1/2h
Mark
Question
9/2/09
09:42
Additional guidance
31
Award ONE mark for:

235 g ( + 2 g).

where the graph line is extended to 210 g
on day 5 even in the absence of an X.
Allowable answers
Test B question 6: Cakes (continued)

in which the centre of the cross falls within
2 mm of the day 5/210 g intersection as
indicated by the shaded circle below:
Page 31
Award ONE mark for a cross marked on

the graph at 210 g on day 5 [the graph
line does not need to be extended]:
Requirements
9/2/09
09:42
Page 32
32
[Blank page]
2/3d
7d
2/3b
7c
2/3a
7b
1m
1m
1m
1m
7a
2/3d
Mark
Question
Test B question 7: Plant
ONE mark may be awarded for naming

any green part of a plant:
stem/stalk.

for pollination
for the insects.

incorrect science:
roots.
33

the petals are used to attract insects:
so bees go to the flower.
Award ONE mark for indicating that the

plant makes new materials for growth in
its leaves:
leaf/leaves.

warmth/heat [given]
photosynthesis
sunshine
sunrays.

of study:
energy.

incorrect science suggesting the Sun gives the
plant nutrients.

they cover the bud [given].
Additional guidance

that the plant needs light from the Sun:
(sun)light.

indicating the sepals protect the plant or
named flower parts:
they protect the plant
to protect the ovary/stamens.
Page 33

that the sepals protect the flower:
the sepals protect the flower (inside the
bud)
they stop the bud getting damaged
for protection.
09:42
Allowable answers
9/2/09
Requirements
3/1e
3/2d,b
8c
1/2c
8b
1m
1m
1m
8a
1/2l
3/2b
Mark
Question
Test B question 8: Ice cubes
False
..........
True
..........
False
..........
Water freezes at 100C.
Freezing water is a reversible

change.
Freezing is a change from solid

to liquid.
Award ONE mark for all three statements

correctly classified:
Award ONE mark for:

thermometer
temperature sensor.
34

heat sensor.

that implies a change of temperature:
it will get cold
the temperature will go to (below) 0C.

stating that the temperature of the
freezer is colder but not referring to the
temperature of the water:
it is colder in the freezer.
Page 34
Award ONE mark for a response that

indicates the temperature gets colder:
the water/it gets colder
the temperature goes down.
09:42
Allowable answers
9/2/09
Requirements

sensor.

stating that the temperature changes:
the temperature is not the same.

stating that the water freezes:
it freezes
it turns to ice.

that is an absolute statement that the water/
temperature is cold:
the temperature is cold.

incorrect science suggesting that the water gets
warmer:
it gets warmer in the freezer.
Additional guidance
1m
8d
3/2d
Mark
Question
9/2/09
09:42
Page 35
Allowable answers
Test B question 8: Ice cubes (continued)

incorrect science:
dissolve.
Additional guidance
35
Award ONE mark for:

melting
melt.
Requirements
1/2i
9c
BoS 2a
9b
1m
1m
1m
or
2m
9a
1/2c,g
Mark
Question
9/2/09
09:42
Page 36
No
..........
Yes
..........
Pull the forcemeter very quickly.
Take the measurement three times.
Award ONE mark for:

5.0 cm.
Award ONE mark for:

newton(s).

award ONE mark for any two or three
statements correctly classified.
No
Use a different horseshoe magnet each time. ..........
Yes
..........
Take a practice measurement to find out

roughly when the magnets separate.
36

5 cm
Allowable answers
Test B question 9: Magnets
Award TWO marks for all four statements

correctly classified:
Requirements

indicating the magnet or the force to pull the
magnets apart:
1.8
B.
Do not give credit for an incorrect response:

50 cm.

newton meter.

incorrect science:
neutrons.
Additional guidance
1/2a,c
9e
1m
1m
9d
1/2k
Mark
Question
9/2/09
09:42
Page 37

where only one result is repeated from the
table but no comparison is made with other
magnets:
magnet C took 7.0 N.
Additional guidance
37
How many layers of paper will stop

True
each magnet attracting a pin?
.............
How many types of materials will
False
the magnets attract?
.............
How many paperclips will each
True
magnet hold?
.............
Award ONE mark for all three questions

correctly identified:

repeating two results from the table that
show Callums prediction is not true but
no explicit comparison is made:
magnet C was 7 cm and it took 7 N and
magnet D was 7.5 cm and it took 3 N.
ONE mark may be awarded for identifying

data in the table which can be used to
argue against Callums prediction if a clear
comparison with other magnets is implied:
magnet C needed the most force to
pull it apart
the 7.5 cm magnet needed less force
than some of the other magnets.
Allowable answers
Test B question 9: Magnets (continued)
Award ONE mark for identifying that some

of the longer magnets required less force
to separate them from the bar magnet
than some of the shorter ones:
the longest magnet was not the
strongest one
the weakest magnet was not the
shortest
the longest magnet only needed 3.0 N
to pull it off the other magnet.
Requirements
9/2/09
09:42
Page 38
29 Bolton Street
London W1J 8BT
Telephone: 08700 60 60 40
Minicom: 020 7509 6546
Fax: 020 7509 5908
Email: [email protected]
Website: www.naa.org.uk/tests
For more copies

QCA Orderline, PO Box 29, Norwich NR3 1GN
Tel: 08700 60 60 15 Fax: 08700 60 60 17
Email: [email protected]
QCA/09/3768
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National curriculum assessments

First published 2009

Marking the science tests

The pupil gives two or more

a) If a pupil qualifies a scientifically correct answer with a scientifically incorrect

The pupil has not used ticks

The pupil ticks more than the

One mark will be deducted for each incorrect answer.

The pupil misspells a word.

Recording marks awarded

Test B has 40.

Award ONE mark for:

Give credit for a correct response that

ONE mark may be awarded for:

Test A question 1: Human body

Award ONE mark for an indication that

Award ONE mark for:

Do not give credit for an insufficient response:

Do not give credit for an insufficient response

Do not give credit for an insufficient response

Do not give credit for a response that includes

Award ONE mark for:

Award ONE mark for:

ONE mark may be awarded for:

Test A question 1: Human body (continued)

Award ONE mark for an understanding

Award ONE mark for a general comparison

Award ONE mark for a general comparison

ONE mark may be awarded for two specific

Test A question 2: Toy truck

Award ONE mark for both correct boxes

Do not give credit for an insufficient response

Do not give credit for an insufficient response

Do not give credit for an insufficient response

ONE mark may be awarded for:

ONE mark may be awarded for a response

ONE mark may be awarded if neither box

Do not give credit for an insufficient response

Do not give credit for a response that includes

Do not give credit for an insufficient response

Do not give credit if the yes box is ticked.

Award ONE mark for explaining that there

Award ONE mark for:

Test A question 2: Toy truck (continued)

Award ONE mark for:

TWO marks may be awarded for a response

Test A question 3: In the garden

Award TWO marks for a response which

Award ONE mark for:

Plants with yellow

Plants with yellow

Do not give credit for an insufficient response

Do not give credit for an insufficient response

Do not give credit for an insufficient response

because there are many types of plant

Award ONE mark for:

Award ONE mark for a response giving a

Test A question 3: In the garden (continued)