Lee Don. PH Has Become Call Center Capital of The World
Lee Don. PH Has Become Call Center Capital of The World
Lee Don. PH Has Become Call Center Capital of The World
REPORTINGFROMMANILA
versinceJoahnnaHorcalostherfather,adoctor,inaSouthChinaSeatyphoon,her
largefamilyhasstruggledtomakeendsmeet.
SoafterHorcaearnedacollegedegreeinsocialwork,anoldersisternudgedhertohelpsupport
thefamilybytakingabetterpayingjobatacallcenter.
Thatwaseightyearsago,whentheoutsourcingindustrywasjusttakingoffinthePhilippines.
Today,it'sthejobofchoiceformanyyoungpeoplehere.Morethan1millionFilipinosnowworkat
callcentersandinrelatedoutsourcingbusinesses,mostlyservingAmericancompanies.
ThecombinationofcheaplaborandspecializedskillshasmadetheFilipinoworkforceinvaluable
toagrowinglistofU.S.companies,whichusethemtofieldcustomercomplaints,generatesales
leads,codedata,formatdocumentsandreadmedicalscansandlegalbriefs.
Horca,30,eventuallygothersocialworkerlicense,butshecouldnevertearherselfawayfromthe
callcenterjobforaU.S.bankingcompany.It'sdrainingwork.Shehandlesasmanyas100callsa
dayfromangryAmericans,oftenworkingthegraveyardshift.
Butshemakesabout$700amonth,morethanmanygeneralphysiciansearninthePhilippines,
letalonesocialworkers.
TheindustryinthePhilippineshasgrownsofastthatithasovertakenIndiaasthecallcenter
capitaloftheworld.Indiastillrulestheinformationtechnologyoutsourcingrealm,butanarmyof
FilipinocollegegraduateslikeHorcanowdominatesmosteveryotherkindoftaskknownas
businessprocessoutsourcing,orBPO.
Bynextyear,expertsestimatethatthecountry'sBPOindustrywillgenerate$25billioninrevenue,
accountingforabout10%ofthePhilippines'economyandasmuchasthetotalamountexpectedto
besenthomebythe11millionFilipinonurses,sailors,musiciansandothersworkingoverseas.
TheEnglishspokenbyFilipinosisclosertoAmericans'thaninIndia."Ourcultureisverysimilar,"
saidFredChua,alifelongManilaresidentwhorunsacallcenter.AcousininSanFranciscodrums
upbusinessforthecompany,MagellanSolutions."Wedon'tyellonthephoneoften.We'revery
customercentric,"Chuasaid.
ThathelpsexplainwhythecountryhasbecomeAmerica'stopoverseassiteforvoicerelatedwork
inbusinessoutsourcing.
CorporationssuchasCitibank,Safeway,ChevronandAetnaallhaveBPOoperationshere,asdo
smallercompaniesrangingfromaGeorgiamedicalcollectionagencytoaNewYorkspaoperator
thatoutsourcesitscustomerappointments.
Theoutsourcingboomhashelpedpropelthecountry'seconomy,oncealaggardofAsia,intoone
oftheregion'sfastestgrowing.TheindustryhasspawnedbustlingbusinessdistrictsinManila,
withskyscrapers,24hourbuffetsandcondosthatsellfor$500,000.
Formostofthelastfourdecades,whileEastAsiantigereconomieswereroaringahead,the
Philippineswallowedamidrampantcorruption,lousyroadsandsluggishinvestments.
Butafter25yearsofslowandpainfulreforms,thecountryisontracktoachieveannualgrowth
ratesof7%to10%overthenext10years,accordingtoBernardoVilegas,aHarvardtrained
Filipinoeconomist.Theeconomyexpanded7.2%in2013andslowedtoalittlemorethan6%last
year,comparedwithChina's7.4%lastyear.
OneofthePhilippines'biggestadvantagesisitslargeandgrowingyoungpopulation:About90%
ofits100millionpeopleareunder55,comparedwith61%forJapanand73%fortheU.S.Most
FilipinosalsospeakEnglish,whichisoneoftwoofficiallanguagesalongwithTagalog.
ForyearsforeignremittancesbyFilipinosworkingabroadwereapillarofthecountry'seconomy,
alongwithagricultureandmining.Nowtheresurgingeconomyisdrawingsomeofthoseworkers
backhome.
ButchValenzuela,55,leftManilaintheearly1980stoescaperiotingasmassesprotestedthe
strongarmruleofFerdinandMarcos.ValenzuelawenttoCalifornia,attendedUCLA,rosethrough
theranksatamanufacturingcompanyandbuiltacomfortablelifeinOrangeCounty.
Butafewmonthsago,Valenzuela'swifesoldtheirhouseinIrvineandmovedbacktoManila,
joiningherhusbandwhohadreturnedtothePhilippinesseveralyearsearliertosetupacall
center.
ValenzuelalaunchedVisayaKnowledgeProcesswith14workers.Hehasyettomakeaprofit,butit
hasgrowntoabout200"seats,"whichisthewaytheindustrymeasuresthesizeofanoperation.
Visayaisoneofabout1,000BPOoperationsinthePhilippines.AfewgiantsledbyConvergysand
Accenture,whichhavetensofthousandsseatseach,dominatethebusiness.Butthepiekeeps
gettingbiggerasAmericancompaniesseekcheaperlabor.CallcenterworkersintheU.S.make
aboutfourtimestheirManilacounterparts.
Onarecentweeknight,itwashardtotellnightfromdayatVisaya'scallcenteronthe14thfloorof
anondescriptbuildinginMakati,anaffluentdistrictinManila.Thecurtainsweredrawn,andthe
clocksontheofficewallweredisplayingdifferenttimesinfourU.S.zones.
Atmidnightlocaltime,thecallcentercametolifeasdozensofworkers,sittingcubiclebycubicle,
beganmakingcallstogeneratecustomerleadsforagroupofCalifornia'sforprofitschools.
OtherworkersdialedAmericanhospitalstoverifyclaimsforinsurers.Allinall,itwasaneasyshift
forthestaffcomparedtowhentheyareassignedtodealwithunhappyHomeShoppingNetwork
customers.
Nomatterhowdifficultthecaller,Valenzuelasaid,"ouragentscan'thangup.Theyhavetofigure
outawayofcalmlyendingacall."
Industryturnoverishigh,onaverageabout60%,saidJoseMariP.Mercado,presidentoftheIT&
BusinessProcessAssn.ThatmeansatypicalworkerwhostartsinJanuarywillbegonebyJuly,a
signofhowstressfulanddemandingthejobscanbe.
YettherelativelygoodpaycallcenterworkersmakedoubletheaveragesalaryofaManilabank
tellerkeepsdrawingpeopleintothemarket.Mercadoreckonsthatbusinessoutsourcingtothe
Philippineswillgrowforyearstocome.
AmericanandEuropeancompaniesareincreasinglyoutsourcingmoresophisticatedworkthatwas
oncelargelydonebylegalsecretaries,junioraccountantsandmedicalstaffintheU.S.This
includespreparingresearchreports,formattingdocumentsandprovidingclinicalsupport.
"Weproduce3,000CPAsayear,"saidMercado,notingthatthey'retrainedaccordingtoU.S.
accountingstandards.
Likewise,lawschoolsinthePhilippinesfollowAmericancurriculum,makinggraduatesan
attractivelowcostoptionforsomeU.S.businesses.StartingassociatesatManilalawfirms
generallymakeroughly$700amonthaboutasmuchasJoahnnaHorcamakesatacallcenter.
"It'snotonlyaboutcost,butaboutefficiencyacrossalllinesofbusiness,"saidBobGogel,chief
executiveofIntegreonInc.inNewYork,whichhasBPOoperationsinadozencitiesaroundthe
world,includingManilaandFargo,N.D.
Heinsistedthattheoverseasboomwasn'teliminatingjobsintheU.S.WhilehisManilaofficeis
growing,hesaid,soistheoneinNorthDakota,whichhas175employeesbutisbeingexpandedto
300.
Integreon'sManilaofficeopenedin2007andalreadyhas700employees.BenjaminRomualdez,
thecompany'scountryhead,saiddemandisparticularlystrongforlegaltranscription,document
formattingandbriefpreparation.Integreonnowhas200Filipinolawyersonstaffandunder
contract.
Oneofthem,JuliusCerada,spendsmostofhisworknightsporingoverbriefsandhighlighting
partsthatmightbeofinteresttoU.S.clients.Ceradawouldn'tsaywhatheearns,onlythatit's
competitivewithwhathemadeasaninhousecompanylawyer.Itwasn'taboutthemoney,hesaid
ofwhyhequitin2013andjoinedIntegreon.
"Worklifebalanceisimportanttome,"hesaid,notingthathewasputtingintoomanyhours
before."Ijustturned50.Healthismyprimaryconcern."
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