Champlain Water District

Water Quality 2016

Safe Drinking Water All the Way to Your Tap

PWS ID#: VT0005092

First Place 2015

American Water Works Association

Best of the Best

in North America Taste Competition

n 2015, Champlain Water Districts Peter L. Jacob Water Treatment Facility maintained the highest degree of
treatment process optimization and was recognized for maintaining the elite Excellence in Water Treatment
status for 16 years from 1999 to the present day. CWD was the first water utility in the country to receive
USEPAs Excellence in Water Treatment Award from the Partnership for Safe Water. To date, a total of 16 water
suppliers in the U.S. have attained this pinnacle of public health protection. We invite school and community
groups to visit our treatment facility, view this prestigious award, and learn about their drinking water from
source to tap. Water Quality 2016 reports data from calendar year 2015.
The Champlain Water District (CWD) works very hard to assure safe, high quality drinking water is delivered to its
customers. We accomplish this by:
protecting Shelburne Bay as the deep water source that supplies the water,
treating the water with state-of-the-art filtration, disinfection and corrosion control at the Peter L. Jacob water treatment plant,
assuring corrosion control and disinfection by-product control throughout the county-wide service area.
In 2014, CWD was named Best Drinking Water in New England. This years Water Quality Report announces that in
2015, CWD water received the prestigious Best of the Best Peoples Choice Taste Award for North American water
suppliers in a taste competition among North Americas regional taste test winning water suppliers.
Please turn to the report cover to view this award
The water that CWD provides throughout Chittenden County - as far North as Milton, as far East as the Village of
Jericho, and as far South as Shelburne - is of the highest quality and serves many uses for CWDs 75,000 customers
and many of the areas major employers such as GlobalFoundries and Husky.

What are the USEPA regulations?

Parts per million (ppm) or Milligrams per Liter

(mg/l) - one penny in ten thousand dollars
or 1 second in 11.6 days.
Parts per billion (ppb) or Micrograms per
Liter (ug/l) - one penny in ten million dollars
or 1 second in 32 years.
Picocuries per liter (pCi/l)- a measure of
radioactivity in water.

Nephelometric Turbidity Unit (NTU) - NTU

is a measure of the clarity of water. Turbidity
in excess of 5 NTU is just visually noticeable
to the average person.

90th Percentile - Ninety percent of the samples are

below the action level. (Nine of ten sites sampled
were at or below this level).

Treatment techniques are set by USEPA when

monitoring technology cannot precisely detect certain
contaminants. In these cases, a surrogate measurement
is used to determine compliance in a reliably operated
treatment facility. An example is the use of turbidity
to indicate microbial protozoan removal in a treatment
plant. (Turbidity is a good indicator of the effectiveness
of the disinfectant, the filtration, and the general quality
of the water.)

Action level- the concentration of a contaminant

which triggers treatment or other requirements
that a water system must follow.

Treatment Technique- a USEPA requirement for water

suppliers to install and optimize water treatment
processes that are intended to reliably remove a
required percentage for a specific possible contaminant.

t
t
t
t
t

MCLs and MCLGs are set by USEPA after

extensive research and public comment. MCLs
define a safe water supply by setting levels
a trace contaminant may not exceed, MCLs are set
as close to the MCLG as feasible using the Best
Available Technology.

EPA

Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG)

level of a contaminant in drinking water below
which there is no known or expected risk to health.

t
Regulation of
Contaminants

Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) - the

highest level of a contaminant that is allowed
in drinking water.

Treatment
Technique

Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level (MRDL)

The highest level of a disinfectant allowed
in drinking water. Addition of a disinfectant
maintains sanitary quality. The MRDL for
Monochloramine = annual average of 4.0 mg/L.

Maximum
Contaminant
Level
(MCL)

Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal

(MRDLG) The level of drinking water disinfectant
below which there is no known or expected risk
to health. The MRDLG for Monochloramine
is 4 mg/L.

Maximum
Residual
Disinfectant
Level (MRDL)

CWDs philosophy has always been to go beyond Federal and State requirements to protect public health
as we continue to meet all present Federal and State water quality standards. In order for our customers
to understand these standards, there are some important USEPA definitions to learn:

Regulatory Corner

USEPA wants you to know that the presence of certain

contaminants in drinking water does not necessarily
indicate that the drinking water poses a health risk.
USEPA and the State of Vermont prescribe regulations
which limit the amount of certain contaminants
in water provided by the public water system. CWD
monitors for all regulated trace contaminants (including
naturally occurring radioactivity) on specific schedules
as required by USEPA. USEPA never expresses
results of water monitoring as zero. Scientifically,
it is impossible to measure zero. Therefore, USEPA
requires every trace substance to be analyzed using
an approved method with a required detection limit.
When no trace substance is found, then it is expressed
as none detected = ND.
CWD monitors for these trace chemicals even though
they are extremely unlikely to be present in CWDs
source because of the characteristics of CWDs 33.3
billion gallon deep water Shelburne Bay source. CWD
has monitored 166 trace substances for many years
according to the schedules established by the USEPA
and has received all non-detect test results for 2015.
To receive a listing of these specific undetected
contaminants contact CWD and ask for the latest
specific non-detect report.

In providing a safe, high quality water there are several characteristics that a water
supplier should meet:

Immunocompromised
Persons read this!

USEPA requires
all water systems,
regardless of the
type of source and
treatment, to provide
this information.

Sanitary quality

Source quality

Disinfectant-by-product
quality

Aesthetic quality

1. Sanitary quality - bacteriological, viral and

protozoan quality that is assured by consistent
and efficient filtration, and, by primary
free chlorine disinfection and secondary
monochloramine disinfection. This is the
primary goal of any water supplier as consumers
cannot reliably achieve this protection with
home treatment devices.

USEPA believes that drinking water, including bottled

water, may reasonably be expected to contain at least
trace amounts of contaminants. More information about
contaminants and associated health risks can be obtained
by calling CWD or the Safe Drinking Water Hotline.

CWDs SANITARY QUALITY

When evaluating a high quality water you should look

for:
CWD wants immunocompromised persons (ICPs) a) a monochloramine residual of at least 0.1 mg/L but
to know that they may be particularly at risk from
not more then 4.0 mg/L (MRDL),
infections and should seek advice from their health b) median heterotrophic plate count (HPC)
of less than 500 cfu/ml , and
care providers.
c) total coliform absent 95% of the time.
ICPs include:
d) less than 0.10 ntu turbidity from each filter.
1. Those undergoing chemotherapy
or organ transplants.
2. Those with AIDS / HIV or other immune
CWD SANITARY QUALITY 2015
system disorders.
3.00
3. Some elderly.
2.75
4. Infants.

2. Source quality - the cleaner a water suppliers

source, the more effective a water suppliers
treatment process is at producing high quality
water. Common sense tells us that if you have
high quality untreated water going into a facility,
then you will have the highest quality finished
water leaving that facility. This is important
for sanitary and trace chemical considerations.
Home owners cannot reliably treat poor quality
source waters on their own.
In general, USEPA wants you to know that,
depending on the condition of any water
source and its watershed area, some untreated
source water may be impacted by the following
contaminants:
1. Biological (Viruses & Bacteria).
2. Inorganic (Metals & Salts).
3. Synthetic organic chemicals

(Pesticides, Herbicides, Volatile

Organic Chemicals).
4. Naturally occurring radioactivity.
3. Disinfectant-by-product quality - primary
disinfection with free chlorine is essential to
assure sanitary water. This disinfection process
does create by-products (DBPs) that impact the
finished water. All water suppliers must deal
with the balancing of sanitary benefits and DBP
risks from primary free chlorine disinfection.
DBPs may be reduced by the consumer using
treatment devices approved by NSF International
for TTHM reduction, and only if these devices
are installed, used and continually maintained
according to manufacturers instructions.
4. Aesthetic quality - aesthetic considerations also
determine the acceptability of a water supply.
Distribution system management may impact
water taste and odor. Taste/odor is relatively
easy to reduce by the consumer using properly
installed and maintained NSF approved
treatment devices.

Violations that occurred during the year:

Champlain Water District had no regulatory

violations during the year.

Total Chlorine Disinfectant (ppm)

Water Characteristics

2.50
2.25
2.00
1.75
1.50
1.25
1.00
0.75
0.50

MAX

AVG

This graph shows that CWDs monochloramine

disinfectant residual stays consistent throughout the
year and is well below the USEPA allowable level for
monochloramine residual of 4.0 mg/L.
The data from the table below shows that, even during
warm water conditions experienced during June through
October, the sanitary quality of CWD water is excellent
with very low HPC levels and total coliforms absent
100% of the time.

2015
MONTH

AVG / WATER
TEMP / DEG-F

MEDIAN HPC
COUNT
( STD=<500 )

TOTAL
COLIFORM
( STD ABSENT
95% OF
THE MONTH )

January

44

Absent 100%

February

41

Absent 100%

March

40

Absent 100%

April

41

Absent 100%

May

48

Absent 100%

June

55

Absent 100%

July

60

Absent 100%

August

65

Absent 100%

September

65

Absent 100%

October

63

Absent 100%

November

57

Absent 100%

December

52

Absent 100%

CHAMPLAIN WATER DISTRICT WATER PROCESS

Did you know ?

your water, in 2015 was selected as The Peoples Choice - Best of the Best in North America

in a taste test competition among 40 regional taste winners in North America.

Rural Water Association Taste Competition.

COLCHESTER

ESSEX

JERICHO

your water supplier was the first in the nation to receive the Fifteen Year Anniversary Excellence

in Treatment Award from the Partnership for Safe Water for demonstrating superior water quality
each year in complying with the Safe Drinking Water Act.

WINOOSKI

BURLINGTON

your water supplier received the 2007 Utility of the Year Award and the year 2012 Utility

Service Award from New England Water Works Association.

SOUTH
BURLINGTON

SHELBURNE

your water, in 2014 was selected as Best Tasting in New England in a regional taste

competition, and in both 2015 and 2016 won best surface water and best overall at the Vermont

MILTON

Shelburne
South Burlington
Williston
Essex Junction
Essex
Jericho Village
Milton
Winooski
Mallets Bay Water Company
Colchester Town
Colchester Fire District #1
Colchester Fire District #3

Service areas include:

WILLISTON

your water supplier received the Grand Award for Engineering Excellence from the American

Council of Engineering Companies for the design and implementation of the secondary disinfection
project and for its 2012 Energy Savings Scoping Study.

Public Involvement: CWD is governed by a Board of Commissioners publicly elected from each member community.
Public Board meetings are held at 12 noon the second Tuesday of each month.

2015 Water from

Peter L. Jacob
Water Treatment
Facility named
Peoples Choice
Best of the Best in
North America

CWDS SANITARY QUALITY (continued)

Protozoan and virus protection is provided through optimized
filtration and primary disinfection. When evaluating a water
supplier for proper protozoan and virus treatment, the
combined filtration and post-disinfection processes should
remove and destroy 99.5% of Cryptosporidium oocysts,
99.9% of Giardia cysts and 99.99% of viruses. The treatment
removal/inactivation graph below shows that CWD surpasses
these treatment requirements.
USEPA believes some people may be more vulnerable
to contaminants in drinking water than the general population.
Cryptosporidium and Giardia are microbial parasites that
can be found in surface water throughout the U.S. Although
filtration removes Cryptosporidium, the most commonly used
filtration methods cannot guarantee 100 percent removal.
This is why CWD continues to upgrade and optimize
its water treatment processes. USEPAs turbidity standard
is for all the filters combined. CWDs turbidity goal is much
stricter and is for each individual filter.

Many of the people who live along Shelburne Bay, and the streams
flowing into Shelburne Bay, do not realize that their homes, yards,
and parks are within an area called the Shelburne Bay Watershed.
By protecting the Shelburne Bay watershed, residents help protect the
quality of CWDs deep Shelburne Bay source. The streams that make
up this watershed include the Laplatte River, Potash Brook, North
Brook, Munroe Brook, McCabes Brook, and Bartlett Brook. CWDs
water source is far off shore in Shelburne Bay. CWD invested in this
intake source area because it is well away from potential sources
of contamination. Shelburne Bay holds 33 billion gallons of water.
CWDs Watershed Management Program for Source Protection has
the following objectives:
Characterize watersheds (all the rain and snow melt that enter
a specific stream or river come from an area that is called that streams
watershed) and the Shelburne Bay Source.
Build partnerships toward improving lake water quality.
Educate people about Shelburne Bays role in providing drinking water.
Limit degradation of the CWD source water.

For more info on stormwater measures go to

www.smartwaterways.org

CWD UNTREATED SOURCE WATER

TREATMENT QUALITY

BACTERIAL QUALITY

0.6
150

0.2
0.10
0.0

Combined
Filter Effluent
Turbidity
(NTU)

USEPA STD

0.07

CWD GOAL

CWD MAX

0.05
CWD AVG

MAX level No violation Turbidity comes from

soil run off.
0.07

CWD completed the

required Giardia and
Cryptosporidium
monitoring from April
2008 to December
2010 as required under
USEPAs Rules. CWD
will conduct round 2
monitoring as specified
by USEPA starting in
October 2016.

All CWD inactivation

is performed using free
chlorine as primary
disinfectant.

Percent removed and /or inactivated

CWDs Giardia and Cryptosporidium Testing

TREATMENT REMOVAL / INACTIVATION

Bacteria / 100ml

(NTU)

0.30

128

128

0.4

Turbidity

CWDs continued
use of state of
the art laser
particle counting
technology
continues to allow
each process filter
to be optimized
at removing
particles larger
than 2 microns
(about 1/13,000th
of an inch) in
size.

CWDS SOURCE QUALITY

Indicator E. Coli
Enterobacteria

100

50

33
3

0
EPA BATHING

Vermont
BATHING STD

STD

CWD Lake WATER AVG.

NORTH
SOUTH
INTAKE
INTAKE

This graph shows how CWD untreated source water contains very low
numbers of sanitary bacterial indicators even when comparing with levels
USEPA says are allowable in bathing beach water. Of course, CWD finished
water is free of any bacteriological indicator organisms.

CWDS RADIONUCLIDES MONITORING

100

CWD monitors for naturally occurring radionuclides according to USEPA

requirements. This table shows those monitored and the background levels
detected. Radionuclides are at background levels due to erosion of natural
deposits.

99.95

99.90

99.00

98.50
VIRUS

GIARDIA

CRYPTO

USEPA REQUIRES
CWD ACHIEVES

CWD conducted several studies with Dr. Tom Manley of

Middlebury College to determine the best strategic locations for
our additional source water intake pipe. Results of these studies
showed that CWDs 75 feet deep intake location to the northeast
of Whites Ridge along the Shelburne Bay Deep underwater
canyon was the best location for a redundant intake pipe to
assure adequate quantity and high quality of water into the
future. This new south intake was constructed in 2007 and
placed into service in July 2008.

RADIONUCLIDE

COLLECTION
DATE

Combined
Radium
Gross Alpha
Radium-226
Radium-228

DETECTED

UNIT

4/30/15

1.1

pCi/L

6/6/11

0.73

pCi/L

15

4/30/15

0.4

pCi/L

4/30/15

0.65

pCi/L

MCL

TYPICAL
SOURCE
Erosion of Natural
Deposits
Erosion of Natural
Deposits
Erosion of Natural
Deposits
Erosion of Natural
Deposits

2015 Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule

(UCMR) Results Detected in Sample
Contaminant

DWG

Chlorate

700 ug/L1

Chromium-6

10 ug/L

Strontium

4200 ug/L2

SOURCE OF
OCCURRENCE

value

Factor below health

screening level

36

6.7 X

DBP

.05

200 X

73

52.5 X

Natural
Mineral Deposits
Natural
Mineral Deposits

This monitoring required by USEPA to assess nationwide occurrence.

The 14 other contaminants tested for and not detected are listed in the 2014 non-detect report.
DBP = Disinfection by product due to free chlorine primary disinfectant
Natural mineral deposits = Naturally occurring due to geologic formations
DWG = Drinking Water Goal
1
DWG of World Health Organization 2004.
2
DWG of USEPA 2005.
3
DWG of California Dept of Public Health 2014

CWDs DISINFECTANT BY-PRODUCT QUALITY

CWD maintains high quality drinking water, free from pathogenic
(dangerous) bacteria and protozoa while, at the same time,
keeping disinfectant by-products (DBPs) to a minimum. USEPA
has implemented a more restrictive new standard for two groups
of compounds known as total trihalomethanes (TTHMs) and total
haloacetic acids (HAA5s). CWD is fortunate to have extremely
low natural levels of bromide in its source water as the brominated
DBPs have been implicated as contributing the most risk.
Disinfection By-Products
120

EPA STD

ppb

100

CWD AVG SAMPLE

80

CWD MIN SAMPLE

36

40
20

CWD MAX SAMPLE

60

60
24

23

In 2015, CWD conducted monitoring for 52 of the most common

PPCPs, and 2 of the most common algal substances detected nationwide. The results for 50 of these substances were none detected at ppt
and ppqd levels in CWD water. One of the 52 substances monitored
was Bisphenol A (BPA). These results show that CWD water is BPA
free! Two substances, cotinine, and nicotine were detected at levels
very close to the detection limit of the test procedure. Despite careful
sampling techniques, CWD has been unable to eliminate low level detects from sampler/lab personnel use of nicotine, and other environmental substances. Research in 2013 employing tightly controlled clean
room sampling techniques confirmed previous results of finding trace
low level detects of Cotinine & DEET in research grade blank water
provided by the outside certified testing laboratory for quality assurance
(QA) purposes. In 2015, nicotine was detected at 5 ppt in this type of
research grade blank water.

32
9

cwds Pharmaceutical Compounds and

Personal Care Products (PPCPs) testing

HAA5s (2015 Data)

TTHMs (2015 Data)

USEPA std based on average of 4 samples per year at each location sampled.

Range
Violation Average
Yes or No Detected Detected

MCL

Source

By-Product of
Disinfection
By-Product
of
9-32 ppb
Disinfection

TTHMs 80 ppb

No

24 ppb 1-36 ppb

HAA5s 60 ppb

No

23 ppb

CWD uses monochloramine to significantly reduce TTHMs

and HAA5s and continues to produce high quality, sanitary water.

CWDs LEAD & COPPER TREATMENT

CWD adds 0.08 to 0.18 mg/L of zinc and from 0.8 to 1.8 mg/L
of phosphate to reduce lead and copper leaching from individual home
plumbing. This program has been very effective and allowed CWD
to become one of the first systems in Vermont to meet the USEPA
action level for lead and copper leaching from home plumbing. CWD
is required to extensively monitor 55 high risk sample sites for lead.
If present, elevated levels of lead can cause serious health problems,
especially for pregnant women and young children. Lead in drinking
water is primarily from materials and components associated with
service lines and home plumbing. CWD is responsible for providing
high quality drinking water, but cannot control the variety of materials
used in home plumbing components. Lead in drinking water is from
materials associated with home plumbing installed prior to 1987.
When your water has been sitting for several hours, you can minimize
the potential for lead exposure by flushing your tap for 30 seconds to
2 minutes before using your water for drinking or cooking.

15

10
0.5

5
2

0.046

ppm COPPER

ppb LEAD

15

10,000 ppt

NICOTINE

not
listed

DETECTED IN LAB
FROM SAMPLE

FACTOR
DETECTION
BELOW HEATH
LIMIT OF TEST
SCREENING
PROCEDURE
LEVEL

2 ppt
Finished Water
7 ppt
Finished Water

SOURCE, OTHER
THAN SAMPLE/
ANALYTICAL
CONTAMINATION

1 ppt

3,300 times less

than

Metabolite of
Nicotine

5 ppt

N/A

Tobacco ingredient

ppt = parts per trillion or nanograms per Liter (ng/L) or one penny in 10 billion dollars or 1
second in 32,000 years. ppqd = parts per quadrillion or picograms per Liter (pg/L) or one
penny in 10 trillion dollars or 1 second in 32,000,000 years. DWG = Drinking Water
Guidance Level
1

2010 Occurrence of Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) in Source Water of the
New York City Water Supply, New York City Environmental Protection, August 19, 2012

CWDs AESTHETIC QUALITY

All of the different types of water quality presented - sanitary, source and
DBP interact and influence one another as well as affecting the aesthetic
quality of the water, CWDs challenge - as for all water suppliers is to
manage all these aspects to produce high quality water. After CWD produces
the water, it is distributed to 12 municipal water systems within nine served
communities, the water systems then deliver the water to you, the consumer.
The following table lists CWD aesthetic water conditions.
These are parameters that are not based upon human health concerns,
but affect how a consumer views their water supply.
USEPA
SECONDARY
MCL

CWD TREATED
WATER

ALUMINUM

0.20 ppm

0.05 (.03-.09)

COLOR

15 UNITS

2 UNITS

ALKALINITY

N/A

54 ppm (51-56) AS CaCO3

CALCIUM HARDNESS

N/A

53 ppm (45-64) AS CaCO3

TOTAL HARDNESS

N/A

61 ppm AS CaCo3
(3.6 GRAINS/GAL.)

AESTHETIC CONDITION

CHLORIDE

250 ppm

17 ppm

FOAMING AGENTS

0.5 ppm

LESS THAN 0.1 ppm

N/A

180 mS(173-193)

6.5-8.5 pH
UNITS

(7.52-7.92)

CONDUCTIVITY
pH
TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS

500 ppm

113 ppm

IRON

LESS THAN 0.01 ppm

.05 ppm

LESS THAN .02 ppm

SODIUM

N/A

7.5 ppm

POTASSIUM

N/A

1.31 ppm

Lead

SULFATE

250 ppm

13 ppm

Copper

SILVER

0.1 ppm

LESS THAN 0.005 ppm *

SILICA

N/A

1.4 ppm

SILICON

N/A

0.67 ppm

BROMIDE

N/A

LESS THAN 0.010 ppm

IODIDE

N/A

LESS THAN 1.00 ppm

2 ppm

0.75(0.59-1.29)

N/A

0.04(0-0.17)

Cotinine 1

MANGANESE

1.5

1.3

DWG

IRON

LEAD & COPPER RESULTS

20

PPCPS
DETECTED IN
CWD TREATED
WATER

EPA Action LEVEL * CWD RESULTS *

* At the 90th percentile level *

In 2013, None (zero) of 55 sample sites exceeded the USEPA action

level for lead. If your house contains leaded solder, flush your tap for
30 seconds to 2 minutes before using the tap water. The next 3 years
monitoring cycle begins June 2016.
If you are concerned about lead in your drinking water, you may wish
to have your water tested. Information on lead in drinking water, testing
methods, and steps you can take to minimize exposure is available from the
Safe Drinking Water Hotline or at http://www.epa.gov/safewater/lead.

FLUORIDE ***
AMMONIUM ION

* may leach from consumer purchased carbon pre-filters.

NOTE: Except for bacterial testing and process control testing, all CWD test
analyses are conducted by independent certified laboratories. Bacteriological
testing is conducted by CWDs on-site State and NELAC Certified Laboratory.
***Starting January 8, 2011, CWD changed to adding 0.7 ppm from 1.0 ppm
following the recommendation of the CDC. Fluoride is added for dental health
under the Vermont Department of Health Fluoridation Program.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

AVAILABLE CWD PUBLICATIONS

CWD contacts: 802-864-7454.

www.champlainwater.org

Watershed Management Program for Source Protection.

Jim Fay General Manager

Dick Pratt- Asst. General Manager/Chief Engineer
Michael G. Barsotti- Director of Water Quality &
Production, [email protected]
USEPA Safe Drinking Water Hotline (provides
information on potential health effects and how
to lessen infection risk from Cryptosporidium and
other biological contaminants)
1-800-426-4791
Vermont 2-1-1, for health and human services
information and referral.
2-1-1
Vermont DEC Drinking Water & Groundwater
Protection Division
1-802-828-1535
Vermont Dept of Health,
Division of Environmental Health
1-802-652-0357
Municipal water systems served by CWD:
VT 0005087
VT 0005091
VT 0005098
VT 0005066
VT 0005065
VT 0005058
VT 0005060
VT 0005077
VT 0020333
VT 0005079
VT 0005102
VT 0005552

Town of Shelburne
City of South Burlington
Town of Williston
Village of Essex Junction
Town of Essex
Colchester Fire District #1
Colchester Fire District #3
Village of Jericho
Mallets Bay Water Co.
Town of Milton
City of Winooski
Colchester Town

Champlain Water District

403 Queen City Park Road
South Burlington, VT 05403

985-5122
864-4361
878-1239
878-6944
878-1344
654-2872
878-4337
899-2938
864-7454
893-6030
655-6419
864-7454

Cryptosporidium- The Filtration Challenge, New England Water Works Association

(NEWWA) Journal, December 1999.
Applying Self assessment to Filter Optimization, American Water Works Association
Opflow, February 1997.
Evaluation of Particle Counters Using Microscopic Counts, Journal of American Water
Works Association, December 1997.
Count Matching In-Situ Particle Counts to Scanning Electron Microscopic Counts
for Treatment Facility Control, AWWA, 1998 Water Quality Technology Conference.
Why a Water Utility Should Join the National Initiative Entitled Partnership for Safe
Water, NEWWA Annual Conference, September 1998 and Reseau Environnement,
St. Hyacinthe, Quebec, March 2000, NEWWA Journal, June 2000. AWWA Annual
Conference 2004.
Surface Water Source Characterization to Overcome Operational Complacency and
Aid Source Delineation, 1999 Water Quality Technology Conference, November 1999.
Investigating and Controlling HAA5s Within a Complex Transmission System, 2000
Water Quality Technology Conference, October 2000.
Exploring the Interrelationship of Water Quality Standards, Source Protection
and Wastewater Treatment in Northwestern Vermont, AWWA Source Protection
Conference, January 2001.
Modeling Storage and the Inlet Reconfiguration, AWWA International Retention Time
Management Symposium 2002.
Investigating a Stand Pipe Mixing System as a Tool for Managing Retention Time
and DBP Formation, 2003 Water Quality Technology Conference, November 2003.
CWD Lead Public Information Flyer.
Partnering to Advance Source Protection within the Storm Water Arena, 2005 AWWA
Source Protection Conference, January 2005.
Parent and Consecutive System Considerations in a Regional Municipal Water District
in Northwestern Vermont, 2006 NEWWA Water Quality Symposium, May 2006.
Secondary Disinfection, 2008 Green Mountain Water Environment Association Spring
Meeting, March 2008.
Long Term Experience with Conventional Filtration, 2008 NEWWA Water Quality
Symposium, May 2008.
The Role of Water Quality and Operational Decision Making in Implementing a Loadshed Program, 2009 NEWWA Water Quality Symposium, May 2009.
Complying with the Upcoming Stage 2 Disinfection By-product Regulations,
2012 Green Mountain Water Environment Association Spring Meeting, May 2012.
Planning and Maintaining Compliance with the Lead and Copper Rule when Making
a Disinfectant Change, 2012 NEWWA Water Quality Symposium, May 2012.
Success Stories from Phase III Self-assessments, 2013 AWWA Annual Conference,
June 2013.
Improving Power Efficiency While Meeting the Water Quality Operational Goals of a
Complex Transmission and Storage System, 2013 AWWA Water Quality Technology
Conference, November 2013.

Municipal Public Utilities

Watch Program

Printed on Recycled
Paper

We are requesting the public to voluntarily set up a public utilities infrastructure

WATCH PROGRAM modeled after the success of existing Neighborhood Watch
programs.
We are asking the public to report any suspicious activity to their local police
department. Examples would include unauthorized use of fire hydrants, or trespassing
in water or wastewater related treatment facility areas, such as storage tanks. This type
of public surveillance will reduce the costs associated with vandalism, as well as further
enhance overall security.
Any type of non-emergency questions can be referred to your local public works
director within the member communities, or the Champlain Water Districts General
Manager. We thank you for your help in assisting us in enhancing public safety
and security. This announcement is provided by the Champlain Water District in
conjunction with the following communities: South Burlington, Shelburne, Essex
Town, Essex Junction, Williston, Colchester, Winooski, Milton, and the Village of
Jericho.

Please open to find Champlain Water Districts latest water quality report.
Employers should provide enclosed information to their employees and landlords to their tenants.

Extra copies are available at no charge by contacting CWD or CWD served systems.