ME 4232: Fluid Power Controls Lab: Class #6 Hydraulic Pumps
ME 4232: Fluid Power Controls Lab: Class #6 Hydraulic Pumps
ME 4232: Fluid Power Controls Lab: Class #6 Hydraulic Pumps
Notes
Next Friday:
Van de Ven Traveling
Servo Hydraulic Overview & System Dynamics Review
Upcoming Labs:
Lab 11/12: Synchronous / Asynchronous &
Tandem / Parallel Connections
Lab 13: Power Steering
Lab 14: Integrated Lab (Part I)
2
Agenda
Feedback: Lab Sections
Power Steering Valve
Pump Classification
Positive Displacement Types
Pump Theory
Flow Ripple
Inefficiencies
Aeration/Cavitation
Hydrostatic Transmissions
Types / Characteristics
Hybrid Vehicle Architectures
3
Issues:
Some labs tight on time
Sometimes confusion
Lab assignments vague
Pumps - Introduction
Vane pump
fixed or variable displacement
pressure compensated
Piston pump
axial design
radial design
bent-axis design
Gerotor pump
Inlet port
Outlet port
Vane Pump
Vanes in slots in rotor
Vanes loaded against
cam ring
Eccentricity determines
displacement
Quiet
Limited Pressure
11
12 curve
Spring determines P-Q
13
15
16
17
18
19
Cavitation
Dissolved air cavitation
Vapor cavitation
20
Cavitation Video
21
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eMDAw0TXvUo
22
Hydrostatic Transmission
23
24
Disadvantage:
Lower energy efficiency (80% versus 92%+ for mechanical
transmission)
Leaks !
25
Parallel
Pros:
Retains existing mechanical drive train
Cons:
Does not allow optimal engine
management
Pros:
Allows optimal engine management
Four-Wheel Drive Capable
Independent Wheel Torque Control
Cons:
Hydraulic Efficiency Losses
Pump/Motor Operation
26
Hydraulic Accumulators
Energy Storage Device
Oil Compresses a Pre-Charged Gas (Nitrogen)
27
Planetary
Differential
Axle
Gearbox
Engine
Clutch
Mechanical
Transmission
Hydraulic Transformer
Q1
Q2
Mechanical: T xpD1 Cv
x
p p
1 x
Vr
xB
2
C f
p
x
Source:
30http://www.emeraldinsight.com/content_images/fig/0180560404021.png
Volumetric:
Rolling Diaphragm Seal
No Leakage
Minimal Friction
31
Source: www.diacom.com
Linkage Synthesis
Video
Video:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ovVGkjuXdvE
32
Configuration Analysis
Stroke/Footprint
0.24
0.22
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-1
-0.5
0.5
1.5
2.5
3.5
0.2
Optimized Solution:
R3 = 1.8, R4 = 1.8
Footprint = 8.38
0.18
0.16
2.5
0.14
33
2.5
|R3| Unitless
1.5 1.5
|R4| Unitless
34
35
36
Viscous Friction:
Compressibility:
Vdead
dP
( P)
PV
dP
PdV
( P)
dV
Pin Friction:
12
Ecomp
37
k = 0.173
18
16
Leakage
Viscous Friction
Coulomb Friction
Compressibility Losses
Total Losses
14
Energy Loss (J/rev)
2.5
12
10
Leakage
Viscous Friction
Coulomb Friction
Compressibility Losses
Total Losses
8
6
4
1.5
0.5
2
0
k = .0015
3.5
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
Displacement d/dmax
0.7
0.8
0.9
0
0
38
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
Displacement d/dmax
0.7
0.8
0.9
.0015
0.9
0.8
.173
0.7
Efficiency
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
Bronze Bushings
Rollerbearings
McCandlish Model
0.1
0
0.1
39
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
Displacement (D/Dmax )
0.8
0.9
Check Valve
Fittings
Leakage Port -6
40
Torque Transducer
Accumulator to smooth
pulsating flow
Pressure Transducer
41
Flow Meter
42
43
Video
44
2 Minute Writing
Sheet of Paper
No Names
1. What do you like most about the way the
course is going?
2. What do you like least about the way the
course is going?
3. Suggestions for improvement?
45