Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis

SUBJECTS
Subject Code
Subject
55015
Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis
55016
Metrology & Surface Engineering
55017
Dynamics of Machinery
55018
Machine Tools
55019
Design of Machine Members - I
55020
Applied Thermodynamics - II
methods of demand forecasting (Survey methods, Statistical methods, Expert opinion method,
test marketing, controlled experiments, judgmental approach to demand forecasting.
Unit III: Production Function, Isoquants and Isocosts:

Theory of Production and Cost analysis: Production Function - Isoquants and Isocosts,
MRTS, Least cost combination of inputs, Production function, Laws of returns, Internal and
External Economies of scale.
Cost Analysis: Cost concepts, Opportunity cost, Fixed Vs. Variable costs, Explicit costs Vs.
implicit costs, Out put of pocket costs vs. imputed costs. Break even analysis (BEA) Determination of Break even Point (Simple problems) - Managerial Significance and Limitations
of BEA.
COURSE OBJECTIVE
Unit IV: Introduction to Markets & Pricing strategies Market structures:
Managerial
economics
& Financial
analysis
subject Market
is introduced
to B.Tech
students
of JNTU.
Introduction
to Markets
& Pricing
strategies
structures:
Types
of competition,
The aim ofofthis
is to equip
the students
with fundamental
conceptscompetition.
of economics,Price-Output
budgeting,
Features
Perfect
competition,
Monopoly
and Monopolistic
management &
It helps
them to and
understand
the intricacies of business units. The
Determination
in accounts.
case of Perfect
competition
Monopoly.
study of this subject strengthens them to start an enterprise on their own accord.
Objectives and Policies of pricing: Cost plus pricing, Managerial cost pricing, Sealed bid
pricing, Going rate pricing, Limit pricing, Market skimming pricing, Penetration pricing, Two part
Text Books:
pricing, Bunding pricing, Peak load pricing, Cross subsidization.

T- 1: Aryasri: Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis, 2/e, TMH, 2005 T - 2: Varshney &
Maheshwari: Managerial Economics, Sultan Chand, 2003 T - 3: Dwivedi: Managerial Economics T -
Unit V: Business & New Economic Environment:

4: S.N Maheswari & S.K Maheswari: Financial Accounting Syllabus:
__________
& New Economic Environment: Characteristics features of Business, Features and

Unit I:Business
Introduction
to Managerial Economics:
evaluation of Sole proprietorship, Partnership, Joint Stock Company, Public enterprises and
Introduction to Managerial Economics: Definition, Nature and Scope Managerial Economics,
their types, Changing Business environment in Post liberalization scenario.
Demand Analysis: Demand Determinants, Law of Demand and its exceptions.
Unit VI:
Capital and
its significance:
II: Elasticity
of Demand:
Capital
significance,
Types
of capital,
Estimation
Fixed and working
capital
Elasticityand
of its
Demand:
Definition,
Types,
Measurement
andofSignificance
of Elasticity
of
requirements,
Methods
and sources
of raising
finance.
Nature
and scope of
Demand. Demand
Forecasting,
Factors
governing
demand
forecasting,
UNIT-1: Introduction to Managerial Economics:

S.No
1
Name of the Topic

Teaching
Resource
No of
capital budgeting, features of capital budgeting
proposals,
Methods
of
capital
budgeting:
methodolog
periods
s
y
Introduction
to Managerial
Economics Rate of return (ARR),
2 and Net
Chalk
&
Payback
Method, Accounting
present
value Ti
method (Simple
problems).
Definition,
Nature of Managerial Economics
3
4
5
Board
Ti
Chalk &
Board
Scope
of
Managerial
Economics
1
Ti
Chalk &
Unit VII: Introduction to Financial Accounting:
Board
DemandIntroduction
Analysis: Demand
Determinants
2
Ti Trial BalanceChalk
&
to Financial Accounting: Double Entry Book keeping,
Journal,
Ledger,
Board
Final Accounts
(Trading account, Profit and Loss
and Balance sheet
Law of Demand
and its exceptions.
2 Account,Chalk
Ti with simple
&
Board
adjustments). 2005 - 2006.
Total
9
2
UNIT- II Elasticity of Demand
S.No
Unit VIII: Financial Analysis through ratios:

Name of the Topic
Teaching
Resourc
No
of
perio ds methodolog
es
Financial Analysis through ratios: Computation, Analysis and interpretation
of Liquidity Ratios
y
(Current Ratio and Quick Ratio), Activity Ratios (Inventory turnover ratio and Debtor Turnover
ratio), Capital structure Ratios (Debt-Equity ratio, Interest coverage ratio), and Profitability
Ratios (Gross Profit Ratio, Net Profit Ratio, Operating Ratio, P/E Ratio and EPS).
LECTURE PLAN:
6
7
Elasticity of Demand: Definition, Types
Forecasting,
Factors
governing
T2
Chalk &
Board
T2
Chalk &
Board
T2
Measurement and Significance of Elasticity of Demand.
Demand
Chalk &
Board
Chalk &
Board
demand
T2
forecasting
9
Methods of demand forecasting (Survey methods,

Statistical
marketing,
methods,
Expert
controlled
opinion
method,
experiments,
test
judgmental
approach to demand forecasting).

Total
9
UNIT III: Theory of Production and Cost analysis
S.No
10
Name of the Topic
Production Function , Isoquants and Isocosts
No of
period s
Teaching
methodolog
y
Resourc
Chalk &
Board
Chalk &
Board
Chalk &
Board
Chalk &
Board
Ti
Chalk &
Board
Chalk &
Board
Ti
11
MRTS, Least cost combination of inputs,
12
Production function, Laws of returns, Internal and

External Economies of scale.
Cost Analysis: Cost concepts, Opportunity cost,
Fixed Vs. Variable costs, Explicit costs Vs. implicit
costs, Out put of pocket costs vs. imputed costs.
Break even analysis (BEA) Determination of Break

even Point (Simple problems)
Managerial Significance and Limitations of BEA.
13
14
15
Total
16
17
18
19
Ti
Ti
Ti
UNIT IV : Introduction to Markets & Pricing strategies Market structures: Objectives

and Policies of pricing
Types of competition,
1
T2
Chalk &
Features of Perfect competition
Board
1
T2
Features of Monopoly and Monopolistic competition.
Chalk &
Price-Output Determination in case of Perfect
competition
Price-Output Determination in case Monopoly.
1
1
Cost plus pricing, Managerial cost pricing, Sealed bid

pricing, Going rate pricing, Limit pricing
21
Market skimming pricing, Penetration pricing, Two

part pricing, Bunding pricing, Peak load pricing, Cross
subsidization.
22
Ti
20
Total
es
Board
Chalk &
Board
T2
Chalk &
Board
Chalk &
Board
T2
Chalk &
Board
T2
T2
6
UNIT V : Business & New Economic Environment:
Characteristics of Business
Chalk &
Board
Ti
23
features of Business
24
Features and evaluation of Sole proprietorship
25
Partnership
26
Joint stock company
27
Public enterprises and their types,
28
Changing Business environment in Post

liberalization scenario.
Total
Chalk &
Board
Chalk &
Board
Chalk &
Board
Chalk &
Board
Chalk &
Board
Chalk &
Board
Ti
Ti
Ti
Ti
Ti
Ti
9
UNIT VI : Capital an Budgeting: Methods of ca d Capital pital budgeting :
29
Capital and its significance
30
31
Types of capital, Estimation of Fixed and working

capital requirements,
Methods and sources of raising finance
32
Nature and scope of capital budgeting
33
features of capital budgeting proposals
34
Total
Payback Method, Accounting Rate of return (ARR),

and Net present value method (Simple problems).
Chalk &
Board
Chalk &
Board
Chalk &
Board
Chalk &
Board
Chalk &
Board
Chalk &
Board
T2
T2
T2
T2
T2
T2
UNIT VII: Introduction to Financial Accounting

35
Double Entry Book keeping
Chalk &
Board
Ti
36
Journal
Ti
37
Ledger
38
Trial Balance
39
Final Accounts (Trading account, Profit and Loss

Account, and Balance sheet with simple adjustments).
2005-2006.
Chalk &
Board
Chalk &
Board
Chalk &
Board
Chalk &
Board
Total
40
41
42
43
44
Ti
Ti
Ti
8
UNIT VIII: Financial Analysis through ratios
Computation
Analysis and interpretation of Liquidity Ratios (Current
Ratio and Quick Ratio)
Activity Ratios (Inventory turnover ratio and Debtor
Turnover ratio)
Capital structure Ratios (Debt-Equity ratio, Interest
coverage ratio)
Profitability Ratios (Gross Profit Ratio, Net Profit
Ratio, Operating Ratio, P/E Ratio and EPS)
Total
Total No. of Classes
1
1
Chalk & Talk

Chalk & Talk
Ti
Ti
Chalk & Talk
Ti
Chalk & Talk
Ti
Chalk & Talk
Ti
9
71
UNIT II Elasticity of Demand
Learning Objectives:
>
Elasticity of demand
& its types
>
Factors affecting
elasticity
> The need for forecasting demand

of
> Factors affecting demand forecasting
demand
>
Measurement of
demand forecasting methods

elasticity
of
> evaluation of each demand
demand
>
Significance of
> forecasting method

elasticity
of
demand
UNIT III Cost analysis

______________Theory of Production and
>
Production function
>
Input - output relationship
>
Cost - output relationship
>
Laws of increasing, constant &
>
Optimum size
>
decreasing returns to scale
The concept of break even analysis
>
Internal economies
(BEA)
>
External economies
>
Determination of BEP
>
Diseconomies of scale
>
Application of BEA
>
Cost concepts
>
Significance of BEA
>
Limitations of BEA
>
UNIT I ECOSYSTEMS
UNIT
IV
Introduction to Markets & Pricing
strategies
Market structures:
Objectives and Policies of pricing
>
The nature and scope of economics
>
The
definition of
managerial economics
Learning
Objectives:
>
The nature & scope of managerial economics

> linkages
Types ofofmarkets
& their
comparative
The
managerial
economics
with situations
other disciplines
>
>
>
>
Laws
of governing
consumer
behaviour
> Features
of perfect
market,
monopoly, and monopolistic competition
Concepts & definitions of demand
> Price - output determination in different cases
Law of demand and its exceptions
UNITV
Unit
VII
Business
& New
Environment:
Introduction
to Economic
Financial Accounting
Learning
LearningObjectives:
Objectives:
> &
Factors
affecting
the choice of
Concept
significance
of accounting
of business organization
Branchesform
of accounting
>
Liberalization measures
>
Forms of Privatization
> concept
Types &&features
of business
The
preparation
of trail balance
organization
Accounting
concepts
>
Factors that led to Globalization

>
> entry
Critical
evaluation
of each
of the
Double
book
keeping and
its significance
form of business
Types of accounts
& rules organization
governing them
Policy measures towards

Globalization
>
Changing business environment
> New economic

environment
to post - Liberalization scenario
Preparation
subsidiary
books & ledger accounts
> > New
industrial of
policy
CriticalP evaluation
of and
LPGBalance
policies
Preparation
final1991
accounts comprising trading >account,
& L account
>
The
concepts
of Liberalization,
sheet
with simple
adjustments
Privatization, & Globalization (LPG)
policies
UNIT Vlll
__________________Financial Analysis through ratios ____________________

Capital and Capital Budgeting: Methods of capital budgeting
Learning Objectives
Ratio as an analytical tool
> Concept
of capital
Concepts
of liquidity,
solvency & profit ability
>
of capital budgeting
> Significance
of capital
Types
of liquidity ratio
> Types
of capital
Types
of activity
ratio
>
>
Factors affecting the requirements of
of
>
Evaluation
proposals
>
methods
>
Estimation of working
Institutional network with

Indian context for raising
budgeting
Estimation of cash inflows &
capital
capital requirements
capital
outflows
business
Limitations
of ratio analysis
>
Kinds
decisions
Sources of
capital and their
Types>of solvency
ratio
implementation
Types of profitability
ratio to the
The concept and significance
>
of
under
investment
different
Limitation of capital budgeting

process
COURSE OBJECTIVE
Engineering metrology is subject which cannot be ignored or taken for granted. Without
metrology there can be no manufacturing. So metrology is as important as manufacturing.
Metrology is he science which deals with the measurements. From engineering point of view; it is
the science which deals with the measurement of lengths, angles, form or shape & surface texture
and the instruments used to measure the parameters and their operation.
This subject has 8 units.
Unit 1 deals with limit, fits& tolerances need for them, type of tolerances, types of fits, employed
in the assembly process, unit 2 & 3 deal with the various measuring instruments for measuring
linear dimensions, angles, flatness & principles of light in measurement called inter ferometry.
Unit 4 specifies the surface characteristics, various methods for measuring roughness average
value. Unit 5 deals with various components, unit 6 deals with measuring the various elements of
the screw threads. Unit 7&8 deal with the various surface cleaning and surface treatments
Syllabus:________________________________________________________
UNIT-1: SYSTEM OF LIMITS AND FITS:
Introduction, normal size, tolerance limits, deviations, allowance, fits and their types unilateral
tolerance system, hole and shaft basis systems - interchangeability and selective assembly. Indian
standard Institution system - British standard system, International standard system for plain ad
screwed work.
UNIT-II: LINEAR MEASUREMENT:

Length standard, line and end standard slip gauges - calibration of the slip gauges, dial
indicator, micrometers.
MEASUREMENT OF ANGLES AND TAPERS: Different methods - Bevel protractor - angle slip
gauges - spirit levels - sine bar - sine plate, rollers and spheres used to determine the tapers.
LIMIT GAUGES: Taylors principle - Design of goes and No go gauges, plug ring, snap, gap,
taper, profile and gauges.
UNIT-III: OPTICAL MEASURING INSTRUMENTS:

Tool makers microscope and its uses - collimators, optical projector - optical flats and their
uses, interferometer
FLAT SURFACE MEASUREMENT: Measurement of flat surfaces - instruments used - straight
edges - surface plates - optical flat and auto collimator.
UNIT-IV: SURFACE ROUGHNESS MEASUREMENT:

Differences between surface roughness and surface waviness - Numerical assessment of
surface finish - CLA, R, R.M.S values - Rz values, Rz value, Methods of measurement of surface
finish - profilograph. Talysurf, ISI symbols for indication of surface finish.
UNIT- V: MESUREMENT THROUGH COMPARATORS:

Comparators - mechanical, Electrical and Electronic comparators, pneumatic comparators
and their uses in mass production.
UNIT- VI: SCREWTHREAD MEASUREMENT:

Element of measurement - errors in screw threads - measurement of effective diameter,
angle of thread and thread pitch, profile thread gauges.
UNIT VII: SURFACE ENGINEERING:

Surface texture and properties, surface cleaning techniques, surface integrity, wear and its
measurements. Lubricants and its selection for reducing wear, principles of corrosion and
remedial measures. Laser applications for surface modifications.
UNIT-1: INTRODUCTION LIMITS AND FITS

S.NO
1
Name of the topic
No of
periods
UNIT- VIII: SURFACE TREATMENTS:
1
Nominal size, Tolerance, types
Teaching
methodology
Resource
books
CHALK & TALK
of tolerance
Mechanical surface treatment and coating, casehardening and surface coating, thermal
Allowance
spraying, Vapour deposition, Diffusion coating, Electro plating, Electroless plating and Electro
2
CHALK & TALK
Conventional Diagram for
formatting, Ceramic, Organic and Diamond coating
limits, Deviation
Lower and upper deviation,
1
CHALK & TALK
Fits .clearance, Interference,
Transition fit
Reference Text Books:

1. Manufacturing Engineering and Technology, Serope Kalpakjian and steven R. Schmid.Ed. 4,
Person publications. 2001.
2. Metrology and Measurement, Anand Bewoor, Vinay A. Kulkarni, TMH. 2009.
3. Principles of Engineering Metrology, R. Rahendra, JAICO publications, 2008.
References:
1. Fundamentals of Dimensional Metrology, 4e, Connie Dotson, Thomson, 2003.
2. Surface engineering with Lasers/ Dehosson J.T.
3. Surface engineering for corrosion and wear resistance / JR Davis / Wood head publishers.
4. Precision Engineering and Manufacturing / R.L. Murty / Newage publications, 2009.
LECTURE PLAN
Hole and Shaft Basis system
CHALK & TALK
Diagram for F.D , Tolerance

systems
I.S System, B.S System
CHALK & TALK
Problems
CHALK & TALK
Interchangeability, and Selective

Assembly
CHALK & TALK
Total
10
UNIT- II: LINEAR MEASUREMENT
S.NO
Name of the topic
No of
periods
Teaching
methodology
Length standard(Meter & Yard)
CHALK & TALK
Line & End standard, Slip gauges
CHALK & TALK
10
Micrometer & Dial indicator
CHALK & TALK
11
Measurement of Angles & Tapers

Sine bar, Bevel Protractor, angle
slip gauges
CHALK & TALK
12
Bevel protractor, spirit level
CHALK & TALK
13
Rollers and tapers
CHALK & TALK
14
Gauges
Go & No Go Gauges, Taylors
Principle of
Gauge design. Ring, plug, snap &
gap gauges
CHALK & TALK
15
problems
CHALK & TALK
Total
Resource
books
10
UNIT- III: OPTICAL MEASURING INSTRUMENTS

S.NO
Name of the topic
No of
periods
Teaching
methodology
Resource
books
16
Optical measuring Instruments
CHALK & TALK
17
Principle of Interferometry, Optical

flats
CHALK & TALK
18
Various types of Interferometers
CHALK & TALK
19
Tool makers Microscope & its uses
CHALK & TALK
20
Flat surface measurement Flatness

measurement using Interferometer
CHALK & TALK
21
Straight edge .surface plate &

optical flat
CHALK & TALK
22
Autocollimator
CHALK & TALK
23
Michelson interferometer
CHALK & TALK
Total
11
UNIT- IV: SURFACE ROUGHNESS MEASUREMENT

S.NO
Name of the topic
No of
periods
Teaching
methodology
24
Surface Roughness & Waviness

.assessment of surface
CHALK & TALK
25
Roughness - CLA Method, R.M.S

Value, Rz Value Method
CHALK & TALK
26
Instruments: Profilograph,
Talysurf .IS 1 Symbol for surface
Finish
CHALK & TALK
27
Problems
CHALK & TALK
Total
Resource
books
UNIT-V: MEASUREMENT THROUGH COMPARATORS

S.NO
Name of the topic
No of
periods
Teaching
methodology
28
Comparator and its uses, different

types
CHALK & TALK
29
Mechanical comparators - SIGMA,

REED, TOMILSON
CHALK & TALK
30
Electrical and Electronic

comparator
CHALK & TALK
31
Pneumatic comparators- Back

pressure type, flow type
CHALK & TALK
Resource
books
32
Solex pneumatic gauge
Total
CHALK & TALK
7
UNIT- VI: SCREW THREAD MEASUREMENT
S.NO
Name of the topic
No of
periods
Teaching
methodology
33
Nomenclature of Screw thread.

Various types of threads
CHALK & TALK
34
Errors in screw thread, Elements of

measurement
CHALK & TALK
35
Measurement of effective dia of

Internal And External thread
CHALK & TALK
36
Major and Minor dia measurement

of Internal and External Thread
CHALK & TALK
37
Measurement of profile of thread
CHALK & TALK
38
Measurement of thread pitch and

angle
CHALK & TALK
Total
Resource
books
7
UNIT- VII: SURFACE ENGINEERING
S.NO
Name of the topic
No of
periods
Teaching
methodology
39
Surface texture and its properties
CHALK & TALK
40
Surface cleaning techniques
CHALK & TALK
41
Surface integrity, Wear

Measurement
CHALK & TALK
42
Lubricants and selection of

lubricants
CHALK & TALK
43
Corrosion and remedial measures
CHALK & TALK
44
Laser application
CHALK & TALK
Total
Resource
books
UNIT- VIII: SURFACE TREATMENTS

S.NO
Name of the topic
No of
periods
Teaching
methodology
45
Mechanical surface treatment and

coating
CHALK & TALK
46
Case Hardening and surface

coating
CHALK & TALK
47
Thermal spraying & vapour

deposition
CHALK & TALK
48
Diffusion coatings, electroplating,

electro forming
CHALK & TALK
49
Diamond and ceramic coatings
CHALK & TALK
Total
Resource
books
METROLOGY AND SURFACE ENGINEERING

>
After completing this unit the student should be able to
>
Define Tolerance, Allowance Limits and Fits.
>
Differentiate between Hole basis and Shaft basis system
>
Explain about I.S System, B.S System, & ISO System
>
Explain about interchangeability & selective assembly.
UNIT II
_____________________LINEAR MEASUREMENT________________________
>
After completing this unit the student should be able to Define
>
Linear Measurement, Yard and Meter standard
>
Line and end standard
>
Explain about slip gauges & calibration of slip gauges
>
Explain the working & uses of dial indicator & micrometer

>
Measurement of angles and tapers: Measure angles using bevel protractor, angle slip
gauges, spirit level, and sine bar & sine plate
>
Should be able to measure tapers using rollers & spheres.
>
Limit gauges: After completing this unit the student should
>
Explain the Taylors principle of gauge design
>
Explain the various types of gauges such as plug, ring

position gauges
UNIT III
UNIT I
be able
snap,
to
gap, taper and
OPTICAL MEASURING INSTRUMENTS

>
>
Define The principle of Interferometry
>
Explain the working of various Interferometers
>
Explain the working & uses of toolmakers microscope
>
Explain the application & uses of collimator & optical flats
>
Should be able to explain &use straight edge & surface plate
UNIT IV
______________SURFACE ROUGHNESS MEASUREMENT_________________
>
>
Differentiate between roughness and waviness
>
Calculate the surface roughness value using C.L.A method, R.M.S method and ten point
methods
>
Should be able to explain the working of talysurf & profilograph in measuring surface finish
>
Explain the working of mechanical comparators like Sigma, Reed etc, electrical and
electronic comparator, and pneumatic comparator
UNITV
____________MEASUREMENT THROUGH COMPARATORS________________

>
Explain about various screw thread forms
>
Define the various elements in the screw thread profile
>
Define the various errors in the screw threads.

>
Write about various methods of measuring effective diameter of external and internal
threads
>
Explain how pitch of the thread can be measured
>
Explain about profile thread gauge
UNIT VI
_________________SCREW THREAD MEASUREMENT____________________
>
Explain about various screw thread forms
>
Define the various elements in the screw thread profile
>
Define the various errors in the screw threads.

>
Write about various methods of measuring effective diameter of external and internal
threads
>
Explain how pitch of the thread can be measured
>
Explain about profile thread gauge
UNIT VII
_____________________SURFACE ENGINEERING_______________________
>
Explain the various Gear measuring instruments,
>
Explain how various elements of gear tooth profile can be measured
>
Explain how diameter, pitch pressure angle &tooth thickness can be measured.
>
Explain the different types of CMM & its applications
UNIT VIII SURFACE TREATMENTS
>
>
Explain the necessity of surface treatment process

Define and explain the various surface treatment processes like overlay coatings, diffusion
coatings, thermal or mechanical modification of surfaces.
DYNAMICS OF MACHINERY
Course Objective:
In this period of modern technological development one cant deny the importance of various
machines and machine components. Machines and machine components are used in very small
scale industrial units like road side flour mills, general purpose engineering workshop to complex
applications like aviation, nuclear, oil refineries etc . In all these applications the fundamental parts
are machine components that are assembled together for a specific engineering purpose. The
relative position of different links (i.e. parts of engineering machine for example I.C engine piston
and connecting rod) the size and shape of different links will dictate the relative motion of the parts.
Which in turn affects the output of an engine or machine? This subject of dynamics of machines
essentially deals with different forces acting on the machine (including inertial forces) and their
effect on the machine components.
This subject is divided in to eight units.
First unit deals with the concept of gyroscopic couple which is useful in confirming the stability of 2wheeler, 4-wheeler automobiles, aero planes, ship etc. This simple concept of gyroscope is used in
making the satellite to revolve round the earth in a fixed orbit, pistols used for precessional aiming
of targets etc.
Unit II & III deals with analysis and synthesis of mechanism. Synthesis of mechanism requires
determining the lengths of various links that satisfy the requirement of displacements , velocities
and accelerations of various links of a machine. Both analysis and synthesis are useful in obtaining
desired relative motion for a specific engineering purpose like motion of automobile, operations of
lathe machine etc.
Unit IV deals with brakes, clutches and dynamometer. Brakes and clutches are the necessary
components found in automobiles. In this chapter different types of brakes and clutches and
calculation of frictional torque requirements etc. are dealt. Different types of transmission and
absorption dynamometers are discussed.
Fly wheel is the general component found in I.C. engine. It acts as a reservoir of energy by virtue of
inertia. It absorbs the energy when engine is providing more energy and gives out energy to engine
whenever it is required. Computation moment of inertia of flywheel, rim dimensions etc for a given
fluctuation of energy and speed are dealt in this chapter. Flywheel for a punch press is also
discussed.
One of the important components of I.C. engine is governors. Governors are useful in nullifying
speed fluctuation caused by variation of load. Different types of governors are discussed in this unit.
In every machine, the basic concern is vibrations. The goal of every design engineer is to minimize
the vibrations. Major cause of vibrations is imbalance. These two aspects are covered in unit VII
and unit VIII .Unit VII concentrates on different methods of balancing of multi cylinder in line engine
and v-engines
Unit VIII concentrates on different types of vibrations i.e. longitudinal, transverse and torsional
vibrations and methods of determining natural frequency. Vibration isolation and transmissibility are
also discussed in this unit.
To summarise, studying dynamics of machines is highly useful to us in analyzing the forces acting
on different machine parts and effective utilization of these forces while minimizing the magnitude of
unwanted forces. Basics of engineering mechanics are essential to solve the problems. This subject
consists of 80% numerical problems and 20% theory. This subject will sufficiently ignite the
analytical capabilities of mechanical engineering students.
Text Books:
T1 - Theory of Machines S.S RATTAN
T2 - Theory of Machines R. S. Kurmi T3- Theory of Machines Thomas Bevan T4- Theory
of Machines Jagadish Lai Syllabus:
____________________
U N I T-I PRECESSION:
Gyroscopes, effect of precession motion on the stability of moving vehicles such as motor car,
motor cycle, aero planes and ships.
UNIT-II: STATIC AND DYNAMIC FORCE ANALYSIS OF PLANAR MECHANISMS:

Introduction - Free body diagrams - conditions for equilibrium - Two, three and four force and D.
Alemberts principle - planar rotation about a fixed center.
UNIT-III: SYNTHESIS OF LINKAGES:

Three position synthesis - Four position synthesis - precision positions - Structural error Chebychevs spacing. Freudenteins Equation, problems.
UNIT-IV: CLUTHES:
Friction clutches - single Disc or plate clutch. Multiple Disc clutch, cone clutch, centrifugal clutch.
BRAKES AND DYNAMOMETERS:

Simple block brakes, internal expanding brake, band brake of vehicle. Dynamometers - absorption
and transmission types. General descriptions and methods of operations.
UNIT-V: TURNING MOMENT DIAGRAM AND FLY WHEELS:

Turning moment - Inertia Torque connecting rod angular velocity and acceleration, crank effort and
torque diagrams - Fluctuation of energy - Fly wheels and their design.
UNIT- VI: GOVERNERS:

Watt, Porter and Proell governers. Spring loaded governers - Hartnell and Hurting with auxiliary
springs. Sensitiveness, isochronisms and hunting.
LECTU UNIT-1 : P RE PLAN RECESSION

S.NO
UNIT- VII: Topic

BALANCING :
Mode of Teaching Video Lectures &

No of
periods
Text Books
Balancing of rotating masses single and multiple - single and different planes. Balancing of
1
Chalk andoftalk
Introduction
& importance
of subject
Reciprocating
Masses.
Primary and secondary
balancing
Reciprocating Masses. Analytical and
graphical methods - Unbalanced forces

- balancing of V,
cylinder in line and
1 and couples
Linkmulti
1, 2&3
Precessional angular motion
Chalk & talk, Video
.Gyroscopic
couple for primary secondary balancing, locomotive
Animation
radial engines
balancing.
1
Chalk
and talk
--do
Gyroscopic stabilization of aeroplane &
numerical problems
UNIT-stabilization
VIII: VIBRATION:
1
--do
Gyroscopic
of ship Chalk and talk, NPTEL
steering
.pitching
Scrolling
&numerical
Free
vibration
of mass
attached to vertical spring - simple problems on forced damped vibration.
problems
Vibration
Isolation
& Transmissibility
- whirling
of shafts,
critical
2
Chalk and
talkspeeds, torsional
--do vibrations, two and
Gyroscopic
effect
on 4-wheeler
&
3
4
5
6
7
numerical
threeproblems
rotor systems.
Gyroscopic effect on 2wheeler, angle
heel & numerical problems
numerical problems.
Total
Chalk and talk
--do
Chalk and talk
--do
UNIT-II : STATIC AND DYNAMIC FORCE ANALYSIS OF PLANAR

MECHANISMS
Topic
No
of
periods
Introduction to static & Dynamic force

analysis-Free body diagrams
Chalk and talk
Video
Lectures &
Text Books
Link 2
Conditions for equilibrium,static

equilibrium
Equilibrium of 2,3,&4 force members
Chalk and talk
--do
Chalk and talk
10
Mode of
Teaching
11
Problems
12
Problems
13
Superposition method of Force

analysis
Inertia forces and D Alemberts
principle
Problems
14
15
--do
Chalk and talk
--do
Chalk and talk
--do
Chalk and talk
--do
Total
8
UNIT-III : SYNTHESIS OF LINKAGES
Topic
No of
Mode of Teaching
periods
S.NO
16
Chalk and talk
Three position synthesis-4 bar chain

-relative pole method & Inversion
method
Three position synthesis-Slider Crank
Chain-relative pole method & Inversion
method
Problems
Chalk and talk, LCD
Chalk and talk, LCD
Chalk and talk, LCD
20
Chebychev
spacing
.precision
position,& structural error
Derivation of Freudensteins equation
Chalk and talk
21
Problems
Chalk and talk
17
18
19
Total
Video
Lectures &
Text Books
UNIT-IV : BRAKES, CLUTCHES & DYNAMOMETERS

S.NO
Topic
No
of Mode of Teaching
periods
22
Simple block brake-problems
Chalk and talk, LCD
23
Double block brake & problems
Chalk and talk, LCD
24
Band brake-simple & differential and

problems
Block and band brake -Numerical
problem
Internal expanding shoe brake &
problem
Clutch-Plate clutch-single & multi plate
& numerical problem
Conical clutch & numerical problem
Centrifugal clutch &numerical problem
Chalk and talk, LCD
Chalk and talk, LCD
Chalk and talk,

Animation
Chalk & talk, Video
Animation
Chalk and talk & LCD
25
26
27
28
1
2
Video
Lectures &
Text Books
29
1
Dynamometer application, different
Chalk and talk, Slides
types and their working
Total
9
UNIT-V : TURNING MOMENT DIAGRAM AND FLY WHEELS
S.NO
Topic
No of
periods
Mode of Teaching
30
Flywheel, turning moment diagram for

double acting steam engine, 4-stroke
I.C. engine, multi cylinder engine.
Chalk & talk,

Animation
31
Co-efficient of fluctuation of speed,

Coefficient of fluctuation of energy
&numerical problems
Numerical problems
Chalk and talk
--do
Dimensions of flywheel rim &

numerical problems
Flywheel for a punch press &
Numerical problems
Total
--do
-do
Chalk and talk, LCD
-do
32
33
34
Video
Lectures &
Text Books
Link3,
-do
UNIT-VI : GOVERNORS
S.NO
Topic
No of
periods
35
36
Governor-function-Watt Governors &

Numerical problem
Porter Governor- Numerical problem
Chalk & talk,

Animation
-do
37
Proell Governor- Numerical problems
-do
-do
38
Hartnell Governor-Numerical Problems
-do
-do
39
Wilson Hartnell Governor - Numerical

problems
Effect, power, controlling force &
stability of Governor, coefficient of
insensitiveness
Total
-do
-do
40
Mode of
Teaching
Video
Lectures &
Text Books
Link3
-do
Chalk and talk
-do
Mode of
Teaching
Video
Lectures &
Text Books
Link3
UNIT-VII : BALANCING
S.NO
41
Topic
Balancing of rotating masses(static

balancing)&
No
of
periods
1
Chalk & talk,

NPTEL
numerical problems
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
Balancing of rotating masses in

different planes(dynamic balancing)
numerical problems.
Partial balancing of reciprocating
masses
Effect of partial balancing of
reciprocating masses. Variation in
Tractive force, swaying couple,
Hammer blow
Numerical problems
Chalk and talk,

NPTEL
do
Chalk &talk, NPTEL
Link3
Chalk &talk, NPTEL
-do
Balancing of multi-cylinder-in-line
engine
Balancing of V-engine
Chalk &talk, NPTEL
-do
Chalk &talk, NPTEL
-do
Direct & reverse crank method

1
Total
11
UNIT-VIII : VIBRATION
Chalk &talk
-do
S.NO
Topic
No of
periods
Mode of Teaching
49
Vibration: Types of Vibration. Natural

frequency of free longitudinal vibration.
Chalk &talk, NPTEL
Video
Lectures &
Text Books
Link3
50
Fundamental frequency of free

transverse and torsional vibration
Numerical problems
Chalk &talk, NPTEL
-do
Transverse vibrations-Dunkerleys
formulas & numerical problems
Critical speed or whirling speed &
numerical problems
Forced vibrations, magnification factor
Chalk &talk, NPTEL
-do
Chalk &talk, NPTEL
-do
Chalk and talk, LCD
-do
Torsional vibration-2 rotor system &

numerical problems
Torsional vibration-3 rotor system &
numerical problems
Torsional vibration- Geared system &
numerical problems
Total
Chalk &talk, NPTEL
-do
Chalk &talk, NPTEL
-do
Chalk &talk, NPTEL
-do
10
TOTAL PERIODS REQUIRED
69
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
After completing this unit, the student should be able to:
>
Compute the gyroscopic couple in different practical situation
>
Apply the effect of Gyroscopic couple on aero plane ,ship, Four wheeler and motor cycle
>
Apply the gyroscopic couple principle to other practical situations
UNIT II
STATIC AND DYNAMIC FORCE ANALYSIS OF PLANAR
MECHANISMS
______________
_____________
STATIC AND DYNAMIC FORCE ANALYSIS OF PLANAR MECHANISMS: After completing this unit,
the student should be able to:
>
Draw free body diagrams of machine components i.e the links of a mechanism
>
State the conditions for equilibrium
>
Perform static analysis of forces on 3 and 4 member components
>
State DAlemberts Principle and apply it.
>
State super position theorem and apply it to system of forces acting on a mechanism.
>
Perform dynamic analysis of single slider crank chain
UNIT III
__________SYNTHESIS OF LINKAGES___________
After completing this unit, the student should be able to:
>
write about various methods of synthesis like relative pole method, Inversion method etc
>
Perform synthesis of 4 bar chain , single slider crank chain
>
State and derive freudensteins equation
>
Calculate the link lengths using freudenstein equation
>
Write about precision position and structural error.
UNIT I PRECESSION
UNIT IV CLUTCHS BRAKES AND DYNAMOMETERS
After completion of the unit the students must be able to:
>
State the purpose and function of clutch. Working of various clutches like single disc clutch,
multiple disc clutch, cone clutch and centrifugal clutch.
>
Draw the sketches of different types of clutches
>
Calculate the torque and power transmitted by clutches
>
State the function of brakes and list out different types of brakes.
>
Draw the sketches of different types of brakes.

>
Write the working of different types of brakes like block brake, band brake ,and internal
expanding shoe brake.
>
Select proper material for brakes according to the need.
>
Calculate the braking torque required for different types of brakes.
>
State the application of different types of brakes

>
calculate the distance travelled by the automobile before coming to rest after application of
the brakes (both on plane roads and inclined roads)
>
Derive the equation for retardation, normal reaction between ground and wheels during
braking of vehicle.
>
State the use of dynamometer.
>
List out the different types of Dynamometer.

>
Draw the sketches of different dynamometers and write the working principle and their
suitability to different application.
UNITV FLYWHEELS
>
Draw the turning moment diagram of various engines (4-stroke, steam engine).
>
Distinguish maximum torque and mean torque.
>
Write the function of flywheel in an engine.

>
Define the terms fluctuation of energy, co-efficient of fluctuation of energy, coefficient of

fluctuation of speed.
>
Able to calculate the fluctuation of speed, energy etc in engines
>
Should be able to calculate mass and dimensions of the flywheel.
>
State application of Flywheel.
>
Distinguish between flywheel for an engine and flywheel for a punch press.
>
Write the function of flywheel in a punch press.
UNIT VI
______________GOVERNORS______________
>
>
State the function of governor in an engine
>
Write the applications of governors
>
Write the classification of centrifugal governors
>
List out different types of governors.
>
Draw the sketches of different governors
>
Distinguish between porter, proell, hartnell, watt and hartung governor
Determine the relation between the height of the governor and the angular speed of the balls
>
>
Define effort and power of a governor.
Determine the equation for calculating the effort and power of porter, proell, spring controlled
governor
>
>
determine the range of speeds of operation of different governors
define and distinguish about sensitiveness, Stability .Hunting , and Isochronous governors
UNIT VII
______________BALANCING______________
>
Write the causes and consequences of unbalanced forces in machines with rotating masses.
>
>
Compute the unbalanced force and couples
Distinguish between method of balancing of rotating masses in a single plane (Static

balancing) and balancing of rotating masses in different planes (Dynamic balancing).
>
Calculate the magnitude, location and distances of the balancing masses required in single
plane & multi plane problems
>
State different application where balancing of rotating masses is needed.
>
Write the difficulty in balancing of reciprocating masses and method of balancing

reciprocating masses.
>
Determine the balancing masses for engines involving reciprocating masses.
>
Define the terms primary and secondary unbalanced forces in reciprocating masses
>
Write the necessity of partial balancing of reciprocating masses and effect of partial
balancing.
>
Define the equations for unbalanced primary forces and couples, secondary forces and
couples partial balancing of primary force in reciprocating engine
>
Primary and secondary balancing of reciprocating masses
>
Define the terms swaying couple, Hammer blow variation in traction force and derive the
equation.
>
Calculate the unbalanced forces and couples in inline and radial engines
>
Compute balancing masses for multi-cylinder in-line, Radial engine, V-engine.
>
Derive the equations for balancing of radial engines.
>
Determine balancing masses by direct and reverse crank method.
UNIT VIII
______________VIBRATIONS______________
>
Distinguish free, forced , and damped vibrations

>
Determine the natural frequency of free and forced transverse and longitudinal vibrations
>
Explain about critical speeds and resonance
>
Calculate the critical speeds of shafts.
>
Determine the torsionally equivalent shaft.

>
Determine the natural frequency of torsional vibrations of two rotar,three rotar and geared
system.
MACHINE TOOLS
Course objective
Machine tools is one of the important subject in mechanical engineering faculty, not only in
educational institutional, but it has very much of importance in industrial domain. Without a machine
tool, there is no industry.
A source of power is always needed in various workshop processes particularly in cutting and
forming of metal in a machine tool. In the metal-working industry work pieces of most different
shapes and dimensions and of different materials are worked. In every industry we need shaping of
materials. This shaping of materials is done by either non-cutting process or cutting process. For
example forging, pressing, drawing, etc are non-cutting shaping processes. Turning, drilling, mailing
etc are comes under cutting shaping operations. The process of metal cutting in which chip is
formed is affected by relative motion between the work piece and the hard edge of a cutting tool
held against the work piece. Such relative motion is produced by combination of rotary and
translating movements either of work piece or the cutting tool or of both.
Machining process also include other processes like grinding, slotting, shaping, honing, planning,
lapping, and broaching operations.
After completion of the machine tools course, students can be able to identify various applications
of different tools, can be able to differentiate various tools for different machining operations, and
also they can be able to solve many industrial problems regarding machine tools. And also as the
kinematics of machines studied, students can be able to design various machine tools for various
machines.
Text Books:
1.
Production Technology by R.K.Jain and S.C Gupta
2.
Production Technology by HMT(Hindustan Machine Tools)------------------------T2
References:
T1
___________________________
1. Machine tools- C.EIancghezhian and M.Vijayan/Amerada agencies publishers.

2. Workshop technology -B.S. Rachu vamshi-vlo II
3. Elements of workshop technology, volume II Machine Tools byS.KHajra Choudhary,

A.K Hajra choudhary, NirjharRoy
4. Machine Tools by P.C Sharma
Syllabus:
______________________________
Unit -1:
Elementary treatment of metal cutting theory- Element of cutting process-Geometry of single point
tool and angles, chip formation and types of chips-built up edge and its effects on chip breakers.
Mechanics of orthogonal cutting - Merchants Force diagram, cutting forces- cutting speeds, feed,
depth of cut, tool life, coolants, machinability- Tool materials. Kinematic schemes of machine toolsconstructional features of speed gear box and feed gear box.
UNIT-II:
Engine lathe - principle of working, specification of lathe-types of lathe-work holders tool holdersBox tools, taper turning thread turning -for lathes and attachments. Turret and capstan lathes-collet
chucks-other work holders-tool holding devices-box and tool layout. Principal features of automatic
lathes-classification-single spindle and multi-spindle automatic lathes -tool layout and cam design.
UNIT-III:
Shaping, slotting and planning machines-principles or working -principal parts - specification
classification. Operations performed. Kinematic schemes of the shaping slotting and planning
machines, machining time calculations.
UNIT-IV:
UNIT-1: ELEMENTARY TREATMENT OF METAL CUTTING THEORY

S.No
01
Name of
the Topic
of
Teaching
Resourc
Drilling and boring
machinesprinciples of working,No
specifications,
types, operations
performedperiod
methodolog
es
tool holding devices-twist, drill-boring machines-fine boring machines-jig boring machine. Deep
s
y
hole drilling machine. Kinematics scheme of the drilling and boring machines.
Element of cutting process
03
Chalk, talk
T3, R4
02
UNIT- ofV:single point cutting tool

Geometry
02
T1 T2,T3
Milling machine- principles of working - specifications - classification of milling machines-principal

features of horizontal , vertical and universal milling machines- machining operations types
geometry of milling cutters- milling cutters- methods of indexing- accessories to milling machines,
kinematic scheme of milling cutters- milling cutters-methods of indexing.
UNIT- VI:
Grinding machine-fundamental theory of grinding -classification of grinding machine- cylindrical and
surface grinding machine-tool and cutter grinding machine-special types of grinding machinesdifferent types of abrasives-bonds specification of a grinding wheel and location of a grinding wheel
- kinematic scheme of grinding machines.
UNIT- VII:
Lapping, honing and broaching machines-comparison to grinding-lapping and honing, kinematics
scheme o lapping, honing and broaching machines. Constructional features of speed and feed
units, machining time calculations.
UNIT- VIII:
Principles of design of jigs and fixtures and uses, Classification of jigs and fixtures- principles of
location and clamping - types or clamping and work holding devices. Typical examples of jigs and
fixtures.
03
Merchants force diagram
01
((
T1 &T3
04
Cutting forces
01
it
T1, T3
05
Kinematics of machine tools
01
it
T1 &T3
LECTURE PLAN:
Total
10
UNIT- II: LATHE MACHINE
S.No
Name of the Topic
No of
periods
Teaching
methodology
Resource
Chalk, talk &

OHP
T1 &T3
06
Engine lathe
02
07
Turret and capstan lathe
02
T1 &T3
08
Single and multi spindle automatic lathes
02
T1 &T3
Total
10
UNIT- III:
S.No
Name of the Topic
Teaching
No
of
methodology
periods
Resource
s
09
Shaping and slotting machines
03
((
T1 &T3
10
Kinematics of slotting and shaping machines
02
it
T1, T2,T3
Total
10
UNIT- IV:
S.No
Name of the Topic
No of
periods
Teaching
methodology
Resource
s
11
Drilling and boring machines
03
T1 &T3
12
Specifications
02
T1 &T3
13
Kinematics of drilling and boring machines
02
T1 &T3
Teaching
methodology
Resource
Total
10
UNIT-V:
S.No
Name of the Topic
No of
periods
14
Milling machine
02
T1 &T3
15
Various types of milling machines
02
T1, T2,T3
16
Milling cutters
02
T1 &T3
17
Kinematics of milling cutters
02
T1, T2,T3
Total
10
UNIT- VI:
S.No
Name of the Topic
No of
periods
Teaching
methodology
Resource
s
18
Grinding machines
02
T1 &T2
19
Special types of grinding machines
02
T1 &T3
20
Abrasive bonds
02
T1 &T3
21
Kinematics of grinding machines
02
T1 &T3
>
Its working principle
>
Principle parts
>
Specifications
>
Kinematic schemes of shaping and planning machines
>
Machining time calculations.

Planning machine:
>
Its working principle
>
Principle parts
>
Specifications
>

^Machining
time calculations. TREATMENT OF METAL CUTTING THEORY
UNIT I ELEMENTARY
UNIT-IV
________DRILLING AND BORING MACHINES

Learning Objectives
Learning objectives:
After completion of the unit students can be able to describe the following:
After completion of this unit, Student can be able to list out the following:
>
>
Different types of lathe machines

Drilling machine:
Taper turning and thread cutting attachments
Total
Work holders
>
UNIT- lathes
VII:
Single spindle and multi spindle automatic
>
Principal features of automatic lathes.

Name of the Topic
>
S.No
UNIT- III SHAPING

22
23
24
22
10
Teaching
Resource
No of
methodology
periods
SLOTTING AND
PLANING MACHINESs
Lapping, honing, and broaching machines

Boring machine:
Kinematics of lapping, honing, broaching machines
02
T1 &T3
02
T1, T2,T3
After completion of this unit, Student can be able to describe the following:
02
Constructional features and machining time calculations
Shaping machine:
Lapping, honing, and broaching machines
> Its working principle
Total
> Principle parts
>
Specifications
>
>
Machining time calculations.

Slotting machine :
02
10
T1 &T3
T1 &T3
UNIT- VIII:
S.No
Name of the Topic
No of
periods
Teaching
methodology
Resource
s
25
Jigs and fixtures
02
T1, T2,T3
26
Principles of location and clamping
03
T1 &T2
27
Clamping devics
02
T1, T2,T3
25
Jigs and fixtures
02
T1, T2,T3
Total
10
After completion of this unit, Student can be able to state the following:
Milling machine:
>
Working principles
>
Specifications
>
Classifications of milling machines
>
Different milling cutters
>
Methods of indexing
>
Kinematic scheme of milling cutters
UNIT-VI GRINDING MACHINE
After completion of this unit, Student can be able to explain the following:
>
Grinding machine:
>
Theory of grinding
>
Special types of grinding machine
>
Different types of abrasives
>
Kinematics of grinding machines
UNIT-VI I
_____LAPPING, HONING AND BROACHING MACHINE_______

After completion of this unit, Student can be able to compare and contrast the following:
>
>
Working principle of Lapping, honing and broaching machines

>
Comparison between Lapping, honing and broaching machines to grinding machine
>
Constructional features of speed and feed units of Lapping, honing and broaching machines
Machining time calculations
UNIT-V MILLING MACHINE
UNIT-VIII PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN OF JIGS AND FIXTURES
After completion of this unit, Student can be able to list out the following:
Jigs and fixtures:
>
Uses of jigs and fixtures
>
Classifications
>
Principle of design
>
Principle location and clamping
>
Work holding devices
Design of Machine Members -1

COURSE OBJECTIVE
The primary objective of this course is to demonstrate how engineering design uses the many
principles learned in previous engineering science courses and to show how these principles
are practically applied.
The emphasis in this course is on machine design: the design and creation of devices that
consist of interrelated components used to modify force and/or motion. The students will be
presented with design challenges. The type of design addressed in this course is that of
detailed design, which is to define the shape, size and material of a particular machine element
such that it will not fail under the expected load and operating conditions. .
By the end of the course, each student should be able to:
Define failure for a machine element

Decide on an appropriate failure model, and
Design an appropriate machine element using:
Allowable load (under the given operating conditions),
Required element life, and
Manufacturing considerations
Text Books:
Bolted Joints- Design of bolts with pre stresses- Design of joints under eccentric loading- bolt of
uniform of strength, cylinder cover joints.
T1. Design of Machine Elements - V B Bhandari, TMH Publishers
Unit V: Axially Loaded Joints
T2. Machine Design- S MD Jalaludin, AnuRadha Publishers
Keys, Cotters And Knuckle joints: Design of Keys- stresses in keys, cottered joints- spigot and
T3. Machine Design by R. S. Khurmi, S. Chand Pubications
socket, sleeve and cotter, jib and cotter joints, Knuckle joints.
T4. Design of Machine Elements/VM Faires
Unit VI: Design of Shafts
T5. Machine Design - Pandya and Shah

Shafts: Design of solid and hollow shafts for strength and rigidity, deign of shafts for combines
_____________________________
bending and axial loads, shaft sizes - BIS code- Design of shaft for a gear and belt drives.
Syllabus:
Unit I: Introduction to design
Unit VII: Shaft Coupling
Introduction: General considerations in design of engineering materials and their properties Shaft Couplings: Rigid Couplings- Muff, Split muff and flange couplings, flexible couplings - pinselection - manufacturing consideration in design. Tolerances and fits, BIS code of steels.
bush coupling (modified)
Stresses in Machine members: Simple stresses- combined stresses- torsional and bending
Unit VIII: Mechanical Springs
stresses, stress strain relations, static theories of failure, factor of safety, Design for strength
and rigidity,Springs:
preferredStresses
numbers.
concept of stiffness
in tension,
bending,Compression
torsion and
Mechanical
andThe
deflections
Helical springsExtensioncombined
situations
springsSprings
for fatigue loading- natural frequency of helical springs- Energy storage
capacity- helical torsion springs- Coaxial springs
Unit II: Fatigue

LECTURE
PLANLoading
Strength of Machine Elements: Stress concentration, theoretical stress concentration factorFatigue stress concentration factor, notch sensitivity, design for fluctuating stresses, Endurance
limit, estimation of endurance Strength- fatigue theories of failure -Goodman and Soderberg.
Unit III: Riveted and welded joints

Riveted Joints: modes of failure of riveted joints- strength equations- efficiency of riveted jointsdesign of boiler joints- eccentrically loaded riveted joints.
Welded joints: Design of fillet welds- axial loads- Circular fillet welds - bending & torsion Eccentrically loaded welded joints.
UNIT-1: INTRODUCTION TO DESIGN

S.No
Unit IV: Bolted

Joints
Name of
the Topic
Introduction to Design and Design I
No of
periods
Teaching
methodology
Resource
s
Chalk & Talk
T-1
General Design procedure
Chalk & Talk
T-1
Design procedure of a Machine element
Chalk & Talk
T-1
Preferred numbers
Chalk & Talk
T-1
Different type of standards
Chalk & Talk
T-1
Engg. Materials and their properties
Exhibits, Chalk T-1

& Talk
FOS and simple stresses in bending and torsion
Theories of failures
Total
T-1, T-2
Models,
Diagrams, Chalk
& Talk
Chalk & Talk
T-3
11
UNIT- II: FATIGUE LOADING
S.No
Name of the Topic
No of
periods
Teaching
methodology
Resource
s
Stress concentration factor and methods to reduce it
T-1, T-3
10
Notch sensitivity factor
Graphs,
Diagrams,
Chalk & Talk
Chalk & Talk
11
Endurance Limit and the factors on which it depends
12
Gerber line, soderberg line and Goodamns line
13
Modified Goodman line diagram

Total
1
6
T-3
Graphs,
Model,
Group
activity
Chalk & Talk
T-1
Chalk & Talk
T-1
No of
periods
Teaching
methodology
Resource
s
Models, chalk
& Talk
Models, Chalk
& Talk
Chalk & Talk
T-3
T-1
UNIT- III: RIVETED & WELD ED JOINTS

S.No
Name of the Topic
14
Riveted joints
15
Welded joints
16
Problems related to riveted and welded joints
Total
T-1
T-1, T-2, T3
UNIT- IV: BOLTED JOINTS

S.No
Name of the Topic
No of
periods
Teaching
methodology
Resource
s
17
Bolted joints introduction and comparison with other

joints
T-1, T-3
18
Bolted joints subjected to different types of stresses
Exhibits,
group
activity
Chalk & Talk
19
20
Bolted joints subjected to eccentric loading

Problems related to bolted joints
1
1
Chalk& Talk
Chalk & Talk
T-3
T-1
T-, T-2, T3
Total
UNIT- V: AXIALLY LOADE D JOINTS

S.No
21
22
Name of the Topic
No
of Teaching
methodology
periods
1
Models,
Types of keys and stresses induced in key elements
Brainstorm in
g, Chalk &
Talk
Spigot and cotter joint
1
Graphs, chalk
23
Sleeve and cotter joint
24
Gib and cotter joint
25
Knuckle joint
26
Problems related to joints
Total
& Talk
Graphs, chalk
& Talk
Graphs, chalk
& Talk
Graphs, chalk
& Talk
Chalk & Talk
Resource
s
T-1 ,T-3
T-3, T-1
T-3, T-1
T-3, T-1
T-3, T-1
T-1, T-2 &
T-3
10
UNIT- VI: DESIGN OF S HAFTS

S.No
Name of the Topic
No of
periods
Teaching
methodology
Resource
s
T-3
T-1 ,T2, T-3
27
Types of Shafts and its design based on strength
28
29
30
Shafts based on Rigidity

Shafts subjected to combined loads
Design of hollow shafts subjected to different loads
1
1
1
Models, chalk
& Talk,
Explains
Chalk & Talk
Chalk & Talk
Chalk & Talk
31
Problems related to shafts
Chalk & Talk
Total
T-3
T-3
T-3
10
UNIT- VII: SHAFT COUPLINGS

S.No
Name of the Topic
No of
periods
Teaching
methodology
32
Types of couplings and design of simple muff

coupling
Models, Chalk &

Talk,
33
34
Design of clamp muff coupling

Design of protected type rigid coupling
Design of Bushed pin type flexible coupling
Problems related coupling
1
1
1
2
Chalk & Talk

Chalk & Talk
Chalk & Talk
35
36
Total
Chalk &
Talk,
Explains,
Resource
s
T-3
T-3
T-3
T-3
T-1 ,T2,T3
10
UNIT-VIII: MECHANICAL SPRINGS

S.No
37
38
Name of the Topic
Springs -types,
Helical springs- stresses induced in springs
No of
periods
1
2
Teaching
methodology
Models,
Explains
Models,
Explains
Resource
s
T-1, T-3
T-2
39
Compression springs & Energy stored in springs
40
41
Coaxial Springs
Problems related to Springs
1
2
Models,
Explains
Explains
Chalk & Talk
T-2
T-2
T-, T-2,
T3
Total
10
Learning Objectives
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO DESIGN
At the end of this lesson, the learner should be able to

>
Determine the required size of a bolt and a nut which are subjected to different type of
Learning
Objectives
stresses
like tensile and shear.
>
Evaluate strength of bolts when the joint is subjected to eccentric loading

>
List the sequence of steps for designing a machine element
>
Select the material for a machine element
>
standardize the parts using Preferred numbers
>
Analyze the parts subjected to simple stresses
UNITV AXIALLY LOADED JOINTS
UNIT II
> Analyze the dimensions of keyFATIGUE

which is used
to prevent_____________
relative motion between a shaft and
____________
LOADING
other element like gear.
Learning Objectives
>
To determine size of spigot type and socket type flanges which are used in conjuction with a
to this
bearlesson,
againstthe
a required
pulling be
force.
At thecotter
end of
learner should
able to
To find the
of cotter
which
resists against
shear
>> Evaluate
thesize
stresses
when
components
subjected
tofailure?
fluctuating stresses.
>
Analyze the stresses when machine parts are subjected to variable loads
>
Apply different theories of failures
UNIT-VI
____________DESIGN OF SHAFTS_____________
UNIT III
__________RIVETED & WELDED JOINTS___________
At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to
Learning Objectives
> understand the different shaft materials and its sizes
the end
this lesson,
thestrength
learner should be able to
> AtDesign
theofshaft
based on
> >Find
the diameter
of based
rivet used
in boiler applications which resist failure due to external loads.
Analyze
the shaft
on rigidity
>
Analyze the riveted joint.

Evaluate required throat cross
when the
joint is subjected to direct loading and
UNITsection
VII SHAFT
COUPLINGS
>
eccentric loading.
>
Analyze the welded joint
UNIT IV BOLTED JOINTS
At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to
>
Understand the different shaft couplings
>
Analyze different couplings
UNIT VIII MECHANICAL SPRINGS
At the end of this lesson, the learners should be able to
>
differentiate various type of springs
>
Evaluate the helical springs.
>
Analyze the leaf springs
COURSE OBJECTIVE
_______________________
Mechanical engineers have to work with various Steam and Gas Turbine power
Plants. In order to understand the principles, construction & working of these plants, Thermal
Engineering -II covers the study of Boilers, Steam Nozzles, Steam Turbines, Steam
Condensers, Gas Turbines, Jet Engines and Rocket Engines.
Text Books:
___________________________
T1: Thermal Engineering by R.K.Rajput/ Lakshmi Publications

T2: Thermodynamics and Heat Engines by R.Yadav / Central book dept.
T3: Thermal Engineering by P.L.Ballaney / Khanna Publishers
T4: Thermal Engineering by R. S. Kurmi / S.Chand
T5: Gas Turbines by V.Ganesan / Lakshmi Publications
T6: Gas turbines by Cohen Rogers and sarvana Muttoo / Addison Wesley - Longman
Syllabus:
______________________________
UNIT I: BASIC CONCEPT:

BASIC CONCEPT: Rankine cycle - Schematic layout, Thermodynamic Analysis, Concept of Mean
Temperature of Heat addition, Methods to improve cycle
Unit-1 BASIC CONCEPT

UNIT-VI
performance
I GAS
-Regeneration
TURBINES: &Simple
reheating.
gasCombustion:
turbine plant
fuels
- Ideal
and combustion,
cycle, essential
concepts
components
of heat of
-Parameters
reaction, adiabatic
of performance
flame temperature,
- actual cycle
stoichiometry,
- regeneration,
flue gas
interanalysis.
cooling and reheating - Closed
and Semi-closed cycles - merits and demerits, Brief concepts about compressors, combustion
UNIT-II: BOILERS CLASSIFICATION:
chambers and turbines of Gas Turbine Plant

BOILERS: Classification - Working principles - with sketches including H.P.Boilers - Mountings
UNIT-VIII JET PROPULSION:
and Accessories - Working principles Boiler horse power, equivalent evaporation, efficiency and
Principle
heat balance
of Operation
- Draught,
-Classification
classification of
- Height
jet propulsive
of chimney
engines
for given
-Working
draughtPrinciples
and discharge,
with
schematic
condition diagrams
for maximum
anddischarge,
representation
efficiency
on T-S
of chimney
diagram -artificial
-Thrust, Thrust
draught,
Power
induced
andand
Propulsion
forced.
Efficiency- Turbo jet engines - Needs and Demands met by Turbo jet - Schematic Diagram,
UNIT-III: STEAM NOZZLES:
Thermodynamic Cycle, Performance Evaluation Thrust Augmentation -Methods. Rockets:

STEAM NOZZLES:
Function- Classification
of nozzle -- Propellant
applications
- -Thrust,
types, Flow
through
nozzles,
Application
- Working Principle
Type
Propulsive
Efficiency
Thermodynamic
assumptions
-velocity
of Engines.
nozzle at exit-ideal and actual Expansion in
Specific
Impulse - analysis
Solid and- Liquid
propellant
Rocket
LECTURE
nozzle, PLAN
velocity coefficient, condition for maximum discharge, critical Pressure ratio, criteria to
decide nozzle shape: Super saturated flow, its effects, degree of super saturation and degree of
under cooling - Wilson line.
UNIT-IV: STEAM TURBINES:

STEAM TURBINES: Classification - Impulse turbine; Mechanical details - Velocity diagram effect of friction - power developed, axial thrust, blade or diagram efficiency - condition for
maximum efficiency. De-Laval Turbine - its features. Methods to reduce rotor speed-Velocity
compounding and pressure compounding, Velocity and Pressure variation along the flow combined velocity diagram for a Velocity compounded impulse turbine.
UNIT-V: REACTION TURBINE:

REACTION TURBINE: Mechanical details - principle of operation, thermodynamic Analysis of a
stage, degree of reaction -velocity diagram - Parsons reaction turbine -condition for maximum
efficiency
UNIT-VI: STEAM CONDENSERS:

STEAM CONDENSERS: Requirements of steam condensing plant - Classification of
condensers - working principle of different types - vacuum efficiency and condenser efficiency
-air leakage, sources and its affects, air pump- cooling water requirement
S.No
Name of the Topic
Teaching
methodolog
y
Black Board
No of
period s
Rankine cycle - Schematic layout, Thermodynamic

Analysis
Resourc
es
T1,T2, T3,
T4
Methods to improve cycle performance -
Black Board
Regeneration
Rankine cycle with Reheating
T1,T2, T3,
T4
Black Board
Concepts of heat of reaction
Black Board
Stoichiometry, flue gas analysis, Work and Heat
Black Board
T1,T2, T3,
T4
T1,T2, T3,
T4
T1,T2, T3,
T4
Total Number of Classes
10
UNIT-II BOILERS
S.No
Classification of boilers, Working principles of boilers
Teaching
methodolog
y
Black Board
Mountings and Accessories, Equivalent evaporation,

Boiler efficiency
Heat balance of boilers, Draught classification Height of chimney
Condition for maximum discharge, efficiency of
chimney
Artificial draught induced and forced
Black Board
Black Board
Black Board
Black Board
3
4
5
Name of the Topic
No of
period s
Resourc
es
T1,T2, T3,
T4
T1,T2, T3,
T4
T1,T2, T3,
T4
T1,T2, T3,
T4
T1,T2,
T3, T4
14
UNIT-III STEAM NOZZLES

S.No
Name of the Topic
Teaching
No
of
methodolog
period s
y
Fnctions of nozzle - applications, Types of nozzles
Black Board
Ideal and actual expansion in nozzle
Black Board
Black Board
Condition for maximum discharge, critical pressure 2

ratio
1
criteria to decide nozzle shape
Problems
Black Board
Super saturated flow, its effects, degree of super

Saturation and degree of under cooling
Black Board
Black Board
Resourc
es
T1,T2, T3,
T4
T1,T2, T3,
T4
T1,T2, T3,
T4
T1,T2, T3,
T4
T1,T2, T3,
T4
T1,T2, T3,
T4
10
Unit-IV STEAM TURE tINES

S.No
Name of the Topic
No of
period s
Teaching
methodolog
y
Resourc
es
Classification of steam turbines, Impulse turbine
Black Board
De-Laval Turbine - its features, Velocity Triangles
Black Board
Power developed, axial thrust, blade or diagram

efficiency, Condition for maximum efficiency
Black Board
Problems, Methods to reduce rotor speed
Black Board
Combined velocity diagram for a velocity

compounded impulse turbine
Black Board
T1,T2, T3,
T4
T1,T2, T3,
T4
T1,T2, T3,
T4
T1,T2, T3,
T4
T1,T2, T3,
T4
13
Unit-V REACTION TURBINE

S.No
1
2
3
Name of the Topic
No of
period s
Teaching
methodolog
Black Board
Black Board
Black Board
Principle of operation of reaction turbines

Thermodynamic analysis of a stage, Degree of
reaction
Parsons reaction turbine - condition for maximum
efficiency, blade height Problems
Resourc
es
T1,T2, T3,
T4
T1,T2, T3,
T4
T1,T2, T3,
T4
Unit-VI STEAM CONDE NSERS

S.No
Name of the Topic
No of
period s
Teaching
methodolog
Resourc
es
Requirements of steam condensing plant.

Classification of condensers - working principles
Black Board
T1,T2, T3,
T4
Black Board
vacuum efficiency and condenser efficiency ,Cooling

water requirements
Problems
Black Board
Air leakage, sources and effects, Air pump
Black Board
T1,T2, T3,
T4
T1,T2, T3,
T4
T1,T2, T3,
T4
10

Unit-VII GAS TURBINES
S.No
1
2
3
Name of the Topic
No of
period s
Teaching
methodolog
Black Board
Black Board
Black Board
Simple gas turbine plant -essential components,

parameters of performance
Analysis of Actual Cycles, Regeneration, inter
cooling and reheating
Closed and open cycles, Combustion Chambers
11
Resourc
es
T1,T2, T3,
T4
T1,T2, T3,
T4
T1,T2, T3,
T4
Unit-VII I JET PROPULSION

S.No
Name of the Topic
No of
period s
Teaching
methodolog
Resourc
es
Classification of jet propulsive engines.
Black Board
Working Principles with schematic diagrams and

representation on T-S diagram
Black Board
Turbo jet engines - Needs and Demands met by

Turbojet engines
Application - Working Principle of rockets, Thrust,
Propulsive Efficiency
Solid and Liquid propellant Rocket Engines,
Propellants
Black Board
Black Board
Black Board
4
5
10
T1,T2, T3,
T4
T1,T2, T3,
T4
T1,T2, T3,
T4
T1,T2, T3,
T4
T1,T2, T3,
T4
>
Represent various cycles on different co-ordinates
>
Define the mean temperature of heat addition
>
Explain the methods to improve cycle performance
>
explain the concept of heat of reaction
>
Analyze flue gases
UNIT-II
______________BOILERS_____
After successful completion of Unit - II the student able to
>
Explain the working principles of different boilers
>
Define the functions of mountings and accessories
>
Define boiler performance parameters
>
Design chimney
>
Derive the efficiency of chimney
>
Explain different draughts
UNIT-III
____________STEAM NOZZLES
After successful completion of Unit -III the student able to
>
Understand the functions and applications of nozzles
>
Analyze the nozzles
UNIT-I
> Draw the velocity diagrams BASIC CONCEPT

_____________
Learning
objectives:
> Obtain condition for maximum discharge
After
of Unit - I the student able to
> successful
Metastablecompletion
flow
UNIT-IV STEAM TURBINES

After successful completion of Unit -IV the student able to
>
Classify steam turbines
>
Understand effect of friction
>
Define diagram efficiency
>
Derive the condition for maximum efficiency
>
Understand methods to reduce rotor speed
>
Draw velocity diagrams
UNIT- V
____________REACTION TURBINE
After successful completion of Unit -V the student able to
>
Understand principle of reaction turbine
>
Define degree of reaction
>
Draw velocity diagrams
>
Derive the condition for maximum efficiency
UNIT- VI STEAM CONDENSERS

After successful completion of Unit -VI the student able to
>
Understand importance of steam condensers
>
>
Classify steam condensers

Define vacuum efficiency and condenser efficiency
>
Understand the working of air pump
>
Calculate requirement of cooling water
UNIT- VII GAS TURBINES

After successful completion of Unit-VII the student must to
>
Classify gas turbines
>
Define parameters of performance
>
Understand regeneration and reheating
>
Differentiate between closed and open cycle gas turbines
>
Find performance of gas turbine power plant
UNIT- VIII JET PROPULSION

After successful completion of Unit-VII I the student able to
Understand principles of jet propulsion
>
Classify jet propulsive engines
>
Define thrust power and propulsive efficiency
>
Understand needs and demands met by turbo jet
>
Understand working principle of rockets
>
Classify rockets
>
Define efficiency and specific impulse of rockets

Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

SUBJECTS

Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis

Metrology & Surface Engineering

Design of Machine Members - I

Unit III: Production Function, Isoquants and Isocosts:

pricing, Bunding pricing, Peak load pricing, Cross subsidization.

Maheshwari: Managerial Economics, Sultan Chand, 2003 T - 3: Dwivedi: Managerial Economics T -

Unit V: Business & New Economic Environment:

& New Economic Environment: Characteristics features of Business, Features and

UNIT-1: Introduction to Managerial Economics:

Name of the Topic

UNIT- II Elasticity of Demand

Unit VIII: Financial Analysis through ratios:

Elasticity of Demand: Definition, Types

Measurement and Significance of Elasticity of Demand.

Methods of demand forecasting (Survey methods,

approach to demand forecasting).

Name of the Topic

Production Function , Isoquants and Isocosts

MRTS, Least cost combination of inputs,

Production function, Laws of returns, Internal and

Break even analysis (BEA) Determination of Break

UNIT IV : Introduction to Markets & Pricing strategies Market structures: Objectives

Cost plus pricing, Managerial cost pricing, Sealed bid

Market skimming pricing, Penetration pricing, Two

Features and evaluation of Sole proprietorship

Joint stock company

Public enterprises and their types,

Changing Business environment in Post

Capital and its significance

Types of capital, Estimation of Fixed and working

Nature and scope of capital budgeting

features of capital budgeting proposals

Payback Method, Accounting Rate of return (ARR),

UNIT VII: Introduction to Financial Accounting

Double Entry Book keeping

Final Accounts (Trading account, Profit and Loss

Chalk & Talk

Chalk & Talk

Chalk & Talk

Chalk & Talk

UNIT II Elasticity of Demand

& its types

> The need for forecasting demand

> Factors affecting demand forecasting

demand forecasting methods

> evaluation of each demand

> forecasting method

UNIT III Cost analysis

Input - output relationship

Cost - output relationship

Laws of increasing, constant &

decreasing returns to scale

The concept of break even analysis

The nature and scope of economics

The nature & scope of managerial economics

Factors that led to Globalization

Policy measures towards

Financial Analysis through ratios __