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    Modern Trawling: Fishing Is The Activity of Trying To Catch

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    Fishing is the activity of catching fish and other aquatic animals. Traditional techniques for catching fish include nets, angling, and traps. Modern fishing techniques evolved in the 19th century with the development of large trawling boats in England. The trawler design allowed boats to fish further offshore and in deeper waters, expanding the fishing industry. Steam power was introduced in the late 19th century, further industrializing commercial fishing. Modern fishing boats now use technologies like sonar and mechanized nets.

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    Modern Trawling: Fishing Is The Activity of Trying To Catch

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    kimg
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    Fishing is the activity of catching fish and other aquatic animals. Traditional techniques for catching fish include nets, angling, and traps. Modern fishing techniques evolved in the 19th century with the development of large trawling boats in England. The trawler design allowed boats to fish further offshore and in deeper waters, expanding the fishing industry. Steam power was introduced in the late 19th century, further industrializing commercial fishing. Modern fishing boats now use technologies like sonar and mechanized nets.

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    Fishing is the activity of catching fish and other aquatic animals. Traditional techniques for catching fish include nets, angling, and traps. Modern fishing techniques evolved in the 19th century with the development of large trawling boats in England. The trawler design allowed boats to fish further offshore and in deeper waters, expanding the fishing industry. Steam power was introduced in the late 19th century, further industrializing commercial fishing. Modern fishing boats now use technologies like sonar and mechanized nets.

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    36 views3 pages

    Modern Trawling: Fishing Is The Activity of Trying To Catch

    Uploaded by

    kimg
    Fishing is the activity of catching fish and other aquatic animals. Traditional techniques for catching fish include nets, angling, and traps. Modern fishing techniques evolved in the 19th century with the development of large trawling boats in England. The trawler design allowed boats to fish further offshore and in deeper waters, expanding the fishing industry. Steam power was introduced in the late 19th century, further industrializing commercial fishing. Modern fishing boats now use technologies like sonar and mechanized nets.

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    Fishing is the activity of trying to catch fish. Fish are normally caught in the wild.

    Techniques
    for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping.
    Fishing may include catching other aquatic animals, such as molluscs, cephalopods, crustaceans,
    and echinoderms. The term is not normally applied to catching farmed fish, or to aquatic
    mammals, and marine mammals, such as whales, where the term whaling is more appropriate.
    According to United Nations FAO statistics, the total number of commercial fishermen and fish
    farmers is estimated to be 38 million. Fisheries and aquaculture provide direct and indirect
    employment to over 500 million people in developing countries.[1] In 2005, the worldwide per
    capita consumption of fish captured from wild fisheries was 14.4 kilograms, with an additional
    7.4 kilograms harvested from fish farms.[2] In addition to providing food, modern fishing is also a
    recreational pastime
    Fishing is an ancient practice that dates back to at least the beginning of the Upper Paleolithic
    period about 40,000 years ago.[3] Isotopic analysis of the skeletal remains of Tianyuan man, a
    40,000-year-old modern human from eastern Asia, has shown that he regularly consumed
    freshwater fish.[4][5] Archaeology features such as shell middens,[6] discarded fish bones, and cave
    paintings show that sea foods were important for survival and consumed in significant quantities.
    During this period, most people lived a hunter-gatherer lifestyle and were, of necessity,
    constantly on the move. However, where there are early examples of permanent settlements
    (though not necessarily permanently occupied) such as those at Lepenski Vir, they are almost
    always associated with fishing as a major source of food.

    Modern trawling
    The British dogger was an early type of sailing trawler from the 17th century, but the modern
    fishing trawler was developed in the 19th century, at the English fishing port of Brixham. By the
    early 19th century, the fishermen at Brixham needed to expand their fishing area further than
    ever before due to the ongoing depletion of stocks that was occurring in the overfished waters of
    South Devon. The Brixham trawler that evolved there was of a sleek build and had a tall gaff rig,
    which gave the vessel sufficient speed to make long distance trips out to the fishing grounds in
    the ocean. They were also sufficiently robust to be able to tow large trawls in deep water. The
    great trawling fleet that built up at Brixham, earned the village the title of 'Mother of Deep-Sea
    Fisheries'.[7]

    Painting of A Brixham trawler by William Adolphus Knell. The painting is now in the National
    Maritime Museum.
    This revolutionary design made large scale trawling in the ocean possible for the first time,
    resulting in a massive migration of fishermen from the ports in the South of England, to villages
    further north, such as Scarborough, Hull, Grimsby, Harwich and Yarmouth, that were points of
    access to the large fishing grounds in the Atlantic Ocean.[7]
    The small village of Grimsby grew to become the largest fishing port in the world[8] by the mid
    19th century. An Act of Parliament was first obtained in 1796, which authorised the construction
    of new quays and dredging of the Haven to make it deeper.[9] It was only in the 1846, with the
    tremendous expansion in the fishing industry, that the Grimsby Dock Company was formed. The
    foundation stone for the Royal Dock was laid by Albert the Prince consort in 1849. The dock
    covered 25 acres (10 ha) and was formally opened by Queen Victoria in 1854 as the first modern
    fishing port.
    The elegant Brixham trawler spread across the world, influencing fishing fleets everywhere.[10]
    By the end of the 19th century, there were over 3,000 fishing trawlers in commission in Britain,
    with almost 1,000 at Grimsby. These trawlers were sold to fishermen around Europe, including
    from the Netherlands and Scandinavia. Twelve trawlers went on to form the nucleus of the
    German fishing fleet.[11]

    Further development
    The earliest steam powered fishing boats first appeared in the 1870s and used the trawl system of
    fishing as well as lines and drift nets. These were large boats, usually 8090 feet (2427 m) in
    length with a beam of around 20 feet (6.1 m). They weighed 40-50 tons and travelled at 911
    knots (1720 km/h; 1013 mph). The earliest purpose built fishing vessels were designed and
    made by David Allan in Leith, Scotland in March 1875, when he converted a drifter to steam
    power. In 1877, he built the first screw propelled steam trawler in the world.[12]
    Steam trawlers were introduced at Grimsby and Hull in the 1880s. In 1890 it was estimated that
    there were 20,000 men on the North Sea. The steam drifter was not used in the herring fishery
    until 1897. The last sailing fishing trawler was built in 1925 in Grimsby. Trawler designs adapted
    as the way they were powered changed from sail to coal-fired steam by World War I to diesel and
    turbines by the end of World War II.
    In 1931, the first powered drum was created by Laurie Jarelainen. The drum was a circular
    device that was set to the side of the boat and would draw in the nets. Since World War II, radio
    navigation aids and fish finders have been widely used. The first trawlers fished over the side,
    rather than over the stern. The first purpose built stern trawler was Fairtry built in 1953 at
    Aberdeen, Scotland. The ship was much larger than any other trawlers then in operation and
    inaugurated the era of the 'super trawler'. As the ship pulled its nets over the stern, it could lift out
    a much greater haul of up to 60 tons.[13] The ship served as a basis for the expansion of 'super
    trawlers' around the world in the following decades.[

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