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    Further Trigonometric Equations

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    wolfretonmaths
    This document discusses converting trigonometric expressions of the form a sin θ + b cos θ to the forms r cos(θ ± α) or r sin(θ ± α). It provides examples of using compound angle formulas to find r and α values and sketches the resulting graphs. It also gives an example of how to solve an equation using these alternative forms.

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    Further Trigonometric Equations

    Uploaded by

    wolfretonmaths
    156 views3 pages
    This document discusses converting trigonometric expressions of the form a sin θ + b cos θ to the forms r cos(θ ± α) or r sin(θ ± α). It provides examples of using compound angle formulas to find r and α values and sketches the resulting graphs. It also gives an example of how to solve an equation using these alternative forms.

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    This document discusses converting trigonometric expressions of the form a sin θ + b cos θ to the forms r cos(θ ± α) or r sin(θ ± α). It provides examples of using compound angle formulas to find r and α values and sketches the resulting graphs. It also gives an example of how to solve an equation using these alternative forms.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    156 views3 pages

    Further Trigonometric Equations

    Uploaded by

    wolfretonmaths
    This document discusses converting trigonometric expressions of the form a sin θ + b cos θ to the forms r cos(θ ± α) or r sin(θ ± α). It provides examples of using compound angle formulas to find r and α values and sketches the resulting graphs. It also gives an example of how to solve an equation using these alternative forms.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3
    At a glance
    Powered by AI
    The notes discuss how expressions of the form sin(aθ)cos(bθ) can be written in the equivalent forms rcos(θ+α) or rsin(θ+α) using compound angle formulae. This is useful for solving equations and sketching curves.

    Expressions of the form sin(aθ)cos(bθ) can be written in the forms rcos(θ+α) or rsin(θ+α) by using the compound angle formulae and then comparing coefficients, as shown in Example 1.

    Example 1 uses the compound angle formulae (sin(A+B)=sinAcosB+cosAsinB and cos(A+B)=cosAcosB-sinAsinB) to write 3sin(x)4cos(x) as 5sin(53.1°) and finds the values of r and α.

    AQA Core 4 Trigonometry

    Section 2: Further trigonometric equations


    Notes and Examples
    In this section you learn to convert expressions in the form a sin b cos to the
    form r cos( ) or r sin( ) . This is a useful skill as it enables you to solve
    equations and sketch curves that you previously wouldnt have been able to.
    These notes contain subsections on
    The forms r cos( ) and r sin( )
    Solving equations

    The forms r cos( ) and r sin( )


    Try using a computer package or graphic calculator to sketch graphs of the form
    y a sin b cos , with various values of a and b.
    You should find that all the graphs of this form are the same shape as a sine or
    cosine graph, but translated by various amounts in the x direction, and stretched
    by various amounts in the y direction.
    This suggests that any expression of the form a sin b cos may be written in
    the form r sin( ) or r cos( ) for particular values of r and .
    You can explore this idea using the Geogebra resource a sin x + b cos x.

    The compound angle formulae can be used to do this. The results can be
    summarised as follows:
    a sin b cos r sin( )
    a sin b cos r sin( )
    a
    b
    2
    2
    where r a b , cos and sin
    a cos b sin r cos( )
    r
    r
    a cos b sin r cos( )

    However, it is best not to try to learn and apply the formula above as it is easy to
    get muddled. A better approach is to use the compound angle formulae and then
    compare coefficients, as shown in Example 1.

    The Mathcentre video The form r cos (x + a) looks at finding this form and using
    it to solve equations and find maximum and minimum values.

    1 of 3

    18/03/13 MEI

    AQA C4 Trigonometry 2 Notes and Examples


    Example 1
    (i) Find the positive value of r and the acute angle for which
    3sin x 4cos x r sin( x )
    (ii) Sketch the curve with the equation y 3sin x 4cos x .
    Solution
    (i) 3sin x 4 cos x r sin( x )

    r (sin x cos cos x sin )


    r sin x cos r cos x sin

    Compare coefficients
    of cos x and sin x

    3 sin x 4 cos x r sin x cos r cos x sin


    r cos 3 and r sin 4
    3
    4
    cos and sin
    r
    r

    This information can be illustrated on a


    right-angled triangle, which allows you
    to find the values of r and .

    r 32 42 5 and tan

    So:

    4
    53.1
    3

    3
    3sin x 4cos x 5sin( x 53.1)

    (ii) y 3sin x 4cos x y 5sin( x 53.1)


    The minimum value that 5sin( x 53.1) has is 5.
    The maximum value that 5sin( x 53.1) has is 5.

    Remember y = sin lies


    between 1 and 1

    The graph of y 5sin( x 53.1) is a translation of the graph y sin x by the vector
    53.1

    and a one-way stretch parallel to the y axis scale factor 5.


    0
    y
    5

    x
    90

    -53.1

    90

    180

    270

    360

    2 of 3

    18/03/13 MEI

    AQA C4 Trigonometry 2 Notes and Examples


    For practice in using these forms, try the Alternative form dominoes. You need
    to match up equivalent expressions, and the dominoes will eventually form a
    closed loop.

    Solving equations
    Example 2
    Solve the equation 3sin x 4cos x 3 for 0 x 360
    Solution
    From Example 1, you can write 3sin x 4cos x as y 5sin( x 53.1)

    3sin x 4cos x 3 5sin( x 53.1) 3


    sin( x 53.1) 0.6
    x 53.1 36.9 or 143.1
    x 16.3 or 90

    You need to solve sin = 0.6 and


    then subtract 53.1 from each
    solution.

    x 16.3 is outside the range, so add 360 to give a solution of x 343.7


    The solutions are x = 90 or 343.7 to 1 d.p.

    3 of 3

    18/03/13 MEI

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